QUESTION & ANSWER BANK

WATER – THE ELIXIR OF LIFE

WATER QUIZ

Editor
Dr. R. Sreedher

Subject Expert
N. G. Anuthaman

Compilation
D. Vinoth Rajesh
G. Indumathi

Acknowledgement

This question bank on theme Water: The Elixir of Life was developed by Audio
Visual Research Centre of Anna University as part of NCSTC, DST, Project.

VP express its deepest thanks to Dr. B.P. Singh (Head, NCSTC) and Mrs. Ujjawala
Trikey (Sci "E"), for extending the necessary permission to use this question bank
by VIPNET Clubs.

The question bank can be used by the VIPNET Clubs to design the quizzes and
other activity on water theme as part of campaign "Manage to Save to Water".
The campaign is being organized by VP as part of International Year of Water –
Cooperation.

1 
 
 INDEX

Contents Page No

1. Ground Water 3

2. Underground Water 7

3. Hydrology 8

4. Chemical Properties of Water 10

5. Water in Chemistry 12

6. Quality of Water 14

7. Utilization of Water 24

8. Human Consumption 30

9. Waterborne Disease 31

10. Water 32

11. Impact of Water 34

12. Water Every Where 37

13. Temple Tanks 38

14. Water Supply Engineering 39

15. Water Harvesting 42

16. Water Conservation 45

17. Soil and Water Conservation in India 46

18. Water Resources 52

19. Irrigation 54
2 
 
 1. GROUND WATER

1. The world's total water resources is estimated as

a. 1.37 x 108 million nm b. 1.36 x 108 million nm
c. 1.35 x 107 million nm d. 1.36 x 109 million nm

2. In global water resources, the salt water occupies ______

a. 97.2% b. 97.1%
c. 98.2% d. 99.3%

3. In global water resources, the fresh water occupies ___

a. 2.8% b. .2.81%
c. 2.9% d. 2.3%

4. The fresh water available on the surface of the earth (surface water) ______ is about
a. 2.2% b. 2.1%
c. 2.0% d. 2.8%

5. The percentage of fresh water available in ground water is about ____

a. 0.6% b. 0.2%
c. 0.8% d. 0.9%

6. 2.15 % of water on the earth is in the form of ___

a. glaciers and ice caps b. lakes and reservoirs
c. Both a and b d. streams

7. 0.0001% of fresh water is available in the form of _______

a. lakes b. steams
c. water vapor in the atmosphere d. ice caps

8. 0.001% of fresh water is available in the form of _____

a. lakes b. rivers
c. water vapor in the atmosphere d. None

9. The average rainfall in India is around ___

a. 365 cm b. 112 cm
c. 114 cm d. 116 cm

10. Sinking of wells and a variety of water devices were found from ___
a. Vedic times b. Epic times
c. Both a and b d. None
3 
 
11. The first irrigation commission affirmed the importance of irrigation wells in the
year _____
a. 1904 b. 1903
c. 1905 d. 1910

12. The well sinking department of Nizam made interesting studies on ground water
in—
a. Central plateau b. Deccan basallic terrains
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

13. In which year, the project for construction of 1500 community tube wells in the
Ganga basin was initiated in U.P.?
a. 1934 b. 1936
c. 1932 d. 1935

14. Expansion of EIO is

a. Exploratory tube wells organization b. Exploratory tundra well organization
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

15. Large-scale ground water investigation programmes have been taken up, since 1967
in
a. Rajasthan b. Gujarat
c. Tamilnadu d. All the three

16. In 1970 the major programmes with the assistance of UNICEF for provision of
drilled wells for rural water supply have been launched in the
a. Hard rock areas of AP b. MP
c. Tamil Nadu d. All the three

17. The lignite deposit occurring at Neyveli on the top of the first aquifier separated by a
thin layer of clay __________ to __________ m in thickness
a. 1.5m to 3m b. 1.5 to 3.
b. 1.5 to 3.1m d. 1.5m to 4m

18. Generally the mine was deepened and the lignite removed more water has to be
pumped to keep the mine floor from
a. Bursting b. Pumping
c. Both a and b d. None

19. Calyx drills can drill bore wells in

4 
 
 a. Hard rock areas b. Sandy areas
c. Sedimentary areas c. None

20. Cable tool or percussion rings are suitable in the areas of

a. Indo-gangetic alluvium b. Sediments of Jammu and Kashmir valley
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

21. Air rotary is specially suitable for

a. Red stones b. Alluvial soil
c. Both (a) and (b) d. Lime stones

22. In march 1979, there were about

a. 4500 hand boring sets b. 4200 hand boring sets
c. 4300 hand boring sets d. None

23. In March 1979, 17 states were subjected to

a. 80 reverse circulation b. 70 reverse circulation
c. 60 reverse circulation d. None

24. An aquifer is a geological formation which

a. Does not contain water b. Is a rock outcrop
c. Contains water but does not transmit d. Contains and also transmits water

