SUMMARY OF TENSE

1.PRESENT CONTINUES TENSE

FUNCTION :

 To tell about action happening at the moment of speaking

 To tell activity continuing only for a limited period of time
 To expres an action which is actually being done at this time

Adverb Time :

 Now
 Right now
 Today
 this morning

FURMULATION :
( + ) : Subject ( S ) + Tobe ( Am,is,are ) + Verb ing + Object
Ex : I am reading a book
( - ) : Subject (S) + Tobe ( am,is,are ) + Not + Verb ing
Ex : I am not reading a book
( ? ) : Tobe ( am,is,are ) + Subject ( S ) + Verb ing
Ex : is she eating my cake now ?

2. PAST CONTINUES TENSE

FUNCTION :
 To describe conditions thatexisted in the past
Was : I,She.He,it
Were : You,They,we

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FORMULATION :
(+) Subject(S) + Be (Was/Were)+Verb ing
Ex : I Was Sleeping
( - ) Subject (S) + Be (Was/Were)+ Not + Verb ing
Ex: I Was not sleeping
( ? ) Be (Was/Were) + Subject ( S ) + Verb ing
Ex : was I sleeping?

3. PAST TENSE
Function:
1. To Tell activity in the past:
Adverb time :
 Yesterday
 Last day
 Last week
 Last mounth
 Last year
 This morning
 This afternoon
 This evening
 Two day ago
Was : I,SHE,HE,It,Ani,A cat,A student
Were : You,We,They,Ani andtono,Doctors,nurses

FORMULATION: Verbal
(+) : Subject (S)+Verb+ Object
Ex : A docter cheked patients last day
( - ) : Subject(S) + Did + Not + Verb + Object
Ex: A docter didn’t check patient lastday
( ? ) : Did + Subject + Verb + Object
Ex : Did a docter check patient last day

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FORMULATION : Nominal
(+) :Subject (S)+ Tobe (Was/Were)+ Nominal
Ex :She was at home last night
(-) : Subject(S )+ Tobe (Was/Were)+ Not + Nominal
Ex: she was not at home last night
(?) : Tobe (Was/Were)+Subject+ Nominal
Ex: Were you at home last night

4. PRESENT FUTURE TENSE

FUNCTION :

 Often called will because, the modal auxillary verb in this sentences is will

Adverb Time :

 Tomorrow
 Next week
 Next time
 Next year

FORMULATION :Verbal

(+) : Subject (S) + Will/Shall+ Verb 1+ Object

Ex : I will go to jakarta tomorow
( -) : S+ Will/Shall +Not + Verb 1+ Object
Ex : I will not go to jakarta tomorow
( ? ) : Will/Shall+ S+Verb 1+ Object
Ex: Will you go to mall to night?

FORMULATION: Nominal
(+) : Subject (S)+ Will/Shall+Be + Verb 1+ Object
Ex : I will be at home to night
( - ) : Subject(S)+ Will/Shall +Not +Be + Verb 1+ Object
Ex : I will not be at home to night
( ? ) : Will/Shall+ S+ Be +Verb 1+ Object
Ex: Will you be at home to night?
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5. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

FUNCTION :
 To tell day activity
 To tell activity withaut time
 To tell activity that time

ADVERB OF TIME :
 Today in the morning
 In the afternoon
 In the evening
 Every day
 Every month
 Every year

FORMULATION : ( VERBAL )
(+) : Subjek ( S ) + Verb 1 + Object (O)
Ex: She works in hospital every day
(- ) : Subject ( S ) + Do/Does not + Verb 1 +object ( O)
Ex: She Doesn’t works in hospital
(?) : Do/Does + Subject ( S ) + Verb 1 + Object ( O )
Ex: Does she works in hospital every day

FORMULATION : ( NOMINAL)
(+) : Subject ( S ) + Tobe
Ex: I am a Nurse
(-) : Subject ( S ) + Do/Does + Not + Verb 1 + Object
Ex : I am not a nurse
(?) : Tobe + Subject (S) + Nominal
Ex: Are you at home ?

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6. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

FUNCTION :

 To describe action that began in the past and continues in to the present
 To suggest that a past action still has an effect something happening in the present

FORMULATION :((Verbal )

( + ) : Subject ( S ) + Have/ has + Verb 3 + O bject

Ex : I have done assigment
( - ) : Subject (S) + Have/has + Not + Verb 3 + object
Ex : I haven’t done assigment
( ? ) : Have /has + Subject (S) + Verb 3 + Object
Ex : Have you done assigment

FORMULATION : ((Nominal )

( + ) : S + Have/Has + Been + Nominal

Ex : I have been at home since afternoon
( - ) : S + Have/Has + Not + Been + Nominal
Ex : I Haven’t been a nurse
(?) : Have /has + Subject + Been + Nominal
Ex : Have you been a nurse?