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Technical

MIDAS Material

Tutorial
Single Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
00
Contents
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
 Step 1: Initial Setting

 Step 2: Material & Section Definition


In this tutorial we will learn the following things:
 Step 3: Geometric Modelling
- How to generate composite sections in midas Civil.
 Step 4: Group Definition
- How to assign static and prestress load in midas Civil.
 Step 5: Boundary Definition - How to define moving load as per IRC 6:2000 in midas Civil.

 Step 6: Load Definition - How to define construction stages in midas Civil.

 Step 7: CS Definition - How to define composite section for construction stages in midas Civil.

- How to interpret the tendon losses, forces, stresses represented by midas Civil.
 Step 8: Analysis Control
- How to perform PSC Girder design and RC Pier and Pier Cap design
 Step 9: Reinforcement

 Step 10: Analysis

 Step 11: Result

 Step 12: PSC Design

Program Version Civil 2018 (v2.3)

Revision Date June 13, 2018


Step

00 Overview

 Bridge Type: PSC composite bridge (Composite I + girder)


 Span Length: 22.8-m, 2-Span
 Width: 9m
 Moving Loads: IRC-6:2000
 Time Dependent Material: IRC-112:2011

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Step

01 1 Initial Setting

Procedure 1 2
3
Invoke midas Civil
1 Open New File
2 Save as ‘2-Span PSC Bridge’
4
3 Go to > “Tools”
4 Click on “Unit System”
5
5 Select the unit system [m, kN(ton),
Celcius]
6 Click on OK

6
.

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Step

02 2-1 Modeling – Material Properties

Procedure 1 6
2
1 Go to > “Properties”
2 Click on “Material Properties”
3 Click on “Add” to define materials
Define Material data as:
4 Name > M40
Type of design> Concrete
3
Concrete Standard > IS (RC)
DB: M40
Click on Apply
4
5 Name> Tendon 5
Type of Design: Steel
Steel Standard: IS(S)
DB: Fe540
Click on Apply

6 Name > Dummy


Type of design: User defined
Standard: None
Modulus of elasticity: 2.7e7 7
Poisson’s ratio: 0.2
Thermal Coefficient: 1e-5
Weight density: 0

7 Click on “OK” to close

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 5


Step

02 2-2 Material & Section Definition – Time Dependent Material Properties (Creep &Shrinkage)

Procedure
1 3
1 Go to “Properties”
2
2 Creep/Shrinkage

3
Click on “Add” to define properties
4 Name > M40
Code > INDIA (IRC:112-2011)
Compressive strength of concrete at
4
the age of 28 days > 40000 kN/m2
Relative Humidity of ambient
environment (40–99) > 70
Notional size of member > 1m
Age of concrete at the beginning of
shrinkage > 3 days
5 Click on “Show Result” to see the
graph 5 7
6 Click on “Close”

7 Click on “Close”

Note: To get the creep & shrinkage strains, the value of relative humidity is to be considered as 70%, Notional size of member, h as
1000mm and Age of concrete at the beginning of shrinkage as 3 days. Later, the h value would be automatically updated for
composite sections

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Step

02 2-3 Material & Section Definition – Time Dependent Material Properties (Comp. Strength)

Procedure
1 Go to “Properties” 1
3

2 Click on “Comp. Strength”


2
3 Click on “Add” to define properties

4 Name > M40


Type > Code
Development of Strength > Code >
INDIA (IRC:112-2011) 4
Mean compressive strength of
concrete at age of 28 days
(fck+delta_f) > 40000+10000 kN/m2
5 Click on Redraw Graph
6 Click on OK

7 Click on Close

5 6

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Step

02 2-4 Material & Section Definition – Time Dependent Material Properties (Material Link)

Procedure 1

1 Go to “Properties” 2
2 Click on “Material Link” 3

Time Dependent Material Link Data 4

for M40
3 Creep/Shrinkage > M40 from list
5
4 Comp. Strength > M40 from list
5 Double click on M40 under
Materials to shift it to the Selected
Materials list
6 Click on “Add / Modify”
7 Click on “Close”
6

Any time during the modeling, analysis


and design stage, invoking F1 key
takes you to web help.

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Step

02

3m

0.25m
0.15m
0.5m

0.10m

1.20m 0.30m

0.10m

0.15m

0.45m

Girder Section

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 9


Step

02 2-5 Material & Section Definition – Section Properties (Girder)

Procedure 1 4

1 Go to “Properties”
2 5
2 Click “Section Properties”
3 Click on “Add...”
4 Click on tab “Composite”
5 Define Section: 3
Name > Girder
Section Type > Composite-I
Slab: Bc > 3m, tc > 0.25, Hh > 0
Click on “Symmetry”
See the PSC Viewer and enter the
section dimension parameters
HL1: 0.15, BL1: 0.15, HL2: 0.1,
BL2: 0.5, HL3: 1.2, BL4: 0.45, 6
HL4: 0.1, HL5: 0.15
6 Click on “Select material from DB…”
Concrete material for slab:
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M30
Concrete material for Girder:
DB: IS(RC) 8
Name: M40 7
7 Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
8 Click on “Apply”

Note: The internal Process of section offset is explained in the help file .
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties > Section, When Section tab is opened under offset, click on ‘Details’

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Step

02 2-6 Material & Section Definition – Section Properties (Diaphragm)

