PRE-SPANISH PERIOD

BAHAY KUBO

Plan: one-dwellidng structure with porch on all sides

1. Bulwagan – for entertaining guests

2. Silid – private room for sleeping
3. Paglutuan or gilir – kitchen or cooking area
a. Dapogan – table on top of which is the river stone,
shoe-shaped stove or kalan
b. Bangahan – bangguera or banggerahan; used as a
place for drying or storing kitchen utensils
c. Batalan – where water jars are kept
4. Silong – space underneathe the house used as a storage
space for the farming and fishing implements and also for the
animals kept.

SPANISH PERIOD

BAHAY NA BATO

Plan: two-storey house with the upper floor

overhanging (volada) the ground floor.

Ground Floor:

1. Zaguan – where carriages and saints’ floats

(andas) are usually kept
2. Cuadra – horse stable
3. Bodega – storage room for keeping old furniture
and palay bins
4. Entresuelo – mezzanine elevated about a
mether from the ground. Where the master of
the house keeps his money and jewelry; also
used as an office by the owner or a bedroom
during siesta hours, for unmarried aunt or uncle,
or overnight guests.
5. Patio – enclosed courtyard open to sky

Second Floor:

1. Caida – ante-sala; immediate room from the stairs

2. Sala – living room
3. Comedor – dining room
4. Cocina – kitchen; sometimes builty separately from the house
5. Dispensa – food storage adjacent to kitchen
6. Comun or latrina – toilet adjacent to service area
7. Banyo or Paliguan – bathroom built separately from the toilet
8. Azotea – flat open terrace open to the toilet, bath and kitchen areas; used as laundry-drying space
and service area for servants
9. Cuarto, Alcoba and Dormitorio – bedroom
10. Balcon – overhanging balcony
11. Aljibe – cistern for the storage of rainwater located underneath azotea
CHURCHES

1. Baclayon, Bohol – oldest church in Bohol

Architect: Fr. Juan De Torres and Gabriel Sanchez

Architectural Feature: Early Renaissance

2. Barasoain, Bulacan – a national landmark; seat of the Malolos Congress (Sept

15, 1898)

Architect: Fr. Francisco Arriola (convent), Fr. Melchor Fernandez (temporary

parish church), Fr. Francisco Royo (new church made of stone), Fr.
Juan Giron (new church), Fr. Martin Arconada (belltower and
restoration of convent), Fr. Miguel De Vera (restoration work on
convent)
Architectural Feature: combination of Romanesque and Renaissance

3. Binondo, Manila

Architect: Domingo Cruz y Gonzales (dome)

Architectural Feature: Italian High Renaissance

4. Cordoba, Cebu

Architect: Fr. Jose Baztan (present church), Fr. Pedro Medina (convent)
Architectural Feature: Moorish Style

5. Loboc, Bohol

Architect: Fr. Juan de Torres

Architectural Feature: Early Renaissance

6. Malate, Manila

Architect: Fr. Dionisio Suarez (new church and convent made of stone), Fr. Pedro de
Mesa (completed Fr. Suarez work), Fr. Francisco Cuadrado (constructed
present church), Fr. Nicolas Dulanto (restoration, completion of upper part
of façade)
Architectural Feature: Moorish art, combination Renaissance, Romanesque and
Baroque

7. Manila Cathedral (Basilica of the Immaculate Concepcion)

Architect: Fr. Juan de Vivero (1st church), Archbishop Miguel Millan de

Poblete (reconstruction), Archt. Diego Camacho y Avila
(tower), Arch. Luciano Oliver, Archt. Vicente Serrano
Salaverria, Eng’r. Eduardo Lopez Navarro and Manuel
Ramirez Bazan (4th cathedral)
Architectural Feature: Neo-Romanesque
8. Morong, Rizal – declared a National Treasure

Architect: Fr. Blas dela Madre (present stone and mortar church), Don Bartolome de
Palatino (designed the façade), Fr. Maximo Rico (bell tower)
Architectural Feature: Spanish Baroque

9. Paoay, Ilocos Norte – declared a National Landmark

Architect: Fr. Antonio Esavillo (present church), Tomas Torres (enlarged

the bell tower), Fr. Jose Nieto (five bells), Fr. Valentin Aparicio
(restored convent), Fr. Ruperto Rodriguez (repairs on church),
Fr. Baldomero Real (major restoration work)
Architectural Feature: Mixture of Gothic, Baroque, and Buddist
Architecture, Gothic and Mexican

10. Quiapo, Manila – Basilica Minor of the Nuestro Padre Jesus Nazareno

Architect: Fr. Antonio de Nombella (founded the church), Gov. Gen.

