PEFS02G – TABLE TENNIS 2.

The playing surface may be of any material and shall yield a uniform bounce of about
History of Table tennis 23cm when is dropped on to it from a height of 30cm.
3. The playing surface shall be divided into 2 equal courts by a vertical net running
 Was invented towards the end of 19 th century in England as an after dinner pastime for parallel with the end lines and shall be continues over the whole area of each court.
Elite. 4. The playing surface shall be uniformly dark colored and matt, but with a white side
 They used a line of the books as the net and cigar boxes lid as the racket and ball line, 2cm wide, along each 1.525m edge.
made of champagne cork 5. For doubles, each court shall be divided into to equal half courts by a white center
 When the game first started it was called by a number of different names. line, 3mm wide, running parallel with the side lines.
Gossima, whif- whaf, (wiff-waff), Flim flam. It was also called Ping-pong because of
the sound of the ball when in hit back and forth on the table.
 In 1901english manufacturer J. Jaques & Son Ltd. one of the more popular names Ping-
Pong, as a copy right sold the trademark to the Parker Brothers in the United States.
 In 1988 table tennis became an Olympic sport held in South Korea with singles and
doubles competition.
 In 2008 doubles where replaced by team event.

GOVERNANCE

 International Table tennis Federation (ITTF) – Table tennis governing body founded in
1926
 Table Tennis Association of the Philippines

Rules Changes
After the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, the ITTF instituted several rule changes: Net Assembly
1. The net assembly shall consist of the net, it suspension and the supporting post,
1. The older 38 mm (1.50 in) balls were officially replaced by 40 mm (1.57 in) balls including the clamps attaching them to the table.
in October 2000. This increased the ball's air resistance and effectively slowed 2. The net shall be suspended by a cord attached at each end to an upright post 15.25cm
down the game. Which made the game excessively fast and difficult to watch on high, the outside limits of the post being 15.25cm outside the side line.
television.
2. The ITTF changed from a 21-point to an 11-point scoring system (and the serve Ball
rotation was reduced from five points to two), effective in September 2001. This 1. The ball shall be spherical, with a diameter of 40mm.
was intended to make games more fast-paced and exciting. 2. The ball shal weigh 2.7g
3. The ball shall be made of celluloid or similar plastics material and shall be white or
3. The ITTF also changed the rules on service to prevent a player from hiding the orange and matt.
ball during service, in order to increase the average length of rallies and to
reduce the server's advantage, effective in 2002. For the opponent to have time to
realize a serve is taking place, the ball must be tossed a minimum of 16 cm in the
air. The ITTF states that all events after July 2014 are played with a new poly
material ball.