Procedure
1 Click on “Add..” from Section 1 2

Properties Dialogue box 3

2 Click on tab “DB/User”


3 Name > End Diaphragm
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User”
H > 1.4m, B > 0.4m
Click “Change Offset”
4 Select Offset : Center- Top
Select Vertical Offset: “User”
Enter value of I: > -0.25
User offset Reference: Extreme
fiber(s)
Click on “Apply”
5 Name > Internal Diaphragm
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User”
H > 1.4m, B > 0.3m
Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
Select Vertical Offset: “User”
Enter value of I: > -0.25 6
4 5
User offset Reference: Extreme fiber(s)
6 Click on “OK”

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Step

02 2-7 Material & Section Definition – Section Properties (Dummy Sections)

Procedure 1

Define Dummy Cross Beams: 4

1 Click on tab “DB/User”


Name > Dummy Cross Beams
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User”
H > 0.25m, B > 1m
Click “Change Offset”
2 Select Offset : Center- Top
Click on OK
3 Click on Apply

Create Dummy Crash Barriers:


4 Name > Dummy Edge Beam
H > 0.25m, B > 0.25m
5 Click on OK
3 5

Note: Invoke the section data window by


following Steps 2 to 5 in Page 10.

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Step

03 3-1 Geometric Modelling – Create Nodes

Procedure 1
1 Click on “Node/Element” of Main 2

Menu

2 Click on “Create Nodes” 3

Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Coordinates (x,y,z) > 0,0,0
4 Click “Apply” and “Close”

Note:

1) To input the node co-ordinates - To display node number click


in table, go to Tree Menu> Tables> Or Press (CTRL +E)
Structure Tables> Node Check > Node
> Node number
2) To create User defined coordinate Click > OK
system go to Structure > UCS
- To display element number

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 13


Step

03 3-2 Geometric Modelling – Extrude Elements

Procedure 2
3
1 Click on “Select All ” to select
the node no.1
1
2 Click on “Node/Elements”
4
3 Click on “Extrude”
Go to “Tree Menu” 5
4 Select Extrude Type “Node -> Line
6
Element”
5 Select Element Type “Beam”
6 Generating Elements:
Select Material “M40”
Select Section “Girder”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “Unequal Distance”
Select Axis “X”
Distances > 0.4,11,11,0.4 (refer Pg.6)
Click “Apply”

7 Click on “Close”

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Step

03 3-3 Geometric Modelling – Translate Elements

Procedure 3
4
1 To view the model in isometric view
Click on
2
5
2 Click on “Select All to select
the girder element
1
6

To copy the girder twice along +Y


direction at a space of 3m each
3 Click on “Node/Element”

4 Click on “Translate Element”

5 Go to “Tree Menu” > Mode “Copy”

6 Translation “Equal Distance”


dx,dy,dz > “0,3,0”
Number of times “2”

7 Check on “Intersect Node ,


Element, Copy Node Attributes, 7
Copy Element Attributes”
8 Click “Apply”
8

Single Girder copied twice in +Y direction


Spaced at 3m

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Step

03 3-4 Geometric Modelling – Create Elements (External Diaphragms)

Procedure 2
3
1 To view the model in Top view Click
on

4
2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1
3 Click on “Create Elements”
Go to “Tree Menu”

Generating Elements - End Diaphragm:


4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered 30 41
Beam
5 Select Material > “M40”
Select Section > “End Diaphragm” 5

6 Check Node and Element check box


2 13
7 Click in Nodal Connectivity box &
then Click on Node no. 2 and 30 to
create end diaphragm between
those two nodes
7
2,30
Similarly create End diaphragm between
Nodes 13 and 41 6

8
8 Click on “Close”

Girders with End Diaphragms

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Step

03 3-5 Geometric Modelling – Create Elements (Internal Diaphragm)

Procedure 2
3
1 To view the model in Top view Click
4
on

2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1
3 Click on “Create Elements”
35
Go to “Tree Menu”

Generating Element – Internal Diaphragm:


4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered
Beam
5 Select Material > “M40” 7
Select Section > “Internal Diaphragm” 5

6 Check Node and Element check box

7 Click in Nodal Connectivity box &


then Click on Node no. 7 and 35 to
create internal diaphragm between
those two nodes

8 Click on “Close”
7

Girders with End & Internal Diaphragms 8

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Step

03 3-6 Geometric Modelling – Divide Elements (Cross Beams)

Procedure 4
5
1 To view the model in Top view Click
on
2

2 Click on “Select Single ”


1
3 Select 11m girder elements 2 to 12
6
4 Click on “Node/Elements”
7
5 Click on Element “Divide”
Go to “Tree Menu”
6 Select Element Type “Frame”
7 Select “Equal Distance”
3 8
8 Select Number of Divisions > 2
9 Click “Apply” and “Close”

Girders Segmented into 2 segments each 1 m

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Step

03 3-7 Geometric Modelling – Create Elements (Cross Beams)

Procedure 3
4
1 Click on “Select Single ”
2 Select the indicated Girder nodes
Go to “Node/Element” 1 9
3
5
4 Select Element “Extrude”
Go to “Tree Menu” 6

5 Select Extrude Type “ Node -> Line


7
Element”
6 Select Element Type “Beam”

7 Generating Elements:
Select Material “Dummy” Nodes Extruded in - Y direction @ 1.5m
Select Section “Dummy”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “Equal Distance”
Distances > 0,-1.5,0
Number of Times > 1