25. Which of the following formation does not contain any ground water?
a. Aquifer b. Aquifuge
c. Aquitard d. Aquiclude

26. A geological formation, which may contain water but is essentially impermeable to
the flow of water through it, is known as
a. Aquifer b. Aquifuge
c. Aquitard d. Aquiclude

27. An aquifer, which is underlying by impermeable layer at the bottom and not
confined at the top is known as
a. Confined aquifer b. Un confine aquifer
5 
 
 c. Semi confined aquifer d. Perched aquifer

28. An unconfined aquifer is also known as

a. An artesian aquifer b. A leaky aquifer
c. A perched aquifer d. A water table aquifer

29. An influent stream is one which

a. Contributes runoff to the groundwater
b. Deriver runoff from groundwater
c. Neither contributes nor desires runoff from ground
d. Flows only below the ground

30. A stream which contributes runoff to ground water is known as …………

a. Influent stream b. Effluent stream
c. Perennial stream d. Ephemeral stream

31. Darcy's law for ground water movement states that the velocity is proportional to
a. The hydraulic gradient
b. The square of the hydraulic gradient
c. The logarithm of the hydraulic gradient
d. The reciprocal of the hydraulic gradient

32. Direct runoff is the sum of

a. The surface runoff and the base flow
b. The base flow and the ground water runoff
c. The delayed subsurface runoff and the deep percolation
d. The surface runoff and the prompt subsurface runoff

33. The base flow is the difference between

a. The total runoff and the direct runoff
b. The total runoff and the delayed subsurface runoff
c. The prompt subsurface runoff and the delayed subsurface runoff
d. The runoff due to only snow melts

6 
 
 2. UNDERGROUND WATER

34. The rock which the water to pass through it is

a. Sedimentary rock b. Porous rock
c. Both (a) and (b) d. Hard rock

35. The rock which does not allow water to pass through it is
a. Porous rock b. Non – porous rock
c. Both d. None of these

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 3. HYDROLOGY

36. The science that deals with occurrence, distribution & circulation of water is
a. Hydrology b. Hydrography
b. Hydrometry c. Hydraulics

37. The science which deals with surface stream is

a. Limnology b. Cryology
b. Geomorphology d. Potamology

38. The science which deals with lakes is known as

a. Cryology b. Limnology
b. Geomorphology d. Potamology

39. The concept of hydrologic cycle was correctly postulated for the first time by
a. Leonardo da vinci b. Vittuvirus
c. Plato d. Aristotle

40. IHP stands for

a. Intensive Hydraulic Press b. International Hydrologic Programme
c. International Hydrologic Publication d. International Hydrologic periodicals

41. The percentage of earth covered by ocean is

a. 31% b. 51%
c. 71% d. 97%

42. The percentage of total quantity of water in the world, available in the liquid form is
a. 30% b. 70%
c. 11% d. 51%

43. The percentage of total quantity of saline water in the world is

a. 71% b. 33%
c. 67% d. 97%

44. Total percentage of water (fresh water) available in Europe & Asia in the entire
world's water resource is
a. 30% b. 50%
c. 81% d. 27%
8 
 
45. Total volume of water present in the world is
a. 1.36 X 108 km3 b. 0.136 X 108 km3
c. 13.6 X 108 km3 d. 136 X 108 km3

46. A portion of water that reaches the ground and enters into the earth's surface is
known as
a. Transpiration b. Evaporation
c. Interception d. Infiltration

47. The long term average runoff for India is

a. 23% b. 46%
c. 76% d. 90%

48. The study emphasizing the geologic aspects is

a. Geo hydrology b. Hydro geology
b. Cryology d. Potomology

49. The study emphasizing the hydrologic aspects is

a. Cryology b. Geo Hydrology
c. Hydrogeology d. Potomology

50. The instrument which measures wind velocity is

a. Currentmeter b. Atmometer
c. Aerometer d. Anemometer

51. Rain shadow region in India is found to the

a. West of western ghats b. East of western ghats
c. West of eastern ghats d. South of Himalayas

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 4. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER

52. What is the most widely used fine powdery coagulant called?
a) Aluminium sulphate b) Aluminium
c) Aluminium carbonate d) Calcium carbonate

53. If the water flows into the huge reservoirs for a final treatment, that kills
a) wastage b) bacteria
c) iodine d) chlorine

54. The plants are disinfected by water by adding _____

a) iodine b) chlorine
c) fluorine d) none of these

55. Which is the oldest and most common method of turning saltwater into fresh water
____

a) crystallization b) distillation
c) filtration d) condensation

56. In what can the treated water be dumped _________

a) river b) stream
c) lake d) all the three
__________
57. percentage of water on earth is in the salty oceans____
a) 67% b) 87%
c) 97% d) 100%

58. Which is the most modern process used in desalination plants?

a) multistage flash distillation b) multistage flash crystallization
b) multistage flash condensation d) multistage flash filtration

