SFG2001 EA P103499 Box394881B PUBLIC Disclosed 3 28 2016

SFG2001
Environmental and Social

Impact Assessment [ESIA]
For the Proposed Abuja Technology
Village [ATV]
Final Report
Growth and Employment (GEM) Project
Prepared for the Growth and Employment Project Management

Unit [PMU]
Final ESIA Report for the Abuja Technology Village
Environmental and Social

Impact Assessment [ESIA]
For the Proposed Abuja Technology
Village (ATV)
FINAL REPORT
Growth and Employment (GEM) Project
Prepared for Growth & Employment,

Block G, Room 225,
Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade & Investment
Abuja.
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Table of Contents
DRAFT REPORT II
LIST OF TABLES V
LIST OF FIGURES VI
LIST OF PHOTOS VI
ABBREVIATIONS VII
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IX
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 BACKGROUND 1
1.2 AIM OF THE ESIA 3
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE ESIA 3
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4
1.5 IMPLEMENTATION MODALITIES 4
1.6 TECHNICAL APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 5
1.6.1 DATA COLLECTION, SAMPLING AND FIELD METHODS 6
1.7 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ABUJA 6
1.8 THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ESIA PROCESS 8
1.8.1 THE FCT MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT EIA PROCESS 9
THE ESIA STRUCTURE 9
CHAPTER TWO POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 10

2.1 INTRODUCTION 10
2.2 NATIONAL POLICY ON ENVIRONMENT 10
2.2.1 THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT 10
2.2.2 FEDERAL MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY, TRADE AND INVESTMENT 12
2.2.3 FEDERAL MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT 13
2.3 STATE POLICY/ LEGISLATION 13
2.3.1 ABUJA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BOARD (AEPB) 13
2.3.2 NIGERIA EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES ACT (CAP N107 LFN 2004) 14
2.3.3 ABUJA TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE FREE ZONE COMPANY 14
2.4 OTHER ACTS AND LEGISLATIONS 14
2.5 INTERNATIONAL POLICY 16
2.5.1 WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS 16
2.6 NIGERIA EIA GUIDELINES AND WORLD BANK EA GUIDELINES 18
2.7 OTHER APPLICABLE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS 19
CHAPTER THREE PROJECT DESCRIPTION 20

3.1 LOCATION AND CONCEPT 20
3.2 THE ATV MASTER PLAN 20
3.2.1 INTENDED WORKS SUMMARY 22
3.3 MATERIALS INPUT AND OUTPUT 22
3.4 TECHNOLOGICAL LAYOUT 22
3.4.1 INFRASTRUCTURE 22
3.4.2 BUSINESS 23
3.4.3 LIVING 23
3.4.4 LEISURE 23
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3.5 PRODUCTION PROCESS 23

3.6 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 23
3.6.1 PHASE 1: (YEAR 2007-2010) 23
3.6.2 PHASE 2: (YEAR 2011-2020) 24
3.6.3 PHASE 3: (2021-2026) 24
3.7 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION 24
3.8 MAJOR FEATURES AND INSTALLATIONS 24
3.8.1 ROADS 24
3.8.2 WATER STRATEGY 25
3.8.3 WATER NETWORK DESIGN PARAMETERS 25
3.8.4 PIPE LINE NETWORK 26
3.8.5 FIRE FIGHTING 26
3.8.6 WASTE WATER 27
3.8.7 SURFACE WATER 28
3.8.8 FLOOD MANAGEMENT 31
3.8.9 POWER 32
3.8.10. TELECOMS 33
CHAPTER FOUR DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE

STUDIES 35
4.1 OVERVIEW OF THE FCT 35
4.1.1 INTRODUCTION 35
4.1.2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE FCT 35
4.1.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT OF FCT 36
4.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT AREA 37
4.2.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE ATV PROJECT AREA 38
4.2.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 39
4.3 BASELINE DATA 39
4.3.1 SAMPLING DESIGN AND STUDIES 39
4.4 DISCUSSION OF SOIL ANALYSIS 49
4.5 DISCUSSION OF RESULT OF WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS 54
4.6 VEGETATION AND FLORA STUDIES 57
4.7 FAUNA 57
4.8 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 57
4.8.1 METHODOLOGY 57
4.8.2 PRIMARY DATA 57
4.8.3 SECONDARY DATA 59
4.8.4 SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION 59
CHAPTER FIVE PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 62

5.1 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED TO MINIMIZE OR ELIMINATE THE OPTION OF RESETTLEMENT 62
5.1.1 CHANGING PROPOSED LOCATIONS OF CONCEPTUALIZED STRUCTURES 62
5.1.2 INCORPORATING EXISTING SETTLEMENTS INTO THE DESIGN 64
5.1.3 EXCLUSION OF INHABITED LAND FROM THE PROJECT DESIGN 64
5.2 ALTERNATIVE SOURCES FOR POWER SUPPLY 64
5.2.1 INSTALLATION OF 3,000 KVA, 11KV DIESEL GENERATORS 64
5.2.2 MAXIMIZATION OF THE PROPOSED ATV SOLAR FARM FOR RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY 64
5.4 DO-NOTHING OPTION 64
5.5 PREFERRED OPTION 65
CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY OF IMPACTS FOR THE ABUJA TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE 65
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6.1 INTRODUCTION 65
6.2 ASSOCIATED AND POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 66
6.3 ASSOCIATED AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS DETERMINATION 69
6.4 METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING AND ANALYSING THE SOCIAL IMPACTS 69
6.5 BROAD BENEFICIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED ABUJA TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE 69
6.6 IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL IMPACTS (BY PROJECT PHASES) 71
CHAPTER SEVEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 94

7.1 OVERVIEW 94
7.2 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT FOR ESMP AND MONITORING PLAN 94
CHAPTER EIGHT STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 120

8.1 INTRODUCTION 120
8.2 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION OBJECTIVES 120
8.3 ENVISAGED BENEFITS 120
8.4 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PROCESS 121
8.4.1 STAKEHOLDERS IDENTIFICATION 121
8.5 CONSULTATION SUMMARY 122
8.5.1 SECTION A 122
8.5.2 SECTION B 124
8.5.3 CONSTRAINTS TOWARDS ACHIEVING STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION OBJECTIVE 128
8.5.4 FURTHER CONSULTATIONS WITH FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY 129
CHAPTER NINE RECOMMENDATION 131
ANNEXES 132
ANNEX 2 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS FOR

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS 136
ANNEX 3 LETTERS FROM GEM 145
List of Tables
Table 3.0 Land use types for the proposed ATV development ........................................... 26
Table 3.1 Existing Pipe Categories ........................................................................................... 29
Table 3.2 Surface Water Attenuation ...................................................................................... 30
Table 3.3 Largest Pipe Diameter and Internal Diameter of Manholes ............................... 31
Table 4.0 GPS Coordinates of the sample collection points ................................................ 39
Table 4.1 Noise levels and Air Quality of the proposed ATV Study area .......................... 41
Table 4.2 Result of Soil analysis from the sampling locations.............................................. 44
Table 4.3 Result of surface water analysis from sampling locations.................................... 50
Table 4.4 Bacteria Isolate /Count Of Soil Samples ............................................................... 56
Table 4.5 Fungal Isolate In Soil Samples ................................................................................. 56
Table 4.6 Common plants encountered in the area ............................................................... 57
Table 4.7 Distribution of Households by type of housing unit ........................................... 60
Table 4.8 Distribution of Households by Source of water Supply for Domestic Use ..... 60
Table 4.9 Distribution of Regular Households by type of Toilet Facilities ........................ 60
Table 4.10 Distribution of Regular Household Method for solid Waste Disposal ........... 61
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Table 6.0 Likelihood of Occurrence of Impact ...................................................................... 67

Table 6.1 Potential Consequence Classification Matrix ........................................................ 67
Table 6.2 Potential Consequences ............................................................................................ 68
Table 6.3 Degree of Impact Significance................................................................................. 68
Table 6.5 Identified Potential Impacts by Phases – PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE . 71
Table 6.6 Identified impacts and Ratings - PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................ 81
Table 6.7 Identified Project Impacts and Rating – CONSTRUCTION PHASE ........... 86
Table 6.8 Identified Project Impacts and Ratings - OPERATION PHASE..................... 92
Table 7.0 ESMP -PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Abuja Technology Village Project 96
Table 7.1 ESMP for Abuja Technology Village Project - CONSTRUCTION PHASE 105
Table 7.2 ESMP for Abuja Technology Village Project - OPERATION PHASE ........ 115
Table 8.0 Documentation of the Consultation at Aleita ..................................................... 124
Table 8.1 Documentation of Public consultation at Chika................................................. 125
Table 8.2 Documentation of Public consultation at Pyakassa ........................................... 126
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 Flowchart of the FMEnv EIA Process ................................................................... 8
Figure 1.2: EIA Process for FCT................................................................................................ 9
Figure 3.0 General Layout of the proposed ATV site in the order of arrangement of the
cluster ................................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 3.1 Schematic Representation of the ATV Wastewater Layout............................... 28
Figure 3.2 Base load plant- Block layout main ....................................................................... 32
Figure 3.3 Peak Load Plant – Block Layout of Main Component ...................................... 32
Figure 4.0 Map of the project area showing the soil/air/noise sample locations ............. 43
Figure 4.1 Physicochemical analyses of soil samples ............................................................. 45
Figure 4.2 Physicochemical analyses of soil samples ............................................................. 46
Figure 4.3 Heavy metal analysis of soil .................................................................................... 47
Figure 4.4 Other heavy metal analysis of soil ......................................................................... 48
Figure 4.6 Physico-chemical analysis from surface water ..................................................... 52
Figure 4.7 Other Physico-chemical analysis from surface water.......................................... 52
Figure 4.8 Heavy metals analyses from surface water ........................................................... 53
Figure 4.9 Analysis of Surface Water hardness ....................................................................... 53
Figure 4.10 Physico-chemical analysis from surface water ................................................... 54
Figure 5.0 Showing the project area and intended works to be done ................................. 63
Figure 6.0 Impact Rating Tool .................................................................................................. 66
Figure 8.0 Consultation process for project phases ............................................................. 128
List of Photos
Photo 1 Fulani cattle rearers within the project area ............................................................. 38

Photo 2 Bridge located at Pyakassa showing an eroded area ............................................... 38
Photo 3 Consultant team collecting surface water for sampling and carrying out air
quality sampling .............................................................................................................. 40
Photo 4 Consultant obtaining the GPS Coordinates of the location .................................. 41
Photo 5 Showing some local settlement with the study area................................................ 58
Photo 6 Pyakassa environ .......................................................................................................... 59
Photo 7 Consultations with some members of the communities ...................................... 128
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Abbreviations
AEPB Abuja Environmental Protection Board
AfDB African Development Bank
AIST African Institute of Science and Technology
AMAC Abuja Municipal Area Council
ATV Abuja Technology Village
BODs Biochemical Oxygen Demands
CBOs Community Based Organizations
CITIES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
DFID Department For International Development
DMA District Metered Areas
DO Dissolved Oxygen
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP Environmental Management Plan
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework
ESMP Environmental Social Management Plan
FCC Federal Capital City
FCDA Federal Capital Development Agency
FCT Federal Capital Territory
FEPA Federal Environmental Protection Agency
FGN Federal Government of Nigeria
FMARD Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
FMEnv Federal Ministry of Environment
FMTI Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment
FTZ Free Trade Zone
GEM Growth and Employment
HSE-MP Health, Safety and Environmental Management Plan
ICT Information Communication and Technology
IDA International Development Association
IPM Integrated Pest Management
IPMP Integrated Pest Management Plan
IVM Integrated Vector Management
MBR Membrane Bio-rector
MDAs Ministries, Departments and Agencies
MRM Modified Ration Method
NESREA National Environmental Standards Regulatory Enforcement Agency
NGOs Non-governmental Organizations
NPC National Population Commission
NUDP National Urban Development Policy
OSHA Occupational, Health and Safety Act
PAPs Project Affected Persons
PDO Project Development Objective
PMU Project Management Unit
RAP Resettlement Action Plan
RFP Resettlement Policy Framework
SCS Soil Conservation Service
SE Supervising Engineer
SIL Specific Investment Loan
SIWES Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme
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SMSE Small and Medium Scale Enterprise

TDS Total Dissolved Solids
TOR Terms of Reference
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has received a Specific Investment Loan (SIL)
from the World Bank (WB) through the Growth and Employment (GEM) initiative for
the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment in Nigeria. GEM is designed and envisaged
to strengthen the Medium Small and Micro Enterprises schemes in all the selected states,
thereby, increasing opportunities in self-employment, poverty reduction and growth. The
major thrust of the GEM projects is to contribute to the FGN strategy for poverty
reduction by improving the welfare and living conditions of poor and vulnerable
communities in selected states (Lagos, Kano, Kaduna, Cross River states and F.C.T.
Abuja).
GEM is presently pioneering the implementation of ICT, and wholesale/retail,

interventions in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Consequently GEM seeks to
undertake funding for the Abuja Technology Village (ATV), a development that will
support private investment with information, skills, technology, group organization, and
business opportunities.
The GEM project consist of 3 components:
Component 1: Improved Investment Climate
Subcomponent 1A Reduced cost and Transparent Serviced land availability

Subcomponent 1B Investment Promotion & Facilitation
Subcomponent 1C Flexible Facility including Peer Learning
Component 2: Increase Competitiveness of Strategic Clusters
Subcomponent 2A Information Communication and Technology (ICT)

Subcomponent 2B Entertainment
Subcomponent 2C Wholesale and Retail Trade
Subcomponent 2D Construction and Real Estate
Subcomponent 2E Hospitality
Subcomponent 2F Meat and Leather
Subcomponent 2G Flexible Funding Mechanism
Component 3: Project Management, Monitoring, Evaluation and Communication
Various documents have been prepared in line with the GEM Project, and they include,
an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), a Resettlement Policy
Framework (RPF) an Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) and an Environmental
and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) which are specific to the development of the Abuja
Technology Village. This report focuses on the Environmental and Social Impact
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Assessment of the proposed Abuja Technology Village, which will span across 3
settlements in Abuja, Nigeria.
The Abuja Technology Village is conceived as a Technology Park that will provide an
enabling environment for the location of technology businesses. It will be a Free Trade
Zone (FTZ) and as such, offer a number of trade and commercial incentives to both start-
up enterprises and blue chip multi-nationals.
The project site falls within the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) that houses several
districts. It is bordered to the north by the Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and
Technology, to the south by Lugbe satellite settlement, to the west by the Umaru Musa
Yar’adua Expressway and to the southeast by Pyakassa. Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa are the
major satellite settlements likely to be affected by the project. These settlements are a
heritage of the Gbagyis’ who are the most predominant native ethnic group in Abuja. The
major occupations among the people from Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa are farming, petty
trade, civil service and entrepreneurship. Three Fulani settlements exist within the project
areas.
Aim of the ESIA
The aim of the study is to assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the
proposed Abuja Technology Village (ATV) development, and prepare an Environmental
and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) that includes a detailed Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP), which will include necessary mitigation measures. The ESIA
will establish modalities of implementing the rehabilitation works in line with the Nigeria
Environmental policies and laws and the World Bank Safeguard policies.
Scope of the Study
The study will be divided into four major parts to ensure adequate coverage and ease of
potential impact evaluations:
 Legal and Administrative framework

 Project and process description
 State of the environment and
 Socio-economic issues.
Technical Approach and Methodology
The methodology used in the conduct of the Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment (ESIA) for the project is based on guidelines as proposed by the following:
 Federal Government of Nigeria EIA Law and subsequent Federal Ministry of

Environment standard procedures for conducting EIA/ESIA in Nigeria
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 Guidelines documented under the World Bank Environmental Assessment

Operation Policies OP 4.01.
POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
The section on Policy examines the various regulatory and legal documents as it concerns
Nigeria and ATV development in Abuja. The World Bank Safeguards and other relevant
International guidelines applicable to the sub-project intervention were also examined.
The development project is rated a Category B (equivalent to Category 2 in the Nigeria

EIA Act) project in accordance with the Environmental Assessment Policy of the World
Bank, which will focus on mitigation and Environmental planning, measures.
The identified World Bank safeguard policies triggered by the ATV development project
include; Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01); Natural Habitats (OP 4. 04); Physical and
Cultural Resources (OP 4.11) and Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) and Pest
Management (OP 4.09). Another Consultant is preparing a standalone Resettlement
Action Plan (RAP), for the ATV developmental project since the safeguard policy on
Involuntary Resettlement is triggered.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Abuja Technology Village is situated along the Umar Musa Yar’adua Expressway
(Airport Road) near Lugbe satellite settlement in the Abuja Municipal Area Council
(AMAC) of the Federal Capital Territory. The airport road bound the site to the west,
African Institute of Science and Technology (AIST) to the north, Pykassa village to the
east and Lugbe satellite settlement to the north. Sited on 702.682 hectares, a few minutes’
drive from the Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport.
The development as conceived by Buro Happold (the feasibility studies and engineering design
consulting firm) will be in phases and based on emerging priorities. However, it is envisaged
that 4 sector clusters will be formed targeting:
 Information and Communications Technology

 Biotechnology
 Media Technology
 Multimedia Services
 Medical Technology
 Business Process Outsourcing
 Education and Skills
The Abuja Technology Village project shall be implemented in phases as follows:
Phase 1: (Year 2007-2010): This will involve development of the Civil Works
Infrastructure of the ATV that conforms to International Standards. In addition,
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the business development area, residential area and lifestyle support infrastructure. The
business development area will include facilities such as the; Innovati on Hub;
Incubator Centre; Large Corporate Buildings; Mid-tier Corporate Buildings and a
Conference/Convention Centre. The residential area will include various types of
accommodation and the supporting lifestyle services.
Phase 2: (Year 2011-2020): At this phase, the development of the independent

clusters for each technology focus area is expected to commence. The primary cluster is
expected to act as the catalyst for this phase. It will involve setting up additional business
development areas, residential areas and small to medium lifestyle support infrastructure
for each secondary cluster.
Phase 3: (2021-2026): This phase is a consolidation phase. This stage may lead expansions
based on the needs of the time and also newer technologies.
Major Features and Installations
This will include:
 Roads
 Water Strategy
 Water Network Design Parameters
 Fire Fighting
 Waste Water
 Surface Water
 Power
 Telecoms
DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND

BASELINE STUDIES
The project area is located in Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria. Abuja has a landmass area
of approximately 8,000 km2 (FCDA, 1990). It is centrally located and falls within the north
central region of the country, also known as the North Central Geopolitical Zone. It is
bordered on the north by Kaduna state, on the west by Niger state, on the east by Nasarawa
state and on the south by Kogi state and lies within latitude 8o 25’N and 9o 20’N and
longitude 6o45 and 7.39E with an elevation of 840m. Its population is approximately
1,406,239 (2006 census).
Overview of the project area
The proposed site for the ATV development is located along the Umaru Musa Yar’adua
Expressway. The ATV covers approximately 702 hectares of land bordered to the north
by the Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology, to the south by Lugbe satellite
settlement, to the west by the Umaru Musa Yar’adua Expressway and to the southeast by
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Pyakassa. Currently the project area is being habited by settlements, which are a heritage
of the Gbagyis’ who are the most predominant native ethnic group in Abuja. The
settlements found in the area belong to the people of Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa. The
major occupations of the people include; farming, petty trading and civil service work.
During field visit, 3 (three) Fulani settlement were observed from project area, precisely in
sections labels as cluster 2,3,4. A cashew plantation was also observed in the project area.
Cashews are sources of economic importance and are cash crops.
Baseline data were acquired during field trips made to the project area and associated
communities. Discussion of Soil and Water Analysis was conducted during the exercise.
The main thrust of this study is to discuss the results of some identified sampling
parameters on the physicochemical properties of the proposed ATV development site and
environs.
Data use for this assessment was gotten from oral interviews, visual field observation and
secondary data from existing surveys (National Population Commission). Questionnaires
could not be administered due to the non-compliance of the members of the community.
The communities were highly resistant, aggressive, and unresponsive and therefore the
Consultant could not collect as much socio-economic data for these project areas.
PROJECT ALTERNATIVES
The project alternatives were considered based on the option of resettlement and sources
of power supply.
i. Alternatives Considered to Minimize or eliminate the Option of Resettlement

 Changing Proposed Locations of Conceptualized Structures
 Incorporating Existing Settlements into the Design
 Exclusion of Inhabited land from the Project Design
ii. Alternative Sources for Power Supply
 Installation of 3,000 kva, 11kv Diesel Generators at each cluster.
 Maximization of the Proposed ATV Solar Farm for Renewable Source of Energy
iii. Do-Nothing Option
iv. Preferred Option
SUMMARY OF IMPACTS FOR THE ABUJA TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE
Beneficial Impacts of the Proposed Abuja Technology Village
 Increased investment and poverty reduction

 GEM Business environment reforms could help to release more land for
development addressing the acute housing shortage in the country. More
transparent land administration could reduce the disadvantages that women and
the poor currently face in obtaining title to land.
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 Improved competitiveness of strategic clusters could help to increase the incomes

of participants;
 Skills development: Targeted skills development to build human capital in selected
industries;
 Improved Health and safety standards in the work place could be realised in
targeted industries; and the improvement of food production, wholesaling and
retailing facilities could help to reduce health risks for consumers; and
 Creating environmental awareness and effective monitoring and evaluation of
impacts could improve the environmental footprint selected industries.
 Increase in internally generated revenue of the states,
 Sustainable economic diversification and attraction of foreign direct investment.
 The operation of the Abuja Technology Village will give rise to technology
development across different sectors (such as biotechnology, ICT, media
technology, medical technology , education and skills ) in the F.C.T and Nigeria at
large
 Several ministries, private companies, NGO’s and research institutes will benefit
from the operation of the ATV.
 The ATV will provide a holistic learning environment for educational Programme,
tours, seminars etc. for students and professionals. For example university students
studying in the technology related fields across different sectors and Industrial
Training (Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme [SIWES])” and those
requiring hands-on experience.
 The presence of a technology village will enhance the image of the F.C.T to
national and international community
 The Technology Village will support the growth of emerging technology-based
businesses within an entrepreneurial environment that encourages collaboration,
and provide connections to local, regional and international resources
 Economic development is envisage to occur with the operation of the ATV,
particularly through increased investment interests and opportunities from foreign
and indigenous investors
 The ATV will support increased entrepreneurialism
 Fostering of job creation and employment. For instance, more workers may be
employed to run the day-to-day activities of the technology village. In addition with
the presence of business operators within the ATV there will be an increase in
employment opportunities.
 Surge in improved health, standard of living; personal and infrastructural
development with regards to technology is envisaged
 Operations of this project will aid the achievement of Millennium Development
Goals for economic recovery and poverty alleviation.
 Provision of Access Roads: The technology village is designed to have a network
of roads that link up with the Umaru Yar’adua expressway, which is a major road
in and out of Abuja city. The road network will facilitate movement of goods and
people from and into the project area and neighbouring communities as well.
xiv
 Recreation Facilities
 Renewable Energy
 Residential buildings and facilities located within the ATV will help address
housing shortage in the F.C.T
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The range of environmental, social and occupational health and safety issues associated
with the Abuja Technology Village Project will be described in a matrix table format for the
environmental and social management plan (ESMP). The total cost for the ESMP for the
Abuja Technology Village Project is estimated at One Million One Hundred and Forty
Five Thousand, Six Hundred US Dollars ($1,145,600), One Hundred and Ninety
One Million, Three Hundred and Fifteen Thousand Two Hundred Naira (N191,
315,200).
STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION
Stakeholder Consultation is essential in achieving the overarching objectives of any project

implementation and sustainable development. Participatory approaches have been shown
to enhance project policy, ownership and sustainability and also to empower targeted
beneficiaries in particular, women, children and other vulnerable groups.
The stakeholders were informed about the proposed project and the intention of the
proponent to carry out an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment to ensure the
environmental and socio-economic sustainability of the project, and to explore windows
for capacity development and market expansion. They were given opportunity to share
their views with regards to perception of the project and also to make meaningful
contributions towards the development and sustainability of the project. Issues regarding
compensation and resettlement were also discussed, as this was a major point resulting
from a previous report “Data on Enumeration and Compensation of Project Affected
Persons (PAPs)” performed in 2006.
The stakeholders’ questions were attended to while remarks and concerns were noted and
documented.
Constraints towards achieving Stakeholders Consultation Objective
Despite all plans and preparations to achieve the overall objective of the stakeholders’
consultation, the PAPs were highly non-cooperative. During field visits, it was observed
that the members of the three communities were still aggrieved with the implementation
of the previous RAP by the Federal Government of Nigeria in 2006. The outcome of the
previous RAP implementation has made these communities skeptical towards any
intervention that may have any impact on their homes and livelihood activities.
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Concerns raised by the stakeholders include;
 That the resettlement area in Wasa put in place for them was quite below their
living standards.
 Most of the buildings in this resettlement area were already falling apart even
before people moving in.
 There was no accessible road leading into or within the area.
 There were no social amenities such as pipe borne water and power supply.
 The location was also in the outskirts and occupied by the main indigenes of the
Wasa area which they believe their presence may cause conflict in the future.
 There was no available farmland in this area, and farming is the major source of
livelihood for the people of Chika, Aleita and Pyakasa.
Other constrains experienced by the consultant during the ESIA process included;
 Difficulty in organizing meetings with community chiefs, council members, youth

representatives and women organizations. This was due to the reluctance shown
by the leaders towards the consultation.
 Unavailability of residents for meetings due to their claims of work and business
engagements during weekdays and farming during the weekends.
 The stakeholders were uncooperative towards the distribution of questionnaires
within their communities and warned against collecting samples without their
permission or supervision. This made it difficult to collect socio-economic data.
 Community stakeholders requested the presence of a representative of FCDA
before any further consultation can continue.
 Some stakeholders especially the consultation translators were unhelpful as they
failed to translate properly but rather portrayed a negative overview of the project
Further consultations were carried with a spokesperson of the Federal Capital Territory
Development Authority. Wasa community has been developed in the past as a resettlement
area for the Aleita and Chyka due to planned development by the FCTA. However the
Wasa area lacked basic amenities such as access roads, electricity and water. These
amenities have still not been provided till date due to the issues on budgetary allocation to
the planned resettlement area since 2005. For Pyakasa community, the FCDA
spokesperson acknowledged that the community was not included in the compensation
budget carried-out in 2005, the reason attributed to their large number of population.
The Authority also informed on the issues with compensation for the farmland
entitlement. They stated that compensation was made for farm produce but not land as is
stipulated in Nigerian Land act. However, buildings and houses were compensated with
replacement of houses and buildings at the Wasa resettlement area.
xvi
The FCTA also stated their willingness to work with ATV and suggested that ATV could
key into their already existing and partly implemented RAP either by taking up some of
the development designs and erecting structures or infrastructures.
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the ESIA carried out, the Consultant recommends the following:
 That the project design for the ATV project integrates the three project
communities, Aleita, Chika and Pyakassa into the realization of the project. This
could eliminate or reduce the negative impacts associated with the ATV initiative.
 Redesigning the scope of work for the project design in a manner that the already
inhabited project area will not be affected during or after the civil works.
 Reassessment of the compensation plans for the lands that were acquired in 2006
during the implementation of the enumeration and compensation done for the
ATV project.
 Acquire more land in an uninhabited area adequate for the development of the
recreation hub allocated for Aleita and Chika, and the biotechnology farm allocated
for Pyakassa communities.
xvii
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has received a Specific Investment Loan (SIL)
from the World Bank (WB) through the Growth and Employment (GEM) initiative for
the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment in Nigeria. The major thrust of the GEM
initiative is to contribute to the FGN; strategy for poverty reduction by improving the
welfare and living conditions of poor and vulnerable communities in selected states (Lagos,
Kano, Kaduna, Cross River states and F.C.T., Abuja) in Nigeria. GEM is designed and
envisaged to strengthen the Medium Small and Micro Enterprises schemes in all the
selected states, thereby, increasing opportunities in self-employment, poverty reduction
and growth. Some of the identified sectors for the GEM intervention are in:
i. ICT,
ii. Hospitality (Hotels & Restaurants),
iii. Entertainment,
iv. Wholesale/Retail,
v. Construction and
vi. Meat and Leather industries.
The Project Development Objective (PDO) of GEM is to increase growth and

employment in the participating states.
The GEM project consist of 3 components:
Component 1: Improved Investment Climate

Subcomponent 1A Reduced cost and Transparent Serviced land availability
Subcomponent 1B Investment Promotion & Facilitation
Subcomponent 1C Flexible Facility including Peer Learning
Component 2: Increase Competitiveness of Strategic Clusters

