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ΠpΕΝΕRLIBRARY

ήΪilli
Ηχ 7 βGΝ Ι
 ΤΗΕ ΒΕΩUΕSΤ ΟΡ

ΕΙΕΝΕΥ WΑRΕ WΑLΕS, Μ. D.,

Ο Ρ ΗΟ8ΤΟΝ .

(Ο1a s s of 1838..)

Ν.
. ΕΕ
 θίσει J. Αλιό-νλ9-

εν υkς- Ό%-4. fφ έ".ντησή

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 - -

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 Α

Τ)ΙΟΤΙΟΝΑΗΥ

ΟΕ

ΜΟΙΟΕRΝ GRΕΕΚΡRΟVΕRΒS.
 σίμk.

Γ)ΙΟΤΙΟΝ ΑΗΥ
ΟΡ

ΜΟDΕRΝ GRΕΕΚ ΡRΟVΕRΒS,

γγΙΤΗ

ΑΝ ΕΝαLIsΗ ΤRΑΝsLΑΤΙοΝ, ΕxΡLΑΝΑΤoRΥ RΕΜΑRκs,

ΑΝD ΡΗΙLΟLΟGΙCΑL ΙLLUSΤRΑΤΙΟΝ8.

ΒΥ

ΑLΕΧΑΝDΕR ΝΕGRIS,
PRoFΕssoR oF GRΕΕΚ LΙΤΕRΑΤURΕ,
Εditor of the Οrations on the Crown,
Αuthor of a Μodern Greek Grammar, &c,

ΕDΙΝΒURGΗ:
ΤΗΟΜΑS CLΑRΚ, 38, GΕΟRGΕ SΤRΕΕΤ.
ΜDCCCΧΧΧΙ.
Εdinburgh :-DUΝCΑΝ SΤΕvΕΝsoΝ,
Ρrinter to the University.
 ΡΗ ΕΕΑ Ο Ε.

SoΜΕ Readers may expect to find in this Ρre

face, a dissertation upon the beauty of the Greek
language ; the extent and variety of its literature,
the number and excellence of its Ρoets, Ηisto
rians, Οrators, and Philosophers, to whom suc
ceeding ages have been so much indebted, and to
whom the most enlightened nations have always
paid the greatest homage.
Such an eulogy might perhaps have been ne
cessary during those dark ages when literature
slept, or was stified, amid the empire of barba
rism, but since, in the present day, no one disputes
its being the most beautiful language that men
bave ever spoken, as it is without question the
most interesting and valuable; (for what literary
productions are there which can be compared
with those of Greece, the birth-place, cradle,
and school of Genius !) the encomium would be
quite superfluous, especially as it is considered in
almost every civilized country, as one of the
most important parts of a liberal education,
vi ΡΕΕΕ'Α ΟΕ,

Το speak of modern Greek by itself, without

mentioning the ancient, of which it constitutes
an inseparable part, would be the same thing as
to discuss the qualities of the branch of a tree,
without taking into consideration the parent stem
from which it is derived.
Greek, from the most remote period to our
own times, forms but one language; a language
which perhaps is the most rich, the most ex
pressive, and the most agreeable to the ear, yet
also that which is the most complicated, from
its various idioms and its ambiguous construc
tions. Τhese naturally arise in a great measure
from its literature embracing so extensive a pe
riod; since Αuthors, who have written in dif.
ferent epochs, must necessarily exhibit in their
works some variations and peculiarities of style,
such as take place in every country from the
same causes; the extent of which must depend
upon the longer or shorter duration of time, and
the nature of those events which operate upon
the tastes, customs and manners of a people.
Ιt may well be imagined how insurmountable
these difficulties must appear to students, who,
after they have diligently pursued the course
prescribed to them, perhaps for years, and are in
reasonable expectation of reaping the reward of
their labours in the possession of valuable know
ledge, find themselves scarcely at all advanced.
Τheir time and exertions appear to have been
thrown away, (as in some respects they really
Εhave been,) and a disgustis frequently contracted
towards the study of the language itself, that
 * ΡRΕΕΑ ΟΕ. vii

may endure for the rest of their lives : and, after

all, they have only accomplished what they might
have acquired in a comparatively short space
of time under a Τeacher familiar with the ge
nius of the language, and able to smooth the
rugged path to knowledge, by removing obsta
cles and obscurities. When I speak of the difti
culties of the Greek, I consider it in a point of
view entirely different from that elementary
knowledge which is ordinarily attained ; and feel
confident that, were the true path pursued, it
would appear even more easy of acquirement
than that of many modern languages.
Τhe prejudices which prevail on this subject,
arise in a great degree from ignorance of the
relation between the ancient and modern Greek.
It is indisputable, however, that the Greeks who
study their own language, may attain more easily
than foreigners not merely the knowledge ne
cessary for theoretical and speculative research
es, but such as may render them proficient in
the higher and more useful departments of
Greek literature. Βorn in a land where a
dialect of the language is spoken, familiar with
it from infancy, they possess the clew of Αriadne
to lead them through those labyrinths of diffi
culties and impediments, in which Critics often
err and lose themselves, while groping in the
άark they seek a way to get out, with perhaps
little more than the blind guidance of conjec
ture. Τhe numerous productions of Coray are
sufficiently well known to the Literati, to render
it unnecessary to enlarge upon this point.
viii ΡRΕΕ'ΑΟΕ»

Τhe spoken dialect, comprising all the ad

vantages of the ancient, as rich, as flexible, as
sonorous, but more simple, and consequently
more easy than those in which the immortal
chgf-d-auυres of our ancestors are written, is at
this day so much studied by a great number of
Scholars, from their being convinced that its
acquisition is essential to the full comprehen
sion of the ancient, that I could, without difficul
ty, mention celebrated German Ηellenists, who
know it almost as well as their native tongue.
Ιts utility under other relations , the original
works of which its modern literature can boast ;
the honour even of speaking a dialect of the lan
guage of Ηomer, of Τhucψdides, of Sappho, ought
not to be feeble stimulants in rendering its acqui
sition more general, and extending it to the fair
sex, who, it is to be hoped, will not be much
longer excluded from the study of Greek, which,
taught as a living language, (and such it is, with
the ancient pronunciation, instead of the modern
innovation of Εrasmus, which was never living
put with its inventor and those who walked in
his steps ; and if it be still retained is only on
account of prejudice,) would appear no more pe
dantic or ridiculous from their lips than from
those of the well-educated ladies of Greece, a
mong whom there are some who can recite en
tire books of Ηomer by heart, and who write
the ancient Greek, with as much elegance, pu
rity, and facility, as ever flowed from female
pen during the most classic aera of Grecian lite
 ΡRΕΕΑΟΕ, ix

rature, when the vivifying rays of inspiration

shed their most genial influence,
Εvery thing then that facilitates this study is
a service rendered to public instruction, and can
scarcely fail to be favourably received by those
Who have that object in view. It is this consi
άeration which induces me to publish this Dic
tionary of Prουeros, a title which may in itself
perhaps suggest the idea of a dry uninteresting
Work-a reproach, however, that Ι venture to
bope this little volume will not be found to de
serve, since, in addition to its main object, that
of bringing together a collection of national pro
verbs in alphabetical order, it is diversified by
the introduction of explanatory illustrations,
anecdotes, and traditions ; some, indeed, with
mo higher aim than the amusement and relaxa
tion of the reader, others, and I think they
form the greater part, calculated to give infor
mation upon the habits and opinions of the peo
ple, both civil and domestic.
Τhese can never be exhibited in a form so
compendious and unvarnished as by a work like
the present, in which, so far from aiming at or
nament, the vulgarstyle, which popular proverbs
every where preserve, and which a pure prose
yoluntarily rejects, has been scrupulously ad
hered to Νor am I apprehensive that on
this account, the morality or good taste of my
countrymen will appearin an unfavourable light,
notwithstanding some unrefined expressions
which were unavoidable,
Τhe maxims of experience in all countries
Χ ΡRΕΕΑCΕ.

bear the same homely character, deduced from

plain facts, destitute of embellishment, and the
graces of imagination ; they are calculated for
general utility, of which a hearer approach to
elegance would render them incapable,
Τhey are level to the capacity of the poor and
uneducated, to whom they serve as a manual of
moral and prudential aphorisms, by which they
may form their opinions, and regulate their con
duct, while to those of more cultivated intellect,
they are recommended by their truth and sim
plicity : as the proprietor of the finest gardens
will often stop to admire the hedge-rose or the
Hare-bell, the spontaneous and uncultivated pro
ductions of nature.
With regard to the translation, which I have
endeavoured to render as literal as possible, in
order that it may be serviceable to those who
wish to study the Greek language as it is now
spoken, it has not been altogether unattended
with trouble or difficulty , sometimes arising,
no doubt, from my not being more familiar with
the Εnglish idiom, but principally from my anx
iety, that it should be simply the vehicle of the
Greek; not merely of the sense, but of the con
struction also.
Ιf, in the prosecution of this design, I shall be
found sometimes to have given itan appearance
not quite so advantageous as might otherwise
have been the case, the object I have had in
view will, I doubt not, be taken into considera
tion, and form a sufficient apology.
 ΡRΕΕΑ Ο.Ε. Χί

Should the success not altogether answer the

attempt, I may at least be permitted to hope that
the friends of Greek literature will regard this
little work with some degree of interest and fa
vour, at all events, in whatever light it may be
considered, if it should prove of any utility to
the Ρublic, my intention will be fully answered,
and I shall have all the recompense for my
labour which I desire to receive,
 -Α-
- - - - - - - -
 ΙΟ Ι Ο Τ Ι Ο Ν Α Ε Υ
ΟΡ

CRΕΕΚ ΡRΟVΕRΒS.

Αγάλι αγάλι έφύτευεν ο φρόνιμος αμπέλι, κ' αγάλι

αγάλι εγίνετο η αγουρίδα μέλι-Βιy little and
ίittle α prudent husbandmαn plαnted α υιneyαrd,
by little αnd little the young grapes from υerjuice
δecαme sueet αs honey :-Τo do a thing well, there
ought not to be too much haste.-Τhis agrees with
the Italian proverb-Chί υα piano υα sano, chί
υα 8αno υα lonίαno.
Αγαπάει τα κάρδαμα.-Ηe loυes cresses :-Α fool's
ΙnottΟ.
Αγάπα η Μάρω τον χορόν, ηύρε και άνδρα λυριστήν.
-Μαry μαs fond of dancing, αnd 9οία Jiddler
for her husband :-Αpplied to those who succeed
according to their wishes.
Αγάπα τον φίλον σου με το ελάττωμα του.-Loυe
γour friend uith his foible :-Βecause no one is
without his faults.
Αγέλαστος πέτρα.-Τhe stone that never smiles :-
Το express the signs of grief Ceres overwhelmed
with sorrow for the loss of her daughter Ρroser
pine, wandered about in search of her in the dis
guise of an old woman. She came at length to
1-5 Α -
2 CRΕΕΚ

Εleusis, where she sat down on a stone, which

was afterwards called, αγέλαστος πέτρα.
"Αγουρα δαμάσκηνα, πικραίς ελαίαις.- Οnripeprunes,
bitter oliυes :-Αpplied to those who are always
saying bitter things.
"Αγουρος προξενητής για λόγου του γυρεύει.-Ηe that
solicits for another in α disagreeable manner, is
making interest for himself.
"Αγριος ελευθερία.-Sαυαφe liberty :-Αpplied to
anarchy, or rather to such liberty as savages enjoy,
which is established on the principle of bodily
strength, and in which the weak become the prey
of the strong.
Αδώνιοι κήποι.- Gαrdens of Αdonis :-Αpplied to
what soon decays. Τhis proverb derived its origin
from the ancient custom of the Grecian ladies,
who, in commemorating the death of Αdonis, car
ried vases full of earth, mixed with the seeds of
various vegetables, such as lettuce, fennel, &c.
which having but little root soon perished. This
ceremony alluded to the misfortune of the young
lover of Venus, who was cut off in the flower of
Inis age, and to the lettuce, on which she laid him
after his death.
"Αδωρα εχθρών τα δώρα.-Αn enemy's present is no
fαυour :-In Greece this proverb is also used in
another form. Εχθρού χάρισμα δεν διαφέρει από
ζημίαν.-Τhe gift of' αn enemy is no better than
αn injury, Virgil seems to have had the same
sentiment in view, when, in his speech to the Τro
jans, dissuading them from receiving the wooden
Ιnorse within their walls as a present from the
Greeks, he makes Laocoon say,
timeo Danaos et dona ferentes,
5-10
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 3

Αετός μυίας δεν πιάνει.-Τhe eαgle catches no flies :

-Τhat is, the great care not about small things.
Τhe word πιάνω comes from πιάζω, Doric for
πιέζω. Τheocritus Ιdyll. δ. υ. 35.
Τηνει και τον ταύρον απ' ώρεος άγε πιάξας.
Αθάνατοι χαρίτων κήποι.- Unfading are the gar
dens of kindness :-Αpplied to those who remem
ber favours received.
Αισχύνη πόλεως πολίτου αμαρτία.-Τhe disgrαce of
the city is the fault of the citizen.
Αισώπειον αίμα.-Βlood of Εsop :-In allusion to
the manner of his death, it signifies innocent blood.
See Suidas.
Αισώπειος κολοιός.-Εsop's jackdαιυ :-Αpplied to
those who appropriate to themselves another's me
rits. 4'

Ακέφαλος λόγος,-Ηeadless speech :-Το those who

say silly things.
"Ακουσά σε κ' ίδρωσα, ειδά σε και ξίδρωσα.-Ι heard
ψou αnd was terrified, Γsαιυ ψou and uras easy :
-Το those who at a distance inspire terror, but
when near prove harmless.
Ακριβός και ψεύστης εγρήγορα συμφωνούν.-Α miser
αnd α liar bargαιη φuickly :-Τhe former is blind
ed by the prospect ofgain ; the latter readily makes
ises, without intending that they should ever
be fulfilled.
"Αλας και κουκίον.-Salt and bean :-Το those
who pretend to know with certainty what they
can merely guess. It takes its rise from the cere
mony of the ancient diviners in throwing salt and
bean, before predicting a future event.
"Αλλα λέγει, κ' άλλα πράττει.-Ηe sαμs one thing,
αnd does another :-Το those who fulfil not their
11-20
4 GRΕΕΚ

Ρromises, or who easily change their projects,

Αnother form is, άλλα λέγει το πρωί, κ' άλλα
πράττει το βραδύ.-Ηe sαψε one thing in the
morning, αnd does αnother in the evening,
"Αλλα "ν' τα μάτια του λαγού, κ' άλλα της κουκκου
βάϊας.-Τhe eyes of the hare are one thing, those
of the oul αnother :-Αpplied to those who com
pare things very different from each other, Τhe
word κουκκουβάϊα, is synonimous with γλαυξ, and
signifies nurse of the cuckoo. It is said that the
cuckoo, when she is about to lay her eggs flies
to the nest of the owl, which, not seeing dur
ing the day, is terrified by the sudden flight, and
shrinks in her nest, yielding place to the stranger.
Τhe cuckoo then rolls one of the owl's eggs from
the nest, and leaves one of her own in its stead.
Τhe owl sits on all till the young are produced;
after which the cuckoo returns every day to visit
its young οne, until it is able to fly. Τhe word
βάϊα, ηurse, comes from Βaja, a name which the
ancient Romans gave to a nurse; from a city of
the same name which was famous for all kinds of
luxuries. It was a Greek colony, and founded, ac
cording to some, by Βάϊος, one of the companions
ofUlysses (See Strabo, i, 26) whose name the city
bears. It was here that Αgrippina, the mother
of Νero, dwelt, and where, by his orders, she was
put to death.
"Αλλο λέγω 'γώ την θειάν μου, άλλο λέγ' εμέν αυτή,
- I say one thing to my αμnt, she says αηother to
ηe :-Το those who do not wish to understand
what is said, and answer one thing for another.
Εμεν for the Doric εμίν, of which the Αttic is
έμοί, Τhus by Τheocr, Idyll, ιά. υ. 44.
"Αδιoν εν τώντρω παρ'
ς εμίν
εμ τάν νύκτα διάξεις.
20-22
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, Φ

"Αλλος αγαπάει τον παπά, και άλλος την παπα

διά.-Τhe one lουes the priest, the other the priest
ess :-Τhe same thing does not please every body.
Ιn Latin,- De gustibus nil disputandum.
"Αλλος το πύρ ανάφτει, και άλλος τ' ανεμίζει.- Τhe
one kindles the fire, the other blous it :-Τhat is
to say, one begins the evil, another increases it.
"Αλλος χάσκει, και άλλος χάφτει.-Οne gapes, αnd
αnother gulps :-Said of those who obtain what
others expected.
"Αλλο το να ιδής, και άλλο το ν' ακούσης. Το see is
one thing, to hear is another :-Τhat is to say,
we ought to place more confidence in seeing than
hearing. Α similar sentiment is to be found in
Τhucψdides, Lib. ά. S ογ'. Και τα μεν πάνυ πα
λαιά τί δεί λέγειν, ών ακοαι μάλλον λόγων μάρτυ
ή όψεις των ακουσομένων ,
βες,
Αλλού με τρίβεις δέσποτα, και αλλού έχω τον πόνον,
- Υou rub me, reυerend sίr, on one place, αηd Ι
hαυe the pαιn in another :-Sufferings are best
Κnown to those who feel them.
Αλλού "ν τα καρκαλίσματα, και αλλού γεννούν ή
κότταις.-Τhe hen cackles in one place, αηd lays
her eggs in another.
"Αλλους ή γλώσσα, άλλους τα δόντια δουλεύουν.-Τhe
tongue serυes some, the teeth others:-Τhe first
part of the proverb is applicable to babblers, the
last to gluttons.
"Αλλων ιατρός, πληγών αυτός γεμάτος. Τhe healer
of ρthers is himself full of wounds :-Το those
who, making pretensions to virtue, and teaching it
to others, are themselves vicious.
Αλοίμονον εις τον μή ξυόμενον με τα νύχιά του.-
Αlas ! for him uho scratches not himself ιυίth his
23-31
6 CΗRΕΕΚ

οιυη nαils :-Ηe is best served who is his own

Servant.
Αλοίμονον εις τους δαρμένους, εν όσω οι κριται να έλ
θουν.-Αlas ! .for those who hαυe been ύeaten, till
the judges come :-Τhose who receive an injury
ought to be speedily redressed
"Αμαθος βρακίν εφόρειε, κάθε πάτημα το θώρειε.-Αno
υίce μαs dressed in breeches, αnd looked at them
ευery step :-Ηe who is suddenly placed in a high
situation knows not how to conduct himself pro
perly.
Αναίσχυντος και σιδηρένιος.-Ιmpudent and from
ίron :-In other words, brazen-faced.
Ανακατωμένα (or εμπερδεμένα) γνέματα, κακούφα
σμένα πανιά.-Ιεαυelled yarn makes ill-ιυουen cloth :
-If due arrangements be not made at the com
meucement, the end will shew the defects.
Ανάλατα γέλοια.- Unseasoned lαμghter :-against
which the following maxim may be directed :
Γέλως άκαιρος εν βροτούς δεινόν κακόν.
"Αν βρέξη, λάσπη γίνεται.-If it rains, there is mud :
-Αpplied to natural consequences.
"Αν δεν εταίριαζον, δεν εσυμπεθέριαζον.-Ιf they had
ηot been of the same mind, they had not inter
married their children :-Το those who are al
ways of the same opinion.
Αν δεν ήναι νοτον, ας ήν' και παστωμένον.-Ιf there
is none.fresh, let us hαυe salted :-Το those who
content themselves with the second place.
"Αν ειπώ το παράπονό μου, λέγω την πομπή μου.-
Ιf Ι tell my complaint, Ιdisclose my shame:-Το
those who receive an injury from their relations ;
and through magnanimity conceal it, in order to
prevent a stain on their family. .
"Αν είχα τυρί, προσφάγι δεν εζήτουν.-ΙfΙhad cheese,
31-41
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 7

Ι ισould not αεk αny thing else to eat along with

my bread.-Το those who like frugality, and con
tent themselves with little.
"Αν είχ' ή βάβω μας όρχείδια, την έλεγαν παπτού. -
Ιf our grandmother uere masculine, ue uould
call her gναndfather :-Αpplied to things impos
sible.
'Ανεμομαζώματα, δαιμονοσκορπίσματα (or διαβολο
σκορπίσματα).- Whatthe uind gathers, the Deυίl
scatters :-Ill come goods never stay.
Ανεμον τηγανισμένον, χιόνι , το σουβλί,-Fried
ισίnd, αnd snou on the spit :-Αpplied to trities
and impossibilities,
"Αν εφοβείτ’ ο λύκος την βροχήν, περίβλημα εφόρειε.-
Ιf the ισοίf dreaded rαϊn, he uould uear α cloak :
-Τo the brave who fear nothing.
Αν ή ευχαίς αλήθευαν, κ' ο διακονάρης πλούτενε.-Ιf'
ιυϊshes urere grαnted, eυen the beggar ujould become
rich:-Wishes are freely given, but they make us
neither richer nor poorer. Τhus they say in
Εnglish, Ιf ισishes were horses, beggars urould
ride.
"Αν ήκουεν ο Θεός τους κόρακας, τετράτοδον εις τον
κόσμον δεν ήθελεν απομείνη.-Ιf God uould listen
to the crows, not α quαdruped ujould be left on the
earth :-Τo the wicked and envious who utter vain
imprecations against others.
Ανθρωπος ανθρώπου λύκος.-Μαn the ισοίf of mαn :
-Οne ought not to put too much confidence in
an uuknown person.
"Ανθρωπος πολύβουλος, Θεός δε βουληκότος.-Μan
λαs mαny projects, but God cuts them short :-
Το those who devise many plans, but are disap
pointed in their fulfilment by some unexpected ac
cident. Τhis proverb suggests another which is
41-49
8 GRΕΕΚ

well known : άλλαι μεν βουλαί ανθρώπων, άλλα δε

Θεός κελεύει.
Ανθρώπου παρακάλεσις ομοιάζει σαν αγγάρεια.-
Τhe entreaties of mαn resemble statute-uork :-
Το those who are obliged to satisfy the demands of
their friends, for fear of censure.
"Αν καθίσης με στραβον, ώς το βράδυ γαλιουρίζεις.-
Ιf you sit uith one uho εφuints, before the even
ing you urill become cat-eyed :-Εvil communica
tions corrupt good manners. Τhe word γαλμου
ρίζω comes from γαλή, a cat, from its looking
crossways.
"Αν κτυπάς με και πονώ, καταρούμαι σε κ' εγώ.-Ιf
3/ou strike αnd hurt me, αί least I may curse you :
-Οne not being able to avenge an injury, may
utter prayers which sometimes seem to be rea
lized, like those of Chryses in the Iliad.
"Αν πέση ο ουρανός !-Ιf the heαυens fall !-Ιroni
cally, to those who are ridiculously timid when
there is nothing to fear.
"Αν σε ζητήση πάλιν κρασίον, σφονδυλιάν δός τον.-Ιf
ήe αsk you for more υίηe, 9ίυe him α blou:-Τhose
who make improper requests incur evil: Αs the
Cyclops, who asked more wine from Ulysses, till
he became drunk, and was struck blind.
"Αν τον γλυκάνης, θα κολληθή ς την ράχην σου.-Ιf
4/ou encourage him, he u'ill stick to your back :-
Ιfyou give one his desires too freely, you will have
difficulty in checking his importunity. What
Τheocr, Idyll. ί. υ. 11, expresses by,
χαλεπον χορίων κύνα γεύσαι.
Α proverbial expression which is also used, as his
Scholiast observes, χαλεπον μαθούσα κύων σκυτο
τραγείν. Αnd Idyll, ιδ. υ. 43 :
3)
Εβα και ταύρος αν' ύλαν.
49-55
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 9

"Αν φταίω 'γω, να σκάσ' ο άνδρας μου και αν φταίη

αυτός, να σκάσ' αυτός.-Ιf Γαm in fault, let mη
ήusband ourst, αnd if the fault is his, let himself
burst :-Το those who are so exceedingly selfish,
that they take not the smallest interest in the wel
fare even of their nearest relations.
Αξίζει ή παλαιόκοττα, σαράντα πωλακίδας.-Τhe
old hen is uorth fort / chickens :-Τhere are ladies
who, although old, are mυre attractive than many
young οnes.
Αξίζει ο ένας για εκατόν, και εκατόν ούτε ένα.- Οne
mαν be ιυorth α ήundred, αηd α hundred not
ιυorth one :-Ιt is in the same sense that this other
proverb is used : ουκ εν τω πολύ το εύ, αλλ' εν τω
ευ το πολύ.-Τhe φuality is not in the quantitψ,
but the φuantity in the guality.
Απ' αγάπη του καλού μου, δεν τον είδ' αν έχη γένεια.
-From the loυe of my beau, I did not obserυe
whether he had α beard:-Ιronically expressive of
the disgust which is felt at the presence of one who
is disagreeable to look upon.
Απέθαν ή πενθερά μου, και πλάτυν' ή γωνιά μου.-
Μη mother-in-lau is dead, αnd my hearth is en
Ιarged :-Used by those who get rid of any ob
stacle or incumbrance.
Απέταξε το πωλίον και δεν γυρίζει.-Τhe oird hatή
.fioum αισαν, ακd comes not θαok :-Εvery one
ought to be watchful of his own concerns, lest he
become a loser by inattention.
Από αγκάθι βγαίνει ρόδον, και από ρόδον βγαίν' αγ
κάθι.-From the thorn springs the rose, αnd from
the rose the thorn :-Τhis proverb is applied, when
we see people of low birth raising themsekves to
eminence, and others of rank having nothing to
boast of besides the names of their ancestors.
56-62 Α 2
10 GRΕΕΚ

Από ζουρλόν και μεθυστήν μανθάνεις την αλήθειαν.-

Εrom the fool αnd drunkard you may learn the
truth :-Regarding the latter the Italians say, Ι!
υϊno ε ίinα mézzα cόrdα.
Αποθαμένου το πουγγί ανάποδα γυρίζει.-Τhe purse
of the dead is turned inside out :-Ιt often hap
pens that the property of the dead is wasted.
Από κακόν χρεωφειλέτην και σακκίον άχυρα καλόν
είναι.-From α ύαd debtor ευen α bag of strαιυ is
ιυorth hαυing.
Αποκρεά την έλεγαν, και ξερό ψωμ' έτρωγαν.-Τhey
ιuere calling it carnίυαι, μήile they were eating dry
ίread:-Το those who, through pride, concealtheir
poverty. -

Απομακρήτερα μωρε την ταγήν.-Fool, keep the corn

farther off:-Αpplied to those who are wise be
Hind hand, and try to correct a fault, when it is
too late, Τhe story is, that a muleteer half.starved
Ιhis mule, and that one day he loaded it so heavily
that it fell down from weakness. Ηe unloaded it,
and in vain tried to compel it to rise: he at last
thought that he would succeed by flattery. So
taking a handful of corn, he held it at a distance
from the animal's mouth, but without success.
Τhe muleteer's comrade knowing his avarice, taunt
ed him with this proverb. Αnother version of
which runs thus : πρώϊμα άγροικε την ταγήν.-
Cloun, you should hαυe gίυen the corn sooner : -
ι. ε. Foresee the evil and provide against it.
"Ατο μήλον ώς αυγόν, να κυρά λουκάνικον.-From an
αpple to an egg, here is α sausαφe, madam :-Το
those who are continually flying from one thing to
another without the least connection.
Από 'μπροσθά κάλλια τον εχθρόν, πάρ' απ' οπίσω.-
Βetter to hαυe the enemy in front than in the
63-69
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 11
rear :-Το those who, under the mask of friend
ship, secretly seek our hurt, and with whom it is
far preferable to come to an open rupture, in order
that, considering them as enemies, we may be on
our guard against them ; also in Εnglish, α fair
Joe is better than α false friend.
Από πέτραν εις λιθάριον-From the rock to the peύ
ble :-Το bad debtors who, under various pretexts,
defer payment from time to time.
Από πικράν κολοκύνθην μήτε κολοκυνθόσπορον.-Οf
α bitter gourd, use not eυen the seed :-Τhe sons
of tyrants and wicked persons ought not to be too
freely trusted.
Από σπανό τρίχα δυσκόλως εβγάζεις.- Υou can
scarcely pull α hαίr from a thin beard :-We can
not derive much advantage from oue who has little
in his power.
Από τα γένεια σοφός.-Ηis urisdom is in his beard :
-Το him who is wise in his own conceit. Τhe
Εnglish say, Τhe wisdom s in the uig.
Από τα καλώς συναγμένα επαίρει ο Διάβολος τα μισά,
με τα κακώς δε και αυτόν τον νοικοκύρην.- Οfuhat
is honestly αequired, the Deυil gets the half, ύut
together uith ill got pelf, he takes also the posses
sor :-Unjust gain gives no advantage,
Από την θύραν η αμαρτία.-Ηe goes urong as soon
αs he enters :-Το those who, as soon as they be
gin to say or do any thing, commit faults.
Από την μάναν ώς την μαμήν εχάθη το παιδίον.-
Βetureen the mother and the miduife the child υαs
lost :-Τo a theft committed between two per
SΟΙ18,

Από την τρίχα κρέμαται.-It hangs by α λαϊr:-

Used when one is observed in great danger. It is
also said: μια τρίχα έλειψε.- Within a hair
69-77
12 CRΕΕΚ

breadth :-Likewise by Τheocr, Ιdyll. ιδ. υ. 9.

- θρίξ ανά μέσσον.

