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General Psychology
“Emotion”
Arranged By :
NIM : 18006081
2018
1. Understanding Emotions
The word emotion comes from Latin, namely emovere, which means moving away. The
meaning of this word implies that the tendency to act is absolute in emotions. According to
Daniel Goleman (2002: 411) emotions refer to a distinctive feeling and mind, a biological and
psychological state and a series of tendencies to act. Emotion is basically an urge to act. Usually
emotions are a reaction to stimuli from outside and inside the individual. For example happy
emotions encourage changes in a person's mood, so physiologically it looks laugh, sad emotions
encourage someone to behave crying.
According to Williams James (United States) and Carl Large (Denmark) emotions are the
result of one's perception of changes that occur in the body in response to stimuli that come from
outside . Emotions are sometimes also identified with feelings, namely a state of spirituality or
psychological events that we experience with pleasure or displeasure in relation to familiar and
subjective events.
Emotional growth and development as well as other behaviors are determined by the
maturation and learning process of a newborn baby can cry but he must reach a certain maturity
to be able to laugh after the child is older then he will learn that crying and laughing are used to
specific purpose or for certain situations.
The bigger the child the greater his ability to learn so that his emotional development
becomes more complicated. Emotional development through the process of maturity only occurs
until the age of one year. After that further development is more determined by the learning
process.
2. Emotions
Internal factors
Generally a person's emotions appear closely related to what someone feels individually. They
feel dissatisfied, hate themselves and are unhappy. The emotional disorders they experience
include:
Feel that their physical needs are not being met properly so that there is dissatisfaction,
anxiety and hatred for what they experience.
Feel hated, wasted, not understood and not accepted by anyone including their parents.
Feeling more hindered, disputed, insulted and broken than supported, loved and
responded to, especially their ideas.
Feeling incompetent or stupid.
Feeling unhappy about their family life that is not harmonious such as often quarreling,
being rude, angry, fussy and divorced.
Feeling suffering from jealousy towards you because it is being addressed and
distinguished unfairly.
• External factors
According to Hurlock (1980) and Cole (1963) the factors that influence negative emotions are
the following.
Parents or teachers treat them like children who make their self-esteem abused.
When obstructed, children develop familiarity with the opposite sex.
Too much is blocked from being supported, for example they are more blamed, criticized
by parents or teachers, will tend to be angry and express it by opposing the wishes of
parents, berating the teacher, or entering the gang and acting destructively.
Being treated unfairly by parents, for example by comparing them with more
accomplished siblings and others.
Feeling needs are not met by parents even though parents are able.
Feeling treated authoritatively, such as being demanded to be obedient, much criticized,
punished and insulted.
1. To survive (survival).
3. As a messenger.
Emotions as messengers means that emotions that occur in a person can carry messages
or information. Emotions tell us how people are around, so we can understand and do something
right with these conditions.
Emotions that exist in humans can provide motivation for new thoughts, fantasies, and
behavior. Existing emotions will prepare humans to take action.
a) Cause an automatic response. For example, you meet a wild animal, without thinking of
anything, what you do is surprise, fear, and can also run away to save yourself. This means
that a crisis situation can be passed because you have an automatic response.
b) Adjust the reaction to special conditions. For example, when you are left by someone you
love and love, you will be sad. This sadness will make you adjust to the right reaction to the
condition of the loss, for example: you will try to be strong and patient.
c) Motivating action. Certain emotions encourage someone to take certain actions. For example,
when you experience the emotions of love, those emotions can trigger you to do various
things to attract the attention of someone you love.
d) Communicate an intention to others. For example, when you are angry, you might want to
give a message, that you don't want to be underestimated. The point is there is a message
behind the emotions you show.
e) Improve social ties. Emotions do indeed function to increase social ties. With the presence of
positive emotions, such as feeling happy, acceptance, love, and peace will make social
relations more closely and increasingly strengthen a relationship.
f) Affects memory and evaluates an event. When you meet and get acquainted with someone,
you will certainly have their own judgment on that person. If you feel strong emotions, you
might be able to do the next meeting.
g) Improve memory of certain memory. Someone will remember more memories filled with
strong emotions.
The broad function of emotions is to determine actions in services from personal goals.