Subcomponent 2A Information Communication and Technology (ICT)
Subcomponent 2B Entertainment
Subcomponent 2C Wholesale and Retail Trade
Subcomponent 2D Construction and Real Estate
Subcomponent 2E Hospitality
Subcomponent 2F Meat and Leather
Subcomponent 2G Flexible Funding Mechanism
Component 3: Project Management, Monitoring, Evaluation and Communication
The PDO will be addressed by improving the Investment Climate (Component A, funded
directly by DFID) and by strengthening industry competitiveness and job creation in
1
selected states (Component B, funded in part by IDA), and by leveraging impact beyond
immediate stakeholders and target areas (Component C, funded by IDA).
Various documents have been prepared in line with the GEM Project, and they include, a
Project Appraisal Document (PAD), an Environmental and Social Management
Framework (ESMF), a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) an Integrated Pest
Management Plan (IPMP) and an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) which is
specific for the development of the Abuja Technology Village. GEM is presently
pioneering the implementation of ICT, and wholesale/retail, interventions in the Federal
Capital Territory, Abuja. Consequently GEM seeks to undertake funding for the Abuja
Technology Village (ATV), a development that will support private investment with
information, skills, technology, group organization, and business opportunities. This
report focuses on the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the proposed
Abuja Technology Village, which will span across 3 settlements in Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.
The Abuja Technology Village is conceived as a Technology Park that will provide an
enabling environment for the location of technology businesses. It will be a Free Trade
Zone (FTZ) and as such, offer a number of trade and commercial incentives to both start-
up enterprises and blue chip multi-nationals. The ATV development will create a series of
districts or ‘clusters’ each with its own distinct character although developed as part of a
systematic and holistic conceptual approach. It follows the global vision of using
technology clusters as a reliable tool for bolstering economic development; given Nigeria's
emerging prominence in the global economy. It is intended that the project site of the
Abuja Technology Village (ATV) will be located along the Umaru Musa Yar’adua
Expressway. The ATV will cover approximately 702 hectares of land.
The project site falls within the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), which is the local
government administration that houses several districts. It is bordered to the north by the
Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology, to the south by Lugbe satellite
settlement District, to the west by the Umaru Musa Yar’adua Expressway and to the
southeast by Pyakassa. Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa are the major satellite settlements likely
to be affected by the project. These settlements are a heritage of the Gbagyis’ who are the
most predominant native ethnic group in Abuja. The major occupations among the people
from Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa are farming, petty trade, civil service and
entrepreneurship. Three Fulani settlements exist within the project areas.
The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) is already investing in critical infrastructure

such as roads within the project area, and is hoping that such investment in infrastructure
will provide the requisite signals to attract Private Sector participation in the development
of the ATV project. ATV will attract top-flight companies using a package of incentives
that will be layered and tiered according to the quality of the investment that they bring.
Additionally, smaller businesses will benefit from an incentives package, which will make
ATV a preferable option when compared to others. The amenities to be made available
from the development include: Infrastructures, Business (office spaces and opportunities),
2
Warehousing (for Logistics and Supply Chain Support and Cafeteria Services), Living
space for Residential Estates developed on site, and Leisure space.
This ESIA study will therefore, aim to identify potential and significant adverse
environmental and social impacts and to propose means of mitigating them to acceptable
levels. The ESIA will also consider the capacity of existing institutions to manage the
predicted environmental and social issues and implement an Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP) for this purpose. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
has been previously carried out for the ATV project funded by the Federal Government
through the Federal Capital Development Agency (FCDA), Abuja. This yielded the
commencement of the delivery of the Phase 1 Primary Engineering Infrastructure. This
ESIA study will also upgrade the previous EIA carried out for the ATV development.
This ESIA is prepared in compliance to the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN)

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Law, and the Federal Ministry of Environment
Guidelines. It is also compliant to the Environmental and Social safeguards Policies of the
World Bank. The World Bank has various instruments for addressing the environmental
and social impacts of projects. The development of the ATV project initiative will trigger
some of the World Bank Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment (OP
4.01); Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11); Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12); Natural
Habitats (OP 4.04) and Pest Management (OP 4.09).
The donor agency has requested for the preparation of an Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment (ESIA).
A Consultant has been engaged to carry out this ESIA study.
1.2 Aim of the ESIA
The aim of the study is to assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the
proposed Abuja Technology Village (ATV) development, and prepare an Environmental
and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) that includes a detailed Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP), which will include necessary mitigation measures. The ESIA
will establish modalities of implementing the rehabilitation works in line with the Nigeria
Environmental policies and laws and the World Bank Safeguard policies.
1.3 Objectives of the ESIA
The specific objectives of the proposed studies are:
 To conduct an Environmental and Social Assessment of the planned and

completed developments in order to identify and assess their potential
environmental and social impacts;
 To carry out consultations with relevant stakeholders, including potential
project- affected persons, to obtain their views and suggestions regarding the
environmental and social impacts of the proposed development of the Abuja
3
Technology Village (ATV) project. The outcome of the consultations will be

reflected in this ESIA report will be incorporated into the project design as
appropriate;
 To prepare and cost an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
detailing mitigation measures as well as institutional roles and responsibilities in
the operationalization of the ESMP;
 Appraise the project activities and determine any potential negative and positive
impact on the environment;
 Identify sensitive components of the existing environment within the project
area and environs;
 Establish the existing state of the environment and identify sensitive
components of the existing environment within the project area and area of
potential project influence;
 Assist project design and planning by identifying those aspects of location,
construction and operations, which may cause adverse environmental, social,
health and economic effects;
 Recommend measures during construction, commissioning and operation to
avoid and mitigate identified adverse impacts and also enhance beneficial
impacts;
 Identify existing and expected environmental regulations that will affect the
development and advise on standards and targets;
 Identify any future environmental issues and concerns which may affect the
development;
 Recommend an environmental management program for the rehabilitation of
the scheme including compliance, monitoring, auditing and contingency
planning; Provide the basis for co-operation and consultation with regulatory
and non- regulatory authorities and the public.
1.4 Scope of the Study
The study will be divided into four major parts to ensure adequate coverage and ease of
potential impact evaluations:
1. Legal and Administrative framework
2. Project and process description
3. State of the environment and
4. Socio-economic issues.
This is to reduce complexity of the proposed project and ensure a comprehensive study.
1.5 Implementation Modalities
The Federal Government of Nigeria will be implementing the credits provided by the
World Bank through GEM project office domiciled in the Federal Ministry of Trade and
Investment (FMTI). Overall project coordination will be housed by GEM, which hosts
4
the Project Management Unit (PMU). The PMU (GEM) will be in charge of the daily
coordination, supervision and implementation of the projects components.
1.6 Technical Approach and Methodology
The methodology used in the conduct of the Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment (ESIA) for the project is based on guidelines as proposed by the following:
 Federal Government of Nigeria EIA Law and subsequent Federal Ministry of
Environment standard procedures for conducting EIA/ESIA in Nigeria
 Guidelines documented under the World Bank Environmental Assessment
Operation Policies OP 4.01.
Both guidelines advises that Environmental and Social Impact Assessment studies are
essential to examine the potential environmental and social impacts (benefits and adverse)
associated with the developmental works for the Abuja Technology Village and or
investment lending operations. The ESIA is also an essential tool in integrating
environmental and social concerns into the development process.
Initial consultations and meeting were conducted between the GEM and the Consultant
to facilitate processes critical to the ESIA implementation. Consultations were also carried
out with the staff of the Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company domiciled in
NEPZA Headquarters, Abuja and the Consultant developing the Resettlement Action
Plan (RAP) for the ATV project.
Literature review was carried out on the following:
 Project Appraisal Document for GEM

 The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)
 Ground Investigation (Section One) Geophysical Survey of the Abuja Technology
Village
 Environmental Impact Assessment for the Abuja Technology Village
 The ATV project engineering and feasibility design studies
The Consultant considered stakeholder engagement as a very important and critical

exercise in the realization of this ESIA report. Several steps were made towards the
stakeholder engagement exercises in the 3 project areas. However, the entire process was
not productive due to resistance experienced from the members of the community in
terms of obtaining baseline information. Nevertheless initial steps were taken by the
Consultant to enlighten the members of Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa on the purpose of the
ESIA and the need to integrate their opinion and concerns. The major crux with the
resistance experienced with the members of the community especially when it came to
need for obtaining basic socio-economic data was when they were informed that the
project intends to relocate them to another settlement area known as Wasa. They expressed
disapproval with this initiative and stated that the infrastructure in Wasa were not up to
5
par with their current living standard. They also expressed concerns about the possibility
of them losing cultural heritage (e.g. land, graves and shrines) and sources of livelihood
whilst relocating. More on the consultation process and constraints experienced are
documented in chapter 8 of this report.
1.6.1 Data Collection, Sampling and Field Methods

Several field visits were made to the ATV Free Zone office to obtain data on previous
studies and the engineering designs for the proposed development. Visits were also made
to the project area. Attempts were made to conduct interview with members of Chika,
Aleita and Pyakassa communities of socio-economic assessments. Baseline studies were
successfully carried out on soil and water studies in and around the project area.
1.7 Brief Description of Abuja
Abuja is the capital city of Nigeria with a landmass area of approximately 8,000 km2
(FCDA, 1990) and a population of approximately 1,406,239 (based on 2006 census). The
city is continuously expanding and has become a choice location to live in due to the rapid
development in infrastructure and commerce. Due to the immense growth of the city there
have been an emergence of satellite town and smaller settlements. Abuja is developing in
Phases and there are 3 phases under development.
6
Figure 1.0 Project location map
7
1.8 The Federal Ministry of Environment ESIA Process
Figure 1.1 outlines activities to be carried out during the entire lifespan of the ESIA process as
stipulated by the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv).
Flow Chart of the FMENV EIA Procedure
PROPONENT
FEASIBILITY STUDY OR PROJECT PROPOSAL
FMENV EIA SECRETARIAT
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION
MANDATORY OTHERS CLASSIFIED PROJECTS EXCLUDED

PROJECT PROJECT
PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT
SCREENING
SCOPING
NO EIA REQUIRED
DRAFT REPORT
PUBLIC HEARING REVIEW PANEL MEDIATION
REVIEW REPORT
PROPONENT
FINAL EIA REPORT
Not approved TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

(Decision making committee)
Approved
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) AND CERTIFICATION
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MONITORING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
COMMISSIONING
AUDIT
(EIA Procedural Guidelines, 1995)
Figure 1.1 Flowchart of the FMEnv EIA Process
8
1.8.1 The FCT Ministry of Environment EIA Process
The EIA Process for the Ministry of Environment is outline in figure 1.2.
Project Proposal
Registration
Screening
Scoping
Draft EIA Report
Review Process
Approval
Processing and Approval
Figure 1.2: EIA Process for FCT
The ESIA Structure
The ESIA Structure and Content is highlighted below
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Legal and Administrative Framework
Chapter 3: Project and Process Description
Chapter 4: Description of the state of the environment (Project Environment and Baseline Studies)
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives
Chapter 6: Potential Impacts and Mitigation/ Enhancement Measures
Chapter 7: Environmental and Social Management Plan
Chapter 8: Public Consultation
Chapter 9: Recommendations
Annexures
9
CHAPTER TWO POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL

FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction
Most projects on a large scale will trigger some policies both on national and international level. In
Nigeria, the power to enforce all activities that might impact on the environment is vested in the
Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv.) while international; agencies such as the World Bank,
AfDB and other financial organizations have environmental criteria which must be obliged before the
agencies invest in the project.
This chapter therefore seeks to identify the most pertinent policies and legislation governing the
environment and social impacts in relation to the project both on national and international scale.
2.2 National Policy on Environment
Environmental consciousness and awareness regarding the adverse effects of development projects
resulted in the articulation of a national framework for environmental protection and national
resources conservation. Decree No. 58 of 1988, as amended by Decree No. 59 of 1992, established
the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) as the main government structure for
environmental matters in the country. The FEPA put in place the 1989 National Policy on the
Environment, revised in 1995, with sustainable development as its goal.
The National Policy on the Environment aims to achieve sustainable development in Nigeria, and in
particular to:
 Secure a quality of environment adequate for good health and well-being;
 Conserve and use the environment and natural resources for the benefit of present and future
generations
 Restore, maintain and enhance the ecosystem and ecological processes essential for the
functioning of the biosphere to preserve biological diversity, and the principle of optimum
sustainable yield in the use of living natural resources and ecosystems;
 Raise public awareness and public understanding between the environment and development
and encourage individual and community participation in environmental improvement efforts;
and,
 Cooperate in good faith with other countries, international organizations and agencies to
achieve optimum use of trans-boundary natural resources and the prevention or abatement of
trans-boundary environmental degradation.
2.2.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment
In 1999, the Federal Ministry of Environment was created FEPA (Amended Decree No. 59 of 1992)
was absorbed into the Ministry. The Ministry of Environment thus became the highest policy making
10
body responsible for addressing environmental issues in Nigeria. The act establishing the Ministry
places on it the responsibility of ensuring that all development and industry activity, operations and
emissions are within the limits prescribed in the National Guidelines and Standards, and comply with
relevant regulations for environmental pollution management in Nigeria as may be released by the
Ministry. To fulfill this mandate, the main instruments in ensuring that environmental and social issues
are mainstreamed into development projects is the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act No.
86 of 1992. With this Act, the FMENV prohibits public and private sectors from embarking on major
prospects or activities without due consideration, at early stages, of environmental and social impacts.
The act makes an EIA mandatory for any development project, and prescribes the procedures for
conducting and reporting EIA studies.
The responsibilities of the ministry include:
 Monitoring and enforcing environmental protection measures;

 Enforcing international laws, conventions, protocols and treaties on the environment
 Prescribing standards for and making regulations on air quality, water quality, pollution and
effluent limitations, atmosphere and ozone protection, control of toxic and hazardous
substances
 Promoting cooperation with similar bodies in other countries and international agencies
connected with environmental protection.
It is worthy to note that before commencement of an EIA, the FMENV issues a letter of intent on
notification by the proponent, approve the terms of reference, ensure public participation, review
and mediate. The possible technical activities expected for a proposed project include screening, full
or partial EIA Study, Review, Decision-making, Monitoring Auditing and
Decommissioning/Remediation post-closure
2.2.1.1 National Legal Instrument on the Environment
Environmental Impact Assessment Act No. 86, 1992 (FMEnv)

This Act provides the guidelines for activities of development projects for which EIA is mandatory
in Nigeria. The Act also stipulates the minimum content of an EIA and is intended to inform and
assist proponents in conducting EIA studies as well as a schedule of projects, which require mandatory
EIAs. The EIA Decree No. 86 of 1992 lists drainage and irrigation as a Mandatory Study Activity,
thus prescribing that an EIA is to be carried out for irrigation projects.
According to these guidelines:
 Category I projects will require a full Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).
 Category II projects may require only a partial EIA, which will focus on mitigation and
Environmental planning measures, unless the project is located near an environmentally
sensitive area--in which case a full EIA is required.
11
 Category III projects are considered to have “essentially beneficial impacts” on the
environment, for which the Federal Ministry of the Environment will prepare an
Environmental Impact Statement.
This project falls under category II.
Other Existing National Environmental Instruments
 National Environmental Protection Regulations (Effluent Limitation): the regulation
makes it mandatory for industrial facilities to install anti-pollution equipment, make provision
for effluent treatment and prescribes the maximum limit of effluent parameters allowed.
 The National Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in
Nigeria (1991): provide regulations and guidelines for management of pollution control
measures.
 National Protection (Pollution and Abatement in Industries in Facilities Producing
Waste) Regulations (1991): imposes restrictions on the release of toxic substances and
stipulates requirements for monitoring of pollution. It also makes it mandatory for existing
industries and facilities to conduct periodic environmental audit.
 Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Regulations (1991): regulates the
collections, treatment and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes from municipal and
industrial sources.
 National Guidelines on Environmental Management Systems (1999)
 National Guidelines for Environmental Audit
 National Air Quality Standard Decree No. 59 of 1991
 National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency Act 2007
(NESREA Act)
 Workmen Compensation Act 1987 Occupational health and safety
 Urban and Regional Planning Decree No 88 1992
2.2.2 Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment

The ministry plays a decisive role in the diversification of the resource base of the economy by
promoting trade and investment with special emphasis on increased production and export of non-
oil and gas products that will lead to wealth and job creation, poverty reduction, supervise the FEC
Trade Zones and ensure enhanced service deliver on a manner that will aid growth of the Nigerian
economy.
 National Urban Development Policy (NUDP National Urban Development Policy
(NUDP) is to promote a dynamic system of urban settlements, which fosters sustainable
economic growth, promotes efficient urban and regional planning and development, as well
as ensures improved standard of living and well-being of Nigerians’
12
2.2.3 Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development ensures that the citizenry are provided
with credible and timely information on government activities, programs and initiatives; while creating
an enabling technological environment for socio-economic development of the nation.
 Water Resources Act 1993, No.101: This act promotes the optimum planning, development
and use of Nigeria’s water resources and other matters connected therewith. The right to the
use and control of all surface and groundwater and of any watercourse affecting more than
one State as described in the Schedule to this Act, together with the bed and banks thereof,
are by virtue of this Act and without further assurance vested in the Government of the
Federation State Environmental
 Quarries Act 350 Laws of Federation of Nigeria of 1990: The act provides for and regulates
quarrying activities in Nigeria. It prohibits unauthorized quarrying activities for industrial use
and diversion of watercourse or impounding of water for that purpose. The Act gives the
Minister for Mines and Power the power to make regulations for prevention of pollution of
natural water supply.
2.3 State Policy/ Legislation
Amended Decree No. 59 of 1992, which established FEPA, also issued a federal directive to the states
to establish State Environmental Protection Authorities or Agencies
The functions of State Environmental Protection Authorities include:
 Protection of air, water, land, forest and wildlife within the states;
 Preservation, conservation and restoration to pre-impact status of all ecological processes
essential to the preservation of biological diversity;
 Enforcement of all environmental legislations and policies;
 Coordination and supervision of environmental assessment studies;
 Minimization of impacts of physical development on the ecosystem;
 Pollution control and environmental health in the states
 Co-operation with FMEnv and other agencies to achieve effective prevention of
abatement of trans-boundary movement of waste.
2.3.1 Abuja Environmental Protection Board (AEPB)

AEPB was established under AEPB Decree No. 10 of 1997 and serves as the regulatory authority
charged with the responsibility for the protection and management of the environment. The following
are the specific functions but are not limited to:
• Minimizing the impacts of physical development of the ecosystem
• Preserving, conserving and restoration to pre impact status of all ecological processes
essential for the preservation of biological diversity.
13
• Enforcement of all environmental legislations and abatement of all forms of environmental

degradation and nuisance.
• Protection and improvement in air, water, land, forest, and wildlife in the ecology of the
federal capital territory.
• Municipal liquid and solid waste collection and disposal/sanitation management services
including connection of plot to the central sewer line.
• Pollution control and environmental health fumigation and vector control services.
2.3.2 Nigeria Export Processing Zones Act (CAP N107 LFN 2004)
The institutional framework that governs the establishment of ATV falls under the jurisdiction of
Nigeria Export Processing Zones Authority.
“In exercise of the power conferred upon it by section 27 of the Nigeria Export Processing Zones
Act, CAP N107 LFN 2004 and of all other power enabling it in that behalf, Nigeria Export Processing
Zones Authority with the approval of the Honourable Minister of Trade and Investments”.
The objectives of these regulations will apply to the Abuja Technology Village
• Complement and enhance the provisions of the Nigeria Export Processing Zones Act, 2004
• Provide details of regulatory and supervisory requirements necessary to promote efficient and
profitable operations in Nigeria’s Free Trade Zones
• Facilitate the attainment of goals for which Free Trade Zones are established in Nigeria.
• These regulations shall take precedence over the Investment Procedures, Regulations and
Operational Guidelines for free zones in Nigeria, 2004
• The Authority (Nigeria Export Processing Zone Authority) has delegated Abuja Technology
Village Free Zone Company (“the Zone Manager”) the responsibility to develop, manage,
operate and administer the area of the zone.
2.3.3 Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company

Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company: below are the few institutional regulations
• Approved Enterprises within the Zone shall be entitled to incentives and concessions such as
free taxes, levies duties and foreign exchange regulations
• Goods manufactured or produced in the Zone shall be imported into the customs territory
irrespective of whether the goods are prohibited or not
• The Zone Manager shall have power to take over goods abandoned in the Zone and dispose
of them as it deems fit.
• A person shall not enter, remain in or reside in the Zone without the prior permission of the
Zone Manager.
• Retail trade in the Zone shall only be conducted with the prior approval of the Zone Manager
2.4 Other Acts and Legislations
Land Use Act of 1978
14
The land-use Act of 1978 states that “…It is also in the public interest that the rights of all Nigerians
to use and enjoy land in Nigeria and the natural fruits thereof in sufficient quality to enable them to
provide for the sustenance of themselves and their families should be assured, protected and
preserved’. This implies that acts that could result in the pollution of the land, air, and waters of Nigeria
negates this decree, and is therefore unacceptable.
Furthermore, the Land Use Act of 1978 (modified in 1990) remains the primary legal means to acquire
land in the country. The Act vests all land comprised in the territory of each state of the Federation
in the Governor of the state and requires that such land shall be held in trust and administered for the
use and common benefit of all Nigerians in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
According to the Act, administration of land area is divided into urban land, which will be directly
under the control and management of the Governor of each State; and non-urban land, which will be
under the control and management of the Local Government. State Governors are given the right to
grant statutory rights of occupancy to any person or any purpose; and the Local Government will
have the right to grant customary rights of occupancy to any person or organization for agricultural,
residential and other purposes.
Land Use in FCT
The Land Use Act of 1978 is the principal law guiding land acquisition, resettlement, allocation and
development in the federal capital territory. The Act provides for the Government to hold land in
trust for the use and common benefit of all Nigerians, for the realization of equity, fairness and justice
in the control and management of land, resettlement and compensation purposes. In addition the
FCT Act of 1976 vest the entire landmass of the FCT absolutely in the Government of the Federation.
It also established the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA), and charged this body with
the role of planning and development of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).
Prior to the year 2003 there were massive irregularities and double allocation of land owing to manual
method of land records and allocation. However, in the year 2003 the Government of the Federation
took the bold decision to embark on complete computerization of the cadastral and land registry of
the FCT, which has installed development control to the master plan in the FCT.
Others
 Water Resources Decree 1993
 Criminal Code:
 Land Planning Act (cap.303)
 The Waterworks Act 1917
 Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Development Act, 1990
 Penal Code Act (cap.63)
 Wildlife Conservation and Management Act, Cap376
 Occupational, Health and safety Act (OSHA), 2007
15
 Public Health Act (Cap. 242)

 Environmental Impact Assessment Act 1996
 Environmental Vibration Pollution (Control) Regulations, 2006. etc.
2.5 International Policy
2.5.1 World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguards
The World Bank has in place a number of operational and safeguards policies, which aim to prevent
and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in any development initiative involving the
Bank. The Nigerian EIA Act and the World Bank safeguard policies are similar; designed to help
ensure that projects proposed for Bank financing are environmentally and socially sustainable, and
thus improve decision-making.
The Bank has twelve safeguards policies and these are:
Environmental:
 OP 4.00 Use of Country Systems

 OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment;
 OP 4.04 Natural Habitats;
 OP 4.36 Forests;
 OP 4.09 Pest Management;
 OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources
 OP 4.37 Safety of Dams;
Social:
 OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement;
 OP 4.10 Indigenous People;
Legal:
 OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways;
 OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas
Others:
 Access to Information Policy
 Piloting the Use of Borrower Systems
The triggered safeguard policies for this project are discussed below.
Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)

Environmental Assessment is used in the World Bank to identify, avoid, and mitigate the potential
negative environmental and social impacts associated with Bank’s lending operations early on in the
project cycle. In World Bank operations, the purpose of Environmental Assessment is to improve
16
decision making, to ensure that project options under consideration are sound and sustainable, and
that potentially affected people have been properly consulted and their concerns addressed. This
policy is triggered if a project is likely to have potential adverse environmental and social risks and
impacts in its area of influence. The EA has various tools that can be used, including amongst others
Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) or Environmental and Social Management Plan
(ESMP).
Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12)

This policy can be triggered if the project will involve involuntary taking of land and involuntary
restrictions of access to property, protected areas, etc. The policy aims to avoid involuntary
resettlement to the extent feasible, or to minimize and mitigate its adverse social and economic
impacts. It promotes participation of displaced people in resettlement planning and implementation.
The main objective of this policy is to assist displaced persons in their efforts to improve or at least
restore their incomes and standards of living after displacement. The policy prescribes compensation
and other resettlement measures to achieve its objectives and requires that borrowers prepare adequate
resettlement planning instruments prior to Bank appraisal of proposed projects.
During the course of implementing the ATV developmental project, it is intended that the
communities (Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa) will be relocated to another community known as Wasa. A
resettlement action plan is being developed for the ATV project.
Physical and Cultural Resources (OP 4.11)

This policy is to assist countries to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts of development projects on
physical cultural resources. For purposes of this policy, “physical cultural resources” are defined as
movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, natural features and landscapes
that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural
significance. Physical cultural resources may be located in urban or rural settings, and may be above
ground, underground, or underwater. The cultural interest may be at the local, provincial or national
level, or within the international community.
Typical with most people in Nigeria, people are in tuned with their cultural heritage and express
apprehension whenever they experience any form of relocation. During consultation members of the
communities expressed apprehension towards the project.
Pest Management (OP 4.09)

This policy is to (i) promote the use of biological or environmental control and reduce reliance on
synthetic chemical pesticides; and (ii) strengthen the capacity of the country’s regulatory framework
and institutions to promote and support safe, effective and environmentally sound pest management.
More specifically, the policy aims to (a) Ascertain that pest management activities in Bank-financed
operations are based on integrated approaches and seek to reduce reliance on synthetic chemical
pesticides (Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in agricultural projects and Integrated Vector
Management (IVM) in public health projects. (b) Ensure that health and environmental hazards
17
associated with pest management, especially the use of pesticides are minimized and can be properly
managed by the user. (c) As necessary, support policy reform and institutional capacity development
to (i) enhance implementation of IPM-based pest management and (ii) regulate and monitor the
distribution and use of pesticides.
Natural Habitats (OP 4.04)

Any project or sub-project with the potential to cause significant conversion (loss) or degradation of
natural habitats, whether directly (through construction) or indirectly (through human activities
induced by the project).
A large cashew plantation is found between cluster 3 and 4 of the project area. This is a source of
economic revenue for the people. During the developmental process, the cashew plantation will be
removed, as an intended development will pass through the area.
2.6 Nigeria EIA Guidelines and World Bank EA Guidelines
The Environmental Impact Assessment Act No. 86 of 1992 requires that development projects be
screened for their potential impact. Based on the screening, a full, partial, or no Environmental impact
assessment may be required. Guidelines issued in 1995 direct the screening process.
According to these guidelines the Nigeria EIA Categories include:
 Category I projects will require a full Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for projects
under this category EIA is mandatory according to Decree No. 86. Projects includes large-
scale activities such as agriculture (500 hectares or more), airport (2500m or longer airstrip),
land reclamation (50 hectares or more), fisheries (land based aquaculture of 50 hectares or
more), forestry (50 hectares or more conversion, etc.
 Category II projects may require only a partial EIA, which will focus on mitigation and
Environmental planning measures, unless the project is located near an environmentally
sensitive area--in which case a full EIA is required.
 Category III projects are considered to have “essentially beneficial impacts” on the
environment, for which the Federal Ministry of the Environment will prepare an
Environmental Impact Statement.
With regard to environmental assessment, the Bank has also categorized projects based on the type
of EA required, namely:
 Category A - projects are those whose impacts are sensitive, diverse, unprecedented, felt
beyond the immediate project environment and are potentially irreversible over the long
term. Such projects require full EA.
 Category B - projects involve site specific and immediate project environment interactions,
do not significantly affect human populations, do not significantly alter natural systems and
resources, do not consume much natural resources (e.g., ground water) and have adverse
impacts that are not sensitive, diverse, unprecedented and are mostly reversible. Category B
projects will require partial EA, and environmental and social action plans. The ATV
18
project was categorized as Category B.

