Republic Act 9262

"THE ANTI-VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN ACT

OF 2004"

SECTION 5. Acts of Violence Against Women and Their Children.- The crime of
violence against women and their children is committed through any of the following acts:

(a) Causing physical harm to the woman or her child;

(b) Threatening to cause the woman or her child physical harm;

(c) Attempting to cause the woman or her child physical harm;

(d) Placing the woman or her child in fear of imminent physical harm;

(e) Attempting to compel or compelling the woman or her child to engage in conduct which
the woman or her child has the right to desist from or desist from conduct which the
woman or her child has the right to engage in, or attempting to restrict or restricting
the woman's or her child's freedom of movement or conduct by force or threat of force,
physical or other harm or threat of physical or other harm, or intimidation directed
against the woman or child. This shall include, but not limited to, the following acts
committed with the purpose or effect of controlling or restricting the woman's or her
child's movement or conduct:

(1) Threatening to deprive or actually depriving the woman or her child of custody to
her/his family;

(2) Depriving or threatening to deprive the woman or her children of financial support
legally due her or her family, or deliberately providing the woman's children
insufficient financial support;

(3) Depriving or threatening to deprive the woman or her child of a legal right; and

(4) Preventing the woman in engaging in any legitimate profession, occupation,

business or activity or controlling the victim's own mon4ey or properties, or solely
controlling the conjugal or common money, or properties.

(f) Inflicting or threatening to inflict physical harm on oneself for the purpose of controlling
her actions or decisions;

(g) Causing or attempting to cause the woman or her child to engage in any sexual activity
which does not constitute rape, by force or threat of force, physical harm, or through
intimidation directed against the woman or her child or her/his immediate family;

(h) Engaging in purposeful, knowing, or reckless conduct, personally or through another,

that alarms or causes substantial emotional or psychological distress to the woman or
her child. This shall include, but not be limited to, the following acts:

(1) Stalking or following the woman or her child in public or private places;

(2) Peering in the window or lingering outside the residence of the woman or her child;

(3) Entering or remaining in the dwelling or on the property of the woman or her child
against her/his will;

(4) Destroying the property and personal belongings or inflicting harm to animals or
pets of the woman or her child; and

(5) Engaging in any form of harassment or violence.

(i) Causing mental or emotional anguish, public ridicule or humiliation to the woman or her
child, including, but not limited to, repeated verbal and emotional abuse, and denial of
financial support or custody of minor children of access to the woman's child/children.

SECTION 7. Venue.- The Regional Trial Court designated as a Family Court shall have
original and exclusive jurisdiction. In the absence of such court in the place where the
offense was committed, the case shall be filed in the Regional Trial Court where the
crime or any of its elements was committed at the option of the compliant.
 Republic Act 9775
Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009
AN ACT DEFINING THE CRIME OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY, PRESCRIBING
PENALTIES THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Section 4. Unlawful or Prohibited Acts. - It shall be unlawful for any person:

(a) To hire, employ, use, persuade, induce or coerce a child to perform in the creation or
production of any form of child pornography;

(b) To produce, direct, manufacture or create any form of child pornography;

(c) To publish offer, transmit, sell, distribute, broadcast, advertise, promote, export or
import any form of child pornography;

(d) To possess any form of child pornography with the intent to sell, distribute, publish, or
broadcast: Provided. That possession of three (3) or more articles of child pornography
of the same form shall be prima facie evidence of the intent to sell, distribute, publish
or broadcast;

(e) To knowingly, willfully and intentionally provide a venue for the commission of
prohibited acts as, but not limited to, dens, private rooms, cubicles, cinemas, houses
or in establishments purporting to be a legitimate business;

(f) For film distributors, theaters and telecommunication companies, by themselves or in

cooperation with other entities, to distribute any form of child pornography;

(g) For a parent, legal guardian or person having custody or control of a child to knowingly
permit the child to engage, participate or assist in any form of child pornography;

(h) To engage in the luring or grooming of a child;

(i) To engage in pandering of any form of child pornography;

(j) To willfully access any form of child pornography;

(k) To conspire to commit any of the prohibited acts stated in this section. Conspiracy to
commit any form of child pornography shall be committed when two (2) or more
persons come to an agreement concerning the commission of any of the said prohibited
acts and decide to commit it; and

(l) To possess any form of child pornography.

 REPUBLIC ACT No. 8049
ANTI-HAZING LAW
Section 1. Hazing, as used in this Act, is an initiation rite or practice as a prerequisite for
admission into membership in a fraternity, sorority or organization by placing the
recruit, neophyte or applicant in some embarrassing or humiliating situations such as
forcing him to do menial, silly, foolish and other similar tasks or activities or otherwise
subjecting him to physical or psychological suffering or injury.