Santiago de Vera (initiated full construction), Fr. Eusebio de
Leon (reconstructed ruin church), Fr. Manuel E. Roxas
Manio (completed reconstruction), Fr. Magdaleno Castillo
(reoncstruction from the plan prepared by Archt. Juan
Nakpil), Archt. Jose Ma. Zaragoza (enlarged the church
and design of lateral walls)
Architectural Feature: Baroque Church

11. San Agustin Church, Manila – with convent and infirmary; the only
structure to survive the American bombing and shelling of
Intramuros

Architect: Fr. Juan de Alva and Fr. Diego de Espinar (1st construction),
Juan Macias (present church)
Architectural Feature: High Renaissance

12. San Sebastian Church Manila – first all-iron church in the

world; first iron edifice in Asia, second in the
world after Eiffel Tower; national historical
landmark; first pre-fabricated structure to be
erected in the Philippines

Architect: Fr. Rodrigo de San Miguel (nipa and bamboo

church), Eng’r. Don Genaro Palacios y Guerra
(design of present church), Fr. Gregorio Serma
(construction), Fr. Toribio Minguella (ordered
steel materials from Belgium), Fr. Bernardo Muros
(supervision of first column erection), Fr. Francisco Moreno
(completion of work)
Architectural Feature: Neo-Gothic/Gothic revival and similar to the
Early English (Lancet) Gothic period

13. Santa Cruz, Manila

Architect: Fr. Agustin de Mendoza (reconstruction)

Architectural Feature: Baroque
14. Santo Domingo Church, Quezon City – first site in Intramuros; National
Shrine of the Rosary by the Philippine Hierarchy; one of the
tallest and largest church in the country; with 15 altars which
represents the 15 mysteries of the Holy Rosary

Architect: Archt. Jose Ma. Zaragoza

Architectural Feature: contemporary church

15. Vigan, Ilocos Sur

Architect: Juan de Salcedo (temporary church)

Architectural Feature: Baroque

CIVIL AND MILITARY STRUCTURES

1. INTRAMUROS

a. construction of the walled city or Intramuros (Ciudad

Murada) was initiated by Spanish Governor-General
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi.
b. building of the stone wall (2.75 miles) made of volcanic
tufa and earth-filled brick attributed to Governor-
General Perez Dasmarinas.
c. fortified city surrounded by inner and outer moats and
accessible through its eight gates
d. provided protection to the government, military
arsenal, religious orders with their schools, churches and
hospitals, commercial establishments and private
residences.
e. Intramuros, at present, is undergoing restoration-
reconstruction after the creation of the Intramuros
Administration by Presidential Decree 1616 on April 10, 1979,

2. FORTIFICATIONS

a. for protection against the attacks of

enemies
b. Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Zaragoza,
Zamboanga – Fr. Melchor de Bera
Forts in Cuyo, Agutaya, Taytay, Dumaran,
Cagayancillo, Linapacan, all in Palawan –
Fr. Juan D. Severo
Forts in Iligan – Fr. Francisco Ducos
Forts in Calapan, Oriental Mindoro and in
San Jacinto, Masbate – Fr. Agustin de Sta.
Catalina
c. For San Antonio Abad built facing Manila
Bay to subvert attacks of the American
Forces led by General George Dewey
3. PLAZAS

a. formed as open space surrounded by the church,

the school and government offices.
b. from the book of Visitacion dela Torre, Landmarks
of Manila:
1) Plaza Calderon de la Barca in front of Binondo
church
2) Plaza Cervantes adjoining Plaza Moraga
located toward the Escolta
3) Plaza Liga Anti-Imperialista located along
Malacanang Palace
4) Plaza Goiti (now Plaza Lacson after the Manila
Mayor) at the site of the Sta. Cruz church
5) Plaza Arroceros (then Plaza Lawton, now
Liwasang Bonifacio) in front of the Post Office Bldg.
6) Plaza Miranda fronting Quiapo church
7) Plaza Moriones found in Tondo
8) Plaza Roma (then called Plaza de Armas) facing Manila Cathedral
9) Plaza Moraga located at the foot of Jones Bridge

AMERICAN PERIOD

Daniel Burnham – prepared city plan of Manila and Baguo

“on the point of rapid growth, yet still small in area, possessing the bay of Naples, the winding river of
Paris, and the canals of Venice, Manila has before it an opportunity unique in history of modern
times, the opportunity to create a unified city equal to the greatest of the Western world, with
unparalled and priceless addition to a tropical setting.”
The Filipino as an Architect

Spanish Period:

1. Felix Roxas y Arroyo – rebuilding of Sto. Domingo church and the Ayuntamiento in Intramuros,
Church of Bacoor, Cavite and the residences of many elite families
2. Diego Hervas (Juan Hervas) – St. Paul Hospital, Assumption Convent in Herran, Monte de Piedad in
Plaza Goiti, La Estrella del Norte and Oriente Building.