 Category C - Projects are mostly benign and are likely to have minimal or no adverse
environmental impacts. Beyond screening, no further EA action is required for a Category
C project, although some may require environmental and social action plans.
 Category FI - A proposed project is classified as Category FI if it involves investment
of Bank funds through a financial intermediary, in subprojects that may result in adverse
environmental impacts.
This World Bank categorization (A, B, & C) corresponds in principle with the Nigeria EIA
requirements of Category I, II and III, which in actual practice is done with regard to the level of
impacts associated with a given project. However, in the event of divergence between the two, the
World Bank safeguard policy shall take precedence over Nigeria EA laws, guidelines and or standards.
Thus for this ESIA, the Nigeria’s EIA requirements and World Bank operational procedures were
harmonized as far as possible, hence it is made responsive to the objectives of good practice. It is
especially made responsive with regard to the followings:
 Consideration of environmental and social issues;

 Identification and early consultation with stakeholders;
 Prevention of adverse impacts through the consideration of feasible alternatives; and
 Incorporation of mitigation measures into planning and (engineering) design.
2.7 Other Applicable International Conventions, Treaties and Agreements
Nigeria is signatory to some international agreements and Protocols concerning the environment,
notably:
 Convention on Biodiversity
 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992)
 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
 Montreal Protocol on Substances Depleting the Ozone Layer
 Basel Convention on the Trans-boundary Movement of Hazardous Substances
 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITIES).
19
CHAPTER THREE PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Location and Concept
The Abuja Technology Village is situated along the Umar Musa Yar’adua Expressway (Airport Road)
near Lugbe satellite settlement in the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) of the Federal Capital
Territory. The airport road bound the site to the West, African Institute of Science and Technology
(AIST) to the north, Pykassa village to the east and Lugbe satellite settlement to the north. Sited on
702.682 hectares, a few minutes’ drive from the Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport.
ATV will deploy superior infrastructure to create an environment that eases the sharing of knowledge
by enhancing interpersonal interactions through clusters. Other institutions expected to take root on
site will also provide a research backbone resource that will be of use to companies located on ATV.
ATV will attract top-flight companies using a package of incentives that will be layered and tiered
according to the quality of the investment that they bring. Additionally, smaller businesses will benefit
from an incentives package that makes ATV preferable to their other options.
3.2 The ATV Master Plan
The development as conceived by Buro Happold (the feasibility studies and engineering design consulting firm)
will be in phases and based on emerging priorities. However, it is envisaged that 4 sector clusters will
be formed targeting:
- Information and Communications Technology
- Biotechnology
- Media Technology
- Multimedia Services
- Medical Technology
- Business Process Outsourcing
- Education and Skills
20
Figure 3.0 General Layout of the proposed ATV site in the order of arrangement of the cluster
21
3.2.1 Intended Works Summary

Major works will include: roads networks, electricity, water, drainages, telecommunications
etc.
3.3 Materials Input and Output
The project will involve large infrastructural works, which will result in some level of earth
movement, removal of vegetation and optimization of natural resource within the area
such as igneous rock, granite, etc. Consequently, the following are expected to be the main
raw materials input on the site;
• Concrete material Components, (Cement, Sand, Stones, granite etc.)
• Metal Claddings
• Glass
• Timber
• Bitumen
• Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) sheeting
• Asphalt
• Wood
• Electrical Materials, Cables etc.
3.4 Technological Layout
Development will be in phases and based on emerging priorities. However it is envisaged

that sector clusters will be formed targeting:
- Information and Communications Technology
- Biotechnology
- Media Technology
- Multimedia Services
- Medical Technology
- Business Process Outsourcing
- Education and Skills
3.4.1 Infrastructure
- Uninterrupted Power
- High Quality Roads and Boulevards
- Security Patrols
- Telecommunications and Broadband Internet services
- Regular, Treated Water
- Smart Buildings and Strict Quality building codes
- Landscaped surroundings and gardening services
22
3.4.2 Business
- Incubator office Suites
- Temporary Office Space
- Large Floor Space Office Buildings
- Empty leased Plots for Direct Construction (industrial, specialized and anchor
tenants)
- Warehousing, - Logistics and supply chain support
- Cafeteria Services
3.4.3 Living
- Residential Estates developed on site, providing a mix of housing types and
services levels
- Child care facilities
- Primary and Secondary Schooling
- Parks and Gardens
3.4.4 Leisure
- Golf driving range
- Hotels, - Shopping Centres
- Restaurants, Bars and Cafes
- Sports Grounds and Fitness Facilities
- Clubhouse, - Nightclub
- Cultural Centre and Theatre
- Exhibition and Convention Centre
- Cinema
3.5 Production Process
The Abuja Technology Village is not strictly a manufacturing zone but a Real Estate
platform that seeks to locate a mix of multinational companies, indigenous companies
and small and medium scale enterprises (SMES) that will generate ideas which will
create consumable products offsite. It will constitute a creative mesh of Research and
development initiatives that contribute to the Nigerian economy through ICT
and related knowledge based activities.
3.6 Project Implementation Schedule
The Abuja Technology Village project shall be implemented in phases as follows:

3.6.1 Phase 1: (Year 2007-2010)
This will involve development of the Civil Works Infrastructure of the ATV that
conforms to International Standards. In addition, the business development area,
residential area and lifestyle support infrastructure. The business development area will
23
include facilities such as the; Innovation Hub; Incubator Centre; Large Corporate
Buildings; Mid-tier Corporate Buildings and a Conference/Convention Centre. The
residential area will include various types of accommodation and the supporting
lifestyle services.
3.6.2 Phase 2: (Year 2011-2020)
At this phase, the development of the independent clusters for each

technology focus area is expected to commence. The primary cluster is expected to
act as the catalyst for this phase. It will involve setting up additional business
development areas, residential areas and small to medium lifestyle support
infrastructure for each secondary cluster.
3.6.3 Phase 3: (2021-2026)
This phase is a consolidation phase. This stage may lead expansions based on the
needs of the time and also newer technologies.
3.7 Project Justification
It is the policy of ATV Free Zone Company to conduct its activities in such a way that
ensures proper regard is paid to the protection and conservation of the environment. In
implementing this policy, ATV Free Zone Company not only complies with the
requirements of the relevant legislation but also promotes appropriate measures for the
protection of the environment. ATV Free Zone Company prefers the concept of
prevention to that of remediation and strongly supports sound environmental protection
practices. In following this Policy, it is intended that the proposed
ATV will be designed and operated to pay appropriate regard to the environment by acting
to preserve air, water, soil, plant and animal life quality from adverse environmental and
social impacts. ATV encourages and support research or studies aimed at achieving
realistic environmental standards and improving current methods of environmental
management. For the ATV, Environmental protection has been taken into account at the
earliest planning phase, hence the understanding that such an intended large-scale
development would need and ESIA.
3.8 Major Features and Installations
3.8.1 Roads
Access roads leading to and within the Abuja Technology village shall be constructed. Its
length will be about 53km consisting of two lanes each, separated by a road pavement. To
account for proper drainage within the area, side drains shall be constructed on the verge
of both sides of the roads. They will be made of concrete about 0.5m wide and 0.8m deep.
The side drains will be covered with evenly spaced concrete slabs to ensure the safety of
humans /vehicles. They will be made to terminate at the nearest watercourse within the
24
area. Construction will be carried out to meet the topographical demand and according to
the specified plan (design).
3.8.2 Water Strategy

The proposed water resource management strategy for the Abuja Technology Village is
aimed to:
 Minimize water demand through the use of water efficient fixtures and fittings.
 Supply each demand type with an appropriate level of water quality.
 Provide onsite wastewater treatment work to recycle backwater and provide
Treated sewage.
 Effluent (TSE) to support irrigation and district cooling use.
3.8.3 Water Network Design Parameters

In general, a gravity design will be incorporated in reference to pumping, for reasons of
economy, ease of operation and reduced maintenance, taking advantage of the available
gravity head from the off-site elevated reservoirs. Booster pumping stations would only be
proposed if the available gravity pressure proves to be inadequate subject to the final
building designs.
3.8.3.1 Distribution Mains

Distribution mains shall be configured to reduce dead-ends to an absolute minimum to
prevent water quality problems. Pipeline material selection shall primarily be based on
minimizing frictional resistance minimum capital cost after taking into account criteria
such as ground conditions, the cost of bedding, installation and any protection required.
The proposed layout for the water supply network will principally form a series of ring
mains and interconnections to reduce the need for larger diameter pipe-work and enhance
hydraulic performance, security of supply and flexibility of operation, in a cost effective
manner.
A preliminary assessment of the main pipe diameters has been established as shown on
Potable and non-potable proposed infrastructure; the system shall be design to meet the
following criteria:
 At the design horizon, the available head in all parts of the system shall not fall
below 15m in the main adjacent to the customer’s stop tap under Average Day
Peak Week demand conditions.
 In order to satisfy the level of Service criteria, a distribution system design shall
provide a minimum design pressure of 20m in all parts of the system under
maximum demand conditions at the planning horizon
 The network shall be design with the objective of maintaining the pressure for
monitoring of flows and control of leakage.
 The elevation of the reservoirs currently under construction will enable efficient
gravity supply to the development.
 As normal practice, taller buildings may require their own private storage and
booster pumping facilities
25
 The transmission main will be designed to carry the load up to the ultimate build-
out of all phases of the development.
Baseline Potable and non-potable water demands have been estimated against the
occupancy assumptions and population. However, in order to accurately estimate water
demands, three usage categories were identified. The following design parameters have
been assumed for each category.
Table 3.0 Land use types for the proposed ATV development
Land Use Type Residents(litres/person/day) Staff (litres/person/day)
Residential 250 -
Commercial - 100
Technology - 40
3.8.4 Pipe line network
3.8.4.1 Portable Water Supply

The new potable water primary network will run along both the ATV and Central
Boulevard forming a series of efficient ring mains and interconnections to improve security
of supply. The secondary distribution network will serve each of the clusters connected
from the primary network
The portable water distribution mains will supply the domestic demands of the residential
areas, other institutions, commercial establishments and all industrial plants of ATV. Ring
mains and cross connections will be incorporated to improve the hydraulic balance and
efficiency of water distribution and to improve security of supplies from alternative
direction
3.8.4.2 Non-Portable Water Supply

The source of the non-potable water will be from a dedicated treated sewage effluent
(TSE). Non-portable water will be supplied from three (3) proposed membrane bio-rector
(MBR) plants, which are intended to process all the wastewater generated by the ATV.
The site-wide non-portable water lines will supply the fire hydrant industrial sectors,
landscaping and water features.
3.8.5 Fire Fighting

Provision for fire fighting will be accommodated most efficiently within the non-potable
network (in limited locations), with fire hydrants distributed in accordance with statutory
regulations and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) local fire authority having jurisdiction.
The system shall be designed to meet the following fire fighting criteria:
1. The design must be able to meet the minimum fire flow requirement of 1m3/min
(17lps) from any hydrant the pipe work shall be sized to deliver 2m3/min (33lps)
without producing negative pressures in the mains
2. Where flow is required from a group of hydrants the rate shall not be less than
1m3/min (17lps) from each hydrant with the number of hydrants operating
demanding on the size of the area and nature of risk
3. For designated high-risk area the minimum pressure shall be 5m at a flow of
1m3/min at each.
4. Hydrant (suitable for fire department pumping equipment).
26
3.8.5.1 Flow Metering

Bulk flow meters will be included at strategic points such as reservoir inlet/outlet and trunk
main branches. In addition, best practice approach for leakage management would also be
adopted by incorporating district metered areas (DMA) to enable measurement and
control of potential leakage and wastage of water.
3.8.5.2 Service Connections

The service connections will provide for each plot of the residential, institutions,
commercial establishments and industrial estates, there will two service connections for
industrial plots, one for portable and the other for non-portable connections.
The final size of service connection for the industrial plants will be calculated based on the
industrial plants will be calculated based on the actual estimated demand of the individual
building, plot or plant, but will typically be as follows:
 Residential plot – 25 mm diameter – 15mm diameter.
 Institutions and commercial establishment-50mm dia -150mm dia
 Industrial plot- 100mm dia -250 mm dia
3.8.5.3 Maintenance Practice

For efficient maintenance of standard designs and to give the opportunity for the
infrastructure to be formally adopted. The predominant gravity design of the network will
minimize the requirement for maintenance of electrical/ mechanical plant. It is also
recommended that an operating and maintenance manual be developed for the final water
network design including manufacturers’ recommended procedures for plant servicing
meter and value testing/ replacement routine cleaning/ flushing and alternative means of
providing supplies during system failures and emergencies
3.8.6 Waste Water
3.8.6.1 Wastewater layout

Wastewater from the Abuja technology village site will be collected in a dedicated water
drainage system and will be kept separate from the surface water flows. To maximize the
re-use of existing pipe work for non-portable water as installed by the Federal Capital
Development Authority (FCDA).
The existing foul water network will be supplemented by addition pipe work throughout
the new development footprint to serve the increased population as this has increased
significantly from 30,000 to 140000.
3.8.6.2 Sewage treatment

A Levy Shtark sewage treatment plant will be built and installed. It is intended that the
ATV will be divided into three (3) -wastewater catchment areas; the area will have its own
dedicated MBR plant. This will allow the treatment plant to be installed in a phased
manner, as the development is built-out
3.8.6.3 Hydraulic design criteria

1. The minimum self-cleansing velocity, at one-third of the design flow is 0.75m/s.
27
2. The roughness value (Ks) should be 1.5mm for foul water sewers.
3. Minimum pipe sizes for sewers: 150mm
4. Minimum pipe gradients
100mm dia 1:40

150mm dia 1:100
225mm dia 1:100
3.8.6.4 Key Arrangements

 Access points in the form of inspection chambers and manholes are to be
constructed at all changes in vertical and horizontal pipe alignment. The maximum
spacing between manholes is intended to be 90m; and 45m between inspection
chambers.
 All connections will be made in the direction of the flow
 Head of drains will be ventilated to atmosphere
 Pipe network are to be laid straight i.e. no curvature or bends.
 Grease separators should be installed immediately downstream of commercial
scale kitchens to reduce the quality of the grains from the foul water pipes.
Fine Screen MBR Tank

Supply chemical sodium hypochloride or Biochemical reaction using activated
citric acid for membrane cleaning sludge andCleaning
membrane Unitfiltration
Supply chemical sodium hypochloride or
citric acid for membrane cleaning
Cleaning Unit
Treated effluent is filtered by flat
sheet membranes and pumped
out from the MBR tank
Blower
Supplies air for biochemical reaction and
membrane clearing Filtered Water Pump
Treated water comes out
through filtered water pump
Figure 3.1 Schematic Representation of the ATV Wastewater Layout
3.8.7 Surface Water
3.8.7.1 Surface water layout

Similar to the wastewater drainage strategy, surface water from the ATV site will be
collected in a dedicated surface water drainage system. The Buro Happold drawing
no.C300 (in the holding of the ATV Free zone company) indicates the extent of pipework and
manholes across the proposed development. These networks will pick-up rainfall run- off
from impermeable areas: roofs, hard standings and roadways and flows will gravitate to
the natural valley lines.
The proposed drainage strategy aims to incorporate as much of the recently installed
pipework into the proposed design. This existing pipe work is based on the original Master
plan layout.
To maximize the re-use of existing pipe work, the following approach has to be taken:
28
 the proposed surface water network will be divided into similar watersheds to that
proposed by the original Master plan designer, where possible
 The existing pipe work will collect a similar upstream catchment to that of the
original Master plan.
 The existing surface water network will be supplemented by additional pipework
throughout the new development footprint to serve the new Master plan road
layout and plot distribution.
This approach will ensure that the project takes advantage of the installed pipework, its
direction of gravity flow and its current capacity.
For illustrative purposes, the existing pipe network has been divided into the following
categories to demonstrate how it has been integrated with the proposed surface water
drainage proposals. The following table quantifies the percentage re-use:
Table 3.1 Existing Pipe Categories

Existing pipe Category Length (m) % of Total Installed Pipework
Existing surface water pipework to be retained as 8,843 48%
part of the primary and secondary network
Existing surface water pipework which is available 4,882 27%
for future plot development, but not part of the
primary network
Existing pipework to be abandoned 4,329 24%
Total installed pipework 18,003
While it has been possible to retain a significant portion of the main underground drainage
network, there will be a need to adapt features at surface level i.e.:
 Existing road gullies will need to be relocated to suit the revised road widths and
cross-sectioning
 Existing manhole covers will need to be raised or lowered to suit final detailed
design road levels.
3.8.7.2 Surface Water Attenuation

Attenuation of surface water has been proposed in the drainage strategy to minimize flood
risk during abnormal storm events. This is proposed at site-wide level and at plot level. At
plot-level, developers will be required to attenuate the flow rate by 50% to reduce the peak
flow rate.
At side-wide level, attenuation ponds will be constructed along the watercourses with
restricted outlets, which will reduce the impact of storm events on downstream properties.
The weir/dam structures will also require also require spillways to ensure that floodwaters
are released in a control manner.
In addition to providing attenuation during the rainy season, the ponds will also be
designed to store water during the dry season to meet a portion of the irrigation demand.
For further detail on the ‘Flood Management Strategy’ refer to the Site Wide Sketch Master
plan report.
29
Cluster 1
Total number of Residential Units = 3,018

Total Residential Gross Floor Area of Cluster 1 = 264,255
Intensity (1) = 75 mm/hr
C = 1
15mins Duration 900 seconds
Formula Used
Flow = 2.78*1*Area
Attenuated Flow= 50% of Total Flow
Attenuated Volume= (Attenuated Flow*Duration)/1000
Table 3.2 Surface Water Attenuation

Use Type Area No of % Sub 100% Attenuated Attenuated
(sq.m) Per Unit Total Total flow Flow(I/s) Volume m3
Unit Area (I/s)
(ha)
Residential 1bed 65.00 1423 35 9.25 1928 964 868
2 bed 95.00 1113 40 10.57 2204 1102 992
413 372
3 bed 125.00 317 15 3.96 826
4 160.00 165 10 2.64 551 275 248

bed
3,018 26.43 5,510 2,755 2,479
For a traditional, piped system, the following criteria shall be applied to the design of the
surface water network:
3.8.7.3 Hydraulic Design
 Plot attenuation based on a restricted flow of 50% of the design flow.
 The surface water system should be designed not to flood any part of the site in a
1:30 year return period design storm.
 The minimum self-cleaning velocity should be 1m/s at pipe full flow.
 A maximum pipe velocity of 4m/s.
 The roughness value (ks) will be 0.6mm for surface water sewers
 The run-off coefficients to be applied are:
 Road and hardstanding area – 0.9
 Open, soft area – 0.3
 Residential plots – 0.6
3.8.7.4 Pipe Network

 Minimum pipes sizes for branches – 150mm
 Minimum Pipe size for main sewers – 300mm
 Maximum pipe size – 120mm
 Maximum pipe length/ max. manhole spacing – 90m
30
 Minimum pipe cover with granular bed and surround – 600mm

 Manhole diameter
Table 3.3 Largest Pipe Diameter and Internal Diameter of Manholes

Diameter of largest pipes in manhole (mm) Internal diameter of manholes(mm)
Less than 300mm 1200
300-700 1500
800 - 900 1800
900 - 1200 2100
Greater than 1200 2400
3.8.7.5 Peak Flow Rate

Surface Water run-off rates shall be calculated using the Rational Formula:
Q=2.78 ciA
Q is the peak run-off in litres per second
C is the run-off coefficient
I is the intensity in mm per hour.
A is the impermeable area in hectares.
3.8.7.6 Pipe sizing

The pipe size and gradients required in accommodating the discharge rates across the site
are calculated using the Colebrook white transition Equation
3.8.8 Flood management
3.8.8.1 Hydrological assessment

A hydrological assessment of the catchment was undertaken to estimate the river flows
through the site and to determine whether the built culverts have the capacity to discharge
the resultant flows
3.8.8.2 Hydrological methodology

3.8.8.3 Catchment rainfall-runoff assessment
Three tributaries of the River Yakayaka flow through the project. The catchment areas for
each tributary were calculated based on the topographic survey undertaken by Gilmor
Engineering ATVFZE. In the areas outside the coverage of the topographic survey
contour information from google terrain map were interrogated and used to extrapolate
the catchment extents. The figure opposite illustrate the catchment boundaries and their
relative size of 7.69k2, 0.79km2 and 1.78km2
Two methodologies were investigated to derive the discharge through the rivers
1. The modified rational method (MRM) and
2. The soil conservation service method (SCS)
The MRM relates peak discharge to the drainage area, rainfall intensity and the runoff
coefficient Q = (CIA)/360
Where:
Q = flow (m3/s);
C = runoff coefficient;
I = rainfall intensity (mm/hr) and
A = catchment area (hectares)
31
The rainfall of 115mm/hr was derived using a previous assessment based on metrological
data of Abuja and calculation of the time of concentration during 1 in 100 year event. The
runoff coefficient of 0.5 was based on an assumption of relative permeability of land cover-
70% cover for grassland at 0.3 and 30% cover for urban land at 0.9.
The SCS method uses a similar approach to the MRM in terms of assuming a uniform
rainfall across the catchment. However, it uses a curve number, which relates to different
soil/land cover types, soil properties and antecedent moisture conditions
3.8.9 Power
3.8.9.1 Base Load Plant

It is proposed to provide 3no base load plants that will be located along the northern
perimeter road. The load profile of the development suggests that a suitable size for the
overall base load CHP plant would be 48MWe. Therefore each plant will have an output
of 16MWe. The type of plant will be a fluidized bed boiler with associated steam turbine.
Boiler
Turbine/Flue Gas Treatment
120m
Generator
80m
Access
Substation
Access
Sludge Treatment/Biomass Day Store 60m
Battery Storage
Fig xx Base Load Plant – Block Layout of Main Component
Figure 3.2 Base load plant- Block layout main
3.8.9.2 Peak Load Plant

It is proposed to provide 4 peak load-generating stations, each comprising of 2 gas
turbines, with each rated at 14MWe. This gives a total station output of 28MWe and an
output across all peak load plants at 112MWe
80m
Ancillary Building
Turbine Train 1
Turbine Train80m
2
40m
Access
Access
Substation
Figure 3.3 Peak Load Plant – Block Layout of Main Component
32
3.8.9.3 Distribution
A 132/33Kv primary substation will be constructed. Bulk distribution of power around
the development will be at 33kv. Primary 33/11kv substations will be co-located with each
of the 7 base load and peak load generating plants. Three transformers will be installed,
each rated at 20MVA but operating at 66% capacity giving a total rated output of 40MVA.
The primary substations will measure 40 x 40m.
3.8.9.4 District cooling

A District cooling plant will be contained in stand-alone energy centers. It is proposed to
sight 7 energy centers, each will require a plant area of approximately 80x 40m, and are
best located adjacent to the generation plant and primary substations. A large external
thermal store will be included, to flatten some of the peak loads and to optimize the
operation of the chillers. The district cooling plant is likely to be around.
3.8.9.5 Overall Energy Flow

The primary mains will emanate from the energy centre and will be distributed around the
site in a ladder network arrangement, with several cross connections to further increase in
network resiliency.
A primary buried pipe network will feature larger diameters mains, interconnected between
base load energy centered and peak load energy centers within each cluster by separate
routes to provide resilience
3.8.9.6 Fuel distribution

Oil will be stored onsite in a dedicated fenced area off the main eastern assess road. This
will comprise multiple buried oil tanks that will allow for approximately 10 days storage of
fuel/oil to serve the base load and peak load plants
3.8.10. Telecoms
3.8.10.1 Internet Bandwidths

The client’s aspirations for the site include promoting the ATV as a desirable
destination for commercial tenants from the national and international technology
sector.
3.8.10.2 Data Centre Concept
The construction of the data centre in the pilot cluster is seen as a priority and it will be
logical to assume high technology tenants will require access to data services.
3.8.10.3 Telecommunication fixed network connectivity

Buro happold would advocate the implementation of a scalable and resilient hard wire
telecommunications solution linking the ATV site to the national telecommunications
network in Nigeria. This will be crucial to the delivery of the commercially viable
telecommunication and IT strategy for the development.
3.8.10.4 Cluster Network Topology

The network topology deployed across the pilot cluster will be largely driven by the
technology and transmission media (Cables) strategy developed for the overall site.
33
3.8.10.5 Open Access Network Proposal

The infrastructure required to deliver fixed networks service to each of the development
cluster is referred to as the telecommunications assess network.
3.8.10.6 Delivery Technology

Voice, data and video services are intended to be distributed across the Abuja technology
village using a number of different technologies, including fixed copper infrastructure even
a wireless access network.
3.8.10.7 Shared Service Provider (POP) Buildings

The infrastructure POPs will need to be housed in purpose built facilities and would be
designed to perform the following:
1. Operate as a local convergence point for incoming fiber optic cable from multiple,
offsite fixed network vendors
2. House the fiber optic telecommunication equipment installed by multiple, fixed
network vendors in order to deliver voice, data and video services to the tenants
living and working in the cluster.
3. House the physical demarcation between the infrastructure fiber optic network
and the onsite ICT infrastructure.
34
CHAPTER FOUR DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF

THE ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE STUDIES
4.1 Overview of the FCT
4.1.1 Introduction
The project area is located in Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria. Abuja has a landmass area
of approximately 8,000 km2 (FCDA, 1990). It is centrally located and falls within the north
central region of the country, also known as the North Central Geopolitical Zone. It is
bordered on the north by Kaduna state, on the west by Niger state, on the east by Nasarawa
state and on the south by Kogi state and lies within latitude 8o 25’N and 9o 20’N and
longitude 6o45 and 7.39E with an elevation of 840m. Its population is approximately
1,406,239 (2006 census).
Abuja consists of several districts, sub-urban districts and satellite settlements. The major
entrances/exits from the city are along the Abuja Airport Road (also known as the Umaru
Musa Yar’adua Expressway, which is a major route from Abuja to the South East, South
South and South Western Geopolitical Zones), the Abuja Zuba Express way (a major route
from Abuja to the North West and North Eastern Geopolitical Zones) and the Abuja
Keffi Road, which is a route from Abuja to the North Central and Southern Geopolitical
Zones.
4.1.2 Physical Environment of the FCT
Climate
The city of Abuja predominately enjoys two major seasons namely- rainy (March-October)
dry season (October-March). The harmattan weather from the north east trade wind
occurs for a brief duration within these periods characterised by a dusty, intense dryness
and coldness. The city enjoys an equable climate that is neither too hot nor cold. The
presence of high altitudes and the terrain of the FCT moderate the influence of the weather
on the territory.
Temperature
The average temperature varies because of its two distinct seasons. In the dry season the
average temperature can soar up to 400C, while the rainy season witness a maximum
temperature of 300C.
Rainfall
The rainfall pattern is affected by the territory's location on the windward side of the Jos
Plateau with rising of air masses, which travel from the east to the west across the territory.
This is associated with the occurrence of dense, dark, cumulonimbus clouds with thunder
and lightning, followed by strong winds and intense rainfall. The annual total rainfall is in
the region of 1100 mm to 1600 mm.
35
Geology
Abuja is characterized mostly by high-grade metamorphic and igneous rocks formed
during the Precambrian age. These rocks can be grouped into five types, which consist
mainly of magneiss, migmatites and granites. The topography is rugged and the relief is
high. The rocks are highly sheared.
Wind
Wind range in the FCT is influence by seasonal migration of the dry and moist air masses
through the region. The months of April to September are characterized by moist Southern
air masses, wind in the FCT are from the Southwest and to a lesser extent from the South
and West. As the dry air mass descends from the North, the region is dominated by
Northeasterly winds. This wind predominates from October through March and is
frequently dust laden as they descend from the dry interior of the continent.
Relief and Landform