59. What causes water to turn quickly into steam?

a) high pressure b) low pressure
c) medium pressure d) none of these

60. What is the method used for desalting sea water ______
a) forward osmosis b) reverse osmosis
c) electro osmosis d) osmosis

10 
 
61. Water can be a ______
a) solid b) liquid
c) gas d) all the three

62. How much water does a person take in his life time?
a) 50,600 liters b) 70, 700 liters
c) 60,600 liters d) none of these

11 
 
 5. WATER IN CHEMISTRY

63. Name the substance which exists in the gaseous states, vapor and liquid state.
a) Water b) Oxygen
c) Nitrogen d) Sulphur

64. The substances which are highly soluble in water

a) Salt and sugar b) Salt and glucose
c) Salt and sulphur d) Salt and chlorine

65. Give an example of a substance containing water

a. Copper sulphate b. Cuprous chloride
.
c. CuSO4 5H2O d. none

66. Name the substance, which has a tendency to absorb water

a. CaCl2 b. P2 O5
c. H2SO4 d. All the three

67. The common substance present in water

a. Calcium salt b. Calcium-bicarbonate
c. Both a and b d. None

68. When water with temporary hardness is boiled, calcium and magnesium ions
precipitate as
a. Bicarbonate b. Carbonate
c. Calcium bicarbonate d. None

69. Distilled water is used in

a. Injections to patients b. Domestic use
c. Both a and b d. None

70. Name the substance commonly used to eliminate various ions or salts from water
a. Ion exchange resins b. Ion exchange sulphate
c. Copper sulphate d. Chlorosulphate

71. Refrigerators, air conditioners and air sprays send CFCs into the atmosphere. What
are CFCs?
a. Chloro flouro carbons b. Chloroflouro carbonate
c. Chloro flouro carbon chloride d. None

12 
 
72. Consequences of global warming will have a disastrous effect in the
a. Frozen tundra regions b. Himalayas
c. Pacific region d. artic region

73. Flooded rice fields, cattle and land dills increase the levels of
a. Ethane b. Methane
c. Bromine d. None

74. Nitrous oxide is produced by chemical fertilizer and ______ & _____ agriculture
a. Slash & burn b. Vegetable and slash
c. Slash and crops d. None

75. How methane gas can be released in large quantities?

a. Melting of permafrost b. Melting of methane oxide
c. Melting of methanol d. None

76. Ozone is ___

a. Dynamic b. Unstable
c. Stable d. None

77. Acid rain causes___

a. Corrosion of metals b. Erosion of metals
c. Both a and b d. None

78. The acid rain gets dissolved in the rain droplets in the atmosphere and precipitate as
---
a. Hydrochloric acid b. Sulphuric acid
c. Nitrous acid d. All the three

79. Acid rain is responsible for dissolving heavy metals like ____
a. Zinc and cadmium b. nitrous acid
c. both a and b d. none

80. Naturally present_______ is a harmless inorganic metal in many soils

a. Mercury b. Phosphorus
c. Lithium d. Potassium

13 
 
 6. QUALITY OF WATER

81. Specify the term which refers to the organism that cannot live without
oxygen…………
a. Anaerobes b. Aerobes
c. Both d. None

82. The annual precipitation in India is about…………………

a. 400mham b. 500mham
c. 1000mham d. 2mham

83. Can the polluted ground water be recovered, say yes or no?
a. Yes b. No

84. What is the average amount of water consumed by Indian per day?
a. 300litres b. 10litres
c. 200litres d. 150litres

85. Say the amount of water utilized by Oil Company for one tone of production.
a. 5tonnes b. 2tonnes
c. 100tonnes d. 10tonnes

86. Express in terms of mille meter, how much amount of rainfall in received per-capita
in India?
a. 60581mm b. 5000mm
c. 620mm d. 230mm

87. The freezing point of water is…………….

a. 00c b. 50c
c. -250c d. None of the above

88. What is the latent heat of evaporation for water?

a. High b. Low
c. Very low d. Very high

89. The dielectric constant and surface tension of water is ……………….

a. Low b. High
c. Very low d. Very high

14 
 
90. The total geographical area of India is about……………..
a. 20 million sq.km b. 100 million sq.km
c. 329 million sq.km d. 125 sq.km

91. Name the term which refers to the disease that spreads through water?
a. Airborne disease b. Water borne disease
c. Both d. None

92. Name the two origins of water borne disease?

a. Biological and chemical b. Physical and chemical
c. Chemical d. Physical

93. Deficiency in iodine results in ……………..

a. Goitre b. Mental defects
c. Nervous defects and cretinism d. All the above

94. Iodine deficiency can be prevented by using…………

a. Iodized salt b. Calcification of salt
c. Both d. None

95. Calcium poisoning in water leads to…………………..

a. Itai itai b. Goitre
c. Cretinism d. Cancer

96. The most valuable commercial fisheries in the seas have now been reduced by
a. 90 to 98 % b. 60 to 68 %
c. 80 to 88 % d. 50 to 58 %