Escuela Practica y Profeccional de Artes y Oficio de Manila – first academic school to train “maestro de
obra” (master builder) in 1880

3. Arcadio Arellano – first Filipino to be employed by Governor Taft as architectural advisor who studied
at school mentioned above.

American Period:

Liceo de Manila – private school in 1900 which offered a master builder’s course

Escuela de Ingenieria y Arquitectura – first engineering and architectural school in 1904

- affiliated with Liceo de Manila after it shut down and resumed after four years

1. Carlos Baretto – first Filipino architect to work with the Division of Architecture of the Bureau of Public
Works; first scholar (pensionado) to the US to take up architectural studies at the Drexel Institute of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; first Filipino architect with academic title
2. Antonio Toledo – worked at the Bureau of Public Works as consultant and supervisor; took up studies
at Cornell University
3. Tomas Mapua – studied at Cornell University; first Filipino registered architect; established first
architectural school, Mapua Institute of Technology

Art Nouveau architects:

4. Juan Arellano – impressionist painter; took up studies at Drexel Institute

5. Andres Luna y San Pedro – only son of the famous painter, Juan Luna
6. Fernando Ocampo
7. Pablo Antonio
8. Juan Nakpil – engineer and architect who took masteral studies at Harvard University; first National
Artist in Architecture in the Philippines

Post-war Period:

1. Cesar Concio 70s architecture:

2. Federico Ilustre
3. Angel Nakpil 14. Leandro Locsin
4. Otillio Arellano 15. Rogelio Villarosa
5. Felipe Mendoza 16. William Coscolluela
6. Jose Ma. Zaragoza 17. Jorge Ramos
7. Gabriel Formoso 18. Carlos Santos-Viola
8. Carlos Arguelles 19. Engracia Mariano
9. Cresenciano C. De Castro 20. Antonio Sindiong
10. Alfredo J. Luz 21. Rolando Mercado
11. Manuel and Francisco Manosa
12. Jose Herrera
13. Ruperto Gaite
PHILIPPINE SKYLINE in the last 100 years

C. 1900

1. LA CONCOLACION COLLEGE, Mendiola St., Manila

- first Augustinian school in the country; the school was allowed to graduate students with the title
“Maestra Superiora”
- first school convent authorized to teach the English Language

2. NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, M.F. Jhocson St., Sampaloc, Manila

- first non-sectarian school in the country
- then called Colegio Filino and then Colegio Mercantil when it included business courses, then National
Academy

3. SUPREME COURT, P. Faura cor. Taft Ave. Manila

- design of Juan Arellano
- intended as a Conservatory of Music (Villamor Hall) of UP
- reconstruction of Antonio Toledo and Federico Ilustre functioned as Supreme Court
- Jose Ma. Zaragoza and Partners renovated and reconstructed the building and added the Session Hall

4. SORSOGON PROVINCIAL CAPITOL BUILDING, Sorsogon, Sorsogon

- first provincial capitol building in Manila
5. MANILA CLUB BUILDING, San Marcelino St., Ermita, Manila
- the Manila Club (El Club de los Ingleses) is considered to be the oldest existing social club in the
country.
- William E. Parsons designed the building
- the building was sold to the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office

6. UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

- first public non-sectarian school and the first state-supported institution in the tertiary level

UP COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, Ermita, Manila

- Rizal Hall which housed the College of Liberal Arts

PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL, Taft Ave., Manila

- William Parsons was the architect with Tomas Mapua as the supervising architect
- Jorge Ramos was commissioned to design the annex buildings
 PGH NURSES’ HOMES, Taft Ave. cor. Pedro Gil, Malate, Manila
- designed by William Parsons intended as a dormitory house

PGH PHARMACY BUILDING, Taft Ave., Ermita, Manila

- designed by William Parsons under the supervision of Tomas Mapua

INSTITUTE FOR RADIUM THERAPY, Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila

7. P. BURGOS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, Libertad St., Pasay City

- designed by Engineer Isauro Gabaldon
- first public school building in Pasay City
- declared a landmark ba the National Historical Institute

8. CAMP JOHN HAY, Loakan Rd., Baguio City

- established as rest and recreation base for American colonial officers and armed forces personnel
and their dependents
- J. Franklin Bell built the ampitheatre, post exchange, library, mess hall, recreation building and Italian
Gardens.