Από την χώραν βγαίν' η κάπα.-Τάε cloαk comes
from the state :-Το governors or judges who, by
receiving presents, enrich themselves at the public
expense.
Απ' ότι φορεί, κλέπτην δεν φοβείται.-From his
dress, he needs not fear the thief:-Το very poor
people.
Από το άλογον , τον γάδαρον.-From the horse to
the ass:-Το those who from a higher situation
willingly descend to a lower.
Από το αυτί κ' εις τον διδάσκαλον,-From the ear to
the nιαster :-Το him who hears a lesson and is
immediately able to repeat it-general application,
no sooner said than done.
Από το Βαγδάτι έρχεται.-Ηe comes from Βagdad
(the ancient Βabylon) :-Το those who are uncon
scious of common domestic occurrences.
Από το γουρούνιον και μια τρίχα καλή είναι.-From
α surine, ευεη α λαϊr is α great deαι :-Τo a miser
ly person who presenting a trifie thinks it of great
value. -

Από το κεφάλι βρωμάει το ψάρι.-From the head

ίhe fish begins to stink :-Τhe chiefs are often to
be blamed for disorders which happen among the
people.
Από το κωπίον εις τον κλήρον.-From the oαr to the
pulpit :-Το those who from low condition unde
servedly arrive at honour and power.
Από τον γάμον έρχομαι, και τρέμω από την πείναν,
-Ιcome from the marriage, αnd αn starυίηg κrith
hunger: -Το those who are invited to a splendid
77-86
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 13

entertainment, and, from a misplaced bashfulness,

eat not according to their appetite.
Από το στόμα του και το θερμόν και το ψυχρόν.-
From his mouth both heat αnd cold :-Το those
who praise and condemn the same things.
Απο χείλι βγαίνει λόγος, και εις χίλιους καταντεύει.
-Τhe uord goes from the lip, αnd passes to thou
sands :-Οne who does not wish a thing to be
known should hold his peace ; for those whom
he least suspects may be the means of publishing
it. - -

Απ' του Διαβόλου την αυλή, μήτ' ερίφι μήτ' αρνί.-

From the Devil's farm, neither kids nor lambs :-
Αll intercourse with the wicked, although appa
rently advantageous, will sooner or later prove pre
judicial.
Αραίαις μάραις, κουκουνάρας και η τρύπιαις ή χου
λιάραις.-Destructive hands, pine apples ακd per
forated spoons :-Τhis string of words, which in
the original has no other connection between the
different parts, than the similarity of terminations,
is applied to designate that sort of conversation
which (on account of the frequent and inconsi
derate change of the subject) has as little import
as the words of the proverb.
Αράπη λoύεις.- Υou wash α negro :-Τhat is, you
try to correct a man who is incorrigible, and there
by lose your labour. -

Αράχνην υφαίνει.-Ηe ueαυes α εpider's ueύ :-

Το those who occupy themselves with trifies.
Αργεί ο Θεός, όμως δεν αλησμονάει.-It is also said, ο
Θεός αργεί, αλλά δεν αλησμονεί.-God delays, but
does not forget:-Τhe wicked shall not pass with
impunity.
Αργυρό το μίλημα, χρυσό το σιώπα-ΙΡiscourse is
14 GRΕΕΚ

silver, silence is gold:-Τhere is greater danger in

saying too much than too little.
"Αρπαξε να φάς, και κλέψε νάχης.-Ρillage to eat,
αnd steal to keep :-Αpplied to those who support
themselves and get rich, by robbery and theft.
Αρχαιότερα της διφθέρας λέγει.-Ηe speaks things
older than parchment :-Το those who relate cir
cumstances of great antiquity. Τhis proverb is
taken from ancient mythology, according to which
it is said, that Jupiter wrote on a skin every occur
rence that took place in the world.
"Ασκοπος ο νούς, διπλούς ο πόνος.-Αn inconsiderate
mϊnd, double labour :-Α wise man, by proper
arrangement in business, is able to perform, with
the greatest ease, what others are totally unable to
accomplish.
"Ας πάγη να κουρεύηται.-Let him go and shear
ήimself:-It is also said, ας κουρεύηται, κ' ας ψα
λιδεύηται.-Let him get himself shorn αnd clipped
ιυίth scissors :-Τhis expression is applied to one
for whom we have no regard, and whom we dis
miss with contempt.
"Ασπρην γνώσιν έχει.-Ηe has α ισήite understand
ίηg :-Μetaphorically applied to one destitute of
ΟΟΙΥΥΥΥΠΟΙΥ SθΙΥSΘ»

"Ασπρον είναι και το χιόνι.-Τhe snou also is white :

-Το persons who are good looking, but of un
couth and disagreeable manners.
"Ασπρος σκύλλος, μαύρος σκύλλος.-Α uhite dog, α
black dog :-Το those who are alike in wicked
ΥΥΘSS,

Αστραπαις βρονταις και αν ακούσης, τα πωλιά σου

μην σ' αφήσης.-If you see ligntning or hear thun
der, αύαndon not your birds :-In cases of danger,
every one should attend to his relations,
94-102
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 15

"Ασχημέ μου και άπρεπέ μου,-και τι να πρωτοφάμεν

βράδυ - Ο my ugly and unbecoming,-but what
shall we commence uith at supper 2-Το persons
whose money is their only merit, their manners
and appearance being much against them.
Αυγά, και όχι πτερά.- Εqgs, αnd not urings :-Το
those who make many promises, but seldom fulfil
them.
Αυτά, και πάλ' αυτά.-Τhe same, αnd αραϊn the
same :-Το those who always repeat the same
things.
Αυτή η πάστρα τον βαστάει!-See what cleanness he
eahibits !-Ιronically to a dirty fellow.
Αυτό πόσα ζυγιάζει ;-Ηouυ much does that ueigh 2
-Used to express extreme rusticity. Τhe origin
of the proverb is this :-Α lady sent her servant
to the post-office to inquire whether there were
any letters for her, Τhere was one, the postage of
which, on account of the distance it had come,
amounted to something considerable. Τhe servant,
afraid of being cheated, commenced an inquiry re
garding the price of letters, and observing one
which had come from the neighbourhood, asked,
Ηouυ much does that cost according to its ueight 2
Αs she was told the price was a penny, she threw
down the money, snatched up the letter, and ran
home to her mistress quite overjoyed and delighted
with her bargain.
Αυτός με την τρελίτσαν του, γεμίζει την κοιλίτσαν
του.-Ηe uith his foolery feeds his belly :-Το
one who plays the buffoon to gain a livelihood.
Αυτός ο καθήμενος, ως στεκόμενος φαίνεται.-Τhat
mαn uhen sitting, seems αs if he uere standing :
-Το those who perform, with ease and expedition,
103-109 «
Ι6 GRΕΕΚ

things which generally require much time and h

bour.
"Αφησε τον γάμων, και τήγε διά κάστανα.-Ηe has
left the marriage, and gone for chesnuts :-Το
those who unseasonably attend to trifies.
Αφορμήν δεν είχαμε, και ο Θεός την έπεμψε.- We
Ααα πιο prείετέ, but God sent one :-Το those who
disingenuously contrive excuses for themselves.
"Αφρακτος ο κήτος, έρημα τα λάχανα.-Α garden
έeing «πεπειοsed, the cabδαges disappear :-Νegli
gence is punished.
Α:ύλακτον ή ατλάτης.-Simplicity unguarded :-
Τhe innocent being often unacquainted with the
snares of the world are liable to fall a prey to man,
as they cannot well know how to provide against
dangers.
Αφύσικος τραγματευτής, καθάρειος διακονάρης.-Α
merchant against nature, is nothing but α beggar :
-Αpplied to those who acquire a fortune, thόugh
not by merit, and whose manners betray their for
mer condition.

Βάζε τ' από το ένα, και βγάλε τ' ατο τ' άλλο.-
Let it go in at the one ear, and out at the other :
-i. e give no attention to what he says. -

Βάλ' αλεύρι, κάμε τήταν.-Κnead meal, απd make α

εαλe:-Το those who pretend not to know how to
accomplish any thing,
Βάλ' αυγά και βούτυρον, και κάμ' ακονοζούμι.-Μίτ
ερρs and outter, ακd make grαυy for sharpening :
109-117
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 17

-Το those who feign excuses for not granting fa

vours. Τhis proverb is said to have sprung from
a soldier who used the expression to a country wo
man, when she refused him refreshment on pretence
that she had nothing to give him.
Βάλε κλειδί , την γλώσσάν σου.-Ρut a key on your
tongue :-ί. e Βeware of communicating secrets.
Τhis caution is beautifully expressed in the follow
1ng verses :
9 Α Λ - Α' Λ' Α - "

Αρρήτων επέων γλώσση σφραγίς επικείσθω,

Κρείσσων γάρ μύθων, ή κτεάνων φυλακή,
Βάλετε κ' εμέν καρφάκι.-Drive α nαil to me also :
-Το persons who foolishly compare themselves
with those who are by far their superiors, Τhis
proverb takes its origin from the fable, according
to which, a frog having seen a farrier shoeing a
Ιnorse, went proudly up to him, and extending its
foot, desired also to be shod.
Βάλε τον λύκον ποιστικόν, και τον σκύλλον δραγάτην.
-Αppoint the urolf for a shepherd, αnd the dog
for α corn-gatherer :-Το those who choose not
good managers of their property. Τhe word ποι
στικός, shepherd, comes from ποιή, grass, because
Ιne conducts the herds in the meadows.
Βάσανος πέτρα.-Τouch-stone :-Το those who ex
amine their own undertakings as well as those of
others, in which they are concerned, and perceive
all the consequences, advantageous and disadvanta
geous, like the touch-stone which distinguishes the
genuine from the spurious. Τhe Αncients had a
proverb to the same effect : λυδία λίθος ελέγξει το
κίβδηλον.
Βασίλη τίμα τον παπά και συ παπά "χε γνώσιν.-
Βαείl respect the priest, αnd you too priest behαυe
μourself:-It is a duty to honour one's superiors,
117-122
Ι8 GRΕΕΚ

but they also ought to conduct themselves properly

towards their inferiors.
Βασιλιάς λογάριον έχει, κ' αν του δώσουν, κ' άλλο θέ
λει.-Τhe king has great treasures, but wishes for
greater, if you u'ill gίυe him them :-In reference
to the covetousness of powerful men.
Βαστάει και ο κρατημένος ακράτητον καμάρι.- Ευen
ήe u ho is in serυίle dependence, mαϊntαϊns ungo
υernable pride :-Small things often produce much
vanity.
Βαφτίζω και μυρόνω, και ζήση και μη ζήση.-Γ bap
tize αnd anoιήt, ιuhether he liυe or not :-Εvery
one should do his duty independently of the conse
φuences.
Βδέλυγμα της ερημώσεως.-Αn object of erecration,
thαί ευcry body shuns:-Αpplicable to the wicked.
Βιβλιοθήκη έμψυχος.-Α liυϊng library :-Persons
who without books can supply their use.
Βοιωτία ύς.-Α Βαοtian sou :-Οne way of desig
nating a stupid fellow. (See farther, Pindar,
Οίμmp. vi, υ. 152, αηd his Scholiast.)
Βουβάλιον αν γηράση, πάλιν εις βοδίου τιμήν είναι.-
Τhe ύuffalo, though old, is still worth an or :-
Το those whose inherent worth renders their old
age equal to the youth of many.
Βσυνδν εγέννησε ποντικών.-Α mountain produced α
mouse :-Το those who make much ado about
nothing.
Βουνον με βουνον δεν ανταμόνεται.-Μountains don't
go to meet each other:-Το those who behave
themselves in such a manner, that the slightest dif
ference will prevent their meeting , as if the one
would never require the assistance of the other.
Βρώμιον όψάριον ορίγανον αγαπάει.-Stinking fish
require wild marjorαm :-Το those plain ladies
τνho need exterior ornaments.
122-132
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 19

Γάδαροι δυό εμάλλοναν , τον ξένον αχυρώνα.-Τιυο

αsses uere quarrelling αί α strange mαnger :-Το
those who unnecessarily trouble themselves, dis
puting about other people's business,
Γαμβρος και νύμφη θέλουν , την πομπήν των συμ
πεθέρων.-Τhe bridegroom and oride oished it,
in spίte of their fathers-in-lau :-Τhose who are
inclined to follow their own will do not listen to
the advice of others.
Γαργαρέει γαργαρεί.-Ηe conjugates the conjunction
γάρ :-Τo a young student who makes no pro
gress in his studies, or an ignoramus. Τhis is the
history of the proverb :-Τhere was in a certain
school a young man, who, notwithstanding his na
tural abilities to learn, in consequence of his arrant
trifling and laziness, was conspicuous for his ig
norance. Τhe Ρrofessor observing this, one day,
to amuse himself, and at the same time to correct
the student, made him the sport of the class, and
asked him what part of speech γάς, was? a verb
-was the learned reply. Οf what conjugation ?
a circumfiex verb of the first. Conjugate it, said
the master.-Τhe young man was going on with
astonishing volubility, till the bursts of laughter
from his companions stopped him in his career.
Ηenceforth he was denominated Μr. Gαrgari,
and the circumstance was so notorious that his
nick-name passed into a proverb.
Γειτόνισσα εκάη το σαήτί σου ! εγώ "χω τα κλειδιά,
-Νeighbour, your house is burnt ! impossible,
Ιhαυe the keys :-Το little minds which placeim
133-136
20 GRΕΕΚ

plicit confidence in things which afford no securi

ty.
Γειτόνισσα, υπήγ' ο άνδρας μου ς τον μύλον να υπαν
δρευθώ, ή να καρτερήσω ;-Νeighbour, my husband
is gone to the mίll, shall Itake αnother, or shall Γ
ιυαίt 2-Το fickle and inconsiderate women.
Γέλα με να σε γελώ, να περώμεν τον καιρόν.-Μακe
game with me, that Ι may make game ιυίth you,
αnd thus let us pass our time :-Το those who
play amusing tricks with each other.
Γελά μωρός , αγέλαστα.-Τhe fool laughs uhere
there is nothing to laugh at :-Αnciently said:
Γελά δ' ο μωρός κ' άν τι μή γελοίον ή.
Γελάς, δέσποτα, κακά γελάς.-Υou laugh, reverend
sίr, you lαugh to your hurt :-Το those who do
not anticipate unpleasant consequences.
Γένεια τρώγουν τα ψάρια.-Τhese fish eat beard -
Το those who in consequence of riches increase in
power. Ηere the fish represents the rich, and the
beard, power , as being the strength of a man.
Για την φωτιάν είν' η συκιά.-Τhat fig-tree is for the
.fire :-Τo a hopeless character.
Γλυκάθ ή γρηά ς τα σύκα, τρώγει και τα συκόφυλ
λα.-Τhe old uomαn relishes figs so much, that
she eats the υery leαυes :-Το one who becomes a
gormandizer,
Γλυκά τάφαγες, πικρά τα χωνεύσεις.-Υou hαυe
eaten them sueetly, you shall digest them bitterly :
-Το those who enjoy temporary pleasure, at the
expense offuture pain. -

Γλυκύτατό μου πράσο, και πώς θα σε ξεχάσω ;-

Μy sueetest leek, αηd hou can Ι forget you 2
Αpplied ironically to those whose self-love makes
136-145
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 21

them imagine that they are beloved, or esteemed

by others, to whom they are indifferent,
Γλυστερός σαν λάδι.-Slippery as oil :-Το him
who knows how to avoid exposing himself to
dangers.
Γουρούνι , το σακκί.-Α pig in α poke :-Αpplied to
an unseen purchase, Τhis proverb originated from
the practice in Greece, during the Μahometan do
minion, ofselling pork in the night-time, which was
done with the greatest secrecy, to avoid giving of
fence to the tyrant,
Γραμμένης φωνής δυνατωτέρα η παρουσία.-Ρresence
is more efficacious than uritten uords.
Γρηά με εν άσπρον εμβήκε ς τον χορόν, έπειτα έδωκε
δύο διά να εκβή, και δεν ήμπόρειε.-Αn old ισoman
entered α dance by paying α penny , αfteruards
she would have gίυen tuto to get out, but she could
not :-Το a person who ought not to entangle
himself in undertakings that are beyond his
strength, lest he be unable to withdraw from
them even with considerable damage,
Γρηάς μαντεύματα, και γέρου παραμύθια.-Αn oία
ισοmαn's prophecies, αnd αn old mαn's tαles :-
Το those who utter idle stories, and talk nothing
but nonsense.
Γρηγορώτερα απ' όλα γηράζ ή χάρις.-Α fαυour
becomes old sooner than any other thing :-Τhis
proverb is derived from the apophthegms of Αris
totle, who, on being asked what becomes soonest
old, answered, α fαυour. Τhe ancients had like
wise the following saying :
Μετά την δόσιν τάχιστα γηράσκει χάρις.
Γρόθους σήμερον, και λόγους αύριον.-Βlous to-dαν,
αnd uords to-morrou :-Το those who begin
145-152
22 GRΕΕΚ

where they should end, andυίce υersα. Τhis pro

verb answers to the following in French: αιι
jourd'huί on se bat, demαϊn on se disputerα. Τhe
whole import is in this sentence of Τhucyd. Lib.
i, S 78: ιόντες τε οι άνθρωποι ες τους πολέμους,
των έργων πρότερον έχονται ά χρήν ύστερον δράν
κακοπαθούντες δε ήδη, των λόγων άπτονται.
Γυμνην την χάριν.-Α ηaked fαυour :-Α favour
should be conferred freely and without ostentation.
Γυμνόν ένα, χίλιοι ενδυμένοι να τον εκδύσουν δεν εμπο
ρούν.-Α thousand dressed men cannot undress α
naked one :-Βecause we can take nothing from
those who have nothing. Τhere is a kindred pas
sage to be found in Ηerodotus, Lib. vii, S 172 :
ουδαμά γάρ αδυνασίης ανάγκη κρέσσων έφυ.

Δανείζου και ξόδευε, την διορίαν μή λησμονήσης.-

Βorrou' αnd spend, but do not forget the day of
payment.
Δανεικό κ' αγύριστο.-Βorrowed and not returned.
-Το one who asks as a loan what people know
Ηe will never return.
Δανεικόν κυρά τ' αλεύρι, δανεικόν και το προζύμι.-
Βorroued, madam, is the flour , borroured also
the leαυen : -Reciprocal accommodation is com
mendable and useful.
Δειλός ο πλούτος.-Wealth is timnid :-Τo the rich
who are frequently influenced by timidity and cow
ardice, lest they should be deprived of their wealth.
152-158
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 23

Αristophαnes also in Ρlut. υ. 203, says:

Δειλότατος έσθ' ο Πλούτος,
and Εuripides in Ρhaniss. υ. 600 :
- δειλόν δ' ο πλούτος, και φιλόψυχον κακόν.
Βαlladas thus addresses gold :
Χρυσε, πάτερ κολάκων, οδύνης και φροντίδος υιέ,
Και το έχειν σε φόβος, και μή έχειν σ' οδύνη.
Δειλότερος της δειλίας.-Μore coιoardly than cou'αν
dice :-Το very great cowards.
Δείξε μας την ράχην σου.-Sheur us your back :-
Ιnstead of, go away, or begone.
Δείπνα πεθερά, κ' έλα να σε ψυλλίσω.-Ταλe your
supper, mother-in-lau, and come that Ι mαι/ catch
gour fieαs :-Το those who are over-anxious to
render services at improper times. -

Δέκα μέτρα, και κόφτε μίαν.-Μeasure ten times,

αnd cut once :-Το those who speak much and
Ιnastily without thinking. Τhe tongue should not
outstrip the thoughts, and every one should free his
conversation from superfluous words.
Δεμένος ο γάδαρος, αναπαυμένος ο νοικοκύρης.- Τhe
αss being tied, the master is αί λίs ease :-Domes
tic security is necessary for comfort.
Δεν αξίζεις τον κόπον να σκύψη τις νά σε πάρη.-
Υou are not uorth the trouble that one should
stoop to pick you up :-Το him who despises little,
and is disappointed in his prospects of greater gain.
Α Spaniard hearing of the abundance of gold to
be found in Μexico, thought he had only to go
thither, and pick up as much as he desired. Αc
cordingly, when he arrived at Vera Cruz, he found
by chance a doublοon on the ground, but confi
dently relying on the wealth which he thought he
158-164
24 GRΕΕΚ

should soon possess, haughtily spurned it away, eja

culating the words of the proverb, which afterwards
passed as a common saying. It is scarcely neces
sary to add, that he had not many opportunities
like that which he rejected.
Δεν εξεύρει να χωρίση δυο γαδάρων άχυρα.-Ηe can
not diυίde strαιυ bείueen turo αsses :-Το extreme
stupidity.
Δεν έχει εις τον ήλιον μοίραν.-Ηe has no share in the
sun :-Το very poor people,
Δεν ηύρες ακόμη τον μαλλιαρόκωλόν σου.- Υou hαυe
not yet found your mαn uίth shαρgy buttocks :-
Το those, who living disorderly, do not think of the
punishment that awaits them. Τhis proverb is
taken from the ancient: ούτω Μελαμπύγω τετύ
χηκας. Τhia, daughter of the Οcean, having two
sons who used to insult passengers, endeavoured to
persuade them not to do so, lest they should fall
into the hands of a certain man with black bμί
tocks, and be punished for their misconduct.
Ηercules meeting them thus employed, tied their
feet together, and threw them over his shoulder,
with their heads reaching below the lion's skin
which he wore, Τhey soon recollected the warn
ing of their mother, and perceived its application ;
whereupon they burst into laughter, and Ηercule
learning the cause of it, untied and dismissed them.
&ee Ζenobίus Αdag, Centur. v, S 10. and Suίdas
under Μελαμπύγου τύχοις.
Δεν λείπ' ο Μάρτης από την σαρακοστήν.-Μαrcή
does not fail to happen during lent :-Το those
who obstinately and without shame intrude them
selves on the society of those who hate them.
Δεν μ' αγαπά ο άνδρας μου, διότι δεν με ματσούκωσε.-
Μy husband does not loυe me, because he has not
164-169
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 25

όeaten me :-Το those who distrust the love of

their friends merely because the expression of it ap
pears at variance with their own ideas of affection.
Ιt is said that in some parts of upper Αlbania, the
wives receive so much maltreatment from their
husbands, that they consider a frequent beating a
sure proof of conjugal aftection, and the absence of
that seasoning, a no less certain sign of cold indif
erence. Α newly married woman being one day
asked by her friends whether her husband loved
her, complained bitterly of his cruelty, as he only
caressed and paid her attention as if she were a
stranger , and bursting into tears, exclaimed,
" Νο ! my husband does not love me, I have not
yet received a single blow from him !"
Διά την απειρίαν εις απορίαν.-Οn αccount of iner
perience in perplerity -Το those who, remaining
in their original ignorance, are perplexed and em
barrassed by a reverse of fortune, to a degreesome
times unfavourable even to their honesty ; an evil
from which a greater portion of knowledge might
happily have preserved them.
Διά το καρφίον χάνει το πέταλον-For the nαil he
ίoses the shoe :-Το those who, for the sake of
trifies, incur great losses.
Διά το μχε-- ε--ε--ε, εχάσαμεν το χι--χι --χί.
-Vulgarly for the following : διά τήν βληχήν και
ο χρεμετισμός απέδρα.-For the bίeating ue hαυe
Lost the neighing :-Το those who to save a little
lose a great deal; as the Εnglish say, Το εαυe αί
the spίgot αnd let out αί the bung-hole.-or
Ρenny ισise, pound foolish.-Οr to thieves, who
attempting to steal little, often lose much. Τhe
origin of the proverb in question is this:-Α
peasant went one day on horseback to steal α
169-172
26 GRΕΕΚ

sheep, and approaching a fold where the sheep

were enclosed, tied his horse to the hedge and en
tered. When the dogs began to bark, he, fearing
lest he might be caught by the shepherds, fied
in haste on foot, not having time to release his
Horse. Οn his return home, his wife asked why
Ιne had walked, and what he had done with his
horse ? Imitating the baa-ing of a sheep and the
neighing of a horse, he replied ; that in striving
to gain the former, he had lost the latter."
Διά τον πόνον του βωδιού, γλείφ' ο λύκος τον ζυγόν
Ρor the sake of the oa, the ισοίflicks the yoke :-
Το those who flatter others in order to gain their own
ends; as for instance, he who wishes to marry the
daughter flatters the parents, and the hungry guest
pays court to the master of the feast.
Διάφορον κεφαλωτόν, και ζημία ολοστρόγγυλη.-
Οr what in ancient Greek would be expressed
thus :-κωνοειδές το έρμαιον, στρογγύλη δ' ή ζημία.
- What Ι ήαυe found is comical, but uhat Ι lost
τυαs round :-Τhis proverb has its origin from the
following anecdote:-Α carrier on a journey lost
a horse-shoe , as he went along he saw on the
ground a nail that had been thrown away, which
he picked up and shewed to his comrades, saying
to them with a laugh : " Α conical advantage and
a round loss." Conίcal being the form of horse
shoe nails; and horse-shoes in Greece, being made
round, and not, as in other countries, in the shape
of a crescent.
Διδάσκαλε που δίδασκες, και νόμον δεν εκράτεις !-Α
fine moralist, uho teachest, αnd dost not keep the
Ιαιυ /-Το those who recommend duties to others
which they do not practise themselves. Similar
172-175
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 27
to this is the ancient Greek maxim :

"Απαντες εσμέν εις το νουθετείν σοφοί,

Αυτοί δ' αμαρτάνοντες ου γιγνώσκομεν.
Δίδει ο Θεός ψωμίον, χρειάζετ' όμως και κωλόσυρμα.-
God gίυes bread, but we must creep αlong ourselves
αlso :-Το lazy people who absurdly expect food
from God, without using any exertions to obtain or
secure it. The proverb is taken from the following
tradition :-Α simple man who had often heard an
impostor preaching to the multitude for his own
profit, on his advising them to distribute their mo
ney freely, and God would support them, without
their even giving themselves the trouble of work
ing, quitted his residence, and retired to a desert
ed spot, where he remained two days fasting, in
the hope that God would send him some food.
Οn the third day he saw by chance, a great many
Inorses passing at a distance on the highway, laden
with baskets of bread for the camp which was near
at hand. Α loaf falling from the last horse, after
all had passed, the man, being weak, dragged him
self along the ground in a sitting posture, and tak
ing precautions to avoid being seen, reached the
place where the loaf had fallen, and having seized
it, began to eat, saying often , " Υes, truly ! God
gives bread, but we must also drag our bodies a
long to take it." Τhe German say : Gott giebt
den ochsen, αύer nicht by den harnern.
Διεσκορπίσθησαν ώσάν του λαγού τα παιδιά.- Τhey
ιuere scattered like the young of’ α λαre :-Το
brethren who are widely separated from one ano
ther. It is said that the hare makes her young feed
apart.
Δισκάριον διπρόσωπον.-Α double faced Τμοίt :-Το
175-178
28 GRΕΕΚ

those who conceal a hostile disposition under a fair

exterior , which Ηomer had in view when he put
the following verses into the mouth of Αchilles :
(Ιliad, ix, υ. 812.)
Εχθρός γάρ μοι κείνος, όμως αίδαo πύλησιν,
"Ος χ' έτερον μεν κεύθει ενι φρεσιν, άλλο δε βάζει,

Βhocylides also says, in admonition :

Μήθ' έτερον κεύθοις κραδίη νόον, άλλ' αγορεύων
Πάσιν δ' απλόος ίσθι, τα δ' εκ ψυχής αγόρευε.
Δίς παιδιά οι γέροντες.-Οld men ανe tιοίce chil
dren :-Το those in whom the imbecility, fre
quently attendant upon old age, has reduced the
mental powers to the same state as during the pe
riod ofinfancybefore the mind has acquired strength,
knowledge, and experience, Αristophαnes, Νubes,
υ. 1404. says also,
Φήσεις νομίζεσθαι σύ παιδός τούτο τούργον είναι ;
Εγώ δε γ' αντείποιμ' αν ώς δις παίδες οι γέροντες,
Δός κ' εμέ, και το παιδί μου, είναι κ' άνδρας μου ς
την θύραν.-Gίυe to me αnd my child, my ήus
υαnd is also at the door :-Το those poor people,
who, the more you give them, become the more
importunate; and as one want is satisfied, ima
gine another. Αlso to those who exhaust the pa
tience and benevolence of their friends, by their
imprudence and rapacity.
Δός με καιρόν, δίδεις ζωήν.-Give me time, you 9ίυe
me life :-Αpplied to a particular portion of time
upon which often depend the greatest emergen
178-181
 ΡRovΕRΒS. 29

cies, Τhe effects of time in general are quite the

contrary, for as Simonίdes says :
Χρόνος οξύς οδόντας
Και πάντα ψήχει και τα βιαιότατα.
Δός με κυρα τον άνδρα σου, και συ κράτει τον κόπα
νον.- Gίυe me your husband, mαdam, αηd keep
Jou the pestle :-Το persons who without shame
or discretion ask from their friends what is most
necessary to them.
Δός τον πήγανον, δια να μη βασκανθή.-Gίυe him
some rue, lest he be beuritched :-Ιronically, to
persons who are always apprehensive of evil. For
rue, according to the popular notion, is an infal
lible protection against witchcraft.
Δώς τον ψωμίον, και ξυλιαις έπειτα.- Give him
ύread, απd αfter that the scourge :-Τhat is, give
a man what is sufficient, and if he still importunes
you for more, you may then justly reproach him
with his greediness.
Δούλευε με κακορροίζικε, μη γενώ σαν και σένα.-
ΑSerυe me poor u'retch, lest Ι become like you :-
Αtaunt to those who are so oppressed with po
verty that they are glad to serve others without
any pay but their food.
Δύνασαι δεν δύνασαι, κάν τομμάτιόν σου άγριον.-Υou
can or you cannot, αί least put on α.fierce look :-
We should not be pusillanimous, and allow our
selves to be frightened by threatening emergencies,
for even the weak, by shewing a little courage and
greatness of mind, may weather the storm that as
sails them.
Δυο αδελφοί εμάλλοναν, και δυο τρελοί έχαιραν.-
Τιυο brothers were quarrelling, αηd turo fools
τυere rejoicing αι έt:-Α good lesson to those who
are prone to anger, which is generally a loss to
181-187
30 CiRΕΕΚ
themselves, while it is a subject of rejoicing to the ψ.

foolish and the wicked ; who, as the Εnglish pro

verb says, " love to fish in troubled waters."
Δυο αδελφοί ένας κορμός.-Τιυο brothers αne one
trunk :-Denoting that they should mutually
strengthen and support each other, which Χε-.
nophon, Μem. Lib. Β', C. Γ', S 19. expresses thus :
αδελφώ φίλω όντε, και πολύ διεστώτε, πράττε
τον άμα τα επ' ωφελεία αλλήλοιν.
Δυο ασκιά, και όποιον στάση.-Τιυο leather-bottles,
αnd uhich of them will burst :-Το those who
dispute warmly with one another, or to those who
are indifferent with respect to the interests ofothers.
Δυο λαγούς αν κυνηγάς, κ οι δυο θε να σε φύγουν.-
Ιf you pursue tuo hares, both will escape from
ψou :-Το those who are distracted by a multi
plicity of pursuits, which precludes the possibility
of giving that attention to any one of them which
is necessary to success. Τhe ancients expressed the
same sentiment thus :

Ο δύω πτώκας διώκων ουδέτερον καταλαμβάνει.

which in modern Greek would be :

Ο κυνηγών δύο λαγούς, ουδε καν ένα πιάνει.

Δυο όψάρια εις εν τηγάνιον τηγανίζονται, και εν το
άλλον Ά πιστεύει.-Τιυο fish ατe fried in the
same pan, αnd the one does not belieυe the other :
-Το those selfish persons who suffer the same
misfortunes as others, but believe only their own.
Δυο χειμoνικά εις μιαν μασχάλην δεν βαστούνται.-
Τιυο μαϊer-melons cαmnot be carried under one
αrm :-Οf very difficult things, one of which is
enough at a time to do well.
Δώς πλούτη, δίδεις γνώσιν δώς πτωχείαν, δίδεις τρέ
λαν.- Gίυe riches, you give sense ; 9ίυe poυertψ,
187-193
 ΙΡΙRΟVΕRΒS. 31

ψou give folly :-Τhis proverb is very just as re

gards the superficial judgment of the multitude,
and the selfish conduct of the worldly. It is easy
for the rich man to obtain the reputation of wis
dom, and the observance due to it ; while he who
is poor, if he escape the imputation of folly, is still
exposed to indifierence and neglect.

