CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

SECTION
STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE
4.1 In which reaction will an increase in the volume of the container favor the formation of products?
(A) C (s)  H 2O( g ) CO( g )  H 2 ( g )

(B) H 2O( g )  I 2 ( g ) 2HI ( g )

(C) 4 NH3 ( g )  5O2 ( g ) 4 NO( g )  6H 2O( I )

(D) 3O2 ( g ) 2O3 ( g )

4.2 In a lit. container following equilibrium is established with equal moles of NO2 ( g ) & N 2O4 ( g ).
184
N2O4 ( g ) 2 NO2 ( g ), at equilibrium M avg .  , them ratio of K C & total initial moles is.
3
(A) 3 (B) 3/2 (C) 27/4 (D) 6
4.3 PCI 5 is 10% dissociated at 1 atm. What is % dissociation at 4 atm. PCI5 ( g ) PCI3 ( g )  CI 2 ( g )
(A) 40% (B) 2.5% (C) 5% (D) 10%
4.4 The pressure of iodine gas at a particular temperature is found to be 0.111 atm, whereas the
expected pressure is 0.074 atm. the increased pressure is due to I 2 2 I . Calculate K p for this
equilibrium.
(A) 0.074 (B) 0.148 (C) 0.05 (D) None of these
4.5 The ratio of the rate of diffusion of a sample of N 2O4 partially dissociated in to NO2 to pure
hydrogen was found to be 1 : 5. Calculate the degree is dissociation of N 2O4 .
(A) 0.84 (B) 0.54 (C) 0.42 (D) 0.64
4.6 For the reaction 4 NO2 ( g )  O2 ( g ) 2 N2O5 ( g ), which of the following facts holds good?
(A) K p  Kc
(B) K p  Kc
(C) K p  Kc
(D) K p and K c cannot be corrected unless pressure of the system is provided
4.7 To 500 ml of 2.0 M AgNO3 solution, 500 ml of 1.0 M Fe2 solution were added & the reaction is
allowed to reach a equilibrium at 25 C, Ag  (aq)  Fe2 (aq) Fe3 (aq)  Ag (s). For 25 ml of the
solution 50 ml of 0.04 M KMnO4 required for oxidation in acidic condition. Calculate K c for
reaction.
(A) (3.6)1 (B) (5.6)1 (C) (36)1 (D) (4) 1
4.8 NH 4 HS (s) dissociates as follows NH 4 HS (s) NH3 ( g )  H 2 S ( g ). At 25 C the dissociation
pressure of pure solid is 200 1.75 mm of Hg. If the flask contains 300 mm of Hg of NH 3 ( g ) along
with solid NH 4 HS . cal the total pressure at equilibrium (in mm of Hg).
(A) 600 (B) 200 1.75 (C) 400 (D) 432.3
4.9 At a particular temperature the pressure of CO2 in equilibrium with CaCO3 & CaO is 6.25  103
atm. The equilibrium constant ( K P ) for reaction C (s)  CO2 ( g ) 2CO( g ) is 2.5. at the same
temperature solid carbon, CaO & CaCO3 are mixed & allowed to come to equilibrium in a closed
vessel. What is the pressure of CO(g) at equilibrium.
(A) 0.125 atm (B) 0.625 (C) 1.25 (D) 2.5
4.10 K p for equilibrium N2O4 2 NO2 is 0.25 at 15 C. If the system is allowed to expand & N 2 is
added at a constant pressure of 1 atm. What will be the degree of dissociation when partial
pressure of N 2 is 0.6 atm.
(A) 0.38 (B) 0.23 (C) 0.61 (D) 0.55
4.11 In an aqueous solution of volume 500 ml when the reaction
2 Ag  (aq)  Cu(s) Cu 2 (aq)  2 Ag (s) reached equilibrium, the [Cu 2 ] was ‘a’ M. If 500 ml
water is further added. at the equilibrium [Cu 2 ] will be :
(A) ‘a’/2M (B) ‘a’ M (C) Between ‘a’ and ‘a/2’M (D) Less than ‘a/2’
4.12 3 moles of ammonia is heated in presence of 1 mole of neon. At equilibrium the mole fraction of
hydrogen is found to be 0.5 the value of ' KC .V ' (V – Volume of container) at equilibrium.
1 3
NH 3 ( g ) N2 ( g )  H 2 ( g )
2 2
(A) 27 3 (B) 3 3 (C) 27 (D) 3 8
4.13 K P for CaCO3 (s) CaO(s)  CO2 ( g ) is 0.5 at 1000 K. 2 moles of CaO(s) & CO2 ( g ) each at 0.45
atm introduced in a 16.4 lit. vessel and heated upto 1000 K. The amount of CaCO3 (s) formed will
be.
(A) 2 mole (B) 0.01 mole (C) 1.9 mole (D) 1 mole
4.14 For the reaction N2O4 ( g ) 2 NO2 ( g ) H  57.49 kJ/mole, the vapour density of equilibrium
mixture……………with increase of temperature.
(A) Increases (B) Decreases (C) Remain same (D) Can not be predicted
4.15 5.1 g of solid NH 4 HS is introduced in a 16.4 lit. vessel & heated upto 500 K. K p for equilibrium