9. TEACHER’S CAMP, Leonard Wood Rd., Baguio City

- a recreational and training center for the use of American and Filipino public school instructors
10. MANSION HOUSE, Wright Park, Baguio City
- later used as the summer residence of Philippine presidents

11. BAGUIO CITY HIGH SCHOOL, Baguio City

12. BAGUIO POST OFFICE, Baguio City

13. ST. VINCENT’S CHURCH, Baguio City

C. 1910

1. CAPIZ PROVINCIAL CAPITOL BUILDING, Capiz

- original design by William Parsons
2. PANGASINAN PROVINCIAL CAPITOL BUILDING, Pangasinan

3. DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE BUILDING, T.M. Kalaw St., cor. P. Burgos St., Mla.
- Ralph Doane designed and began the construction of the building but due to lack of funds, the
construction took quite a long time. Juan Arellano took over as architect of the Finance Building
- Antonio Toledo as consulting architect for rebuilding after Liberation of Manila

4. DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM, T.M. Kalaw, Luneta, Manila

- known first as Agriculture and Commerce Bldg.
- built together with its twin, the Finance Building enclosing a small park known as Agrifina circle
- rebuilt under the supervision of Antonio Toledo
5. ARMY AND NAVY CLUB, South Drive, T.M.
Kalaw, Ermita, Manila
- William Parsons as the architect of the
building
- first American social club to be established in
the Philippines
- declared as a historical landmark

6. ELKS CLUB, Roxas Boulevard cor. South Blvd.,

Ermita, Manila

7. PNR PACO STATION, Plaza Dilao, Paco, Manila

- one of the oldest train terminal in Manila
- designed by Ralph Doane assisted by Antonio Toledo and Juan Arellano

8. ILOILO PORT AND CUSTOM HOUSE

9. ST. SCHOLASTICA’S COLLEGE and CHURCH, Leon Guinto St., Malate, Manila

10. ST. VINCENT DE PAUL CHURCH, Sn Marcelino St., Manila

11. PAMPANGA HIGH SCHOOL, Pampanga

12. UST MAIN BUILDING, Espana St., Sampaloc, Manila
- Asia’s oldest university
- Fr. Roque Ruano designed and built the Main Building

13. PHILIPPINE NORMAL SCHOOL, Cor. Ayala Blvd. and Taft Ave., Manila
- first school established for the training of teachers for both elementary and high school education
- main building designed by William Parsons
- one of the first big reinforced concrete buildings in Manila (with PGH)
14. FUNERARIA PAZ, C.M. Recto Ave., Manila
- arcaded opening

15. FUNERARIA POPULAR, Rizal Ave., Sta. Cruz, Manila

- square headed

16. MANILA HOTEL, Luneta Park, Manila

- William Parsons designed the world famous Manila Hotel
- “Aristocrat of the Orient” and “Address of Prestige”
- underwent renovation from the plan of Leandro Locsin with the American Dale Keller as Interior
Designer.

17. LUNETA HOTEL

- second oldest hotel
18. LEYBA BUILDING, Dasmarinas St., Sta. Cruz, Manila

19. EL HOGAR FILIPINO, Juan Luna St., Binondo, Manila

- means “The Filipino House”

20. HAMILTON BUILDING, Juan Luna St., BInondo, Manila

- used to be the Hongkong-Shanghai Bank

21. FULE-MALVAR MANSION, San Pablo City, Laguna

- designed by Andres Luna Y San Pedro bought by Phil-Am Insurance Co.

C. 1920

1. LEYTE PROVINCIAL CAPITOL

- designed by Antonio Toledo
2. CEBU CAPITOL BUILDING

3. ILOILO CITY HALL, Plaza Libertad, Jaro, Iloilo City

4. CENTRAL POST OFFICE, Liwasang Bonifacio, Manila

- by Juan Arellano

5. HUGH WILSON HALL, Lerma St., Sampaloc, Manila

6. MASONIC TEMPLE, Plaza Libertad, Jaro, Iloilo City

7. SAN BEDA COLLEGE, Mendiola St., San Miguel, Manila

8. MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Muralla St., Instramuros, Manila
- by Tomas Mapua

9. PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY, Taft Ave., Manila

- oldest university for women in Asia

10. LEGARDA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, J. Fajardo St. (formerly Lealtad),

Sampaloc, Manila
- designed by Andres Luna y San Pedro
- named after Don Benito Legarda

11. CACHO BUILDING, J.M. Basa St., Jaro, Iloilo

- “Iloilo Light Co.”
- elegant example of Art Nouveau decoration

12. JAVELLANA BUILDING, Jaro, Iloilo

13. FIRST NATIONAL CITY BANK BUILDING, Juan Luna St., Binondo, Manila
- the first bank to resume business after the Japanese Occupation
- now called SMS building

14. CHINA BANKING CORPORATION, Juan Luna St., Binondo, Manila

15. PACO BUILDING, Plaza Cervantes cor. Quintin Paredes St., Binondo, Manila
- designed by Andres Luna y San Pedro
 - the first high rise building in Manila

16. PEREZ-SAMANILLO BUILDING, Escolta St., Sta. Cruz, Manila

- designed by Andres Luna y San Pedro
- one of the best designed commercial building of Andres Luna y San Pedro
- the First United Building Corporation

17. FEU MAIN BUILDING, Quezon Blvd., Manila

- designed by Pablo Antonio
- “remnant of the Beaux Arts tradition”