Εάν χωλό παροικήσης, χωλαίνειν μαθήση.-If you

sit doun uith α lame mαn, you u'ill learn to halt :
-Α lesson to those who keep bad company , shew
ing that we naturally acquire the habits of those
with whom we associate. Τhe French say : dis
moι φuί tu hantes, je te dirαι φuί tu es.
Εβραίκα μ' όμιλεί-Ηe is speaking Ηebreu to me :
-Used emphatically to express what appears to
us unintelligible, Τhe French likewise say : c' est
du grec pour moι.
Εβραίος χρεωκόπος τα παλαιά κατάστιχα γυρεύει.-
Α bankrupt Jeu searches his old ασcounts :-Το
a miser, who after suffering some loss, endeavours
to find resources where none exist.
Εβραίου λογαριασμούς φέρει.-Ηe brings α Jeu's
αccount :-Τhat is, he makes an exorbitant charge.
Ιn the same sense they say in France : c'est un
compte d' αpothicαίre.
"Εγγιξε το μαχαίρι , το κόκκαλον-Τhe knife hαε
touched the bone :-Οf a serious injury, which
coming closely home to a man, is scarcely to be
forgiven or forgotten.
193-198
 32 GRΕΕΚ

Εγώ δεν είμαι πολυφαγάς, αλλά παραπονιάρης.-Ι

αm no glutton, but α grouler.-Το those who feel
discontented, from being deprived of what belongs
to them. - -

Εγώ να μη σε δίδω, και ο κόσμος ας λέν.-Τhough Ι

gίυe you nothing, let the world sαμ Ι do :-Το
those who boast of pretended deeds of charity, with
the mean desire of gaining a false reputation a
rmong men.
Εγώ τον λέγω, είμαι ευνούχος αυτός δε μ' ερωτάει,
πόσα παιδιά έχω.-Ι έell him Ι am an eunuch,
αnd he asks me hou many children I hαυe :-Το
those who ask impertinent questions, and perpetu
ally return to the charge, after being made distinct
ly to understand that their curiosity cannot be
gratified.
Είδε τον τάφον της μητρυιάς και κλαίει.-Ηe has
seen his step-mother's grαυe, αnd he ueeps :-Το
those who feign grief which they do not feel.
Είη μοι τα μεταξύ Κορίνθου και Σικυώνος.-Βe mine
uhateυer is betureen Corintή αnd Sίcyon :-Τhis
proverb comes from the ancients, and applies to
those who long to be rich.
Είναι αψής και ράθυμος σαν τον ημίονον.-Ηe is.fierg,
ακd irritable like α mule :-Τhe Greeks say also,
είναι σαν την ίσκα (or το έναυσμα.)-Ηe is like
tinder,
Είναι βέβηλος.- Ηe is profane :-Τhat is, he is not
in the secret; alluding to the sacred mysteries of
antiquity which were kept secret from the vulgar.
Είναι και άσπρα και μαύρα γέλοια.-Τhere is both
ιuhite αnd black laughter :-Οur frame is so con
stituted, that even when overwhelmed with grief,
something may be seen or heard, irresistibly ex
citing us to laughter. Οn one occasion, a family
199-206
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 33

in Greece were in a state of deep mourning for the

recent loss of a father. Α lady came to console
them, and had scarcely entered the room, when,
while busied in taking off her cloak, her wide pan
taloons became loose and fell to the floor, and
getting entangled with her legs, brought her to the
ground. Αt this sight an irrepressible desire to
laugh seized all who were present.
Είναι τετραδογεννημένος.-Ηe uαs born on Wednes
dαν :-Το those who being born of noble and gen
teel parents, are, by a reverse of fortune, reduced to
serve others. We still retain, as is seen by this pro
verb, what is said of the birth of Ηercules, who,
in consequence ofits having happened on that day,
was doomed to serve others, be subject to them,
and perform such labours as were enjoined him.
Είναι φτωχό τ' αρνί, έχει δε πλατείαν ουράν.-Τhe
sheep is lean, but it has α broad tail :-Το a per
son of slender information, but of vast pretensions.
Είπαν τον ζουρλόν να χέση, εκάθισε κ' εξεκολώβη.-Α
fool ισαs told to αnd he sat doun and pro
sented his posteriors :-Το those who, under the
name of doing what they are bid, do what amounts
to something very different, from the manner in
which they go about it.
Είπεν ο γαϊδαρος τον πετεινό, κεφαλά.- Τhe αss sαια
to the cock, big head: -Το those who are blind to
their own defects, however great, but ingenious in
detecting the smallest faults in others,
Εις δύο σύντεκνε την ελαίαν.- God-father cut the olice
έη tuo :-Τo a voracious eater. ( Vide Σ under
Σύντεκνε.)
Εις ζωγραφημένα δένδρα ξεχνάται.-Ηe forgets him
self αήmong painted trees :-Το those who from ab
206-212 Β 2
 34 GRΕΕΚ

sence of mind, are betrayed into any serious breach

of decorum in the presence of those whom they
ought to respect. Τhe history of the proverb is as
follows: Α man of this character happened to be
in the company of a brilliant party of ladies, Τhe
drawing-room where they sat was hung round with
a numerous assortment of paintings representing
trees, mountains, lawns, and the whole variety of
rural scenery. Μusing upon these he so far for
got his situation as to imagine himself alone, and
being visited by the calls of nature, proceeded,
without quitting the spot, to obey them. This
Ιnappened in a country to the north of Εurope, and
Βeing told in Greece by a person who was μresent,
gave rise to the proverb.
Ες Θεός, και πολλοί φίλοι.- Οne God, αηd mαny
friends :-Τhough our ultimate dependence should
be on God, that does not supersede the cultivation of
inuman friendship, which is the established medium
through which many blessings are conferred.
Εις κρεμασμένου οίκον σχοινί μή μελετήσης.-Don't
mention α rope, in the house of him uho has been
λαnged :-In conversation we should avoid those
topics that may excite painful recollections in any
who are present, particularly as to any thing dis
bonourable in the history of their family.
Εις μικρόν πόδιον υπόδημα μέγα.-Α large boot to α
small foot :-Το orators who magnify what is in
its sature trifling.
Εις νόμoν κοιλίας.-Τhis proverb depending upon a
pun does not admit of translation. Τhe pun is
upon the word ηλικίας (αφe) converting it into
κοιλίας (ύelly). Using the proper word, thephrase
would denote that a person had reached his majori
ν
ty, but the pun conveys the idea that he had come
212-216
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 35

to the age when the laws give him power to eat

what he likes. It is applied to epicures.
Ει, ξένον κρασί, νερον μή βάλης.-Ρut no μαίεr into
αnother's urine -Το those who officiously inter
fere with the affairs of others.
Εις όποιον το ολίγον δεν είναι ικανόν, εις τούτον ουδέν
ικανόν.- Το whomsoeuer α little is not sufficient, to
λίrn nothing will be sufficient :-Το those who are
dissatisfied with their actual circumstances ; inti
mating that the fault lies in the state of their own
minds, which no external change could remedy.
Ιt points particularly to the endless cravings of am -
bition.
Εις ταλαβόν και κολοβόν, μόν' ο λάκκος ό τι κάμη.-
Ρονα fool αnd α maimed person, the gναυe alone
can do αny thing -Το those who are past all
Ιnopes of amendment.
Εις πολλούς σακίoν μη λύσης.-Don't open yourpurse
before mαny :-i. e Don't make a present to any
individual in a company, while the rest are looking
ΟΥι»

Εις σκύλλου το προσκέφαλον ψωμί δεν ξημερόνει.-

Under α dog's pillou, breαd does not see the dαμ
ίigλt :-Το great eaters.
Εις στείραν γην στείρει.-Ηe sous on α barren soil :
-Τo the ungrateful who make no return for the
favours conferred on them.
Εις την αβροχίαν (or ς την αναβροχια) καλό "ν και
το χαλάζι.-Ιn drought eυen hαίl is good:-Το
those who being in extreme distress areglad to pro
cure relief even by a considerable sacrifice.
Εις την θύραν στέκεις, δείξέ μας την πτέρναν σου.-
Υou sίαnd αίthe door, sheuυ μs your heels :-Το
those who have an opportunity of escaping from
danger. Τhe expression is borrowed from the cir
216-224
36 GRΕΕΚ *

cumstance, that a person in rapid flight throws out

his heels alternately, thus presenting them in quick
succession to the eyes of his pursuers. It may also
apply to those who intrude themselves upon others,
who, not desiring their company, would be better
pleased to see them withdraw.
Εις τον καθένα τα δικά του είναι ώμορφα.-Το eυery
one uhat belongs to himself is beautiful :-Τo the
νain and conceited, whose self-love clothes what
ever they possess with fanciful embellishments.
Εις το πέραν βρέχει.-Ιt rains on the opposite side :
-Τauntingly to those who pretend not to under
stand you.
Εις το πιθάρι την κεραμείαν.-Ηe commences the pot
έery ανf bνα large jar :-Το those who attempt
what is great without having gone through a pre
vious training by performing things of a simple
kind. Τhe ancients expressed it thus : εν πίθω την
κεραμείαν.
Εις τους Γύφτους για πρόζυμα.-Ηe asks leαυen from
Οίpsies :-It is foolish to ask favours of men of a
niggardly mind. Τhe Gipsies are considered so by
the Greeks, and hence the proverb.
Εις τους κακούς όλοι χρεωστούν.-Ευery oody is in
deύted to the wicked :-viz. for injuries.
Εις τους κακούς τρίσκακα.-Τo the ιυίcked, misfor
ίunes come triple :-Εxpressive of those overwhelm
ing judgments which frequently combine to crush
the wicked.
Εις τους μικρούς μικρά δίδει ο Θεός.-Το little men,
God giυes little things : -Το those who betray a
childish joy on the reception of trifles.
Εις του ταπεινού τον κώλον παραχειμάζουν Δαίμονες.
-Deυίls urinter at the back of the humύle :-Το
a bad man who euvelopes his real character in a
garb of humility,
224-232
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 37

Εις των τυφλών την χώραν, μονόφθαλμος ο Κυβερνή

της.-Ιn the country of the blind, the ruler mαν όe
blind of an eye :-Κnowledge is entirely compara
tive, and a man of very partial information may
gain the admiration of those who are totally igno
rant. Τhe French also say : dans le pαψs des
αυeugles les borgnes sont rois.
Είχαμεν τον σκύλλον, κ' εβοήθει τον λύκον.- We kept
α dog, αnd he assisted the ισοίf:-Τo a bad ser
vant, who, being trusted as a faithful friend to the
family, forms a secret combination with the ene
mies of his master to facilitate his ruin.
Είχεν ο φρόνιμος χουλιάρι, έτρωγε και ο τρελός με
τούτο.- Τhe uise mαn hαd α spoon, αηd the fool
αlso ate uith it :-Το those who allow their pro
perty to be used by unworthy men, who embezzle
the profits, and grow rich at their expense.
Εκάκισεν ο βάκκακας, κ' η λίμνη δεν το ξεύρει.-Τhe
Jfrog.fieu into α passion, αηd the pond kneu nothing
αbout it :-Το insignificant men whose expressions
of wrath are disregarded by their superiors. Οr to
those whose importance exists in their own imagi
nation only, as the fly upon the chariot-wheel :
** Ο what a dust I make.''
"Εκαμε κ' η κακή χώρα σιτάρι.-Τhe barren country
λαs αt last produced grαιη :-Το those who after
much wilful perversity are at last reclaimed.
Εκυλίσθ' ή χύτρα, κ' ηύρε το σκέπασμά της.-Τhe
pot uhile rolling, fell in uith the coυer :-Το those
who concur in their sentiments.
"Ελα παππού, να σε δείξω τα γονικά σου.-Come,
grand-papα, till I sheu, you your αηcestors : -Το
young impertinent prattlers who presume to teach
their seniors what they know much better than
themselves.
233-239
38 GRΕΕΚ

"Ελα συ τρεμάμενε, εις εμέ τόν ριγατσάρην,-Come

3/ou trembling, to me ιυλο αn shίυering :-Το
those who experience similar accidents.
Ελάτε σκυλιά, και αλέσατε, και αλεστικά μή δόσεσε.
-Come dogs, αnd grind, αnd pay nothing for the
mill :-Τo a house in great disorder,
"Ελαχες το Μ.- Υou hαυe draun the letter Μ.-as
it were from a lottery :-Εnigmatically to a fool,
the word μωρός, which signifies α fool, beginning
with that letter.
Ελευθέρα Κέρκυρα, χέζε όπου θέλεις.-Free Corfu,
-tehere you please :-Το those who confound li
berty with anarchy and unbridled licentiousness,
Τhe grossness of the expression forbids a verbal
translation.
"Εμαθε γυμνός, κ' εντρέπετ' ενδυμένος.-Ηe is accus
tomed to be naked, αηd is αshamed to be clothed.
-Το those who prefer old customs, however awk
ward, to all modern improvements.
"Εμβα εις τά Γυφτόπουλα, και διάλεξε τ' ασπρότερον.
-Go to the Gipsy-children, αηd choose the uhίt
est:-When all is bad, whatever a person chooses
must of necessity be bad.
Εμείς ψωμί δεν έχομεν, και η γάτα σήτα σύρνει.-
We hαυe notbread to eat, ιuhile the cat drags αισαν
the pιe -Το ill-placed profusion, productive e
qually of want and waste.
Ενάγων εναγόμ Τhe α is the --

Το a guilty person who accuses other people,

"Ενας ζουρλός ρίχνει την πέτραν εις το πηγάδι, και
εκατόν φρόνιμοι δεν την εκβάλλουν.-Οne fooί
throu's α είone into the uell, αηd α thousand uυise
men cannot tαίie it out :-Τhe slightest impolicy
sometimes gives birth to evils which no subsequent
measures, however wisely conducted, can remedy.
240-248
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 39

"Ενας φρόνιμος υπέρ χιλίους άφρονας.-Οne uise mαn

is worth more thακ α thousand fools :-which
Ριαto in Gorgίαs, S 44, expresses thus : Εις φρο
νών μυρίων μη φρονούντων κρείττων εστί.
Εν όσω να εκστολισθή η νύμφη, του γαμβρου τα μάτια
εκβήκαν.-Whilst the bride made her toilet, the
eyes of the bridegroom uere sίαrting from their
sockets :-Το those who delay, and to those who
are impatient or eager in expectation.
Εντροπαλός σαν ο χοίρος.-Βαshful αs α ήog :-
Ιronically of a man who has no shame.
"Εξ' αρνί, και μέσα λύκος.-Εrternally α sheep,
internally α ισοίf:-Αs the Εnglish adage, " Α
wolf in sheep's clothing." See Μαth. vii, υ, 15.
Εξεπερδίκιασεν.-Εscaped like α partridge :-Τhat
he extricated himself, as a partridge skilfully eludes
the fowler.
Εξεύρ ο Θεός τί δένδρον μαραίνει.-God knous uhat
tree he causes to fade :-Τhat the dispensations of
Ρrovidence come by knowledge, and not by chance ;
and, whether as punishment or discipline, are just
and wise.
Εξεύρω τί θέλει πάλιν σύκα θέλει.-Γknou uhat it
uishes for , it uishes figs agαιη :-Το those who
dread a repetition of the dangers they have already
suffered by. Τhe proverb tookits origin from the
following tradition : Α Sicilian merchant having
gone to sea with a cargo of figs, was wrecked, and
with difficulty preserved his life by swimming to
the shore, where he sat down upon a stone. Αf
terwards, perceiving the sea calm, and suspecting its
smoothness to be a deceitful temptation, he said to
those who had also saved themselves from the wreck,
" I know what it wishes, it wishes figs again."
Τhe proverb is similar to the 49th fable of ΑΕsop.
249-255
 40 Ο RΕΕΚ

Εξηνταβελόνης είναι.-Ηe is α sirteen-needler :-

Τo a miser. From the modern Greek comedy by
ΟΕconomos, of this name, which it derives from
that of its hero, whose petty avarice is thus indi
eated. Αs in France since the time of Μoliere, to
call any one a Τartufe, presents a more distinct
image to the mind than the general term, hypo
crite. Τhe ancients expressed the same meaning
by the term κυμινοπρίστης. Τheocr, also says, in
Ιdyll. ί, υ. 54-55 : -

Κάλλιον ώ πιμελητά φιλάργυρε τώς φακός έψειν

Μή πιτάμης τάν χείρα καταπρίων το κύμινον,
"Εξω από το κεφάλι μου, ας ήναι και τ' αδελφού μου,
-If I sαυe my oun head, I do not care eυen for
my brother's -Το those who are so exclusively
selfish, as not even to feel for the misfortunes of
their own relations,
"Εξω απ' τα κακά, εύκολαις συμβουλίαις.-Οut of
ευίls, αdυίce is easy :-Το those who, meeting with
no difficulties themselves, presume to give directions
for their conduct to those who do. Τhe same sen
timent occurs in ΔΕschylus, Prometh. υ. 263.
Ελαφρόν, όστις πημάτων έξω πόδα
"Εχει, παραινείν νουθετείν τε τους κακώς
Πράσσοντας,
8hakspeare also, in Μucή Αdo Αbout Νotλιng,
act 5, scene 1,

"Τis all men's office to speak patience

Το those that wring under the load of sorrow ;
Βut no man's virtue, nor sufficiency,
Τo be so moral, when he shall endure
Τhe like himself:-
256-258
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 4Ι

"Εξω του χορού πολλά τραγούδια λέγει.- Οut of the

αssembly, he gίυes many songs:-Το those who
boast out of season and place ; or to those who,
really possessing useful and agreeable talents, ne
glect the proper occasions for their exercise ; and
obtrude them without being desired, where they
are unsuitable, Αnother reading is : όπ' είν' απ'
έξω του χορού, πολλά τραγούδια ξεύρει.-Ηe uho
is out of the company, cάη sing mαny songs.
"Επαθε και έμαθε.-Ηe has suffered αηd learned:-
Which the ancients conveyed by παθήματα, μαθή
ματα. Τhis recalls the adage; ηua nocent, do
cent, to which we may add what Τhucyd, says,
Είύ, ά, S 18, μετά κινδύνων τάς μελέτας ποιού
μενοι. and Shaksp. Αs Υou Like It, act 2,
scene 1, Sueet are the uses of adversity,
"Επαθε του λιναριού τα πάθη.-Ηe has suffered the
sufferings of lint :-Το one who has suffered
much ; lint, in the process of preparation for the
purposes of manufacture, being very roughly han
dled.
Επάν' αυγό ς την μήτην του ζητεί να 'πιστηρίξη.-
Ηe tries to support αη egg upon his nose :-Το
one who thinks himself capable of every achieve
ment, and who pronounces all that has been done
by others to be easily performed. Τhe proverb
is said to be derived from the pleasant illustration
by which Christopher Columbus, in a familiar
manner, level to every capacity, exposed the folly
and presumption of his enemies, who wishing to
depreciate his merit as the discoverer of Αmerica,
said that it was nothing extraordinary, and that
each of them could have done the same. Αt a
great feast where several of these persons were pre
sent, Columbus, taking an egg, asked, who could
make it stand upon his nose. Εach tried, but to
259-262'
42 GRΕΕΚ

no purpose, as may be supposed ; when he, breaking

it, easily stuck it on, Αll then exclaimed, "We
can do so likewise ; what difficulty is there in it?"
" Τrue," replied the great navigator, " you can do
it, now that I have shewn you the example."
Επάνω εις την χαράν και ο χαρτολόγος.-Τhe ηup
fίαls,-αnd lo ! the tαα-gatherer !-Το unexpected
misfortunes which are aggravated by coming in the
very season dedicated to happiness.
"Επαρε κεφάλι, βάρει τοίχον.- Ταλe α head, αnd beat
α μιαll :-Το those who are so stupid, that their
heads being no better than stones, are represented
as fit for nothing but to beat walls.
"Επαρέ με όταν μ' εύρης, διά νά μ' έχης, όταν θέλης.
- Ταλe me uhen you find me, that you may hαυe
me tohen you urish :-Τhat we should not rely too
implicitly upon present prosperity, thereby neglect
ing to make a seasonable (not an avaricious) pro
vision against future exigencies : but should rather
imitate the ant and the bee, who, out of the abun
dance of summer, lay up stores to compensate the
sterility of winter.
Επάσχασ' ο καλόγηρος, κουκιά του μαγειρεύουν.-
Τhe Μonk hαυϊng obserυed Εαster, returns to
ήis beans:-Το those who having observed, as
well as they are able, the duties or ceremonies en
joined them, return well satisfied to their usual
habits.
"Επεσε το λάδι ς την φακήν.-Τhe oilhas fallen into
the lentil soup :-Ιn raillery, to one who has sus
tained a trifiing loss. Οlive oil is in Greece an
article of the greatest nse, and employed as butter
is in other countries, especially in the time of
Lent. Lentils require a great deal; and therefore
the oil falling into the soup, of which it was a ne
262-267
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 43

cessary and important ingredient, could not occa

sion any great loss. Ηence the proverb.
"Επιασεν η γάτα τον ποντικόν.-Τhe cat has caught
the mouse :-Το those who sufier justly. Τhe cat
generally catches the mouse while committing de
predations.
"Επιασε το χέλιον από την ουράν.-Ηe has caught
the eel by the tail :-Το those who lose their time
in pursuit of objects, which, from their nature, it
is almost impossible to retain , or who vainly en
deavour to convince by argument, or improve by
admonition, those whom sophistry or cunning en
ables to elude them.
"Επραξας βοώπις "Ηρα !- Υou λαυe done it or-eyed
μno !-Αpplicable to those wives who sooner
or later accomplish their own wishes in spite of the
opposition of their husbands. It takes its origin
from the apostrophe of Jupiter to Juno, when she
had excited Αchilles against the Τrojans, whom he
favoured. (Πιάd, Σ. υ. 357.)
"Επρηξας και έπειτα βοώπις πότνια "Ηρη.
Ερμηνεύει το πωλίoν την κότταν.-Τhe chicken gives
αdυίce to the hen :-Τo the young and forward,
who in their pertness and ignorance, pretend to
instruct the experienced and advanced in life.
"Εσπασε τα πόδια του, κ' ερωτά τους άλλους αν τους
τονή.-Ηe has broken his legs, αnd asks others if'
they feelαny pαιη :-Το men who, while conscious
of the derangement of their own affairs, hope to
escape observation by an affected interest in those
of others, and assuming airs of patronage and pro
tection.
"Εσπειρε σιτάρι, κ' εφύτρωσε κριθάρι.-Ηe soured
ιuheat, αηd barley sprung up :-Τhat the inten
tion is not always to be judged of by the result;
267-273
44 GRΕΕΚ

since well-advised proceedings are not always at

tended with success,
"Εσυβ' ο κλέπτης την φωνήν να φύγη ο νοικοκύρης.-
Τhe thief raised his υoice to make the owner fiy :
-Το those who cry out first when they have com
mitted an injury , and by assuming an appear
ance of innocence and indignation, endeavour to
frighten and prevent the sufferer from making an
aCCuSat1Οn.

Εσύ το καταύφι, κ' εγώ μηδε ψωμί αρμένικο.-Υou

έhe rich cαλe, αnd Ι not eυen black bread.-
Καταύφι, probably from κατά υφην, like α tis
sue, is a cake made of pastry resembling very small
vermicelli interlaced, and which forms a real tis
sue. Αt Constantinople they excel in this species
of pastry. . Ψωμι αρμένικο, is a kind of very coarse
black bread, which is called Αrmenian bread, by
what relation to that people I do not know. Οr
perhaps it takes its etymology from the word άρμε
νον participle of άρω for αρμόδιον, conυenient, ne
cessary. Τhe application of the proverb is to
those who are rich and live in abundance, while
others have not the necessaries of life. Τhis senti
ment Τheocr, expresses thus, Idyll. Ι. υ. 13:
Εκ πίθω αντλείς δήλον εγώ δ' έχω ουδ' άλις όξος.
Ευγενή εφώναξαν, και ο μη έχων απελογήθη.- Τhey
called α noble, αηd ke uho was not one, αρologiz
ed :-Το vulgar rich people who assume nobility,
in the hope that some at least will be deceived.
Ευγενής εκ βαλαντίου-Νoble by his purse :-Το
those whose riches procure them the honour due
to rank, talent, or virtue.
Εύκαιρον μανδρίον, γεμάτον λύκους.-Αn empty foid
filled with wolves :-Τhat is, empty as regards its
273-278
 ΡRovΕRΒs. 45
proper occupants, and filled with thieves and mur
derers; as in times of anarchy, when the good and
peaceable are displaced by the wicked and violent.
Ευχήν εις τον γείτονά σου νάχη, περισσότερον δε εις την
χύτραν σου.-Wish that your neighbour may
hαυε, but urish more that your oun pot may
ύoil :-" Οne word for your friend, and two for
yourself." It is a good thing to have a rich and
generous neighbour , but it is still better for your
respectability and independence, to exert yourself,
that you may not need his assistance,
'Εφάγαμεν τον γαείδαρον, μάς έμειν' η ουρά του.-
We hαυe eaten the u hole αss, there is but his tail
nou :-When we have by energy and persever
ance overcome the difficulties, and accomplished
the really laborious part of an undertaking ; we
ought not, by suffering our constancy to be shaken
at the end, to leave our work incomplete , but
finish perfectly that which we have begun well.
( Vide Ο under"Ολον το βωδι εφ.)
"Εφαγε λωτόν.-Ηe has eaten lotus :-Το those who
have resided long in foreign countries , because
eating of the lotus was popularly believed to make
a man forget his country.
"Εφαγ’ ή μυϊγα σίδηρον.- Τhe.fly has eaten iron :-
Ιronically to those who think they can perform
impossibilities,
"Εφαγ' ο σκύλλος σ' αλεύρι.-Τhe dog has eaten the
meαι :-Το those who, under vain pretences, refuse
a request, and disguise their unwillingness to grant
it, by excuses invented for the purpose.
"Εφθασεν εις των Θεών τ' αυτιά.-It has reached the
εαrs of the Gods :-Το those who cannot elude
the divine vengeance for the evils they have done
278-284
46 G RΕΕΚ

as it is beautifully expressed in these two verses of

the Αnthology :
9 Α' \ y) Α' 2! Α" Α'

Ανθρώπους μεν ίσως λήσεις, άτοπόν τι ποιήσας

Ου λήσεις δε Θεούς, ουδε λογιζόμενος.
"Εφθασ' ή προβιά ς τα δώδεκα.-Τhe sheep-skin has
sufficed to pαψ the tuelue :-Το spendthrifts and
debauchees who, without reflecting, squander their
property in dissipation. It is said that a drunken
currier who was indebted to a tavern-keeper twelve
pence, not being able to pay him otherwise, took
from his house the last fleece which remained to
him, and gave it to the retailer of wine in pay
ment of the debt. Ηis wife observing that this
fleece had disappeared, questioned him ; " have
you taken the sheep-skin 2 what have you done
with it?" Βuthe, being half-drunk, replied ; " the
shin sufficed just for the tιeelue Τhe word προ
βια, signifies what the ancients expressed by μη
λωτή. Τhis last word is still employed in the pre
sent day, but more rarely than the first.
Εχάθ' εκείν' η κόττα, η οποία εγένναε μεγάλο σ' αυ
γόν.-Τhe hen that lαίd the large egg μαs lost :
-Το those who have had the misfortune to lose
a benefactor that liberally dispensed his kind
ΙηθSSGS,

"Εχασκε να χάψη βουβάλιον, κ' έχαψε μυϊγαν.-Ηe

ιυαs gaping to snap up a buffalo, and suralloured α
Jίμ :-Το those who without judgement are al
ways expecting some great good fortune to happen
to them, and meet with nothing but trifies-all,
indeed, that the little desert of the idle merits,
"Εχει κ' η μυϊγα σπλήναν.-Ευen the fly has a spleen :
-We ought neither to despise nor to insult the
weakness of an enemy ; the tamest may feel an
284-288
 ΡΕ Ο VΕRΒS, 47

injury, and the most feeble find a mode of retalia

t1Οn.
"Εχει κωλοκαψίδαις.-Ηe has stings on his back :-
Το those whose conscience tormenting them with
the fear of the discovery of their secret misconduct,
are restless, suspicious, and irritable, like a man
who has been stung by nettles or bees.
"Εχει πίσσαν και παράδεισον.-Ηe has pitch and pα
ναdise :-Τo a man who acts with moderation and
prudence , and keeps well with all parties, by join
ing himself particularly to none : Steering equally
between two extremes.
"Εχ' η κυρά τον οίκον, κ' η κοπέλα τα κλειδιά.-
Τhe mistress has the house, αηd the girl the keys :
-Βlind confidence in servants, whether proceeding
from indolence or simplicity, is always to be depre
cated, as injurious to the interests of the mistress
and the morals of the servant.
Εχθρόν και φθονερον τ' oμμάτιον των γειτόνων.-Ηos
tile αnd jealous is the eye of neighbours :-Το en
vious neighbours. Τhe two following verses on
envy may be appositely introduced here:
"Ο φθόνος εστί κάκιστος έχει δέ τι καλόν εν αυτώ.
Α' ν - y! ν Α'

Τήκει γάρ φθονερών όμματα και καρδίαν.

"Εχω ράμματα διά την γουνάν σου.-Ι ήαυe thread
Jor your fur :-Τhat is, you shall suffer for the
evil you have done me, I reserve my vengeance
till an opportunity ofters.
Εψόφησε το βώδί μου, κ' εξεμπερδεύσαμεν.-Μνοα
is dead, αnd ιυe are rid of it :-When the causes
that engage us to make treaties cease, then the
treaties themselves are null.
288-294
48 CΗRΕΕΚ

Ζεί χύτρα, ζή φιλία.-Τhe pot ύoils, friendship

ίευes :-or χύτρης φιλία, pot-friendship :-Το
those whose assiduities are prompted by their in
terest , but which they attempt to dignify by the
name of friendship.
Ζεσταίνεται με τάς ελπίδας.-Ηe μαrms himself urith
ήopes ;--or otherwise, αεροβασιλεύει, Ηe reigns in
αίr :-Τo the sanguine who delight themselves
with imagining happiness, often as visionary as
agreeable. Υoltaire also says, (Μerope, act 1.
scene 4.)
"Je lis an fond des coeurs, a peine ils sont a moi:
Εchaufiés par l'espoir, ou glacés par l'effroi."
Ζευγάρι και κλωνί.-Α pαίr αnd α branch -Το
those who, by reciprocity of regard, and similarity
of tastes, appear to be informed by one mind :
8haksp. also says, Μidsummer-night's Dream, act
3, scene 2,
So we grew together,
Like to a double cherry, seeming parted,
Βut yet a union in partition,
Τwo lovely berries moulded on one stem :
So, with two seeming bodies, but one heart.
Ζής διά να τρώγης, ή τρώγεις διά νά ζής -Do you
ίΐυe in order to eat, or eat in order to liυε 2-In
pleasantry to those whose sobriety is suspected; a
question which often entraps, when the answer is
made with vivacity too quick for reflection.
295-298
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 49

Ζήσε μαύρε μου να φάς τριφύλλι, και τον Αύγουστο

σταφύλι.-Διυe my donkey, that you may eat tre
foil, ακd in Αugust, grapes :-Το those who
make fine promises for a distant time, and still
more for an uncertain future.
Ζητεί τα πέρα Γαδείρων.-Ηe seeks for uhat is be
μond Gibraltar :-Τhat is, he attempts things dif
ficult, and almost impossible. From the ancient
proverb : τα πέρα Γαδείρων, ου περατά,
Ζητεί τάς μοίρας ν' απατήση.-Ηe seeks to deceive the
.fαϊes :-Το those who take every precaution to
preserve themselves from death, as if they could
εlude their destiny. We may here also cite the fol
lowing fragment of the poet Phanocles, preserved
by Clement of Αlexandria. θ)

Αλλά το Μοιράων νήμ' άλυτον, ουδέ τιν' έστιν

9 Λ' φ -Α' - 2. Α'

Εκφυγέειν, οπόσοι γην επιφερβόμεθα.

Ζητιάνο ολομελή μη δίδε την ελεημοσύνην σου.-Give
ηοί ψour alms to α sound-limbed beggar :-Ιn
other words, encourage not the lazy, since society
Ηhas no evil more pernicious than this class of indi
viduals,

"-
Η αλήθεια είναι μαλλώτρα-Τruth is α φuarrεί
ηιακer :-Unvarnished truth is offensive, and is
apt to excite anger, when it comes home to one'sself.
"Η απαλλαγή, ή αποτροπή.-Είther elude or di
υert :-Τhat is danger , there is no other alterna
tive.
299-304
Ο

: ν

"
50 GRΕΕΚ

Η ασθένεια έμβαίνει με το σακκίον, και εκβαίνει με το

βελόνι.-Sickness enters ιυίth the sack, αηd goes
ομί υίth the needle :-Αll aftiictions are more easi
ly contracted than removed.
"Η βάρει τ' αρχοντόπουλον, ή μή το δοκιμάζεις.-
Είther satisfy the young noble, or try it not:-
Give adequately, or not at all, to those whose wants
are great,
Η γλώσσα κόκκαλα δεν έχει, και κόκκαλα συντρίβει.
-Τhe tongue has no bones, yet breaks bones :-
Το those who bitterly reproach and distress others,
by their inordinate love of speaking.
Η γρηά δεν είχε Διάβολον, και αγόρασε γουρούνιον.-
Τhe old ιυomαn had not α Devil, αnd she bought α
pίη :-Το those who, not having evils, create some
for themselves.
Η ζήτρα δότρα δεν γίνεται.-Τhe beggar becomes
ηοία gίυer :-Τhose who are accustomed to ask,
rarely learn to bestow.
Ηθέλησε ν' αγιάση, και ξεπάγιασε.-Ηe ωished to
purify others, αηd ισαs frozen himself:-Το those
who, in their endeavours to serve others, meet with
an evil return. Αγιάζω, and αγιασμός refer to
a particular custom in the Greek church, according
to which the priests, going from house to house
with water that has been blessed, sprinkle the ha
bitations and families, generally by means of small
sprigs of myrtle bound together. Τhe origin of
this custom is very remote , See Νotes in my Εdi
tion of the Οrations on the Croun, Βoston, 1829.
p. 229. 1. 12. έξω των περιρραντηρίων, κ. τ. λ.]
"Ηθελον, συνανάδοχε, να σε ειπώ, φάγε, βλέπω όμως τα
χέριά σου και δεν αδειάζουν.-Ι uished, Jellow
godfather, to say to you-eat, but I see thαι
305-311
 ΡRΟΥΕRΒS, 5Ι

9our hands ανε not empty :-Το those who are so

greedy as to need no invitation.
Η καλή ημέρα από την αυγήν δείχνει.-Οr, accord
ing to another reading-ημέρα καλή από το ταχύ
δείχνει.-Τhe fine day εheuυs itselffrom the dαιυπ :
-Α good education in early youthis the best pledge
of a virtuous life.
Η κοιλία αυτία δεν έχει,-Τhe belly has no ears :-
Τhose who are hungry do not understand jesting.
Ημείς εις ξένους, και ξένοι εις ημάς.- We to stran
9ers, αηd strangers to us :-Τhis elliptical pro
verb has two meanings,-the first addressed to
travellers :-Ζet μs conduct ourselves tou ards.fo
reigners when we are in their country, ας υe urould
ισίεh them to behαυe to us, when they come to ours,
-as one of the ancients has said,
Ξένος πεφυκώς, τους ξενηδόκους σέβου.
Τhe second, the duty of hospitality :- When stran
gers υίsίt us, let us receive them, αs ue ourselves
τυould unish to be received by them in their coκη
try , as,
Ξένους ξένιζε και συ γαρ ξένος γ' έση.
Ιn either sense an excellent lesson, whether we are
so situated as to receive or to perform the social
duties of hospitality,
Ημείς πεινούμεν, και τα σκυλλιά κολλούραις σύρουν.-
γre hunger, ακd the dogs trαίl cakes -Το poor
and proud persons, who, while in secret they deny
themselves necessaries, make a shew of allowing
their dependants luxuries.
Η μεν χειρ εν Αιτωλοίς, ο δε νούς εν Κλωπιδών.-
Τhe hακd αmong the ΑΕtoliαns, but the mind α
mong the Clopides :-Ιn the word Αιτωλοίς there
311-316
 52 GRΕΕΚ

is an allusion to the verb αιτώ, Γαsk, Δήμω is

ιunderstood before Κλωπιδών, in which there is a
substitution of the letter l for r, Κρωπία having
been a borough of Αttica, in the tribe Leontis, from
which the people of the borough were called Κρω
πίδες, a substitution, however, made in conse
quence of a defect of the organs of speech in some
persons, who wishing to pronounce r, cannot do
so, and instead of it use l. Τhe allusion, there
fore, is to κλώψ, thief See in regard to this
proverb, Αristoph, Εquit. υ. 80. Τhe sense then
is the same as if it were said: τη χερι μεν αιτεί,
τώ δε νώ κλέπτει.- Ηe begs ιυίth the hand, but
steαιs with the mind:-Αpplied to those who beg
in order that they may steal, and, while they
stretch out the hand for alms, are meditating a
theft.
Ημέρας χαρά, και χρόνου λύπη.-Α day's pleasure
αnd α year's grief:-Τhe transient pleasures of
vice are generally succeeded by the penalty of long
continued suffering.
Η μητέρα μου δεν ήτον, πλήν ο πατέρας μου.-Μy
ηιother has not been, but my father has :-Το
those who wantοnly insult and sport with the feel
ings of others, whom they despise; believing them
incapable of making a retort, and thus receive a
good lesson when they least expect it. Α person
of high rank, who was travelling, arrived in a vil
lage, where, encountering a villager whose resem
Βlance to himself struck all his attendants, he asked
him if his mother had ever been in such a town,
" Νo," said he, " my mother has never been there,
but my father has, several times."
"Η μικρός μικρός πανδρέψου, ή μικρός καλογερέψον.
-Είther marry υery young, or turn monk υery
goung :-Τhat a person should decide upon his
316-319
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 53

future course of life, before he has contracted ha

bits which may be opposed to the choice most ad
vantageous for him.
Η μυϊγα διώκει τ' άλογα.-Τhe fly drives the
ήorses -Το those who, believing themselves to be
of the greatest importance, think that they are the
soul of everything, when no one is conscious
even of their existence.
"Η νά υψηλοφρονής ολιγώτερον, ή να δύνασαι περισ
σότερον.-Εither less pride, or more pourer :-
Ρride without power is contemptible,
Η νύμφη ς τα πεθερικά χωρίς γαμβρόν τί θέλει -
Τhe bride αίher father-in-lαιο's, ισίthout the bride
groom ! uhat has she to do there 2-Το those who,
by neglecting the opinion of the world, bring
blame upon themselves ; which they will be sure to
do, even by too much attention to persons who are
near to them, at the expense of those who are still
ΥΠΘaΥΘΙ".