In terms of relief and landforms, the lowest elevation in the FCT is found in the extreme
south-west where the flood plain of the river Gurara is at an elevation of about 70m above
sea level. From there, the land rises irregularly eastwards, northwards and northwest wards.
The highest part of the territory is in the northeast where there are many peaks over 760m
above seas level. Hills occur either as clusters or form long ranges. The most prominent
of these include the Gawa range in the north ease, the Gurfata range southwest of Suleja,
the Bwari-Aso range in the northeast, the Wuna range of Gwagwalada. Else where in the
territory, there are many rather roundish isolated hills usually called inselbergs. About 52%
of the FCT consist of plains. Out of these plains, the Gwagwalada plain was selected for
the building of the Federal Capital City (FCC).
Soils
The two main types of soils in Abuja are the sedimentary belt in the southern and south-
western extremities of the territory and the pre-Cambrian Basement complex rock country
which accounts for more than 80 percent of the territory. The soils are generally shallow
and sandy in nature, especially on the major plains in lku Gurara, Roboes, and Rubochi.
The high sand content makes the soil to be highly erodible while the shallow depth is a
reflection of the presence of stony lower horizons. The soil structure of the Gwagwa plains
is however deep and clayey, maybe reflecting the presence of parent materials of the
textured biotite granite. Thus, the soils of the Gwagwa plains are the most fertile,
productive and ideal for urban development.
Mineral Resources
Some of the minerals found in FCT include Marble, Tin deposits, stones (mainly granite
rocks), lead, clay (red clay suitable for house construction), mica, wolframite and tantalite.
4.1.3 Biological Environment of FCT
Vegetation
36
The FCT falls within the guinea savannah vegetation zone of Nigeria. Patches of rain
forest, constituting about 7.4 per cent of the total mass of vegetation, however, occur in
the Gwagwa plains, especially in the gullied terrain to the south and rugged south-eastern
parts of the territory.
The dominant vegetation of the territory is classified into three savannah types, as follows:
Park or Grassy Savannah: This occupies about 53 percent of the total area of the FCT. It
is characterized by a few trees such as Albiza, Zygia, Butrospermum paradoxum, Daniellia olively
and parkia clapperfoniana.
Savannah Woodland: This covers about 12.85 percent of the total area and occurs mostly
in the rugged and less accessible parts of the territory, especially in the Gurara, Robo and
Rubochi half plains and surrounding hills. The commonest tree species found include
Afzela africana, Anogeissus leicarpus.
Shrub Savannah: Occurs extensively in rough terrain close to hills and ridges in all parts of
the territory, and cover about 12.9 per cent of the total area. Specie composition varies
extensively.
Agricultural Potential
FCT is a transition area between the grassland zone to the north and the forest zone to
the south. Therefore the area shares some of the characteristics of both the forest and
savannah zone. The area has a potential to produce both forest root crops and tubers such
as yam and cassava as well as savannah crops like grains and cereals. Other crops that
thrive in the FCT include legumes, root and tubers and fruits and vegetable. Most of these
crops can provide the needed raw materials for several agro-based and agro-allied
industries in the city.
Fauna
Animal rearing is very predominant in the FCT. Common animals found include goat,
cattle, and sheep.
4.2 Overview of the project area
The proposed site for the ATV development is located along the Umaru Musa Yar’adua
Expressway. The ATV covers approximately 702 hectares of land bordered to the north
by the Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology, to the south by Lugbe satellite
settlement, to the west by the Umaru Musa Yar’adua Expressway and to the southeast by
Pyakassa. Currently the project area is been habited by settlements, which are a heritage of
the Gbagyis’ who are the most predominant native ethnic group in Abuja. The settlements
found in the area belong to the people of Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa. The major
occupations of the people include; farming, petty trading and civil service work. During
field visit, 3 (three) Fulani settlement were observed from project area, precisely in sections
labels as cluster 2,3,4 (see figure 4.0). A cashew plantation was also observed in the project
area (cluster 2). Cashews are sources of economic importance and are cash crops. There
37
are several schools located within the project areas such as the Secondary School (GSS)
Pyakassa, L.E.A Nursery and Primary School Aleita and Government Junior Secondary
School, Aleita. GSS Pyakassa is currently being relocated to Maitama district, however
distance to the new school may incur high transportation cost thus an economic
disadvantage to the students and teachers.
Photo 1 Fulani cattle rearers within the project area
Photo 2 Bridge located at Pyakassa showing an eroded area
4.2.1 Physical Environment of the ATV Project area
Topography
The ATV developmental site has an undulating topography and is dissected by seasonal
stream/rivulet that rises from the east. The streams rise mainly from the eastern hilly
terrain and make east-west, southeast-north west flows to follow the general east-west flow
38
trend around the area. The elevations vary from 410-463m within the stream valley bottom
and peak of the dotted basement hills.
Soils
The soils around the project area are generally consists of lateritic residual soils (regasoils).
The valley/stream flood plains consist mainly of alluvial soils. The alluvial soils are thinly
overlying the bedrock.
Hydrology and Drainage

The project area is well drained by streams that rise from the eastern highly ground and
joins other streams to flow-south westwards as a single stream. The streams are seasonal
in character and highly dissected. Minor gully erosion was reported to have been see on
the south of Aleita settlements.
4.2.3 Socio-economic Environment

There are three main local settlements that are within the project area. Chika and Aleita
settlements are to the northeast and north westerns corners, while Pyakassa marks the
southeastern boundary of the site. The predominant local tribe in the project area is the
Gbagyi people. However, other settler tribes include the Hausa Igbo and Koros.
4.3 Baseline Data
Baseline data were acquired during field trips made to the project area and associated
communities.
Table 4.0 GPS Coordinates of the sample collection points
Soil/Noise/Air Coordinates Surface Water Coordinates

Quality Sample Sampling points
points
SS1 N08.97488 E07.38043 SW1 N08.97279 E07.38273
SS2 N08.97281 E07.39108 SW2 N08.98461 E07.40433
SS3 N08.97848 E7.40127 SW3 N8.98581 E07.39875
SS4 N08.98460 E07.40563 SW4 N08.96719 E07.39919
SS5 N08.96099 E07.40074 SW5 N08.97578 E07.40871
SS6 N8.97110 E7.40475
SS7 N8.97491 E07.40983
SS8 N8.97544 E07.41419
SS9 N8.98417 E7.39120
SS10 N08.99308 E07.40266
Key: SS – Soil sample SW – Surface Water
4.3.1 Sampling Design and Studies
A total of ten (10) air quality-sampling points were established within defined sections in
the project area. Ten (10) soil-sampling points were selected. Two (2) samples (topsoil and
subsoil) were taken at each point. The list of sampling points and their GPS coordinates
are presented in table 4.0.
39
Surface water samples were collected from two water bodies located near Pyakassa and
Alieta settlements. A total of five (5) surface water samples were collected from the points.
4.3.1.1 Soil sample collection

Samples were collected using a manual soil auger. Surface soil samples were collected
within a soil depth of 0-15cm; while sub-soil samples were collected within a soil depth of
15-30cm. Samples for physico-chemical analysis were collected into coded plastic bags
after being wrapped in aluminum foil. Soil samples were placed into containers made of
high UV (Ultra Violet) resistant material. A total of twenty (20) soil samples were collected
comprising topsoil (10 samples) and sub-soil (10 samples).
4.3.1.2 Surface Water sample collection

Water samples were collected using sterile 100ml bijou bottles (made of high UV resistant
material). Fast changing physico-chemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, DO,
Conductivity and TDS were measured in-situ using an in-situ water analyser. Samples for
heavy metals and BTEX studies were preserved with nitric acid (HNO3). Samples for
physico-chemical studies were stored in cooler boxes with ice and later transferred to the
laboratory and preserved in refrigerators at 4oC prior to analyses. A total of five (5) surface
water samples were collected for laboratory analyses of various parameters. Hanna HI
991300 PH/EC/TDS Meter was used for water sample analysis (In-situ).
4.3.1.3 Air Quality Sample Collection

Air samples were collected using a Testo 350 XL. Measurements were taken at different
locations around the project area with their geographical coordinates noted.
Photo 3 Consultant team collecting surface water for sampling and carrying out air
quality sampling
40
Photo 4 Consultant obtaining the GPS Coordinates of the location
4.3.1.4 Noise Level Measurement

Noise levels were measured using a Testo 815 Noise meter. Noise samples were collected
at the same locations as the above-mentioned parameters.
4.3.1.5 Socio-economic Studies
The socio-economic assessment studies are aimed at examining the socioeconomic
conditions of the communities living within and around the projects areas. This is to ensure
that the potential impacts of the proposed project is captured and described while
proffering solutions to possible negative impacts to human habitat, health and livelihoods.
The specific objectives of the study include:
 To elicit information about the existing socioeconomic and demographic
characteristics of the inhabitants living around the proposed ATV Project.
 To document the distributional characteristics of the socioeconomic
components in the project area.
 To analyse the patterns of the relationships of the socioeconomic components
 To discuss and deduce the effect of the patterns on the environment of the
proposed ATV Project through the perceptions of the respondents.
 To provide a baseline data for the assessment of the socioeconomic impacts
of the proposed project.
 Suggest mitigation measures and environmental management plan for the
proposed project.
Table 4.1 Noise levels and Air Quality of the proposed ATV Study area
41
Parameters SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4 SS5 SS6 SS7 SS8 SS9 SS10 SS11 SS12
Noise 60.2 59.9 52.8 57.2 59.5 53.0 49.8 52.5 53.1 55.8 51.1 56.7
<0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0.
Co 1 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
<0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0.
NOX 1 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
<0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0.
SOX 1 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
<0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0.
NH3 1 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
<0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0. <0.
H2S 1 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.002 0.001 0.001
VOC 0.003 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1
SPM 8.3 7.6 8.0 7.3 7.4 7.1 7.2 8.1 8.3 8.1 7.9 7.3
Relative 56.6 63.5 59.2
Humidity 68.3 65.0 62.2 58.0 57.1 61.7 57.0 49.5
Atm. 710 708 710
Pressure 710 708 710 708 708 708 705 710
Temperature 80.2 85.6 84.2 86.0 91.9 86.5 89.1 94.2 88.4 81.3 91.6
Wind Speed 4.1 3.1 2.9 3.3 2.0 3.2 2.0 1.4 2.1 2.0 3.1
Wind NW SW SE
Direction SW SE NE SE NW SW NW NW
42
Figure 4.0 Map of the project area showing the soil/air/noise sample locations
43
Table 4.2 Result of Soil analysis from the sampling locations

PARAMETERS SS1 (0- ss1 SS2 (0- SS2 SS3 (0- SS3 SS5 (0- SS5 SS7 (0- SS7 SS9(0- SS9(15- SS10(0- SS10 FME
(units in mg/kg ) 15) (15-30) 15) (15-30) 15) (15- 15) (15- 15) (15-30) 15) 30) 15) (15-30 LIMIT
30) 30)
TEMPERATURE 28.5 28.8 28.5 28.8 28.6 28.4 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.5 28.5 28.4 28.5 28.4 <40
(OC)
pH 6.76 6.73 6.85 6.82 6.82 6.81 6.82 6.8 6.78 6.77 6.73 6.73 6.77 6.76 9.00
CONDUCTIVITY 51 52 5 4 3 3 5 4 11 10 2 2 10 9 1000
(µS/cm)
SULPHATE 44 42 35.7 35.3 69 68 38.1 37.9 44.5 44.4 35.8 35.7 49.8 49.6 500
PHOSPHATE 8.4 8.2 8.9 8.5 10.4 10.3 7.3 7.1 6.7 6.5 4.3 4.2 7.1 7 5
NITRATE 2.8 2.5 3.4 3.2 3.8 3.6 2.5 2.4 3.6 3.3 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.2 20
MANGANESE 1.4 1.1 1.35 1.33 2.7 2.5 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.4 0.2
DRY DENSITY 0.1866 0.1835 0.2033 0.2031 0.2041 0.204 0.1931 0.193 0.2119 0.2117 0.2029 0.2028 0.2112 0.2111 -
ORGANIC 0.091 0.086 0.088 0.085 0.099 0.097 0.07 0.06 0.082 0.081 0.095 0.093 0.077 0.075 0.081
MATTER
THC 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.3 10
CYANIDE 0.091 0.094 0.064 0.066 0.014 0.016 0.014 0.017 0.013 0.017 0.066 0.069 0.017 0.02 0.1
CHROMIUM 0.27 0.31 0.028 0.031 0.033 0.034 0.027 0.03 0.033 0.035 0.045 0.047 0.024 0.027 0.1
NICKEL 0.025 0.028 0.027 0.029 0.08 0.1 0.013 0.017 0.015 0.018 0.012 0.016 0.014 0.016 0.05
IRON 0.43 0.47 0.48 0.51 0.69 0.73 0.503 0.506 0.622 0.625 0.466 0.469 0.528 0.53 1.5
COPPER 0.071 0.073 0.074 0.076 0.025 0.028 0.084 0.086 0.016 0.019 0.062 0.065 0.085 0.089 0.1
CADMIUM 0.06 0.08 0.35 0.37 0.19 0.22 0.036 0.039 0.068 0.072 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.053 0.01
44
Physico-chemical analyses of soil samples

25
20
15
PHOSPHATE
10 nitrate
MANGANESE
5 FMEnv Limit
Phosphate:5
Nitrate:20
0 Manganese:0.2
Figure 4.1 Physicochemical analyses of soil samples
45
Physico-chemical analyses of soil samples

12
10
6
ORGANIC MATTER
4 THC
FME LIMITS
2 Organic Matter 0.081
THC:10
0
0.1866 0.1835 0.2033 0.2031 0.2041 0.204 0.1931 0.193 0.2119 0.2117 0.2029 0.2028 0.2112 0.2111 -
SS1 (0- ss1 SS2 (0- SS2 SS3 (0- SS3 SS5 (0- SS5 SS7 (0- SS7 SS9(0- SS9(15- SS10(0- SS10 FME
15) (15-30) 15) (15-30) 15) (15-30) 15) (15-30) 15) (15-30) 15) 30) 15) (15-30 LIMIT
Figure 4.2 Physico-chemical analyses of soil samples
46
Heavy Metal
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
CYANIDE
0.15
CHROMIUM
NICKEL
0.1
0.05 FME LIMITS

Cyanide:0.1
Chromium:0.1
0
Nickel:0.05
Figure 4.3 Heavy metal analysis of soil sampling location
47
Heavy Metal
1.6
1.4
1.2
0.8 IRON
COPPER
0.6
CADMIUM
0.4
0.2 FME LIMIT

Iron:1.5
0 Copper:0.1
Cadmium:0.01
Figure 4.4 Other heavy metal analysis of soil
48
4.4 Discussion of Soil Analysis
The main thrust of this study is to discuss the results of some identified sampling
parameters on the physicochemical properties of the proposed ATV development site and
environs.
pH
Soil pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in the soil solution. The acidity
or alkalinity of soil is expressed on a pH scale. The sample locations shown in table 4.2
indicate that the pH of the soil, which depends on the soil water ratio, ranged between
6.73 – 6.85 which is within FMEnv limit of 6 – 9 logarithmic scale. It was noticed that the
lowest pH value of 6.73 was recorded at a location point (SS 9) beside a construction
company, Gilmore Engineering currently abstracting granite. The maximum pH of 6.85 was found
at location point (SS2) on a low hill.
Conductivity
The conductivity sample represents the amount of soluble salt present in the soil. The
conductivity varied from 2 – 51 us/cm, which is far below FMEnv acceptable limits of
1000 us/cm. The lowest conductivity was at SS9 sample point near the construction
company. The highest was recorded at a sample point near the Pyakassa Bridge (SS1). The
low level conductivity of the soil sample areas can be articulated to the geological nature
of area which is composed of granite. Granite has more inert materials that do not ionize
when it infiltrates into the soil, which reduces conductivity.
Temperature
The temperatures of all the soil sampling locations were within FMEnv limit range.
Organic Matter
The high level of organic matter values contained in the soil samples is a clear evidence of
the weathering processes of the parent material underlying the soil. The analyzed soil
sample ranged from 0.077 - 0.099mg/l exceeding the FMEnv limits of 0.081mg/l. The
highest value of organic matter (0.099mg/l) was recorded at SS3 location point, a
settlement of Fulani hamlet. Furthermore, this result indicates that the area will suffer
allelopathy which will result to minerals leached from the bark of black walnut trees
suppressing the growth of other plants around the base of the tree and also removal of
plant residue nutrients from the soil as they decompose.
Dry and Wet Densities

Density in this study represents the ratio of Volume (V) to Mass (M) of mineral particles
collectively present in the proposed ATV soil. The dry and wet densities values were higher
than the FMEnv boundary limits. The values ranged from 0.2029 – 0.1931mg/l and 0.839
– 1.367mg/l for both dry and wet densities respectively against FMEnv limits for both
densities.
49
Phosphate
The level of phosphate concentrations recorded an increase above the FMEnv limit. This
elevated level of phosphate parameter may be attributed to the cumulative residual
application of wrong dosages of agrochemicals and poor use of pesticides in farmlands
during crop production over the years. This finding shows that in the sample location SS3
an inhabitant of Fulani Hamlet has the highest concentration of soil phosphate of
10.4mg/l, this may also attributed to the high concentration of the parameter. The
phosphate level in the soil samples ranged between 4.3 – 10.4mg/l against FMEnv limit
of 5mg/l.
Nitrite, Cyanide, THC and Chloride

These parameters were found within FMEnv prescribed limits for Soil.
Heavy metal properties of soil Samples

The values of some of the heavy metals (Copper and Cadmium) were high and above the
FMEnv limits. Chromium and Iron metals were within limits. The presence of these
parameters in excess poses a health threat to humans and animals. The sources of the
pollution may be articulated to the on-going construction and exploitation of natural
resources in the ATV proposed project site. It was noticed as at when these soil samples
were collected that they are various construction and mining activities being undertaken
within the project site.
Table 4.3 Result of surface water analysis from sampling locations

S/N PARAMETERS SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 FME
( units in mg/l) LIMIT
1 TEMPERATURE ( 0C) 28.9 28.8 28.8 28.9 28.9 <40
2 PH 7.02 6.96 6.97 7.05 6.91 6-9
3 DISSOLVED OXYGEN 3.3 3.6 4.1 3.4 4.2 7.5
4 CONDUCTIVITY 162 73 191 370 147 1000
(µS/cm)
5 SALINITY (%) 0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
6 TSS 89 40 105 205 80 1000
7 NITRATE 13 12.5 15.1 14.3 10.0 20
8 NITRITE 0.138 0.798 0.238 0.145 0.07 10
9 SULPHATE 22.5 9.31 33.8 22.8 14 500
10 PHOSPHATE 9.9 6.5 1.9 9.9 4.3 5
11 IRON 0.249 0.926 0.363 0.255 0.178 1.5
12 COPPER 0.334 0.641 0.555 0.348 0.238 <1
13 MANGANESE 0.479 0.317 0.922 0.504 0.186 <1
14 TOTAL HARDNESS 85.6 51.36 85.6 136.96 68.48 200
15 CALCIUM 51.36 34.24 51.36 102.72 51.36 150
16 MAGNESIUM 34.24 17.12 34.24 34.24 17.12 50
17 CHROMIUM 0.105 0.151 0.176 0.108 0.063 <1
18 CYANIDE 0.051 0.22 0.077 0.053 0.036 <1
19 NICKEL 0.51 0.78 0.94 0.51 0.19 <1
20 SILICON 0.078 0.377 0.094 0.067 0.047 <1
21 BOD5 3.8 19.3 6 3.7 2.4 30
22 COD 151 772 245 147 93 80
23 THC 1.5 2.4 1.9 2.4 2.6 10
50
Figure 4.5 Map of the project area showing the surface water sampling points
51
Figure 4.6 Physico-chemical analysis from surface water
FME Limit
Nitrate: 20
Nitrite:10
Sulphate: 500
Phosphate: 5
Figure 4.7 Other Physico-chemical analysis from surface water
52
FME Limits
Iron: 1.5
Copper: <1
Chromium:
<1 Cyanide:
<1 Nickel: <1
Silicon: <1
Figure 4.8 Heavy metals analyses from surface water
FME Limit
Manganese: <1
Total Hardness: 200
Calcium: 150
Magnesium: 50
Figure 4.9 Analysis of Surface Water hardness
53
FME
Limit
BODs: 30
COD: 80
THC: 10
Figure 4.10 Physico-chemical analysis from surface water
4.5 Discussion of Result of Water Quality Analysis
Temperature
The temperatures of all the samplings locations were all within the FMEnv range.
pH
The FMEnv range for the Surface water is 6 to 9. A pH value above or below this, poses a warning
that an abnormal situation exits and needs either further evaluation or immediate remedial
measures. The pH for the surface water ranged from 6.91 – 7.05. This confirms that pH range for
the proposed surface waters falls within FMEnv limit.
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

Dissolved Oxygen is the Oxygen that is dissolved in Water. Very low levels ranging from 0- 2mg/l
do not support life (aquatic flora and fauna); however, the FMEnv limit for DO is 7.5. The samples
collected ranged from 3.3mg/ - 4.2 mg/l.
Conductivity
Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to allow the passage of electric current. It is
affected by inorganic dissolved solids and organic compounds that have a low conductivity when
in water. The conductivity values of the surface water samples were very low compare to FMEnv
Permissible boundary limit of 1000 µS/cm limit. This may be attributed to the geology of the
proposed Abuja Technology Village area site. The study areas consists of granites that are
composed of more inert materials which do not ionize when washed into water. The conductivity
values of the surface water body ranged from 73 – 370 µS/cm.
54
Salinity
The sampled surface water indicates high salinity values. This may be attributed to the topography
of the study areas and anthropogenic activity. The salinity level ranged from 0 – 0.2% against
FMEnv
Total Dissolved Solids

The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) content is a measure of turbidity and general polluting potentials
in water. It is an index of the amount of dissolved substances in water. A TDS concentration over
the recommended limit of 1000mg/l may cause gastrointestinal problems in humans and animals.
The TDS concentration of surface waters were found to be below the FMEnv limit of 1,000mg/l
and ranged from 40 – 205mg/l.
Nitrate
Concentration of nitrate fell within the acceptable limit for all samples collected. Nitrate level
ranged from 10.0 – 15.1 mg/l, which are below FMEnv permissive level of 20mg/l.
Calcium and Magnesium

Calcium and Magnesium ions in high concentrations cause water hardness. The study showed that
the concentration level of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were within the FMEnv limit in surface water, which
is 150mg/l and 50mg/l respectively. However, they were slightly higher at SW4 sample point by
102.72mg/l and 34.48 mg/l of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions respectively. This can be attributed to the
presence of rocks and mineral deposits found in the sample water area. The samples collected
ranged from 34.24mg/l – 102.7mg/l and 17.12mg/l – 34.24mg/l for Ca2+ and Mg2+ respectively.
Phosphate
The level of phosphate concentration was mostly above the FMEnv limit. This elevated level of
phosphate parameter may be attributed to the cumulative residual application of wrong dosages
of agrochemicals and poor use of pesticides in farmlands during crop production over the years,
which drained into surface water. The concentration level of phosphate in surface water ranged
between 1.9 – 9.9mg/l against FMEnv limit of 5mg/l.
Biochemical Oxygen Demands (BOD5)

Biological Oxygen Demand is a measure of the amount of oxygen utilized by microorganisms
during a specific incubation (usually for 5 days) for the biochemical degradation of organic
materials and also the oxygen utilized to oxidize inorganic materials such as sulphate and ferrous
ions. The BOD5 values for the surface water were all within the FMENV range of 30mg/l. The
samples ranged from 2.4mg/l – 19.3mg/l.
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

Chemical Oxygen Demand is an important parameter in measuring quality and determining what
organic load is present in the water. The COD values of the surface water were very high ranging
from 93 – 772mg/l. This can be attributed to the increase in human activities such as washing, and
likely leaching of fertilizers and other pesticides into the water bodies. It exceeded the FMEnv
limit (80mg/l).
55
Nitrite, Sulphate, Iron, Copper, Manganese, Chromium, Cyanide, Nickel and Silicon
These parameters were found within limits prescribed by the FMEnv for surface water.
Microorganisms
The types and number of microorganisms present determine the quality of drinking water. Water
is considered bacteriologically potable if it does not contain any pathogenic microorganism.
Pathogenic organisms get into the water through contamination by sewage or human and animal
excretion. Coliform bacteria are the indicator organisms most commonly used to determine the
purity of water. The coliform group of bacteria that were present in the water samples include
Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, (Salmonella, Shigella), and Enterobacter aerogenes (Enterococcus) They are
facultative aerobic, gram- negative, non-sporing, rod shaped bacteria that ferment lactose with gas
formation within 48 hours at 350C. Incidentally, the coliforms include a wide range of bacteria
whose primary source may not be the intestinal tract. The coliform group particularly Escherichia
coli are most commonly used as indicators of fecal pollution. The presence of enteric bacteria
among the species list suggest that the area is used for human or livestock fecal disposal. Such
water requires conventional methods of treatment before drinking.
Fecal microbes like cholera, hepatitis, and Salmonella spp. enter water supply through untreated
wastewater. These are s derived from the intestine of warm-blooded animals, which can grow at
the more restrictive temperature of 44.5oC. The presence of fecal pollution indicator organisms
(Escherichia coli and Streptococcus spp.) in surface water samples analyzed suggests recent fecal
pollution. This can further give rise to typhoid, dysentery when consumed by man.
Table 4.4 Bacteria Isolate /Count Of Soil Samples

S/N SPECIE SS1 SS2 SS3 SS5 SS7 SS9 SS10
1 Ent. aerogenes + + + + + + +
2 E.coli, + + - + + + +
3 Salmonella + + + + - + +
4 Shigella - + + + + + -
5 MPN/100ML 220 350 280 540 920 220 430
MPN =MOST PRBABLE NUMBER
+ (PRESENT)
- (ABSENT)
Table 4.5 Fungal Isolate In Soil Samples
S/N TAXON SS1 SS2 SS3 SS5 SS7 SS9 SS10
1 Absidia sp, - + + - - + +
2 Mucor mucedo + - + - + + -
3 Aspergillus fumigarus + + - + - + +
4 Aspergillus glaucus + - + + - - +
5 Fusarium sp. + + - + + + +
6 Microsporum canis - + - + + - -
7 Rhizopus oryzea + - + - - + +
8 Trichoderma sp - - - - + - +
9 Total No. of species 5 4 4 4 4 5 6
+ (PRESENT)
- (ABSENT)
There is a uniform pattern of bacteria distribution in the soils. The distribution is however, closely
linked with the occurrence of organic matter. At 0-15 cm depth, soil is rich in organic matter and
this layer accordingly harbors the maximum bacterial population. The bacterial counts were higher
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than the fungal counts. Depending on soil structure and the various physicochemical parameters,
the types of bacteria vary in different soils.
4.6 Vegetation and Flora Studies
The vegetation of the proposed site is of tropical guinea savannah. The dominant vegetation
comprises of an extensive grass under storm, which occur annually and scattered trees and dense
patches of shrubs that do not form a complete canopy. Common vegetation found in the area
indicate in table 4.6
Table 4.6 Common plants encountered in the area

Common name Botanical name Structure Local Uses
1. Bitter leaf Vernonia amygdalina Herb Edible leaf
2. Baobab Adansonia digitata Tree Edible leaf and fruits
3. Acacia Acacia sengal Tree Source of gum arabica
4. Maje (hausa) Daniellia oliveri Tree Fuel wood
5. Doka (hausa) Isoberlinia doka Tree Fuel wood
6. Locust bean Parkia biglobosa Tree Edible
7. Mahogany Khaya ivorensis Tree Source of wood
8. Mango Mangifera indica Tree Edible fruit
9. Isamiya (hause) Tamarindus indica Tree Edible by cattle
10. Neem plant Azadirachta indica Tree Medicinal Plant
11. Makerfo (Hausa) Afromosia laxiflora Tree Fuel wood
12. Shea butter Butryspermum spp. Tree Edible and use for skin application
13. Oil palm Elaeis guinesis Tree Edible fruit
14. Cashew Anacardium occidentales Tree Edible fruit cash crop
4.7 Fauna
Most of the fauna found include chicken, which are reared in cages or fend in the open, cattle,
sheep, guinea fowls and goats.
4.8 Socio- economic Assessment
4.8.1 Methodology
Data use for this assessment was gotten from oral interviews, visual field observation and
secondary data from existing surveys (National Population Commission). Questionnaires could
not be administered due to the non-compliance of the members of the community. The
communities were highly resistant, aggressive, and unresponsive and therefore the
Consultant could not collect as much socio-economic data for these project areas.
4.8.2 Primary Data
4.8.2.1 Composition of Respondents

The respondents during field visits and initial stakeholder consultations were more of Adult males.
The main reason for inequality in the gender representation is caused by a culture system in which
men/husbands are favoured to represent their household in matters involving interview and
questionnaires at household levels.
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4.8.2.2 Religion
Observations made indicated that majority of the people are Christians with a few Muslims.
4.8.2.3 Family Size

Observations revealed that most of the residents from the three communities have large family
size (4-7 children). This can be attributed to the fact that most of the residents are farmers and
require large workforce to help during farm work.
4.8.2.4 Occupation
Three main occupations were identified. They are farming, trading and civil service employment.
Observations show that the predominant occupation of the people of the project area is farming.
However, a group exists that are into trading or civil service. Farming is the primary occupation
of the Gbagyis, trading and civil services are secondary occupations.
4.8.2.5 Social Infrastructure
4.8.2.5.1 Educational Facility
There are primary and secondary schools located within each of the communities of the project
area. Oral interviews indicated that 6 categories of educational levels exist. These include (i)
persons with no education, (ii) primary school attempt, (iii) Primary school completed, (iv)
Secondary School Attempted, (v) Secondary School Completed and those with (vi) Tertiary
education. Actual figures were difficult to acquire due to the reluctance of the respondents to give
responses to the structured questionnaire.
Photo 5 Local Fulani

hamlet behind Chika community
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Photo 6 Pyakassa environ
4.8.2.5.2 Water and Electricity Supply
Potable water supply continues to be a chronic problem in the project area. All the respondents
consider lack of water as a major problem affecting both productivity and household welfare in
the area. Most source water from borehole within their vicinity.
The project area is connected to the national electricity grid. However, homes and businesses make
use of gasoline powered generators as alternative sources of electricity during power outages.
4.8.2.5.3 Housing and Settlements
The settlement patterns in the project area consist of clustered and linear settlements. Housing
types range from mud houses, to mud-brick houses with corrugated roof, to houses built with
modern cement block. Currently the Aleita community has been partially fenced by the FCDA
and this has contributed to the grievance expressed by members of the community.
4.8.2.5.4 Markets
Markets were observed within the project communities. The markets operate daily and they sell
items ranging from foodstuff, building materials, household items and electrical materials. Lock-
up stores are also located within these communities.
4.8.3 Secondary Data

Secondary data obtained from the National Population Commission is provided in Tables 4.7 –
4.10.
4.8.4 Secondary Data Collection
Tables below show Secondary data obtained from the National Population Commission.
59
Table 4.7 Distribution of Households by type of housing unit