The term "organization" shall include any club or the Armed Forces of the Philippines,
Philippine National Police, Philippine Military Academy, or officer and cadet corp of the
Citizen's Military Training and Citizen's Army Training. The physical, mental and
psychological testing and training procedure and practices to determine and enhance
the physical, mental and psychological fitness of prospective regular members of the
Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Philippine National Police as approved ny the
Secretary of National Defense and the National Police Commission duly recommended
by the Chief of Staff, Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Director General of the
Philippine National Police shall not be considered as hazing for the purposes of this Act.

Section 2. No hazing or initiation rites in any form or manner by a fraternity, sorority or

organization shall be allowed without prior written notice to the school authorities or
head of organization seven (7) days before the conduct of such initiation. The written
notice shall indicate the period of the initiation activities which shall not exceed three
(3) days, shall include the names of those to be subjected to such activities, and shall
further contain an undertaking that no physical violence be employed by anybody
during such initiation rites.

Section 3. The head of the school or organization or their representatives must assign at
least two (2) representatives of the school or organization, as the case may be, to be
present during the initiation. It is the duty of such representative to see to it that no
physical harm of any kind shall be inflicted upon a recruit, neophyte or applicant.

Section 4. If the person subjected to hazing or other forms of initiation rites suffers any
physical injury or dies as a result thereof, the officers and members of the fraternity,
sorority or organization who actually participated in the infliction of physical harm shall
be liable as principals. The person or persons who participated in the hazing shall suffer:

1. The penalty of reclusion perpetua (life imprisonment) if death, rape, sodomy or

mutilation results there from.

2. The penalty of reclusion temporal in its maximum period (17 years, 4 months and 1 day
to 20 years) if in consequence of the hazing the victim shall become insane, imbecile,
impotent or blind.

3. The penalty of reclusion temporal in its medium period (14 years, 8 months and one day
to 17 years and 4 months) if in consequence of the hazing the victim shall have lost
the use of speech or the power to hear or to smell, or shall have lost an eye, a hand, a
foot, an arm or a leg or shall have lost the use of any such member shall have become
incapacitated for the activity or work in which he was habitually engaged.

4. The penalty of reclusion temporal in its minimum period (12 years and one day to 14
years and 8 months) if in consequence of the hazing the victim shall become deformed
or shall have lost any other part of his body, or shall have lost the use thereof, or shall
have been ill or incapacitated for the performance on the activity or work in which he
was habitually engaged for a period of more than ninety (90) days.

5. The penalty of prison mayor in its maximum period (10 years and one day to 12 years)
if in consequence of the hazing the victim shall have been ill or incapacitated for the
performance on the activity or work in which he was habitually engaged for a period of
more than thirty (30) days.

6. The penalty of prison mayor in its medium period (8 years and one day to 10 years) if
in consequence of the hazing the victim shall have been ill or incapacitated for the
performance on the activity or work in which he was habitually engaged for a period of
ten (10) days or more, or that the injury sustained shall require medical assistance for
the same period.

7. The penalty of prison mayor in its minimum period (6 years and one day to 8 years) if
in consequence of the hazing the victim shall have been ill or incapacitated for the
performance on the activity or work in which he was habitually engaged from one (1)
to nine (9) days, or that the injury sustained shall require medical assistance for the
same period.

8. The penalty of prison correccional in its maximum period (4 years, 2 months and one
day to 6 years) if in consequence of the hazing the victim sustained physical injuries
which do not prevent him from engaging in his habitual activity or work nor require
medical attendance.

The responsible officials of the school or of the police, military or citizen's army training
organization, may impose the appropriate administrative sanctions on the person or
the persons charged under this provision even before their conviction. The maximum
penalty herein provided shall be imposed in any of the following instances:

(a) when the recruitment is accompanied by force, violence, threat, intimidation or deceit
on the person of the recruit who refuses to join;
(b) when the recruit, neophyte or applicant initially consents to join but upon learning that
hazing will be committed on his person, is prevented from quitting;

(c) when the recruit, neophyte or applicant having undergone hazing is prevented from
reporting the unlawful act to his parents or guardians, to the proper school authorities,
or to the police authorities, through force, violence, threat or intimidation;

(d) when the hazing is committed outside of the school or institution; or

(e) when the victim is below twelve (12) years of age at the time of the hazing.

The owner of the place where hazing is conducted shall be liable as an accomplice, when
he has actual knowledge of the hazing conducted therein but failed to take any action
to prevent the same from occurring. If the hazing is held in the home of one of the
officers or members of the fraternity, group, or organization, the parents shall be held
liable as principals when they have actual knowledge of the hazing conducted therein
but failed to take any action to prevent the same from occurring.

The school authorities including faculty members who consent to the hazing or who have
actual knowledge thereof, but failed to take any action to prevent the same from
occurring shall be punished as accomplices for the acts of hazing committed by the
perpetrators.

The officers, former officers, or alumni of the organization, group, fraternity or sorority who
actually planned the hazing although not present when the acts constituting the hazing
were committed shall be liable as principals. A fraternity or sorority's adviser who is
present when the acts constituting the hazing were committed and failed to take action
to prevent the same from occurring shall be liable as principal.