Η ξένη έγνοια γηράει τον σκύλλον.-Α stranger's care

ηιακes old the dog :-Αs a Swiss sacrifices health
and strength in the service, and for the interest of
strangers.
"Η παπάς, παπάς ή ζευγάς, ζευγάς.-Ιf α priest, be
α priest, if α ploughmαn, α ploughman :-Το
those who unite employments incompatible with
each other.
Η πέτρα μεταβάρεσεν εις μαθημένον τόπον.-Τhe
stone has struck αqαϊn the place to which it had
ύecome αccustomed :-Τhe same evils are apt to
return to the same individuals.
"Η πέτρινος, ή ξύλινος.-Είther stony, or ιυooden :-
Where there is no feeling, there can be no impres
sion.
"Η, πολλαίς φροντίδες άσπρισαν ταις τρίχας του.-
319-827
54 ΟΕΕΕΚ

Μαny cares make the head uhite :-Griefbrings

on premature old age.
Η πολλή σπουδή τον έβγαλε τα μυαλά τον.-Μuch
study has turned his brαιη :-Αpplied to men of
genius by the vulgar, who are apt to call that folly
which is above their comprehension, becauseat va
riance with their own manner of thinking and act
ing. Voltaire has well expressed this sentiment :
-" Νotre misérable espέce est tellement faite, que
ceux qui marchent dans le chemin battu jettent
toujours des pierres a ceux qui enseignent un che
min nouveau." (Dict. Ρhilos. Under Lettres.)
Η σκύλλα από την βίαν της τυφλά γεννά τα κουτά
βιά της.- Τhe bitch, by her haste, produces her
3/oung blind :-Εxcessive zeal without due reflec
tion seldom has a good result. We may add to
this explanation the following verses, which ex
press the same idea :
"Η βραδύπους βουλή μέγ' αμείνων ή δε ταχεία
Αιέν εφελκομένην την μετάνοιαν έχει.
"Ητο χλωρον και φύρασεν.-It was green, απd has
made α spot :-Τo a thief, discovered by themarks
σf his theft.
Η τρέλα παρομοία εις όλους δεν είναι.-Folly is not
αίike in all people :-it is said also :-κατά την
τρέλα γράφε το τρελός.-Αccording to the folly,
τυrite fool :-Τhis last proverb takes its origin
from the reply of a schoolmaster, who having been
asked by one of his pupils, with how many l's he
ought to spell the word τρελός, fool, replied,-
" according to your share of folly." Τρελός, is de
rived from στρεβλός.
Ηύραμεν ζουρλον παπάν, και ολημέρα ψάλλομεν.-
ΜWe hαυe found α foolish priest, αηd ue sιng αll
day :-Το bad servants who, taking advantage of
327-332
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 55

the goodness and indulgence of their masters, con

tinually take their own pleasure, and neglect their
duty.
Ηύρεν η αρίδα τον ρόζον.- Τhe file has found the
Κnot :-Το self-confident and insolent persons, who,
wishing to dispute with those who are better in
formed than themselves, are vanquished and de
spised. Ρόζος from όζος.
Ηύρεν η κορυφή τον πάτον.-Τhe top has found the
bottom :-Το those who spend improvidently,
without sparing or economising their resources.
Ηύρεν η νύμφη μας το γωνίδιον όπισθεν της θύρας.-
Οur daughter-in-lαιυ λαs found out the little cor
ner behind the door :-Ironically of things evi
dent; to those who, without reason, imagine that
they make great discoveries,
Ηύρεν ο χωλός κατήφορον.-Τhe lαne mαn has found
α descent:-Το weak persons who, while execut
ing easy things, make a parade of their strength.
Ηύρε το δυάριον εις την λάσσην.-Ηe has found α
tιoopence in the mud :-Το those who, in the
hope of a trifiing gain, commit actions which dis
honour them ; like a man who, stooping to pick
up a silver twopence which he saw in the mud,
fell, and made himself all over dirt.
Ηύρε το ταίρι του.-Ηe has found his peer -Το
persons closely resembling each other ; the word
ταίρι is from εταίρος.
Η φακή με το στανιόν της βράζει.-Τhe lentil boils
αραϊnst its ισίll :-Εvery thing yields to superior
force.
"Η χορέψατε καλά, ή αφήσε τον χορόν.-Είther
dαnce well, or quίt the ball-room :-Ιn the same
sense as the maxim of Lord Chesterfield.-" What
ever is worth doing at all, is worth doing well.''
332-340
56 GRΕΕΚ

Θάνατον παρδάλεως υποκρίνεται.-Ηe feigns death

Like the panther :-Το those who prepare snares
for us. It has been said of the panther, that when
Ine sees apes, he lies still as if dead, and thus en
traps them when they approach him.
Θά σε κάμω νά μάθης, πόσ' αυγά χωρεί η σκούφιά
σου.-Γιυίll make you learn hou mαny eggs your
ύonnet μrill conίαιη :-Used when one threatens an
other, that he will make him repent of some ac
tion, and that he will punish him. Σκούφια, pro
bably from σκύφος, σκυφίον.
Θαυμαστά τά λόγιά σου, μυρίζουν όμως απιστίαν.-
Υour professions ανε αdmirαύle, ύut they hαυe
the odour of being incredible :-Το those whose
promises go beyond their performances.
είος και θεία μ' έθρεψαν, στιά και φλόγα μ' έκαψαν,
- Uncle αnd αμmt hαυe reared me, the hearth
αnd.fiame hαυe burned me:-Injuries received at
the hauds of relations are more severely felt than
those inflicted by strangers. - -

Θέλει να εκβάλη σ' όφίδιον από την τρύπαν με του

τρελού το χέρι.-Ηe wishes to bring the serpent
out of his hole by the hand of α fool:-Το those
who, in order to avoid exposing themselves in en
countering dangerous enemies, secretly employ, as
instruments against them, the courage and fool
hardiness of more simple persons.
Θέλει ν' ανθήση το δένδρον, κ' ή πάχνη δεν τ' αφίνει.-
Τhe tree wishes to.fiourer, αnd the hoαr-frost per
mits it not :-Το one who becomes an obstacle to
341-346
 ΡΗΟVΕRΒS, 57

the advancement of a young man naturally well

disposed.
Θεός διώκει τους αμαρτωλούς.-God pursues sin
ηers :-Τhat sooner or later those who do evil,
will reap the fruits of their misconduct. Τheocr.
says also, Idyll. ί. υ. 17.
Εύρε Θεός τον αλιτρόν,
Θερμήν εις ψυχρά καρδίαν έχει.-Ηe has α ιuarm
ήeαrt to cold things :-Οf those who shew great
zeal upon occasions where there is little worthy of
their exertions.
Θερμιών είν' ιατρός.-Ηe is α doctor of Τhermία -
Τhat is, he acts the doctor without being one,
and knows how to avoid compromising himself.
Τhe isle of Τhermia is the ancient Cythnos. It
derives its present name from its hot springs. Τhe
proverb was the result of the following fact :-
Α tempest having driven into one of the ports of
this island, a vessel which had on board a Greek
in the Εuropean costume ; one of the passengers,
for a jest, told some ofthe islanders, that he was a
physician of high reputation , and there not being
one in the island, though there was no scarcity of
diseases, a deputation came to wait upon the sup
posed doctor, to request him to visit the sick, and
moreover to establish himself there. Αll his excuses
were in vain, and he was compelled to yield to their
urgent entreaties. Ηe performed some wonderful
cures , but, as his science was not very profound,
in order to preserve his reputation, he had the
prudence to withdraw in time; leaving behind
him the name of a physician of great merit.
Θετταλών νόμισμα.- Τhessalian coin :-Το those
346-850
c 2
58 GRΕΕΚ

who tell lies , because the Τhessalians used coun

terfeit coin.
Θεωρία επισκόπου, και καρδία μυλωνά. Τhe mien of
α ύishop, αnd the heart of α miller -Το those
who have the external appearance of being respect
able and just, but internally, have a bad disposi
tion. Τhis proverb alludes to what is related of
the bargain of a fisherman, at first with a miller
and afterwards with a bishop ; the latter of whom
wished to pay him with benedictions, while the
former fulfilled his contract.
Θηρικλείου φίλος.-Friend of the Τhericlean cup :-
Τo the votaries of Βacchus ; from a species of
wine-cup made of glass, first invented by Τhericles.
Κύλιξ, ήν λέγεται πρώτος κεραμεύσαι Θηρικλής.
δuidas.
Θρέψε λύκoν τον χειμώνα, να σε φάγη το καλοκαί
ριον.-Νourish α ιυοίf in the winter, that he may
deυour you in the summer :-Τo the ungrateful.
Τhis proverb is thus expressed by Τheocr, Idyll.
έ. υ. 38.

Θρέψαι και λυκιδείς, θρέψαι κύνας, ώς τυ φάγωντι.

Θυμός ύστερα από όλα γηράζει.-Αnger last of αίl
becomes old:-Death is the only extinguisher of
anger, which is the last passion that expires in
characters naturally addicted to it.
Θυμού ιατρός λόγος.-Τhe physiciαn of αηger is
reason :-Persuasive words often appease the anger
of the most irascible, Solomon says also, (Ρro
υerbs, ch. xv. υ. 1,) Απόκρισις δε υποπίπτουσα
αποστρέφει θυμόν. ψ
Θύμωσε , ας πίη ξύδι.-Ιs he αngry 2 Let him
drink υιnegar :-Το those who put themselves in
a passion for nothing , or of those to whose anger
we are indifferent,
350-356
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 59

Ιατρός, μουσικός, και λωλός είναι ο καθείς.-Ευery

one is α physicίαn, α musicίαn, αnd α fool :-
Τhis means that every one has some portion of
these three qualities, and that there is nobody who
is not, during some period of his life, in circum
stances where he acts as his own physician, enter
tains himself with his own music, and has reason to
accuse himself of some foolish deed. Λωλός πmay
be from αλαός.
Ιατρός του εαυτού του καθείς πρέπει να ήναι.-Ευery
one ought to be his oun physicίαη :-Τhis means
that, when occasions present themselves, we ought
to make use of them in order to acquire some know
ledge of medicine, which, in the event of necessity,
we can apply to practice. Let us hear, also, what
Ηippocrates says as to this, (περί διαίτης υγιεινής,
p. 340.) "Ανδρα δε χρή, ός εστι συνετός, λογισάμε
νον ότι το σιν ανθρώπoισι πλείστου άξιον εστίν η
υγιείη, επίστασθαι εκ της εωύτου γνώμης εν τήσι
νούσησιν ωφελίεσθαι,
"Ιδού η Ρόδος, ιδού και το πήδημα.-Τhere is Rhodes,
αnd there the leap :-Το one who boasts of the
great feats he has achieved in other countries , and
who is challenged to prove the truth of his asser
tion, by performing similar exploits on the spot.
From the 14th fable of ΑΕsop.
"Ιδρώτα θέλει η αρετή.- Wirtue requires α ιαborious
είfort :-Τhis means that we must give ourselves
to strenuous exertion, in order to attain to virtuous
357-360
60 GRΕΕΚ

conduct, Ηesiod, Οper, et Die Lib, Α. υ. 287,

thus expresses the same sentiment :
Της δ' αρετής ιδρώτα θεοί προπάροιθεν έθηκαν,
and Ρindar, Οlymp. vi, υ. 14.
2) και
Ακίνδυνοι δ' αρεται
2 Υ / 9/ 2 - w Α.
Ούτε παρ' ανδράσιν, ούτ' εν ναυσι κοίλαις,
Τίμια, -

Καθάρειος ουρανός αστραπάς δεν φοβείται.-Α serene

sky fears ηοί the lightning. Αlso, ξαστέρειος (or
ξάστερος) ουρανός, αστραπήν μη φοβάσαι.-Τhe
sky is serene, fear not the lightning :-Τhreaten
ings disturb not the breast of the innocent.
Καθείς την βρώμάν του δεν την σιχαίνεται.-Ευεry
one is not disgusted ιυίth his own bad smell :-
It is also said: εις καθένα ή βρώμά του δεν τον βρω
μάει. Αddressed to those who overlook or excuse
their own faults.
Κάθε λόγος έχει και την απόκρισίν του.-Ευery opί
πίon has its αnsteer :-Τhat no argument can be
so strong but that something may be plausibly
advanced on the opposite side. Τhe ancients too
said: παντί λόγω λόγος παλαίει.
Κάθε πέρυσι καλήτερον.-Ευery past year is the
ύest :-Το men of discontented minds, who always
praise the past.
Κάθετ ή πομπή ς τον δρόμον, και περιγελάει τους
διαβάτας.-Scorn sίts upon the highιυαν, and
360-365
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 61

Ιαμghs αί the passengers :-Το those who would

reduce others to the same state of ignominy or dis
grace with themselves.
Κάθε ψεύστης έχει και τον μάρτυρά του.-Εtery liar
λας αηοther for α uritness.
Κάβου (or κάθισε) στραβά, και κρίνε ορθά (or ίσια).-
8it crooked, αηd.judge strαίght :-Τhat is, judge
justly , the proverb is taken from the posture na
turally assumed in deep study or investigation.
Καθώς έτριψες, φάγε.-Αs you hαυe ground, so eat :
-Εvery one meets with a corresponding return for
a foul tongue.
Καθώς κανοναρχάς, σε ψάλλουν.-Αs you give out
the line, so will they sing to you :-Ιn the same
sense with the preceding. Τhe word κανοναρχάς,
is more commonly written καλαναρχάς.
Και από γυμνόν σταθίον πιάνεται.-Ηe grasps even
α naked surord :-Το those who, when involved
in difficulties, havρ recourse to dangerous expe
dients. ( Vide Ο under Ο μη έχων πόθ.)
Και από στείραν αίγα εκβάλλει γάλα.-Ηe ertrαcts
milk eυen from α barren goat :-Το those who
prevail by a natural winuingness of manner.
Και αυτός κυλλοπόδης, κ' εκείνος ζαβός.- Τhe one
εs υαndy-legged, the other blind :-When, of two
bad things, one is at a loss which to choose, re
sembling the Εnglish proverb, " six of the one,
and half a dozen of the other.''
Και αυτός της πομπής, και κείνος της κάννας.-Τhe
one deserυes the pillory, the other the galleys :-
Το bad men who have similar dispositions.
Και δύο και τρείς τα πρέποντα καλόν είναι να λέγων
ται.-Ιt is uell that what is good should be tιυίce
or thrice repeated :-Τhis proverb is derived
from an ancient one which is attributed to Εmpe
365-374
62 CRΕΕΚ

docles, in the following terms : Και δις γαρ, ο δεί,

καλόν εστιν ενίσπειν, Ρlato in Gorg. S 58, ex
presses it thus : Και δις γάρ τοι και τρίς φασι κα
λόν είναι τα καλά λέγειν τε και επισκοπείσθαι.
Και εις την πλάτην ομμάτια έχει.-Ηe has eyes even
on his back :-Το those who, with wakeful atten
tion, observe the motions of those who use artful
means to deceive them.
Και ημείς πονηροί, αλλ' εσείς μάς ξεπερνάτε (or υπέρ
ημάς).-We indeed are cunning, but you ανe be
Jond us :-Το those who are worse than cunning.
Καινούργιόν μου κόσκινον, και πού να σε κρεμάσω !-
Μy neu sieυe, αnd uhere shall I hang you !-
Εvery thing new is, for a short time, more valued
than what is old.
Καιρός ψυχή πράγματος.-Τime is the soul of every
thing :-Said of things that are done seasonably.
Και ς την βρύσιν νερον δεν ευρίσκει.-Ευen at the
Jounίαιη ήe.finds no water :-Το those who, from
their own deficiencies, are always unfortunate.
Και ς τον κώ.-Οn the buttocks too :-κώ, per syn
cope for κώλον.-It is used when two persons em
brace and continue kissing each other with extra
vagant kindness, as if you should say, you have
only farther to salute each other on a part which
decency forbids us to name.
Και συ κακόν χερόβολον, και κείνος κακόν δεμμάτιον.
- Υou too are α ύαd handful, αs he is α bad bun
dle :-Το persons who are equally worthless.
Και τα πολλά ο έχων θρηνεί, και ο τά ολίγα.-Ηe
τυλο has much μreeps, as uell αs he μήo has little :
-Εvery one has his sorrows.
Και τ' αυγά και το καλάθιον.-Βoth the eggs αnd
the basket:-Said in a case of total loss.
Και το μέλι κόρον έχει.-Ευen honey occasions εα
374-384
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 63

tiety :-Τhat there is nothing which does not come

at last to disgust, if dwelt on without intermission.
Ιt is thus expressed in Ρindar Νem. Οd. vii, υ,
"77.

Κόρον δ' έχει

Και μέλι και τα τέρπν' άνθε' Αφροδίσια,
Και τούτο μοιρά μου, και κείνο μερτικόν μου.-Βoth
this is my part, αηd that is my portion :-Το men
who grasp at everything without being satisfied.
Α different turn is sometimes given to the same
sentiment, thus : αυτό να μου το δώσης, εκείνο να
σου το πάρω, κ' εκείνο να μου το χαρίσης.-Τhis
gou u'ill give me, that Γιυίll take, αηd this you will
make me α present of:
Και το ψωμί σωστόν, και ο σκύλλος χορτασμένος.-
Τhe bread is whole, αnd the dog is.fed:-Το good
economists.
Και φοβείται, και φοβερίζει.-Ηe both fears, απd
threatens :-Το those who conceal their cowardice
under mighty words.
Και χθες κουκία, και σήμερον ζωμόν κουκίων.-
Υesterday he fared on beans, αηd to-day on the
Juice of beans :-Το persons in extreme poverty.
Κακολογεί, επειδή να καλολογή δεν έμαθεν-Ηe speaks
eυίl, because he has not learned to speak uell.-
Τhis proverb is taken from an apothegm of So
crαϊes, who, when one said to him : κακώς ο δεινά
σε λέγει, Α certain person speaks eυίl of you ; an
swered: καλώς γαρ λέγειν ουκ έμαθεν, Ιt is be
cause he has not learned to speak uell.
Κακών πανήγυρις.-Α.flood of eυίls :-Οf evils that
follow each other in rapid succession.
Καλα "ναι τα πλατυμάνικα, το πανίον όμως δεν φθά
νει.-Βroad sleeυes αre beautiful, but the cloth uill
384-391
64 CΗRΕΕΚ

not admit of them :-Το those who have a longing

for what is beyond their means.
Καλά τρέχει, όμως έξω του δρόμου.-Ηe runs ιυεil,
but he is off the course :-Το those who practise
virtue, but without a proper system,
Καλημέρα 'Ιάννη, κουκία σπέρνω.-"Good dαμ, John:"
" Ιαήι souring beans :"-Το those who, from inat
tention to what is said to them, return incoherent
answers. Αs if John were a labourer, and an ac
quaintance passing shouldsay to him : " Good day,
John ;" and he being intent upon his work, and
thinking that his friend asked him what he was
sowing, should answer: " I am sowing beans."
Καλή"ν' η νύφη μας, μόν' είναι στραβή.- Τhe ύγίαe is
pretty, only she is blind :-Το those who praise
ironically.
Κάλλια αρρώστιαν εις το σώμα, πάρ' αμάθιαν 'ς την
ψυχήν.-Βetter hαυe disease in the body, than ig
norance in the mind :-Plato in Ηipp. Μin. ex
presses it thus : πολύ γάς το μείζόν με αγαθόν
εργάσει αμαθίας παύσας την ψυχήν ή νόσου το
σωμα.
Κάλλια να σε ζηλεύουν, παρά να σ' ελεούν.-Βetter
to be enυιed thαn pitied :-Τhis sentiment occurs
in Ρindar Pyth. Οd. Ι, υ. 164.
κρέσσων γας οικτιρμών φθόνος,
and Sophocles in his Αίαα, υ, 157, has expressed
very justly the cause of the preference :
Πρός γαρ τον έχονθ’ ο φθόνος έραιει.
Κάλλια πέντε κάρβουνα, παρά χίλια πρόβατα.-Βet
ter five coals than α thousand sheep: -Το those
who prefer keeping by their first profession: For
a coppersmith, being once urged by his friends to
391-397
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 65

try his fortune in a different path, answered as a

bove. Τhe proverb is also used to signify, that
things necessary at the moment, however cheap
or trifiing they may be, are preferable to other
things of which one has no immediate want.
Κάλλια το σημερινόν αυγόν, παρα την αυρινήν όρνιθα.
- Βetter αη egg to-day thαη α chicken to-mor
νοιυ :-Τhat present good, though small, is better
than the uncertain promises of futurity, however
large.
Κάλλιον ένας φρόνιμος εχθρός, παρά ένα ζουρλον φί
λον.-Βetter α uise enemy than α foolish friend.
Κάλλιον λάχανα με ειρήνην, παρά σάκχαρι με γρύ
νιαν.-Βetter cabύαφe uith peace than sugar with
grumbling :-Μediocrity combined with tranquil
lity, is better than riches imbittered by the crav
ings of discontent. Α sentiment nearly similar
occurs in the Μedea of Εuripides, 124.
Των γάρ μετρίων πρώτα μεν ειπείν
Τούνoμα νικά, χρήσθαί τε μακρώ
Λώστα βρoτoίσιν. Τα δ' υπερβάλλοντ'
Ουδένα καιρόν δύναται θνητοίς.

Τhe proverb, however, may be explained in another

sense, thus : " Ι would rather you gave me little
with a kind welcome, than much while you seem
ed to reproach me with it."
Κάλλιον λόγια ς το χωράφι, παρά μάγγανα ς τ'
αλώνι.-Βetter words in the fields, than fiαίls on
the thrashing.floor :-It is better to agree in time
than come to an open rupture,
Καλόν τυρίον εις σκύλλινoν τομάριον.-Good cheese εκ
α dog-skίη :-Το one who has a good quality par
tially concealed by a bad one.-It is customary
with the Greeks to use skins for packing up and
397-402
66 GRΕΕΚ

protecting articles of commerce. Sheep-skins and

calf-skins, however, are used for this purpose, and
they would revolt at the thought of using a dog
skin.
Καμαρώνει σαν παγώνι, και γυρεύει κριάριο γάλα.-
Ηe is proud αs α peacock, and calls for ram's
milk :-Το worthless fellows assuming conse
quence, who arrogantly demanding impossibilities,
expose at the same time their ignorance, by shew
ing that they suppose them attainable,
Καμαρόνει σαν την νύμφην.-Ηe looks αί ήimself
Like α bride :-Το those who put on airs.
Κάμε καλόν , του Διαβόλου το χωριόν.- Do good
έo the field of the Deυίl:-Speaking of those who
repay favours with ingratitude; to whom also these
two lines of the Αnthology are applicable :
Φαύλος ανήρ, πίθος εστι τετρημένος εις δν απάσας
Αντλών τάς χάριτας, εις κενόν εξέχεας.
Κάμε με προφήτην, να σε κάμω πλούσιον.-Μακe me
α prophet, that I mαν make you rich -Το those
who promise on conditions that can never be ful
filled.
Κάμε τρύπαν εις το νερόν.-Μαάe α hole in the
ευαίcr :-Το him wbo says what is silly or trifiing.
Κάμηλος επιθυμήσασα κέρατα, έχασε και τα αυτία
της.-Α cαmel urishing to ήαυe horns lost his ears
έ0ο :-Το persons of a mean and selfish disposition,
who, through envy of another's advantages, lose
their own. Τhe proverb is borrowed from the
197th fable of ΑΕsop.
Κάμηλος επί όνου-Α cαmeί μpon αη αss -Αpplied
when a powerful man oppresses and tramples upon
one who is dull and stupid.
402-409
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 67

Καμήλον μνησικακία-Τhe ναncour of α cαmel :-

Τo the obstinately unforgiving ; the camel being
SΟ,

Κάμης, πάθης, καρδιά μή σου πονέση.- If you do evil,

αnd suffer for it, let not your heart be stung by
ίt:-We should submit with patience to those
evils which we bring upon our own heads.
Κάμνει την σακκορράφα βελονάκι.-Ηe makes α pack
εηg needle into α tαίlor's :-Το those who, while
endeavouring to magnify what is great, through
ignorance, only lessen and debase it.
Καπνού σκιά.-Τhe shadour of smoke :-Το men
who are very thin and emaciated.
Καποιανού εχάριζαν γομάριον, και το τήραε'ς τα δόν
τια.-Τhey made him a present of a beast of bur
den, αnd he eramined its teeth :-Το those who
receive kindnesses with an indecorous curiosity.
Κάποιον αγγάρευσαν, και αυτός έκαμάρονεν.-Τhey
demαnd of him his statute-ιυork, αnd he eyes him
self with pride :-Το those who will not believe
that one is serious in forcing them to anything.
Κάπου λαλούν όργανα.-Instruments ατε somewhere
sounding :-Το those who pretend that they do
not understand what is said to them.
Κάππα διπλούν.-ΙDouble Καρpα :-Εnigmatically
to a bad man, there being two Κappas in the
Greek word κακός.
Κατά τα πνεύματα, και τα αισθήματα.-Like mind,
ίike sentiments :-Τhe following is an example
told of Voltaire. Α Swedish officer who was well
read in the works of that author, and one of his
great admirers, in passing through Switzerland,
came to Ferney, expressly to pay him a visit,
Τhe philosopher not feeling inclined at the time
to see any body, bade his servant inform the
410-418
68 CRΕΕΚ

stranger that he was not at home. Τhe officer

disappointed in his expectation said, " I am very
sorry I have missed the monster." Τhis answer
Ιnaving been reported to Voltaire by the servant,
who durst hardly tell it to him, the philosopher
was so much struck with it, that he sent his ser
vant on horseback, to request the stranger to dine
with him.
Κατά το κεφάλι μου σε προσκυνώ.-Αccording to my
ήead Ι make my bou :-It is enough if one does
what he can.
Κατά το μάγουλον, και το ράπισμα.-Αccording to
the cheek, so is the sίαp :-When any thing is done
proportionally,
Κατά τον Σ ο ύς περιπατείς.-Υοu αct like Μr.
Ηush :-ί. e Υou neglect your education ; and
your ignorance will throw you into great per
plexities, from which unlooked-for circumstances
can alone deliver you. Τhis proverb is deriv
ed from the following anecdote :-Αn Αrchbishop
of Cyzicus, remarkable for his ignorance, was
obliged to preach the funeral sermon of a lady of
quality who belonged to the neighbourhood, in con
sequence of the unexpected absence of the person
intended for that purpose Ηe, with great reluc
tance, began to stammer out something by way of
introduction, in which, among other things, he said,
τhat the deceased had incessantly repeated to him,
that she felt she was dying ; till one day in his
impatience he said to her, σούς, hush. Τhe good
Αrchbishop pronouncing this word with consider
able force, blew out the lights, and this served as
a peroration to his discourse. Τhe ceremony pass
ed on, and terminated to the satisfaction of the
Ρarson, who answered well enough for the time
418-42l
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 69

in which he lived, but would have made a very

awkward figure in our days.
Κατά το πάπλωμα, και των ποδών το ξάπλωμα.-
Εrtend not your feet beyond your blαnket :-
Εvery one should suit himselfto his circumstances.
Τhe word πάπλωμα for πέπλωμα from πέπλον,
or πάπλωμα for εφάπλωμα.
Κατά το παρωνύμιόν σου και η γλώσσά σου.- Υour
tongue αnsurers to your name :-Τwo neighbours,
one surnamed Ρroco, and the other Καίpe, argu
ing together, began at last to taunt each other.
Κalpe, inflamed with foolish anger, said, you grunt
Μr. Ρorco, for Ρroco, and Ρroco wittily answer
ed, your tongue, Μr. Καίpe, (κάλπη, pitcher)
answers to your name, that is, you cannot re
strain yourself, but your tongue goes like water
from a pitcher.
Κάτι ήτο, και κάτι τόφαγεν.-Something there ισαs,
αnd something Jιαs eat it :-Το a person suspected
of having stolen something , an indirect way of
accusing him, that his conscious guilt may betray
Him, by aftecting his look and demeanour.
Κάτι λάκκον έχ' η φάβα.- Τhe pease-pudding I see
has α hollou in it :-Το those who indicate by
their manner that they are anxious to ask some
favour; for pease-pudding, as the Greeks prepare
it, requires oil.
Κάψε με, και βάλε μύξα.-Βurn me, αnd soften it
with snot :-Το persons who have done us a great
injury, and afterwards attempt to soοthe us with
flatteries.
Κ' εμπρός βαθύ, κ' οπίσω ρεύμα.-Α pool in front,
αnd α stream behind :-Το those who are beset
Dy two evils, and know not in their terror which
to avoid first.
421-427
70 GRΕΕΚ

Κεφάλι κλούβιο.-Αddledhead:-Α metaphortaken

from eggs, meaning an empίy head, κεφάλι άδειο.
Κ' ή κοσκινού τον άνδρα της με τους πραγματευτά
δαις.-Ευen the sίfter λαs put her ήκεύαnd αnong
the merchants -Το men of trivial acquirements,
who presumptuously place themselves on a level
with men of superior information. It resembles
the moral of ΑΕsop's 187th Fαύie: oι τους κρείτ
τοσιν αμιλλώμενοι, πρός τό εκείνων μή εφικνείσθαι,
και γέλωτος όφλισκάνoυσι.
Κινέζος είναι.-Ηe is α Chinese :-Μeaning one who
is quite an original.
Κίνησ' ο Εβραίος, κ' έλαχε Σάββατον.- Τhe Jeu set
out on his journey αnd stumbled on the Sαύύαth :
-Οn meeting unexpected obstacles.
Κόκκαλον έχει ο λόγος.-Τhe eapression has α ύσme
in it :-When a thing is difficult to be understood.
Κόρακας κοράκου μάτι δεν εβγάνει.-Α croιυ does
notpίck out α croιυ's eye :-Τo a man who defends
the bad conduct of another, because he is in the
same scrape himself.
Κουκίον ήτο, κ' έσπασεν.-Ιt υαs α bean αnd split in
turo :-It is used to express a striking resemblance.
Κούκκος άκαιρος του χρόνου μή λαλήση.-Μαν the
Cuckoo nert year not cry out of season. -Α
sign of misfortune, for when the Cuckoo is heard
out of her time it is considered a bad omen.
Κουκκουβάγια πέταξεν.-Α screech-ourlkas.fίοιυn :-
Αgood omen.
Κόψε κλωνάριον, και κτύπα τον αέρα.-Cut α ειυίtch
αnd beat the uίηd :-Τo a stupid person. Τhe
following lines addressed to one of this character
are ludicrous and apposite :
"Εσβεσε τον λύχνον μωρός, ψύλλων υπό πολλών
Δακνόμενος, λέξας, ουκ έτι με βλέπετε,
428-437
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. '71