Racket
1. The racket may be of any size, shape or weight but the blade shall be flat and
EQUIPMENT rigid.
2. At least 85% of the blade by thickness shall be of natural wood. Shall not be
Table thicker than 7.5% of the total thickness.
1. The upper surface of the table, known as the playing surface, shall be rectangular,
2.74m long 1.525m wide shall lie 76cm above the floor. MATCH OFFICIALS
1. Referee- responsible for the appointments of match officials.
 He should explain to the umpires, in his pre-tournament briefing, how he
expects laws and regulations to be applied.
2. Umpire – Person appointed to control a match.
3. Assistant Umpire- A person appointed to assist the umpire with certain decisions.
TYPES OF STROKES
BLOCK- Played in order to control an attacking shot.
BRUSH – To hit the ball a very sharp angel to maximize spin.
CHOP- A stroke that produces under spin on the ball.
COUNTER- A counter attack to an incoming loop.
DROP SHOT – when the opponent is far from the table lobbing the ball back to you.
LOOP - Strokes that generates a lot of spin.
Smash- Offensive trump card.
KINDS OF SPIN
Back spin- is where the bottom half of the ball is rotating away from the player, and is
imparted by striking the base of the ball with a downward movem-
Top spin - has a smaller influence on the first part of the ball-curve
Side spin - predominantly employed during service, wherein the contact angle of the racket can
be more easily varied
Cork Spin - Players employ this type of spin almost exclusively when serving, but at the
professional level, it is also used from time to time in the lob.
TERMINOLOGIES
DEAD BALL – A ball that is not in play.
DEFAULT – Occurs when a player is disqualified from a match.
FAULT – Refers to any error committed by a player.
TOUCHED NET – Net touched by player, clothing or racket
MOVED TABLE – Playing surface moved
HAND ON THE TABLE – Free hand touched playing surface.
OBSTRUCTION – Ball obstructed by a player
DOUBLE BOUNCE – Ball touched same court twice.
DOUBLE HIT – Ball struck twice by same player.
WRONG SIDE – In doubles service, ball touched wrong half court.
RALLY – The period during which the ball is in play
LET- A rally of which the result is not scored.
POINT – A rally which the result is scored
RACKET HAND – The hand carrying the racket.
SERVER – The player due to strike the ball first in rally.
RECEIVER – The player due to strike the ball second in a rally.
UMPIRE- The person appointed to control a match
WRONG PLAYER – ball struck by wrong player in doubles.
ENDLINE – Shall be regarded as extending indefinitely in both direction.
POINT – Rally which the result is scored.
TYPES OF GRIPS
- Penhold Grip
- Shakehand Grip
GAME PLAY
Starting a game
According to ITTF rule 2.13.1, the first service is decided by lot, normally a coin
toss. It is also common for one player (or the umpire/scorer) to hide the ball in one
or the other hand, usually hidden under the table, allowing the other player to guess
which hand the ball is in. The correct or incorrect guess gives the "winner" the
option to choose to serve, receive, or to choose which side of the table to use. (A
common but non-sanctioned method is for the players to play the ball back and forth
three times and then play out the point. This is commonly referred to as "serve to
play", "rally to serve", "play for serve", or "volley for serve".)
SERVICE RETURN
In game play, the player serving the ball commences a play. The server first stands with the
ball held on the open palm of the hand not carrying the paddle, called the freehand, and tosses
the ball directly upward without spin, at least 16 cm (6.3 in) high. The server strikes the
ball with the racket on the ball's descent so that it touches first his court and then touches
directly the receiver's court without touching the net assembly. In casual games, many players
do not toss the ball upward; however, this is technically illegal and can give the serving
player an unfair advantage. The ball must remain behind the end line and above the upper
surface of the table, known as the playing surface, at all times during the service. The server
cannot use his/her body or clothing to obstruct sight of the ball; the opponent and the umpire
must have a clear view of the ball at all times. If the umpire is doubtful of the legality of a
service they may first interrupt play and give a warning to the server. If the serve is a clear
failure or is doubted again by the umpire after the warning, the receiver scores a point.
LET
A Let is a rally of which the result is not scored, and is called in the following
circumstances:
 The ball touches the net in service (service), provided the service is otherwise
correct or the ball is obstructed by the player on the receiving side. Obstruction
means a player touches the ball when it is above or traveling towards the playing
surface, not having touched the player's court since last being struck by the player.
 When the player on the receiving side is not ready and the service is delivered.
 Player's failure to make a service or a return or to comply with the Laws is due to a
disturbance outside the control of the player.
 Play is interrupted by the umpire or assistant umpire.
SCORING
Alternation of services and ends
Service alternates between opponents every two points (regardless of winner of the rally) until
the end of the game, unless both players score ten points or the expedite system is operated,
when the sequences of serving and receiving stay the same but each player serves for only one
point in turn (Deuce).The player serving first in a game receives first in the next game of the
match.
After each game, players switch sides of the table. In the last possible game of a match, for
example the seventh game in a best of seven matches, players change ends when the first player
scores five points, regardless of whose turn it is to serve. Service is subject to change on
game point of the match. Upon the possible last point of the match, the player with the lesser
score serves. If the sequence of serving and receiving is out of turn or the ends are not
changed, points scored in the wrong situation are still calculated and the game shall be
resumed with the order at the score that has been reached.
Doubles game
In doubles, all the rules of single play are applied except for the following:
3. In the second or the latter games of a match, the game begins in reverse order of play.
For example, if the order of play is A→X→B→Y at beginning of the first game, the
order begins with X→A→Y→B or Y→B→X→A in the second game depending on either X or
Y being chosen as the first server of the game. That means the first receiver of the
game is the player who served to the first server of the game in the preceding game. In
each game of a doubles match, the pair having the right to serve first shall choose
which of them will do so. The receiving pair, however, can only choose in the first
game of the match.
4. When a pair reaches 5 points in the final game, the pairs must switch ends of the table
and change the receiver to reverse the order of play. For example, when the last order
of play before a pair score 5 points in the final game is A→X→B→Y, the order after
change shall be A→Y→B→X if a still has the second serve. Otherwise, X is the next
server and the order becomes X→A→Y→B.

SERVICE
A line painted along the long axis of the table to create doubles courts bisects the table.
This line's only purpose is to facilitate the doubles service rule, which is that service must
originate from the right hand "box" in such a way that the first bounce of the serve bounces
once in said right hand box and then must bounce at least once in the opponent side's right
hand box (far left box for server), or the receiving pair score a point.

Order of play, serving and receiving

1. Players must hit the ball in turn. For example, if A is paired with B, X is paired with
Y, A is the server and X is the receiver. The order of play shall be A→X→B→Y. The
rally proceeds this way until one side fails to make a legal return and the other side
scores.
2. At each change of service, the previous receiver shall become the server and the
partner of the previous server shall become the receiver. For example, if the previous
order of play is A→X→B→Y, the order becomes X→B→Y→A after the change of service.