Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
I. Article Review
II. Book Review
III. Position Paper
IV. Project Proposal
V. Resume
VI. Sample Memorandom
VII. Job Application Letter
Bibliographic Information
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Call_of_the_Wild
Date article was published and page number: First Published 1903
London spent almost a year in the Yukon, and his observations form much of the material
for the book. The story was serialized in the Saturday Evening Post in the summer of
1903 and was published a month later in book form. The book's great popularity and
success made a reputation for London. As early as 1923, the story was adapted to film,
and it has since seen several more cinematic
Introduction
The story opens with Buck, a large and powerful St. Bernard-Scotch Shepherd,[1][2] living
happily in California's Santa Clara Valley as the pampered pet of rich Judge Miller and
his family. However, he is stolen by the gardener's assistant, Manuel, and sold to finance
his gambling addiction. He is shipped to Seattle. Put in a crate, he is starved and ill-
treated. When released, he attacks his overseer, known only as the "man in the red
sweater" but this man teaches the "law of the club", hitting Buck until he is sufficiently
cowed (but the man shows some kindness after Buck stops). Buck is then sold to a pair
of French-Canadian dispatchers from the Canadian government, François and Perrault,
who take him with them to the Klondike region of Canada. There, they train him as a sled
dog. From his teammates, he quickly learns to survive cold winter nights and the pack
society. A rivalry develops between Buck and the vicious, quarrelsome lead dog, Spitz.
Buck eventually beats Spitz in a fight. Spitz is killed by the pack after his defeat by Buck,
and Buck eventually becomes the leader of the team.
When Francois and Perrault reach Dawson with their dispatches, and are given new
orders from the Canadian government, the team is then sold to a "Scottish half-breed"
man, who is also working the mail service. The dogs must carry heavy loads to the mining
areas, and the journeys they make are tiresome and long. One of the team, a morose
husky named Dave, becomes sick and is eventually shot.
Buck's next owners are a trio of stampeders from the United States (A spoiled woman
called Mercedes her sheepish husband Charles and her arrogant brother Hal), who are
inexperienced at surviving in the Northern wilderness. They struggle to control the sled
and ignore helpful advice from others, in particular the warnings that the spring melt poses
dangers. They overfeed the dogs and then starve them when the food runs out. Some
dogs on the team die from either weakness, neglect or sickness. On their journey they
meet John Thornton, an experienced outdoorsman, who notices the dogs have been
poorly treated and are in a weakened condition. He warns the trio against crossing the
river, but they ignore his advice and order Buck to move on. Exhausted, starving, and
sensing the danger ahead, Buck refuses and continues to lie unmoving in the snow. After
Buck is beaten by Hal, Thornton recognizes him to be a remarkable dog. Disgusted by
the driver's treatment of Buck, Thornton hits Hal with the butt of his axe, cuts Buck free
from his traces, and tells the trio he is keeping him, much to Hal's displeasure. After some
argument, the trio leaves and tries to cross the river, but as Thornton warned, the ice
breaks, and the three fall into the river and drown, along with the sled and neglected dogs.
Buck comes to love and grow devoted to Thornton as he nurses him back to health. He
saves Thornton when the man falls into a river. After Thornton takes him on trips to pan
for gold, a bonanza king (someone who hit it rich in a certain area), named Matthewson,
wagers Thornton on the dog's strength and devotion. Buck wins by breaking a half-ton
(1,000-pound (450 kg)) sled free of the frozen ground, pulling it 100 yards (91 m) and
winning US$1,600 in gold dust. A king of the Skookum Benches offers a large sum to buy
Buck, but Thornton has grown fond of him and declines. Using his winnings, John
Thornton retires his debts, but elects to continue searching for gold. [3] While Thornton
and his two friends Pete and Hans are panning in a campsite, Buck explores the
wilderness and socializes with a timber wolf from a local pack. However, Buck decides
not to join the wolves and elects to return to Thornton, mirroring John's refusal to sell
Buck. However, Buck returns to the campsite to find Hans and Pete murdered, then sees
John Thornton has suffered the same fate. Buck finds out the murderers were a group of
Yeehat Indians. Buck eventually kills the natives to avenge Thornton, and he then is
attacked by an entire pack of wolves. Buck wins the fight, then finds that the same timber
wolf he had socialized with was in the pack he fought. Buck then follows the wolf and its
pack into the forest, and answers the call of the wild. The legend of Buck is spread among
other Indian tribes as the "Ghost Dog of the Northland". Buck comes out of the backwoods
once a year on the anniversary of his attack on the Yeehats, at the former campsite where
he was last with John Thornton, Hans and Pete, in order to mourn their deaths.