The presence of any person during the hazing is prima facie evidence of participation
therein as principal unless he prevented the commission of the acts punishable herein.

Any person charged under this provision shall not be entitled to the mitigating circumstance
that there was no intention to commit so grave a wrong.

This section shall apply to the president, manager, director or other responsible officer of
a corporation engaged in hazing as a requirement for employment in the manner
provided herein.
 Republic Act 7610
Special Protection of Children Against Abuse,
Exploitation and Discrimination Act
Sec. 5. Child Prostitution and Other Sexual Abuse. - Children, whether male or
female, who for money, profit, or any other consideration or due to the coercion or
influence of any adult, syndicate or group, indulge in sexual intercourse or lascivious
conduct, are deemed to be children exploited in prostitution and other sexual abuse.

The penalty of reclusion temporal in its medium period to reclusion perpetua shall be
imposed upon the following:
(a) Those who engage in or promote, facilitate or induce child prostitution which include,
but are not limited to, the following:

(1) Acting as a procurer of a child prostitute;

(2) Inducing a person to be a client of a child prostitute by means of written or oral

advertisements or other similar means;

(3) Taking advantage of influence or relationship to procure a child as prostitute;

(4) Threatening or using violence towards a child to engage him as a prostitute; or

(5) Giving monetary consideration goods or other pecuniary benefit to a child with intent
to engage such child in prostitution.
(b) Those who commit the act of sexual intercourse of lascivious conduct with a child
exploited in prostitution or subject to other sexual abuse; Provided, That when the
victims is under twelve (12) years of age, the perpetrators shall be prosecuted under
Article 335, paragraph 3, for rape and Article 336 of Act No. 3815, as amended, the
Revised Penal Code, for rape or lascivious conduct, as the case may be: Provided, That
the penalty for lascivious conduct when the victim is under twelve (12) years of age shall
be reclusion temporal in its medium period; and

(c) Those who derive profit or advantage therefrom, whether as manager or owner of the
establishment where the prostitution takes place, or of the sauna, disco, bar, resort,
place of entertainment or establishment serving as a cover or which engages in
prostitution in addition to the activity for which the license has been issued to said
establishment.

Sec. 7. Child Trafficking. - Any person who shall engage in trading and dealing with
children including, but not limited to, the act of buying and selling of a child for
money, or for any other consideration, or barter, shall suffer the penalty of reclusion
temporal to reclusion perpetua. The penalty shall be imposed in its maximum period
when the victim is under twelve (12) years of age.
 Republic Act No. 9344
Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006
Section 1. Short Title and Scope. - This Act shall be known as the "Juvenile Justice
and Welfare Act of 2006."It shall cover the different stages involving children at risk
and children in conflict with the law from prevention to rehabilitation and reintegration.

SEC. 5. Rights of the Child in Conflict with the Law. - Every child in conflict with the
law shall have the following rights, including but not limited to:

(a) the right not to be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment
or punishment;

(b) the right not to be imposed a sentence of capital punishment or life imprisonment,
without the possibility of release;

(c) the right not to be deprived, unlawfully or arbitrarily, of his/her liberty; detention or
imprisonment being a disposition of last resort, and which shall be for the shortest
appropriate period of time;

(d) the right to be treated with humanity and respect, for the inherent dignity of the person,
and in a manner which takes into account the needs of a person of his/her age. In
particular, a child deprived of liberty shall be separated from adult offenders at all
times. No child shall be detained together with adult offenders. He/She shall be
conveyed separately to or from court. He/She shall await hearing of his/her own case
in a separate holding area. A child in conflict with the law shall have the right to
maintain contact with his/her family through correspondence and visits, save in
exceptional circumstances;

(e) the right to prompt access to legal and other appropriate assistance, as well as the right
to challenge the legality of the deprivation of his/her liberty before a court or other
competent, independent and impartial authority, and to a prompt decision on such
action;

(f) the right to bail and recognizance, in appropriate cases;

(g) the right to testify as a witness in hid/her own behalf under the rule on examination of
a child witness;

(h) the right to have his/her privacy respected fully at all stages of the proceedings;

(i) the right to diversion if he/she is qualified and voluntarily avails of the same;

(j) the right to be imposed a judgment in proportion to the gravity of the offense where
his/her best interest, the rights of the victim and the needs of society are all taken into
consideration by the court, under the principle of restorative justice;

(k) the right to have restrictions on his/her personal liberty limited to the minimum, and
where discretion is given by law to the judge to determine whether to impose fine or
imprisonment, the imposition of fine being preferred as the more appropriate penalty;

(I) in general, the right to automatic suspension of sentence;

(m) the right to probation as an alternative to imprisonment, if qualified under the Probation
Law;

(n) the right to be free from liability for perjury, concealment or misrepresentation; and

(o) other rights as provided for under existing laws, rules and regulations.