8 Click “Apply”

9 Click on “Select previous ” to 10


Nodes Extruded in +Y direction @ 3,3,1.5m
select the previously selected nodes 8

10 Select Translation “ Unequal Distance”


Axis > y
Distances > 3,3,1.5

11 Click “Close” 11

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Step

03 3-8 Geometric Modelling – Modelling Checks

Procedure 3 3
4
1 Check in Message Window for
Warning about overlapping of
elements 5
2
6
To delete these duplicated elements

2 Click on “Select All ”


3 Go to > “Structure”
4 Click > “Check/Duplicate Elements”
The duplicated elements would
automatically be deleted
7

To make sure all the Girders Cross


Beams are intersected
8
5 Go to > “Node/Elements”
6 Click Element “ Intersect”
7 Let the Tolerance be as default
8 Click “ Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 20


Step

03 3-9 Geometric Modelling – Create Elements (Dummy Edge Beams)

Procedure 2
1 To view the model in Top view Click 3

on

2 Click on “Node/Elements” 4
1
3 Click on “Create Elements”
Go to “Tree Menu”

Generating Elements – Dummy CB :


4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered
Beam
5 Select Material > “Dummy”
Select Section > “Dummy Edge Beam”
5
6 Check Node and Element check box

7 Click in Nodal Connectivity box &


then Click on Node no. 101 and 114
to create dummy element between
those two nodes

Similarly create element between 7 101,114


Nodes 54 and 67
6
8 Click on “Close”
8

Dummy Edge Beams for Crash Barrier Loads

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 21


Step

04 4-1 Group Definition – Creating Groups

Procedure 1
2 3
1 Go to Tree Menu2 > Group Tab
2 Right click “Structure Group” >
New…
Name:
CS1 - Superstructure & “Add”
CS2 – Diaphragm& “Add”
CS3 – Dummy & “Add”
Cross Beam - Moving Load & “Add”
Click “Close”
3
Right click “Boundary Group” >
4
New…
Supports & “Add”
Bearings & “Add”
Rigid Link
Click “ Close”
4
Right click “Load Group” > New…
SW & “Add”
SIDL & “Add”
Crash Barrier Load & “Add”
Wet Concrete Span & “Add”
Span 1 PS & “Add”
Span 2 PS & “Add”
Span 3 PS & “Add”
Click “ Close”

Note: Structure groups, Boundary groups and Load groups are especially dedicated to Construction Stage analysis (of a sequential
bridge construction) where each part of the total structure erected in each stage needs to be identified as a different structure
from those of other stages.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 22


Step

04 4- Group Definition – Creating Groups

Procedure
Click, Drag and 1

2
Drop
1 Click on the top View button to switch to
4

top view.

Go to “Tree Menu”
Click “Group Tab”
Under “Structure Group”

2 Assigning CS1 Group


Select elements and nodes as shown in
CS1 figure, drag & drop the Structure
group “CS1 - Superstructure” over the
CS 1
Model View window

3 Click on the Top View button to switch to


top view.

4 Assigning CS2- Diaphragm Group


Select diaphragm elements (figure, CS 2
drag & drop the Structure group “CS2 -
Diaphragm” over the Model View
window

Note: Structure groups can be defined in Define Structure Group first. Next, the desired nodes and elements can be selected in the Group
tab of the Tree Menu and assigned to the groups by Drag & Drop.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 23


Step

04 4-3 Group Definition – Creating Groups

Procedure
Click, Drag and
Drop
1 Assigning CS3- Dummy group
Select dummy elements as shown in
CS3-Dummy figure, drag & drop the
dummy group “CS3 - Dummy” over
the Model View window

2 Cross Beam- Moving Load


Use filter selection at the bottom in
y-direction and click on
“Select all”
1 CS 3-Dummy Element No.s “57to82 84to87 89to93 95to107 109to112 114to118
120to156 179to226”

Cross Beams- Moving Load Element No.s “57to82 84to87 89to93 95to107 109to112
114to118 120to156”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 24


Step

05 5-1 Boundary Definition – Translate Elements (Top Bearing Nodes)

Procedure 1
Go to Node/Element 2
1

2 Click on “Translate”
3
3 Click on “Select Single“ to select top
girder nodes 2,16 and 30.
4 Mode “Copy”
Translation “Equal Distance”
dx, dy, dz : 0,0,-1.95 m 30
4
5 Click on “Apply” and Close

16
Note: 1.95m is total depth of the
Girder & 0.3m is the height
of the bearing 2
Click on “Apply”

Similarly for other end select node


13,27 and 41
Repeat steps from 3 to 5

Created top bearing Nodes

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 25


Step

05 5-2 Boundary Definition – Translate Nodes (Bottom Bearing Nodes)

Procedure 1

Go to Node/Element 2
1

3
2 Click on “Translate”

3 Go to “side view”

4 Click on “Single by window“ to


select bottom girder nodes 127,128
and 129. 4

Mode “Copy”
Translation “Equal Distance”
dx, dy, dz : 0,0,-0.3 m

Click on “Apply” and Close


Note: 1.95m is total depth of the
Girder & 0.3m is the height
of the bearing.
5 Click on “Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 26


Step

05 5-3 Boundary Definition – Defining Rigid Links

Procedure
1 Click “Boundary” in Main Menu 1

2
2 Click “Rigid Link…” 3

Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Select Boundary Group Name “Rigid
Link”
4
4 Click on “Master Node Number:
Text Box” . Note the text box
changes to pale green color. Now
Click on Node no. 2 in model
window

5 Click on “Select Single” to select


Node No.127 which would be the
slave node.