Background
California native Jack London had traveled around the United States as a hobo, returned
to California to finish high school (he dropped out at age , and spent a year in college at
Berkeley, when in 1897 he went to the Klondike by way of Alaska during the height of the
Klondike Gold Rush. Later, he said of the experience: "It was in the Klondike I found
myself.
He left California in July and traveled by boat to Dyea, Alaska, where he landed and went
inland. To reach the gold fields, he and his party transported their gear over the Chilkoot
Pass, often carrying loads as heavy as 100 pounds (45 kg) on their backs. They were
successful in staking claims to eight gold mines along the Stewart River.
London stayed in the Klondike for almost a year, living temporarily in the frontier town of
Dawson City, before moving to a nearby winter camp, where he spent the winter in a
temporary shelter reading books he had brought: Charles Darwin's On the Origin of
Species and John Milton's Paradise Lost.[6] In the winter of 1898, Dawson City was a city
comprising about 30,000 miners,a saloon, an opera house, and a street of brothels.
In Alaska, London found the material that inspired him to write The Call of the Wild.[4]
Dyea Beach was the primary point of arrival for miners when London traveled through
there, but because its access was treacherous Skagway soon became the new arrival
point for prospectors. To reach the Klondike, miners had to navigate White Pass, known
as "Dead Horse Pass", where horse carcasses littered the route because they could not
survive the harsh and steep ascent. Horses were replaced with dogs as pack animals to
transport material over the pass; particularly strong dogs with thick fur were "much
desired, scarce and high in price".
London would have seen many dogs, especially prized Husky sled dogs, in Dawson City
and in the winter camps situated close to the main sled route. He was friends with
Marshall Latham Bond and his brother Louis Whitford Bond, the owners of a mixed St.
Bernard-Scotch Collie dog about which London later wrote: "Yes, Buck is based on your
dog at Dawson." Beinecke Library at Yale University holds a photograph of Bond's dog,
taken during London's stay in the Klondike in 1897. The depiction of the California ranch
in the beginning of the story was based on the Bond family ranch.
Publication history
On his return to California, London was unable to find work and relied on odd jobs such
as cutting grass. He submitted a query letter to the San Francisco Bulletin proposing a
story about his Alaskan adventure, but the idea was rejected because, as the editor told
him, "Interest in Alaska has subsided in an amazing degree." A few years later, London
wrote a short story about a dog named Bâtard who, at the end of the story, kills his master.
London sold the piece to Cosmopolitan Magazine, which published it in the June 1902
issue under the title "Diablo – A Dog". London's biographer, Earle Labor, says that London
then began work on The Call of the Wild to "redeem the species" from his dark
characterization of dogs in "Bâtard". Expecting to write a short story, London explains: "I
meant it to be a companion to my other dog story "Bâtard" ... but it got away from me,
and instead of 4,000 words it ran 32,000 before I could call a halt."
Written as a frontier story about the gold rush, The Call of the Wild was meant for the pulp
market. It was first published in four installments in The Saturday Evening Post, which
bought it for $750 in 1903.[16][17] In the same year, London sold all rights to the story for
$2,000 to Macmillan, which published it in book format. The book has never been out of
print since that time.
Analysis
The Call of the Wild (Jack London) bulb. The gold rush in Alaska has triggered an uproar
for the need of sled dogs capable of pulling sleds to and from the driver's need. Two
explorers discover Buck, a good candidate as a sled dog, and discipline him to become
the alpha dog later in the book.
Strength
The story was nice and it’s all about his Dog, Buck many can relate this cause many of
us have a dog in house or in our friends.
Weakness
I think the book is so less weakness because the story is true .And The moving story ofa
proud dog who escapes capitivity tp become the leader of a wolf pack.