The State further adopts the provisions of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for
the Administration of Juvenile Justice or "Beijing Rules", United Nations Guidelines for
the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency or the "Riyadh Guidelines", and the United
Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of Liberty.

SEC. 6. Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility. - A child fifteen (15) years of age or
under at the time of the commission of the offense shall be exempt from criminal
liability. However, the child shall be subjected to an intervention program pursuant to
Section 20 of this Act.

A child above fifteen (15) years but below eighteen (18) years of age shall likewise be
exempt from criminal liability and be subjected to an intervention program, unless
he/she has acted with discernment, in which case, such child shall be subjected to the
appropriate proceedings in accordance with this Act.

The exemption from criminal liability herein established does not include exemption from
civil liability, which shall be enforced in accordance with existing laws.
 Presidential Decree No. 603
THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE
Art. 2. Title and Scope of Code. - The Code shall be known as the "Child and Youth
Welfare Code". It shall apply to persons below twenty-one years of age except those
emancipated in accordance with law. "Child" or "minor" or "youth" as used in this Code,
shall refer to such persons.

Art. 3. Rights of the Child. - All children shall be entitled to the rights herein set forth
without distinction as to legitimacy or illegitimacy, sex, social status, religion, political
antecedents, and other factors.

(1) Every child is endowed with the dignity and worth of a human being from the
moment of his conception, as generally accepted in medical parlance, and has,
therefore, the right to be born well.

(2) Every child has the right to a wholesome family life that will provide him with love,
care and understanding, guidance and counseling, and moral and material security.

The dependent or abandoned child shall be provided with the nearest substitute for a
home.

(3) Every child has the right to a well-rounded development of his personality to the
end that he may become a happy, useful and active member of society.

The gifted child shall be given opportunity and encouragement to develop his special
talents.

The emotionally disturbed or socially maladjusted child shall be treated with sympathy
and understanding, and shall be entitled to treatment and competent care.

The physically or mentally handicapped child shall be given the treatment, education
and care required by his particular condition.

(4) Every child has the right to a balanced diet, adequate clothing, sufficient shelter,
proper medical attention, and all the basic physical requirements of a healthy and
vigorous life.

(5) Every child has the right to be brought up in an atmosphere of morality and
rectitude for the enrichment and the strengthening of his character.

(6) Every child has the right to an education commensurate with his abilities and to
the development of his skills for the improvement of his capacity for service to himself
and to his fellowmen.

(7) Every child has the right to full opportunities for safe and wholesome recreation
and activities, individual as well as social, for the wholesome use of his leisure hours.

(8) Every child has the right to protection against exploitation, improper influences,
hazards, and other conditions or circumstances prejudicial to his physical, mental,
emotional, social and moral development.

(9) Every child has the right to live in a community and a society that can offer him an
environment free from pernicious influences and conducive to the promotion of his
health and the cultivation of his desirable traits and attributes.

(10) Every child has the right to the care, assistance, and protection of the State,
particularly when his parents or guardians fail or are unable to provide him with his
fundamental needs for growth, development, and improvement.

(11) Every child has the right to an efficient and honest government that will deepen
his faith in democracy and inspire him with the morality of the constituted authorities
both in their public and private lives.

(12) Every child has the right to grow up as a free individual, in an atmosphere of
peace, understanding, tolerance, and universal brotherhood, and with the
determination to contribute his share in the building of a better world.

Art. 4. Responsibilities of the Child. - Every child, regardless of the circumstances of

his birth, sex, religion, social status, political antecedents and other factors shall:

(1) Strive to lead an upright and virtuous life in accordance with the tenets of his
religion, the teachings of his elders and mentors, and the biddings of a clean
conscience;

(2) Love, respect and obey his parents, and cooperate with them in the strengthening
of the family;

(3) Extend to his brothers and sisters his love, thoughtfulness, and helpfulness, and
endeavor with them to keep the family harmonious and united;

(4) Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for service, particularly by undergoing
a formal education suited to his abilities, in order that he may become an asset to
himself and to society;
 (5) Respect not only his elders but also the customs and traditions of our people, the
memory of our heroes, the duly constituted authorities, the laws of our country, and
the principles and institutions of democracy;

(6) Participate actively in civic affairs and in the promotion of the general welfare,
always bearing in mind that it is the youth who will eventually be called upon to
discharge the responsibility of leadership in shaping the nation's future; and

(7) Help in the observance of individual human rights, the strengthening of freedom
everywhere, the fostering of cooperation among nations in the pursuit of their common
aspirations for programs and prosperity, and the furtherance of world peace.

Art. 5. Commencement of Civil Personality. - The civil personality of the child shall
commence from the time of his conception, for all purposes favorable to him, subject
to the requirements of Article 41 of the Civil Code.

Art. 6. Abortion. - The abortion of a conceived child, whether such act be intentional or
not, shall be governed by the pertinent provisions of the Revised Penal Code.