C. 1930

1. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, Plaza Lawton, Manila

- designed by Juan Arellano
- Arcadio Arellano, Met’s Interior Designer and Juan
Arellano’s brother
- Fernando Amorsolo made two mural paintings for
the interior complemented by sculptural work of
Italian Francisco Monti
- Restored by Otillo Arellano, nephew of Juan
Arellano
- declared as a National Landmark

2. FERNANDEZ HERMANOS BUILDING, Juan Luna St.,

Binondo, Manila
 - designed by Andres Luna y San Pedro

3. CAPITAN PEPE BUILDING, Rizal Ave., cor. C.M. Recto, Manila

- designed by Juan Nakpil
- functioned first as a hotel then an office building. Currently, used as a dormitory

4. CHATEAU MARIE, Roxas Blvd. cor P. Faura, Manila

- designed by Andres Luna y San Pedro
- Jacobo Zobel’s house

5. TOMAS B. MAPUA RESIDENCE, Taft. Ave. Ext., Pasay City

- by Tomas Mapua

6. MR. & MRS. JAVELLANA HOUSE, Vito Cruz, Pasay City

- by Andres Luna y San Pedro

7. SYQUIA APARTMENTS
- designed by Juan Nakpil

8. BEL-AIR APARTMENTS, Roxas Blvd., Manila

- formerly the Boulevard Alhambra Apartments
- Pablo Antonio as architect

9. STATE THEATER, Rizal Ave., Manila

- an architectural achievement of Juan Nakpil and Sons
- cantilevered stairs with aluminum railing leading to the balcony and loge.

10. AVENUE THEATER, Rizal Ave., Sta. Cruz, Manila

- considered to be the largest and biggest theatre ever
built in the country
- first to have “panoramic” and “vista vision” and the first
to have glass blocks proscenium which could be lighted
inside

11. MANILA JOCKEY CLUB, Felix Huertas St., Sta. Cruz, Manila
- first international organization established in the country
- first racing club in the Far East.
- main building designed by Juan Nakpil where he
introduced his architectural first: the exposed
cantilevered staircase as its architectural motif.
- known as San Lazaro Hippodrome

12. JAI-ALAI BUILDING, Taft Ave., Manila

- known as the home of the Basque game, pelota, in the
Philippines
- built by the firm of the American architects Wurdeman
and Becket
- considered as one of the best Jai-Alai stadiums in the
world.
- Carlos de Silva undertook the rehabilitation

13. NIELSON TOWER, Makati Avenue, Makati, MM

- known today as the Ayala Triangle.
- Makati was an airport with the Nielson Tower as its famous
landmark
 - the Tower, planned like an airplane and located between the two runways was rehabilitated into a
club and restaurant in 1980 by Francisco Manosa
- considered a landmark

14. RIZAL MEMORIAL STADIUM, M. Adriatico St. cor. Vito Cruz, Ermita, Manila
- designed by Juan Nakpil and Sons

15. ADMIRAL HOTEL, Roxas Blvd., Pasay City

- built from the plans of Fernando Ocampo
- title of the hotel in reference to Admiral George Dewey, hero of the
Battle at Manila Bay
- during its prominence, it was considered to be the tallest building
along Dewey Blvd. (now Roxas Blvd)

17. QUEZON INSTITUTE, E. Rodriguez Ave., cor Araneta Ave., Q.C.

- formerly called Santol Sanatorium, established as a rehabilitation center for TB patients
- buildings in the sprawling compound were designed by Juan Nakpil
- the largest hospital for patients afflicted with the lung disease
18. ADAMSON UNIVERSOTY, San Marcelino St., Erminta,
Manila
- founded by Dr. George Lucas Adamson

19. DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY, MANILA, Taft. Ave., Manila

- designed by Tomas Mapua

20. CHRIST THE KING CHAPEL AND SEMINARY, E.

Rodriguez Ave., QC
- three-storey Seminary for the Societas Verbi
Divini (SVD) undertaken as a community work of
the SVD Brothers
- designed by Fr. Fred Lynn, head of the Divine
Word Missionaries’ Central Architecture Office in
Rome

21. COURT OF APPEALS, Ma. Orosa St., Ermita, Manila

- designed by Juan Arellano, formerly the P College of Engineering
- rebuilt in 1950 with Cesar H. Concio as the architect

22. SENG GUAN BUDDHIST TEMPLE, 1176 Narra St., Tondo, Manila
- original temple with design and construction taken by several Chinese contractors
- renovation undertaken by Thomas Diokno who later called it “Ten Thousand Buddha”
- the headquarters of Philippine Buddhism, the most famous Buddhist temple in the country
C. 1940

1. LEGISLATIVE BUILDING, P. Burgos

St., Manila
- intended to be used as a
museum-library
- reconstruction and
rehabilitation made possible by
Ralph Doane and Antonio
Toledo
- went back to its original
function and was called the
National Museum