CATEGORIES AMAC Abuja
House on a separate stand/Yard 72726 139708
Traditional/hut structure made of Traditional Material 1649 5568
Flat in Block of Flats 45950 68410
Semi Detached House 13810 22678
Rooms/Let in House 43326 64014
Informal/Impoverished Building 990 1466
Other 1223 1748
TOTAL 179674 303592
Source: National Population Commission (2006)
In Comparison to secondary data provided above majority of the households in the project
communities as seen during field observation revealed that the people either live in Flats or
Room/Let in Houses. However, some mud houses were also observed within a scattered
settlement pattern.
Table 4.8 Distribution of Households by Source of water Supply for Domestic Use
Pipe borne inside dwelling 34394 47871
Pipe borne outside dwelling 9516 15819
Tanker supply water vendor 55528 82045
Well 30595 54307
Borehole 27293 44943
Rain Water 2769 4563
River/Stream 17240 49224
Dugout/Pond/Lake/Dam 398 890
Other 1941 3930
TOTAL 179674 303592
Most people in these communities make use of private/commercial boreholes and other
commercial sources such as push cart vendors (Mai ruwa).
Table 4.9 Distribution of Regular Households by type of Toilet Facilities

Water Closet 92939 134673
Pit Latrine 51151 89518
Bucket/Pan 3222 4949
Toilet Facility in another (different) 1152 1981
dwelling
Public Toilet 7004 12664
Nearby Bush//beach/field 23811 59152
Other 395 655
TOTAL 179674 303592
When compared to primary data, information for use of water closet, pit latrine and Bush
corresponded to that provided from Secondary data. However, there is no public toilet within the
community.
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Table 4.10 Distribution of Regular Household Method for solid Waste Disposal
Organized Collection 59522 74523
Buried by Household 5664 10654
Public Approved Dump site 30064 52501
Unapproved Dump site 67288 129171
Burnt by Household 16523 35434
Other 613 1309
TOTAL 179674 303592
There was no response from the communities with regards to waste disposal. However,
observation showed that the practice appears to be more of unapproved dumpsite and burning.
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CHAPTER FIVE PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

5.1 Alternatives Considered to Minimize or eliminate the Option of
Resettlement
5.1.1 Changing Proposed Locations of Conceptualized Structures

Currently, major Gbagyi settlements such as Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa are located within the
proposed project area and constitute the original native population of the area. From observations
and initial consultations, it was understood that the project area had been their ancestral heritage
for over 200 years.
The design indicates that the land currently being inhabited by Chika and Aleita natives has been
intended for the development of a recreational hub, while a major part of Pyakassa will be
dedicated for the purpose of a biotechnology farm inclusive of processing plants, biodiesel farm
and biotechnological research and development.
Given the above situation, a suitable alternative may be to acquire more land in uninhabited areas,
adequate for the development of the recreational hub and biotechnology farms. In this way the
project retains its design concept without affecting the livelihoods of these PAPs. The overall
advantage is that the issue of resettlement is totally avoided given that these natives are already
aggrieved and unwilling to be resettled.
Subsequently if this option is considered, then the project will have indeed improved the socio-
economic status of these areas in the sense that it will establish a free trade zone within
communities, which presently need such a development to improve physico-socially.
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Chika and Aleita
Unbuilt/inhabited
Areas
Pyakassa
Figure 5.0 Showing the project area and intended works to be done
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5.1.2 Incorporating Existing Settlements into the Design

This will entail dismissing the option of resettlement and incorporating the existing settlements
into the project design. It will require:
1. Developing the ATV infrastructures within and around the settlements (for example;
reducing the scale of the proposed recreational hub in order to accommodate Chika and
Aleita communities).
2. Reducing the land occupancy of Clusters 1 and 2, so that a greater part of the
biotechnology farm will be accommodated within that area. This will reduce envisaged
encroachment into Pyakassa farmland according to the present design and avoid
resettlement.
Furthermore, this option will encourage the utilization of local skilled and unskilled labour; direct
employment for natives; skill acquisition, entrepreneurship etc. If the project is considered to
reduce poverty, enable social development, promote economic development etc., who will it
benefit, if the people who should benefit directly are adversely affected in the form of involuntary
resettlement.
5.1.3 Exclusion of Inhabited land from the Project Design

This option may be difficult, but will entail excluding already inhabited land from the project design
such as those occupied by the Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa communities. Such an option will require
a full reduction in the size of proposed infrastructure for the ATV and possibly, capacity. The
development could be redesigned to utilize a smaller amount of land to the preferred 703 hectares.
5.2 Alternative Sources for Power Supply
5.2.1 Installation of 3,000 kva, 11kv Diesel Generators

The project considers the installation of a 132/33kv primary substation, and a series of 33/11kv
substations for the supply of electricity throughout the technology village. Alternatively, the
proposed development could as well install about ten (10) 3,000 kva, 11kv diesel generators to
serve each of the major infrastructures (Clusters, renewable energy farm, recreational hub). This
will cater for events of power outages and also reduce load in a situation where a single generator
is installed to service the ATV.
5.2.2 Maximization of the Proposed ATV Solar Farm for Renewable Source of Energy
Another option which could be considered, will be to maximize the capacity of the proposed solar
farm, to support electricity supply throughout the technology village. This will require modification
in the design and capacity of the solar-powered system and probably smaller installations for
structures.
5.4 Do-Nothing Option
This option will entail retaining the original conditions or status quo of the project area.
Consequently, if this option is preferred it will mean that no further developments will be initiated.
The existing vegetation and natural environment will remain as it is. Furthermore, it will also imply
64
that aggrieved communities (Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa) will not be resettled and reclaim their
farmlands and continue with their livelihoods.
5.5 Preferred Option
The preferred option may be to incorporate existing settlements into the project design. This will
enable the proposed development to go on as envisaged. Additionally, the project will be perceived
by the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) as having an extreme positive impact as it will not hinder
their existence in the area; rather it will contribute to their infrastructural, economic and social
development; employ labour from amongst them and truly preserve their cultural heritage. Also,
since the World Bank is particular about investment lending operations and the potential for
beneficial and adverse impacts, it would not want any project being financed by it to go contrary
to the provision of its environmental and social safeguards. If the ATV project must proceed under
Bank Operating Procedures, then the social wellbeing of the PAPs should be greatly considered,
especially in a situation where the communities have rejected the option of resettlement.
CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY OF IMPACTS FOR THE ABUJA

TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE
6.1 Introduction
The proposed ATV development project activities will lead to potential environmental and social
impacts on the project area. A good number of these impacts, especially the economy related will
65
be beneficial. However, there are also adverse impacts identified particularly in the involuntary
resettlement of Chika, Pyakassa and Aleita natives.
6.2 Associated and Potential Environmental Impacts
For the identification and rating of key issues and impacts that are likely to occur during the phases
of this construction project and the significance of the associated impacts, a “5-Step Tool” was
used.
Rating of Impacts
Five steps were followed sequentially in order to rate the impacts of the various activities of the
projects as shown below:
Step 1: Impacts identification
Interactions b/w project activities
and environmnetal and social
sensitivities
Step 2: Qualification of Impacts

Step 5: Impact Table Positive/Negative,
List impact source and ratings Direct/Indirect, Short/Long term,
Reversible/Irreversible
Step 4: Degree of Impact

Significance Step 3: Rating of Impacts
Major, Moderate, Moderatly Likelihood
High, Moderately Low
Figure 6.0 Impact Rating Tool
Step 1: Identification of Potential Impacts
Expected impacts were determined based on anticipated interactions between project activities
and major environmental and social sensitivities. The environmental and social sensitivities likely
to be affected by project activities include the following:
Environmental Components
 Air (physical and chemical
properties)
 Noise - vibrations, sound waves etc.
 Surface Water
 Ground Water and Hydro-geology
 Soil
 Topography and Landscape
 Climate Change
 Terrestrial Habitats
66
Social Components
 Air (odour)
 Noise – nuisance
 Visual Sensitivity
 Economic Activities
 Employment
 Public Health
 Occupational Health and Safety
 Education
 Land Use
 Property Rights
 Transport and Traffic
 Religious Activities
 Leisure and social activities
 Community Affairs and Grievance
Redress
 Power (electricity)
Step 2 and 3: Qualification of Impacts
Qualification of impacts was based two assessment characteristics:

Step 2: Likelihood of occurrence – This is an assessment of the probability of the effect occurring. Step
3: Potential consequence – This is the actual result and scale that an effect might have. The application
of each of the two characteristics is described below.
Table 6.0 Likelihood of Occurrence of Impact

Impact Probability Likelihood Frequency
High probability (80-100%) A very likely impact Very frequent impacts
Medium high probability (60-80%) A likely impact Frequent impacts
Medium probability (40-60%) A possible impact Occasional impacts
Medium low probability (20-40%) An unlikely impact Few impacts
Low probability (0-20%) A very unlikely impact Rare impacts
The magnitude of the potential changes to the physical and social environment caused by the
impact of an activity or hazard, and the level of sensitivity of the receiving environment determine
the potential impact of the activity. This is shown below:
Table 6.1 Potential Consequence Classification Matrix

Magnitude of Effect
Receptor Sensitivity Low change Medium change High change
Low receptor sensitivity Trivial effect Slight effect Substantial effect
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Medium receptor sensitivity Slight effect Substantial effect Big effect
High receptor sensitivity Substantial effect Big effect Massive effect
The rating of the potential consequences of an impact and its effects are shown below:
Table 6.2 Potential Consequences

Potential Consequence Effect
Extreme consequence A massive effect
Great consequence A big effect
Considerable consequence A substantial effect
Little consequence A slight effect
Hardly any consequence A trivial effect
Step 4: Degree of Significance

The table below shows the impact significance with associated impact ratings.
Table 6.3 Degree of Impact Significance

Impact Significance Impact Ratings
Major significance Major Impact
Moderate Significance Moderate Impact
Minor Significance Minor Impact
Negligible Significance Negligible Impact
Step 5: Impact Assessment Matrix
Table 6.4 Impact Assessment Matrices
Potential consequences
Likelihood Positive Negative
Hardly any Little Considerable Great Extreme
High Moderate Moderate Major Major Major
Medium-high Minor Moderate Moderate Major Major
Medium Minor Minor Moderate Moderate Major

Medium-low Negligible Minor Minor Moderate Moderate
Low Negligible Negligible Minor Minor Moderate
After the rating of each impact, the determination of mitigation measures followed (refer to section
on ESMP). Only moderate and major impacts were considered for impact mitigation. Continuous
improvement practices will address low impacts. The positive impacts shall be monitored and
enhanced when expedient.
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6.3 Associated and Potential Impacts Determination
The results of the evaluation of the interactions between the proposed activities and their impacts
on environmental and social sensitivities are shown in subsequent pages of this chapter. The
identified negative impacts were rated as minor, moderate and major. Beneficial impacts arising
from the project were rated as positive. Hence, no further classifications were made on the
beneficial impacts.
6.4 Methodology for Assessing and Analysing the Social Impacts
The socio-economic impacts were identified through:

1) Technical identification of the scope and nature of project activities required,
2) Previous experience on similar jobs,
3) Concerns raised by stakeholders during focused group discussions and public and
stakeholder consultations,
4) Interactions with professionals and experts in the field by the ESMP team,
6.5 Broad Beneficial Impacts of the Proposed Abuja Technology Village
 Increased investment and poverty reduction: Business environment reforms and

interventions in support of strategic clusters should help to increase investment, leading to
employment creation and poverty reduction. Potentially this could help to reduce the
extent to which young people become economically inactive or are unemployed which is
an important contributory factor to crime and violence.
 Increased incomes: Improved competitiveness of strategic clusters could help to increase
the incomes of participants.
 Improved Health and safety standards in the work place could be realised in targeted
industries; and the improvement of food production, wholesaling and retailing facilities
could help to reduce health risks for consumers.
 Creating environmental awareness and effective monitoring and evaluation of impacts
could improve the environmental footprint in selected industries.
 The operation of the Abuja Technology Village will give rise to technology development
across different sectors (such as biotechnology, ICT, media technology, medical
technology, education and skills) in the F.C.T and Nigeria at large.
 Several ministries, private companies, NGO’s and research institutes will benefit from the
operation of the ATV. Such as the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment, Federal
Ministry of Science and Technology, Federal Ministry of Education, Federal Ministry of
Communication Technology, Federal Ministry of Health, Federal, State and Private
Universities (Baze University, University of Abuja etc.) amongst others
 The ATV will provide a holistic learning environment for educational Programme, tours,
seminars etc., for students and professionals. For example university students studying in
technology related fields across different sectors and Industrial Training (Students
Industrial Work Experience Scheme [SIWES])” and those requiring hands-on experience.
69
 The presence of a technology village will enhance the image of the F.C.T to local and
international communities.
 The Technology Village will support the growth of emerging technology-based businesses
within an entrepreneurial environment that encourages collaboration, and provide
connections to local, regional and international resources.
 Economic development is envisaged to occur with the operation of the ATV, particularly
through increased investment interests and opportunities from foreign and indigenous
investors.
 The ATV will support increased entrepreneurialism.
 Fostering of job creation and employment; for instance, more workers may be employed
to run the day to day activities of the technology village. In addition with the presence of
business operators within the ATV there will be an increase in employment opportunities.
 Surge in improved health, standard of living; personal and infrastructural development
with regards to technology is envisaged.
 Operations of this project will aid the achievement of Millennium Development Goals of
economic recovery and poverty alleviation.
 Provision of Access Roads: The technology village is designed to have a network of roads
that link up with the Umaru Musa Yar’adua expressway, which is a major road in and out
of Abuja city. The road network will facilitate movement of goods and people from and
into the project area and neighbouring communities as well.
 Recreational Facilities: As part of the scope of the project, a recreation hub is to be
developed within the technology village. This dedicated section will serve both the users
of village and the neighbouring communities. Increased access to recreational facilities will
translate to better health, fitness and longevity of the people of the project area.
 Renewable Energy: The development of renewable energy technology is a major part of
the scope of the Abuja Technology Village. A section of the land will be utilized to cultivate
plants that will provide alternative fuel while manufacturers of solar panels and other
renewable energy technology will also be provided with a section for assembling and sales.
This will result in capacity development in the renewable energy sector, and also a
reduction in the dependency on fossil fuels or electricity production. In addition it will
promote environmental friendly technology.
70
6.6 Identified Potential Impacts (by Project Phases)
Table 6.5 Identified Potential Impacts by Phases – PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Pre-construction Phase
Environmental Impacts
Positive Prior to the commencement of project activities, a feasibility study and environmental assessment is required to describe the proposed project needs
and give an overview of the project environment.
The project will undertake a stakeholders/public consultation exercise to sensitize the inhabitants of Chika, Pyakassa and Aleita Communities on the
environmental safeguards components of the project. The public consultation process is seen to be a positive impact, as it will form a basis for project
concept decision-making and implementation.
The Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company (ATVFZCO) project office will benefit from trainings on ESMP implementation and
monitoring. Public awareness and social mobilization programs on the project will be conducted in order to keep the public abreast of the
development.
Negative The pre-construction phase will give rise to fugitive dusts and frequent exhaust emissions into the atmosphere as equipment and building materials
are delivered to the ATV site and along access roads such as the Umaru Musa Yar’dua Expressway.
Leakages may occur from stacked equipment containing oil such engine oil (especially project site). This could result in the seeping-through of oil into
the soil, thereby leading to possible contamination of soil, surface water and ground water.
Soil compaction and soil structure changes may occur due to influx and stationary positioning of heavy-duty equipment and vehicles.
Exposure of excavated areas to possible erosion prior to pipeline works.
The project area is surrounded by an expanse of farmlands and few settlements. During the pre-construction activities the WHO/FME permissible
noise level (90dB) may be exceeded due to mobilization of heavy machinery to the project site.
Before construction works commence there is anticipated to be increased de-vegetation/deforestation activities. The area is mostly characterised by
grassland vegetation.
Social Impacts
Positive The project will undertake a stakeholders/public consultation exercise to sensitize the inhabitants of Chika, Pyakassa and Aleita Communities on the
social safeguards components of the project. The public consultation process is seen to be a positive impact, as it will form a basis for project concept
decision-making and implementation.
GEM PMU, under the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment) may also help establish project supervision committees at the Local Government
(AMAC) and community levels to enable participation, monitoring and evaluation when construction works commence.
Negative Considering the Umaru Musa Yar’dua expressway is highly used by commuters into the Central Area increase in traffic congestions is envisaged at
entrances to the project site during the movement of equipment and materials. This will impact on travel time, and may result in negative perception
about the project, amongst residents and road users.
Noise from heavy-duty project vehicles and equipment may exceed the WHO/FME acceptable noise level limits, resulting in nuisance.
71
Loss of Land, Cultural Heritage and Livelihood Activities
 The 702 hectares of the project site encompasses the land inhabited by a number of communities namely Chika, Pykassa and Aleita and few
Fulani hamlets. There is a high possibility that these people will be displaced from their farmlands and villages. Means of livelihood, graves
and places of worship will be lost.
 The displacement of the Chika, Pyakassa and Aleita communities for the construction of the ATV will lead to loss of cultural heritage of the
communities, as they will be involuntarily resettled to other Gbagyi communities within F.C.T where they may be considered second-class
citizens and intruders. Cultural heritage such as their traditions, cultural values, language and other cultural practices may be lost if this occurs.
 Community leaders of the respective communities will be displaced, as they will be relocated. This may lead to clashes between original
inhabitants and resettled communities.
 Conflicts will arise following the involuntary resettlement of communities, as a result of this possible attack on constructions workers,
contractors and other project related personnel may occur. During fieldwork it was evident that attacks could be made to the Government
workers (FCDA staff).
 Grievances from Project Affected Persons (PAPs) will occur.
 Total loss of agricultural and ancestry land. Most members of the three communities are involved in farming activities so total acquisition of
land by the project will deprive the community their primary source of livelihood. Specifically the agricultural land area of Chika and Alieta
has been allocated for the recreational park construction under the ATV project
 Loss of homes in the three communities.
 Aleita community has recently been fenced out by the government and is currently aggrieved. With the complete loss of land upon
commencement of the project, there is a high possibility of unrest, violent attacks, conflict and increased grievance
 Displacement of the three (3) Fulani settlements located within Cluster 2, 3 and 4 of the proposed ATV site. Knowing fully well the current
security problems in the country, Fulani herdsmen have been responsible for fatal attacks in several places in North Central Nigeria (Plateau,
Nasarawa, Benue states). If resettlement is not properly administered and its consequences analyzed, there may be an uncontrolled situation.
Displacement of Schools
 Displacement of Government Secondary School (GSS) Pyakassa, L.E.A Nursery and Primary School Aleita and Government Junior Secondary
School, Aleita. This will inconvenience the students and teachers, as there will be a lag in the student’s education and also possible loss of
employment for the teachers. GSS Pyakassa is currently being relocated to Maitama district, however distance to the new school may incur
high transportation cost thus an economic disadvantage to the students and teachers.
Properties within the communities may be accidentally damaged or destroyed during the movement of heavy duty vehicles and equipment
During land clearing activities a large number of economic trees and plants will be lost. For example – cashew plantation within cluster 2 of the
project area.
72
Accidents involving vehicles or pedestrians are likely to occur during vehicle and equipment movement to the project site and other work areas within
the communities.
During the land acquisition process there is a tendency to trigger conflict and attack on construction workers owing to speculation about involuntary
displacement. This may occur given previous grievance cases and crises that followed the involuntary resettlement within the F.C.T. Aside assault on
the construction workers, conflict may be inter-communal as community leaders may be accused of conniving with government to deprive the
community of its available land.
Insecurity challenge in some parts of the North may affect contractors interest to bid for job and this may lead to selection of less qualified contractors.
Similarly, insecurity in the state may have an adverse impact on construction workers willingness to work in the area especially if these workers are not
familiar with the local terrain.
New resettlement area made available for Chika, Pyakassa and Aleita communities may be in poor conditions as there may not be proper infrastructure
in place (such as roads, water, electricity), thus a decline in the living standards of the resettled communities.
Attack on construction workers by wild animals (reptiles) during the project site clearing process.
Possible conflicts between PAPs and different project implementing bodies (Abuja Technology Village Free Zones Company, Growth and
Employment (GEM), Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment (FMTI), Contractors, etc.)
Occupational Health and Safety
Positive During the pre-construction phase, Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) awareness programs will be conducted. Awareness programs and
interactive sessions will benefit primarily the contractors’ personnel, ATVFZCO, FMTI and GEM staff, schools, residents and businesses. Guidelines
on safe practices and safe behaviours will be made available to these groups in order to minimize the occurrence of occupational incidents or
accidents in the course of implementing project activities in the different communities.
Negative During the pre-construction phase air pollution from exhaust fumes of vehicles and equipment moving to the work areas may occur. This will pose
an occupational health risk (respiratory infections and diseases), especially for people living in and carrying out activities around the project site and also,
personnel involved in the mobilization process.
Exposure to noise pollution, injuries and accidents during movement of equipment to the work areas. Visual impacts will also occur
Collapse of heavy equipment being conveyed by vehicles/injury to unsuspecting persons and project personnel.
73
Construction Phase
Positive
This phase will allow for the commencement of the Abuja Technology Village construction works
Rehabilitation of the existing erosion site in the project area.
Negative
Water Quality and Hydrology
 During the construction phase, there may be potential for sediment/contaminant laden water runoff impact on water quality. The
contaminants in water runoff may have the potential to enter existing drainage channels and into local watercourses (such as the tributaries
of River Yakayaka near the project area), affecting downstream users and aquatic life.
 Accidental spillage of chemicals and fuels from the operation and maintenance of construction vehicles and equipment will pose negative
impacts to surface and future groundwater quality.
Noise
 The construction phase will involve massive use of heavy machinery for land clearing, leveling and excavation of soils. The noise level may be
high and may cause hearing impairment to workers and the public in surrounding communities.
Air
 Crushing of rocks for the production of gravels will result in the increase of stone dust likely to cause respiratory diseases.
 Increase in fugitive dusts and emissions during operation of vehicles, generators, mixers etc.
 Civil works (such as digging of trenches, laying of water supply pipes, laying of electrical wires, construction of energy centre, data centre, installation of the surface
water attenuation pond etc.) will cause changes in the atmospheric conditions of the project area and surrounding environment. Fugitive dusts,
machinery exhaust fumes (nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur oxides (SOx), hydrocarbons and suspended particulate
matter) and dusts from construction activities will impact negatively on air quality. Air pollution from machineries will be short term,
moderate and localized.
 Welding works will result in the release of metallic oxides which will impact on health and environment.
 During construction exposed paints and other hazardous substances may result in volatile vapour release into the atmosphere causing
environmental and health risks
Soil/Geology
 Stationary vehicles and heavy equipment (positioned over a long period) on and off work areas may lead to surface soil compaction. Surface
soil will also be compacted during frequent movement of vehicles and heavy equipment. Soil compaction can further led to reduced capacity
of water to infiltrate into the soil thereby affecting soil-water balance and the hydrological cycle largely.
 Oil and chemical leakages from work vehicles and equipment may lead to soil contamination and death of beneficial soil flora and fauna.
This impact will be localized, minor and short term.
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Construction Phase
 During the installation of the water supply - gravity flow system, the natural contours of the project area may be altered; this will impact the
natural watershed.
 Implementation of some aspects of the project will include major earthwork such as excavation with the movement of excavators, tippers
and other equipment, road works, cut and fill works. This will affect the surface natural flow regime of water especially when the sub-soils
have been destabilized by construction activities.
 Soil contamination from construction wastes such as oil (fuel, lubricants), cement, and paint may occur. Increase in the accumulation of
heavy metals from concrete and other construction material in soil
 Loss and exposure of topsoil (soil erosion) during de-vegetation activities.
 Existing pipes installed previously will be abandoned and new pipes installed. These old pipes may begin to rust and consequently lead to
soil, surface water and /or groundwater contamination
Sanitary Concerns
 The management of human faecal waste may be an issue. Workers that will be at the sites at the peak of construction works will need good
and hygienic mobile toilet facilities. If alternatives are not provided for personnel, indiscriminate defecation may occur particularly on
farmlands. This could cause spread of infections such as dysentery, typhoid.
Climate Change
 Climate change impacts need to be assessed from two perspectives. Firstly the impact of the project on climate change and secondly the
impact of climatic change on the project’s infrastructure.
 Green House Gas* (GHG) emissions from vehicular and construction equipment would be generated during the pre-construction,
construction and subsequently, operational phases of the project. These emissions would be the primary impact of the project on climate
change. GHG emissions are considered based on three “scopes” – Scope 1 (direct emissions), Scope 2 (indirect emissions) from the
consumption of purchased energy [Purified Motor Spirit {PMS}, diesel] and Scope 3 (other indirect emissions)
Noise Impact
 With the use of machinery in the work areas, noise impacts will occur, probably exceeding WHO/FME permissible limits (90 dB).
Waste
 Construction activities will led to the production of solid wastes - soil excavated, debris, metals, plastics, wood, waste concrete etc.
 Increased generation of liquid waste – e.g. concrete washing
Terrestrial Habitat
 During the construction phase, loss of economical trees/fauna may occur
 Civil work activities during this phase may disrupt the existence of fauna and flora within the project area
 Impacts on protected areas; critical habitats for rare species or of ecologic or domestic importance
Population density upsurge
Developmental projects tend to increase population densities as they may encourage economic activities and development of the area. However its
negative consequences includes stress on natural resources
Social Impacts
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Construction Phase
Positive Employment of skilled and unskilled labour will be promoted. Artisans and professionals from the Chika, Aleita and Pyakassa communities will be
provided contractual employment during this phase. This will help promote community goodwill.
The construction phase will bring about infrastructural development such as housing, roads, business structures and water supply to the project area
This phase will encourage economic activities within and around work areas. Petty traders, food-spot owners and other small businesses will benefit
immensely from the demand at work sites.
The construction phase will encourage co-existence of different ethnic and tribal groups from amongst contractor staff, ATV project and other
visitors to the work sites
The construction phase will see to the implementation of a viable waste management plan for project activities
Occupational health and safety efforts will be intensified during the construction phase as traffic signs, warning and hazard signs will be put up to
inform residential communities and others, about the on-going construction works in sensitive areas.
The phase will encourage the conduct of Occupational Health Risk Assessment (OHRA), Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), Hazard Communication
Program (HAZCOM), OHS trainings and other proactive safety strategies (fulfilling the social and fiscal imperatives) which will help reduce the
occurrence of on-site incidents/accidents and the resultant burden of direct or indirect compensation costs
Negative Loss of Land, Cultural Heritage and Livelihood
 During the construction phase there is the likelihood that excavation of or construction on graves (as they are mostly shallow) of community
member’s relatives will occur. If this occurs grievances are very likely.
Construction of the ATV will restrict access to local source of natural water used mainly for domestic purposes
There may be occurrences of traffic congestion on access roads particularly Umaru Musa Yar’dua expressway as a result of intermittent movement of
equipment and materials into the project site. This will impact on travel time, and may result in negative perception about the project, amongst road
users, residents and commercial establishments
The project will attract a significant workforce. Associations between workers and local residents may lead to casual sexual relationships, thereby
increasing the risks of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV
An incidence of respiratory conditions and respiratory diseases (silicosis, asthma, bronchitis, upper respiratory infections) is likely to occur, due to air
contamination by exhaust fumes and dust resulting from civil works
Vices such as extensive alcohol and drug use, casual sex (with minors, prostitutes etc.), small scale gambling, rape etc., may arise due to the influx of
project workforce in the areas
This phase may also cause noise disturbance and nuisance
The construction phase will lead to increase in on and off site quantities of generated construction wastes
If project implementation will require the procurement of more than one contractor, the possibility of conflicts and workplace violence occurring
may arise. This may hinder or slow down project activities. Impediment to the work schedule will pose a negative social impact as successful project
management and monitoring will be thwarted
Displacement of educational establishments such as the Pyakassa Girls Secondary School. This may destabilize the presently enrolled students; also
new location may not be favourable in terms of commuting for the students and teachers.
Resistance to work in certain areas may occur as youth and community representatives may hinder access to work areas.
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Construction Phase
Loss of sources of livelihood may cause a rise in crime rates and vandalism with the communities and the F.C.T at large.
Grievances of the PAPs may result to violent attacks and threat to lives of the ATV construction workers, civil workers and other project related
persons