6 Click on “Rigid Body”


Check “Copy Rigid Link”
Rigid Links Created
Select Axis “Y”
Enter Distances: “3,3” 6
7 Click to “Apply”
8 Repeat Steps 3 to Step 7 for
Node no. 41
5

44

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 27


Step

05 5-4 Boundary Definition –Defining Elastic Links (Bearings)

Procedure 1

1 Click “Boundary” in Main Menu 2


3
2 Click “Elastic Link…”
Go to “Tree Menu”

3 Boundary Group Name “Bearing 4


Span1”

4 Elastic Link Type : “General”

5 Enter “SDx” > 10e8 kN/m


Enter “SDy” , “SDz” , “SRx” , “SRy” , 5
“SRz” > 100 kN/m
(kN*m/[rad])
6 Check “Copy Elastic Link”
Select Axis “Y”
Enter Distances: “3,3”

7 Click in “2 Nodes:” text box and Click


on Node No. 127 & then No. 133 to
create Elastic Link between them
7
127,133
Repeat Steps 6 & 7 for Node 6
132&138

8 Click on Close
8

Elastic Links Created

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 28


Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Conditions

Model Generation – Assigning 1

Support conditions 2

1 Go to “Boundary”

2 Go to “Define Supports”

3
Boundary Group Name “Substructure
Support”

Click on “Select Single “ to


select bottom nodes shown in figure

4 Check “D-ALL” and “R-ALL”

5 Click “Apply” 4

Boundary conditions created

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 29


Step

06 6-1 Load Definition – Defining Static Load Cases

Procedure 1 1
2
1 Go to “Load” tab 2

2 Click “Static Load Cases”


3 Define Static Load Cases

Name : “SW”
Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Self Weight”
Click “Add”
3
Name : “SIDL”
Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Wearing Course”
Click “Add”

Name : “Crash Barrier”


Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Crash Barrier”
Click “Add”

Name : “Wet Concrete Load”


Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
. Description : “Wet Concrete Load”
Click “Add”

Name : “Prestress Load”


Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Prestress Load”
Click “Add”

4 Click “ Close” 4

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 30


Step

06 6-2 Load Definition – Assigning Static Load Cases (SW & Crash Barrier Load)

Procedure 1
4
2
Assigning Self Weight

1 Go to “Load” tab
2 Click “Self Weight…”
3 Go to “Tree Menu” 5
Go to “Load”
Select Load Case Name “Self Weight” 3
Select Load Group Name “SW”
Enter Self Weight Factor, Z : “-1”
Click “Add”
Click “Close”

Assigning Crash Barrier Load


4 Go to “Load” tab
Click “Element”
5 Go to “Tree Menu”
Go to “Load”
Select Load Case Name “Crash Barrier”
Select Load Group Name “Crash
Barrier”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-2.5” KN/m

6 In “Tree Menu 2” > “Works” tab ,


double click “Section: 8.Dummy
Edge Beams ” to select the edge
beam Elements

7 Click “Apply”
7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 31


Step

06 6-3 Load Definition – Assigning Static Load Cases (SIDL)

Procedure 1
2
1 Go to “Load” tab

2 Click Static Loads > Beam Load >


3
“Element”
3 Go to “Tree Menu”
Go to “Load”
Select Load Case Name “SIDL”
Select Load Group Name “SIDL”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-5.175” KN/m

4 In “Tree Menu 2” > “Works” tab ,

double click “Section: Girder” to

select the Main Girder Elements

5 Click “Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 32


Step

06 6-4 Load Definition – Assigning Static Load Cases (Wet Concrete)

Procedure 1
2
Assigning Wet Concrete Load Span 1
1 Select Girder of Span 1
3
Select Load Case Name “Wet
Concrete”
Select Load Group Name “Wet
Concrete Span 1”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-18.8” KN/m

Note: Invoke the Element Beam Loads


window by following Steps a & 2 in Page
5

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Step

06 6-5 Load Definition – Defining Tendon Property

Procedure 1
3
1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu 2

2 Click “Temp/Prestress”
3 Click “Tendon Property”
4 Click “Add”
5 Enter Tendon Name “Tendon” 4
Select Tendon Type “Internal(Post- 5
Tension”
Select Material “Tendon” 6
Click “ ” in the dialog box for Total
Tendon Area
Select Strand Diameter “15.2mm(1x7)”
Enter Number of Strands “8”
Click “OK” 7
Enter Duct Diameter “0.09”mm
Select Relaxation Coefficient “India
(IRC:112-2011) – Normal”
Click “OK”
7 Click “Close”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 34


Step

06 6-6 Load Definition – Defining Tendon Profile

Procedure 1
2
1 Right click on Toolbar to Invoke “Tree
Menu 2”
Go to > Group Tab > Right Click
Structure Group “ CS2 “ > “Activate”
2 Go to “Load” > “Temp/Prestress” >
3
Tendon Profile and Click “Add”

Defining Tendon Profile “G1T1”