2. ROMAN SANTOS BLDG., Plaza Sta. Cruz, Manila

- original home of the Monte de Piedad and Savings
Bank
- one-storey plan of this building is prepared by Juan
Hervas
- after the building’s ownership was passed to
Consolidated Investment Corporation, it was
reconstructed into a nine storey structure with Andres
Luna de San Pedro as architect

3. MANILA CITY HALL, Taft Ave., Manila

- first building made of Oregon Pine but declared to be dangerous and in the verge of collapse by City
Engineer Santiago Artiaga.
- present Manila City Hall was built with Antonio Toledo as consulting architect
4. CENTRAL UNITED METHODIST CHURCH, T.M.
Kalaw St., Ermita, Manila
- first Protestant church in the Philippines
- underwent several renovation and rebuilding
- early churches designed by American pastor
and the latest architect was Juan Arellano

5. BURKE BUILDING, Escolta St., Sta. Cruz, Manila

- first building installed with an elevator

6. BACLARAN CHURCH, Redemptorist Road, Baclaran,

Paranaque
- now the National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual
Help
- reputed to be one of the largest church in the
country together with Santo Domingo Church and
Taal Church, the biggest churches in Asia and among
the large churches in the world

7. TIMES THEATER, Quezon Blvd., Quiapo, Manila

- designed by Luis Ma. Araneta
- most outstanding features are glass motif of four
stories high, cantilevered stairs with glass railings,
block light mirrors, tasteful upholstery, and
mirrored walls.

8. FEATI UNIVERSITY, Helios St., Sta. Cruz, Manila

- began as an office for Far Eastern East Transport, Inc. then was changed to FEATI Institute of
Technology
- first civil airlines in the Philippines serving the Iloilo-Manila-Hongkong route.

9. ADORATION CONVENT, Baguio City

- designed by Mercedes G. Raffinan

10. SINGER BUILDING, Port Area, Manila

- built with Pablo Antonio as architect
- used as manufacturing plant of the Singer sewing machines
11. SEAFRONT CLUBHOUSE, Roxas Blvd., Manila
- overlooking Manila Bay, designed by Gabriel Formoso

12. MANILA POLO CLUB, McKinley Road, Forbes Park, Makati

- club’s present site in Makati, designed by Pablo Antonio

13. CAPITAN GONZAGA BUILDING, Carriedo St., cor. Rizal Ave. Sta. Cruz, Manila
- designed by Pablo Antonio
- reputed to be the first building to employ briese-soleil (sun breakers) in its façade
- played a major role in the development of the Avenida Rizal-Carriedo streets.

14. UST COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING BUILDING, UST

Campus, Espana, Manila
- used to be occupied by the College of
Engineering and College of Architecture and Fine
Arts
- constructed with Manuel Francisco as architect

C. 1950

1. UST COLLEGE OF COMMERCE BUILDING

- design of Jose Ma. Zaragoza
- now houses the College of Commerce and the
College of Arts and Letters

2. UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, Diliman, Quezon City

- transfer from Manila realized in 1948.

UP BENITEZ HALL
- designed by Antonio Toledo which house the College of
Education
- named in honor of Francisco Benitez who was called “dean of
deans” because of length of service

UP COLLEGE OF LAW
- mirror image of UP Benitez Hall

UP QUEZON HALL
- designed jointly by Juan Nakpil and Cesar Concio
- named in honor of Pres. Manuel L. Quezon
 UP PALMA HALL
- designed by Cesar Concio
- named in honor of Rafael Palma, fourth president of the university

UP MELCHOR HALL
- designed by Cesar Concio
- named after Alejandro Melchor, an alumnus, former faculty member and
former member of the Board of Regents

UP GONZALEZ HALL
- design of Juan Nakpil
- houses the university’s Central Library

3. ATENEO DE MANILA, Katipunan Ave., Loyola Heights, Q.C.

- most old buildings in Ateneo Loyola Heights were designed by Gines
Rivera

4. LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES, Muralla cor Rizal St., Intramuros, Manila

5. ST. PAUL’S COLLEGE, Pedro Gil, Malate, Manila

- originally designed by Fernando Ocampo

6. MT. CARMEL CHURCH, Dona Juana

Rodriguez St., New Manila, QC
- design of Arturo Manalac
7. CHAPEL OF THE HOLY SACRIFICE, UP Diliman, QC
- designed by Leandro Locsin
- the first circular church in the country which was often referred to as “flying
saucer”
- artists who provided outstanding contribution to the completion of this church:
Vicente Manansala (“larger than life” stations of the cross), Napoleon Abueva
(sculpture of the gigantic crucifix with the Crucified Christ on one side and
the Risen Lord with the Eternal Priest on the other), and Arturo Luz (geometric
mosaics on the flooring)