Negative In the course of construction works, there would be a moderate to severe likelihood of the occurrence of workplace hazards. Activities such as well
drilling, removal and replacement of pipes, trench digging, mechanical, structural works and electrical installations could predispose personnel to
hazards. “Unsafe behaviours” and “unsafe conditions” will pose a serious occupational health and safety risk. Hazardous conditions or practices
likely to impact on occupational health and safety will include:
a) Civil Works – laying of pipes etc.
b) Mechanical works – installation of masts, transformers etc.
c) Conveying and lifting of heavy equipment - fluidized bed boiler, transformers, generators,
d) Installation of masts, transformers, generator
e) Electrical works – installation of transmission cables, electricity wires, fluidized bed boiler etc.
f) Works at heights
g) Use and exposure to hazardous energy
h) Vegetation clearing
i) Exposure to potentially PCB contaminated oils
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Operation Phase
Positive Air
 Vehicular emissions generated during the operations phase are expected to be minimal.
 Improved environmental aesthetics will promote good ambience within and around the Abuja Technology Village.
 Reduced GHG emissions as a result of cessation of heavy vehicular and equipment movement, and machinery use.
Renewable Energy: The development of renewable energy technology a major part of the scope of the Abuja technology village. A section of the land will be
utilized to cultivate plants that will provide alternative fuel while manufacturers of solar panels and other renewable energy technology will also be provided. This
will support the promotion of environmental friendly technology.
Negative Air
 Air quality impacts that would arise during the operation of the ATV would include emissions from generators and vehicular emissions. Emission will
be released from the gas turbines and fluidized bed boilers.
Waste
 Increased generation of domestic and electronic waste from residential and business premises respectively
Noise
 The operation of the ATV will not pose any significant adverse impacts on baseline noise conditions. As noise or vibrations will be only site specific
and expected to be below WHO/FME acceptable limits (90 dB)
Soil and Water
 During retro-filling of transformers with transformer oil, spillage may occur. If transformer oil is potentially contaminated with Polychlorinated
biphynels (PCBs) the risk of soil contamination is likely.
 Spillage of potentially PCB contaminated oil will also negatively affect surface and ground water.
Social Impacts
Positive The operation of the Abuja Technology Village will give rise to technology development across different sectors (such as biotechnology, ICT, media
technology, medical technology , education and skills ) in the F.C.T and Nigeria at large
Several ministries, private companies, NGO’s and research institutes will benefit from the operation of the ATV. Such as the Federal Ministry of Trade and
Investment, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Federal Ministry of Education, Federal Ministry of Communication Technology, Federal Ministry of
Health, Federal, State and Private Universities (Baze University , University of Abuja etc.) amongst others
The ATV will provide a holistic learning environment for educational Programme, tours, seminars etc., for students and professionals. For example university
students studying in the technology related fields across different sectors and Industrial Training (Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme [SIWES])” and those
requiring hands-on experience.
The presence of a technology village will enhance the image of the F.C.T to local and international communities.
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Operation Phase
The Technology Village will support the growth of emerging technology-based businesses within an entrepreneurial environment that encourages collaboration,
and provide connections to local, regional and international resources
Economic development is envisage to occur with the operation of the ATV, particularly through increased investment interests and opportunities from foreign
and indigenous investors
The ATV will support increased entrepreneurialism
Fostering of job creation and employment. For instance, more workers may be employed to run the day-to-day activities of the technology village. In addition
with the presence of business operators within the ATV there will be an increase in employment opportunities.
Surge in improved health, standard of living; personal and infrastructural development with regards to technology is envisaged
Operations of this project will aid the achievement of Millennium Development Goals of economic recovery and poverty alleviation.
Provision of Access Roads: The technology village is designed to have a network of roads that link up with the Umaru Yar’adua expressway, which is a major
road in and out of Abuja city. The road network will facilitate movement of goods and people from and into the project area and neighboring communities as
well.
Recreation Facilities: As part of the scope of the project, a recreation hub is to be developed within the technology village. This dedicated section will serve
both the users of village and the neighboring communities. Increased access to recreational facilities will translate to better health, fitness and longevity of the
people of the project area.
Renewable Energy: The development of renewable energy technology a major part of the scope of the Abuja technology village. A section of the land will be
utilized to cultivate plants that will provide alternative fuel while manufacturers of solar panels and other renewable energy technology will also be provided with
a section for assembling and sales. This will result in capacity development in the renewable energy sector, and also a reduction in the dependency on fossil fuels
or electricity production. In addition it will promote environmental friendly technology.
Sustainable economic diversification and attraction of foreign direct investment.
Residential buildings and facilities located within the ATV will help address housing shortage in the F.C.T
During operation phase, there will be opportunities for skills acquisition such as training by ICT professionals etc.
Negative Issues from displaced communities
 Violent attacks and threats to residents and users of the ATV from aggrieved community members
Influx of vehicles into the ATV may cause traffic congestion along the Umaru Musa Yar’dua expressway, causing delay in travel time
Loss of employment. At the end of the construction phase, workers employed on a contract basis will be relieved of their duties.
Increased generation of domestic and electronic waste from residential and business premises respectively
Power outage may occur
Explosion may occur due to oil/fuel from the underground tanks leaks within the power center
Transmission failure of the data center
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Operation Phase

Positive Positive outcomes during the operation phase on occupational health and safety will be as follows:
 Implementation of site-specific occupational health and safety management plans (OHSMPs)
 Monitoring for occupational health and safety risk assessment (OHSRA) report data.
 Continuous job hazard analysis and process hazard analysis (JHA and PHA)
 Implementation of a hazard communication program (HazCom)
 Institution of the facility safety committee.
 Reduced direct and indirect costs as a result of pro-active safety strategies.
 Availability of a fire safety and emergency plan. A fire service facility will be installed in the project area.
 Installation of sprinkler systems in all clusters and facilities of the ATV.
 Implementation of electric safety plan
 OHS Training
 PPE availability
Negative During the operation phase, the under-listed Occupational health and safety hazards are likely to occur within the 132/33 kV primary station, the 33/11 kV
substations, base and pick load facilities and other facilities:
 Explosion due to fault
 Explosion due to oil/fuel leak
 Electrical fires
 Flashovers
 Accidents from machines – fluidized bed boiler, steam turbines
 Shocks/Death by electrocution
 Collapse of telecommunication mast
 Faults and fires in cables due to breaking of conductors
 Lightning strikes, earth wire, conductors, structure equipment.
 Explosions in oil filled transformers Faults in power cable due to overheat, installation failure and over-voltage
 Faults in transmission cable
During retro-filling of transformers, personnel may be exposed to potentially PCB contaminated oils.
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Table 6.6 Identified impacts and Ratings - PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Project Component Sub- Potential Impact Description Likelihood Consequence Rating

Phase component
Air Fugitive dust and Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
exhaust fumes from Negative
vehicles Short-term/long-term
Local/widespread
Reversible
Soil Soil compaction and soil Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
structure changes due to Negative Low
influx and stationary Short-term
positioning of heavy Local
duty equipment and Reversible
vehicles
Leakages from stacked Direct Moderate
Pre-
equipment and Negative Medium Considerable
construction Environment
subsequent seeping Short-term
Phase
through of oils and Local
chemicals Reversible
Exposure of excavated Direct Moderate
areas to possible erosion Negative Medium Considerable
prior to pipeline works. Short-term
Local
Reversible
Noise Increase above Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
permissible noise level, Negative
(90dB) due to Short-term
movement of vehicles, Local/widespread
equipment and Reversible
81
machines to the
construction site
Phase component
Vegetation De-vegetation – Loss of Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
flora and fauna. Negative
Short-term
Loss of economic trees Local/widespread
(cashew plantation in Reversible/Irreversible
cluster 2)
Land Conflict between Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
Acquisition contractor and land Negative
owners, due to Short-term
unresolved issues during Local
land acquisition process Reversible
Displacement of Direct High Great Major
Pre-
members of Chika, Negative
construction
Social Aleita and Pyakassa Long-term
Phase
communities. Local/Widespread
Irreversible
Displacement of 3 fulani
settlements within the
Involuntary
project site
Resettlement
Loss of cultural heritage Direct High Great Major
Negative
Long-term
Local/Widespread
Irreversible
Loss of agricultural land Direct High Great Major
Negative
82
Long-term
Local/Widespread
Irreversible
Phase component
Loss of livelihood Direct High Great Major
activities Negative
Long-term
Local/Widespread
Irreversible
Poor condition of selected Direct Medium Great Moderate
resettlement area for the three Negative
(3) communities
Involuntary Long-term
Resettlement Local
Reversible
Grievance from Project Direct High Great Major
Pre- Affected Persons Negative
Social
construction (PAPs) Long-term
Phase Local/Widespread
Irreversible
Education Displacement of Direct High Great Major

Schools in Aleita and Negative
Pyakassa Long-term
Local/Widespread
Irreversible
Traffic Traffic Direct Medium Considerable Moderate

congestion/travel delay Negative
Short-term
83
Local/widespread
Reversible

Phase component
Noise Nuisance to surrounding Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
schools /residents/ Negative
communities Short-term
Local
Reversible
Other Grievances Direct/Indirect Low Little Minor
Negative
Short-term
Local
Reversible
Pre-
Social
Construction
Accidents involving Direct/Indirect Medium Considerable Minor
vehicles or pedestrians Negative Low
Short-term
Local
Conflict between PAPs Direct High Great Major
Other
and project Negative
implementing bodies – Short-term/Long-term
ATV Free Zone Project Local
Office, GEM, FMTI Reversible/Irreversible
Attacks of construction Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
workers by wild animals Negative
84
Short-term/Long-term
Local
Air Exposure to respiratory Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
disease risks from dusts, Negative
exhaust fumes of Short-term /long-term
equipment and vehicles Local/wide spread
Occupational Reversible
Health and
Safety Health and Exposure to injuries and Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
Safety accidents during Negative
movement of equipment Short-term /long-term
Local/wide spread
Reversible
85
Table 6.7 Identified Project Impacts and Rating – CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Phase component
GHG Emissions Direct /indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
Negative
Climate
short-term/Long-term
Change
Local/widespread
Irreversible
Release of Cement Direct Moderate Considerable Moderate
dust, fugitive dust, Negative
exhaust fumes, short-term/Long-term
hazardous gases Local/widespread
Air
(NOx, CO, SOx, Irreversible
PM 2.5, PM 10) during
Construction construction
Phase activities
Destabilization of Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
soil structure Negative
Environment grading, and short-term
excavation activities Local
etc, Reversible
Compaction of top Direct Medium-high Considerable Moderate
Soil/Gelogy soil due to Negative
movement and short-term
stationing of heavy Local
vehicles and Reversible
equipment
86

Phase component
Increased gully Direct/Indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
erosion site located Negative
in Cluster 4 within short-term /long-term
ATV site Local
Reversible
Contamination of Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
soil by oil spills, fuel, Negative
etc. short-term
Local
Reversible
Change to natural Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
topography during Negative
Soil/Gelogy the installation of short-term
the water supply Local
system Reversible
Direct/Indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
Discharge of Negative
sediment laden run- Short-term/Long-term
off into water Local/Widespread
Water bodies Reversible
quality/hydrol
ogy Contamination Direct/indirect Medium low Considerable Minor
from (oils, fuel, Negative
chemical substances short-term/long-term
etc) Local/widespread
Reversible
87

Phase component
Contamination by Direct/indirect Medium low Considerable Minor
Water human faecal wastes Negative
quality/hydrol short-term/long-term
ogy Local/widespread
Reversible
Noise pollution and Direct Medium-high Considerable Moderate
vibration nuisance Negative
Noise and
as a result of on- short-term
Vibration
going construction Local
Construction works. Reversible
Environment
Phase Waste Increased Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
generation of solid Negative
and liquid wastes short-term
Local
Reversible
Biodiversity Loss of native flora Direct Medium High Considerable Moderate
and fauna Negative
Short-term/Long term
Local
Reversible/irreversible
Grievance Possible Excavation Direct Medium high Great Major
of graves Negative
Construction
Social short-term
Phase
Local
88

Phase component
Restricted access to Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
natural water for Negative
downstream users short-term
Local
Reversible
Socio- Negative perception Direct Medium Little Minor
economic among surrounding Negative
activities residents and short-term
commercial Local
establishments etc Reversible
about the project.
Displacement form Indirect /Direct High Great Major
their sources of Negative
livelihood short-term
(farmland, shops) Local
Reversible
Construction
Social
Phase
Traffic Delay in travel time Direct Medium low Little Minor
Negative
short-term
Local
Reversible
Health and Increase in sexual Indirect Medium high Great Major

Safety activities leading to Negative
possible spread of short-term
STIs (such as HIV) Local/widespread
Reversible
89

Phase component
Incidence of Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
respiratory diseases Negative
due to air short-term
contamination by Local
fugitive dusts and Reversible
Health and
Social exhaust fumes
Safety
Exposure of Direct Medium Great Moderate
workforce to Negative
accidents and short-term
injuries Local
Construction Reversible
Phase
Behavior Occurrence of Indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
social vices (e.g. Negative
theft, drug use etc) short-term
Local
Reversible
Noise Nuisance due to Direct Medium Considerable Moderate
increase in noise Negative
levels short-term
Social
Local
Reversible
Conflict between Direct High Great Major
displaced Negative
Project
Construction community short-term
Performance
Phase members and Local
contractor/project Reversible/
related persons Irreversible
90

Phase component
Grievance and Direct/Indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
resistance from Negative
displaced Short-term/long-term
communities Local
Reversible/
Irreversible
Personnel safety Injuries, falls, Direct/Indirect Medium high Considerable Moderate
Occupationa accidents, Negative
l Health and explosions, fires, Short-term/Long-term
Safety leakages, accidents Local/widespread
etc. Reversible/Irreversible
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Table 6.8 Identified Project Impacts and Ratings - OPERATION PHASE

Phase component
Air Exhaust fumes Indirect Medium Little Minor
from ATV Negative
residents, business Short-term/long-term
operators etc. Local/widespread
Irreversible
Noise Nuisance due to Indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
increase in noise Negative
Environment levels Short-term/long-term
Local
Reversible
Contaminated (with Indirect Medium Little Minor
human waste) water Negative
Water quality run-off into surface Short-term/long-term
Operational and hydrology water etc. Local/widespread
Phase Reversible
Employment Loss of Indirect High Little Moderate
employment Negative
(engaged contract short-term
staff on the Local
project) Reversible
Social
Nuisance Violent attacks, Direct/Indirect Medium Great Moderate
threats and high Negative
crime activities short-term /long-term
directed to Local
residents and users Reversible/Irreversible
92

Phase component
of the ATV by
aggrieved displaced
community
members
Waste Increased Indirect Medium Considerable Moderate
generation of Negative
domestic and e- short-term /long-term
waste Local
Reversible
Health and Increase in Indirect Low Considerable Minor
Safety respiratory Negative
problems amongst short-term
local residents due Local
to increase of road Reversible/Irreversible
users
Occupational Personnel Injury of workers Direct Medium Considerable Minor
Health and safety during operation Negative
Safety and maintenance short-term/Long-term
activities Local
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CHAPTER SEVEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN
7.1 Overview
The range of environmental, social and occupational health and safety issues associated
with the Abuja Technology Village Project will be described in a matrix table format for the
environmental and social management plan (ESMP). The table also includes a column for
Monitoring Indicators and Monitoring Frequencies.
It outlines the corresponding mitigation measures for potential environmental and social
impacts; and occupational health and safety risks that are envisaged to occur during project
activities. Since the project consists primarily of civil, electrical and mechanical works,
majority of the environmental and social impacts and occupational hazards will be
expected to arise during the construction phase of the project. The ESMP also covers
potential impacts as perceived during the pre-construction and operation phases.
7.2 Institutional Arrangement for ESMP and Monitoring Plan
It is planned that the environmental and social impacts and their designed mitigation
measures shall be monitored during implementation of the construction and operation
phases. The roles and responsibilities for monitoring the environmental and social impacts
and mitigation measures are as follows:
The Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company will ensure implementation of all
mitigation measures. The Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv), National
Environmental Standards Regulatory Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and Abuja
Environmental Protection Board (AEPB) will ensure implementation of measures that
concern the environment. The FCDA will ensure that all land related processes are
followed through. Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company will be responsible for
the development of management plans as described in the ESMP (e.g. monitoring
program, site-specific safety management plans, site-specific waste management plans,
workers, respiratory protection program.
The FMEnv will undertake compliance monitoring and periodic inspection of the project
site. The Abuja Technology Village Free Zone Company, GEM and FMTI will also be
involved in some level of monitoring.
All the mitigation measures specified in this plan shall be included in the bid documents
for the successful enterprise to implement. Campaigns on STIs HIV/AIDS,
environmental protection and personal hygiene and sanitation shall also be undertaken.
For this purpose, services of experienced NGOs in the fields would be sought. Waste
94
management plan will be communicated to all contractors to implement accordingly.

Development Control department of the FCDA will ensure that the ATVFZCo maintains
the design specifications of the ATV project.
The total cost for the ESMP for the Abuja Technology Village Project is estimated at One
Million One Hundred and Forty Five Thousand, Six Hundred US Dollars
($1,145,600) [One Hundred and Ninety One Million, Three Hundred and Fifteen
Thousand Two Hundred Naira (N191,315,200)].
95
Table 7.0 ESMP - PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Abuja Technology Village Project
96
Component Sub- Activities Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Monitoring Monitoring Institutional Costs
component Indicators Frequency Responsibility (USD)
Sprinkling of water via Air quality parameters are Twice monthly Mitigation:
spraying devices to limit within permissible Limits Abuja
dusts. Technology
Village Free Zone
Mobilization Company
Increase in amounts
of workers, (ATVFZCO) and
of fugitive dusts and
equipment and Contractors
exhaust fumes from
other materials Ensure that vehicles are Ensure that vehicles are Every two months
Air movement of heavy- 5,000
into Abuja serviced; undergo vehicle serviced; undergo vehicle Monitoring:
duty vehicles and
Technology emission testing (VET) and emission testing (VET) NESREA, FME,
equipment into work
Village Project vehicle exhaust screening and vehicle exhaust Contractor
areas.
Site (VES) as laid down in the screening (VES) as laid
NESREA guidelines. down in the NESREA
guidelines.
Environment Loss of top soil and Limit zone of vehicle and Visible demarcation of Weekly Mitigation:
soil compaction due equipment weight impacts vehicles and equipment ATVFZCO
to movement of (designate an area for parking limit zone Project Office
vehicles to site and and stacking equipment) and Contractors
stacking of heavy- Warning signs, flags will
Mobilization
duty equipment be utilized to alert users Monitoring:
of workers,
AEPB, FME,
equipment and
ATVFZCO
other materials
Soil Project Office 8,500
into Abuja
Leakages from Ensure fastening of loose Installation of Weekly
Technology
stacked equipment parts (bolts, nuts); Install impermeable platform at
Village Project
and subsequent impermeable surface at the limit zone.
Site
intrusion of oil and limit zone to contain potential
chemical substances leakages
into soil.
97
Mobilization Increase above The effective control of noise Options for noise impact Weekly Mitigation: 1,500
of workers, permissible noise from vehicles and equipment mitigation are being ATV,
equipment and level, (90dB) during during this phase may be implemented Contractors
other materials movement of achieved by considering the
into Abuja vehicles, equipment following techniques: Monitoring:
Technology and machines (site-  Alternative design FME, ATV,
Village Project specific and options; AMAC
Site widespread)  Mitigation at the
source;
 Mitigation along
Noise the path; and
 Mitigation at the
receiver
For minimal disturbance it
will be advised that
equipment is transported in
the evening or night hours
when traffic is less.
Environment
Displacement of Contractors should limit Vegetation clearing is Monthly

fauna and damage to vegetation clearing to limited to precise areas
flora. minimum areas required
particularly areas with
indigenous vegetation
Mitigation:
Contractors
Vegetation
Vegetation Predisposing of soils Cleared areas should be re- Re-vegetation is ongoing Monthly 1,900
clearing Monitoring:
to erosion vegetated with beneficial local where appropriate.
ATV, AMAC,
species known to mitigate
FME
against erosion
SUB-TOTAL - 16,900
98
Mobilization Traffic Apply lane configuration Lane configuration Daily Mitigation: 2,000
of workers, congestion/travel changes to affected roads and changes are being made Contractors,
equipment and delay along some streets. where applicable. FRSC (Federal
other materials major roads (Umaru Road Safety
into Abuja Yar’adua express Schedule mobilization Corps)
Technology road) exercise during off peak hours Monitoring:
Village Project to avoid delay in travel time FRSC
Site for other road users
Traffic
Social
Mobilization Nuisance to nearby Retrofit with suitable cost Retrofitting with vehicle Daily Mitigation: 1,200
of workers, residential areas and effective vehicle sound sound proof materials is Contractors
equipment and communities proofing materials/ being performed
other materials technologies. Monitoring:
into Abuja FME, NESREA
Noise Technology
Village Project Schedule work periods during
Site reasonable hours
Provision of facemasks to Provision of face masks

Mobilization surrounding community and appropriate PPEs are
Mitigation:
of workers, residents and project being provided.
Contractor,
equipment and personnel.
Exposure to health ATVFZCO
other materials
risks from fugitive Project Office
Social Air into Abuja Weekly 1,250
dusts and exhausts
Technology Restrict access of non-project Restriction barrier are
fumes. Monitoring:
Village Project personnel to work areas being installed.
NESREA, FME,
Site where dusts and emissions
FMH
exist/persist from project
works.
99
Land Land Conflict owing to ATV will carry out an Documented evidence of Monthly for 6months Mitigation: 20,000
Acquisition involuntary extensive enlightenment enlightenment carried out before and during ATVFZCO
displacement of program to inform showing method, construction phase Project Office
Chika, Pyakassa and communities on the aim, coverage and dates of
Aleita natives during scope and nature of the work programs Monitoring:
the construction AMAC, Federal
Ministry of Lands
and Housing,
GEM
Procurement Procurement Insecurity and ATV will carry out an Evidence of advert; Once before final Mitigation: -
decreased chances of extensive advertisement and Evidence of selection approval of engagement ATVFZCO
selecting best bidders will ensure that selected criteria; of contractor Project Office
contractor have experience Evidence of similar job
of working in the northern done in same Monitoring:
Nigeria – F.C.T circumstance; GEM
Construction Transportation Public Safety and Transportation of heavy Evidence of warning Weekly during pre- Mitigation: -
camping and movement Traffic congestion equipment will be carried out signal construction phase Contractor,
of heavy during off pick hours when it FRSC
equipment will not disturb public Log record of time of lorry
movement arrival/discharge of Monitoring:
Where movement cannot be equipment FRSC
avoided during work hour,
the contractor must attach a
warning signal
Displacement of Conduct survey to identify Independent Consultants One-off Mitigation: 40,000

Chika, Pyakassa and best available option for Compliance ATVFZCO
Aleita natives community resettlement. Project Office,
Involuntary GEM,
Resettlement Sensitize communities on Independent
Social Livelihood of Chika, involuntary requirements Consultant
Pyakassa and
Aleita natives Monitoring:
GEM, AMAC
100
Loss of cultural Mitigation:
heritage ATVFZCO 30,000
Project Office,
GEM,
Independent
Consultant
Conduct survey to identify
best available option for Monitoring:
community resettlement. One-off GEM
Independent Consultants
Disruptions to
Sensitize communities on Compliance Mitigation:
community activities
involuntary requirements ATVFZCO
Displacement of
Project Office,
community leaders
Involuntary GEM,
which may lead to
Resettlement Independent
clashes within the
of Chika, Consultant
community
Pyakassa and Grievance from
Aleita natives Monitoring:
Project Affected
GEM
Persons (PAPs)
Loss of livelihood Provision of alternative Mitigation: 200,000
Social Livelihood activities due to source of livelihood ATVFZCO
One-off
acquisition of Project Office,
agricultural land – GEM,
particularly in chika) Training of communities on ATVFZCO Project Independent
alternative livelihood Office Monthly Consultant
activities /GEM/Independent
Availability of grants for Consultants Compliance Monitoring:
Small and Medium GEM
Enterprises for Aleita, One-off
Pykassa and Chika
community members
Poor condition of Proper assessment of Mitigation:
selected resettlement resettlement area to find the ATVFZCO
area for the three (3) most suitable for the Project Office,
communities communities ATVFZCO Project GEM,
Office Independent
One-off
Liaise with Federal Ministry /GEM/Independent Consultant
of Lands and Consultants Compliance
Housing/Federal Ministry of Monitoring:
Works/ Federal Ministry of GEM
Power/
101
Education Provision of new/alternative Mitigation: -

Loss of school school ATVFZCO
environment Project Office
Liaise with Federal Ministry One-off
of Education Monitoring:
Displacement GEM. FMEdu
of GSS
Pyakassa, Inconvenience of Provision of school bus to Mitigation: 10,000
travel and possible convey students to new ATVFZCO
high transportation location Project Office
One-off
cost to new location ATVFZCO Project
Office /GEM Monitoring:
Compliance GEM
Loss of school Provision of alternative Mitigation:
Displacement
environment school ATVFZCO
of L.E.A
Project Office
Nursery and
Liaise with Federal Ministry
Primary
of Education Monitoring:
school, One-off
Social Loss of employment Re-location of teachers to GEM, FMEdu
Government
for teachers other schools by Federal
Junior
Ministry of Education
Secondary
School, Aleita
Vegetation Loss of economic Allow harvest of economic Mitigation: -
trees (e.g. cashew trees Contractor
plantation located in
Loss of flora Vegetation clearing is
cluster 2) Limit vegetation clearing to Monthly Monitoring:
and fauna limited to precise areas
minimum areas AMAC,
ATVFZCO
Project Office
Disruption of vehicle Adequate and timely Adequate and timely Mitigation: 2,500
Mobilization access where sensitization of PAPs; Lane sensitization program is ATVFZCO
of workers, construction works configuration being conducted Project Office
equipment and will be conducted Lane configuration
Others Monthly
other materials change have been made Monitoring:
into Abuja GEM
Technology
102
Village Project Monthly Mitigation: -