Art. 7. Non-disclosure of Birth Records. - The records of a person's birth shall be kept
strictly confidential and no information relating thereto shall be issued except on the
request of any of the following:

(1) The person himself, or any person authorized by him;

(2) His spouse, his parent or parents, his direct descendants, or the guardian or
institution legally in-charge of him if he is a minor;

(3) The court or proper public official whenever absolutely necessary in administrative,
judicial or other official proceedings to determine the identity of the child's parents or
other circumstances surrounding his birth; and

(4) In case of the person's death, the nearest of kin.

Any person violating the prohibition shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of at least two
months or a fine in an amount not exceeding five hundred pesos, or both, in the
discretion of the court.
 Republic Act No. 9372
Human Security Act of 2007
AN ACT TO SECURE THE STATE AND PROTECT OUR PEOPLE FROM
TERRORISM
SEC. 3. Terrorism.- Any person who commits an act punishable under any of the following
provisions of the Revised Penal Code:

a. Article 122 (Piracy in General and Mutiny in the High Seas or in the Philippine Waters);

b. Article 134 (Rebellion or Insurrection);

c. Article 134-a (Coup d' Etat), including acts committed by private persons;

d. Article 248 (Murder);

e. Article 267 (Kidnapping and Serious Illegal Detention);

f. Article 324 (Crimes Involving Destruction), or under

1. Presidential Decree No. 1613 (The Law on Arson);

2. Republic Act No. 6969 (Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act
of 1990);

3. Republic Act No. 5207, (Atomic Energy Regulatory and Liability Act of 1968);

4. Republic Act No. 6235 (Anti-Hijacking Law);

5. Presidential Decree No. 532 (Anti-Piracy and Anti-Highway Robbery Law of 1974); and,

6. Presidential Decree No. 1866, as amended (Decree Codifying the Laws on Illegal and
Unlawful Possession, Manufacture, Dealing in, Acquisition or Disposition of Firearms,
Ammunitions or Explosives)

thereby sowing and creating a condition of widespread and extraordinary fear and panic
among the populace, in order to coerce the government to give in to an unlawful
demand shall be guilty of the crime of terrorism and shall suffer the penalty of forty
(40) years of imprisonment, without the benefit of parole as provided for under Act No.
4103, otherwise known as the Indeterminate Sentence Law, as amended.

SEC. 4. Conspiracy to Commit Terrorism. - Persons who conspire to commit the crime
of terrorism shall suffer the penalty of forty (40) years of imprisonment.

There is conspiracy when two or more persons come to an agreement concerning the
commission of the crime of terrorism as defined in Section 3 hereof and decide to
commit the same.

SEC. 5. Accomplice. - Any person who, not being a principal under Article 17 of the
Revised Penal Code or a conspirator as defined in Section 4 hereof, cooperates in the
execution of either the crime of terrorism or conspiracy to commit terrorism by previous
or simultaneous acts shall suffer the penalty of from seventeen (17) years, four months
one day to twenty (20) years of imprisonment.

SEC. 6. Accessory. - Any person who, having knowledge of the commission of the crime
of terrorism or conspiracy to commit terrorism, and without having participated therein,
either as principal or accomplice under Articles 17 and 18 of the Revised Penal Code,
takes part subsequent to its commission in any of the following manner: (a) by profiting
himself or assisting the offender to profit by the effects of the crime; (b) by concealing
or destroying the body of the crime, or the effects, or instruments thereof, in order to
prevent its discovery; (c) by harboring, concealing, or assisting in the escape of the
principal or conspirator of the crime, shall suffer the penalty of ten (10) years and one
day to twelve (12) years of imprisonment.

Notwithstanding the above paragraph, the penalties prescribed for accessories shall not be
imposed upon those who are such with respect to their spouses, ascendants,
descendants, legitimate, natural, and adopted brothers and sisters, or relatives by
affinity within the same degrees, with the single exception of accessories falling within
the provisions of subparagraph (a).
 Republic Act 8353

The Anti-Rape Law of 1997

Section 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as "The Anti-Rape Law of 1997."

Sec. 2. Rape as a Crime Against Persons. - The crime of rape shall hereafter be
classified as a Crime Against Persons under Title Eight of Act No. 3815, as amended,
otherwise known as the Revised Penal Code. Accordingly, there shall be incorporated
into Title Eight of the same Code a new chapter to be known as Chapter Three on
Rape, to read as follows:

"Chapter Three"
"Rape"
"Article 266-A. Rape: When And How Committed. - Rape is committed:

"1) By a man who shall have carnal knowledge of a woman under any of the
following circumstances:

"a) Through force, threat, or intimidation;

"b) When the offended party is deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious;

"c) By means of fraudulent machination or grave abuse of authority; and

"d) When the offended party is under twelve (12) years of age or is demented,
even though none of the circumstances mentioned above be present.

"2) By any person who, under any of the circumstances mentioned in paragraph 1 hereof,
shall commit an act of sexual assault by inserting his penis into another person's
mouth or anal orifice, or any instrument or object, into the genital or anal orifice of
another person.