NH 4 HS (s) NH3 ( g )  H 2 S ( g ) is 0.16. The maximum pressure developed in the vessel will be :
(A) 0.8 atm (B) 0.40 atm (C) 0.5 atm (D) None of these
4.16 A vessel contains x mole of A, y mole of B, z mole of C & n moles of an inert gas. The total pressure
due to reacting substances is P0 & vessel pressure is P. then K p for A( g ) B( g )  C ( g ) is
(A) P0 yz ( x2  xy  xz ) (B) Pyz ( x2  xy  zx  hx)
(C) (A) & (B) both (D) None of these
4.17 For the reaction N2 ( g )  3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH3 ( g ), H  93.6 kJ mol 1. The concentration of H 2 at
equilibrium will increase if
(A) The temperature is lowered (B) The volume of the system is decreased
(C) N 2 is added at constant volume (D) NH 3 is added
4.18 In the preparation of lime stone from the reaction CaCO3 ( s) CaO( s)  CO2 ( g ) between a
8500
temperature range of 950 C.K P values follow the following relation log K P  7.27  . In order
T
to decompose all limestone what minimum temperature would be predicted if reaction is carried
out in quiet air & atmospheric pressure is 1 atm.
(A) 896 C (B) 850 C (C) 950 C (D) 800 C
4.19 For the reaction 2 NH3 ( g ) N2 ( g )  3H 2 ( g )  x kcal, which is correct?
(A) Degree of dissociation will increase on decreasing temperature.
(B) On decreasing the volume of container degree of dissociation will increase.
(C) K C will decrease on increasing temperature.
(D) On adding inert gas at constant pressure the amount of ammonia will increase.
4.20 For a reversible reaction KC  K P & H  100 kJ the reverse reaction is favoured if :
(A) Both P & T are reduced (B) P increased & T decreased
(C) Both P & T are increased (D) P decreased & T increased
4.21 In a two step exothermic reaction
A2 ( g )  B2 ( g ) 3C ( g ) D( g ) ; H  ve, steps 1 & 2 are favoured
respectively by :
(A) High pressure, high temperature & low pressure, low temperature.
(B) Low pressure, low temperature & low pressure, low temperature.
(C) High pressure, low temperature & low pressure, low temperature.
(D) Low pressure, high temperature & high pressure, high temperature.
4.22 For the reaction CaCO3 ( s) CaO( s)  CO2 ( g ) the equilibrium amount of CO2 can be
increased by :
(A) Adding a suitable catalyst (B) Adding more limestone
(C) Increasing volume (D) Adding inert gas at constant volume
4.23 Which one of the following changes would result in a darkening of the colour?
N2O4 ( g ) 2 NO2 ( g ) H  ve
(A) Increasing pressure (B) Increases in temperature
(C) Adding inert gas at constant pressure (D) Addition of charcoal
4.24 Solid ammonium cynide decompose in to NH 3 ( g ) & HCN(g) reversibly. The two gases are in
equimolar ratio at all moments. If K p for NH 4CN ( s) NH3 ( g )  HCN ( g ) is 4 atm. The increase
in moles of ammonia due to decomposition is 33.3% then maximum amount of solid decomposed
is:
(A) V/RT moles (B) 2V/RT moles (C) V/3RT moles (D) 3V/RT moles
4.25 For the following equilibrium, 2SO2 ( g )  O2 ( g ) 2SO3 ( g ) the total equilibrium pressure is P1. If
volume of the system is reduced to 1/2 of this initial volume then equilibrium is reestablished. The
new equilibrium total pressure will be :
(A) 2P1 (B) 3 P1 (C) 3.5 P1 (D) Less than 2 P1
4.26 For the reaction: 2A  B 3C at 298 K, Kc  49
A 3L vessel contains 2, 1 and 2 moles of A, B and C respectively.
The reaction at the same temperature:
(A) Must proceed in forward direction (B) Must proceed in backward direction
(C) Must be in equilibrium (D) Cannot be predicted
4.27 In a reaction mixture containing H 2 , N 2 and NH 3 at partial pressure of 2 atm, 1 atm and 3 atm
respectively, the value of K p at 725 K is 4.28  105 atm2 . In which direction the net reaction will
go?
N2 ( g )  3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )
(A) Forward (B) Backward (C) No net reaction (D) Direction cannot be predicted
4.28 In the following reaction :
2SO2 ( g )  O2 ( g ) 2SO3 ( g )
the equilibrium is not attained. The rate of forward reaction is greater than that of backward
reaction. Thus, which of the following is the correct relation between K p and Qp ?
(A) K p  Qp (B) Qp  K p (C) Qp  K p (D) K p  Qp  1