97. What is the major source of ocean pollution?

a. Domestic wastages b. Oil
c. Organic matter d. Chemicals

98. In which year has the world's largest accidental oil spill occurred?
a. 1959 b. 1979
c. 1869 d. 1879

99. Peoples are always abstracted to settle in flat rivers what are they _____
15 
 
 a. Perennial river b. Stream
c. Flood plain d. River bank

100. What makes the water contaminated and unfit for drinking and domestic use?
a. Pathogens b. Undesirable suspended matter
c. Dissolved salts d. None

101. Say which statement is incorrect?

a. Contaminated water is always polluted
b. Polluted water is always contaminated
c. Absolute pure water is not good for health
d. none of the above

102. 'Safe water' is the one, which does not contain…………

a. Pathogenic bacteria b. Turbidity
c. Any taste d. Any colour

103. 'Whole some water' is one, which does not contain…………

a. Pathogenic bacteria
b. Suspended matter in aquntities harmful to man
c. Dissolved matter in quantities harmful to man
d. All the above

104. Polluted water is the one which is unfit for drinking and domestic purpose, what
makes it so?
a. Pathogenic bacteria
b. Undesirable matter
c. Contamination
d. Is safe for drinking, but poses problems is special industrial uses

105. The measure of the amount of light absorbed or scattered by a suspended material in
water is called …………..
a. Opacity b. Turbidity
c. Celebrity d. Diffraction

106. The standard turbidity produced by one mg of silicon dioxide (silica) in one liter of
distilled water is called ………..
a. One Jackson, turbidity unit (Jtu) b. One Formazin turbidity unit (Ftu)
c. One Nephelometry turbidity unit (Ntu) d. None of the above.

16 
 
107. The modern standard low turbidity produced by one mg of formation in one liter of
distilled water is called ……………
a. Ftu b. Jtu
c. Ntu d. None of the above

108. The turbidity, which can be seen easily on naked eye, is of the order of……..
a. 1Jtu b. 2Jtu
c. 3Jtu d. Jtu

109. The permissible turbidity of 2.5 Jtu, sometimes be misguiding as even a trace of
turbidity, may be a sign of serious pollution as may happen in…………
a. Chark well waters b. Silica well waters
c. Sand well water d. None

110. The suspended solids present in water may add colour to the water, which is known
as ………
a. True colour b. Apparent colour
c. Colour d. None

111. One true colour unit is the colour produced by ………………

a. One mg of formazin in one liter of distilled water
b. One mg of silicon in one liter of distilled water
c. One mg of ferric silicon in one liter of distilled water
d. One mg of platinum as chloroplatinate ions in one liter of distilled water

112. The colour of water caused by the dissolved solids is known as ……….
a. Apparent colour b. True colour
c. Colour d. (b) and (c) above

113. The true colour of water is measured on ………………

a. Platinum cobalt scale b. Silica scale
c. Nickel scale d. All the above

114. The colour of water for domestic supplies on standard platinum cobalt scale should
not exceed ……..
a. 0-5 ppm b. 5-10 ppm
c. 10-20 ppm d. 20-50 ppm

17 
 
115. The specific conductivity of water helps in knowing the extent of ……………
a. Organic matter b. Inorganic matter
c. Dissolved salts d. None of the above

116. With increase in temperature, the specific conductivity of water …………

a. Decreases b. Increases
c. Remains unchanged d. None of the above

117. The colour of water can be determined on an instrument known as ………….

a. Ionic water tester b. Turbid meter
c. Tintometer d. None

118. Ph value of water indicates it's …………………

a. Acidity b. Alkalinity
c. Both acidity and alkalinity d. None

119. The most common cause of acidity in water, is ……………

a. Oxygen b. Hydrogen
c. Nitrogen d. Carbondioxide

120. A water having 1 unit lesser PH will be ………………….

a. 1 time more acidic b. 10 times more acidic
c. 100 times more acidic d. None of these

121. A water having PH equal to 7 is……………………

a. Acidic b. Alkaline
c. Neutral d. None of these

122. A water having PH more than 7 is ……………………

a. Acidic b. Alkaline
c. Neutral d. None of these

123. A water having PH less than 7 is ……………..

a. Acidic b. Alkaline
c. Neutral d. None of these

18 
 
124. A water having PH = 9, will have hydrogen ion concentration equal to ………..
a. 9 mol/l b. 10-9 mol/l
c. 109 mol/l d. None of these

125. The product of H ions and OH ions in a stronger acid is ……………….

a. 0 b. 1
-7
c. 10 d. 10-14

126. Higher values of PH indicates …………..

a. Stronger acids b. Stronger alkalis
c. Stronger contamination d. None

127. Temporary hardness in water is caused by …………….

a. Dissolved carbon dioxide
b. Bicarbonates and carbonates of calcium and magnesium
c. Bicarbonates and carbonates of sodium and potassium
d. None of these