Κραίνω 'γώ, φλυαρεί και άνδρας μου.-Ι decide, αnd

my husband prates :-Τo a babbler who attributes
her own infirmity to another, unconscious of its
application to herself.
Κρασίον πωλείται δέσποτα, αγόραζε και πίνε.-Ι
ήαυe ιυίηe to sell, Reυerend Sίr, buy απd drink :-
Τhat we should not expect benefits for nothing,
put return like for like.
Κροκοδείλου δάκρυα.- Τhe tears of α crocodile :-
Το those who pretend to sympathise with misfor
tunes which they themselves have caused. It is
said that the crocodile weeps over his prey before
be devours it.
Κρύβει τον ήλιον με το κόσκινον.-Ηe hides the sun
uith α sieυe :-Το those who attempt to obscure
the lustre of genius by weak and inadequate expe
dients, Τhe proverb is designed to shew that true
merit surmounts every obstacle, and cannot remain
long concealed.
Κρύον σίδηρον κτυπάς.-Υou hαmmer cold iron :-
Αpplied to things impracticable.
Κτίζει επί άμμου.-Ηe builds upon the sαπd :-Το
those who indulge in false hopes.
Κύκλωπος δωρεά.-Τhe gift ofα Cyclops:-Α dan
gerous gift, because the Cyclops promised to pre
serve Ulysses alive till he had eaten all his com
pations, as we read in the Οdyssey, I'. υ. 345.
και 2 V , Λ. 2) \ τ' « Α'
Ούτιν εγώ πύματoν έδoμαι μετά οις ετάροισι,
Τους δ' άλλους πρόσθεν τό δέ το ξεινήίον έσται,
Κυρα νύχτα.-Darling night :-Τo the excessively
indolent, because such persons long for the night
when they are relieved from their labour.
438-445
72 CΗRΕΕΚ

Κυριακή χαρακoπίστρα, και δευτέρα μουρμουρίστα.-

δunday in mίrth, αηd Μonday in murmurs :-
Το a young scholar who rejoices with cheerfulness
and vivacity during the continuance of his holi
days, but betrays an opposite state of mind on re
turning to his lessons.
Κύτταξε τον καθρέπτην.-Look αί the glass :-Το
persons who have too favourable an opinion of
their own appearance,

Λάβε μηδέν, και κράτειε καλά.-Ταλe nothing, αnd

Κεep well :-Τhat is, abstain from what belongs to
others, and guard well your own property.
Λαγός πέπερι έσπειρε κατά της κεφαλής του.-Τhe
ήare soured pepper αραιnst its oum head :-Το
those who contrive schemes which issue in their
own ruin.
Λαγού ζωήν περνάει.-Ηe lives the life of α hare :-
ί. e. Ηe is a coward. Demosthenes uses a similar
expression, λαγώ βίον έζης. See p. 174, Ι. 26,
of my Εdition.
Λάκκον άλλου έσκαψε, και ο ίδιος έπεσε.-Ηe dug α
pit for another, and he has fallen into it himself:
-which the Psalmist in Ps. vii, 15, expresses
thus : λάκκον ώρυξε και ανέσκαψεν αυτόν, και εμ
πεσείται εις βόθρον όνειργάσατο and Ηesiod. "Εργ.
και Ημ. Lib. Α'. υ. 268 :
Οι' αυτό κακά τεύχει ανήρ άλλω κακά τεύχων.
r w w ΥΥ - w -ω Α' Α'

Η δε κακή βουλή τώ βουλεύσαντι κακίστη,

446-451
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, "73

Λάκτισμα της προβατίνας, χαρά του λύκου.-Τhe

#ίcking of the sheep is the joy of the wolf:-Τhe
pinches of the beloved fiΗ the lover with rapture;
whence it may be observed, that nipping andscart
ing, by way of wooing, are not peculiar to Scot
land.
Λείπ' ο γάτος, και χορεύουν τα ποντίκια.- Τhe cat is
absent, ακd the mίce dακce :-Υoung persons in
the absence of their superiors, often exhibit a scene
of riot and confusion.
Λευκήν στάφνην, εις λευκόν λίθων.-Α ιυλίte line, on α
αυλίte stone :-Αpplied to things obscure, or to
persons of dull apprehension; for a white line can
not be discerned when drawn on a white surface,
there being no distinction of colour. Στάφνη ΑΕο
licé for στάθμη. Τhe ancients used the same pro
νerb, λευκώ λίθω, λευκή στάθμη.
Λούεις με, χτενίζεις με, εξεύρω τίς μ' εγέννησεν.- Υοια
ιυαsh me, you comb me, but Ι knou κυjιο σαυe me
θίrth -Το persons who are insensible to the kind
est treatment, and seek for pretexts to justify their
ingratitude.
Λύχνιον εν Πρυτανείω.-Αίαmp in the Ρrytaneum --
Αn ancient proverb used when speaking of what is
abundant and lasting. It is thought that πρυτα
νείον comes from πυρός ταμείον, α storehouse of fire,
or of πυρός, corn. Ρindαr Νem. Οdexi, υ. 1, says:
Παί Ρέας, άγε πρυτανεία λέλoγχας, Εστία,
where the Scholiast explains the passage well by
saying : Πρυτανεία φησι λαχεν την Εστίαν, πα
ρόσoν αι των πόλεων εστία εν τοις πρυτανείοις α
Λ. \ Ν & ... Α . Α' - και ν /

φίδρυνται, και το ιερον λεγομενον πυρ επι τουτων

έζ%rώκειται,
452-456 ΙΟ
'74 CΗRΕΕΚ

Μάθε γέρο γράμματα, τώρα ς τα γεράματα, τύφλα

και σκονδάμματα.-Οία mαn, nou in thy old αρε,
Ιearn letters, (which are to thee but) blindness αηd
stumbling :-Αpplied to what is done out ofseason.
Μάθημα ξεμάθημα, δυο καλά μαθήματα.-Ιearning
αnd unlearning ανe turo good lessons.
Μαινόμενος Θεός ετέρω Θεώ νήφoντι σωφρονίζεται.-
Α.furious God is restored to reason bψαnother sober
God:-Pure wine when diluted with water is pro
portionally diminished in its intoxicating qualities.
Μακρον το προοίμιον.-Τhe preamble is long -Το
those who wish to come to the main subject at
once, and are therefore impatient under a load of
introductory matter.
Μάς εγέννησεν η κόττα ς την σκούφιαν.-- Τhe chicken
/ias lαίd αη εθg in my cap :-Τauntingly to sig
nify a trifling advantage,
Μάς ήλθεν εις την εξύφανσιν.- Ηe has come to us αt
the close of the ueb :-Τhat is, at the conclusion
of some tranφρction.
Ματαίως χύνεται το νερόν.-Τhe water runs in υαιη :
-Το men who waste their words on those who
will not hear them : for, when the ancient Greeks
delivered their speeches, the time they occupied
was measured by a water-clock.
Μάτια ώμορφα, δυστυχισμένα χέρια.-Fair eyes, un
Ιucky hands :-Το men of genteel appearance, but
who are struggling with poverty in consequence of
their unconquerable habits of idleness.
Μαύρην τύχην είχα, άνδρα,-όλοι επνίγηκαν ! και συ
457-465
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 75

έγύρισες - Dark has been my fortune, ήusband,-

αll hαυe perished ! αnd hαυe you only returned 2
Αpplied to the grossly wicked, denoting that they
deserve to be execrated even by their nearest re
latives.
Μεγαρέων δάκρυα.-Μegarensίαn tears :--Το those
who weep insincerely :-Τhe Μegarenses had men
eminently skilled in this kind of weeping, whose
business it was to bewail the dead, and hence the
proverb.
Μέγα το στόμα του χρόνου.-- Τhe mouth of this year
is large :-Α productive season, like a full purse,
gives a man confidence in speaking.
Με γυμνήν την κεφαλήν,- With bare head -Το
those who rashly expose themselves to danger,
Μ' εκόλλησε σαν την κολλητσίδα.-Ηe sticks to me
like a burr :-Το a person who clings to our heels
in spite of every expedient to get quit of him.
Τhis is a common proverb in Scotland.
Με κυττάζει σαν ο λύκος το φεγγάρι.-Ηe looks αί
me αs α urolf does at the moon :-Τhat is, with
malignity, for the wolf, they say, fixes his eyes
fiercely on the moon as if enraged at it, because its
light is unfriendly to his nocturnal depredations,
Με κυττάζει σαν το παιδί π' έχεσε ς τα βρακιά του,
- Ηe looks αί me like a child uho has in his
breeches :-Τo a man who looks at another with
a timid and dejected air, from a consciousness of
having done something to offend him.
Μέλι δείχνει, φαρμάκι ετοιμάζει.-Ηe shous honey,
he miares poison :-Τo a hypocrite.
Με ξένα κόλλυβα μακαρίζει τους γονέους του.- With
αnother's boiled corn, he celebrates his father's me
mory :-Το those who devote to a good purpose
what is not their own, or what they have acquired
465-473
76 CΗRΕΕΚ

by unlawful means, Ν. Β. Ιt is customary among

the Greeks to hold a kind of anniversary in honour
of the dead, and on that day to distribute among
the poor a sort of pudding or buna formed princi
pally of boiled corn, but rendered palatable, especi
ally among the great and wealthy, by a variety of
more costly ingredients. Τhis ceremony appears to
be derived from similar observances among the an
Cient8,

Με ξένα πτερά στολίζεται.-Ηe decks himself υίth

αnother's ωικgs -Το those who arrogate to them
selves the merit of services performed by others.
Με ποταπόν σχοινίoν να κρεμασθή δεν καταδέχεται.-
Ηe deigns not to let ήimself be hanged ωitή ευery
kind ofrope -Το those who cherish feelings of
νanity even in circumstances of the greatest igno
miny.
Μεροδούλι μεροφάγι-Τhe dανε cork, tλε dανε εαι
ing :-Το those who gain nothing by their labour
beyond their daily expenses,
Με τα δικά μου τα λιθάρια με βαρείς.- Υou peit me
ιυίtή my own stones :-Το bad debtors, who, with
the money which they have borrowed, bribejudges
to connive at their dishonesty, that they may es
cape making payment ; as if we should say, you
τιse my ouυη money as αn engine αφαίη.8t me.
Με τα εκατόν , την φυλακήν, και με τα χίλια μέσα.
-For α ήundred you go to 9αοί, ακd for a thou
sand no ιυorse.
Μετάξυ δακτύλου και όνυχος τίποτε δεν χωρεί.-
Τhere is no space ύetureen the παίl αnd the finger :
-Τhe malevolent strive in vain to sow discord be
tween good and virtuous relations.
Μεταξύ παιδίων γέρων, μεταξύ δε γερόντων παιδίον.-
Αmong children, αn oid man, απάamong old men,
473-480
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. γγ

a child :-Το men of trifiing acquirements, who

appear learned among the ignorant, and ignorant
among the learned,
Με τ' αρνιά κουρεύεται,-Ηe gets himself shorn with
έke sheep -Το men of weak understanding and
ehildish habits.
Μετά τον ανήφορον κατήφορος.-Αfter ακ ιιμ-λίll comes
α doμη-hill :-Prosperity is generally followed by
adversity, Τhis proverb resembles the saying of the
aacients: ευδία επάγει νέφος. Τhe Εnglish use a
similar expression : Ενery height has a hollow be
λικd it,
Με την αράδα έρχεται το καυκάλιον.- Τhéjug cenes
ίο με εκ turn -Αll men have their share in the
enjoyments and distresses of life,
Με την αράδα σον, ας ήσαι και παπάς.-Ικ μour
έμrn, though you έe α priest :-Νo circumstance
of rank or station warrants the slightest encroach
ment on another's rights. Justice throws every
such consideration out of the scale,
Με την επιμονήν το πάν τις καθυποβάλλει,- With
ρerseυerακce one surmoνικές αίl difficulties -Si
πmilar to the saying,
Της επιμελείας δούλα πάντα γίγνεται.
Με την πίστι και τα βουνά κάποτε ανταμώνονται.-
Εν.fαιέή ευεη moμήίαιηs gre sometimes made to
ηeet -Τhat we ought never to despair of meet
ing with our friends, even when circumstances ren
der it highly improbable, Τhe origin of this pro
verb is well known to every body.
Με το κεφάλαιον, και το διάφορον.-Αlong with the
principal, the interest too,-Το those whose pu
nishment, though slow in coming, overtakes them
at last with proportional severity,
480-487
78 GRΕΕΚ

Με το κόσκινο τραβά νερό.-Ηe draus uater with α

sieυe :-Τhat is, he makes fruitless efforts.
Με τον αγκώνα σφογγίζεται.-Ηe uipes himself ιυίth
ήis elbou :-Το a coarse, dirty, and vulgar person.
ΔΟίogenes Ζαërtius uses also the following phrase
in his Βion : ο πατήρ μεν ήν απελεύθερος, τώ
αγκώνι απομυσσόμενος.
Με τον δικόν σου φάγε πιε, και πραγματείαν μή κά
μνης.- With α relation eat αnd drink, but hαυe
πιο mercantile transactions ιυίth him :-Quarrels
are usually the consequence,
Με τον ήλιον τα εκβάλλομεν, με τον ηλιον τα εμβάλ
λομεν, τί έχουν τα έρημα και ψοφούν - With the
sun ue let out the sheep, αnd with the sun ue
bring them in , ιυλαt is the matter with the creα
tures that they die 2-Το those who manage their
business carelessly, attending to it only at inter
vals, so that instead ofgaining they lose by it.
Με τον καλήτερόν σου κουκιά μή σπείρης.-Don't
sou beans ιuith your superior :-Το those who,
though comparatively ignorant, exalt themselves
to a level with men of extensive learning.
καλήτερόν σου φάγε πιε, και νηστικός ασήκα.
Με τον
-With your superior eat αnd drink, αnd rise
fasting.
Μη βλέπης το τι κάμνω, πλήν άκουε τί λέγω.-
Γon't look αι ιυήat Ι do, but listen to uhat Ι sαν:
-Το those whose actions are inconsistent with
their words.
Μή δανεισθης από πτωχόν, κ' επάρει σε κατόπιν.-
Don't borrou from α poor mαn, for he will be in
cessαntly αί ψour back :-It is unwise to solicit
favours of interiors, for they always make a boast of
them, and act as if they had a perpetual title to ask
488-495
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 79

favours in return. Ρhocylides also has very well

said :
.

Φεύγε χρήστης κακού έμμεναι ανδρός,

Μή τί σ' ανιήσειε διδους ταρά καιρόν απαιτέων.
Μη δυνάμενος ότι θέλεις, θέλε ό τι δύνασαι.- When
ψou cannot what you ιυίll, ιυίll, uhat you can.
Μή ζήτει μόνον να φανής, αλλά και να γενής.-Seek
not only to αρpear, but αlso to become :-Το those
who are content with an empty smattering of
knowledge, and covet more a reputation for learn
ing than learning itself Τhis sentiment is found
in Χenophon's Μem. Είύ. β'. c. 6. S 39. : συντο
μωτάτη τε και ασφαλέστάτη και καλλίστη οδός,
ότι αν βούλη δοκεί αγαθός είναι, τούτο και γενέ
σθαι αγαθόν πειράσθαι,
Μη κρέμασαι από μίαν μόνην ελπίδα.-Do not hang
by one hope only :- Εpictetus expresses it thus :
ούτε ναύν εκ μιάς αγκύρας, ούτε βίον εκ μιάς ελπί
δος ορμιστέον,
Μη λυπήσαι τον ιππέα, ότι κρέμονται τα πόδιά του.-
Don't pίty the horseman ύecause his feet hang
doun :-Το those who speak of things useful as
if they were injurious,
Μην ακούς ένα, και να κρίνης δύο.-Don't hear one,
αnd judge fuo :-Τhat is, hear both sides before
you judge,
Μή πατήσης το μερμίγγι.-Don't trample upon the
αnt :-Don't insult or abuse a man because he is
your interior. , Νο man's enmity is to be despised.
Τhe very circumstance of his interiority, by induc
ing contempt, may facilitate his revenge,
Μήτε βρέχεται, μήτ' ήλιάζεται.-Ηe neither wείς
λέmself in the rαϊn, nor scorches himself in the
495-502
80 GRΕΕΚ

εun :-Το those who have nothing to vex or an

noy them.
Μήτε Διάβολον να απαντήσης, μήτε ράπισμα τον δώ
σης.-Μαμ μδιι ηeither meet the Deυίl, nor 9ίύe
ήim α sίαp :-We should avoid dangerous ren
CΟunterS.
Μήτε μέλι, μήτε μελίσσια,-Νeither honey κor bees :
-Το those who rather sacrifice what is useful than
bear a little annoyanoe,
Μήτε όρνιθας έχω, μήτε με την αλωπούν μαλλόνω.-
Ι hαυe neither chickens, κον do Ιφκαrreί μίth the
.for:-Το those who hate scandal, and wish to live
at peace with their neighbours.
Μήτε ο σκύλλος τρώγει τα άχυρα, μήτε τον γάδαρον
αφίνει να τα φάγη.-Τhe dog neither eats the είται",
πor permits ίhe αss to εαί ίt:-Τo the envious who,
even when they cannot enjoy a thing themselves,
are unwilling to see it enjoyed by others,
Μήσε το άσπρον ξεύρει, μήτε το μαύρον.- Ηe cακnot
discern unhίte from black :-Used to mark extra
ordinary stupidity. Τhe same phrase is used in
Εngland.
Μήτε το κρέας να καή, μήσε το «ουβλίον.-Νείther
ίhe meat nor the brush should be burnt :-We
should not only avoid what is glaringly wrong, but
observe the proper medium in all things.
Μήτε τ' οπίσω βλέπει, μήτε σ' εμπρός κυττάζει
Ηe looks neither behind nor before :-Το an im
μrudent man who derives no benefit from past ex
perience enabling him to avoid threatening evils.
Perhaps this proverb has its origin in the follow
ing line of the Iliad, ά, υ, 70:
oς ήδη τά τ' ιόντα, τά σ' ισσόμενα, πρό τ' ιόντα.
Μήτε τυφλόν οδηγόν, μήτε ανόητον σύμβουλον-Νεί
502-510
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 81

ther α blind guide, nor α stupid counsellor :-i. e.

Let me hαυe neither, 3 c.
Μίαν φοράν ή αλωπoυ εις την παγίδα.- Τhe for slip
ped but once into the trap :-It is wise to take pre
cautions against the recurrence of what we have
already suffered.
Μιαούρισμα του γάτου ησύχασε τα ποντίκια.-Τhe
meuring of the cat has silenced the mice :-When
the chief is present, interiors are kept in awe.
Μιάς στιγμής υπομονή, δέκα χρόνων ραχάτι.-Α
πιoment's patience is α ten year's comfort :-Εx
amples of this are frequent.
Μιά του φίλου, δυο του φίλου, τρείς-και την κακήν
του μέρα.- Οnce to α friend, turice to α friend,
ύut thrice-αnd it is his fatαl day :-Μeaning
that we can pass over one or two failures in duty,
but a third usually exhausts our forbearance,
Μια ψυχή, και δύο σώματα.-Οne soul, αnd turo
bodies :-Το those who are strongly attached to
each other, and have a striking conformity of tem
per and habits.
Μικρόν δίλεαρ όψάριον πιάνει μέγα.-Α little bαίt
catches α ιατge fish :-Το those who make small
presents and receive large ones in return ; and to
those who are easily bribed to the greatest wicked
ΥΥΘSS,

Μικρον κώλον δεν έδηρας : μέγαν μή φοβερίζης!-Ηαυe

Jou not whipped α ίittle bottom 2 threaten not α
large one !-Το parents who do not punish their
children for their faults when young, and therefore
when older they despise their authority. Α foolish
indulgence to children, at present too common,
fosters those evil propensities which, gradually ga
thering strength, turn at last to the misery of those
510-517 ΙΟ 2
82 GRΕΕΚ
ψ

parents who are guilty of it, when it is too late to

apply any remedy. \

Μύθος ψευματινός δεν είναι.-Α./αύle is not false -

Τhat is, it does not deceive. Τhe very title puts
ιus on our guard against deception. It may be ap
plied to those whose character for falsehoσd is so
notorious that no one evér believes them.
Μυλόρδος είσαι.- Υou αne α ΜπΒόab :-Μeaning,
you are a great traveller. Τhe origin of this is
easily guessed.
Μύλος με μήλα δεν γίνεται.-Α mίll is not made
ισίth αpples:-Schemes of great utility cannot
ιusually be put in exeeution without proportional
expense, Τhe Greek words μύλος and μήλα pro
duce a very graceful parohomasia, the υ and η
having nearly the same sound.
Μύς γευόμενος πίσσης,-Α mouse tasting pitch :-
Το those who get into disagreeable circumstances,
whence they find it difficult to extricate themselves.
8ee Τheocr, Ιdyίl, ιδ. υ. 51, and his Schotiast.
Μωρή με τον πέλεκυν! αυτή με το ψαλίδιον.-Ηo,
3/ou huzzy, with the ήαίchet ! but sλε, κυίth the
scissors :-Το headstrong persons who will always
Ιnave their own way.

Να είπης το σαμιαμύθι βούβαλιν, και το μερμίγγι

εσχατόγηρον-Call the iϊτανά α οκffalo, απα the
αnt ofυenerαδle years :-Τhis proverb is applied
to those who, after having lived to a mature old
5 17-523
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 83

age, desire to live still longer, until, as often hap

pens, they lose their faculties, and mistake one thing
for another in their dotage, like little children.
Νά,-και δός με,-χαρά μεγάλη.-Ηere εαέe,-αnd
9ίψe me also,-greαξjoy Α-Μutual services sweeten
the enjoyment of life,
Να, κwρα γειτόνισσα, το δικόν μου τ' όνομα.-Ταλε,
good neighbour, my ηαηe :-Τhat is, bear my re
putation, Τa bad women who would reduce ladies
of respectability tρ the same character with them
selves,
Να φτύσω πάνω, φτύνω τη μούρη μου να φτύσω κά
τω, φτύνω τα γένειά μου,-λ)" Γspit high, I spit
μpon my face , if I spit lou, I spit upon my
ύeard:-Α proverb used by persons in perplexity
what gourse ta pursue, when the alternative is
either to injure themselves, or some of their con
nexions. See p, 98.
Νεκρόν γαργαλίξει.-Ηe είckles α dead mαn :-De
noting that one's words and counsels are vain. We
say also : κωφόν, κουδούνια κ' αν κτυπάς, νεκρόν
κ' αν θυμάξης, και μεθυσμένον αν λαλής, όλα χα
μένα τάχεις.-Α deafman, if you strike the bell,
α dead man ευen if you fill his nostrils ιυίth in
cense, ακα α drunk man if you speak to him, you
ψίll eqιαίly lose your labour. Ο
Νεκρόν ακατόνει.-Ηe kills α dead mαn :-Μeaning,
he boasts of gaining advantages over one who is too
weak to offer any resistance. It is in this sense
8ophocles makes Ράϊloctetes say, υ. 946 :
Κ' ουκ ολδ' εναίρων νεκρόν, ή καπνού σκιάν,
Είδωλον άλλως, -

Νηστεύει ο δούλος του Θεού, ότι να φάγη τι δεν έχει.-

Τhe serυαnt of God fasts because he has nothing
523-529
84 GREΕκ
to eat :-Το those who endure privations from ne
cessity. -

Νόμος πόλεως, πολίτου ευλάβεια.--Τhe lau of the

city, is the respect of the citizen :-Τhe efficacy of ι
the laws depends upon the respect of those who are
subjected to them.
Νόμου φόβος, αφοβία μεγάλη.-Τhe fear of the lαιο
ίs α great security :-Ηe who fears the law and
acts in conformity with it has nothing else to fear.
Νύκτα γεννά Επίσκοπον, κ' αυγό Μητροπολίτην.-
Νight produces α bishop, αnd αn egg α metropoli
tan :-Μany changes take place in a short time,
and according to the following two verses :
Αιών πάντα φέρει δολιχός χρόνος είδεν αμείβειν
Ούνομα, και μορφήν, και φύσιν, ήδε τύχην.
Νυκτός εργόχειρον το βλέπ' ή ημέρα και γελάει.-
Τhe day sees the workmαnship of the night αηα
ιαμghs :-Τhings cannot be done well out of sea
SΟΙΠ,

Νύμφη, όχι καθώς ήξευρες, αλλά καθώς ηύρες.-

Dαιρhter-in-lαιυ, not as you knouυ, but as you
find -Τhat we should accommodate ourselves to .
the customs of the country, or of the family with
which we come to be connected. Τhere is a pas
sage very much to the same purport in Εuripid,
ΛΜed. υ. 233 :

Εις καινά δ' ήθη και νόμους αφιγμένην,

Δεί μάντιν είναι, μή μαθούσαν οίκοθεν,
"oσω μάλιστα χρήσεται ξυνευνέτη.
529-534
 ΡRovΕRΒS. 85

Α-/

Ε,

Έένο βιόν καλολογάριαστον.-Αnother's wealth is

μ'ell counted :-Το those who use means to ascer
tain the amount of another's fortune. With re
gard to the word βιόν, I have made some remarks
in a Νote to Lib. ά. S 30, of my Εdition of Ηero
dotus, preparing for publication,
Εένος τόνος ξώδερμα.-Αnother's suffering is out skin
deep :-Το those who areinsensible to the distresses
of their fellow creatures.
Εένο ψωμί, δικά του δόντια.- Τhe bread is αnother's,
the teeth his oun :-Το a parasite.
Ξεροκοκκίνισμα ή προσωπίδα του δεν το ξεύρει!-Ηis
mask knous not red pαιnt!-Το an impudent un
blushing fellow,
Εεύρει ο κεραμάς που την λαβήν να βάλη.- Τhe pοί
ter knous uhere to place the handle :-Το men of
superior shrewdness and management,
Εεύρε ν' απατήσης, ή μην απατάς.-Κnou hou to
deceive, or do not deceΐυe :-Τhose are imprudent,
looking merely to their own interest, who engage
in intrigues when they have not ability to elude
detection. Τhe ancients had a proverb to the same
effect : απάτης αγαθής ουκ αποστατεί Θεός.
Εούρισε τ' αυγό, και πάρε το μαλλί του.-Shαυe the
egg, αnd take its λαίr :-Corresponding to the
Scotch proverb, Ιt is ill (ι. e difficult) to shαυe αn
egg : or, Υe cannαίαk the breeks αίfα Ηielαndmαn.
Ξυνον κρασίον,όψάριον βρώμιον.-Sour urine, αηdstink
ing fish :-Το those who partake of no one good
quality.
535-542
 86 αRΕΕΚ

Ο αμαθής θρασύς-Τhe gnorant ανε ρουταρεoκε:

-When a man knows not danger, he is much
more enterprising than when sad experience has
made him distrust his powers. Which is also very
well expressed in Τhucγd, Είύ. Β. S 40 , αμαθία
φ"
με θράσος, λογισμός δε όκνον φέρει,
"Ο άνθρωπος υψάνει, και ο καιρός σταθμίζει.-Μακ
ναises κp ακd time leueis i-ί. ε. Αll human en
terprises and their monuments are lost in the lapse
of years, Τhis absolute power of time is very well
Ε" by an ancient poet in the following dis
tich : -

Ψήχει και πέτρην ο πολύς χρόνος, ουδε σιδήρου

Φείδεται, αλλά μιή πάντ' ολέκει δρεπάνη.
Τhe proverh admits of a somewhat different inter
pretation : Μαn raises κp, όμί είrne weighs :-ι. e.
Μan performs certain actions during his life, but
these are judged by posterity, which affixes to them
either the seal of approbation, or the stigma of con
demnation,
"Ο Ά χορός τώρα Ά ίνεσαι.- Τhe dance .
2Δ)
ίch is beginning ιιιll take p ce presently :-ι. ε.
Ηave patience and you will soρη see how the mat
ter goes, -

"Ο αυθέντης λόγε μονοσύλλαβον λέγειν-Τhe master

speαks a mρκοεμllabie π-Τhat is, ψes or no, but
servants, in defending themselves, need many words.
Ο βλάχος άρχων και αν γίνη, πάλιν πρητίας κυρί
ξει.- Τhe shepherd, ευen ιυhen he becomes a gen
543-547
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 87

tlemαn, smells αιωαγs of the lamύ -Το proud

rustics who, even when they attain to riehes and
high offices, betray, by their manners, the mean
ness of their origin. Πρητία is the bad smell of
those lambs which are called πρητήνες.
"ο Διάβολος γίδια δεν είχε, και τυρί επούλιε.- Τhe
Deυίl λαα κο 9οαts, yet he soid cheese.
"Ο Διάβολος, όταν πτωχύνη, τελώνης γίνεται.- Τhe
Deυίi, ισήen he 9roιυs poor, becomes αn ercisemαn :
-Το persons who, falling into poverty, and being
of a bad disposition, resort to dishonourable means
to procure the necessaries of life,
Ο διψασμένος πίνει με σιωπήν.-Τhe mαn tήat is
tήίrsty drinks in sίience -Τhe pradeht can never
pe induced to reveal their secrets.
"ο έχων γοργά στάμενα, γοργός και αποβάτης.-
Ηe τυho ήάε α εωίft αnimal is also α εισιft rider :
-Το those whose wealth gives them extensive in
fluence.
"ο Ηγεμών εψόφησε, το άλογον απέθανε.-Τhe prince
ήas dropped doιon, the horse is deceased.-When
words are improperty applied. Εψόφησε is used
for a beast, and απίθανε for a man, but a Walla
chian, who did not know the niceties of the Greek
Hanguage, when reporting the death of his prince,
employed the former, and for the death of his horse
he used the latter,
Ο θανών αφθόνητος.-Τhe dead man is anenυίεά -
For, as Pericles says, (ΤΑueyα. Β. S 45,) τον γάρ
ουκ όντα πάς είωθεν επαινείν -φθόνος γάξ τοις ζώσι
προς τον αντίπαλον which Μimmermus had be
fore expressed thus :
Δεινοί γάρ ανδρι πάντες εσμέν ευκλεεί
Ζώντι φθονήσαι, κατθανόντα δ' αινέσαι,
547-553
88 GRΕΕΚ

Ιebrun also, in the same sense, says :

" Οn n'aime que la gloire absente :
Les yeux sont ingrats et jaloux."
"Ο Θεός να σε φυλάξη από χρεωκόπον Εβραίον.-
God keep thee from α bankrupt Jeu :-We should
avoid all pecuniary transactions with an impover
ished miser.
"Ο θυμώσας ξεθυμώνει.-Ηe cho has been αηgry be
comes cool αραιη :-Τime abates the most violent
passion.
οι καιροί δεν καρτερούν.-Οpportunities do not uαίt:
-In every concern, we should be careful to seize
the favourable moment; for, if allowed to pass, it
may never return. "Τime and tide," says the Εng
lish proverb, " wait for no man." What Dionys.
Ηαι. Αnt. 11. p, 699, expresses thus: μαθόντες
ότι ου τοις πράγμασιν οι καιροί δουλεύουσιν, αλλά
τους καιρούς τα πράγματα.
Οίκοθεν οίκαδε.- From the house to the house:-
When presents are made to members of the same
family, as from the husband to the wife. Οn this
expression consult Ρind. Οlymp. vi, 167. vii, 6.
οι μεγάλοι κίνδυνοι, δίδουν και μεγάλας τιμάς.-
Great dangers gίυe αlso great honours :-Α senti
ment which Τhucψd. (Α', Sρμδ.) puts into the
mouth of Pericles when enlisting the Αthenians in
the war against the Peloponnesians: έκ τε των με
γίστων κινδύνων ότι και πόλει και ιδιώτη μέγισται
τιμαι περιγίγνονται,
οι ποθούντες σε (for ες) μιά μέρα γηράσκουν.-Τhose
ιυήo long, grou old ιη α dαν :-Μeaning that their
impatient desire makes a day appear an age. Τhe
oer. also, Idyll. ιβ. υ. 2, says :
οι δε ποθεύντες ενήματι γηράσκουσιν.
553-559
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 89

Οι πολλοί θέλουν πολλά, ο Μοναχός από όλα.-Τhe

mαny μίεh ηιακγ tλικρs, the Μonk αεhare of every
thing :-Denoting the avidity of the Μonks.
Οι πολλοί καραβοκυραίοι πνίγουν το καράβι.-Μαny
eommαnders εική έήe sλίp :-With respect to the
word καράβι, see my Εdition of Dem.pνο Coroκα,
χρ. 274.
"Ο κάβουρας να ορθοποδίση δεν έμαθεν,--Τhe crαι has
κοί learned έo keep his legs sέναίght :-Το those
who obstinately persist in what is wrong.
"Ο καιρός φέρει τα ξύλα, και ο χειμών τα αγοράζει.
-Τhe season brings the ιμood, ακd the winter bμys
εέ : -Τhat we should conform to times and eir
oumstances,
Ο κακός μύλος έχει και κακόν άξονα.-Α bad mill
λας αlso α bad pίυοί:-Το those who have nothing
good or useful about them.
"Ο κακός χρεωφειλέσης, ουδ' αρνείται, ουδε πληρώνει.-
Τhe bad debtor, neither denies, nor pays.
Ο κακός χρόνος περά, ο δε κακός γείτων μένει πάντα,
-Α θαd year pαsses, buέ α δαα κείghbour re
πηαίκε αίιιιαμs.
"Οκνευμα των ποδών, της κοιλίας ελάφρωσις.-Τhe lα
zίηess of the feet is the lightening of the belly :-
Το those who are hungry in consequence of their
idleness.
"Οκνηρόν ο έχων, προφήτην έχει.- Ηe who has α
είuggαrd, has α prophet -Το those who from
laziness invent many obstacles , as, I cannot go out,
it is going to rain, &c.
Οκνός μακράν υπάγει, και ακαμάσκι διπλά δουλεύει,
-Α Ια29 mαn goes.far, ακd he who shuns labour,
Ιαήours doubly :-Το those who are naturally of
an idle disposition, and in consequence choose,
without reflection, what appears shοrtest and least
560-569
90 GRΕΕΚ

troublesome, but who from the difficulties they

find in it, subject themselves to more labour.
'Οκνός παιδιά δεν κάμνει, και αν τα κάμη δεν προκό
βουν.-Τhe lazy mαn begets no children, αnd ifhe
does, they make no progress :-What is under
taken with laziness is never attended with much
SllCCGSS»

