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Newton's Law of Cooling states that the temperature of a body changes at a rate proportional to the
difference in temperature between its own temperature and the temperature of its surroundings.
dT
= −k(T − Ts )
dt
where,
T = temperature of the body at any time, t
Ts = temperature of the surroundings (also called ambient temperature)
To = initial temperature of the body
k = constant of proportionality
dT
= −k(T − Ts )
dt
dT
= −k dt
T − Ts
ln(T − Ts ) = −kt + ln C
−kt
ln(T − Ts ) = ln e + ln C
−kt
ln(T − To ) = ln C e
−kt
T − Ts = C e
when t = 0, T = To
C = To − Ts
Thus,
−kt
T − Ts = (To − Ts )e
−kt
T = Ts + (To − Ts )e
https://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/elementary-differential-equations/newton-s-law-cooling 1/3
1/27/2019 Newton's Law of Cooling | Elementary Differential Equations Review
The formula above need not be memorized, it is more useful if you understand how we arrive to the formula.
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1/27/2019 Newton's Law of Cooling | Elementary Differential Equations Review
02 - Time for the thermometer reading to drop to within half degree of the air temperature
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