128. One French degree of harness equal to …………….

a. 1 ppm b. 10 ppm
c. 14.25 ppm d. None of these

129. One British degree of hardness equal to a hardness of ………….

a. 1 ppm b. 16 ppm
c. 14.25 ppm d. None of these

130. The most appropriate hardness in drinking water supplies is of the order of ………
a. 50 ppm b. 100 ppm
c. 200 ppm d. 300 ppm

131. Water is considered hard, if their hardness is of the order of …………..

a. 50 ppm b. 100 ppm
c. 200 ppm d. 300 ppm

132. Water is considered soft, if their hardness does not exceed ………….
a. 75 ppm b. 300 ppm
c. 400 ppm d. 500 ppm

133. Hard water is tastier than soft water, due to the presence of ……………..
19 
 
 a. Sodium b. Calcium
c. Carbonates d. Bicarbonates

134. Dental diseases in children may be caused due to water supplies, which are deficient
in ………..
a. Calcium b. Iron
c. Fluorides d. None of these

135. Higher quantities of copper, more than 2.5 mg/1 or so may cause diseases pertaining
to ……………….
a. Kidney b. Lungs
c. Liver d. Teeth

136. The only metal among the following, which is toxic to human being is …………
a. Calcium b. Barium
c. Iron d. Magnesium

137. The metal, most hazardous to human beings, among the following is …………..
a. Sodium b. Mercury
c. Lead d. Cadmium

138. The safe permissible concentration of iron in water, according to WHO standards is
……..
a. 1.0 ppm b. 0.5 ppm
c. 0.3 ppm d. 0.03 ppm

139. The maximum safe permissible limit for chlorides in domestic water supplies are
……….
a. 0.5 mg/1 b. 200 mg/1
c. 500 mg/1 d. 1000 mg/1

140. The maximum permissible concentration of sulphate in water supplies is ………….

a. 100 mg/1 b. 200 mg/1
c. 500 mg/1 d. 1000 mg/1

141. The maximum permissible concentration of sulphate is waters to be used for curing
and mixing of concrete is …………..
a. 250 mg/1 b. 500 mg/1
20 
 
 c. 1000 mg/1 d. 2000 mg/1

142. The permissible pH value in mg/1 for drinking water may range between ………
a. 50. And 6.0 b. 6.0 and 7.0
c. 7.0 and 8.0 d. 8.0 and 9.0

143. Excessive withdrawal of sand along with well water may cause
a. Erosion b. Corrosion
c. Incrustation d. None

144. Turbidity of water is measured using

a. Turbidity rod b. Turbidity meter
c. Barometer d. Both a and b

145. Water is coloured because of

a. Dissolved organic matter b. Coloured soils
c. Both d. None

146. The colour of water can be detected by

a. Nessler tubes b. Naked eye
c. Tinometer d. Nephelometers

147. The taste and odours of water is due to the presence of

a. Dissolved gases b. Mineral substance
c. Both d. None

148. The dissolved gases in water, which gives taste and odour, are
a. Sulphuric acid b. Methane
c. Carbodioxide and oxygen d. All of the above

149. pH value of water is

a. 8 b. 10
c. 7 d. 9

150. The presence of nitrogen in water may occur in the forms of

a. Free ammonia b. Nitrites
c. Nitrates d. All of the above

21 
 
151. The substance, which renders tissues incapable of oxygen exchanges, is
a. Cyanide b. Fluorine
c. Chlorine d. Barium

152. Which substance is radio active?

a. Sodium b. Flourine
c. Chlorine d. Uranium

153. A minute single cell organism possessing no defined nucleolus and having no green
material to help them manufacture their own food. Name it.
a. Virus b. Bacteria
c. Both d. None

154. Spherical shaped bacteria

a. Bacilli b. Cocus
c. Vibrios d. Spirilla

155. Curved bacteria

a. Bacilli b. Cocus
c. Vibrios d. Spirilla

156. One micron is equal to

a. 10-7 meter b. 10-8 meter
c. 10-6 meter d. 10-10 meter

157. Bacteria which requires oxygen for their survival are

a. Aerobic b. Anaerobic
c. Faculative d. All of the above

158. Bacteria are harmless and under certain conditions beneficial to human beings,
animals and crops are called
a. Non pathogenic bacteria b. Non pathogens
c. Both d. None

159. Bacteria which are deadly foes of man and animals and may enter their tissues,
causing serious water borne diseases are
a. Pathogenic b. Aerobic
c. Facultative d. All
22 
 
160. The Size and shape of the particle can be altered by the addition of certain chemicals
in water.
a. Coagulants b. Crystallization
c. Both d. None

161. The new social problem created by the introduction of irrigation, water logging
keeps drains stagnant, resulting in the incidence of malaria due to the congenial
atmosphere created by the growth of
a. Mosquito larva b. Silkworm
c. None d. Earthworm