"Ο κόσμος είν' τροχός.-Τhe world is α ιυήeel:-

Αpplied to one who, dressed in a little briefautho
rity, conducts himselfhaughtily: as much as to say,
" my turn will come." Ηerodotus beautifully ex
presses this sentiment, Lib, Α'. S 207. εκείνο
πρώτον μάθε, ώς κύκλος των ανθρωπηϊων εστι πρηγ
μάτων, περιφερόμενος δε, ουκ εά αεί τους αυτούς
ευτυχεειν.
Ο κόσμος εχιονίζετο, και η γρηά εξεροχτενίζετο.-
Ευery one μαs suffering from snou, αηd the old
ιuomαn kept combing her hαίr :-Το those who, in
a moment of danger, occupy themselves about
trifies.
"Ο κόσμος τόχει βουκανιστήριον, ημείς κρυφόν μυστή
ριον.- Τhe uorld has it by sound of trumpet, αnd
ιue αne making it α profound secret :-Το those
who fancy they are concealing what is known to
every body. -

Οκταποδίου κεφαλή.-Α polypus's head :-Το mix

ed characters. It is said that the head of this
animal is very pleasant to the taste, but that it
causes disagreeable dreams.
Οκταποδίου ομοιότης.-Α likeness of the polypus :
-Το those who conform themselves to others in
vice. For that animal, when it wants to deceive
and take its prey, assumes the colour of the rock to
which it adheres.
"ολα μας ανάντελα, και ο γάμος μας την τετράδην.
569-576
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 91

-Αll our αθαίrs ανε crossuαψs, αnd our marriage

is on α Wednesday :-Τhat day is considered un
lucky. See p. 83.
"Ολα μέσα έπεσαν.-Ευery thing is fallen in :-Το
those who tell what is disadvantageous to persons
of superior merit.
"Ολα τα παλαιά ώμορφα, και τα πλούσια φρόνιμα.-
Αll that is ancient is beautiful, αnd all that is
rich is uise :-Το those who censure the present,
and praise the past, and who stupidly think that
the rich alone are wise.
Ολα τα στραβά καμώματα ή νύμφη μας τα κάμνει,
- Οur daughter-in-lαιυ does eυery mischief:-
Το those who lay their own faults upon others.
"Ολη η έννοιά μας τ' ανδρός μου ο θάνατος.-Αll our
concern is the death of my husband.-Τo the in
different.
"Ολην την ημέραν καλογιάννη, και το βράδυ κακογι
άννη.-Αll the day, good John, but at night, bad
John :-Το bad masters who, by flattering ex
pressions, induce their servants to work hard the
whole day, but in the evening depreciate their ser
vices, and give them a bad supper,
"Ολοι με εν βώδιον κάμνομεν.-We all labour uith one
or :-Το those who are placed in the same cir
cumstances, and liable to the same accidents ; cor
responding to the Εnglish proverb, " we all sailin
the same boat." -

"Ολοι με τα τρόχαλα, και συ με τα λιθάρια.-Αll

others uith pebbies, αnd thou ισίth stones -Το a
friend from whom we have experienced worse
treatment than from our enemies.
"Ολοι ξύλον, αυτός δαυλίον.-Αll the rest hαυe α stαff,
αnd he α brand :-Το one who obstinately adheres
to antiduated customs,
576-584
92 GRΕΕΚ

"Ολοι οι Γύφτοι μια γενεά-Αll έhe Gipsιes αne one

rαce -Το those who are all equally bad,
"Ολοι περούν, και 'γώ διαβαίνω.-Αll pass, ακd Ι 9ο
through them :-Τo a man of the world, who
makes himself equally agreeable to all, without
attaching himself particularly to any. What the
French would call : c'est μη diseur de bon.jour,
"ολον το βώδιον εφάγαμεν, και ε την ουράν αποστάσα
μεν,- We hαυe εαέen the u hole or, ακd tired αί
έhe έαίl, See p. 45. 1. 12.
"Ο λύκος και αν αρρώστησε, και άν, εκαλογερεύθη, τό
μαλλίον σου άλλαξε, τήν γνώμην όχι.-Αlthough
έhe ισοίf has been είck, αηd αλthough he has become
α moκά , ke has changed his hαίν, but not his dis
position.
Ο λύκος με μηνύματα αρνίον ποτε δεν τρώγει.-Α
τυοίf neυer eats α sheep by messengers : -Το these
who entrust affairs of importance to the agency of
others. Considering the prevalence of neglect
and villany in the world, the prudent never com
municate to others those schemes upon whose suc
oess their interest is suspended.
"Ο λύκος, όταν γηράση, και τών μικρών σκυλλιών
παίγνιον γίνεται.-When the woίf gνοιυs old, he
έecomes the sport ευεn of pups -Το those who,
after being distinguished in youth, are despised in
old age, even by the worthless.
"Ο λύκος την τρίχ' αλλάζει, την γνώμην όχι.-Τhe
μοίf cλαnges his hαίr, but not his disposition -
It is also thus expressed : ο λύκος κ' αν έγήρασε,
την γνώμη του δεν άλλαξε.-Τhough the wolf is
groun old, yet he has κot changed his disposition :
-Νothing is so difficult to change as a bad disposί
tion. Τhe ancients likewise said : φύσιν πονηράν
μεταβαλείν ου ράδιον.
585-591
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 93

"Ολων τα υποδήματα εις έν καλοπόδιον.- Τhe boots

of all upon one last :-Το ignorant quacks who
prescribe the same remedies for all diseases.
Ο Μανόλης με τα λόγια κτίζ ανώγεια και κατώ
γεια.-Μαnoies in words builds high storeys and
ίοιυ storeψs :-Το those who make mighty pro
mises which evaporate in mere words.
"ο μη έχων πόθεν να πιασθή, πιάνεται και από γυμνόν
σταθίον.- Ηe κυλο has nothing else to catch at,
catches eυen at α πακed surord:-Το persons
driven to desperation. See p, 61. 1. 17.
"Ομήρου έχει πατρίδα.-Ηe has the oirth-place of
Ηomer :-Το men of distinction whose birth
place is unknown, or at least disputed, as Ηomer's
was, for which honour seven cities contended,
whose names are preserved in this ancient distich :
Επτά πόλεις διερίζουσι περί βίζαν ομήρου,
Σμύρνα, Ρόδος, Κολοφών, Σαλαμίν, Χίος, "Αργος,
Αθήναι.

"Ομοιος τον όμοιο κ' η κοπριά τα λάχανα.-Ζίke

ίουes like, αnd dung the eαθύαφe:-Τhe German
say : Gleich und gleich gesellt είch 9ern.
"Ο μύλος χωρίς νερόν δεν αλέθει-Τhe mill does not
9rϊnd without water:-Without the necessary means
the best formed plans cannot be put in execution.
"Ο νεβρός τον λέοντα.-Τhe fακυn (has got the better
of) the lion :-Τhat is, the weaker has overcome
the stronger.
Ονειρεύεται και μη κοιμώμενος.-Ηe dreams ευen
uithout sleeping :-Το those who indulge in wild
fancies.
"ο νηστικός ρατάνια ονειρεύεται.-Ηe κήo is hungry
dreαms of rαdishes:-Το those who enjoy, what
they long for, in imagination,
592-600
94 GRΕΕΚ

"Ονου πείσμα.-Τhe stuύbornness of an ass:-Τo the

excessively obstinate,
"Ο νους του πωλιου εις το κεχρί.-Τhe mind of the
bίrd is on the millet :-Το those who, in their
words and actions, betray absence of mind.
Ο νους του σχίζει τρίχαν, και τον ψύλλον βάλλει
αναξυρίδας.-Ηis mind splits α λαϊr, and he
puts trousers on α fieα : -Το those who boast of
their fitness for very nice and difficult undertak
ings.
Ο ξένος αναπαύεται, πλήν δεν θεραπεύεται.-Τhe
strαnger rests, but is not cured:-i. e. Ηe cannot be
quite himself till he returns home.
"Ο παθός είν' ιατρός.-Ηe uho has suffered is the
ρήψsicίαn :-Βecause he knows best how to soothe
the aftiictions of others, Τhey say also : μη ρω
τήξης τον ιατρόν, μόνον ρώτα τον παθόν.-Consult
not the physicίαn, but him uho has suffered. See
p. 41. 1. 10.
"Οπ' ακούς πολλά κεράσια, βάσταινε μικρό καλάθι.-
When you hear of mαny cherries, carry but α
small basket :-When great professions are made,
expect but little, -

"ο πεινασμένος γάδαρος ξυλιας δεν μετράει.-Τhe

starυϊng αss does not count the blours :-Τhe poor
man is often forced to bear much in silence for the
sake of getting the bare necessaries of life.
Ο πετεινός επέταξε.- Τhe cock has.fioun :-Το hi
who comes too late, or having been absent when
something interesting was said, seeks in vain to
Κnow what it is.
"Ο Πέτρος είν' του Παύλου, κ' ο Παύλος είν' τού Πέ
τρου -Peter is Ρauls, αnd Ρaul is Ρeter's:-
Το those who love each other to excess, Τwo
persons so called, who were inseparable friends and
601-609 -
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 95

perpetually seen together, were thus designated by

the neighbours,
Οπ' έχει πρόβατ', έχει τα, κ' όπου τα βόσκει, τρώγει
τα.-Ηe uho has the sheep, has them, but he who
feeds them, eats them :-Το bad debtors, who
keep, what they owe, for their own pleasure or ad
vantage, and feed their creditors with empty hopes.
"Ο πηλός αν δεν δαρθή, κέραμος δεν γίνεται.-Ιf the
clαy is not beat, it does not become potter's clαy : -
Ιt is impossible to arrive at excellence without hard
labour and diligence.
"Οποια κρυφά υπανδρεύεται, φανερά πομπεύεται.-She
μιλο marries secretly is defamed openly.
"Οποιον δαγκάσ' ή χελώνα, ποτέ μην υγιαίνη !-Who
ευer is bit by the turtle, may he neυer be healed /-
Το good men who never do serious injury to any
body ; the bite of the turtle being so feeble as to be
quite harmless,
Οποιον δεν αγαπούν, και τα χνότα του βρωμούν.-
Whoeυer is not loυed, eυen his breath has α ύαd
smell:-Said of one who is unjustly hated.
"Οποιον δεν διορθώνει λόγος, μηδε
ράβδος.- Whom αdυίce
ιυίll not correct, the rod μrill not :-Τo the incor
rigible.
"Οποιος ακούει κόσμον, κόσμον επαίρει.-Ηe uho hears
the uorld αοquires elegance :-Το him who hears
the sentiments of gentlemen , because among the
other advantages which he derives from it, his taste
and manners are improved.
"Οποιος αναγουλιάζει, άς εξεράση.- Whoeυer loαίhes,
let him υomit :-Το repugnance,
"Οποιος βαρύνεται, ας ξεφορτώση.- Whoeuer is ουer
burdened, let him throuυ off the load :-Το those
who, doing a voluntary service, complain of the
trouble it costs them.
609-618
96 GRΕΕΚ

"Οποιος βιάζεται, γηράζει όγλίγωρα.-Ηe υλο ουεν

strαιns himselfgrous quickly old :-We ought not
to be too anxious about any thing, but proceed to
whatever we undertake with proper coolness and
deliberation-" the greater hurry, the less speed."
"οποιος βούλεται αποβραδύς, εις στέργηθρον ξημερόνει.
-Ηe ιυλο ωishes εκ the eυenϊng, in the morning
Jinds κεκseifίη ακ εκchαntment :-Το those who
dream of future greatness; it being natural that
those who think of anything in the evening should
dream of it during the night.
"οποιος δεν είδε τείχος, είδε κάμινον και ξαπόρεσε.-
Ηe who has not seen α castle, ίooks at α furnace
ακα αdmίres :-Το green-horns.
"Οποιος δεν θέλει να ζυμώση, ολημέρα κοσκινίζει.-
Ηe uήo is μηκυίlling to κηead, sίfts flour the
τυλole dαν : -Το those who do one thing as an
excuse for not doing another which they ought,
lout are unwilling to do.
"οποιος εκάη ς το ζεστον, φυσάει και το κρύον.-Ηe
ιυήo has been burnt υψ the hot, υιοιυs even upon the
eold :-Το those who, in consequence of having
suffered, ever after suspect injury even from things
that cannot hurt them.
"οαοιος έμαθε, δύσκολα απέμαθε.-Ηe cho has learn
ed, anlearns arith difficulty :--ι. e. It is difficult
to get rid of bad habits when once contracted.
"οποιος εντρέπεται, πολλά καλά στερεύεσαι.-Ηe uho
εs faint-hearted deprives himself of mαny gooα
έήίκρs :--Εnglish : " Faiat heart never gained fair
lady.''
το ερωτάει, δεν αλησμονάει.-Ηe cho asks, does
κot forget.
"οποιος έσπειρε, μή τα θερίση.-Ηe uho has soun,
mαν not reap :--It sometimes happens that one
619-627
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 97

labours, and another reaps the fruit of his la

bour.
"Οποιος ευρίσκει, χαίρεται, και όποιος γνωρίση, επαίρει,
-Ηe uho.finds, rejoices, αηd he uho knous, takes.
"Οποιος έχει αμπέλιον, ας βάλη εργάτας.-Ιet him
ιυήo has the υϊneyard send labourers to it :-Ηe
who has use for any thing, is the proper person to
look after it. With regard to the word εργάτης,
see the learned Νοte of Coray in his Εdit. of Χen.
Μem. Είb. Δ. c. vii, S 2. on the expression έg
γον αποδείξασθαι.
"Οποιος έχει γένεια, τρώγει ψάρια.-Ηe uho has a
όeard, eats.fish :-Το those who have the means
and power of doing what they please.
"Οποιος έχει ξένο άλογον, μισοδρομίς πεζεύει.-Ηe
μήo has α horse not his oun, goes halfυαν οι
Joot :-What is not our own does us but little
good.
"Οποιος έχει πολύ πέπερι, βάλλει και , τα λάχανα.
-Ηe τυλο has plenty of pepper, puts it eυen into
cαύbage :-Το those who, abounding in money,
throw it away on what is not necessary.
"Οποιος έχει τα γένεια, έχει και τα χτένια.-Ηe ιυήo
λαs α beard, has also combs :-Αpplied to those
who give indiscreet advice, as much as to say, Ι
have made my calculations,
"Οποιος έχει τον πόνον, φέρει τον, οι δε γείτονες κοι
μώνται. Ηe uho has pain, bears it, but the neigh
bσμrs sleep -Το those who, in their sorrow, ex
perience no sympathy from those around them.
"Οποιος ζή μ' ελπίδας, αποθνήσκει μ' άνεμους.-Ηe
ινήo liυes uίth hopes, dies uίth the winds :-We
should strive to improve our circumstances by ac
tive industry, and not soοthe our indolence by vi
sionary hopes.
627-635
- Ε
Ω8 GRΕΕΚ

"Οποιος ζήσει, άς ζώνεται.- Let him uho shall be

αliυe, gird himself:-Τauntingly, to a selfish per
son ; as for instance, one who allows his children
to shift for themselves, having no care of what
may happen after his death.
"Οποιος κεντά τον γάδαρον, ακούει ταις πορδαίς του.-
Whoeυer pricks the ass, hears its revenge :-We
should not provoke bad people, lest they let loose
their foul tongue upon us.
"Οποιος και τη ξέρι (or την ξηράν) περπατεί, την θά
λασσαν γυρεύει, ο Διάβολος του κώλου του, κουκιά
σου μαγειρεύει.- Whoeυer trαυerses the dry land,
αnd explores the sea, the Devilbehind his back pre
pares α dish ofbeans :-Οr, in plain language, him
who quits his home, and ransacks sea and land in
pursuit of wealth, the Devil or his own evil desti
ny spurs on to his ruin. -

"Οποιος ς τους λόγους σου θαρρεί, τα λόγιά σου πι

στεύει, ε την θάλασσαν πιάνει λαγό και , την ξη
ραν ψαρεύει.- Whoeυer trusts to your statements,
αnd belieυes your uords, catches α hare in the
seα, αnd fishes on dry land :-Το one who is un
worthy of belief.
"Οποιος τρίβει ψεύματα, εις το πινάκιόν του τα ευρί
σκει.- Whoeυer pounds falsehoods, finds them on
ήis pίαte :-Το those who, saying what is false, are
repaid by being called liars.
"Οποιος φτύει τον ανήφορον, φτύει το πρόσωπόν του.-
Whoeuer spits upuards, spits on his oun.face :-
i. e. Ηe who despises his own relatives, dishonours
Ηimself; or, οπού φτεί τον ουρανόν, φτεί τα μούτρά
του.-Ηe uho spits touards the sky, spίts on his
oun face. See p, 83.
"Οπου λαλούν πολλοί πετεινοί, αργεί να ξημερώση.-
When many cocks crou, the dαψ-light is sloιυ in
636-642 -
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 99

αppearing :-Μeaning, that the counsels of a mul

titude of weak men tend to fetter and obstruct,
rather than to promote any desired object. Ηomer,
Β. iii. υ. 151, although intending, upon the whole,
to give a favourable description of the Τrojan 8ena
tors, compares them to balm-crickets, probably to
represent the noise and weakness of their speeches.
Α' . •- φ. w Α' ' 2 2

2
Γήρα δή πολέμοιο πεπαυμένοι, αλλ αγορηται
ν Α" - " «/ c/
Εσθλοί, τεττίγεσιν εοικότες, ούτε καθ' ύλην
Λ' % , Α. Λ. 2" Α" Ο -

Δενδρέω εφεζόμενοι όπα λειριόεσσαν ιείσιν.

"Οπου "ναι καλοροίζικος, γεννά και ο κοκόττος του.-
Ρor him uho is lucky, eύen the cock lays eggs.
"Οπου ο κόσμος και ο Κοσμάς.- Whereυer there is α
"ν croud, there is Cόsmas :-Το one who thrusts his
nose into every thing.
Οαού τρώγει λινοκούκι, τρώγει το ποκάμισόν του.-
Ηe thαt εαts.fίαα-seed, eats ήis shirt -Το those
who destroy what may be the means of future ad
vantage.
"οπου φόβος, εκεί και εντροπή-Whereυεr there is
fear, there is also respect :-Το those who,
through fear, pretend kindness,
"Οπου φτύσουν πολλοί, πηγάδιον γίνεται.- Where
mαny spίt, there is formed α ιυell:-Τhe vote of
a multitude carries weight with it.
"Οπου φτωχός, κ' η μοίρά του.-Whereuer α pooν
rman is, there also is his destiny :-Το him who
is always unfortunate. It intimates how difficult
it is for a poor man to rise above his condition,
"Οπως στρώσει καθένας θα κοιμηθή.-Ευery one will
sleep αs he makes his bed.
"Οσα βρέχει ο ουρανός, ή γή καταπίνει.- What the
λεαυen shouyers doun, the earth drinks μp :-Ιn
allusion to the passive nature of the earth, which is
642-650
 100 GRΕΕΚ

indebted for all its fecundity to the active influence

of what comes from above, namely, heat and mois
ture , but the moral lesson of the proverb looks to
that higher source, whence we derive all that we
enjoy.
"Οσα δεν φθάσ' ή αλωπού, τ' αφίνει κρεμαστά.-
Υhat the for cannot reach, he allous to hang :-
Το theartfully wicked, who feign friendship, when
they have no hope of accomplishing their ends,
"Ο Σήμ, Χάμ, και Ιάφεθ, οι υιοί του Νώε, ποιον είχον
διά πατέρα ;-Shem, Ηαn, αnd Japheth, the sons
of Νoah, uhom had they for a father 2-Used on
witnessing extraordinary stupidity; for this ques
tion, put to a person who was passing his exa
mination, threw him into great perplexity.
"Οσον εμπρός, ανάποδα.-Τhe more he αdυαnces, the
more he retreats :-Το those who, the farther they
proceed, recede the farther from their purpose.
"Οσον θέλεις, μαύρε, νίψου, και μελαγχροινε σφογ
γίσου.-Νegro, uash as much as you please, αnd,
ψou uith the tαιuny skin, sponge as much as you
ρlease :-Το impossibilities.
"Οσον καιρό μ' ώμίλεις, εμετρούσα πόσαις μυίαις κά
θουνταν , την ουρά του Ά the time you
spoke to me, Γιυαs counting hou many flies sat
on the tαίl of the ass :-Τhis alludes to the case
of a depraved daughter, who, when admonished by
ber mother, returned this answer as the reward of
Ηer pains.
"Οσον ο νους μου ς το χωράφιον, τόσον να ευρεθούν τα
βώδια.-Μαψ the oaen be found, just as much in
ίhe field, αs my mind is :-Το those who take no
trouble for the sake of others.
Οσος είσαι πάντα φαίνου, και κομμάτι παρακάτω -
Αluays αppear uhat you are, andα little below it,
" 650-657
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 101

"Οσσ' εν ονείρω φέρειν-Το possess chat μαs in one's

dream :-i. e Great riches. See Τheocr. Ιdyll.
θ'. υ. 16, and his Scholiast.
"Οστις δις εναυάγησεν, αδίκως κατηγορεί τον Ποσειδώ
να.-Ηe uho has turice suffered shipureck, un
justly αocuses Νeptune :-Το those who repeated
Ιy expose themselves to the same dangers.
"Οταν βγάνης και δεν βάνης, πάντεχε τον πάτον πιά
νεις.-When you take out, αnd do not put in, eτ
pect to reach the bottom.
"Οταν δίδη ο Θεός τ' αλεύρι, επαίρ' ο Διάβολος το σακ
κί.-When God giυes flour, the Devil takes the
sack :-Το a person who ruins his natural endow
ments by his immoral conduct.
"Οταν διψάη ή αυλή σου, έξω νερόν μήχύνης.-When
thy oun court-yard thirsts, don't pour the uater
αbroad :-If we have poor relatives, we ought
first to give some assistance to them. In this
sense, charity begins at home, and, afterwards, it
should, if possible, extend to others.
"Οταν επήγαινες, (or, όταν συ κινούσες,) εγώ εγύριζα.
- When you were going, Ι μαs returning :-Το
an impertinent stripling, who would have his word
go farther, than that of a person of great experi
ΘΥΠΟΘ, -

"Οταν έπρεπε, δεν έβρεχε, και τον Μάϊον, εχιόνιξε.-

When it ought, it ταιned not, αnd in Μag, it
snoured :-Το what is out ofseason.
"Οταν επώλουν, ας αγόραζες.-Υou should have
bought, uhen Ι ισαs selling :-Το those who make
unseasonable requests.
Οφαν ίδης αρκούδαν εις του γείτονές σου τ' αμπέλιον,
έλτισε την και εις το δικό σου.-When you see α
bear in you neighbour's υιneyard, eapect it also
in your oun ,-Α person should never be an idle
658-666
-102 GRΕΕΚ

spectator, when his neighbour is visited by any ca

lamity, for if he does not assist him in removing
it, he has good reason to fear that it may extend to
himself,
"Οταν κλέπτουσι μή κλέπτης, και όταν διαλαλούσι
μή φοβήσαι.-When they roύ, ραrtake not; αηd
uhen they αdυertise, feαν ηοί.
"Οταν λαλούν οι κόρακες, φεύγουν τ' αηδόνια,-When
the crous sing, the nightingales take uring :-or,
οι κόρακες επιβάλλουν σιωπήν εις τ' αηδόνια-Τhe
crous impose silence on the nightingales:-When
fools speak, the wise hold their tongue.
"Οταν λέγης, και δεν σ' ακούουν, τάξε το, ότι είσαι 'ς
τον μύλον.- When you speak, αnd they don't hear
3/ou, suppose yourself in α mill :-From want of
proper training, it often happens in social meet
ings, that, when a person in the company wishes
to speak, and can speak well, some of the party,
not feeling inclined to hear him, commence a se
parate conversation, and gradually every one begins
to speak to his neighbour, till at last nothing is
heard but a confused jargon of broken sentences,
so that no one knows either what he says or what
he hears, Τhe inventor of this proverb condemns
very happily the rudeness of such men , as, in a
mill, the rushing of the water, and the rattling of
the machinery, render it difficult for those who are
in it to make themselves heard, unless they have
the lungs of a Stentor, -

"Οταν ο οίκος του γείτονές σου καίεται, πάντεχε και

τον δικόν σου.-When your neighbour's house is on
.fire, look to your oμη,
"Οταν πεινάη ή αλωπού, καμένεται ότι κοιμάται.-
When the for is hungry, he pretends that he is
αsleep -Το persons who are poor, but at the
666-671
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 103

same time cunning, and who use many shrewd ex

pedients to procure the necessaries of life: as the
fox counterfeits sleep, when ht wants to deceive
and catch the chickens.
"Οταν σου λέγουν πως μεθάς, βάστα τον τοίχον, πή
γαινε-When they tell you, you are dζunk, hold
ύy the uall, αηd go on :-It is sometimes good
policy to yield to public opinion, and act as if it
were just. - -

"Οτι αγαπάς με, κλαίω ότι δε με μισείς, γελώ.-Βe

cause you loυe me, Γιueep , because you hate me,
Γιαιφή -Τhe feigned love of an enemy is fa
vourable to his assaults, but when his enmity is
declared, we are put upon our guard.
"Ο τι δεν απόθεσες, μή το σηκώσης.-Do not lift, ιuhat
9ou hαυe not ιαίd doun :-Το those who carry
of what belongs to others. Τhe ancients also said :
ά μή έθου, μή ανέλης.
"Ο τι έβρεξε, κατέβη.- What it rαϊned, cαme doun :
-Το obvious consequences.
"Ο τι είχεν η γρηά ς τον νούν της, τόβλεπε ς το όνει
ρόν της.- What the old comαn had in her mind,
that she sαιυ in her dream :-Το vain hopes aris
ing from meditating constantly on a desired object.
"Ο τι κάμν' ή γίδα και τον ερυθρόν, κάμνει κ' ο ερυθρός
'ς την γίδα.- What the goat does to the sumach
tree, that the sumαch-tree does to the goat :-Τhey
say that this shrub is a favourite with the goats,
and at the same time useful in tanning their skins,
and that, when eaten down to the roots, it grows
up stronger than before, and forms a more power
ful agent in preparing the skins of these animals.
"Ο τι τύφλα, κ' ό τι μ ο ύνζα.-i. e. Τhere is no diί
ference betureen ΤΥΡΗτ.Α αnd ΜουΝΖΑ :-Τhess
words are synonymous, and signify theact ofthrust
671-678
104 GRΕΕΚ

ing out the hand with the fingers extended against

the face of another in contempt. Τhe proverb is
used to express that one person is equally vicious
with another.
"Ο τοίχος έχει αυτιά, κ' η πεδιάδα μάτια.- Τhe uαll
Μιαs ears, αηd the pίαιη has eyes :-It is necessary
to preserve a profound silence with regard to se
orets, for men are apt to found conjectures upon
the slightest hints, and perhaps to find their way
to the truth.
Ο το πρωί μή γελών, μηδε το μεσημέριον.-Ηe who
Ιαμghs not in the morning, laughs not at noon :-
Το those who are always unhappy.
Ο το πρωνόν κακός, το βραδύ χειρότερος.-Ηe who is
bad in the morning, is worse in the evening :-Το
those who are wicked from their infancy. It is
also turned thus : από το πρωί φαίνεται η καλή
ημέρα.-Α./ine day sheus itself in the morning.
8ee p. 51. 1. 8.
Ο τρελός είδε την χάριν, κ' εχάρη, ο δε φρόνιμος ελυ
πήθη.-Τhe fool sau α kindness, αnd rejoiced;
the prudent sau it, αnd uαs υered :-Τhe envi
ous are worse than fools.
"ο τρελός κουδούνι δεν βαστάει.-Τhe fool holds no
θell :-Το those who behave themselves ill so pub
licly that no bell is necessary to make it known.
Ο τρελός τον βουρλισμένο σαν τα μάτιά του τον έχει.
- Τhe fool loυes the fool like his oun eyes.
Ουδ' άγιον κηρίμή τάξης, ουδε παιδιού μικρού κολλού
ρι-Νeither promise war to the sαϊnt, nor cαkes to
the child:-Βetter not promise, than promise and
not fulfil. -

ουδε συ παπά ς τα Φώτα, ουδ' εγώ ς τον αγιασμόν

σου.-Νeither thou priest αί Εpiphany, nor Ι at
thψ purification -Το persons who are at vari
ance with one another , as much as to say, I wish
678-686
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 105

neither to benefit you, nor to be obliged to you.

Αt Εpiphany the priests visit private families, car
rying with them holy water , and after blessing
the people, they receivein return a voluntary gift,
more or less, according to the circumstances of the
donors. Purifications are made in general at the
beginning of each month.
Ουδε την μύτην του να σφογγίση δεν ξεύρει.-Ηe does
not knou hou to uίpe his nose :-Τo a simpleton.
Ουδε τον Αίσωπον επάτησε.- Ηe has not even hand
Ιed άΞsop :-Το persons who are very ignorant
Τhe ancients considered those as such, who were
unacquainted with ΑΕsop's Fables.
ουδε τρίτος είναι, ουδε τέταρτος.-Ηe is neither third
ηor fourtή :-Τo a worthless person,-derived
from the answer which the Pythoness made to the
Μegareans, who, proud of their nobility, went to
consult her :-

"Υμείς δ', ώ Μεγαρείς, ούτε τρίτοι, ούτε τέταρτοι,

ούτε δυωδέκατοι, ούτ' εν λόγω ούτ' εν αριθμό,
Τhese lines are found in Suidas, under υμείς ώ
Μεγαρείς, in the Scholiast of Τheocr. Ιdyll. xiν.
υ, 48, and Τzetz, Chil. ix. cap. 291, υ. 890, and
891. Τhis last author writes Αιγιείς, referring
the answer to the inhabitants of ΑΕgium in Αch
aia, instead of Μegara. Τhis oracle passed into a
proverb, and there is found in an Εpigram of
Callimachus, upon one Callignotus, who had de
serted his mistress, (Callim. Εpig. 26. υ. 5 and 6.)
the following lines :
Νύν δ' ο μεν άλλης δή θέρεται πυρί, της δε ταλαίνης
Νύμφης, ώς Μεγαρέων, ου λόγος, ούτ' αριθμός.
Ούτε γερόν (for υγιηρον), το στρώμα, ουδ' άρρωστον, η
τράπεζα.-Νeither the bed, the healthy, nor the
686-690 Ε2
 106 GRΕΕΚ

ίαble, the sίck, i. e receives :-Το those who can

not feign, and who cannot keep within the house.
Ούτε μέλι εφάγαμεν, ούτε η καρδία μας κόφτει.-
We hαυe neither εαten honey, nor are our hearts
sίck uith it :-Ηe who is free from guilt, is free
also from the stings of conscience,
Ούτε ο πτωχός, ούτε ο λόγος του.-Νeither the beg
gar, nor his uord :-i. e. Αre good for any thing.
Ουχί τα εισερχόμενα, αλλά τα εξερχόμενα.-Νot
ιυjiat enters, but uhat comes out :-Τhis is said to
those who are very scrupulous in observing Lent,
and who do not on that account sin less with their
tongue. Τhe object of it is to remind them, that
it is not what one eats that constitutes a sin, but
what proceeds out of the mouth. In general, it
may be remarked, that religion ought to be in the
Ιneart, and in the love which we bear to God and
our fellow men, and not in idle ceremonies, which
are often nothing more than the mask of hypocrisy.
See Μatth. c. 15, υ. 17, and Μark, c. 7, υ. 18.
"Ο φρόνιμος αν γελασθή, ς ολίγον δεν γελιέται.-lf
the uise man be deceiυed, it is not by α trifie.
'Οχια από το προσήλιον.-Α υίper from basking εκ
the sun :-Το those who say what is harsh or bit
ter. From the ancient proverb : προσηλία έχιδνα.
"Οχι αυγόν, μόνον κόκκον.-Νot αn egg, only the yolk :
-Το those who always repeat the same things.
"Οχι όλα τα πετώμενα και τρωγόσιμα.-Αll that
Jlies is not eαίαύle :-Το those who promise im
possibilities. -

"Ο χορτασμένος τον νηστικόν δεν τον πιστεύει.-Τhe

full does not belieυe the hungry :-What an Αn
: cient expresses thus : έκαστος εκ των ιδίων κρίνει
τα αλλότρια. - See Χ, under χορτασμένος, &c.
"Οψιμος υιός με κύριν δεν θερίζει.-Τhe tardy scη
reaps not uith his father.
690-699
 ΡRovΕRΒs. 107

Παλαιά αλωπού , την παγίδα δεν πιάνεται.-Αn old

Joa is not to be cαught in α trap :-Το men of
prudence and experience, who are not to be easily
οver-reached.
Παλαιός γάτος αγαπά ποντίκια νέα.-Αn old cat
likes young mice :-Τhis proverb is used with re
gard to old men, who, notwithstanding their age
and decrepitude, attach themselves to young wo
ΙΥlΘΙl»

Παλαιός εχθρός φίλος δεν γίνεται.-Αn old enemy

becomes not α.friend.
Πάν' αλλού να τα πωλήσης.-Go elseuhere to sell
them :-Το those who relate fables, in which no
one puts any faith, Αs if it was said : " Υou
must go into a distant country to make these lies
pass." Τhe French say also ; α ύeau mentir guί
υϊent de loin.
Πάντα να "ν ο στρατηγός μου, βγάζ' οκτώ, και τρώ
γει δίκα-Μαψ my general liυe for eυer ! out
of eight he spends ten :-Οf a spendthrift who,
exceeding his income, and keeping no order in his
house, has the good wishes of those who profit by
his profusion.
Παπατρέχας.-Running-priest -Τo a man who
runs right and left. See the Ρrolegomena, in mo
dern Greek, of the second book of the Iliad; Βο
ίissίαn edition.
Παπά φαγί, και Διάκου βούκα.-Μeal of α priest,
ηομthful of α deacon :-Το an excellent dish ;
700-706
108 ακΕΕκ
derived from a certain popular opinion, that the
higher orders of the priesthood are addicted to
good living, of which they only allow a slight par
ticipation to the interior brethren.
Παρηγοριά , τον άρρωστον όσω να ξεψυχήση.-Con
solation to the sίck, until he erpίres :-Το those
who administer vain consolations.
Πάρ' τον ένα κτύπα τον άλλον.- Τακe the one, αnd
beat the other -Το two persons, of whom the
one is as bad as the other.
Πάσα πομπή με την παρηγοριάν της είναι.-Ευery
oppνουνίum carries urith it consolation :-Το those
who seek to justify their own faults, by glossing
over their motives , or to those who find consola
tion in the attainment of their object.
Παστρική καλή Θοδώρα, και λαδοπερεχυμένη!-Fine,
clean Τheodorα ! αnd oil αll ουer !-Το slattern
Ιy and awkward women. Τhe word πάστρα,
oleακίiness, whence παστρικός, clean, is derived
from παστός, synonymous with νυμφών, marriage
ύed, it being prepared with particular attention.
Παστρικός σαν μυξομάντιλο.-Clean αs α pocket
ήandkerchief:-Το one who is not neat, and fi
guratively, to one who has not a clean conscience,
Παχέα λόγια.-Βig urords :-Το great boasters.
"Παχεία κοιλιά δεν ηύρε την πυρίτην.-Α Jat belly did
not inυent gun-pourder -Τhat is, he who makes
a god of his belly, dulls the edge of his mental
powers. Τhe ancients have said :
Γαστής παχεία, λεπτον ου τίκτει νόον.
Πέντε βώδια, τρία ζευγάρια.-Fΐυeoren, three pαίrs:
-Ιronically to a man of little intelligence.
Πέντε μήνας, εξ αδράχτια.-Fίυe months, είr spin
dles :-Ιronically to lazy women. Τo the same
706-715
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 109

purport as the popular Scotch song :-Τhe Weary

Ρund o' Τουc.