"Article 266-C. Effect of Pardon. - The subsequent valid marriage between the
offended party shall extinguish the criminal action or the penalty imposed.

"In case it is the legal husband who is the offender, the subsequent forgiveness by
the wife as the offended party shall extinguish the criminal action or the penalty:
Provided, That the crime shall not be extinguished or the penalty shall not be abated
if the marriage is void ab initio.

"Article 266-D. Presumptions. - Any physical overt act manifesting resistance

against the act of rape in any degree from the offended party, or where the offended
party is so situated as to render her/him incapable of giving valid consent, may be
accepted as evidence in the prosecution of the acts punished under Article 266-A."
 REPUBLIC ACT No. 4200
AN ACT TO PROHIBIT AND PENALIZE WIRE TAPPING AND
OTHER RELATED VIOLATIONS OF THE PRIVACY OF
COMMUNICATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
Section 1. It shall be unlawful for any person, not being authorized by all the parties to
any private communication or spoken word, to tap any wire or cable, or by using any other
device or arrangement, to secretly overhear, intercept, or record such communication or
spoken word by using a device commonly known as a dictaphone or dictagraph or
dictaphone or walkie-talkie or tape recorder, or however otherwise described:

It shall also be unlawful for any person, be he a participant or not in the act or acts penalized
in the next preceding sentence, to knowingly possess any tape record, wire record, disc
record, or any other such record, or copies thereof, of any communication or spoken word
secured either before or after the effective date of this Act in the manner prohibited by this
law; or to replay the same for any other person or persons; or to communicate the contents
thereof, either verbally or in writing, or to furnish transcriptions thereof, whether complete
or partial, to any other person: Provided, That the use of such record or any copies thereof
as evidence in any civil, criminal investigation or trial of offenses mentioned in section 3
hereof, shall not be covered by this prohibition.

Section 2. Any person who willfully or knowingly does or who shall aid, permit, or cause
to be done any of the acts declared to be unlawful in the preceding section or who violates
the provisions of the following section or of any order issued thereunder, or aids, permits,
or causes such violation shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for
not less than six months or more than six years and with the accessory penalty of perpetual
absolute disqualification from public office if the offender be a public official at the time of
the commission of the offense, and, if the offender is an alien he shall be subject to
deportation proceedings.

Section 3. Nothing contained in this Act, however, shall render it unlawful or punishable
for any peace officer, who is authorized by a written order of the Court, to execute any of
the acts declared to be unlawful in the two preceding sections in cases involving the crimes
of treason, espionage, provoking war and disloyalty in case of war, piracy, mutiny in the
high seas, rebellion, conspiracy and proposal to commit rebellion, inciting to rebellion,
sedition, conspiracy to commit sedition, inciting to sedition, kidnapping as defined by the
Revised Penal Code, and violations of Commonwealth Act No. 616, punishing espionage
and other offenses against national security: Provided, That such written order shall only
be issued or granted upon written application and the examination under oath or affirmation
of the applicant and the witnesses he may produce and a showing: (1) that there are
reasonable grounds to believe that any of the crimes enumerated hereinabove has been
committed or is being committed or is about to be committed: Provided, however, That in
cases involving the offenses of rebellion, conspiracy and proposal to commit rebellion,
inciting to rebellion, sedition, conspiracy to commit sedition, and inciting to sedition, such
authority shall be granted only upon prior proof that a rebellion or acts of sedition, as the
case may be, have actually been or are being committed; (2) that there are reasonable
grounds to believe that evidence will be obtained essential to the conviction of any person
for, or to the solution of, or to the prevention of, any of such crimes; and (3) that there
are no other means readily available for obtaining such evidence.

The order granted or issued shall specify: (1) the identity of the person or persons whose
communications, conversations, discussions, or spoken words are to be overheard,
intercepted, or recorded and, in the case of telegraphic or telephonic communications, the
telegraph line or the telephone number involved and its location; (2) the identity of the
peace officer authorized to overhear, intercept, or record the communications,
conversations, discussions, or spoken words; (3) the offense or offenses committed or
sought to be prevented; and (4) the period of the authorization. The authorization shall be
effective for the period specified in the order which shall not exceed sixty (60) days from
the date of issuance of the order, unless extended or renewed by the court upon being
satisfied that such extension or renewal is in the public interest.

All recordings made under court authorization shall, within forty-eight hours after the
expiration of the period fixed in the order, be deposited with the court in a sealed envelope
or sealed package, and shall be accompanied by an affidavit of the peace officer granted
such authority stating the number of recordings made, the dates and times covered by
each recording, the number of tapes, discs, or records included in the deposit, and certifying
that no duplicates or copies of the whole or any part thereof have been made, or if made,
that all such duplicates or copies are included in the envelope or package deposited with
the court. The envelope or package so deposited shall not be opened, or the recordings
replayed, or used in evidence, or their contents revealed, except upon order of the court,
which shall not be granted except upon motion, with due notice and opportunity to be heard
to the person or persons whose conversation or communications have been recorded.