8. IGLESIA NI KRISTO, E. Rodriguez Ave., QC

- the INC’s first major structure was the Bishop’s palace and chapel in San Juan
designed by Juan Nakpil
- Carlos Santos-Viola designed the temple which became the prototype of
many INC churches all over the country

9. CHURCH OF THE RISEN LORD, UP Diliman, QC

- Cesar Concio designed this parabolic
shaped church on A-frame structure

10. US EMBASSY BUILDING, Roxas Blvd., Manila

- design by the American Architect A.L. Aydelott
- characteristic decorative sun baffles

11. PHILIPPINE TRUST COMPANY BUILDING, Sta. Cruz, Manila

- designed by Juan Nakpil

12. VETERANS MEMORIAL MEDICAL CENTER, North Ave. cor

Mindanao Ave., Q.C.
- the only veterans hospital in the Philippines
- designed by and American architect and supervised by
American engineers

13. GIRL SCOUT OF THE PHILIPPINES, Padre Faura St., Malate,

Manila
- a new building, designed by Leandro Locsin, stands beside it

14. BOY SCOUTS OF THE PHILIPPINES, Concepion St., Ermita, Manila

- designed by Juan Nakpil
- firs class Council of the Boy Scouts of America

15. NATIONAL PRESS CLUB, Magallanes Drive cor. Jones Bridge, Intramuros, Manila
- Angel Nakpil designed the building which many considered as a reflection of
the Werkbund Exhibition Building designed by Walter Gropius
16. PHILIPPINE AMERICAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY BUILDING (PHIL-AM LIFE), United Nations, Ermita,
Manila
- Carlos D. Arguelles together with American architects Parsons, Beckwith and Hable designed the
building

17. UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST – RAMON MAGSAYSAY, Aurora Blvd., Sta. Mesa, QC
- designed by Gabino De Leon

18. GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM, Arroceros St., cor,

Concepcion St., Manila
- designed by Federico Ilustre

19. GALAXY THEATRE, Rizal Ave., Sta. Cruz, Manila

- designed by Pablo Antonio

20. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION BUILDING, UN Ave. cor. Taft Ave., Mla.
- designed by A.J. Luz with later additions undertaken by Arcenas,
Payumo and Andrews

21. VALLEY GOLF CLUB, Victoria Valley, Antipolo, Rizal

- by Gabriel Formoso in the form of a golf ball on a tee

22. ARANETA COLISEUM, Araneta Center, Q. C.

- domical in form and grand in scale
- at the time it was built, it held the distinction of
being the largest domical sports and
entertainment center in the world

C. 1960

1. ST. LUKE EPISCOPALIAN CHURCH, E. Rodriguez Ave., QC.

- began together with the coming of the Americans in the
country

2. CHURCH OF ST. ANDREW, Bel-Air, Makati

- designed by Leandro Locsin

3. PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENT CHURCH, Taft Ave., Manila

- designed by Carlos Arguelles

4. PHILIPPINE SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL, Quezon City

- designed by Cresenciano de Castro

5. UST COLLEGE OF EDUCATION BUILDING, UST Campus, Espana, Manila

- designed by Manuel Francisco

6. ASIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, Paseo De Roxas, Makati

- by Gabriel Formoso
- training ground of Asian economic managers
- originally called the Eugenio Lopez Foundation
7. LA SALLE GREENHILLS GYMNASIUM, Ortigas Ave., Greenhills, San Juan
- built by Gines Rivera

8. CHARTERED BANK BUILDING, Makati Ave., Makati, MM

- designed by Gabriel Formoso
- influenced by work of Mies Van der Rohe

9. PECACHE BUILDING, Plaza Miranda, Quiapo, Manila

- designed by Juan Nakpil
- popularly known as the Philippine Savings Bank Building

10. METRO BANK PLAZA, Buendia Avenue, Ext., Makati, MM

- designed by the architectural office of Sindiong,
Ocampo & Garcia

11. CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, Roxas Blvd., Manila

- design of Gabriel Formoso

12. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Escolta, Manila

- the site where Crystal Arcade (1931 – Andres Luna y San Pedro) used
to be.
- Carlos Arguelles as architect

13. CHINA BANK BUILDING, Paseo De Roxas, Makati

- designed by the architectural office of
Sindiong, Ocampo, Garcia
- similar to the Lever House in New York
designed by the architectural firm of
Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM).

14. LA TONDENA BUILDING, 444 EDSA, Makati, MM

- Gabriel Formoso designed this edifice

15. INSULAR LIFE BUILDING, Ayala Ave. cor. Paseo de Roxas,

Makati, MM
- designed by Cesar H. Concio
- its Conference Room contains a historical table which was
used by the 1935 Constitutional Convention.
16. MERALCO CENTER, Ortigas Ave., Pasig MM
- Jose Ma. Zaragoza designed this building

17. ANITA BUILDING, Timog Ave., Q.C.

- popularly called the Circle Building due to the old rotunda found at the intersection of the Quezon
Ave., West Ave., and Timog Ave.