Conclusion
Buck is a dog to luxury, but betrayed and sold to be a sledge dog in the harsh and frozen
Yukon. This is the remarkable story of how Buck rises above hi enemies to become one
of the most feared and amired doga in the north
PROJECT PROPOSAL
I. IDENTIFYING INFORMATION
Project Title : No more than seven (7) words. Clearly state what the
proponent intends to do.
Situation Analysis
What is the geographical scope or coverage of the project (Annex a location or site map; and a
topographical map, if already available)? Identify clearly the boundaries of the project site.
Indicate the status of the biological or natural resources in the site/area based on the available
data.
What is the status of the biological and natural resources and the ecosystem?
Give accurate indicators of the species diversity, resource degradation or depletion over the past
few years (Annex past or recent scientific studies or investigation of the ecosystem and
resources in the site/area, if available.).
What are the dominant threats to biodiversity and the ecosystem, biological and natural
resources of the site? Who and where are the sources of these threats?
What development project affect or will affect the ecosystem balance and biodiversity of the
site?
What are indicators of gender-based differences in use of, access to, and benefits from biological
and natural resources in the area?
Has the proponent taken steps to inform and elicit support from the community/communities in
the site/area for the project? Who have expressed support (Annex letters of support or
endorsement from citizen leaders, local officials and officers of organizations, if available.)?
What is the community’s analysis of their situation and status of their ecological and natural
resources? What steps have they taken to respond to the problems or threats to their ecosystem
and resources?
What are the indicators of the community’s level of awareness and attitudes towards any
programs for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in their area?
What are the potential sources of conflict within the community/communities that will affect
acceptance, implementation and sustainability of the project (such us resource access, use,
tenurial rights and entitlements, illegal encroachments)?
III. RATIONALE
What is the need for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development that the project
hopes to address?
In general terms, how will the project respond to the stated problem/s?
What is the potential benefit or impact of the project for the community and the project site?
What opportunities have been opened that makes this response timely and distinct?
Cite and briefly describe past and current efforts of the proponent/other institutions in the area
to respond to the problem, its results and lessons learned?
List and describe the critical activities under each component. Place these under phases, if
appropriate.
Identify specific sectors of the community or other cooperating agencies or groups who will be
involved in or mobilized for the major critical activities.
How will the project efforts become sustainable? What measures or steps will be taken by the
proponents to ensure sustainability of the positive results or benefits?
V. PROPONENT DESCRIPTION
What is the proponent’s vision, mission ad goals, and major program undertakings? How is the
project an integral part of the proponent’s vision, mission, and goals. Annex brochure, latest
annual report, and newsletter, if available.
Who are the members or incorporators of the organization? What are their distinctive
contributions to the organization? What are the goals and programs?
Is the organizations based in the project site? What programs or project does it have there?
What are the past and on-going programs, projects or activities in similar or related endeavors
as the project being proposed? What are the major results of their programs or projects?
Which of the above programs or projects have been externally funded and what agencies have
funded these (Annex summary descriptions of funded projects, sources, and amounts of funds.)?
Current organizational members or staff, their qualifications and experience, time commitment
to the project (Annex list of governing Board Members, officers and management staff, and brief
descriptive resume of competencies of each one.).
Describe the financial and accounting system used by the proponent (Annex Audited Financial
Reports of the Organization for the past two (2) years, if available.).
State the project’s objective or intended results (These objectives should be results-oriented,
specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time bounded.):
1. General Objectives (For the total project life. It should be presented by component.)
2. Specific Objectives (For the First Year of the proposed project. It should be presented
by component.)
1. Project Management Structure (Draw and describe the project management structure.)
2. Roles, Duties, and Responsibilities (What are the specific roles, duties, and
responsibilities of the organizational board, staff, professional contractors (if
necessary) and others in each position in the project management structure? Specify if
each position is full time, part time (what percentage of time) or hire for a specific
period.
3. Schedule of Activities/Work Plan (Present this in a chart that will show the
components, objectives, critical activities, expected results, timeframe, verifiable
indicators, person/s or staff responsible, requirement (i.e., financial, material, etc.).
Example:
Note: Logframe must be included in the proposal for Large Grants with a financial
request of more than PhP 1.0 M
IX. BUDGET
1. Total Project Cost (Specify the total project cost as well as the distribution based on
the amount being requested and the counterpart that will be contributed by the
proponent.).
