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Suman Rawte
Ph.D. Scholar
MS medium salts have been very satisfactory for such cultures though
White’s and Gautheret’s were the most widely used media during the early
days of meristem culture.
STAGES OF MERISTEM CULTURE
Murashige reported that there are three stages of culture:
Stage 1 is the culture establishment stage when explant may develop into
single shoot or multiple shoots.
At this stage explant are supplements with cytokinin like BA, kinetin and
2iP.
In stage 2 the objective is to multiply the propagule and for this axillary
shoot proliferation is followed as it maintains higher genetic stability.
Cut off the ultimate apex with the help of scalpel and transfer only those less
than 1 mm in length
As soon as the growing single leafy shoot or multiple shoots obtained from single
shoot tip or meristem, transfer them to hormone free medium to develop roots.
The plants are later transferred to pots containing compost and kept under
green house condition for hardening.
Application of Shoot-tip or Meristem
Culture
1. Virus Elimination
•In many plant breeding experiments the hybrid plants produce abortive
seeds or non viable seeds. As a result, it makes a barrier to crossibility in
plants where non-viable seeds are unable to develop into mature plants.
Shoot-tip or meristem from such hybrid plant can be cultured to speed up
breeding programme.
5. Quarantine
DISADVANTAGES:
Isolation is difficult
Low survival rate & regeneration time for explants may be long(about 8
months for potato explant)
Removal of explant causes a setback in the growth of mother
plant.
CONCLUSION