The court referred to in this section shall be understood to mean the Court of First Instance
within whose territorial jurisdiction the acts for which authority is applied for are to be
executed.

Section 4. Any communication or spoken word, or the existence, contents, substance,

purport, effect, or meaning of the same or any part thereof, or any information therein
contained obtained or secured by any person in violation of the preceding sections of this
Act shall not be admissible in evidence in any judicial, quasi-judicial, legislative or
administrative hearing or investigation.
 Republic Act No. 9372
Human Security Act of 2007
SEC. 7. Surveillance of Suspects and Interception and Recording of
Communications. -The provisions of Republic Act No. 4200 (Anti-Wire Tapping Law) to
the contrary notwithstanding, a police or law enforcement official and the members of his
team may, upon a written order of the Court of Appeals, listen to, intercept and record,
with the use of any mode, form, kind or type of electronic or other surveillance
equipment or intercepting and tracking devices, or with the use of any other suitable
ways and means for that purpose, any communication, message, conversation,
discussion, or spoken or written words between members of a judicially declared and
outlawed terrorist organization, association, or group of persons or of any person charged
with or suspected of the crime of terrorism or conspiracy to commit terrorism.

Provided, That surveillance, interception and recording of communications between

lawyers and clients, doctors and patients, journalists and their sources and confidential
business correspondence shall not be authorized.

SEC. 26. Restriction on Travel. - In cases where evidence of guilt is not strong, and
the person charged with the crime of terrorism or conspiracy to commit terrorism is
entitled to bail and is granted the same, the court, upon application by the
prosecutor, shall limit the right of travel of the accused to within the municipality or
city where he resides or where the case is pending, in the interest of national security
and public safety, consistent with Article III, Section 6 of the Constitution. Travel
outside of said municipality or city, without the authorization of the court, shall be
deemed a violation of the terms and conditions of his bail, which shall then be
forfeited as provided under the Rules of Court.
He/she may also be placed under house arrest by order of the court at his or her usual
place of residence.
While under house arrest, he or she may not use telephones, cellphones, e-mails,
computers, the internet or other means of communications with people outside the
residence until otherwise ordered by the court.

The restrictions abovementioned shall be terminated upon the acquittal of the accused or
of the dismissal of the case filed against him or earlier upon the discretion of the
court on motion of the prosecutor or of the accused.

SEC. 27. Judicial Authorization Required to Examine Bank Deposits, Accounts,

and Records. - The provisions of Republic Act No. 1405 as amended, to the contrary
notwithstanding, the justices of the Court of Appeals designated as a special court to
handle anti-terrorism cases after satisfying themselves of the existence of probable cause
in a hearing called for that purpose that: (1) a person charged with or suspected of the
crime of terrorism or, conspiracy to commit terrorism, (2) of a judicially declared and
outlawed terrorist organization, association, or group of persons; and (3) of a member of
such judicially declared and outlawed organization, association, or group of persons, may
authorize in writing any police or law enforcement officer and the members of his/her
team duly authorized in writing by the anti-terrorism council to: (a) examine, or cause
the examination of, the deposits, placements, trust accounts, assets and records in a
bank or financial institution; and (b) gather or cause the gathering of any relevant
information about such deposits, placements, trust accounts, assets, and records from a
bank or financial institution. The bank or financial institution concerned, shall not refuse
to allow such examination or to provide the desired information, when so, ordered by and
served with the written order of the Court of Appeals.

SEC. 28. Application to Examine Bank Deposits, Accounts, and Records. - The
written order of the Court of Appeals authorizing the examination of bank deposits,
placements, trust accounts, assets, and records: (1) of a person charged with or
suspected of the crime of terrorism or conspiracy to commit terrorism; (2) of any
judicially declared and outlawed terrorist organization, association, or group of persons,
or (3) of any member of such organization, association, or group of persons in a bank or
financial institution, and the gathering of any relevant information about the same from
said bank or financial institution, shall only be granted by the authorizing division of the
Court of Appeals upon an ex parte application to that effect of a police or of a law
enforcement official who has been duly authorized in writing to file such ex parte
application by the Anti-Terrorism Council created in Section 53 of this Act to file such ex
parte application, and upon examination under oath or affirmation of the applicant and,
the witnesses he may produce to establish the facts that will justify the need and urgency
of examining and freezing the bank deposits, placements, trust accounts, assets, and
records: (1) of the person charged with or suspected of the crime of terrorism or
conspiracy to commit terrorism; (2) of a judicially declared and outlawed terrorist
organization, association or group of persons; or (3) of any member of such organization,
association, or group of persons.

