Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
of Life
Early Discovery
Cell Theory
Parts of Cell
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
How Cell Carry out Its Functions?
Cell is not the smallest structure in an organism,
although extremely small in size.
Organelles
Structure within the cell that have certain jobs to do for the
cell.
Can be thought of as the “organs” of the cell.
The Three Fundamental Parts
of the Cell:
Cytoplasm
• consists of a thick, semifluid aggregate chemical
compounds called cytosol.
• maintains the shape of the cell.
• a fluid that contains all the parts of cell inside the
cell membrane and outside the nucleus.
• cell’s chemical activities take place on it.
The Three Fundamental Parts
of the Cell:
Cell Membrane
• plasma membrane or plasmalemma
• Composed of double layer of phospholipids and
proteins
• Surrounds outside of ALL cells
• Controls what enters or leaves the cell
Outside
of cell
Carbohydrate
Proteins chains
Cell
membrane
Inside
of cell Protein Lipid bilayer
(cytoplasm) channel
The Three
Fundamental Parts
of the Cell:
Nucleus
• Oval-shaped or spherical
shaped structure.
• “control center” of the
cell.
• region of the cell where
genetic material is
located.
Organelles in the Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• connected to the outer membrane of nucleus
• carries materials throughout the cytoplasm.
• transport of lipids and membrane proteins.
Endomembrane System
Golgi Bodies
Modify, sort, & package
molecules from ER
for storage OR
transport out of cell
Mitochondrion
(plural = mitochondria)
• “Powerhouse” of the cell
• Generate cellular energy
(ATP)
• More active cells like muscle
cells have MORE
mitochondria
• Both plants & animal cells
have mitochondria
• Site of CELLULAR
RESPIRATION (burning
glucose)
Vacuoles
• Fluid filled sacks
for storage
• Small or absent in
animal cells
• Plant cells have a
large Central
Vacuole
• No vacuoles in
bacterial cells
Vacuoles
• Made of protein
tubes called
microtubules
• Function in moving
cells, in moving
fluids, or in small
particles across the
cell surface
Cilia & Flagella