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Preface
Thank to Almighty God who has given His blessing to us for finishing
this English paper. And say thanks to our lecturer, Ir. Nurhayati Aritonang,
M.T. who has given us knowledge about English lesson.
Hopefully, this paper can help the readers to increase their knowledge
about singular form, plural form, countable and uncountable noun. So they can
use it correctly in writing or talking with others.
Best Regards
Authors
1
Table of Content
Preface..................................................................................................................1
Table of Content...................................................................................................2
Chapter I Preliminary
1. Background.................................................................................................3
2. Formulation problem..................................................................................3
3. Purpose.......................................................................................................3
Chapter II
1. Singular forms............................................................................................4
2. Plural forms................................................................................................6
3. Regular rule pattern changes singular to plural..........................................8
4. Countable nouns.......................................................................................23
5. Uncountable nouns...................................................................................24
6. Exercise....................................................................................................25
7. Answer and Explanation...........................................................................28
8. Question and Answer................................................................................29
Chapter III
Reading List........................................................................................................31
Power Point.........................................................................................................32
Correction...........................................................................................................59
Attachment..........................................................................................................60
2
3
Chapter I
Preliminary
1. Background
The singular and plural form countable and uncountable are important for
everyone to determine the right words in sentences. So there are no mistake in
writing about the number of objects in singular and plural forms.
2. Formulation Problems
a. Singular forms (bentuk tunggal)
b. Plural forms (bentuk jamak)
c. Countable Noun (kata benda yang dapat dihitung)
d. Uncountable Noun (Kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung)
3. Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to giving knowledge for the readers about
singular and plural form countable and uncountable, so they can use it correctly
in writing or speaking.
4
.Chapter II
1. Singular Forms
Singular is something that indicating single number only. There are four
types of singular, namely one person, one place, one thing, and one idea.
a. One Person
1) John started to run.
( Attachment 6 page 82 )
b. One Place
1) Let’s go to the beach.
( Attachment 6 page 82 )
c. One Thing
1) I have a box in my bedroom.
( Attachment 8 page 84 )
d. One Idea
1) She makes the most amazing cakes
( https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/amazing )
6
Nominal : They were going to be the makers of amazing bridge
2. Plural Forms
A plural is something to indicating more than one number. There are four
types of plural, namely more than one person, more than one place, more
than one thing and more than one idea. To make the plural form is by adding
‘s’, ‘es’, or ‘ies’
a. More than One Person
1) They study English everyday
(Attachment 2 page 61)
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Verbal : They have been making a bridge for competition
Nominal : They have been being the makers of a bridge for
competition
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Verbal : They were going to make a bridge for competition
Nominal : They were going to be the makers of a bridge for
competition
Verbal : They would make a dam for the river and lake
Nominal : They would be the makers of dam for the river and lake
8
Nominal : They were going to be the makers of amazing and strong
bridge
9
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : Dimas was going to read a book in civil engingeering
library
(verbal)
Dimas was going to be a reader of a book in civil
engingeering library (nominal)
10
Plural : Rama has been cleaning all viruses in civil engineering
computer laboratory (verbal)
The computers in laboratory computer of civil
engineering have been being safe from all viruses
(nominal)
11
1) Singular : I have a box in my bedroom.
Plural : I have three boxes in my bedroom.