Tendon Name > “G1T1”
3 Tendon Property > Tendon
Assigned Elements > 1 to 13, 46to 56
or select as indicated from “Model
View “ Select Elements
Input Type > “3D” 1 to 13 , 46 to 56
Curve Type > “Spline ”
Reference Axis > “Element”
Note: Open excel sheet “Cable
4 Coordinates” 4
*From excel sheet copy Tendon
Coordinates for “G1T1”
Paste on “Input Table”
Select Point of Symmetry “Last”
5 Click “Make Symmetric Tendon”
Select Profile Insertion Point “End-I”
&
Enter element no. “1” in the text box 5
Click “OK”

Repeat Step 2 to Step 5 to generate


Tendon G1T2 , G1T3-L & G1T3-R
Note: An insertion point is used as a point of reference for the tendon profile in the Global
Coordinate System (GCS). Only one profile is needed for a precast beam in spite of the
number of elements (four in this example) that we are using to model it.
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 35
Step

06 6-6 Load Definition – Defining Tendon Profile

Procedure
Copy Girder 1 tendons to Girder 2
1 Select the tendon profiles G1T1,
G2T2, G3T3-L , G3T3 –R from
4 3
Tendon profile dialogue box 2
2 Click “Copy/Move”
3 Mode > Copy
Equal Distance > (0,3,0)
Click “OK”
4 Rename the profile names
Select “G1T1-Copy” > “Modify
“Rename to “G2T1” > Click “OK “
Similarly Rename G1T2-Copy,
G1T3-L Copy, G1T3 -R-Copy as
G2T2, G2T3-L, G2T3-R respectively.
Copy Girder 1 tendons to Girder 3
5
Repeat Step 1 & 2
Mode > Copy
Equal Distance > (0,6,0) & Click
6 “OK”
Rename G1T1-Copy, G1T2-Copy,
G1T3-L Copy, G1T3 -R-Copy as
G3T1, G3T2, G3T3-L, G3T3-R
respectively.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 36


Step

06 6-7 Load Definition – Assigning Tendon Prestress Loads

Procedure
2
1 Go to “Load” > “Temp/Prestress” 1

2 Click “Tendon Prestress”


3 Change Unit to N and mm
Go to “Tree Menu”
4 Load Case Name “Prestress Load”
4
Load Group Name “Span 1 PS1”

5 Hold down “Ctrl Key” and Select


Tendons G1T1 , G2T1 , G3T1
Click on “>” to select the Tendons
5
6 Input by “Stress”
Select Jacking “Both”
Enter Begin “1395” N/mm2
Enter End “1395” N/mm2 6
Grouting After “ 1” Stage
7 Click “Add”

8 Similarly define Prestress Loads for


remaining tendons as per the Load
Group name categorized in the table
given.

7
3

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 37


Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage Loads

Construction Stage Analysis Stage Days Details


This function allows us to define necessary Structure 1) Girder of Span are activated
construction stages to analyze a bridge CS 1 1 2) Girders of Span are supported on Supports( Rigid Link, Elastic
structure reflecting the effects of evolving Boundary link activated)
structure configurations and elastic and Load 3) SW is activated and 2 tendons in each girder are stressed.
time dependent (creep and shrinkage) 1) Casting of Slab for span begins at the 1st day of CS2, hence
displacements. wet concrete load of the slab & Diaphragm would be acting
CS2 14
2) Remaining tendons are stressed
Each construction stage is identified with Load
activated (or deactivated) element, Structure
boundary and load groups. Each stage 1) Diaphragms and cross beams are activated
retains a unique element group, a CS3 10000 1) Wet concrete load of Span would be deactivated.
boundary group and a load group, forming
Load 2) SIDL would be activated
an interim independent structure. The
3) Stage has long duration to check time dependent effects
stage information that was difficult to
define in Wizard can now be added or
modified using this function.

Note:
The results of all prior construction stages are
accumulated and applied to the current stage. Once
activated elements, boundary conditions and loads
remain active until they are deactivated. When an
element is removed, the internal forces are internally
imposed to the contiguous remaining elements in
the opposite directions.

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Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage Analysis

Construction Stage Analysis

CS2
CS1

CS3
Construction Stage Sequence
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 39
Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage 1 4


Analysis Data– CS1 3
2
1 Go to “Load”
2 Click “Construction Stage”
3 Click “Define C.S”
4 Click “Add”

5
Defining Structure Group for CS1
5 Enter Name “CS1”
Enter Duration “1” day(s)

6 Click “Element” tab 6


7 Select “CS1 – Superstructure” under
Group List 7
8
8 Enter Age “28”
9 Click “Add”

9
Note: Age reflects the effects of creep and shrinkage on the elements. The Age
represents the time elapsed from the time of concrete casting prior to the start of
the current construction stage being defined. That is, the Age is the maturity of the
element groups at the start of the current stage being defined. The Age typically
represents the time span from the time of concrete casting to the time of removal
of formwork for horizontal members such as slabs.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 40


Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage


Analysis Data – CS1
Defining Boundary Group for CS1
1 Click “Boundary” tab
1
2 Select “supports, bearings and Rigid 1
links” under Group List 2 3

3 Support/Spring Position > “Deformed” 2

4 Click “Add”
4

10 10

Defining Load Group for CS1


5 Click “Load” tab
6 Select “SW” under Group List

7 Active Day > “First”


8 Click “Add” 5

9 Select “PS-1” under Group List 6 7


10 In Additional Steps add 0.3 days
9

11 Click on “Add” Select Active day in the


group list as 0.3 days and click on Add.
8

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Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage


Analysis Data– CS2
6
Defining Structure Group for CS2 6 v
1 Enter Name “CS2” v
1
Enter Duration “21” day(s)
2 Click “Load” tab
3 Select “Wet-Concrete”
4 Active Day > “First”
2
5
Click “Add” v
6
Enter Day : “0.6 ” & Step “1” 4

Click “Add” 7 v
3 v
7 8
v
Active Day > “0.6”
8
Select “PS-2” under Group List
9
Click “Add”
10 Click on “OK”
5
v
9

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Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage


Analysis Data– CS3
1
Defining Structure Group for CS3
1 Enter Name “CS3”
Enter Duration “10000” day(s)
2 Click “Element” tab 2 v
3 Select “CS-2 Diaphragm and CS-3
4
Dummy” element group under 3
v v

4 Enter Age “14”


5 Click “Add”
5 v
6 Click on “Load Tab”
7 Select “SIDL” and “Crash Barrier”
8 Active Day > “First”

9 Click on “ADD”
10 Select “Wet concrete” under group 6
v
list. 11
11 7
8 v v
Inactive Day > “First” v

12 Click on “Add”
10 v
13 Click on “Ok” 12
9 v v

13
v

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 43


Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage for Composite Section

Define Construction Stage for 1


Composite Section 3
2
1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu
2 Click “Construction Stage”
3 Click “Composite Section for C.S.” 3

Click “Add”
Select Active Stage “CS1”
Select Section “Girder”
Select Composite Type “Normal” 5
Under Construction Sequence
For Part I
Select Material Type “Element”
Set Composite Stage “Active Stage”
Enter Age “14”
#h will be automatically entered

For Part II
Select Material Type “Material”
Select Material “M30” 6
Select Composite Stage “CS3” 4
Enter Age “10” days
#h will be automatically entered
4 Click “Apply”

5
Click Update all H to automatically
update h

6 Click “Close”

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Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Moving Loads

Moving Loads –
Define Code & Lane 3
1
2 5
1 Go to “Load” > Click “Moving Load”
2 “Moving Load Code” select “India”
Lane Name > “Lane 1 Class A” 5
3 Click “Traffic Line Lanes” Eccentricity “ -0.35”m
Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
4 Click “Add” Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “
5 Lane Name > “Lane 1 70R”
Moving Direction > Both
Eccentricity “1.095”m Select Selection by “2 Points”
Wheel Spacing “1.93”m Click on node no. 11
Span Length > 22.8 m Click on Node no. 30 & Click “OK”
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “ Lane Name > “Lane 2 Class A”
Moving Direction > Both Eccentricity “0.3”m
6 Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
Select Selection by “2 Points” Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Click on node no. 11 Beam- Moving Load “
7 Click on Node no. 30 Moving Direction > Both
Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click “OK”
Click on node no. 6
Similarly “Add” Click on Node no. 25 & Click “OK” 6

Lane Name > “Lane 2 70R”


29 42
Eccentricity “ 0”m
Wheel Spacing “1.93”m
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click on node no. 6
Click on Node no. 25 & Click “OK”
7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 45


Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Moving Loads

Moving Loads – Define Vehicle


3
1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu 1
2
2 Click “Moving Load”
3 Click “Vehicles”
4
Click “Add Standard”
4
5
Select Standard Name “IRC:6-2000 5

Standard Load”
6 Select Vehicular Load Type “Class A” 6

9
7 Click “Apply”
Follow the steps 4 to 7 Vehicular Load

Type “Class 70R”


8 Click “OK”
9 Click “Close”

8 7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 46


Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Moving Loads

Moving Loads – Define Moving


Load Combination 3
1
1 Go to “Load” tab 2

2 Click “Moving Load”


3 Click “Moving Load Cases” 4 8
5

4 Click “Add ”
6
5 Enter Load Case Name “70R”
6 Uncheck “Auto Live Load
Combination”
7 Under Sub-Load Cases Click “Add”
8 In Sub-Load Case 10 In Sub-Load Case

Enter Scale Factor “1” Enter Scale Factor “1”


9
Enter Minimum Loaded Lanes as 1 Enter Minimum Loaded Lanes as 1
Enter Maximum Loaded Lanes as 1 Enter Maximum Loaded Lanes as 2
10
Select Vehicle as “Class 70R” Select Vehicle as “Class A”
Under List of Lanes Select “lane 1 70R” Under List of Lanes Select “lane 1
and “lane 2 70R” Class A” and “lane 2 Class A” 7

Click on “->” Click on “->”


9 Click “OK” Click “OK”

Note: To take into account of the wheel spacing and minimum clearance for different vehicles, the Auto Live Load Combination
option can be unchecked and manually different moving load combinations can be created for the vehicles as per IRC 6:2000.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 47


Step

03
Single Span PSC Box Girder Bridge
Step

03 Analysis Control

• Main Control Data

• Moving Load Analysis Control

• Construction Stage Analysis Control

• Perform Analysis

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 48


Step

03 Analysis > Main Control Data & Moving Load Analysis

Main Control Data & Moving 1


Load Analysis Control 2 5

1 Go to “Analysis” tab
2 Go to “Main Control Data”
3 Click on “Consider Reinforcement for
section stiffness Calculation”
4 Click on “OK” 6

