All transformers are tested in compliance with IEC 60076-1 and IEC 60076-11

Routine tests
Below the list of routine tests to be performed on dry-type transformers:

 Measurement of winding resistance

 Measurement of voltage ratio
 Checking of phase displacement
 Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss
 Measurement of no-load loss and current
 Dielectric routine tests (please check below according to the Um (IEC 60076-3))
 Insulation test and functional verification of accessories
 Tests on on-load tap changers, where appropriate
 Auxiliary wiring insulation test
 Check of the ratio and polarity of built-in transformers
 Measurement of partial discharges

Type tests
Below the list of type tests to be performed on dry-type transformers:

 Temperature-rise type test (IEC 60076-2)

 Dielectric type tests (IEC 60076-3)
 Determination of sound level (IEC 60076-10) for each method of cooling for which a guaranteed sound
level is specified
 Measurement of the power taken by the fan
 Measurement of no-load loss and current at 90% and 110% of rated voltage

Special tests
Below the list of special tests that can be performed on dry type transformers directly in SEA or in our
associated laboratories:

 Dielectric special tests (IEC 60076-3)

 Winding hot-spot temperature-rise measurements
 Determination of capacitances windings-to-earth and between windings
 Measurement of dissipation factor (tan δ) of the insulation system capacitances
 Determination of transient voltage transfer characteristics
 Measurement of zero-sequence impedance(s) on three phase transformers
 Short-circuit withstand test
 Measurement of d.c. insulation resistance between each winding to earth and between windings
 Measurement of frequency response (Frequency Response Analysis or FRA); the test procedure shall be
agreed between manufacturer and purchaser
 Check of external coating (ISO 2178 and ISO 2409 or as specified)
 Determination of weight with transformer arranged for transport for transformers up to 1,6 MVA by
measurement; for larger transformers by measurement or calculation as agreed between manufacturer
and purchaser
 Detection of harmonic content in no load current
 Thermographic detection of hot-spots
 Measurement of winding inductance
 Recurrent voltage surges test
 In-rush surges test
 Verification of the environmental classes
 Verification of the climatic classes
 Verification of the behaviour to fire classes
 Low temperature test
 Measurement of the transmitted vibrations
 Test on vibration floor (seismic)

Other tests requirements for specific transformers are specified in IEC 60076-3

Archive of type tests

SEA has a large archive of type and special tests carried out on many dry-type transformers that can be
consulted by its customers.
Some examples of test performed on cast resin transformers:

 Toxicity tests by Breda Scientific Institute

In compliance with the test methods provided by CEI 20-37 on a cast resin sample, a toxicity percentage
lower than 0.1% has been recorded for gases released during combustion.

 Fire behaviour test performed by CESI

This test has been carried out on a sample composed by a complete leg (core, LV and HV windings) of a
1600 kVA transformers.

 Various tests on insulating materials

Samples made of the same used resin for the autoestinguishing test have been analized by IMQ.

 Low temperature tests

Thermal cycle test has been carried out and passed at CESI (4 cycles from -20 °C to +20 °C in 24 hours).
Thermal shock test at -50 °C has been carried out and passed at Magrini's lab.

 Dynamic short circuit withstand test

Several certificates of dynamic short circuit tests carried out on transformers with different powers and
voltages have been performed at CESI.