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
12
Singular : I would take a box of nails from concrete laboratory
(verbal)
There would be a box of nails in the concrete laboratory
(nominal)
Plural : I would take many boxes of nails from concrete laboratory
(verbal)
There would be many boxes of nails in the concrete
laboratory (nominal)
d. Noun ending in ‘z’ makes the plural by adding ’-zes’
1) Singular : quiz
Plural : quizzes
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : I have been joining a calculus quiz in civil engineering
unesa
competiton (verbal)
I have been being a participant of calculus quiz in civil
engineering unesa competition (nominal)
Plural : I have been joining some calculus quizzes in civil
engineering unesa competition (verbal)
I have been being a participant of some calculus quizzes in
civil engineering unesa competition (nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : I was going to join a calculus quiz in civil engineering
unesa
competition (verbal)
I was going to be a participant of calculus quiz in civil
eingineering unesa competition (nominal)
Plural : I was going to join some calculus quizzes in civil
13
engineering unesa competition (verbal)
I was going to be a participant of some calculus quizzes in
civil engineering unesa competition (nominal)
Singular : I would join a calculus quiz in civil engineering unesa
competition (verbal)
I would be a participant of calculus quiz in civil
engineering unesa competition (nominal)
Plural : I would join some calculus quizzes in civil engineering
unesa competition (verbal)
I would be a participant of some calculus quizzes civil
engineering competition (nominal)
14
engineering at harvest time (verbal)
I was going to be a picker of a mango from gazebo area of
civil engineering at harvest time (nominal)
Plural : I was going to pick two mangoes from gazebo area of civil
engineering at harvest time (verbal)
I was going to be a picker of two mangoes from gazebo
area of civil engineering at harvest time (nominal)
Singular : I would pick a mango from gazebo area of civil
engineering
at harvest time (verbal)
I would be a picker of a mango from gazebo area of civil
engineering at harvest time (nominal)
Plural : I would pick two mangoes from gazebo area of civil
engineering at harvest time (verbal)
I would be a picker of two mangoes from gazebo area of
civil engineering at harvest time (nominal)
f. Noun ending in ‘ch’ makes the plural by adding ’-es’
1) Singular : match
Plural : matches
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : I have been buying a sandwich in gazebo area of civil
engineering for breakfast today (verbal)
Sandwich in gazebo area of civil engineering has been
being delicious (nominal)
Plural : I have been buying some sandwiches in gazebo area of
civil
engineering for breakfast today (verbal)
15
All sandwiches in gazebo area of civil engineering have
been being delicious (nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : I was going to buy a sandwich in gazebo area of civil
engineering for breakfast today (verbal)
Sandwich in gazebo area of civil engineering was going to
be delicious (nominal)
Plural : I was going to buy some sandwiches in gazebo area of
civil
engineering for breakfast today (verbal)
All sandwiches in gazebo area of civil engineering were
going to be delicious (nominal)
Singular : I would buy a sandwich in gazebo area of civil engineering
for breakfast today. (verbal)
Sandwich in gazebo area of civil engineering would be
delicious (nominal)
Plural : I would buy some sandwiches in gazebo area of civil
engineering for breakfast today. (verbal)
All sandwiches in gazebo area of civil engineering would
be delicious (nominal)
g. Noun ending in ‘sh’ makes the plural by adding ’-es’
1) Singular : wish
Plural : wishes
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : I have been washing a dish after banquet for lecturer
(verbal)
I have been being a washer of the dish after banquet for
lecturer (nominal)
16
Plural : I have been washing some dishes after banquet for lecturer
(verbal)
I have been being a washer of some dishes after banquet for
lecturer (nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : I was going to wash a dish after banquet for lecturer
(verbal)
I was going to be a washer of the dish after banquet for
lecturer (nominal)
Plural : I was going to wash some dishes after banquet for lecturer
(verbal)
I was going to be a washer of some dishes after banquet for
lecturer (nominal)
Singular : I would wash a dish after banquet for lecturer (verbal)
I would be a washer of the dish after banquet for lecturer
(nominal)
Plural : I would wash some dishes after banquet for lecturer
(verbal)
I would be a washer of some dishes after banquet for
lecturer (nominal)
h. Noun ends in consonant + y, makes the plural by dropping ’y’ and
adding ’-ies’
17
Plural : parties, cities, stories, nannies
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : He has been reading a book story of calculus in library
(verbal)
He has been being a reader of a book story of calculus in
library (nominal)
Plural : He has been reading some books stories of calculus in
library (verbal)
He has been being a reader of some books stories of
calculus in library (nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : He was going to read a book story of calculus in library
(verbal)
He was going to be a reader of a book story of calculus in
library (nominal)
Plural : He was going to read some books stories of calculus in
library (verbal)
He was going to be a reader of some books stories of
calculus in library (nominal)
Singular : He would read a book story of calculus in library (verbal)
He would be a reader of a book story of calculus in library
(nominal)
Plural : He would read some books stories of calculus in library
(verbal)
He would be a reader of some books stories of calculus in
library (nominal)
i. Noun ends in vowel + y, makes the plural by adding ’-s’
18
1) Singular : boy, holiday, key, guy
Plural : boys, holidays, keys, guys
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : I have been looking for the key in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There has been being a key near the whiteboard in material
laboratory (nominal)
Plural : I have been looking for two keys in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There have been being two keys near the whiteboard in
material laboratory (nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : I was going to look for the key in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There was going to be a key the whiteboard in material
laboratory (nominal)
Plural : I was going to look for two keys in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There were going to be two keys near the whiteboard in
material laboratory (nominal)
Singular : I would look for the key in the material laboratory
19
(verbal)
There would be a key near the whiteboard in material
laboratory (nominal)
Plural : I would look for two keys in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There would be two keys near the whiteboard in material
laboratory (nominal)
j. Noun ending in ‘f’ or ‘fe’, makes the plural by removing ’-f/ef’ and
adding ‘-ves’
k. Irregular Nouns, is a noun that changes its plural form irregulary. Not
add ‘s’, ‘-es’, or ‘-ies’ .