5 Click “Moving Load”


6 Enter Number/Line Elements: 3 7

Under Analysis Results > Frame


3
7 Select “Normal + Concurrent Force”
Check “Combined Stress Calculation” 4

8 Select Bridge Type for Impact


Calculation “RC”
9 Click “OK”
8

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Step

03 Analysis > Construction Stage Analysis Control & Perform Analysis

Analysis Control- 1
Construction Stage 2 5

1 Go to “Analysis” tab

2 Click “Construction Stage”


Select Final Stage “Last Stage”
Select Analysis Option “Include Time
Dependent Effect”

3 Click on “Time Dependent Effect


Control”
Select Type “Creep & Shrinkage”
3
Select “Tendon Tension Loss Effect
(Creep & Shrinkage)”
Select “Variation of Comp. Strength “ 3
Select “Tendon Tension Loss (Elastic
Shortening)”

4 Check “Calculate Output of Each part


of Composite Section” 4

Check “Self-Constraint Forces &


Stresses”
Click “OK”
4

5 Click “Perform Analysis” to Run


Analysis
Note: For detailed explanation on Construction Stage Analysis Control refer the
help file (or Press F1 )
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Analysis > Construction Stage Analysis Control

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 50


Step

01 Modeling > Defining Section Reinforcement

Assigning reinforcement to the


sections 1
2
Longitudinal Reinforcement
1 Go to “Properties”
2 Click “Section manager >
Reinforcements…” 7

3 Select “Girder”
4 Click on “Multi Add” 3
8

5 Enter Reinforcement data in the


tables as shown and click “OK”
6 Click “Apply”

Shear & Torsional Reinforcement


7 Go to Shear Reinforcement tab
9
8 Check on Diagonal Reinforcement
Pitch > 0.15m ; Angle > 90 [deg]
Aw > Diameter: P10 ; Number: 2 4
4
Click on OK 4

9 Click on Torsional Reinforcement


Pitch > 0.15 m
Awt > Diameter: P8 ; Number: 2
Alt > Diameter: P8; Number: 2 10
10 Click on “Apply” and “Close” 6

Note: 5
In case the diameter of rebars is not in terms of
P(dia), then change the rebar material code from
Tools > Preferences > Design > Concrete >
Rebar > Material Code > Select IS(RC) & Click OK

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 51


Step

04
2 Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
Step

04 Result

• Load Combination

• Reaction

• Displacement

• Beam Diagrams

• Vehicle Position Using Moving Vehicle Tracer

• Stresses

• Tendon Loss

• Elastic Link Force ( Bearing Forces)

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 52


Step

04 Results> Load Combinations

Load Combinations 1

1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Load Combination”
3 Click “Concrete Design” tab 3

4 Create load combination and enter


factors for load cases as shown in the
table below .
5 Click “Close”

Load Combination
MVL ULS SLS
Dead Load(CS) − 1.35 1
Wearing Course(CS) − 1.75 1

Load Cases and Factors


Crash Barrier(CS) − 1.35 1
Tendon Primary(CS) − 1 0.9
Tendon Secondary(CS) − 1 0.9
Creep Primary(CS) − −
Creep Secondary(CS) − 1 1
Shrinkage Primary(CS) − − −
Shrinkage Secondary(CS) − 1 1
70R(MV) 1 - −
Class A(MV) 1 - −
MVL(CBC) − 1.5 1

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 53


Step

04 Result> Reaction

Result-
6
Reaction 1

2
1 Go to “Results” tab 3

2 Click “Reactions”
3 Click “Reaction Forces/Moments”
4 Select “Load Cases/Combinations”
To view the results in Model View 7

Window, select “Components” 4 CBCmax: MVL


CBCmin: MVL
CBCall: MVL
Select “Value” CBC: ULS
CBC: SLS

5 Click “Apply”
6 To View in Tabular format, Click

“Results Tables”> “Reactions” 9

7 Select “Load Cases/Combination” 5 8


8 Click “OK”
9 Check the values in new window
“Result-[Reaction]”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 54


Step

04 Result> Displacement

Result-
Displacement 1

1 Go to “Results” tab 2

2 Click “Deformations” 4
3
3 Click “Displacement Contour”
4 Select “Load Cases/Combinations”
5 Select “Components”
6 Click Type of Display “Contour” 5
8
7 Click “Apply”
8 See the Contour diagram in the
“Model View” window

Note: By Invoking “…” the tables of 7

any component of result and


load cases can be checked.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 55


Step

04 Result> Beam Diagrams

Result- 9
10
1
Beam Diagrams CBCmax: MVL
CBCmin: MVL
CBCall: MVL
CBC: ULS
2
1 Go to “Results” tab CBC: SLS

3
2 Click “Forces”
3 Click “Beams Diagrams”
11
4 Click “Results Tables>Beams> Forces
& Stresses” 5 CBCmax: MVL
CBCmin: MVL
CBCall: MVL 4
CBC: ULS
5 Select Moving Load case/Combination CBC: SLS

6 Click “OK”
7 In the Result-[Beam Force] table
8
8 Right Click and select from the
6

Context Menu “View by Max Value


Item” 7 12

9 Select Items to Display “Moment-y”


10 Select Load Cases to Display
11 Click “OK”
12 See in Concurrent forces in the table
“Result by Max Value-[Beam Force]”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 56


Step

04 Result> Vehicle Position using Moving Vehicle Tracer

Result- 1

Moving Vehicle Tracer 2

1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Moving Load Tracer”
3 Click “Beams Forces/Moments…”