Site. Grievances and ATVFZCO
negative community Project Office,
Sensitization exercise are
perception about the Independent
conducted in all three (3)
project particularly Adequate and timely Consultant
communities
involuntary sensitization of PAPs Contractors
displacement of
natives Monitoring:
Compensation exercise
Conflict between Adequate compensation of Monthly GEM TBD
are conducted in all three
PAPs and project PAPs
(3) communities
implementing bodies
(ATV, GEM, FMTI
etc)
Destruction of Training and sensitization of Evidence of training in Mitigation: 17,000
properties personnel (drivers) in road road safety and traffic Independent
(public/private) safety and traffic regulations; regulations; Consultant
during vehicle and Monthly Contractors
equipment Ensure class “H” Evidence of class “H”
movement accreditation for heavy duty accreditation and mental Monitoring:
vehicle drivers, and screening for drivers ATVFZCO
Project Office
Mental status screening for
drivers.
Mobilization Displacement of the Adequate and timely Sensitization exercise is Monthly Mitigation: 8,000
of workers, three (3)Fulani sensitization of PAPs conducted ATVFZCO
equipment and settlements within Project Office
other materials the project site
Others
into Abuja Monitoring:
Technology GEM
Village Project
Site .
SUB-TOTAL – 331,950
103
Component Sub- Activities Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Monitoring Indicators Monitoring Institutional Costs
component Frequency Responsibility (USD)
Air Institute workers respiratory Institution of WRPP Weekly Mitigation: 6,750
Mobilization of
protection program (WRPP) Independent
workers,
Consultant,
equipment and Respiratory disease risks
Contractors
other materials from exposure to exhaust
into Abuja fumes of equipment and
Monitoring:
Technology vehicles
NESREA,
Village Project
ATVFZCO Project
Site
Office
Noise Institute noise control plan Institution of noise Weekly Mitigation: 3,750
Mobilization of
control plan Independent
workers,
Consultant,
equipment and
Contractors
other materials
Noise pollution
into Abuja
Monitoring:
Technology
NESREA,
Village Project
ATVFZCO Project
Site
Occupational Office
Health and Education and training of PAPs Education and training One-off ATVFZCO Project 20,000
Safety about the project and accident has been conducted Office, Contractor,
occurrence Independent
Consultant
Accidents involving Contractor(s) education and Training has been One-off ATVFZCO Project 9,000
Mobilization of pedestrians training on pedestrian safety conducted Office, Contractors,
workers, Independent
Accidents equipment and Consultant
other materials
Install safety signage Safety signage have Weekly ATVFZCO Project 1,800
into Abuja
been installed Office, Contractor
Technology
Village Project
Collapse of pipes, heavy Conduct haulage safety training Training has been One-off Contractor 3,500
Site
equipment etc. being conducted
conveyed to the project site Enhanced fastening of equipment Contractor(s) Weekly Contractor 700
to carriage section of vehicles. Compliance
Attack from dangerous Conduct safety and first aid Training has been One-off Contractor 7,000
Personnel
animals during de-vegetation training conducted
Safety
activities
PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE TOTAL – 401,350
104
Table 7.1 ESMP for Abuja Technology Village Project - CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Component Sub- Activities Potential Mitigation Measures Monitoring Monitoring Institutional Costs
component Impact Indicators Frequency Responsibility (USD)
Fuel switching- Fuel switching from Mitigation: 5,000
high- to low-carbon content fuels Contractors,
(where available) can be a relatively cost ATVFZCO Project
effective means to mitigate GHG Office
emissions during this phase.
Transition to renewable energy sources
i.e. solar energy (where applicable)
Compliance
Monitoring:
Operation of Energy efficiency- Machines e.g. to proffered ATVFZCO Project
GHG generator plants could be turned off
Climate equipment used mitigation Office, FME,
Emissions when not in use, in order to reduce Weekly
Change during the measures. NESREA
construction phase carbon emissions.
Multiple trips reduction: In order to

reduce vehicular movement and
subsequent increased carbon emissions.
Environment Hire vehicles, plants and equipment that

are in good condition (current models)
generally less than 3 yrs. old.
Operation of Costs may

equipment used Contractors not apply as
Fugitive and
during the Daily Mitigation: there is a
cement dusts Routine watering of the construction Compliance
construction phase Contractors water
sites
source
within the
project site
All construction Costs may
Air
works – digging of not apply as
trenches for laying of Contractors there is a
Fugitive and Routine watering of the construction Daily Mitigation:
water supply pipes; Compliance water
cement dusts sites Contractors
Construction of data source
centre, energy centre within the
and sewage water project site
treatment plant
105
Wet Right-of-Way to reduce dust QC and QA Monthly Mitigation:
production are in Contractors
practice
Test Procedures – Routine measuring Contractors Monthly Mitigation: 20,250

of HC and CO concentrations during Compliance Contractor(s)
construction works should be employed
for PMS powered vehicles. Diesel
Heavy equipment
(AGO) vehicles should be tested for
operations during
exhaust opacity during unloaded engine
construction,
Exhaust fumes, free acceleration periods.
welding and
hazardous gases
galvanizing works
(NOx, CO,
including the
Air SOx, SPM,),
installation of,
Oxides from
telecommunication
Environment welding Quality Control –Routine equipment Contractors Monthly Mitigation: 7,500
masts, oil tanks,
activities. efficiency audits Compliance Contractors
water tanks, within
Quality Assurance –Continuous
the ATV project site
training of contractor(s) personnel on air
quality management Monitoring:
Welding design consideration- Use of ATVFZCO Project
properly designed welds and best Office
practices in welding operations to ensure
lowest amount of welding fumes
106
Mechanical Release of Welding design consideration- Use of properly Contractor Weekly Mitigation: 7,500
installations and possible designed welds and best practices in welding Compliance Contractors
fittings hazardous operations to ensure lowest amount of welding
welding fumes fumes
during minor
welding works
Environment Air
Painting and wood Volatile vapour Ensure that paints and chemicals are always Contractor Weekly Mitigation: 1,000
treatment works release from covered when not in use. Compliance Contractors
exposed paints
and hazardous
chemicals into
the atmosphere
Contamination Disposal and/or accidental spillage of - sediment- Contractors Daily Mitigation: 5,500
of surface water laden run-off, chemicals, fuel into surface water Compliance Contractors
should be discouraged and prevented.
Monitoring: FME,
Implement site-specific waste management plans NESREA
Construction of water
supply system, Interruption of Do not hamper drainage of surface water Contractors Daily Mitigation:
surface water Compliance Contractors
flows during Plan for restoration measures after construction if
1,000
construction hampered.
Water Monitoring: FME,
quality/Hy NESREA
Environment
drology Increase in Contractors Mitigation:
Pathogenic water Provide sanitary mobile toilets; around the project Compliance One-off Contractors
coliform bacteria work areas as temporary support during
construction Monitoring: FME, 4,000
NESREA
Defecation into water
channels, surface water
Generation of Liaise with the municipal sewage collection Contractor Monthly Mitigation: 6,000
etc
sewage overtime authorities (AEPB) for collection and treatment of Compliance Contractor,
(from use of waste ATVFZCO Project
temporary Office
mobile toilets by
personnel Monitoring: AEPB,
FME
107
involved in civil
works)
Movement of heavy Surface soil Creation of limit zones Contractor’s Monthly Mitigation: 1000
vehicles/Stationary compaction thus Compliance Contractors
vehicles and affecting soil-
Soil/geolog equipment on project water balance
y site
Change in The design of the gravity flow system should as Contractor’s Monthly Mitigation: 1000
Installation of gravity natural contour much as possible take into account the natural Compliance Contractors
flow system - digging of the project contour of the project are to ensure alterations are
of trenches, excavation area minimized where possible.
works, laying of pipes
etc
All oil and lubricants should be sited on an Contractor Periodically Mitigation: 7,000
impervious base and should have drip pans Compliance Contractor
Contamination by oil
spills, lubricants and
The storage area should be far from water course
other chemicals
Pollution of soil
All containers should be clearly labelled
and groundwater
Old pipes should be removed to avoid Contractor One-off Mitigation: 8,000
contamination Compliance Contractor
Contamination of Soil
Soil/geolog by old existing pipes
Environment Inserting impermeable layer around existing old
y
pipes
Earthworks during Loss of top soil ; Ensure excavations/earthworks are minimized Compliance Monthly Contractors 1,200
construction works possible minor to and/or limited to desired areas
such as construction of moderate soil
energy center/data instability
center/water supply Contractors Weekly Contractors 4,000
system Exposure of soil Compliance
to erosion
108
Increase of the
gully erosion site
located in cluster
4 of the project
site
Erosion management Erosion Execution of major works that would impact on Contractor, Weekly Contractor -
management soil structure should be carried out during the dry Compliance
season. If done during the wet season, temporal
drain should precede the permanent drain so that
run-off from rain can be managed properly
Extensive noise Mitigation at source (for all activities)
site-specific A noise barrier or acoustic shield will reduce noise
by interrupting the propagation of sound waves. Mitigation:,
pollution as a
Contractors
result of on-
Schedule work periods not more than 8 hours for Contractors
Environment Noise All Construction work going Weekly 13,250
personnel operating heavy machines. Compliance Monitoring:
construction
ATVFZCO Project
works.
Office, FME
All Increase in waste Implement site-specific waste management plan Contractors Weekly Mitigation: 5,000
construction/construct generated Compliance Contractor, AEPB
Waste ion works Liaise with AEPB for effective waste management
Monitoring: SME,
AEPB, AMAC
De-vegetation activities Increase in waste Implement site-specific waste management plan Contractor’s Monthly Contractors 6,000
generated Compliance
Anti-weed treatment during aesthetic works
Dispersion of
Waste
pollens, Use of weeds for mulching to be applied on
unintentional farmlands
Environment transplanting of
weeds
Increased human faecal Increased human Provision of on-site sanitary facilities Contractors One-off Mitigation: -
waste faecal waste Compliance Contractors
Sanitary
Concerns
Monitoring:
AEPB
109
110
Loss of travel time due to heavy Lane configuration changes Contractors Weekly Mitigation:
All concentration of construction/project Compliance Contractor, FRSC
Construction vehicles on and off the construction site
works Monitoring: FRSC
Traffic (including Grievances and negative perception among ATV Monthly Mitigation: 8,500
movement of residents and commercial establishments Involve PAPs at certain levels Compliance Contractor, FRSC
heavy about the project of decision making and
equipment) implementation of activities Monitoring: FRSC
Social
Extensive civil Noise disturbances to surrounding Mitigation at source Compliance Monthly Mitigation: 3,000
work/construc communities and residents ATVFZCO Project
tion activities Inform residents prior to Office, Contractors
commencement of works
Noise
Monitoring:
Schedule high noise producing ATVFZCO Project
construction activities during Office
reasonable hours
Increase in sexual activities leading to Awareness campaign on sexual Conduct of Quarterly Mitigation: 3,750
possible spread of STIs diseases, and distribution of awareness ATVFZCO Project
male and female condoms. campaigns Office, Contractor
Monitoring: FMH,
Incidence of respiratory diseases (such as Distribute facemasks to Facemasks Monthly Mitigation: 2,000
silicosis,asthma, bronchitis) due to air residents as a means to reduce are being ATVFZCO Project
contamination by fugitive dusts and exhaust allergic reactions and distributed Office, Contractor
fumes respiratory disease occurrence.
Continuous Regular sprinkling of water in Monitoring: FMH
civil work during construction works.
Social Health activities and
steady influx
of workforce Hearing impairment for machinery Operators of heavy duty Evidence of Daily Contractor 1,000
operators machines must wear ear muffs procurement
of ear muffs
They must not exceed 8 Evidence of
working hours per day use of the
PPE
Record of
signing out
time
111
Waste Increase in waste generated from Ensure that all construction Contractors Weekly Mitigation: 5,000
management construction works wastes are gathered on-site and Compliance Contractors
disposed off according through
the available waste disposal Monitoring: FME,
Environme
operation in the project area. AEPB, AMAC
ntal
hygiene
Implementation of waste
and
management plan
aesthetics
Liaise with AEPB on waste
management
Behavior Implementatio Occurrence of on-site/off-site social vices Enforce and ensure proper Compliance Monthly Mitigation: 1,000
n of civil works (Fights, rape, harassments, theft, orientation on acceptable Contractors
and Rest vandalization, drug use etc. behaviors for construction
periods personnel on/off-site. Monitoring:
ATVFZCO Project
Office
Good work enforcement Mitigation: 500
Implementatio program Contractors
Project Conflicts between contractors,
n of all Conflict resolution
performanc communities etc may disrupt completion Compliance Monthly
construction Monitoring:
e of tasks. 1,500
phase activities Regular stakeholders meetings ATVFZCO Project
Office
Conflict Conflict Resistance from displaced community Mitigation:
Social residents ATVFZCO Contractors
Violent attacks and threat to lives of ATV Project
construction workers and project related Adequate on-site security Office One-off Monitoring: 30,000
persons /Contractor ATVFZCO Project
Compliance Office
Other Excavation of Grievances from affected persons Mapping out of burial plots to Contractor Mitigation: 5,000
graves during avoid damage to graves Compliance Contractors
construction
activities Careful excavation and possible Monitoring:
One-off
burying in a new location ATVFZCO Project
Office, AMAC
112
Electrical works Injuries, electric Institute and implement an electrical safety plan Contractors Monthly Independent
shocks, Compliance Consultant,
electrocution, Conduct electrical safety trainings Contractors
explosions,
Occupational flashovers, fires,
Personnel
Health and leakages, falls, release Monitoring: 240,000
safety
Safety of hazardous ATVFZCO
(electric, Project Office
electromagnetic)
energy, accidents,
death etc.
Develop and implement on-site occupational Monthly Independent
health and safety management plan; Routine Consultant,
OHS training and education; Conduct routine Contractors
JHA/PHA; Use of PPE; Establish electrical
safety program; Establish fall protection
program; Establish fleet safety management Monitoring:
Fugitive dust and
program; Establish and implement HazCom; ATVFZCO
fumes from grinding,
Conduct hazard identification, control and Project Office
welding, cutting, or
analysis; Establish fire prevention program; Use
brazing surfaces
material safety data sheets (MSDS); Employ
coated with lead-
hierarchy of controls procedure; Conduct
based paint; Silica
OHSRA, Cost Benefit Analysis(CBA), Return
dust from cutting
on Investment(ROI)/pay-back period analysis
concrete; solvent Independent
Occupational All construction vapours from Consultants/
Personnel
Health and activities adhesives, paints, Contractors
safety
Safety strippers, cleaning Compliance
Contractors should prepare and implement a Monthly Contractors
solvents, and spray
Community Affairs, Safety, Health,
coatings;
Environment and Security (CASHES) manual, Monitoring:
andisocyanate
to coordinate OHS issues during the ATVFZCO
vapours from spray
construction phase. Project Office
foam insulation and
certain spray paints
or coatings.
113
Mechanical works Mechanical/Machine Contractors/ Monthly
Accidents, Lead Independent
fumes and particles, Consultant
welding fumes, Compliance
Musculoskeletal
Disorders (MSDs)
Trench digging and Silica dust, Independent Monthly -
earthworks histoplasmosis, Consultants/
whole-body Contractors
Personnel
vibration, heat stress, Compliance
safety
noise, MSDs
Develop and implement on-site occupational
Installation of water Collapse, injuries, Independent Monthly
health and safety management plan; Routine
supply pipes, death, exposure to Consultants/
OHS training and education; Conduct routine
transmission cables dust MSDs, Contractors Mitigation:
JHA/PHA; Use of PPE; Establish electrical
and electrical wires electrocution, Compliance Independent
safety program; Establish fall protection
Consultants,
Occupational program; Establish ergonomics program;
Installation of Fall, fracture, death Contractors -
Health and Establish and implement HazCom; Conduct
telecommunication
Safety hazard identification, control and analysis;
masts Monitoring:
Establish fire prevention program; Use material
Personnel Installation of Base Collapse, injuries, Independent Monthly ATVFZCO
safety data sheets (MSDS); Employ hierarchy of
safety load plant (fluidized electrocution, death, Consultants/ Project Office
controls procedure; Conduct OHSRA, Cost
bed boiler) Exposure to PCB Contractors
Benefit Analysis (CBA), Return on
transformers and contaminated oils Compliance
Investment(ROI)/pay-back period analysis
generators
Construction of Falls, fractures, Independent Monthly -
attenuation pond death, MSDs Consultants/
Contractors
Compliance
Construction of MSDs, Falls, Independent Monthly

waste treatment fractures, death Consultants/
plant, oil tanks and Contractors
water tanks Compliance
CONSTRUCTION PHASE TOTAL – 405,450
114
Table 7.2 ESMP for Abuja Technology Village Project - OPERATION PHASE
Component Sub-component Activities Potential Mitigation Measures Monitoring Monitorin Institutional Costs
Impact Indicators g Responsibilit (USD)
Frequenc y
y
Use of Machines could be turned off when Daily 500
equipment, not in use, in order to reduce
Mitigation:
generator and Exhaust fumes emissions into the atmosphere.
ATVFZCO
processing from equipment,
ATVFZCO Project Project Office
plants diesel generator
Office Compliance
Vehicle plants and Establish and enforce emissions Monthly 200
Monitoring:
movement vehicles management controls
NESREA
within the
ATV
Operation of Foul smell Ensure treatment plant and drains are ATVFZCO Project Monthly Mitigation: 1000
waste water causing nuisance well aerated Office Compliance ATVFZCO
Air treatment to residents of Project Office
plant the ATV and Regular maintenance
surrounding Monitoring:
environment NESREA,
Environme FME
nt
Operation of Air emissions Monthly Mitigation:
fluidized bed (SOx, NOx) ATVFZCO
boiler (base Project Office
ATVFZCO Project
load plant) Regular and proper maintenance 10,000
Office Compliance
Operation of CO2 emissions Monitoring:
steam NESREA,
turbines FME
Dislodging of Soil and Ensure environmentally sound and Daily 8,500
diesel and oil groundwater safe storage and containment of oil ATVFZCO Project Mitigation:
used for contamination and diesel Office Compliance ATVFZCO
operation by oil, and diesel Project Office
Soil
Use of PCB Implementation of PCB management
Monitoring:
transformer contamination plan ATVFZCO Project NESREA,
Office Compliance FME
115
Noise Use of Noise nuisance Procure diesel generators with Administrative One-off Mitigation: 7,000
equipment, soundproofing. controls to minimize ATV
generator and noise levels
processing Soundproofing areas were processing ATVFZCO Project Monitoring:
plants plants are located Office Compliance NESREA,
FME, AMAC
Component Sub-component Activities Potential Mitigation Measures Monitoring Monitorin Institutional Costs
Impact Indicators g Responsibilit (USD)
Frequenc y
y
Dislodging of Water run-off Ensure that water run-off is ATVFZCO Project Monthly Mitigation: 2,000
diesel and oil (containing oil channeled properly (Treat before Office Compliance ATVFZCO
from tankers and diesel) into disposal into the environment) Project Office
into drums. surface and
groundwater Monitoring:
Water sampling and monitoring FME,
Potential surface NESREA
water and
groundwater
pollution
Leakage from Contamination Proper installation and maintenance ATVFZCO Project - Mitigation: 10,000
pipes water of surface and of pipes Office Compliance ATVFZCO
Water quality waste pipes/ ground water Project Office
and hydrology Drainage Water sampling and monitoring Monitoring:
from ATV FME,
Environme NESREA
nt
Operation of Stress on Water Drainage of treated water into the ATVFZCO Project Monthly Mitigation: -
water supply Supply – from surface water Office Compliance ATVFZCO
system tributaries of Project Office
river yakayaka Monitoring:
ATVFZCO
Project Office
Contamination Ensure the pipes are laid separately Contractor One-off ATVFZCO -
of potable water with a reasonable distance to avoid Compliance Project Office,
with waste water possible contamination Contractor
Regular assessment
Social and Dispose waste streams through the
Mitigation:
health concerns municipal waste management system
ATVFZCO
Waste arising due to in the project area. ATVFZCO Project
Waste Monthly Project Office, 3,500
generation poor waste Wastes should be collected, stored Office Compliance
AEPB
management and managed on-site. Measures to
practices ensure that wastes do not enter
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municipal water courses way must be Monitoring:

ensured at all times during operations AEPB,
and maintenance. AMAC
Implementation of waste
management plan
Component Sub- Activities Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Monitoring Monitorin Institutional Costs
component Indicators g Responsibility (USD)
Frequency
Disruptions to
ATV activities by
involuntarily
resettled
community
Grievance ATVFZCO
members ATVFZCO
Grievance Adequate security personnel and Project Office One-off 70,000
Project Office
equipment should be provided to Compliance
Violent attacks and
secure the ATV
threat to residents,
businesses and
users of the ATV
Traffic congestion Traffic control at congestion points ATVFZCO

Influx of
Traffic along Umaru Musa Project Office Daily Mitigation: FRSC 5,000
vehicles
Yar’dua expressway Compliance
Closure of civil Loss of Inform personnel that employment Proper One-off Mitigation:
Social
works employment is short-term prior to their engagement of Contractors
Employment -
engagement. service Monitoring:
documentation ATV
Waste Increase in Implementation of Waste One-off Mitigation:
generation generation of Management Plan ATVFZCO
Waste domestic and e- Project Office -
waste Liaise with AEPB for effective waste Monitoring:
management AEPB, AMAC
Operation of Stress on Water Regulate water supply during ATVFZCO Monthly -
water supply Supply – from different seasons. For example, Project Office
system – tributaries of river supply from surface water should be Compliance Mitigation:
Water
including yakayaka, may reduced during dry season ATVFZCO
Quality/Hydrol
attenuation affect downstream Project Office
ogy
pond users
Pollution of river Water Sampling and Monitoring Monthly -
yakayaka tributaries
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may lead to impact

on health on
downstream users
Power Operation of Power outage Regular maintenance and monitoring Monthly Mitigation: 7000
substation ATVFZCO
Project Office
Social Power Operation of Breakdown of Regular maintenance Monthly 6000
fluidized bed machines
boiler (base
load plant),
steam turbine
Operation of Fire outbreak Prevent overfilling of fuel/oil tank Monthly
energy center /Combustion of oil
tanks Maximum of 10 days storage of
fuel/oil
Fire Extinguishers located at

different points with the center
Mitigation:
At the design phase the fire station ATVFZCO
ATVFZCO
should be located close to the energy Project Office
Project Office
center for quick response to fire Compliance
outbreak
Telecommunica Operation of Transmission Monthly 10,000

tion data center failure Regular and proper maintenance of
Falling of masts due the data center and equipment
to poor installation
Health and Poor laying of Electrocution Electric wires should be properly laid One-off 5,000
Safety electric wires and should be separated from
transmission cables
Signage indicating location of buried

electric wires for health and safety
reasons
Implement on-site occupational ATVFZCO Project Monthly Mitigation: 225,000
health and safety management plan; Office Compliance Independent
Occupation Tasks Injuries,
Routine OHS training and Consultants
al Health Personnel safety implementati accidents,
education; Conduct routine
and Safety on deaths
JHA/PHA; Use of PPE; Establish Independent Monitoring:
electrical safety program; Consultants,
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Implement fall protection program; Contractors ATVFZCO

fleet safety management program; Compliance. Project Office
Implement HazCom; Conduct
hazard identification, control and
analysis; Implement fire prevention
program; Use material safety data
sheets (MSDS); Implement
hierarchy of controls procedure;
Conduct OHSRA, Cost Benefit
Analysis(CBA), Return on
Investment (ROI)/pay-back period
analysis. Exposure to potentially
PCBs contaminated oils
OPERATIONAL PHASE TOTAL – 355,700
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CHAPTER EIGHT STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION
8.1 Introduction
Stakeholder Consultation is essential in achieving the overarching objectives of any project

implementation and sustainable development. Participatory approaches have been shown to
enhance project policy, ownership and sustainability and to empower targeted beneficiaries in
particular, women, children and other vulnerable groups.
8.2 Stakeholders Consultation Objectives
Following desk reviews and field visits, the consultation objectives were identified as follows:
 To create general public awareness and understanding of the project, and ensure its
acceptance;
 To develop and maintain avenues of communication between the project proponent,
stakeholders and PAPs in order to ensure that their views and concerns are
incorporated into project design and implementation with the objectives of reducing,
mitigating or offsetting negative impacts and enhancing benefits from the project;
 To inform and discuss about the nature and scale of adverse impacts and to identify
and prioritize the mitigation measures for the impacts in a more transparent and direct
manner;
 To document the concerns raised by stakeholders and PAPs so that their views and
proposals are mainstreamed to formulate mitigation and benefit enhancement
measures; and
 To sensitize other MDAs, local authorities, Non-governmental Organizations
(NGOs) and Community Based Organizations (CBOs) about the project and solicit
their views and discuss their share of responsibility for the smooth functioning of the
overall project operations.
8.3 Envisaged Benefits
The envisaged benefits of the Stakeholders Consultation exercises were as follows:

 Provision of opportunities to foresee and/or resolve potential obstacles, constraints
and conflicts;
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 Means to identify and address potential negative social and environmental impacts as
envisaged by stakeholders;
 Opportunities to generate social learning and innovations based on local field
experiences;
 Means of ensuring that project benefits are distributed equitably, and;
 Strengthened working relations between stakeholders; The Federal Government of
Nigeria, Ministry of Trade and Investment, GEM PMU, the ATVFZCO, etc., and the
World Bank.
8.4 Stakeholder Engagement process
Following the review of the ESIA Terms of Reference and other relevant documents by the
team of Consultants and the assigned project staff of Abuja Technology Village, an existing
channel of public consultation in the local area was explored. The Consultant met with the
Traditional Rulers of Aleita, Chika and Pyakassa communities, who in turn, liaised with their
various secretaries and cabinet members to inform and organize the consultation exercises
with various group representatives from churches, market associations, youth associations etc
within the communities.
8.4.1 Stakeholders Identification
Stakeholders were identified based on the following categories:
 Direct project beneficiaries:
These include:
 Federal Government of Nigeria

 Ministry of Science and Technology
 Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment
 Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA)
 Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA)
 ATVFZCO
 Adversely Impacted groups

 Natives and residents of Pyakassa, Chika and Aleita communities
 Businesses in the communities
 Schools
 Churches and mosques
 Crop farmers and Fulani herdsmen
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 Project supporters and opponents

 Most of the opponents identified during the consultation exercises were
natives of the three communities.
 No supporters were identified within the project communities.
 Responsible bodies for carrying out planned activities:
 GEM Project Management Unit (PMU);
 Ministry of Trade and Investment
 ATVFZCO
 Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv),
 National Environmental Standards Regulatory Enforcement Agency
(NESREA),
 Abuja Environmental Protection Board (AEPB)
 Federal Road Safety Corps
 Security Agencies (Nigerian Security and Civil Defense Corps, Nigerian Police
and the Nigerian Army)
 Responsibility to provide financial and technical resources contributors

Financial: These include;
 Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment, GEM PMU
 Financial Institutions (e.g. Commercial Banks)
Technical:
 PMU, ESMF, RPF and Feasibility & Engineering Design Consultants.
8.5 Consultation Summary
The stakeholders’ consultation has been presented in 2 sections. Section A provides a summary
of the initial stakeholders’ consultation while Section B provides a matrix table summary of
these consultations.
The consultations were held as follows:
Community Venue Date

1. Aleita Chief’s palace 21st May, 2014
2. Chika Chief’s palace 26th May, 2014
3. Pyakasa Village Hall 14th June, 2014
8.5.1 Section A
The essence of the consultation was to ensure the effective participation and awareness of the
Project Affected Person’s (PAPs) and to document comments, suggestions and concerns
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raised with regards to the project and its sub-activities. The following were taken into full
account:
1) The project will have foreseeable environmental and social impacts, especially on both
the people and structures within the project area.
2) The project aims at impacting more positively to the environment and social
conditions, and will devise suitable, practicable mitigation measures through an ESMP
to reduce or eliminate negative impacts.
3) That positive impact of sub-project activities will be enhanced.
4) The priority concerns raised by Project Affected Persons (PAPs) and other relevant
stakeholders will be put into account and incorporated in project planning.
Major Points of the Initial Consultation
Key agenda points included:
1. Introduction of Stakeholders
2. Opening Remarks by GEM
3. Description of the Proposed Project by ATVFZCO
4. Overview of The ESMP and Public Consultation by Consultant
5. Questions, Comments and Remarks by other stakeholders
6. Closing Remark
The stakeholders were informed about the proposed project and the intention of the
proponent to carry out an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment to ensure the
environmental and socio-economic sustainability of the project, and to explore windows for
capacity development and market expansion. They were given opportunity to share their views
with regards to perception of the project and also to make meaningful contributions towards
the development and sustainability of the project. Issues regarding compensation and
resettlement were also discussed, as this was a major point resulting from a previous report
“Data on Enumeration and Compensation of Project Affected Persons (PAPs)” performed
in 2006.
The stakeholders’ questions were attended to while remarks and concerns were noted and
documented.
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8.5.2 Section B
Matrix table summary of Consultation at Aleita
Table 8.0 Documentation of the Consultation at Aleita

Introduction and The Consultant moderated the session and started by introducing the representative from GEM, who gave a brief insight to the GEM
Overview of GEM project and their role in the ATV project. The rep. from GEM explained the different components of the GEM intervention and highlighted
that the ATV project falls within the ICT component. He further stated that the World Bank is piloting this project through the Ministry
of Trade and Investment. He appealed to the community to cooperate with the consultants.
Overview of ATV A representative from the ATVFTCO gave an overview of the ATV project. He made known the prospect the project holds for the
community and the country at large. He stated that he project is about bringing Science Technology Park to allow children coming up to
come together and carry out research in order to better their lives. He called on the stakeholders to feel free and cooperate with the
consultants by stating their perception about the project and possible ways of mitigating envisaged negative impacts. He also elaborated
some of the benefits by stating that graduates from the community can participate in the project directly or indirectly either as contractors
or technicians. Others can also be used as unskilled labourers during the construction phase.
Overview of Public The Consultant further enlightened the stakeholders on the need for a stakeholder’s consultation. This he said is to inform the people about
Consultation the project, seek their contribution in the project development and planning, document the concerns raised by the stakeholders and also
develop a communication link between the clients and project community. He stated that his team would interact with the community and
encouraged them to ask questions and make contributions. The aim of the stakeholder consultation is to make sure that the concerns of
the Community are documented.
Overview of ESIA The Consultant continued by explaining that before the commencement of the project, World bank will need some documents, which will
and RAP help them in decision making about financing the project. The documents will include an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment,
which deals with the environmental, health, and socio-economic impacts of the project and a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) that deals
with Possible resettlement issues that may come with the project. He affirmed that World bank wants to ensure that this project will be of
great benefit to the community. The Consultant informed that there will be need to carry out baseline assessment of the physical, biological
and socio-economic assessment of the conditions of the project area. Overall essence is to ensure that there is no negative impact on the
environment, health and social status of the people after the work is done but if there are, there will be mitigation measures in place to
reduce or avoid it. Also, questionnaires will be given to them to fill. The community was informed that the intention of the Bank is to
enhance their livelihood rather than worsen it.
The Consultant handling the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), used the “Land Use Act” of Nigeria to explain how a land can be acquired
in the country but told the stakeholders that the World Bank will ensure adequate compensation of PAPs. He stated that it is required that
a committee be set up to represent the interest of the people and encouraged them to provide feedback.
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Remarks One of the stakeholders, Mr Shedrack asked how they would stand to benefit from the ATV Project since they will need to be relocated.
He enquired if any contributions will be required from the community and also the location of the resettlement area if eventually there is
need?
A cabinet member indicated that the Alieta people will become foreigners in the proposed resettlement area and there will be conflict
between them and the original settlers.
Response The Consultant answered saying that if the project is accepted by the people, that the PAPs will be adequately compensated and resettled
as is the process of World Bank before project implementation.
Conclusion The meeting was postponed to a later date as agitation grew severely amongst the stakeholders when the subject on Resettlement arose.
Threats were made to the ESIA and RAP Consultants. The Alieta people refused further talks with the Consultants.
Table 8.1 Documentation of Public consultation at Chika