SEC. 29. Classification and Contents of the Court Order Authorizing the
Examination of Bank Deposits, Accounts, and Records. - The written order granted
by the authorizing division of the Court of Appeals as well as its order, if any, to extend or
renew the same, the original ex parte application of the applicant, including his ex parte
application to extend or renew, if any, and the written authorizations of the Anti-
Terrorism Council, shall be deemed and are hereby declared as classified information:
Provided, That the person whose bank deposits, placements, trust accounts, assets, and
records have been examined, frozen, sequestered and seized by law enforcement
authorities has the right to be informed of the acts done by the law enforcement
authorities in the premises or to challenge, if he or she intends to do so, the legality of
the interference. The written order of the authorizing division of the Court of Appeals
designated to handle cases involving terrorism shall specify: (a) the identify of the said:
(1) person charged with or suspected of the crime of terrorism or conspiracy to commit
terrorism; (2) judicially declared and outlawed terrorist organization, association, or
group of persons; and (3) member of such judicially declared and outlawed organization,
association, or group of persons, as the case may be. whose deposits, placements, trust
accounts, assets, and records are to be examined or the information to be gathered; (b)
the identity of the bank or financial Institution where such deposits, placements, trust
accounts, assets, and records are held and maintained; (c) the identity of the persons
who will conduct the said examination and the gathering of the desired information; and,
(d) the length of time the authorization shall be carried out.

SEC. 30. Effective Period of Court Authorization to Examine and Obtain

Information on Bank Deposits, Accounts, and Records. XXX, shall be effective for
the length of time specified in the written order of the authorizing division of the Court of
Appeals, which shall not exceed a period of thirty (30) days from the date of receipt of
the written order of the authorizing division of the Court of Appeals by the applicant
police or law enforcement official.

The authorizing division of the Court of Appeals may extend or renew the said
authorization for another period, which shall not exceed thirty (30) days renewable to
another thirty (30) days from the expiration of the original period: Provided, That the
authorizing division of the Court of Appeals is satisfied that such extension or renewal is
in the public interest: and, Provided, further, That the application for extension or
renewal, which must be filed by the original applicant, has been duly authorized in writing
by the Anti-Terrorism Council.

In case of death of the original applicant or in case he is physically disabled to file the
application for extension or renewal, the one next in rank to the original applicant among
the members of the ream named in the original written order of the authorizing division
of the Court of Appeals shall file the application for extension or renewal: Provided, That,
without prejudice to the liability of the police or law enforcement personnel under Section
19 hereof, the applicant police or law enforcement official shall have thirty (30) days after
the termination of the period granted by the Court of Appeals as provided in the
preceding paragraphs within which to file the appropriate case before the Public
Prosecutor's Office for any violation of this Act.

If no case is filed within the thirty (30)-day period, the applicant police or law
enforcement official shall immediately notify in writing the person subject of the bank
examination and freezing of bank deposits, placements, trust accounts, assets and
records. The penalty of ten (10) years and one day to twelve (12) years of imprisonment
shall be imposed upon the applicant police or law enforcement official who fails to notify
in writing the person subject of the bank examination and freezing of bank deposits,
placements, trust accounts, assets and records.

Any person, law enforcement official or judicial authority who violates his duty to notify in
writing as defined above shall suffer the penalty of six years and one day to eight years
of imprisonment.

SEC. 31. Custody of Bank Data and Information Obtained after Examination of
Deposits, Placements, Trust Accounts, Assets and Records. - All information, data,
excerpts, summaries, notes, memoranda, working sheets, reports, and other documents
obtained from the examination of the bank deposits, placements, trust accounts, assets
and records of: (1) a person charged with or suspected of the crime of terrorism or the
crime of conspiracy to commit terrorism; (2) a judicially declared and outlawed terrorist
organization, association, or group of persons; or (3) a member of any such organization,
association, or group of persons shall, within forty-eight (48) hours after the expiration of
the period fixed in the written order of the authorizing division of the Court of Appeals or
within forty-eight (48) hours after the expiration of the extension or renewal granted by
the authorizing division of the Court of Appeals, be deposited with the authorizing division
of the Court of Appeals in a sealed envelope or sealed package, as the case may be, and
shall be accompanied by a joint affidavit of the applicant police or law enforcement official
and the persons who actually conducted the examination of said bank deposits,
placements, trust accounts, assets and records.

SEC. 33. Disposition of Bank Materials. - The sealed envelope or sealed package and
the contents thereof, which are deposited with the authorizing division of the Court of
Appeals, shall be deemed and are hereby declared classified information and the sealed
envelope or sealed package shall not be opened and its contents shall not be divulged,
revealed, read, or used as evidence unless authorized in a written order of the
authorizing division of the Court of Appeals, which written order shall be granted only
upon a written application of the Department of Justice filed before the authorizing
division of the Court of Appeals and only upon a showing that the Department of Justice
has been duly authorized in writing by the Anti-Terrorism Council to file the application,
with notice in writing to the party concerned not later than three days before the
scheduled opening, to open, reveal, divulge, and use the contents of the sealed envelope
or sealed package as evidence.