21
Examples :
Child – children Mouse – Mice
Foot – Feet Ox – Oxen
Goose – Geese Tooth – Teeth
Louse – Lice Woman – Women
Man – Men
1) Singular : There is a child in the park
Plural : There are many children in the park
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : Nanda has been finding a man in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There has been being a man in the material laboratory
(nominal)
Plural : Nanda has been finding the men in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There have been being the men in the material laboratory
(nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : Nanda was going to find a man in the material laboratory
(verbal)
22
There was going to be a man in the material laboratory
(nominal)
Plural : Nanda was going to find the men in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There were going to be the men in the material laboratory
(nominal)
Singular : Nanda would find a man in the material laboratory (verbal)
There would be a man in the material laboratory (nominal)
Plural : Nanda would find the men in the material laboratory
(verbal)
There would be the men in the material laboratory
(nominal)
l. Some nouns have the same form in the singular and the plural.
Aircraft – Aircraft Scenery – Scenery
Bison – Bison Sheep – Sheep
Buffalo – Buffalo Shrimp – Shrimp
Barrack – Barrack Swine – Swine
Cannon – Cannon Moose – Moose
Deer – Deer Series – Series
Dice – Dice Tuna – Tuna
Fish – Fish Watercraft – Watercraft
1) Singular : I can see a sheep in the field
Plural : I can see ten sheep in the field.
( Attachment 8 page 86-87 )
2) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : I have been seeing a fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (verbal)
23
There has been being a fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (nominal)
Plural : I have been seeing many fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (verbal)
There have been being many fish in the aquarium at
hydraulic laboratory of civil engineering (nominal)
3) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : I was going to see a fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (verbal)
There was going to be a fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (nominal)
Plural : I was going to see many fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (verbal)
There were going to be many fish in the aquarium at
hydraulic laboratory of civil engineering (nominal)
Singular : I would see a fish in the aquarium at hydraulic laboratory
of
civil engineering (verbal)
There would be a fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (nominal)
Plural : I would see many fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (verbal)
There would be many fish in the aquarium at hydraulic
laboratory of civil engineering (nominal)
24
4. Countable Noun
Countable nouns are the names of separate items which can be
counted. Countable nouns have singular as well as plural forms. Can be
made general or specific by using ‘a’ or ‘the’ in front of the noun.
Example :
Table – tables
A table – some tables
1) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : He has been taking a table from A4.02.05 to the drawing
Laboratory (verbal)
Drawing laboratory has been being lack a table (nominal)
Plural : He has been taking some tables from A4.02.05 to the
drawing laboratory (verbal)
Drawing laboratory has been being lack some tables
(nominal)
2) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : He was going to take a table from A4.02.05 to the drawing
laboratory (verbal)
Drawing laboratory was going to lack a table (nominal)
Plural : He was going to take two tables from A4.02.05 to the
drawing laboratory (verbal)
Drawing laboratory was going to lack two tables (nominal)
Singular : He would take a table from A4.02.05 to the drawing
Laboratory (verbal)
Drawing laboratory would lack a table (nominal)
25
Plural : He would take many tables from A4.02.05 to the drawing
laboratory (verbal)
Drawing laboratory would lack many tables (nominal)
5. Uncountable Noun
Uncountable nouns are a noun that don't take plural forms and
are measureable but not countable. They only have singular forms. They
usually refer to abstraction or collective.
Examples :
Sand - sands
Furniture – furniture
Water – waters
1) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular : I have been looking for art furniture for interior design
(verbal)
I have been being in home appliance store for art furniture
(nominal)
Plural : There are no plural form on it.
2) Simple Past Future Tense
Singular : I was going to look for art furniture for interior design
(verbal)
I was going to be in home appliance store for art furniture
(nominal)
Plural : There are no plural form on it.
Singular : I would look for art furniture for interior design (verbal)
I would be in home appliance store for art furniture
(nominal)
Plural : There are no plural form on it.
26
6. Exercise
1) Lia would buy…of architecture
a. A book
b. Many book
c. Two book
2) They make…for competition
a. A bridge
b.The bridges
c. Some bridge
3) He…been reading many…in civil engineering
a. Has-book
b.Has-books
c. Have-books
4) I am participant of quiz competition in civil engineering unesa. What is
the form
a. Singular-non countable noun
b.Plural-non countable noun
c. Singular- countable noun
5) He take…from concrete laboratory
a. A sand
b.Some sand
c. Sand
6) …and flowers may brighten up drawing laboratory
a. Vass
b.Vas
27
c. Vases
28
a. Knive
b. Knifes
c. Knives
29
20) I have…a lot of…for the renovation
a. Buy-bricks
b. Buying-bricks
c. Bought-bricks
7. Answers and Explanations
1) a. A book (Singular form. a + singular noun)
2) a. A bridge (Singular form. a + singular noun)
3) b. Has-books (Singular subject followed by ‘has’‘books’ begin with
many)
4) c. Singular - count noun (‘quiz competition’ is indicating that is
singular noun)
5) c. Sand (because countable noun form)
6) c. Vases (Countable noun ending with –s, for plural form by adding -
es.)