18. HYATT REGENCY HOTEL, Roxas Blvd., Pasay City

- originally called Sheraton Philippines Hotel
- designs of Leandro Locsin

19. HOTEL INTERCONTINENTAL, Ayala Ave., Makati, MM

- “Grand Dame of Makati”
- designed by Leandro Locsin

20. CCP THEATER OF PERFORMING ARTS, CCP Complex,

Roxas Blvd., MM
- designed by Leandro Locsin
- first structure to rise in the CCP Complex

21. SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM, East Ave., QC

- designed by Juan Nakpil

22. RIZAL PROVINCIAL CAPITOL BUILDING, Shaw Blvd., Pasig, MM

- the first governmental building to utilize a centralized air-conditioning system and one of the first to use
louvers for sunlight and heat control

23. NATIONAL LIBRARY, T.M. Kalaw St., Manila

- first called American Circulating Library
- designed by a group of architects who called
themselves the HEXAGON Architects: Federico Ilustre,
Rogelio Villarosa, Jose Ma. Zaragoza, Gabino de Leon,
Felipe Mendoza and Carlos Arguelles
24. LOYOLA MEMORIAL CHAPELS, Guadalupe, EDSA, Makati
- designed by Feliciano Nicolas

25. BAGUIO CONVENTION CENTER, Baguio City

- by Jorge Ramos
- used vernacular architecture

26. GOLDENBERG MANSION, Gen. Solano St., San Miguel,

Manila
- designed by Felix Roxas
- one of the grandes and most historic mansions in the
islands
- reconstruction by Leandro Locsin, since then called “Ang
Maharlika”

C. 1970

1. FOLK ARTS THEATER, CCP Complex, Roxas Blvd., Manila

- designed by Leandro Locsin
- completed in 77 days built in time for Manila’s hosting of
the Miss Universe competition in 1974
- the largest single-span building in the Philippines

2. PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER, CCP

Complex, Roxas Blvd., MM
- designed by Leandro Locsin
- composed of three buildings: Delegation Building,
Reception Hall and Secretariat Building

3. PHILIPPINE CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE EXHIBITIONS

(PHILCITE), CCP Complex, Roxas Blvd., MM
- by Leandro Locsin
4. DEVELOPMENT ACADEMY OF THE PHILIPPINES, Tagaytay City
- designed by Gabriel Formoso and Partners

5. POPULATION CENTER BUILDING, Makati, MM

- by Leandro Locsin

6. PHILIPPINE HEART CENTER, East Ave., Diliman, Q.C.

- designed by Jorge Y. Ramos

7. NATIONAL MUSEUM PLANETARIUM, P. Burgos St.,

Rizal Park, Manila
- constructed under the supervision of Federico
Ilustre

8. NUTRITION CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES, Makati,

MM
- designed by Leandro Locsin

9. NATIONAL IRRIGATION ADMINISTRATION

BUILDING, EDSA, Diliman, Q.C.
- designed by Gabriel Formoso and Partners

10. BATASANG PAMBANSA, Batasan Road,

Commonwealth Ave., Q.C.
- Felipe Medoza, architect who designed it with a massive central structure flanked by 2 symmetrical 6-
storey building

11. BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE BLDG., Quezon Ave., QC

- designed by Crescenciano de Castro
- BIR Revenue Region No. 4-13

12. METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE

SYSTEM, Katipunan Rd., Balara, QC.
- designed by Gabriel Formoso
- also include Balara Filter Plant, and a replica of the
Carriedo Fountain

13. PALACIO DEL GOBERNADOR, Gen. Luna St.,

Intramuros, Manila
- rebuilt by Juan Arellano

14. BULLETIN BUILDING, Muralla, Recoletos and Cabildo

Sts., Intramuros, Manila
- design of Pablo R. Antonio, Jr.

15. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, Buendia, Makati MM

- branch of the PNB
- designed by Juan Nakpil

16. CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES MINT BUILDING, East Ave., Diliman, QC
- Central Bank Security Printing Plant, Mint and Gold Refinery Complex designed by Gabriel Formoso
and Partners
17. NINOY AQUINO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, Pasay City
- formerly known as Manila International Airport
- designed by Leandro Locsin – International Passenger Terminal Building

18. QUIAPO MUSLIM MOSQUE, Globo de Oro cor. Elizondo St.

- designed by Jorge Ramos

19. MANILA MIDTOWN HOTEL, Pedro Gil cor. M. Adriatico St., Ermita, Manila
- designed by architectural group of Arcenas, Payumo, Dee, and Andrews