4.29 The equilibrium constant K c for the reaction P4 ( g ) 2 P2 ( g ) is 1.4 at 400 C. Suppose that 3
moles of P4 ( g ) and 2 moles of P2 ( g ) are mixed in 2 litre container at 400 C. What is the value of
reaction quotient (Q)?
3 2
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) None of these
2 3
4.30 For the reaction A( g )  3B( g ) 2C ( g ) at 27 C , 2 moles of A, 4 moles of B and 6 moles of C are
present in 2 litre vessel. If K c for the reaction is 1.2, the reaction will proceed in :
(A) Forward direction (B) Backward direction
(C) Neither direction (D) None of these
4.31 When sulphur (in the form of S8 ) is heated at temperature T , at equilibrium, the pressure of S8
falls by 30% from 1.0 atm, because S8 ( g ) is partially converted into S2 ( g ).
Find the value of K p for this reaction.
(A) 2.96 (B) 6.14 (C) 204.8 (D) None of these
4.32 In the presence of excess of anhydrous SrCl2 , the amount of water taken up is governed by
K p  1012 atm4 for the following reaction at 273 K

SrCI 2 .2H 2O(s)  4H 2O( g ) SrCI 2 .6H 2O(s)

What is equilibrium vapour pressure (in torr) of water in a closed vessel that contains
SrCI 2 .2H 2O(s)?
(A) 0.001 torr (B) 103 torr (C) 0.76 torr (D) 1.31 torr
4.33 At 87 C , the following equilibrium is established.
H 2 ( g )  S ( s) H 2 S ( g ); Kc  0.08
If 0.3 mole hydrogen and 2 mole sulphur are heated to 87 C in a 2L vessel, what will be the
concentration of H 2 S at equilibrium ?
(A) 0.011 M (B) 0.022 M (C) 0.044 M (D) 0.08 M
4.34 At 27 C and 1 atm pressure, N 2O4 , is 20% dissociation into NO2 . What is the density equilibrium
mixture of N 2O4 and NO2 at 27 C and 1 atm ?
(A) 3.11 g/litre (B) 11 g/litre (C) 4.5 g/litre (D) None of these
1
4.35 AB3 ( g ) dissociation as AB3 ( g ) AB2 ( g )  B2 ( g ),
2
When the initial pressure of AB2 is 800 torr and the total pressure developed at equilibrium is 900
torr. What fraction of AB3 ( g ) is dissociated?
(A) 10% (B) 20% (C) 25% (D) 30%
4.36 At a certain temperature the equilibrium constant K c is 0.25 for the reaction
A2 ( g )  B2 ( g ) C2 ( g )  D2 ( g ),
If we take 1 mole of each of the four gases in a 10 litre container, what would be equilibrium
concentration of A2 ( g )?
(A) 0.331 M (B) 0.033 M (C) 0.133 M (D) 1.33 M
4.37 A system at equilibrium is described by the equation of fixed temperature T.
SO2CI 2 ( g ) SO2 ( g )  CI 2 ( g )
What effect will an increases in the total pressure caused by a decrease in volume have on the
equilibrium?
(A) Concentration of SO2CI 2 ( g ) increases (B) Connection of SO2 ( g ) increases
(C) Concentration of CI 2 ( g ) increases (D) Concentration of all gases increases
4.38 For the reaction at 300 K
A( g ) V (g)  S(g)
 r H  3 J/mol,  r S  0.1kJ .K 1.mol 1
What is the value of equilibrium constant ?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 10 (D) +RT
4.39 Two solid compounds X and T dissociates at a certain temperature as follows
X ( s) A( g )  2B( g ); K p1  9  103 atm3