23 
 
 7. UTILIZATION OF WATER

162. From the total plan, how much does the Indian government spend for "water supply
and sanitation"
a. 1-10% b. 1-5%
c. 1-2% d. 1-3%

163. Minimum domestic water consumption (Annual Average. for Indian towns and
cities with full flushing systems as per IS 1172-1993) for drinking water is
a. 10 1/h/d b. 12 1/h/d
c. 3 1/h/d d. 5 1/h/d

164. Water consumption in liters per head per day as per IS 1172-1993 for bathing is
a. 20 b. 30
c. 95 d. 75

165. Minimum domestic water consumption (Annual average) for weaker sections and
LIG colonies in small Indian Towns and cities for washing clothes is
a. 10 1/h/d b. 20 1/h/d
c. 30 1/h/d d. 40 1/h/d

166. IS code in fact lays down a limit on domestic water consumption between
a. 134_2261/h/d b. 135_225 1/h/d
c. 135.5_226.5 1/h/d d. 133_226 1/h/d

167. The total domestic water consumption from total water consumption usually
amounts to
a. 40-50% b. 50-60%
c. 60-70% d. 70-80%

168. The ordinary per capital consumption on account of Industrial needs of a city is
generally taken as
a. 30 liters/person/day b. 40 liters/person/day
c. 50 liters/person/day d. 60 liters/person/day

169. Unit of production or raw material used for distillery is

a. Liter b. Milli liter
c. Hecta liter d. Kilo liter

170. The minimum water pressure available at fire hydrants should be of the order of
24 
 
 a. 200-250 kN/m2 b. 100-150 kN/m2
c. 300-350 kN/m2 d. 50-100 kN/m2

171. To throw the fire at high speeds fire fighting personnels require
a. Fuel b. Water
c. Both d. None

172. The water consumption ranges between 100 to 360 liters/capital/day for
a. Chinese condition b. Japan condition
c. American condition d. Indian condition

173. Water consumption of a city depends on

a. Size of the city b. Climatic condition
c. Habits of people d. All of the above

174. The % of water covered by sea around the world is

a. 96% b. 97%
c. 96.2% d. 97.1%

175. The % of water covered by fresh water is

a. 3.1% b. 3%
c. 3.2% d. 3.5%

176. The chemical gas used to filter water is

a. Chlorine b. Chloroform
c. Chloride d. Chloro nitrogen

177. In the factories, for what purpose is water used monthly?

a. Cleaning b. Cooling
c. Both d. Production

178. In the paper work, how much water is used in preparation of one newspaper?
a. 570 liters b. 574 liters
c. 560 liters d. 564 liters

179. The collection of water in the tanks is termed as

a. Irrigation b. Well
25 
 
 c. Stocking d. None

180. How much land is worked by irrigation around the world?

a. 220 million b. 220.1 million
c. 219 million d. 219.1 million

181. The percentage of water in human body is

a. 65% b. 65.1%
c. 65.2% d. 64%

182. All of you would have known an elephant. Elephant also has water in its body. How
much water does an elephant possess in its body?
a. 72% b. 78%
c. 70% d. 90%

183. How much of water is inside the body of a jelly fish?

a. 100% b. 98%
c. 95% d. 90%

184. Milk is also made up of some percentage of water. What is the percentage of water
in milk?
a. 95% b. 92%
c. 94% d. 98%

185. The total percentage of water present in an orange is

a. 80% b. 85%
c. 90% d. 95%

186. The total percentage of water present in the potato is

a. 80% b. 85%
c. 90% d. 95%

187. The total percentage of water in bread is

a. 30% b. 40%
c. 50% d. 60%

188. How much water is present in a tomato?

a. 95% b. 90%
c. 98% d. 97%
26 
 
189. What is the chemical name for aqua fortis?
a. Sulphuric acid b. Nitric acid
c. Hydrochloric acid d. Benzoic acid

190. The total capacity of Chennai reservoirs is ……………

a. 800mcft b. 744mcft
c. 7412mcft d. 522mcft

191. What is the amount of rainfall received by Chennai reservoirs so far?

a. 800mm b. 744mm
c. 755mm d. 522mm

192. What is the expected normal rainfall in Chennai?

a. 100mm b. 200mm
c. 240mm d. 1400mm

193. What is expected normal rainfall in Chennai during the month of December?
a. 130mm b. 100mm
c. 220mm d. 20mm

194. How many liters of water is provided to the Chennai people every day?
a. 225 million liters b. 100 million liters
c. 330 million liters d. 500 million liters

195. Which year recorded maximum amount of rainfall in Chennai?

a. 1982 b. 1983
c. 1999 d. 2000

196. Mangrove type of ecosystem is seen in southern part of India. Where is it?
a. Mudumalai b. Sathyamangalam
c. Pichavaram d. Muttukadu