" I thought my wife would end her life

Βefore she span her tow."
Τhe word αδράχτιον, or αδράκτιον, is from άτρα
χ,70ς,

Περί όνου σκιάς.-Αbout the shadou of an ass:-Το

those who raise disputes about nothing. From the
story of a law-suit between a muleteer and a tra
veller respecting the shadow of an ass, which the
latter had hired of the former, who alleged that,
although he had let the body of the animal, he had
not let its shadow, and must have an extra remu.
neration if it was made use of; treated in a mas
terly manner, in German, by Wieland.
Περισσότερα αρνιακά, παρά προβιαί-Μοre lamυ
skins, than sheep skins :-Τhat life is exposed to
more dangers during the season of childhood, than
in maturity,
Πέρυσι εκάη, κ' εφέτος εμύρισιν.-Ιαst year it υαs
υurnt, αnd this, it is smelt:-Το things which are
perceived when it is too late.
Πέσε πήτα να σε φάγω.-Fall cake, that I may eat
thee :-Το one who will take no trouble for any
thing;. or, to an easy-tempered man who permits
himself to be led by his wife or others, Πήτα is
derived from πήσσω, and is also written πήττα.
Πές μι με ποιον πάς, να σε πω το τί αξίζεις.-Τell
me uίth μιλom you go, that Ι may tell you your
υαlue :-Εvery one ought to take care with whom
be associates, because it is natural to judge of per
sons by the company they keep.
Πές το, πίς το !-το κορίτσι έκαμε την γρηά και
θέλει.-Repeat it ! repeat it !-the girl has made
715-721
110 GRΕΕΚ.

the old lady consent :-Το those who yield at last

to importunity. Κορίτσι, from κορίσκιον.
Πήτα που δεν τρώγεις, τί σε γνοιάζει αν καίητα. -
Cake that you eat not, what care you that it is
ύurnt 2-Τhat it is needless to distress ourselves
where we are not necessarily concerned.
Πιάσε τον τυφλόν, κ' έπαρέ του τα μάτια.-Seize
the blind, αηd take from him his eyes :-From him
who has nothing, nothing can be taken. Αccord
ing to the expression which Lucian has put into
the mouth of Μenippus, who says to Charon, when
hp presses him to pay his fare, ουκ αν λάβοις παρά
του μη έχοντος.-From him teho has nothing,
3/ou can receive nothing. Αn expression which is
also used sometimes proverbially.
Πιβού , τα καλώς λεγμένα, ας ήναι κ' απ' εχθρό.-
Listen to uhat is well sαίd, let it be ευen from ακ
enemy :-Τhat one ought not to be obstinate, when
one is conscious ofbeing wrong, but, on the con
trary, to draw advantage even from the censures of
an enemy. Ηesiod also says, (Οp, aud D. υ.
295.) .

Εσβλός δ' αύ κακείνος, ός εύ ειπόντι πίθηται,

Πλίει σαν το λάδι.-Ηe.fίοαts like oil :-Ηethrows
the blame of his own faults upon others, and al
ways appears innocent himself.
Πόδημ' απ' τον τόπον σου, ας ήν και μπαλλωμένον.-
Α boot.from thy oun country, let it be eυen patch
ed :-Τhe greater number of those who have not
become cosmopolites will agree with this proverb.
Πόθεν είναι το κλωναράκιον , από τούτο το δενδράκιον,
-" Whence is this tuίg ?" " From this shruυ ."
721-727
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. ΙΙΙ

-Το disorderly young persons, sprung from pa

rents of the same habits.
Ποιος έφαγε το μέλι , όποιος έχει την μυϊαν ς το
σκιάδιον.-" Who has eaten the honey 2" " Ηe
that has the fly on his umbrellα :"-Το persons of
a suspicious appearance,
Ποίος έχει εις χείράς του το μέλι, και δεν γλείφει τα
δάκτυλά του - Who has honey in his hands, and
licks not his fingers 2-Το those who derive ad
vantage from the trouble which they take in trans
acting the business of others.
Ποίος καλοδανείζεται, όποιος καλοπληρώνει.-" Who
borrous easily ?" " Ηe uho pαψε punctually."
Πολεμικός για επωμίδια.-Μilitary for the sake of
epαμlets :-Το those young men who make choice
of the military profession, rather for the uniform
than for any other thing. Τhe ancients had also
the adage : γλυκύς απείρω πόλεμος,
Πολλά εξεύρ' ή αλωπού, ο δ' ακανθόχοιρος έν και καλ
λίτερον.-Μαny things knous the foα , υut the
porcupine one, αnd ύetter :-Τo the most cunning;
because the porcupine when it sees another ani
mal coming against it, shrinking within itself, e
rects its quills as a rampart.
Πολλοί αποθαμένοι κάθηνται ς του αρρώστου το κεφά
λι.-Μαny dead ατe sitting at the head of the
sick :-Μany of those who visit a sick person die
before him.
Πολλών η πείνα γίνεται διδάσκαλος.-Ηunger becomes
the teacher of many :-Wunt often calls into exer
cise the industry and activity of the poor.
Πόσος είν' ο κάβουρας, και πόσον το φαγί του!-Ηouυ
ηιuch is the craύ ! and hou much his contents !-
Το persons who are of no great value,
Πόσος ο ύπνος σου, και πόσον όνειρον είδες ;-Ηοιυ
727-736
Ι 12 GRΕΕΚ

long thy sleep 2 αnd uhat the length of thy

dream 2-Το those who affect impatience upon any
subject.
Πότε κολοκύνθιον, πόσ' εστράβωσ’ η ουρά του ;-When
ήas he become a gourd 2 ιυήen has he bent his
stem 2-Το those who, while still in early youth,
perversely pursue an irregular course.
Πότε-μήλα, πότε-φύλλα.-Sometimes-αpples ;
sometimes-leαυes :-Τhat the fortune of men is"
not always the same; for, as Simonίdes has said :
Ουδέν εν ανθρώπoισι μένει χρήμ' έμπεδον αιεί.
Πότε-πητα και φλασκί, πότε-πητα μοναχή.-
ΑSometimes-cake αnd bottle , sometimes-cake α
ιone :-Ιn the same sense as the preceding. φλα
σκι is derived from φιάλη.
Πού πάγεις γίδα , πάγω ς την πόλιν αν σ' αφή
σουν, πάγεις και παρέκει.-" Where goest thou
she-goat 2" " Ιgo to the city ," " Ιf they permit
thee, thou ισίlt go farther yet :"-Το persons whose
forwardness requires checking. Νearly to the same
purport as the Εnglish proverb;- Gίυe α rogue
sufficient rope, αηd he will hαng himself.
Πού υπάγεις κακή τύχη , , του πολυτέχνου τον οί
κον.-" Where goest thou bαd fortune 2" " Το
the house of the mαn of mαny αrts :"-Το those
who exercise many arts, and, having learned none
perfectly, remain always poor.
Προπατεί σαν τον πάγουρα.-Ηe uυαlks αs α crαύ:-
Τhat is, Ηis affairs go ill; which is also expressed
by one word, καρκινοβατεί,
Προσκύνα γαμβρέ! δόξα σοι ο Θεός.-" Βridegroom,
sαιute !" " Μαν God be blessed f"-Το a person
who has been kept long in expectation, and whose
patience has been put to the proof.
736-743
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 113

Προσωποιημένη αεικινησία.-Perpetuαι motion per

sonified :-Τo a restless person.
Πταίει ο ράφτης, και δαίρουν τον μάγειρον.-Τhe
tαιlor is in fαιult, αηd they beat the cook :-Το
punishments which are not inflicted on the real
offender ; or, as the Εnglish say,-Τhe saddle is
not put on the right horse.
Πτερνιστέρια μη λακτίζεις.-Κick not the spurs :-
Τhis puts us in mind of σκληρόν σοι προς κέντρα
λακτίζειν in the Αcts of the Αpost. c. xxvi. υ. 14.
ΑΕschylus also in his Ρrometh. υ. 321:
Ούκουν, έμοιγε χρώμενος διδασκάλω
Προς κέντρα κώλον εκτενείς, ορών ότι
Τραχύς μόναρχος ουδ' υπεύθυνος κρατεί,
Πτωχός και τιμημένος.-Ρoor απd honest:-Το a
man of integrity who, notwithstanding his poverty,
is not tempted by a thirst after riches: a poverty
which is often a title of honour, when the causes
are independent of ourselves ; for, as Αntiphαnes
Ηlas said:

Καλώς πένεσθαι μάλλον, ή πλουτείν κακώς.

Ρericles also says, in his funeral oration over those
who had fallen in the first year of the Peloponne
sian war ; (Τhucyd. Liύ. Β. S 40.) και το τέ
νεσθαι ουχ ομολογείν τινι αισχρον, αλλά μή δια
φεύγειν έργω, αίσχιον.
Πτωχός ότι δύναται, πλούσιος ό τι θέλει.-Ρoor
ιυλαί he can, rich what he τυίll.
Πυρρώνιος απορία.-Ρψrrhonic doubt :-Το those
who doubt always, and believing nothing to be as
it appears, never bring their opinions to any con
clusion. From Pyrrho the founder of this system
of sceptical philosophy.
744-749
114 GRΕΕΚ

Πώς παν κόρακα τα παιδιά σου : όσον παν, μαυρίζουν,

-" Crou, ήouυ goes it υίth thy children 2" " Τhe
more they grou, the more they blacken !"-Το those
who advance in evil as they advance in years.

"Ράφτε ξήλωνε, δουλειά να μη σου λείψη.-Seu and

ιμηseu, that uork may neυer.fαίl /ou :-Το a per
son without method, who, before finishing one thing,
begins another, and then another, without bringing
any one of them to perfection. ξηλόνω, from εξ and
ήλος.
"Ρίχνει πετριαίς.-Ηe throus stones:-Used when
one, in conversation, attempts to wound the feel
ings of another indirectly.
"Ρωτά με να σε ρωτώ, να περνώμεν τον καιρόν.-Ques
tion me, that I mαν φuestion you, in order that ιυe
may put off the time :-Το trifiers, who speud
their time in asking idle questions,

Σαν αστραπή το χέρι του', του φίλου το δισσάκι.-Ηis

ήαnd flies like Είο ιnto his friend's μαllet :
-Το those who, under the pretext of friendship,
steal the property of their neighbours.
Σάν ζουρλός το τύμπανονι-Αs α.fool, the drum, i. e.
beats :-Τo incessant talkers.
Σάν κηφήνας κελαδεί.-Ηe μιαrύles like α drone: -
750-756
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 115

Το braggadocios ;-fellows with bold words, but a

" plentiful lack of wit."
Σάν ο σκύλλος , την πετροβολιάν-Like α dog at
the throuring of a stone:-Το those who, instead
of their real aggressors, wreak their vengeance
upon the innocent, as the dog attacks the stone in
stead of the person who throws it at him.
Σάν της κουκκουβάϊας το πωλίον.-Like the ouί
οίrd :-Αpplied to unexpected good fortune. Τhe
owl, as we have said elsewhere, (See p, 70.) being
a bird of good omen.
Σάν το γουρούνιον , την λάσπην.-Αs the pig, to
the mίre :-Το those who constantly relapse into
their old vices,
Σαράντα τ' άλογον, κ' εξήντα το σαμάριον.-Forty
for the horse, αnd sίαty for the saddle :-Το per
sons of low extraction and without education, who,
having acquired riches by a lucky hit, dress and
decorate themselves in a manner unsuitable to their
former condition. Τhe author of this proverb con
demns, with much humour, the gross vanity of
these persons, comparing them o horses of small
worth, while he likens their rich dresses to the
saddles that are wont to be put upon more valu
able animals.
Σε παρακαλώ κ' εγώ κ' η σκούφιά μου.-Βotή Γαηd
my cap prαν γou :-Used when a person, halfin
jest, halfin earnest, insists upon one doing a thing
which he evinces an unwillingness to do,
Σε το λέγω πεθερά, διά να τ' ακούσ’ ή νύφη.-Ι tell
it to you, mother-in-lαιυ, that the daughter-in-lαιυ
may hear it :-It is sometimes best that children
should receive counsel from third parties, and not
directly from those with whom the instruction οι
reproof originates,
756-762
1 16 Ο RΕΕΚ

Σήμερον εκινήσαμεν, και αύριον,-πόσαις έχομεν;-Το

day ue sίαrted, αηd to-morrou,-uhat day of the
month is it 2-Το those who, having embarked in
any undertaking, begin thoughtlessly in the very
outset to talk of its completion.
Σήμερον με τον άνεμον, και αύριον με τον άγουρον.-
Τo-day with the wind, αηd to-morrou uith the
oridegroom :-Το those who, by committing ab
surdities in the vain hope of attaining some desired
object, stupidly involve themselves in misfortune,
Τhe proverb had its origin among the country
people in this way : Α silly young woman was in
the habit of annoying her mother by saying to her:
" Μother, I want a husband, how long will you
keep me unmarried ?" Τhe poor mother, wearied
by her folly, said to her one day: " Go to the
balcony, and if you sleep there all night with only
your shift on, to-morrow you shall have a proposal
from a young gallant." Τhe simple girl, who took
the joke in earnest, failed not to do as she was di
rected, and while trembling with cold overnight,
shekept muttering to herself these words : "Τo-day
with the wind, but to-morrow with the husband."
Ιn consequence of this indiscretion she caught a
pleurisy, of which she died. Τhe Greek word
άγουρος, μmseasonable, is the name by which the
peasants designate α bridegroom, in reference to
the early age at which they marry their children,
which is truly out of season. In the same way
the ancients called a young man before the age
of marrying, άωρος προς γάμον, Τhe word αγώ
ριον, or αγόριον, boy, is derived from the same
SΟUlΥΟΘ,
Σιμά εις αμπέλιον φύτευε, σιμά εις χώραν κατοίκα.-
Ρlαnt near α υίneyard, reside near α toιυη :-
763-765
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 117

Ιt is of importance, not to separate one's self from

the community,
Σιμά εις τα ζηλευμένα και η κακία.-Where there is
ought to be enυϊed, μίckedness is hard by :-Το
those who speak evil of virtuous actions,
Σιωπά, λύκον είδεν.-Ηe is speechless, he has seen α
ιυοίf':-Το persons rendered stupid by fear.
Τheocr, Idyll, ιδ. υ. 22, says also :
Ου φθεγξή; λύκον είδες,
where his Scholiast observes: ότι καθο οι οφθέντες
άφνω υπό λύκου, δοκούσιν άφωνοι γίνεσθαι,
Σκαμνιού ποδάριν έπεσε κρανίτικον , τον τόπον.-Τhe
foot of the chair has fallen ; in its place put one of
cornel-uood:-Used when an unpopular man has
quitted office, and is succeeded by another more
agreeable to the public,
Σκυλλια υλακτούν, οδοιπόροι περνούν.- Τhe dogs are
barking, trαυellers ανε passing :-Το certain signs.
Σκύλλος όταν κακομάθη, εις το μακελλείον, ή τον
σκύλλον να σκοτώσης, ή το μακελλείον να κατεδα
φίσης.-When α dog has learned bad habits in the
shambles, either kill the dog, or throu doun the
shambles :-Used to denote the incurable nature
of evil habits.
Σκωριασμένη γλώσσα.-Εusted tongue :-Το those
who say cutting things. In Εnglish : Αn ill
scraped tongue. -

Σπάρτην έλαχες, Σπάρτην κόσμει,-Sparta has been

9our lot, Spartα αdorn :-Τhis ancient proverb is
used to signify that we should prefer the interests
of our native place to those of every other, when
we have any thing beneficial at our disposal.
Στάζ η μύτη σου γαμβρέ-από τον χειμώνα.-"Son
in-lau, ψour nose drops," " Ιt is from the urinter:"
765-773
1 18 GRΕΕΚ

-Το those who make specious excuses for their

bad habits.
Στέρησις απειράτων.-Ρrivation of things not eape
rienced :-Το a pfivation which is not much felt.
From the sentiment of Τhucyd. Β. S 44 : και
λύτη ουχ ών άν τις μη πειρασάμενος αγαθών στε
βίσκηται, αλλ' ού άν έθας γενόμενος, αφαιρεθείη.
Χenoph. also, Cyr. vii, says something similar :
ου γαρ το μή λαβείν τ' αγαθά ούτω χαλεπον, ώσ
πες το λαβόντα στερηθήναι λυπηρόν. and Isidor.
Εp. 5, 144, και ουχ ούτω λυπεί το μή κτηθέν,
ας ή των υπαρξάντων στέρησις. Είδαn. Οrat.
829. C. λυπεί γαρ ου το μή γεύσασθαι των χρη
στών ώς ή μετά την πείραν στέρησις.
'Σ της χύτρας τύχην.- Το pot luck -ι. e. Το a
family dinner,
'Σ το καλάθι δεν χωρεί, κ' όταν κοιμάται δεν τρώγει.
-Ηe cακnot be contαιned in α basket, αηd, uήen
ήe sleeps, he does not eat:-Ιronically, when a per
son is praised who has no real merit. -

'Σ το καρύδι την έχει.-Ηe shuts her up in α και

ηut : -Μeaning, he is jealous of his wife.
'Σ το παλιοπάπουτσό μου το γράφω,-Γ urite that
on my old shoe :-Μeaning, I don't value τι hat
you say to me. -

'Σ το σπασμένο το σακκί, θέλεις βάλλε, θέλεις μή.-

Ιnto α ήoled sack, it is indifferent chether you
19ut in, or not :-It is needless to give to a spend
thrift.
'Σ του κουφού την θύραν, θέλεις βάρει, θέλεις μή.-
Αt α deaf mαn's door, it is αll one uhether you
Αnock or not :-Οtherwise: 'Σ του κωφού την θύ
ραν, κτύπα πεντακόσια.-Αt α deaf mαn's door,
Αnock fiue hundred times :-Το those who are
constantly striving after impossibilities.
773-780
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 119

Στραβός βελόνι εγύρευε μέσα ς τον αχυρώνα, κ' ο κουλ

λοχέρας έκαμε καλάθι να το βάλη.- Τhe blind mαn
sought for α needle in α strau loft, and the man
ιuith α Ιαme hand made α basket to put it in :-
Το men of gross stupidity.
'Σ των αμαρτωλών την χώραν άδικος κριτής καθίζει
Ιn the land of sinners the unjust sits in judgment.
Συγχώρησε με Κυβ' αγελάδα.-Ι beg your pardon
Μαdam Cou -Το a person who mistakes one for
another. Α French gentleman, of an absent turn
of mind, was passing along a public street, when a
cow came up behind him, whose shadow caught
bis eye; mistaking it for that of a lady, he con
ceived himself acting unpolitely in walking before
her, and turning round he made a graceful bow,
saying : " Βeg your pardon, Μadam ;" and hence
the proverb.
Συκίνη επικουρία.-Fig-tree help :-Αssistance which
is feeble and of little avail; the wood of the fig
tree being weak and brittle.
Σύμπα γρηα το μονοδαύλιον, ενόσω νάλθη το τριδαύλιον.
- With one light in all, old uomαn, till the chan
delier uith three lights come :-It is proper that
one should be content with small things, until di
ligence and good conduct have provided the means
of more ample accommodation.
Συνάγει τού"Οκνου την θώμιγγα.-Ηe spins the rope
of Ocnus :-Speaking of one who employs him
self on a work that will yield him no profit. Οc
nus was a rope-maker, whose ropes were chewed
by an ass as fast as they were made.
Συν Αθηνά και χείρα κίνει.- With Μinerυα, ηιουe
αlso thψ hand:-We ought not wholly to rely
upon others, but ought also to exert ourselves a lit
tle, to attain the object of pursuit.
781-787
120 GRΕΕΚ

Συνήθισε να γίνηται, δεν απογίνεται.-What has be

come α custom, is not easily got rid of: -Ιt is dif
ficult to change old habits.
Σύντεκνε, καθώς ήξευρες.-Ιn your oun uαψ, God
father :-Το those who interpret in the wrong
way advice upon economy. Τhis proverb is op
posed to that which we have given p, 33, Εις δύο
σ, Τhe history of it is this : Α miser entertaining
him who had stood god-father to his child, placed
olives upon the table among other eatables, Τhe
guest made only one mouthful of each, notwith
standing their size, which the miser observing,
said : " Ιn two or three, friend, the olive." Upon
which the guest, instead of cutting the olive into
two or three parts as the miser meant, began to
put them into his mouth by two and three at a
time, Τhe miser seeing the rapid disappearance
of his olives, hastily said, σύντεκνε, καθώς ήξευρες.
Συ περιγελάς δώδεκα, και σε τριανταέξ.- Υou laugh
αt α dozen, αnd three dozen at you :-Το those
who, though fit objects of laughter themselves, at
tempt to turn others into ridicule.
Σύρει ο λαγός τον λέοντα με χρυσούν ράμμα.- Τhe
λά. draus the lion with a gold thread :-Το
venal rulers.
Σχοινί, λουρί,-Α string, α strap:-Το persons of
interminable loquacity.

Τ' αγκίστρι κατάπιε με το γέμι.-Ηe suralloured the

Jish-hook αίong ιυίth the υαίt :-Τhe ancients used
788-793
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 121

the same proverb thus : άγκιστρο μετά της κα:

ρίδος καταπίνειν. Τhe French say also : Αυαler
ι'αmorce et l'hamegon.
Τα δικά μας των γειτόνων.- Οur faults, those of οκr
neighbours :-Αs the Εnglish adage : Το measure
αnother person's corn by our ourn υushel.
Τα δικά σου αμπέλια φράζε, και τα ξένα μή γυρεύης.
-Fence your οιυη υίneyards, αηd coυet not those
ofothers,
Τα δύο πόδια εις έν υπόδημα.-Βoth feet in one boot :
-Το those who, being extremely hurried, encoun
ter impediments in consequence of their eagerness.
Τα έξοδα του γάμου μας η νύμφη δεν τ' αχρίζει.-
Τhe bride is not uorth the eapense of our nup
tials :-When a man has taken much trouble to
obtain that which, after all, is not worth his pains,
Ταις Καλαβρέζαις ομοιάζεις.- Υou are like the Cα
ίαbriαn girls :-Τhat is, " Υou make your own
eulogy ;" because it is said that in this province of
Μαρmα Gracία, the young girls have a particular
propensity to boast of their beauty.
Τα κερνάς , χάνεις τα το χρεωστείς , πληρόνεις.-
ΛΟo you treat 2 γοιι lose it, do you oure 2 γομ pay :
-Το those who hope to mollify their creditors by
giving them entertainments, but who, when the
day of payment arrives, find their demands una
bated. -

Τ' άλογον που χαρίζουσι , τα δόντια μή το βλέπης.

-Α gίυen horse, look not at his teeth.
Τ' άλογον το πληγωμένον, ώς ιδή την σέλλαν, τρέμει.
- Τhe uounded horse, αs soon as he sees the sad
ale, trembles :-Τo a man, who seeing an object
that recals to his mind the sufferings he has for
merly endured, shrinks in terror.
793-801 Ε

Λ. -

---
"

. . . . .
ί -
-
. . .)
122 GRΕΕΚ

Τα μικρά δεν ήθελες, τα μεγάλα γύρευες, γύριζε τον

χειρόμυλον.- Υou would not the little, you sought
the great , turn the hand-mill!-Το those who,
abandon things suitable to their capacity, and by
aiming at what is above it, come at last to the
lowest employments,
Ταντάλου δίψα.-Τhirst of Ταntαlus :-Αn ancient
proverb, to express desires which will never be sa
tisfied. It is regarding this thirst of Τantalus that
Ηomer says in the Οdyssey, xi, υ. 581 :
Και μήν Τάνταλον εισείδον, χαλέπ' άλγε' έχοντα,
Εσταότ’ εν λίμνη ή δε προσέπλαζε γενείων
Στεύτο δε διψάων, πιέειν 3. ουκ είχεν ελέσθαι.
Τα παιδιά τρώγουν τα μήλα, και οι γέροντες μουδιά
ζουν.-Τhe children eat the apples, αnd the pα
rents' teeth ατe on edge :-Τhat parents are often
punished for the disorderly conduct of their chil
«iretι.
Τα πεθύμιες, τα ύρες.-Υou desired them ; γou
Μαυe found them :-Το a person who, having sought
and obtained a thing, finds it attended by evils
υpon which he had not calculated. So says also
Τheocr, Idyll. ί. υ. 17.
έχεις πάλαι ών επεθύμεις.
Τα πολλά τιμούν τον άνδρα, και ολίγα την γυναίκα.
-Μαny things make the honour of the mαn, feu,
that ofthe ιυomαn :-Μodesty, economy, and si
lence adorn a woman. If after τα πολλά, is un
derstood the word λόγια, instead of πράγματα,
then the meaning is : Μαny urords honour the mαn,
802-806
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 123

αnd fou the woman :-It may not be unaccept

able to young ladies to introduce here the senti
ment of Μenander, regarding the powerful attrac
tion of their silence,

Θυγάτηρ επίγαμος, κάν όλως μηδεν λαλή,

Διά τού σιωπάν πλείστα περί αυτής λέγει,
Τ' αργύριόν (or τον παρά) μου έδωκα, να σε φάγω
θέλω.-Μy money (or my penny) I hαυe given,
to eat thee Ι resolue :-Το one who is unwilling
to lose the benefit of a thing for which he has
paid his money. Τhe story is, that a man intend
ing to buy some cheese, took by mistake soap in
the place of it. Ηaving discovered his error, he
uttered the above words, and began coolly to de
vour his purchase,
Τ' άσπρα τα θέλει ο άνθρωπος διά την μαύρ' ημέρα.-
Τhe mαn uants the money for the black day :-
Ιn the same sense as the Εnglish proverb : Το ιαν
τιρ stores αραϊnst α ταϊny day. Τhe word άσπρος,
in the signification of uhite, may be derived from
άσπιλος, and the substantive, άσπρον, α farthing,
from ασσάριον. Τhe plural, άσπρα, is used for mo
ηeg in general.
Τα στραβά μας παραθύρια, τα χρυσά φλωριά τα
σιάζουν.- Τhe golden zechins straighten our crook
ed uindous :-Μoney covers many defects,
Τα σύκα-μήλα, και τα μήλα-σύκα-Τhe Jigs
αpples, αηd the apples-figs :-Τo a skilful orator,
who can représont matters as he chooses, and
" make the worse appear the better reason."
Ταύρειος τυρός.-Οα-milk cheese :-Το well-meaning
persons who, endeavouring to discover the causes of
806-811
124 GRΕΕΚ

the repulses which they sometimes meet with, are

led by their inexperience and simplicity into real
blunders. Α peasant of Βearn, having occasion to
νisit Ρaris soon after the accession of Ηenry the
Fourth to the throne, brought, as a gift to his
royal countryman, some cow-milk cheese, of a
kind for which the king had in his early youth a
particular fondness, Ε refused admittance,
and rudely driven from the gate by the porter, who
jeered at his rustic simplicity, the poor man with
αrew much disconcerted, and strolled about for
some time under the windows of the palace, ab
sorbed in conjectures as to the cause of his disap
pointment. Τhe king having recognized the cos
tume of his native province, sent for him, and the
delighted Βearnese presenting himself, deposited his
simple offering, with much amiable clownishness,
at his sovereign's feet, saying, that he had brought
Ηis majesty some ox-milk cheese. When Ηenry,
puzzled and amused, inquired his meaning, he re
lated the circumstances of his bad reception, ad
ding, that as he had been derided and beaten on
stating his errand, he had hoped to avoid offending
in future by denominating his humble present, Οτ
milk cheese.
Τα φέρει ή ώρα,χρόνος δεν τα φέρει.-Αn ήour brings
τυhat α year brings not :-Αn hour often brings
forth events, which have not been witnessed for
years.
Τά, ώς δεν θέλεις, γίνονται, θέλε τα, και ώς γίνονται,
- Τhings which happen as you do not wish , ιυish
them eυen as they happen.
Την αλωπού δεν την εχώρειεν ή τρύπα της, έσυρνε και -
κολοκύνθιον.-Τhe hole could not contain the for;
ψet εhe dreu along with her α gourd :-Το those
811-814
 ΡRovERBs. 125

who, while they have not sufficient for their own

wants, pretend to patronise others.
Την αλωτού εαρόσταξαν, και αυτή επρόσταξε την ου
ράν της.-Τhey hαυe ordered the for, απd she has
ordered her tαίl:-Το those servants who, by la
ziness, or the assumption of consequence, transfer
the orders of their masters to the interior domestics,
instead of executing them in person.
Την γίδαν την δαίρει το χαλάζιον, αυτή δε την ουράν
της τον ανήφορον.- Τhe hαίl beats the goat, αnd
she keeps her tail high :-Το those haughty per
sons who, notwithstanding all they suffer, abate not
their pride.
Την Γύφτισσα την έκαμαν βασίλισσα, κ' αυτή το,
ν τ ά λ ε ν τ ά λ ε -Τhey hαυe made α Gipsy
Queen, αηd she, fαι ια! ι α : -Τo the invete
racy of old habits.
Την εσθήτά της εις το θυλάκιόν του.-Ηe put her
9oun in his pocket :-Το extreme absence of
mind. In a city of Αsia Μinor, (Ρhiladelphia,
if I mistake not,) a French traveller of great me
rit, but well known for this absence of mind,
bappened to be in a numerous and brilliant com
pany, where he attracted the attention of every
one, as much by his agreeable conversation, as
from the curiosity which he had excited in the
inhabitants. Α young lady, dressed in white, in
order that she might hear him better, took a
place beside him, and having moved with much
rapidity, the trimming of her gown brushed a
gainst the worthy absent man, who perceiving
something white, and imagining it to be his shirt,
Βegan, with much shame and confusion, by little
and little to draw the dress iuto his pocket ; until
at last, the young lady cried out, in alarm ; "What
814-818
126 C RΕΕΚ

are you doing, Sir 2" Τhis incident, which very

much amused the parties present, gave rise to the
proverb.
Την νύκτα λαμπρός, την ημέραν σκοτεινός.-Ιn the
night, brilliant, in the day, obscure :-Το those
who, among the ignorant, are considered learned,
and among the learned, ignorant.
Της γρηάς τον έπαινον ανήφορος τον δείχνει.-Τhe
αscent sheus the prαιse of the old uomαn :-Βy
proof, we learn the value of persons, and how far
the praise bestowed upon them is just.
Της ελαίας το μέσα, και του καρυδιού το έξω.-Τhe
interior of the oliυe, αnd the eaterior of the nut :
-Το those who make presents of things which are
of no use to themselves.
Τής νυκτός τα καμώματα τα βλέπει ημέρα και γελά.
-Τhe day beholds the deeds of the night, αηα
laughs :-Εverything, in order to be perfect,
must be done in its proper season.
Της Πηνελόπης το πανί.-Ρenelope's ueύ :-Το those
who delude others by exciting hopes which they
have no intention of gratifying. Τhe word πανί,
is from στήνος. -