2. Sources and Usage of Funds (Present the itemized budget and its source/s.)
How do you propose to monitor and evaluate the project during its project life? What type of
reports will be prepared under the project for monitoring and evaluation by the proponent and
the funding agency? Present it based in the format below:
Prepare a list of annexes of documents/reports that will be part of the project proposal.
b. Logical Framework (Required for large grants only; see format below)
DEATH PENALTY
Manila: The Philippine government will continue with its plan to make the death penalty part of its
punitive recourse, despite Pope Francis’ declaration that capital punishment is “unacceptable” in
“It is still the priority of the administration to re-impose the death penalty for serious drug-related
However, Roque added, the decision on re-imposing the capital punishment remains with the
Senate and House on whether it will recall a 1993 law that provides for such penal option.
The Philippines has had an on and off penchant with the death penalty.
The country carried out judicial executions during the 1970s when the entire archipelago was
The 1987 Constitution abolished the death penalty but it was reintroduced in 1993 and the first
person to be meted the punishment in 1998 was Leo Echegaray who was found guilty of raping
In 2006, then President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo enacted a law: Republic Act Number 9346 that
Arroyo at that time was concerned that having the death penalty as part of the country’s judicial
recourse would weaken the country’s position in asking for clemency for overseas Filipino workers
State vs Church
President Rodrigo Duterte said he wants the death penalty reimposed to serve as a deterrent
Last Thursday, Pope Francis declared death penalty “inadmissible” under all circumstances. The
Church approved the revision opposing capital punishment as it attacks the dignity of human
Among the reasons for changing the teaching include: the increasing effectiveness of detention
systems, growing understanding of the unchanging dignity of the person, and leaving open the
“Today, there is an increasing awareness that the dignity of the person is not lost even after the
commission of very serious crimes. In addition, a new understanding has emerged of the
significance of penal sanctions imposed by the state. Lastly, more effective systems of detention
have been developed, which ensure the due protection of citizens but, at the same time, do not
definitively deprive the guilty of the possibility of redemption,” the new Catechism says.
hopes the Senate will heed Pope Francis’ declaration on the death penalty.
I’m not Agree of the Death Penalty because this is so brutal. The Phillipines country or our country
is so, Religious so if this thing will happens .Many people will not agreed of this and they will make
Objectives help to define what type of role you are seeking but may not be necessary if it
seems obvious based on your application and experience.
EDUCATION
ACHIEVEMENTS/RESPONSIBILITIES
EXPERIENCE
REFERENCES:
WATS lines were installed three years ago to give all employees easier telephone access to our
customers and suppliers in other parts of the country. In fact, our company's growth rate has
increased since then, and we attribute at least part of that growth to the new telephone system.
As sales have increased, so have our telephone bills. But, over the past few months, those bills
have been growing faster than sales. It seems that a few people have been using the long-
distance lines to make personal calls. Such misuse of the WATS lines reduces our profits (and
thus the amount available for profit sharing by all employees), and it ties up lines that are needed
for business calls.
Please do your part to keep our company profitable and healthy. If you absolutely must make a
personal long-distance call during business hours, please charge it to your home phone. Your
colleagues will appreciate your consideration.
APPLICATION LETTER
May 2, 1996
My graduate work has focused on the inheritance patterns of certain traits in the pea
Pisum sativum. Since peas have many traits that differ between different true-
breeding plants, and since peas can both cross-fertilize and self-fertilize, this has
been a good system for studying inheritance. My work has suggested that the
inheritance of genetic traits follows two general rules. First, two members of a gene
pair segregate from each other into the gametes. Second, during gamete formation,
the segregation of alleles of one gene is independent of the segregation of alleles of
another gene. This work will soon be published by the Natural History Society of
Brünn.
During the course of my graduate work, I have become very interested in Drosophila
developmental biology. I have been especially intrigued by studies of the Polycomb
complex and how it represses gene expression during development. Thus, I am
quite interested in the work going on in your laboratory.
I am planning a visit to the United States sometime early this summer. If possible, I
would like to visit your lab at that time. I would be happy to present a seminar on my
work.
Enclosed is a copy of my CV. I have asked my three references to send you letters
on my behalf. I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely yours,
Hugo de Vries