197. Name the lagoon which is seen in Tamilnadu

a. Pichavaram b. Mudumalai
c. Both d. None
198. The public health and industrial uses depends on the
a. Population growth and industrial expansion
b. Dynamic ground water resources
c. Drinking water
27 
 
 d. None

199. Which type of land use consumes more water?

a. Agriculture b. Industrial
c. Drinking d. Bathing

200. People always complain about water scarcity on a global level, how much of water
is utilized by each of them?
a. 50% b. 20%
c. 10% d. 70%

201. Industry consumes water for their production and its consumption is greater than
house hold. What percentage of fresh water is consumed?
a. 30 % b. 40%
c. 80% d. 20%
202. Continuing ground water depletion may reduce grain production in coming decades
by
a. 20 to 30% b. 30 to 40%
c. 10 to 20% d. 60 to 70%

203. Water evaporates and forms parts of the atmosphere in the form of water vapour, this
water vapor forms into clouds in atmosphere at a height of
a. 10km b. 30 km
c. 20 km d. 60 km

204. We know agriculture utilizes more water for irrigation but it is not sufficient due to
losses by
a. Transpiration b. Evaporation
c. Evapo – transpiration d. All of the above

205. To avoid losses of water in agriculture in the form of irrigation, what should the
government subsidize first?
a. Drip b. sprinkle
c. Furrow d. border

206. Farmers utilized far too much of groundwater by

a. Over pumping of groundwater b. Wells
c. Both d. None

207. What is used to black water?

28 
 
 a. Conduit b. Levee
c. Sewer d. Spigot

208. Which acts were passed long back even before India got independence
a. The north India drainage act b. The Bombay irrigation act
c. The Bengal irrigation act d. All

209. How is rain fall measured?

a. By the gallon b. By the barrel
c. By the quart d. By the inch

29 
 
 8. HUMAN CONSUMPTION

210. National water policy, announced by the N.W.R.C in India, gives the top priority to
a. Drinking water b. Hydropower
c. Irrigation water d. None

211. The average domestic water consumption in liters per person per day for an Indian
city approximates to
a. 75 b. 105
c. 135 d. 270

212. The average water consumption in liters per person per day for designing a water
supply project for a city in our country may be approximately considered to be
a. 105 b. 135
c. 207 d. 450

213. The per capita water demand include

a. Domestic water demand only
b. Domestic as well as commercial water demand
c. Domestic, commercial, as well as industrial water demand
d. None

30 
 
 9. WATERBORNE DISEASE

214. When fluoride concentration in water exceeds 1.5 mg or so, the disease that may be
caused is ………..
a. Methaemoglobinemia b. Fluorosis
c. Poliomyelitis d. Dental caries in children

215. A pathogenic organism of unicellular/protozoan group is ………..

a. Escherichia coli b. Salmonella typhi
c. Entamoeba hystolytica d. None of the above

216. The bacteria which survive in the absence of oxygen are called ……………
a. Anaerobic b. Aerobic
c. Facultative d. E-coli

217. The bacteria which survive in the presence as well as absence of oxygen are called
………….
a. Anaerobic b. Aerobic
c. Facultative d. E-coli

218. A harmful organism, which may be present in faecal matter is ………….

a. Bacteria coli b. Escherichia coli
c. Vibrio cholera d. None of the above

31 
 
 10. WATER

219. What is the most widely used fine powdery coagulant called?
a. Aluminum sulphate b. Aluminum
c. Aluminum carbonate d. Calcium carbonate

220. The water flows to the huge reservoirs for a final treatment the kills
a. Wastages b. Bacteria
c. Iodine d. Chlorine

221. The plants disinfect water by adding _____

a. Iodine b. Chlorine
c. Fluorine d. None of these

222. Which is the oldest and most common method of turning saltwater into fresh water
___
?
a. Crystallization b. Distillation
c. Filtration d. Condensation

223. The average water consumption per day per person is maximum for
a. Residential quarters b. Factories
c. Airport d. Railway junctions

224. Breweries and distilleries preferably require ……………

a. Hard waters b. Soft waters
c. Portable waters d. None of these

225. For steel plants, the chloride content of processed water should be ……………..
a. Higher b. Lower
c. Portable d. None of these

226. For boilers, the water to be used should preferably be …………….

a. Hard b. Soft
c. Portable d. None of above

32 
 
227. Desalination involves ……………………………
a. Removal of salinity from the saline soil
b. Removal of hardness from the hard water
c. Removal of radioactive substances from the water
d. None of the above

228. The desalination process, which uses micro porous membranes is ……………..
a. Electro dialysis b. Solar distillation
c. Freezing d. None of these

33 
 
 11. IMPACT OF WATER

229. The dissolved water is found in

a. Minerals b. Drinking water
c. Both d. None

230. One of the trace element is

a. Calcium b. Fluorine
c. Chlorine d. None
231. One of the minerals in water is
a. Fluorine b. Calcium
c. Chlorine d. None

232. The dirty water is also called

a. Sewage b. Draingae
c. Both a and b d. None

233. Are you aware of how much rainfall is falling annually in India?
a. 117cm b. 100cm
c. 10cm d. 200cm

234. Thousands of years ago, the Sahara in northern Africa was a fertile plain. Say
whether this statement is true or false?
a. True b. False