Της φακής τον μύθον λέγει.-Ηe relates the fable of

the lentil :-Το those who eulogize trifies.
Τί έδωκεν ο Θεός, και τί να επάρη ο Χάρος - What
λαs God giυen, αnd uhat mαι/ Charon take 2
Το very poor persons who have nothing to lose.
Τί έχεις Παύλε , ό τι είχον πάντα !-" What hast
thou, Ραμl 2" " Τhat uhich I had aluαψs /"-
Το those who are always unhappy.
Τί θες τα χίλια πέρτερα, και κακοείδη γυναίκα , τα
χίλια πέρπερα πετούν, κ' η κακοείδη απομένει !-
Why choose you a thousand zechins, and an ugly
8 18-827
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 127

ιυίfe 2 the thousand zechins fiy αιυαν, αnd the

ugly μίfe remains !-Instead ofκακοείδη by putting
κακοήθη, ίll-brought-up, the sense perhaps would
not be the worse. Τo the same purport with this
proverb, is also the following sentence of the co
mic poet Philippides:
Αισχραν γυναίκ' έγημας, αλλά πλουσίαν.
Κάθευδ' αηδώς, ήδέως μασώμενος.
Τί θές το χρυσό αγγείον, και να φτής το αίμα μέσα!
-Why do you urish for the golden υessel, uhen it
is only to spit bίουd into it /-Τo a ridiculous and
misplaced love of magnificence.
Τίμα τον χωριάτην, δια να εκβάλη τον λαιμό του.-
Ηonour the peαεαnt that he mαν stretch out his
neck :-Το those who, being ignorant, and without
Κnowledge of the world, have their heads turned
with joy when they receive even ironical praise;
not being competent to judge how little it is suited
to their merits.
Τίνα δίδουν, και δεν 'παίρει
τίνα δαίρουν, και δεν φεύ
γει ;- Το ιυήom gίύe they, αnd he takes not 2
ιυλom beat they, αηd he.flies not 2-Το those who
receive, as well as do, the things most advantageous
to themselves.
Τί ξεύρει ο βλάχος, τι είναι το σφογγάτον!- What
does α Wallachίαn knou uhαία sponge-cake is !
-Το a person who, on account of his inexperience
and ignorance, is an incompetent judge.
Τί σε λείπει κασσιδιάρη 5 μαργαριταρένια σκούφια !-
" What is wαnting to you, mαn with the ring
ιυorm 2" " Α pearl-cap f"-Το persons who, while
possessed of little inherent merit, wish for brilliant
dresses and external ornaments.
Το αγώγιον εξυπνάει τον αγωγιάτην.- Τhe cαrt-load
827-833
 ί.
128 G RΕΕΚ

αμαήes the carrier :-Εvery one is animated to la

bour by the prospect of reward.
Το αίμα νερόν δεν γίνεται.-Βlood becomes not uαter :
-Το those who are assisted by their relations,
after being some time neglected.
Το ακίνητον νερον βρωμάει.-Stαρmαnt water stinks :
-Τo the injurious consequences of laziness, Τhe
word νερον comes from νηρόν, damp.
Το άλογον υποκάτω του αγωγίου του ψοφάει.-Τhe
ήorse Dreaks doun under his loαά:-Το persoas
who overstrain themselves, from a sense of duty;
and, to those who suffer every thing for gain.
Το απίδιον υπό την απιδιαν πίπτει.-Τhe pear falls
ιunder the pear-tree :-Το children whose conduct
and manners, answer to those of their family. Τhe
Germans say also : Der αpfel fallt κίcht weit υom
8ίαmme. -

Το αύριον έξω μερίμνων.-Τo-morrou, out of our

care :-Τhat is, one ought to content himself
with what he has, and not trouble himself about
the future ; for, in the words of Ηerod. Ζίb. Γ'.
65, εν τη γαρ ανθρωπηίη φύσει ουκ ενήν άρα
το μέλλον γίνεσθαι αποτρέπειν. Μαίth. ch. vi, υ.
34, says also : Μή ούν μεριμνήσητε εις την αύριον.
Racine has the same sentiment in view, in this pas
sage :

Τant de prudence entraine trop de soin :

Je ne sais pas prévoir les malheurs de si loin.
I cannot say, however, that Ι was in the same
humour of indifference to the future when I began,
in the following terms, to parody an Οde of Cήres
έopoulos :
833-838 τ.
 ΡΗΟVΕRΒS. 129

"Οχι μόνον ελπίζω,

Αλλ' άμα και πασχίζω,
Της τύχης αλλαγήν.
Το σήμερον αφίνω,
Και τ' αύριον προκρίνω,
'Σ του νου μου την ροπήν.
Το γοργόν και χάριν έχει.-Ωμίckness has also its
grαce :-In the same meaning as the Εnglish
say, " Α favour done quickly, is twice done."
In an Εpigram in the Αnthology, the sentiment is
thus expressed : ώκείαι χάριτες γλυκύτεραι.
Το γουδί το γουδοχέρι.-Τhe mortar, the pestle:-
Το those who repeat always the same thing. Γου
δί from ίγδιον.
Το δένδρον με μίαν πελεκειαν δεν κόφτεται.-Τhe tree
ts not.felled ιθίth one stroke :-Ιn the German :
Μίt einem ήiebe fallt mαn keinen θαμm.
Το ευθηνόν κρέας τα σκυλλια το τρώγουν.-Cheap
meat, the dogs eat it :-Το misers who always
seek cheap articles, even though of interior quality.
Το ζωμίον ζημίαν δεν κάμνει.-Τhe sauce does no
λαrm :-It is better that there should be something
superfiuous than deficient.
Το θέρος έψαλλες, τον χειμώνα χόρευε.-Ιn summer
3/ou sung, in winter you may dance :-Το those
who, instead of devoting their youth to intellectual
and moral improvement, and their prime of life to
honest industry, have spent both in vain and foolish
amusements, and find themselves, at the approach
of old age, beset by helpless poverty and want.
Τhe proverb is borrowed from the 134th fable of
ΑΕsop.
Τοιούτος φίλος, τοιαύτη πήτα,-Α5 is the friend, εο
838-845 Ε 2
130 GRΕΕΚ

ιs the cake :-Το those who have been rewarded

to the amount of their desert.
Το καλό αρνί βυζαίνει δυο μανάδες, το κακό ούτε την
μάνα του. Τhe good lamb sucks tuo mothers, the
ύαd not eυen its oun :-Αddressed to good or bad
εhildren.
Το καλόν απίδιον, γουρούνιον τόφαγε.-Α hog has
eaten the fine pear :-Εmployed when a beautiful
and accomplished lady has become the wife of a low
and worthless husband.
Το καλόν δένδρον, όσον αυξαίνει, τόσoν πλαταίνει ο
λσκιός του. -- Τhe more the good tree grous, the
ηore shαde does it afford :-Το persons of a good
and generous disposition who, the richer they be
come, diffuse more abundantly the fruits of their
peneficence.
Το καλό το παλλικάρι, ξεύρει κ' άλλο μονοπάτι.-
Τhe brαυe μαrrior knous also αnother patή :-
Τo a man who never wants resources. Τhe word
παλλικάρι comes from πάλλω, and κάρα.
Το κέρδος δεν ευφραίνει, όσον η ζημία λυπεί.-Gαίη
does not delight so much as loss grieυes :-Which
Libanius expresses thus: Πέφυκεν άνθρωπος ουχ
ούτως ευφραίνεσθαι κερδαίνων, ώς αλγειν ζημιούμενος.
Το κρέας με τα κόκκαλα πωλείται.-Μeat is sold
υίth bones :-Το those who selfishly wish to seleet
for themselves what is best, and to leave to others
what is bad. Τhe Εnglish say : " Ηe that buys
meat, buys bones; and he that buys land, buys
stones." In everything there is some alloy.
Το κρέας των εις μίαν χύτραν δεν βράζει.-Τheir
meat does not boil in one pot :-Το persons who
irreconcilably hate each other,
Το κρυφόν μακραίνει, και εις το φανερόν εκβαίνει.-
Τhe secret groιδs long, αnd αί last springs up inίο
845-853
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 131

έhe light :-Τhis compηrison of a secret to a plant

making its way from the seed till it rise above the
surface of the soil, is admirable for its beauty and
justice. Τhe ancients said in like manner : Ουδέν
κρυπτον, ο ου φανερόν γενήσεται.
Το μέγα καράβιον έχει και μεγάλους κινδύνους.- Τhe
great ship hας αlso great dangers :-Τhe higher
in station, the more exposed to danger.
Το μεγάλο ψάρι τρώγει το μικρό.-Τhe great fish
εαts the little one.
Τ' ομμάτιον του νοικοκύρη τροφή τ' αλόγου.-Τhe
master's eye is the food of the horse :-Τhe mas
ter's affairs go on more prosperously under his im
mediate inspection, than when left to the manage
ment of servants.
Τον αγαπάς , μή δάνειζε και τον ποθείς , μή σύ
χναζε.-Do you loυe him 2 don't lend him , αnd
do you long for him 2 don't go too often to see
ήim :-Do not lend money to one whom you love,
for ifhe does not pay you, he will cause you much
pain ; and do not go too often to see one whose
company you desired, lest your visits become tire
some to him. ψ.

Τον αγαπάς , περιύβριζε και τον μισείς , χαιρέτα.-

Do you loυe him 2 reprουe him, αnd do you hate
ήίm 2 sαίute him :-ί. e. If you have a friend, ad
monish him when in fault, if you have an enemy,
treat him with outward civility.
Τον από γραμμής κινεί λίθον.-Ηe moυes the pαιση
from the (sacred) line :-ιεράς, sacred, being un
derstood. Μeaning, he makes every effort to ac
complish a certain object. Τhe proverb is found
also in Τheocr, Idyll, σ'. υ. 18. where his Scholiast
observes, that it is a metaphor taken from those
who play at a game called Ζατρίκιον, in which they
853-859
132 GRΕΕΚ

move the king (placed on the sacred line) when all

the other resources of the game are exhausted, as
the only hope of victory.
Τον διακονάρην κομμάτια, και όχι θύραις.-Crumbs to
the beggar, αηd not doors.
Τον είδεν ο Θεός από την κοσκινότρυπαν.-God has
seen him through α sίευε-hole :-Τauntingly, to
persons of lofty expectations, who sink into insigni
ficance.
Τον εκρέμασαν τά χουλιάρια.- Τhey hαυe ήung the
spoons upon him :-For a person who comes too
late to dinner, so that, the rest having eaten up
every thing, he finds nothing but empty dishes.
Τον θέλοντα βούν έλαυνε.-Ρursue the willing heί
fer:-ί. e, Love her who loves you, and do not
forsake her who encourages you, to pursue one who
shuns you. Which Τheocr, Idyll. ιά. υ. 75, makes
Ρolyphemus say, when seeking to console himself
for his unrequited love of Galatea, thus :
Ταν παρεοίσαν
ζ άμελγε
μ τί τον φεύγοντα διώκεις5, ,
Τον λείπει το λογγιόλιον.-Ηe λαs lost the gusset of
ήis oiίrt :-Το a person of a weak and shallow
mind. Εnglish : " Ηe wants twopence of the
shilling."
Τον λύκον βλέπομεν, και την οπλήν γυρεύομεν.-We
see the urolf, αnd we trαce his footsteps :-Το those
who feign ; also to things that are evident.
Τον λύκον τον εκούρευαν αυτός δ' έλεγε, πάν τα πρά
τα.-Τhey uere clipping the ισοίf, αnd he said,
the sheep ανe gone :-Το those on whose bad dis
positions misfortune makes no change, Πράτα,
which signified sheep of a certain age, is by the
peasants used for πρόβατα,
Τον Μάην με γούναν, και τον Αύγουστον με κάπαν.
859-867
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 133

Μαν υίth fur, αnd Αugust with α mantle -Το

those who pretend that their health is delicate, in
order to render themselves the more interesting.
Τον ξένον , την οικίαν σου ώς μάρτυρα τον έχεις.-Α
stranger in the house, you hαυe him as a uritness :
-When strangers are with you, it is wise to act
with studied propriety, lest they find something to
say to your prejudice,
Τον σκύλλον άχυρα, και τον γάδαρον κόκκαλα.- Το
the dog, strαιυ, αnd to the ass, bones:-Αpplied
to what is absurd.
Τον σκύλλον κάμε σύντεχνον, και το ραβδί σου βάστα.
-Μαλe the dog your companion, υut hold fast
3/our stαff.
Τον τρελόν και χωριάτην, ξένοι πόνοι τον γηράζουν.-
Care about others makes the fool and cloun grou,
old :-Το those who, equally foolish and envious,
torment themselves on account of the prosperity
of others.
Το παιδίον αν δεν κλαύση, βυζίον δεν το δίδουν.-Ιf
the child does not cry, they gίυe him no suck :-
Ιn like manner, if a person has need of help and
does not ask for it, he will probably expect it in
vain ; a truth which is thus expressed in Μatth.
vii, 7. κρούετε, και ανοιγήσεται υμίν,
Το "ό ί, είδαμεν, και Ιωάννην τ' ωνομάσαμεν.-
We have not seen the child, and we hαυe called
ήim John :-Το those who confidently speculate
upon uncertainties.
Το παξιμάδι είναι βρεγμένο ;-Ιs the biscuit steeped 2
-Το a lazy person, from the fable told of one who
was dying of hunger, and whom they were in the
act of carrying to his tomb , some one came forward
and offered him a biscuit, but asking if it was
867-874
134, CRΕΕΚ

steeped, and receiving an answer in the negative,

he said, " don't stop then, but carry me to my
tomb."
Το πολύ ογκόνει.-Τoo much blous up :-Τalkative
ness is tiresome.
Το πονηρόν πωλίον και από τα δύο πόδια πιάνεται.-
Α είy bird is often caught by the tuo.feet :-Τhe
wicked, who plot against others, frequently fall
themselves into unavoidable calamities.
Το πρόβατον από το κλιτσίον του κρέμαται.-Τhe
εheep hαngs by its oun taper limbs :-Το those
who suffer by their own desire. Κλιτσίον is the
name vulgarly given to that quarter of the thigh
of a sheep which gradually inclines or tapers into
the slender and bony part of the limb ; very pro
bably from κλίσις, inclimation. Τhis gives a mean
ing to the original which it is impossible to ex
hibit in the translation, and upon which the pro
verb chiefiy depends.
Το πρόβατον έξω της κοπής, το τρώγει ο λύκος.-
ή: εheep out of the flock, the urolf eats it :-
Τhose who separate themselves from the commu
nity are exposed to much danger and suffering.
Τόσον γρηά με το βρεγμένον, όσον και με το μουσκευ
μένον.-Αs much, old uoman, ιυίth drenching αs
with steeping :-Το things indifferent. Μουσκεύω
from μοσχεύω,
Το σταμνίoν πολλάκις εις την βρύσιν, και μίαν όχι.-
Τhe pitcher (goes) often to ή founίαιη, αnd once
πιοί :-Good fortune does not always continue.
Το στραβόν ξύλον ή στιά το ισιάζει.-Τhe hearth
straights the crooked uood :-Punishment corrects
the disorderly,
Του ακριβού το έχειν, εις χαροκόπου χέρια.-Τhe
874-882. -
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 135
wealth of α miser in the hands of α prodigal:-
Τhe miser has often a spendthrift for his heir.
Του βλάχου αν δεν του επάρουν το σκιάδιον, δεν πλη
ρόνει το τελωνείον.-Ιfthey don't take the umbrellα
from the rustic, he will not pay toll:-Το persons
of rude and clownish manners who do nothing they
are desired without compulsion.
Τού εκόπη κοντόν.-Ηe has been cut short:-Το a
person of weak capacity.
Του κακού καιρού τα νέφη, άλλ' επάνω, άλλα κάτω.
-Τhe clouds of bad weather, some αne high, some
ίοιυ :-Το troubles and disorders.
Του καλού ανδρός τ' αλεύριoν λαλαγκίταικαι κολ
λούραι-Τhe flour of α good husband becomes
pastry αηd cake :-Το expensive wives who have
simple husbands,
Του κλέπτου και του δυνάστου καθένας τους χρεω
στάει.-Τo the thief αnd the mαn in pourer, eύery
one has debts.
Του όνου μύθον έλεγαν, και αυτός τ' αυτία του ετά
ραζε.-Τhey told α fable to an ass, αnd he shook
his ears :-Τo a stupid person.
Του παιδιού κοιλιά κοφίνι, και τρελός όπου του δίνει.-
Τhe child's belly is α ύαsket, αnd he is α fool ulio
ρίυes to him :-Τhe desires of children are fre
quently improper, and ought not to be satisfied
when they are misplaced or immoderate,
Του πατρός είναι το παιδίον.-Ηe is a child of his
father -Το those who are recognised from their
inheriting the virtues or vices of their parents.
Εnglish : Ηe is a chip of the old ύlock.
Το υπόδημα εις το πόδιον, και όχι το πόδιον εις το υπό
δημα.-Τhe boot to the foot, αnd not the foot to
the boot:-Αpplied to things that are ill adjusted.
Του πωλιού το γάλα.-Τhe milk of' α bird : -Το
882-892
136 GRΕΕΚ

those who are singularly fortunate; also to what

ΘVeΙ 18 Γare,

Τούτ' η πητα κ' ή κανάτα, μ' έκαμαν με τέτοιαν αρ

μάτα.-Τhis cake αnd this cask, hαυe dressed me
in this costume :-ι. e. Ηave clothed me in rags.
Αξμάτα, used here in ridicule, signifies properly
an elegant dress.
Του φρονίμου νόημα, και του βλάχου σύρισμα,-Α
sign to the uise, αnd α ιυήistle to the rustic :-
Το persons of φuick apprehension, or the reverse.
Του Χάρου νερον κουβαλεί.-Ηe carries ισαϊer to Chα
νon :-Το one who is always sickly.
Του Χωριάτη το σχοινί δεν σώνει, πλήν διπλούν περισ
σεύει.- Single, the cloun's rope is not long enough,
double, it is too long.
Το φείδι, αν δεν φάγη φείδι, δράκος δεν γίνεται.-Τhe
serpent, unless it eat α serpent, does not become α
dragon :-Βad men mount to a higher grade of
wickedness and tyranny, when they have destroyed
all their equals and their enemies.
Το χορταστικόν ψωμίον απέναντι το γνωρίζω.-Ι
knou the satisfying bread yonder on the opposite
side :-Το persons of acute discernment who per
ceive at a distance what is for their advantage.
Τ' όψάριον από την κεφαλήν αρχίζει να βρωμήση.-
Τhe fish begins to stink αίthe head :-Corruption
often begins at the head of a government. See
p. 12.
Τράβα με, κι ας κλαίω.- Drαισ me, though Ιshed
tears :-Το those who pretend not to wish, what
they are very anxious for, aud to which they are
forced with secret pleasure.
Τρείς ημέρας είν' το θαύμα, και τρείς τό παραθαύμα.
-Α μronder lasts three days, αηd three dαψs α
rnίrαcle :-Τhe greatest novelties soon cease to ex
cite astonishment.
892-901
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 137

Τρεις λαλούν, και δύο χορεύουν.-Τhree speak, αnd

turo dance:-Αpplied to any thing absurd.
Τρέχα, λίγδα, ς τον παστόν.-Run, είut, to the
πmarriage-bed:-Το persons who are favoured by
fortune without deserving it.
Τροχος όπου γυρίζει, σκωριά δεν πιάνει.-Α uheel
that turns, gathers no rust :-Το one who, by
continually changing his country, gives no oppor
tunity to any one to detect his faults and follies,
or lay them to his charge. "Ίt may apply also to
those who, in consequence of their instability,
never attain to much wealth. In this sense the
French say : pierre guί roule π' αmasse pas de
70101ίSSé,

Τυφλός ο "Ερως,-Ζουe is blind :-Τhat is, it ren

ders those blind who are under its influence, by
making that appear beautiful which is often the
reverse. Which Τheocr, Idyll. ί, υ. 19-20, ex
presses thus :

τυφλός δ' ουκ αυτός ο Πλούτος,

Αλλά και ώ 'φρόντιστος "Ερως

Τυφλός 'ς τον τοίχον ακούμπισε, παρέκει κόσμος δεν

"ναι.-Α blind mαn leaned against α ιuall, " this
ιs the boundary of the world:"-Το those who
consider what is easy to be impracticable,
Των ακριβών τα στάμενα, σε χαροκόπου χέρια.-Τhe
riches of the miser.fall into the hands of the spend
thrift. See proverb 882.
Των Δαναΐδων το πιθάρι-Τhe tub ofthe Dαπαϊdes:
-Τo a spendthrift who cannot keep a penny in
his pocket. Τhe ancients said in like manner : ο
τετρημένος των Δαναΐδων πίθος. In the same sense
it is also said, πιθάρι τρύπιο, α ήoled tub.
902-908
138 GRΕΕΚ

Τών καλών δένδρων και ο καρπός καλός.-Οf good

trees the fruit is also good :-Τo the well-dis
posed.
Των φρονίμων τους σκοπούς τα γένεια των εξεύρουν.-
Τheir beards only knou the schemes of the pru
dent :-Τhe purposes of the wise are confined to
their own bosoms.

- Υ

"Υξει, ύβριν γεννά.-Ιnsult begets ιnsult.

"Υδρας κεφαλάς κόπτεις.-Υou cutoffΗydrα's heads:
-Το things impracticable. Τhe origin of this
proverb is quite manifest to those who know the
labours of Ηercules.
"Υλαν κράζεις.- Υou call upon Ηyίαs :-Το things
which one loses without the hope of seeing them
again, and to those who call in vain upon persons
who do not wish to hear them. Τhis proverb is
connected with mythology, for Ηylas, the favourite
and friend of Ηercules, going to draw water from
a fountain, was laid hold of and detained by the
Νereides who dwelt there. Ηercules went in
search of him, and called upon him by name with
all his might, but was unable to find him.
"Υπέρ τα εσκαμμένα πηδάς.- Υou leap ουer tilled
lαnd :-Το those who, wishing to do more than
they can, injure themselves in the attempt.
"Υπήγαμεν να σκιάξωμεν, και μάς επατάγωσαν.-
We went to startle them, and they struck us with
terror :-Το those who, sporting with persons
more powerful than themselves, find that they have
caught a Τartar.
909-915
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 139

"Υπόσχεσις μεγάλη, μικρόν δε έργον.- Great promise

but small performance :-Το those who promise
much and do nothing,
"Υστερινή μου γνώσις, να σ' είχον πρώτα.-Wisdom
θεhind, if I out had thee ύefore:-Το repentance.

Φάτε μάτια ψάρι, και κοιλία περίδρομον.-Εψes, eat

Jish , αnd belly, the running rope of the net:-
Το those who are tantalized with the display of de
sirable objects, of which they are permitted to have
no share. Τhe proverb has its origin in the mean
conduct of some men who, having acquired riches
and at the same time being without the feelings or
education of gentlemen, have at their table two
kinds of food, one more nice and delicate for them
selves and friends, and another more ordinary and
worse cooked for those who, sitting at their table,
are compelled by their poverty to submit to such
treatment. Α parυenu of this character had, as
tutor to his sons, a man of reputation, who not
being disposed to submit to this treatment, ex
pressed his feelings in a comical manner. Ηaving
seen some large plump fish served up to the mas
ter, and to himself and some others a tureen full of
soup in which were a few small fishes, he began to
undress himself, saying to the servant, take off my
clothes; and being asked by the master, what he
was going to do, he replied, " I am going to plunge
into the soup, I may possibly catch a larger fish;"
saying which, he rose and quitted the house,
Φεύγει, σαν ο Διάβολος από το θυμίαμα.-Ηe.flies
916-919
140 GRΕΕΚ

αs the Deυίl from the incense :-Το those who

have an aversion to the society of respectable per
8ΟΠ8,

Φίλε μου , την ανάγκην μου, κ' εχθρί μου , την χα

ράν μου.-Μy friend, in my need, αnd mν εnemy,
ϊn myjoy :-ί. e. Μy friend, I wish to see thee in
my need, &c. Τhe first from the ancient maxim :
Φίλοι εν ανάγκαις έστωσαν χρήσιμοι.
to which we may add very appositely that senti
ment of Εurip. Οres. υ. 725:
- Πιστός εν κακοί, ανήρ
Κρείσσων γαλήνης ναυτίλοισιν εισoράν.
Τhe second, because envy pierces the heart.
Φίλοι να είμεθα, και τα πουγγιά μας να μαλλόνουν
Let us be friends, but let our purses ύe αt να
riαnce -Α joint concern in matters of interest
frequently gives rise to coldness among friends and
relations.
Φοβείται και τον ίσκιόν του.-Ηe is afraideuen of his
εhadou :-Το great cowards.
Φύσις τήν φύσιν κυνηγεί, κ' η γάτα το ποντίκι.-Να
ture.follous nature, απd the cat, the mouse :-Το
natural attachments.
Φωνήν, και όχι άλλο.-Α υοίce, απd nothing more :
-Το those who are useful for one thing only.
Τhis proverb is taken from the fable which re
lates, that a sparrow-hawk, hearing a nightingale
singing very sweetly, fiew on it, and caught it.
Οn beginning to take off the feathers he saw that
there was very little fiesh on it, on which he called
out, Α υoice, απd nothing more,
919-924
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS, 141

Χάδια ανάλατα, κουκιά βρεγμένα.-Ιnsipίd caresses !

(it is because he wishes) steeped beans :-Το those
who decline what is offered them, but in such a
manner as to make it plain that they are anxious
to accept. With respect to the word χάδια, see
Αppendia to my Μodern Greek Grammar, Βos
ton, 1828. p. 88. Νote 4.
Χαμένα υποθέσεις, όταν ο εις , τον άλλον βλέπει.-
Αffairs are lost, uhen one stands looking at αn
other :-We ought not to trust to the carefulness
of others, when the public good is concerned, for,
ifevery one did the same, the public interests would
go to ruin. Τhus Ιsocr, Νicocl, says : οι μεν πολ
λών καταμελούσιν εις αλλήλους αποβλέποντες. Τhe
French have also a proverb which corresponds to
this : c'est l'αθαίre de tout le monde, ce n'est l'af
fαίre de personne.
Χάριν αντί χάριτος.-Fαυour for fαυour :-Soph.
also in his Αjατ, υ, 522, says :
Χάρις χάριν γάς εστιν ή τίκτουσ' αεί.
Which, however, does not always happen, as Βοι
ieau, in an Εpigram, exemplifies thus :
"Je l'assistai dans l'indigence,
Ιl ne me rendit jamais rien.
Μais, quoiqu'il me dut tout son bien,
Sans peine il souffrait ma présence.
Ο la rare reconnoissance !"

Χάριν ξύδι, γλυκόν σαν μέλι.- Υinegar for nothing

925-928
142 GRΕΕΚ

ts sueet αs honey :-Το those who receive with

gladness a present, however small it may be.
Χάρος τον παρακαλεί, αυτός δε καμαρώνει.-Charon
inυites him, αnd he eyes himself uith pride :-Το
a sick person, who is not aware of his dangerous
condition. -

Χαρώνιος θύρα.-Charon's door :-i. e Τhe door

that leads to Charon. Το an object of terror.
Τhat name was given to the door by which con
demned criminals were led out to execution.
Χάσκει σαν ο λάρος.-Ηe gαpes like α seα-9ull :-
Το a great eater.
Χείς χείρα νίπτει, δάκτυλός σε δάκτυλον.-Ηαnd
ισαshes hand, αηd finger, finger :-Αn ancient
maxim, used now in a proverbial way to express a
reciprocity of services.
Χέλια να πιάση θέλει.-Ηe ιυishes to catch eels :-
Το those who, for their private advantage, create
disturbance and tumult in cities. Τhose who fish
for eels must trouble the water, otherwise they
cannot well succeed. -

Χίλια νύμφαι του γαμβρού, και χίλιοι γαμβροι της

νύμφης.-Α thousand brides to the bridegroom,
αnd α thousand bridegrooms to the bride :-Το
those who choose many things, and enjoy none,
Χίλια κλήματα, δέκα σταφύλια.-Α thousand shoots,
ten grapes :-Το things that produce no profit.
Χιότης είσαι.-Υou are α Sciot :-In the same sense
as they say in France: υous έtes un Gascon , thein
habitants of the island Scio having the reputation
of being lively and humorous, and being remarkable
for their repartees.
Χόνει τρόχαλα, και εκβάλλει γεώμηλα.-Ηe planted
φebbles, αηd took up potatoes :-Το those who find
a livelihood, where others would starve,
928-937
 ΡRΟVΕRΒS. 143
Χορτασμένος ο παπάς, χορτασμέν' η παπαδιά, στρώ
στε να πλαγιάσωμεν.-Τhe priest being filled, the
μriestess όeing.filled, prepare the bed that we may
go to sleep :-Το those who, fortunate themselves,
believe and judge others to be in a prosperous
state. It resembles the 698th proverb.
Χρυσή κορώνη.-Α golden knob :-Α proverbial ex
pression, borrowed from Ηomer's Ιliad, δ. υ. 111 :
Πάν δ' ευ λειήνας, χρυσέην επέθηκε κορώνην.
employed to signify the happy termination of an
affair.
Χωρίς ξύλον, μηδ' ώς την θύραν.-Without α stαff,
not ευen to the door :-Α man ought not to leave
his house without reflecting maturely what he is
going to do.
Χωρίς πλάνον όψάριον δεν πιάνεται.- Without α Φαίt
.fish is not caught :-Το those who will do nothing
without a bribe.

Υάλλε, δέσποτα, τ' ονύχι μου πονεί-Sing, reverend

sir, " my nαil pαϊns me:"-Το those who feign
suffering with a view to obtain some advantage,
Ψήσ’ αυγόν, ότι εννέα είμεθα.-Roast αn egg, becαμse
there are nine of us :-Τo a foolish and miserly
person, who invites a numerous party to a repast,
and regales them so poorly that they rise from table
Half satisfied.
Ψόφησεν ο μαύρος μου, χορτάριον μη φυτρώση.-Μy
donkey is dead, let no more grass grou :-Το an
egotist.
938-944
144 GRΕΕΚ ΡRΟVΕRΒS,

Ψυχρότερος και οικτρότι ος Ιαλέμου.-Μore Jrigίd

ακια dolorous than Jάκη, :-Jalemus, son of
Calliope, was the author of some cold and insipid
elegies.
Ψωριασμένη κάμηλος πολλών σηκώνει γαδάρων φορτώ
ματα.-Α mangy cαmel bears the load of mαny έ
αsses :-Το those who, though old, surpass in
every respect many young persons.

"Ωμικρί μου, και καλέ μου, δός με τίποτε να φάγω,

-Μy beαμtiful, αnd.fine mαn, gίυe me something
to eαι :-Το men who are very handsome, but, at
the same time, very poor.
"Ωμορφος νομίζει να 'ναι.-Ηe thinks himself hand
some :-Το signify that he is blinded by self-love.
8olon has very well observed upon this :
"Αλλος δειλός εών, αγαθός δοκεί έμμεναι ανής,
Και καλός, μορφήν ου χαρίεσσαν έχων,
"Ωσάν ο τράγος εις την πανήγυριν.-Αs the goat to
the festiυα! :-Το those who come a propos; from
an ancient story of a goat, which having quitted
its fiock and wandered from place to place, came
into a village where the inhabitants were celebrat
ing a festival. Τhey laid hold of it and offered it
up as a sacrifice to the gods.
Ας ο γάδαρος προς την λύραν.-Αs the αss to the
lyre :-Το those who are insensible and indifferent
to what is useful and beautiful : as in some parts of
France they say : comme Γάκε φuί lit lα gazette.
945-950

ΤΗΕ ΕΝΙΟ.
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