Y ( s) 2B( g )  C ( g ); K p 2  4.5  103 atm3

The total pressure of gases over a mixture of X and Y is :
(A) 4.5 atm (B) 0.45 atm (C) 0.6 atm (D) None of these
4.40 Calculate the change in pressure (in atm) when 2 mole of NO and 16 g O2 in a 6.25 litre originally at
27 C react to produce the maximum quantity of NO2 possible according to the equation.
1
(Take R  ltr. Atm/mol K)
12
 2 NO( g )  O2 ( g ) 2 NO2 ( g )
(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 2
4.41 n mole of PCI 3 and n mole of CI 2 are allowed to react at constant temperature T to have a total
equilibrium pressure P, as :
PCI3 ( g )  CI 2 ( g ) PCI5 ( g )
If y mole of PCI 5 are formed at equilibrium, find K P for the given reaction.
(2n  y ) y y (n  y ) 2 .P (n  y ) 2 (2n  y ) P
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(n  y ) 2 .P (n  y )2 (2n  y ) P (2n  y _ y y
4.42 At a certain temperature, the equilibrium constant ( K c ) is 4/9 for the reaction :
CO( g )  H 2O( g ) CO2 ( g )  H 2 ( g )
If we take 10 mole of each of the four gases in a one-litre container, what would be the equilibrium
mole percent of H 2 ( g )?
(A) 20 (B) 40 (C) 60 (D) 80
4.43 For A( g ) 2 B( g ), equilibrium constant at total equilibrium pressure p1 is K p1 & for

C( g ) D( g )  E (g), equilibrium constant at total equilibrium pressure p2 is K p 2 . If degree of

dissociation of A & C are same, then the ratio K p1 K p 2 , if 2 p1  p2 , is :
(A) 2 (B) 1/8 (C) 1/2 (D) 8
4.44 Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists : (Take
reactants to be in stoichiometric proportions in case of two reactants)
List-I List-II
Reaction Degree of dissociation of reactant in terms of
(Homogeneous gaseous equilibrium constant
phase)
(A) A B 2C (p)  K  1  K 
(B) 2A BC (q)  K  2  K 
(C) A B CD (r) 2K (1  2K )
(D) 1 1 (s) 2 K
Ab A2  B2
2 2 1 2 K
(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D)
(A) p s q r (B) p r q s
(C) q s p r (D) q r p s
4.45 Match List I (equilibrium) with List II (condition for reaction) and select the correct answer using the
option below the lists-
List-I List-II
(Equilibrium) (Condition for reaction)
(A) A2 ( g )  B2 ( g )
endothermic
2 AB( g ) (p) High Temperature
(B) 2 AB2 ( g )  B2 ( g )
exothermic
2 AB3 ( g ) (q) Low Temperature
(C) 2 AB2 ( g )  B2 ( g )
exothermic
A2 ( g )  3B2 ( g ) (r) High Pressure
 (s) Low Pressure
(t) Independent of Pressure
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
(A) p&r q&r q & r (B) q&r p&s p&r
(C) p&t q&r q & s (D) q&s p&t p&r

ANSWERS
4.1 (A) 4.2 (B) 4.3 (C) 4.4 (A) 4.5 (A)
4.6 (C) 4.7 (A) 4.8 (C) 4.9 (A) 4.10 (A)
4.11 (D) 4.12 (B) 4.13 (C) 4.14 (B) 4.15 (C)
4.16 (C) 4.17 (D) 4.18 (A) 4.19 (D) 4.20 (C)
4.21 (B) 4.22 (C) 4.23 (B) 4.24 (A) 4.25 (D)
4.26 (A) 4.27 (B) 4.28 (C) 4.29 (B) 4.30 (A)
4.31 (A) 4.32 (C) 4.33 (A) 4.34 (A) 4.35 (C)
4.36 (C) 4.37 (D) 4.38 (B) 4.39 (B) 4.40 (D)
4.41 (A) 4.42 (A) 4.43 (A) 4.44 (C) 4.45 (C)