Introduction The meeting was anchored by the Consultant. He started by welcoming and thanking the community for their presence. He requested that
one of the indigenes start up with an opening prayer, which was done. He informed the stakeholders that the meeting was convened to
inform them of the proposed ATV project and the benefits that will be derived from it. He also emphasized that their local opinion and
knowledge is very important to be captured during the consultation.
Overview of GEM The Consultant gave a general overview of the project. He informed the community that the Federal Government of Nigeria has asked the
and ATV World Bank for a loan to support GEM under the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment (GEM) for the ATV project. He urged all
participants to freely raise their opinions, inputs and suggestions, which will be clearly noted in the report.
Overview of Public The Consultant further enlightened the stakeholders on the need for a stakeholder’s consultation. He said it is to inform the people about
Consultation the project, seek their contribution in the project development and planning, document their concerns raised, and also develop a
communication link between the clients and project community. He stated that the team will interact with the community so they can feel
free to ask questions and make contributions. The aim is to make sure that the concerns of the Community are documented.
Overview of ESIA The Consultant pointed out that Environmental Social Impact Assessment is a tool used by the World Bank when financing a project to
and RAP mitigate whatever impacts the project is likely to have on the people and the environment. He emphatically said that the objectives of the
ESIA is to identify the biophysical, social, health and economic impacts that will be generated in Chika community. Therefore there will be
need to carry out some analysis on soil, water, air and distribute some questionnaires to gather baseline information.
The Consultant explained the purpose of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). He used the “Land Use Act” to explain how a land can be
acquired in the country but told the stakeholders that the World Bank will ensure that affected persons are adequacy compensated. He
stated that it is required that a committee be set up to represent the interest of the people and give them feedback. He also elaborated on
the importance of compensation. He went further to define that RAP is simply a systematic way of carrying the community along , working
125
together with them to prepare a report showing the problems and needs of the people, the way forward and to make sure their livelihood
and income is not reduced. He also stated that where a World bank project is accepted, the people stand to benefit from it.
Remarks The stakeholders asked why the project should be located in the community and why the ESIA is being carried out after pre-construction?
He noted that this procedure “is medicine after death” if the assessment is carried out after project commencement.
They would have preferred a round table talk before planning this project.
Emphasis was also led on the previous “Data on Enumeration and Compensation of Project Affected Persons (PAPs)” performed in 2006
and the failure to adequately compensate the PAPs. They said that they got as little as N1,500.00 ($ 11.7 [dollar equivalent of $128 in 2006]).
They also requested that;
1. Allowance for sit at home for their aged people
2. The community should be re-compensated and
3. The community should be integrate into their building plan
Response The Consultant said that through more consultations, all the practices involved in the ATV project including the Chika community will
work to a definite conclusion so that all may benefit from the development project and that the Chika natives should be assured that the
World Bank will be duly notified of their grievances and needs.
Conclusion The Chief of Chika assured the consultant that they would always get maximum cooperation from them and thanked them for seeing the
reason to involved them in the public consultation and pleaded that their homes should not be touched.
The meeting was adjourned to a later date.
Table 8.2 Documentation of Public consultation at Pyaka ssa

Introduction The community secretary apologized for the late commencement of the meeting and welcomed every one present at the meeting. He said
that the last meeting was not successful because the executive of Pyakasa community requested for an official letter from GEM addressed
to Pyakasa community, he affirmed that they have received the letter and to this regard welcomed the consultants for the meeting. The
letter was read by Engineer Thomas one of the Youth executive of Pyakasa community and also translated by him in their local dialect to
the hearing of the Chief and Elders.
Overview of GEM The Consultant gave a general overview of the project. He informed the community that the Federal Government of Nigeria has asked the
and ATV World Bank for a loan to support GEM under the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment for the ATV project. He urged all participants
to freely raise their opinions, inputs and suggestions, which will be clearly noted in the report.
Overview of Public The Consultant enlightened the stakeholders on the need for a stakeholder’s consultation. The consultant said it was to inform the people
Consultation about the project, seek their contribution in the project development and planning, document the concerns raised by the stakeholders and
126
also develop a communication link between the clients and project community. He encouraged the members of the community to raise
their concerns towards the project.
Overview of ESIA The Consultant pointed out that Environmental Social Impact Assessment is a tool used by the World Bank when financing a project to
and RAP mitigate whatever impacts the project is likely to have on the people and the environment. He emphatically said that the objectives of the
ESIA is to identify the biophysical, social, health and economic impacts that will be generated in Chika community. Therefore there will be
need to carry out some analysis on soil, water, air and distribute some questionnaires to gather baseline information.
The Consultant explained the purpose of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). He used the “Land Use Act” to explain how a land can be
acquired in the country but told the stakeholders that the World Bank will ensure that affected persons are adequacy compensated. He
stated that it is required that a committee be set up to represent the interest of the people and give them feedback. He also elaborated on
the importance of compensation. He went further to define that RAP is simply a systematic way of carrying the community along , working
together with them to prepare a report showing the problems and needs of the people, the way forward and to make sure their livelihood
and income is not reduced. He also stated that where a World bank project is accepted, the people stand to benefit from it.
Remarks The stakeholders enquired about the Project boundary. Also if the ATV project will encroach into their farm lands. They also enquired if
the project will provide employment to the community. They also wanted to know what will be the fate of those that may need to be
resettled.
Furthermore, they emphatically stated that they will not welcome any project that will affect their building.
Response The Consultant responded that the ATV project will lead to improved development in the environment. He also presented the proposed
ATV Project map to them, stating that during and after construction interested youth in the community will be engaged as skilled and
unskilled labourers.
Conclusion The Chief stated that they appreciate the effort by GEM, World Bank and the consultants in trying to bring development to their community.
However they will not welcome any development that will affect any member of their community, their properties and livelihood.
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Future Stakeholder consultations will be required throughout the construction of Abuja

Technology Village. These consultations maybe conducted during the various project
phases (Planning phase, Pre-construction, Construction and Operation).
• Stakholder consultations are critical at this phase in

Planning order to inform affected parties about the development,
Phase gather and document concerns raised, and apply
consultation information to project design.
• Consultations at this phase are necessary to ascertain

Pre- project appreciation on the part of stakholders, to udpdate
construction affected parties on any changes in project scope and design,
Phase and to ensure that all stakholders are still carried along.
Construction • As a major phase of the project, different levels of

Phase consultations will be required. Consutlations will be
based mainly on interractions between the activities
of the Contractors and the reactions of directly
affected parties (Chika, Alieta and Pyakassa)
Consultations will be useful at this stage to enquire about

Operation
project performance; stakeholders’ satisfaction; lessons
Phase learned; improvement and corrective actions, and
sustainability.
Figure 8.0 Consultation process for project phases
Photo 7 Consultations with some members of the communities
8.5.3 Constraints towards achieving Stakeholders Consultation Objective

Despite all plans and preparations to achieve the overall objective of the stakeholders’
consultation, the PAPs were highly non-cooperative. This, as noted during field visits, can
be attributed mainly to the previous issues the natives and residents of the three
communities (Aleita, Chika and Pyakassa) had with the implementation of the
Enumeration and Compensation of PAPs by the Federal Government in 2006. The
outcome of the compensation implementation has made these communities skeptical
128
towards any intervention that may have any impact on their homes and livelihood
activities. Concerns raised by the stakeholders include;
 That the resettlement area in Wasa put in place for them was quite below their
living standards.
 Most of the buildings in this resettlement area were already falling apart even
before moving in.
 There was no accessible road leading into or within the area.
 There were no social amenities such as pipe borne water and power supply.
 The location was also in the outskirts and occupied by the main indigenes of the
Wasa area which they believe may cause conflict in the future
 There was no available farmland in this area, and farming is the major source of
livelihood for the people of Chika, Aleita and Pyakasa.
Other constrains included;
 Difficulty in organizing meetings with community chiefs, council members, youth

representatives and women organizations. This was due to the reluctance shown
by the leaders towards the consultation.
 Unavailability of residents for meetings due to their claims of work and business
engagements during weekdays and farming during the weekends.
 The stakeholders were uncooperative towards the distribution of questionnaires
within their communities and warned against collecting samples without their
permission or supervision. This made it difficult to collect socio-economic data.
 Community stakeholders requested the presence of a representative of FCDA
before any further consultation can continue.
 Some stakeholders especially the consultation translators were unhelpful as they
failed to translate properly but rather portrayed a negative overview of the project
8.5.4 Further consultations with Federal Capital Territory Development Authority

Sequel to the on-going consideration on the complains/concerns by the stakeholders as it
relates to proposed Abuja Technology Village, the Consultant embarked on an in-depth
consultation with the Federal Capital Territory Development Authority (FCDA) to
ascertain their position on the expressed concerns raised by the communities. Summaries
of the feedback obtained from them are below underscored.
The Federal Capital Territory Development Authority stated that in 2005 they made
provision of building apartments at Wasa Area as resettlement homes for the Aleita and
Chyka communities due to an on-going expansion planed for the communities. However
the Wasa area lacked basic amenities such as access roads, electricity and water, which they
indicated will be made available to the communities. This was however not provided
because that was a problem of budgetary allocation to the planned resettlement area.
129
For Pyakasa community, the FCDA spokesperson acknowledged that the community was
not included in the compensation budget carried-out in 2005, the reason attributed to their
large number of population. The FCDA spokesperson said that the buildings in Wasa was
carried out during the previous administration of Mallam El-Rufi’s (Federal Capital
Territory Minister) after which none of his predecessors have been able to make additional
inputs in the yearly budget.
The Authority spokesperson also said that there has been some form of aid provided by
Non-Governmental Organizations in providing some infrastructures to the Wasa area
such as boreholes, soliciting for cooperation to community to relocate.
On the account of grievance, the spokesperson informed that they have received some
Grievances from the members of the communities. The highly critical one is for them to
be included in the design of the any project that will be carried out in their communities
rather for them to be resettled.
The Authority also informed on the issues with compensation for the farmland
entitlement. They stated that compensation was made for farm produce but not land as is
stipulated in Nigerian Land act. However, buildings and houses were compensated with
replacement of houses and buildings at the Wasa resettlement area.
The FCTA also stated their willingness to work with ATV and suggested that they (ATV)
should key into their already existing and partly implemented RAP either by taking up
some of the development designs and erecting structures or infrastructures.
130
CHAPTER NINE RECOMMENDATION

Based on the ESIA carried out, the Consultant recommends the following:
 That the project design for the ATV project integrates the three project
communities, Aleita, Chika and Pyakassa into the realization of the project. This
could eliminate or reduce the negative impacts associated with the ATV initiative.
 Redesigning the scope of work for the project design in a manner that the already
inhabited project area will not be affected during or after the civil works.
 Reassessment of the compensation plans for the lands that were acquired in 2006
during the implementation of the enumeration and compensation done for the
ATV project.
 Acquire more land in an uninhabited area adequate for the development of the
recreation hub allocated for Aleita and Chika, and the biotechnology farm allocated
for Pyakassa communities.
131
ANNEXES
132
Annex 1 Attendance List during consultation
133
Alieta Community
134
Chika community
135
Annex 2 General Environmental and Social Management

Conditions for Construction Contracts
General
1. In addition to these general conditions, the Contractor shall comply with any
specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) or Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP) for the works he is responsible for. The Contractor
shall inform himself about such an EMP, and prepare his work strategy and plan
to fully take into account relevant provisions of that EMP. If the Contractor fails
to implement the approved EMP after written instruction by the Supervising
Engineer (SE) to fulfill his obligation within the requested time, the Owner
reserves the right to arrange through the SE for execution of the missing action
by a third party on account of the Contractor.
2. Notwithstanding the Contractor’s obligation under the above clause, the

Contractor shall implement all measures necessary to avoid undesirable adverse
environmental and social impacts wherever possible, restore work sites to
acceptable standards, and abide by any environmental performance requirements
specified in an EMP. In general these measures shall include but not be limited
to:
(a) Minimize the effect of dust on the surrounding environment resulting

from earth mixing sites, vibrating equipment, temporary access roads,
etc. to ensure safety, health and the protection of workers and
communities living in the vicinity dust producing activities.
(b) Ensure that noise levels emanating from machinery, vehicles and noisy
construction activities (e.g. excavation, blasting) are kept at a minimum
for the safety, health and protection of workers within the vicinity of
high noise levels and nearby communities.
(c) Ensure that existing water flow regimes in rivers, streams and other
natural or irrigation channels is maintained and/or re-established where
they are disrupted due to works being carried out.
(d) Prevent oils, lubricants and waste water used or produced during the
execution of works from entering into rivers, streams, irrigation
channels and other natural water bodies/reservoirs, and also ensure that
stagnant water in uncovered borrow pits is treated in the best way to
avoid creating possible breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
(e) Prevent and minimize the impacts of quarrying, earth borrowing, piling
and building of temporary construction camps and access roads on the
biophysical environment including protected areas and arable lands;
local communities and their settlements. In as much as possible
136
restore/rehabilitate all sites to acceptable standards.

(f) Upon discovery of ancient heritage, relics or anything that might or
believed to be of archeological or historical importance during the
execution of works, immediately report such findings to the SE so that
the appropriate authorities may be expeditiously contacted for
fulfillment of the measures aimed at protecting such historical or
archaeological resources.
(g) Discourage construction workers from engaging in the exploitation of
natural resources such as hunting, fishing, and collection of forest
products or any other activity that might have a negative impact on the
social and economic welfare of the local communities.
(h) Implement soil erosion control measures in order to avoid surface run
off and prevents siltation, etc.
(i) Ensure that garbage, sanitation and drinking water facilities are provided
in construction workers camps.
(j) Ensure that, in as much as possible, local materials are used to avoid
importation of foreign material and long distance transportation.
(k) Ensure public safety, and meet traffic safety requirements for the
operation of work to avoid accidents.
3. The Contractor shall indicate the period within which he/she shall maintain
status on site after completion of civil works to ensure that significant adverse
impacts arising from such works have been appropriately addressed.
4. The Contractor shall adhere to the proposed activity implementation schedule
and the monitoring plan / strategy to ensure effective feedback of monitoring
information to project management so that impact management can be
implemented properly, and if necessary, adapt to changing and unforeseen
conditions.
5. Besides the regular inspection of the sites by the SE for adherence to the contract
conditions and specifications, the Owner may appoint an Inspector to oversee
the compliance with these environmental conditions and any proposed
mitigation measures. State environmental authorities may carry out similar
inspection duties. In all cases, as directed by the SE, the Contractor shall comply
with directives from such inspectors to implement measures required to ensure
the adequacy rehabilitation measures carried out on the bio-physical
environment and compensation for socio-economic disruption resulting from
implementation of any works.
Worksite/Campsite Waste Management
6. All vessels (drums, containers, bags, etc.) containing oil/fuel/construction

materials and other hazardous chemicals shall be bunded in order to contain
spillage. All waste containers, litter and any other waste generated during the
construction shall be collected and disposed off at designated disposal sites in
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line with applicable government waste management regulations.

7. All drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be
captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line
with applicable government water pollution control regulations.
8. Used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed off appropriately at
designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally.
9. Entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels
or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of
soil erosion and water pollution.
10. Construction waste shall not be left in stockpiles along the road, but removed
and reused or disposed of on a daily basis.
11. If disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas,
approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in
material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil
materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and
planted with species indigenous to the locality.
Material Excavation and Deposit
12. The Contractor shall obtain appropriate licenses/permits from relevant

authorities to operate quarries or borrow areas.
13. The location of quarries and borrow areas shall be subject to approval by relevant
local and national authorities, including traditional authorities if the land on
which the quarry or borrow areas fall in traditional land.
14. New extraction sites:
a) Shall not be located in the vicinity of settlement areas, cultural sites, wetlands
or any other valued ecosystem component, or on high or steep ground or in
areas of high scenic value, and shall not be located less than 1km from such
areas.
b) Shall not be located adjacent to stream channels wherever possible to avoid
siltation of river channels. Where they are located near water sources, borrow
pits and perimeter drains shall surround quarry sites.
c) Shall not be located in archaeological areas. Excavations in the vicinity of
such areas shall proceed with great care and shall be done in the presence of
government authorities having a mandate for their protection.
d) Shall not be located in forest reserves. However, where there are no other
alternatives, permission shall be obtained from the appropriate authorities
and an environmental impact study shall be conducted.
e) Shall be easily rehabilitated. Areas with minimal vegetation cover such as flat
and bare ground, or areas covered with grass only or covered with shrubs
less than 1.5m in height, are preferred.
f) Shall have clearly demarcated and marked boundaries to minimize vegetation
clearing.
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15. Vegetation clearing shall be restricted to the area required for safe operation of
construction work. Vegetation clearing shall not be done more than two months
in advance of operations.
16. Stockpile areas shall be located in areas where trees can act as buffers to prevent
dust pollution. Perimeter drains shall be built around stockpile areas. Sediment
and other pollutant traps shall be located at drainage exits from workings.
17. The Contractor shall deposit any excess material in accordance with the
principles of these general conditions, and any applicable EMP, in areas
approved by local authorities and/or the SE.
18. Areas for depositing hazardous materials such as contaminated liquid and solid
materials shall be approved by the SE and appropriate local and/or national
authorities before the commencement of work. Use of existing, approved sites
shall be preferred over the establishment of new sites.
Rehabilitation and Soil Erosion Prevention
19. To the extent practicable, the Contractor shall rehabilitate the site progressively
so that the rate of rehabilitation is similar to the rate of construction.
20. Always remove and retain topsoil for subsequent rehabilitation. Soils shall not
be stripped when they are wet as this can lead to soil compaction and loss of
structure.
21. Topsoil shall not be stored in large heaps. Low mounds of no more than 1 to
2m high are recommended.
22. Re-vegetate stockpiles to protect the soil from erosion, discourage weeds and
maintain an active population of beneficial soil microbes.
23. Locate stockpiles where they will not be disturbed by future construction
activities.
24. To the extent practicable, reinstate natural drainage patterns where they have
been altered or impaired.
25. Remove toxic materials and dispose of them in designated sites. Backfill
excavated areas with soils or overburden that is free of foreign material that
could pollute groundwater and soil.
26. Identify potentially toxic overburden and screen with suitable material to prevent
mobilization of toxins.
27. Ensure reshaped land is formed so as to be inherently stable, adequately drained
and suitable for the desired long-term land use, and allow natural regeneration
of vegetation.
28. Minimize the long-term visual impact by creating landforms that are compatible
with the adjacent landscape.
29. Minimize erosion by wind and water both during and after the process of
reinstatement.
30. Compacted surfaces shall be deep ripped to relieve compaction unless
subsurface conditions dictate otherwise.
31. Re-vegetate with plant species that will control erosion, provide vegetative
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diversity and, through succession, contribute to a resilient ecosystem. The choice

of plant species for rehabilitation shall be done in consultation with local
research institutions, forest department and the local people.
Water Resources Management
32. The Contractor shall at all costs avoid conflicting with water demands of local
communities.
33. Abstraction of both surface and underground water shall only be done with the
consultation of the local community and after obtaining a permit from the
relevant Water Authority.
34. Abstraction of water from wetlands shall be avoided. Where necessary, authority
has to be obtained from relevant authorities.
35. Temporary damming of streams and rivers shall be done in such a way avoids
disrupting water supplies to communities downstream, and maintains the
ecological balance of the river system.
36. No construction water containing spoils or site effluent, especially cement and
oil, shall be allowed to flow into natural water drainage courses.
37. Wash water from washing out of equipment shall not be discharged into water
courses or road drains.
38. Site spoils and temporary stockpiles shall be located away from the drainage
system, and surface run off shall be directed away from stockpiles to prevent
erosion.
Traffic Management
39. Location of access roads/detours shall be done in consultation with the local
community especially in important or sensitive environments. Access roads shall
not traverse wetland areas.
40. Upon the completion of civil works, all access roads shall be ripped and
rehabilitated.
41. Access roads shall be sprinkled with water at least five times a day in settled areas,
and three times in unsettled areas, to suppress dust emissions.
Blasting
42. Blasting activities shall not take place less than 2km from settlement areas,
cultural sites, or wetlands without the permission of the SE.
43. Blasting activities shall be done during working hours, and local communities
shall be consulted on the proposed blasting times.
44. Noise levels reaching the communities from blasting activities shall not exceed
90 decibels.
Disposal of Unusable Elements
45. Unusable materials and construction elements such as electro-mechanical

140
equipment, pipes, accessories and demolished structures will be disposed of in a

manner approved by the SE. The Contractor has to agree with the SE which
elements are to be surrendered to the Client’s premises, which will be recycled
or reused, and which will be disposed of at approved landfill sites.
46. As far as possible, abandoned pipelines shall remain in place. Where for any
reason no alternative alignment for the new pipeline is possible, the old pipes
shall be safely removed and stored at a safe place to be agreed upon with the SE
and the local authorities concerned.
47. AC-pipes as well as broken parts thereof have to be treated as hazardous material
and disposed of as specified above.
48. Unsuitable and demolished elements shall be dismantled to a size fitting on
ordinary trucks for transport.
Health and Safety
49. In advance of the construction work, the Contractor shall mount an awareness
and hygiene campaign. Workers and local residents shall be sensitized on health
risks particularly of AIDS.
50. Adequate road signs to warn pedestrians and motorists of construction activities,
diversions, etc. shall be provided at appropriate points.
51. Construction vehicles shall not exceed maximum speed limit of 40km per hour.
Repair of Private Property
52. Should the Contractor, deliberately or accidentally, damage private property, he

shall repair the property to the owner’s satisfaction and at his own cost. For each
repair, the Contractor shall obtain from the owner a certificate that the damage
has been made good satisfactorily in order to indemnify the Client from
subsequent claims.
53. In cases where compensation for inconveniences, damage of assets etc. are
claimed by the owner, the Client has to be informed by the Contractor through
the SE. This compensation is in general settled under the responsibility of the
Client before signing the Contract. In unforeseeable cases, the respective
administrative entities of the Client will take care of compensation.
Contractor’s Health, Safety and Environment Management Plan (HSE-MP)
54. Within 6 weeks of signing the Contract, the Contractor shall prepare an EHS-
MP to ensure the adequate management of the health, safety, environmental and
social aspects of the works, including implementation of the requirements of
these general conditions and any specific requirements of an EMP for the works.
The Contractor’s EHS-MP will serve two main purposes:
• For the Contractor, for internal purposes, to ensure that all measures are in place for
adequate HSE management, and as an operational manual for his staff.
• For the Client, supported where necessary by a SE, to ensure that the Contractor is
141
fully prepared for the adequate management of the HSE aspects of the project, and
as a basis for monitoring of the Contractor’s HSE performance.
55. The Contractor’s EHS-MP shall provide at least:
• a description of procedures and methods for complying with these general

environmental management conditions, and any specific conditions specified
in an EMP;
• a description of specific mitigation measures that will be implemented in order
to minimize adverse impacts;
• a description of all planned monitoring activities (e.g. sediment discharges
from borrow areas) and the reporting thereof; and
• the internal organizational, management and reporting mechanisms put in
place for such.
56. The Contractor’s EHS-MP will be reviewed and approved by the Client before
start of the works. This review should demonstrate if the Contractor’s EHS-MP
covers all of the identified impacts, and has defined appropriate measures to
counteract any potential impacts.
HSE Reporting
57. The Contractor shall prepare bi-weekly progress reports to the SE on

compliance with these general conditions, the project EMP if any, and his own
EHS-MP. An example format for a Contractor HSE report is given below. It is
expected that the Contractor’s reports will include information on:
• HSE management actions/measures taken, including approvals sought from local

or national authorities;
• Problems encountered in relation to HSE aspects (incidents, including delays,
cost consequences, etc. as a result thereof);
• Lack of compliance with contract requirements on the part of the Contractor;
• Changes of assumptions, conditions, measures, designs and actual works in
relation to
HSE aspects; and
• Observations, concerns raised and/or decisions taken with regard to HSE
management during site meetings.
58. It is advisable that reporting of significant HSE incidents be done “as soon as
practicable”. Such incident reporting shall therefore be done individually. Also,
it is advisable that the Contractor keeps his own records on health, safety and
welfare of persons, and damage to property. It is advisable to include such
records, as well as copies of incident reports, as appendixes to the bi-weekly
reports. Example formats for an incident notification and detailed report are
given below. Details of HSE performance will be reported to the Client through
142
the SE’s reports to the Client.
Training of Contractor’s Personnel
59. The Contractor shall provide sufficient training to his own personnel to ensure
that they are all aware of the relevant aspects of these general conditions, any
project EMP, and his own EHS- MP, and are able to fulfill their expected roles
and functions. Specific training should be provided to those employees that have
particular responsibilities associated with the implementation of the EHS-MP.
General topics should be:
 HSE in general (working procedures); emergency procedures; and social and cultural
aspects (awareness raising on social issues).
Cost of Compliance
60. It is expected that compliance with these conditions is already part of standard
good workmanship and state of art as generally required under this Contract.
The item “Compliance with Environmental Management Conditions” in the Bill
of Quantities covers these costs. No other payments will be made to the
Contractor for compliance with any request to avoid and/or mitigate an
avoidable HSE impact.
Example Format: HSE Report
Contract: Period of reporting: HSE management actions/measures: Summarize

HSE management actions/measures taken during period of reporting, including planning
and management activities (e.g. risk and impact assessments), HSE training, specific design
and work measures taken, etc.
HSE incidents:
Report on any problems encountered in relation to HSE aspects, including its
consequences (delays, costs) and corrective measures taken. Include relevant incident
reports.
HSE compliance:
Report on compliance with Contract HSE conditions, including any cases of non-
compliance.
Changes:
Report on any changes of assumptions, conditions, measures, designs and actual works in
relation to HSE aspects.
Concerns and observations:

Report on any observations, concerns raised and/or decisions taken with regard to HSE
143
management during site meetings and visits.
Signature (Name, Title Date):

Contractor Representative
Example Format: HSE Incident Notification

Provide within 24 hrs to the Supervising Engineer
Originators Reference No: Date of Incident:

Time:
Location of incident: Name of Person(s) involved:
Employing Company:
Type of Incident:
Description of Incident:
Where, when, what, how, who, operation in progress at the time (only factual)
Immediate Action:
Immediate remedial action and actions taken to prevent reoccurrence or escalation
Signature (Name, Title, Date):

Contractor Representative
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Annex 3 Letters from GEM
145
146
147

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SFG2001

Environmental and Social

Growth and Employment (GEM) Project

Prepared for the Growth and Employment Project Management

Environmental and Social

Prepared for Growth & Employment,

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER TWO POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 10

CHAPTER THREE PROJECT DESCRIPTION 20

3.5 PRODUCTION PROCESS 23

CHAPTER FOUR DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE

CHAPTER FIVE PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 62

CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY OF IMPACTS FOR THE ABUJA TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE 65

CHAPTER SEVEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 94

CHAPTER EIGHT STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 120

CHAPTER NINE RECOMMENDATION 131

ANNEX 2 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS FOR

ANNEX 3 LETTERS FROM GEM 145

Table 6.0 Likelihood of Occurrence of Impact ...................................................................... 67

Photo 1 Fulani cattle rearers within the project area ............................................................. 38

SMSE Small and Medium Scale Enterprise

GEM is presently pioneering the implementation of ICT, and wholesale/retail,

The GEM project consist of 3 components:

Component 1: Improved Investment Climate

Subcomponent 1A Reduced cost and Transparent Serviced land availability

Component 2: Increase Competitiveness of Strategic Clusters

Subcomponent 2A Information Communication and Technology (ICT)

Component 3: Project Management, Monitoring, Evaluation and Communication

Aim of the ESIA

Scope of the Study

 Legal and Administrative framework

Technical Approach and Methodology

 Federal Government of Nigeria EIA Law and subsequent Federal Ministry of

 Guidelines documented under the World Bank Environmental Assessment

POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

The development project is rated a Category B (equivalent to Category 2 in the Nigeria

 Information and Communications Technology

The Abuja Technology Village project shall be implemented in phases as follows:

Phase 2: (Year 2011-2020): At this phase, the development of the independent

Major Features and Installations

This will include:

DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND

Overview of the project area

i. Alternatives Considered to Minimize or eliminate the Option of Resettlement

SUMMARY OF IMPACTS FOR THE ABUJA TECHNOLOGY VILLAGE

Beneficial Impacts of the Proposed Abuja Technology Village

 Increased investment and poverty reduction

 Improved competitiveness of strategic clusters could help to increase the incomes

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Stakeholder Consultation is essential in achieving the overarching objectives of any project

Constraints towards achieving Stakeholders Consultation Objective

Concerns raised by the stakeholders include;

 Difficulty in organizing meetings with community chiefs, council members, youth

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

The Project Development Objective (PDO) of GEM is to increase growth and

The GEM project consist of 3 components:

Component 1: Improved Investment Climate

Component 2: Increase Competitiveness of Strategic Clusters

Component 3: Project Management, Monitoring, Evaluation and Communication

The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) is already investing in critical infrastructure

This ESIA is prepared in compliance to the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN)

A Consultant has been engaged to carry out this ESIA study.

1.2 Aim of the ESIA