7) a. Pens (Plural form. Some + plural noun)
8) a. Library (singular form)
9) c. Books-plural (‘Many’ followed by plural noun)
10) a. Picking sand (Present perfect continous tense. V-ing + O)
11) a.Concrete (Uncountable noun)
12) a. Singular – Count noun (‘a bridge’ is indicating singular – count
noun)
13) c. Knives (‘All’ is indicating plural for. Plural form of knife is knives)
14) a. Man (singular form. a + singular person)
15) a. Thing (because a dam is a thing)
16) a. Singular Idea (because strong is idea)
17) b. plural person (because the workers is plural person)
18) a. singular place (because concrete laboratory is singular place)
19) c. sand (because sand is non-count noun)
30
20) c. bought, bricks (S+Have/has+Verb 3+Object+Adverb & That
sentence is plural form)
31
8. Question and Answer
4. Q : Why in irregular plural form, the plural form do not put e/es
(Chusnun Nafita )
A : Because the plural form of irregular nouns have own form
5. Q : When we use some, when we use any into the sentence ( Keykane
Genuine Z )
A : Some are used in positive sentences. Some can be used for
countable objects and uncountable nouns.
Examples : There are some grapes on the table.
There is some salt in the kitchen.
Any is used only in negative sentences and interrogative
sentences.
Examples : I don't have any Math books.
Do they need any knives?
32
Chapter III
Conclusion
1. Singular form used to indicate that only one person, one place, one thing
and one idea
2. Plural form is used to indicate more than one person, more than one
place, more than one thing, and more than one idea. To make singular to
plural actually by adding ‘s, ‘es’, or ‘ies’ in the end of noun
3. How to distinguish between countable noun and uncountable noun :
Countable noun can be counted, can be preceded by a/an, and have plural
form (-s, -es, -ies)
Uncountable noun can not be counted, can not be preceded by a/an, and
don’t have plural form
Suggestion
It is expected that in writing a word in a sentence, keep in mind the
singular or plural forms of a noun or object
33
Reading list
1. Hartanto, John Surjadi dkk. 1987. Tata Bahasa Bahasa Inggris Lengkap.
Surabaya : Penerbit Indah
2. Hendra. 2014. Grammar Step One. Sidoarjo : Hi Green Course
3. Marsudi, Darsono Hendro. 2010. Panduan Praktis English Grammar.
Yogyakarta : Indonesia Tera.
4. Waryanti, Suci Maria dan Narastuti Vincetia. 2011. Panduan Pintar
Menguasai Grammar. Yogyakarta : Indonesia Tera.
5. www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv19
2.shtml
6. www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/nouns/
7. www.grammar.cl/Notes/Countable_Uncountable_Nouns.htm
8. www.grammar.cl/Notes/Plural_Nouns.htm
9. www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-simple-past-
future-tense
10. Yulianti, Ari. 2012. Seri Kursus Dirumah Tata Bahasa Inggris For
Beginner. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Widyatama.
34
Power Point
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37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
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A1
Video Learning 51
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Corrections
5. More loudly please
6. Slide 13 in Power Point.
The example bigger please
7. Please add noun ending in ck, lk
8. Slide 31 in Power Point
a key two keys
9. Slide 32 in Power Point
False : There was going to be a key near the material laboratory
whiteboard
Correct : There was going to be a key near the whiteboard in material
laboratory
10.Slide 33 in Power Point
Mechanics mechanic
11.Add more examples of nouns that have the same form in singular and
plural
12.Slide 45 in Power Point
Does Do
13.Slide 47 in Power Point
False : has a plural form (-s and -ies)
Correct : has a plural form (-s,-es, -ies)
62
Attachment 1
63
64
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Attachment 2
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68
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Attachment 3
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Attachment 4
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Attachment 5
www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv192.shtml
86
Attachment 6
www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/nouns/
87
Attachment 7
www.grammar.cl/Notes/Countable_Uncountable_Nouns.htm
88
Attachment 8
www.grammar.cl/Notes/Plural_Nouns.htm
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Attachment 9
www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-simple-past-future-tense
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Attachment 10 92
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