A list of normal radiological reference values is as follows:

 adrenal gland: <1 cm thick, 4-6 cm length

 aorta: <3 cm diameter
 appendix: on CT <6 mm calibre
 atlantodental distance
o adults: <3 mm
o children: <5 mm
 azygous vein: on erect chest x-ray <10 mm diameter
 bladder wall: <3 mm (well-distended state)
 Boehler angle: 20-40o
 capitolunate angle: <30o
 carinal angle: <60-70o
 colon:
o lumen: <5 cm
o wall: <3 mm
 common bile duct
o <7 mm and add 1 mm for each decade over age of 60 years
o up to 10 mm postcholecystectomy
 diaphragm (right dome is usually higher than left)
o difference between right and left: <3 cm
 endometrial thickness
o premenopausal: 3-15 mm
o postmenopausal: <6 mm
 oesophagus wall: <3 mm (with distended lumen)
 gallbladder wall: <3 mm (well-distended)
 heart (cardiothoracic ratio): <0.55
 inferior vena cava: <28 mm
 internal carotid artery:
o peak systolic velocity (PSV): <125 cm/s
o end diastolic velocity (EDV): <40 cm/s
 kidneys : 8-10 cm x 4-6 cm
 liver span: <15 cm
 lymph nodes
o mediastinal: <10mm in short axis
o retrocrural: <6mm in short axis
 ovarian follicle: <2.5-3 cm
 ovaries: volume
o premenopausal: <18 cc
o postmenopausal: <8 cc
 paraspinal lines:
o left: <10 mm wide
o right: <3 mm wide
 paratracheal stripe: <5 mm
 pancreatic duct
o head: 3.5 mm
o body: 2.5 mm
o tail: 1.5 mm
 portal vein: <13 mm diameter
 prevertebral soft tissue thickness (lateral c-spine x-ray):
o 7 mm at C2
o 2 cm at C7
o easiest way to remember is "7 at 2 and 2 at 7"
 prostate volume: <25-30 cc
 pulmonary artery
o descending branch of right pulmonary artery:
 <16 mm (males)
 <15 mm (females)
o main pulmonary artery: <29 mm
 rectum: wall thickness <5 mm
 scapholunate angle: 30-60o
 small bowel
o lumen: <3 cm
o wall: <3 mm
 spleen: <12 cm
 splenic vein: <10 mm diameter
 testis
o vein: <2 mm diameter
o size: <5 x 3 x 3 cm (volume: 12.5-19 cc)
 thyroid: <2 cm anteroposterior dimension
 trachea
o chest x-ray:
 <25 mm (males)
 <21 mm (females)
 ureter: 30-34 cm long, 2-8 mm diameter
 uterus
o prepubescent: length ≤3 cm, diameter ~1 cm
o nulliparous: length ≤8 cm, diameter ~8 cm
o multiparous: length ≤9.5 cm, diameter ~5.5 cm
o postmenopausal: length ≤6 cm, diameter ~2 cm
 uterine cervix: diameter <3 cm