Select Moving load case “ MVMax


5

Truck”
3
Select Key Element “18”
Select Part “I ”
Select Component “My”
4 Click “Apply”
5 See in “Model View” window the
Vehicle position

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 57


Step

04 Result> Vehicle Position using Moving Vehicle Tracer


2
Result- 3
Moving Vehicle Tracer

To Convert this Vehicle Load


Position into a Static Load Case: 4
1 Click “Write Min/Max Load to File”

Click “OK”

Copy all the data from the “Midas/Text


Editor ”

2 Go to “Tools” tab

3 Click “MCT Command Shell..” 5

4 Paste the data in the “MCT Command


1
Shell” Window

5 Click “Run”

A new Static Load “MVmax&70RMy279”


will be created

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 58


Step

04 Result> Stresses

Result- 1
Stresses 2
4
1 Go to “Results” of Main Menu
3
2 Click “Stresses”
5
3 Click “Beam Stresses”
4 Select Load Cases/Combinations “
5 Select “Components”
6 Click Type of Display “Contour”
7 Click “Apply”
8 See the Contour diagram in the
6
“Model View” window 8

Note: To view the results in tables,


click Results Tables and browse
to required quantity
Note: The significance of various stress components are clearly explained in detail in the help file .
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Result > Stresses > Beam Stresses

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 59


Step

04 Result> Tendon Loss


1

Result- 2

Tendon Loss
1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Result Tables”
3 Click “Tendon”
4 Click “Tendon Loss” By grouping tendons, the average prestr
ess force at the CG of the cables along
5 See the various tendon loss in tabular
the length of the bridge can be seen,
format in the window “Result- in Tendon Arrangement
(Path: Results > Result Tables > Tendon >
[tendon Loss (Tendon Group)]” Tendon Arrangement.)
4

Note: Similarly the tables of tendon


Coordinates, Elongation ,
Weight can be checked.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 60


Step

04 Result> Elastic Link Forces (Bearing Forces)

Result- 1
2
Elastic Link Forces
1 Go to “Results” tab
6
2 Click “Result Tables”
3 Click “Elastic Link…”
4 Check “Truck (Mv:all)”
5 Click “OK” 3

6 See the various forces in the bearings


in “Result-[Elastic Link]”

Note: Similarly, forces for all the cases


could be viewed, which could 5

be used for design of bearings.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 61


Step

05
Single Span PSC Box Girder Bridge
Step

05 PSC Design

• Design Parameters

• Modify Material Properties

• Design Position & Output

• Concrete Allowable Stress Load Case

• Perform Design & Design Calculation Excel Report

• Design Result Tables

• PSC Design Forces

• PSC Design Result Diagram

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 62


Step

05 PSC Design > Design Parameters

PSC Design-
Input Design Parameters 1
5

1 Go to “PSC” > Select “IRC:112-2011” 2

2 Click “Parameters”

3 Design Code > “IRC:112-2011” 3

Output Parameters > “Select All”

4 Click “OK”
6

5 Click “PSC Design Material ”

6 Click “ M40” from the Material List 7

7 For Girder,
Concrete Material Selection :
Code > “IS(RC)” ; Grade > M40

For Rebar Selection


Code > IS(RC)
Main Rebar & Sub - Rebar > Fe500
For Slab,
Concrete Material Selection
4
Code > “IS(RC)” ; Grade > M30

For Rebar Selection


Code > IS(RC)
Main Rebar & Sub - Rebar > Fe500
8
8 Click “Modify”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 63


Step

05 PSC Design > Design Position & Output

PSC Design- 1

Design Position & Output 2

1 Go to “PSC” tab
2 Click “Design/ Output Position”
Select > Design Position

3 Select All Girder elements


Moment > I & J 3
4
Shear > I & J

Click “Apply”

Similarly to define Output position 3

4 Select the indicated elements 3,7,11


5 Select > Output Position
M(+) , M (-) > I &J
Shear Strength > I & J
Torsion Strength > I & J

Click “Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 64


Step

05 PSC Design > Design Position , Output & Perform Design

PSC Design- Output Position & 1

Design 6

1 Go to “PSC” tab 2

2 Click “Serviceability Load Combination 7

Type”
3 Select “SLS” from “Serviceability” tab 3

4 Add it to “Characteristic” tab


5 Click “OK”

To Perform Design
6 Click “Perform Design”

7 After the Design is performed, 4

Click “ Excel Report” to export the

design results in Excel Format. 5

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 65


Step

05 PSC Design > Design Result Tables & Design Forces

PSC Design- 1

Design Result Tables 2

4
Results Table:
1 Go to “PSC” tab
2 Click “Result Tables ”
3 Select the required Result Tables

3
Design Forces:

4 Click “Design Forces”


3

5 Select the Elements & Part Number


5

6 Click “OK”

Note: Following sign convention is used for Stress


- Compression (+)
- Tension (-)

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 66


Step

05 PSC Design > PSC Result Diagram

PSC Design- 1

PSC Result Diagram


2

1 Go to “PSC” tab

2 Click “PSC Result Diagram”


3

3 Select the Load Cases 6

4
4 Select “ Strength/ Str” for load

Case to be considered for Strength 7

check

5 Click “Close”
5
6 Option > Force / Stress and give

suitable scale factor

7 Select Components

8 Click “ Apply”

Note: This feature enables users to check result diagrams in contours. We can see the
member force diagrams along with the nominal strength diagram. 8

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 67


Step

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2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 68

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