235. How much of earth's surface is covered by deseart?

a. 1/9 b. 2/3
c. 1/7 d. 5/7

236. Dryness of land is called ……………..

a. Fertile b. Drought
c. Sandy d. Sluggy
237. Bare soil is formed as a result of ………………
a. Over flooding b. Over grazing
c. Over harvesting d. All the above

238. Name the area where the desert has spread recently to south to Sahara?
a. Libya b. Algeria
c. Amazon d. Sahel

239. The acids are absorbed by rain clouds, and this results in ……………………
34 
 
 a. Stone rain b. Snow fall
c. Acid rain d. No rain

240. The component of acid rain is ………………….

a. Hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid
b. Sulphuric acid and nitric acid
c. Acetic acid and benzoic acid
d. Nitric acid and hydrochloric aicd

241. Areas of forest in eastern North America, central Europe and parts of Asia are dying
because of ………………
a. Snow fall b. Rainfall
c. Acid rain d. None

242. Will acid rain attack the stone work of building?

a. Yes b. No

243. The pollutants in river water affects……….

a. Living organism in water b. Plants
c. Both d. None

244. Human waste is called ……………..

a. Sewage b. Chemical waste
c. Both d. None

245. Cholera, typhoid, infectious hepatitis and bacterial dysentery are ……………
a. Air borne diseases b. Water borne diseases
c. Both d. None

246. Depletion in ozone layer is due to_________

a. UV rays b. IR rays
c. Both d. None

247. What is the percentage of freshwater present in the total amount of water?
a. 50% b. 3%
c. 1% d. 25%

248. What is the dielectric constant of water of 250 c?

a. 100.52 b. 78.54
35 
 
 c. 98.15 d. 10.69

249. Water exhibits highest density at the frozen state at……….

a. 00c b. 50c
c. 100c d. 40c

250. In any medium the force of attraction between two oppositely charged particles is
called………
a. Electromotive force b. Ionic force
c. Electrostatic force d. All the above

251. Name the bond by which the water molecule is bonded?

a. Oxygen bond b. Chlorine bond
c. Hydroxyl bond d. Hydrogen bond

252. Most of the rivers are alkaline in nature, but there is an exception, one of the state
has rivers which are neutral or slightly acidic in nature, name the state?
a. Tamilnadu b. Bihar
c. Kerala d. Assam

36 
 
 12. WATER EVERY WHERE

253. Forms of ice caps are

a. Cool water b. Ice water
c. Frozen water d. None of these

254. Hard water is undesirable in

A. Soap consumption b. Scaling of boilers
c. Making food tasteless d. All of the above

255. What are the particles to participate in condensation?

a. Ice caps b. Collections of tiny droplets
c. Collects of big droplets d. None

256. Where would the underground water stay ?

a. Soil and Rocks b. Mountain
c. Rivers d. None

257. The trees take water from ground and release it as moisture through their leaves and
other green parts into the atmosphere. This is called
a. Evaporation b. Transpiration
c. Freezing d. None

258. The value termed for measuring the amount of liquid, is

a. Volume b. Density
c. Mass d. Liters

259. The water is broken down in to tiny particles. The term is known as
a. Dissolved b. Evaporation
c. Condensation d. None

37 
 
 13. TEMPLE TANKS

260. In south India, the eastern coastal plain is drained by …………. major rivers
a. 3 b. 4
c. 9 d. 5

261. In south India which state has the highest rainfall?

a. Karnataka b. Tamil Nadu
c. Kerala d. Andhra Pradesh

262. Which ghats get a direct bath in the south – west monsoon rainfalls?
a. Western ghats b. Tamil Nadu
c. Eastern ghats d. None

38 
 
 14. WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING

263. The volume of water stored in the reservation between the minimum [pool level land
the normal pool level is called
a. Useful storage
b. Un useful storage
c. Flood mitigation
d. None

264. Water stored in the reservoir below the minimum pool level is known as
a. Dead storage b. Useful storage
c. Conservation d. None

265. The deposition of sediment in the reservoir is known as

a. Reservoir silting b. Reservoir sedimentation
c. Both d. None

266. Moisture present in the atmosphere comes back as rainfall over the subcontinent is
about
a. 20 to 25% b. 30 to 35%
c. 40 to 45% d. 50 to 55%

267. Out of this 400 M ha-m of total precipitation, water lost in evaporation and
transpiration is
a. 20 M ha-m b. 30 M ha-m
c. 60 M ha-m d. 70 M ha-m

268. From total precipitation water infiltrating into ground is about

a. 215 M ha-m b. 213 M ha-m
c. 212 M ha-m d. 216 M ha-m

269. Total flow or run off in a surface stream is the combination of surface run off and the
run off derived from the underground water called
a. Base flow b. Rapid flow
c. Both d. None

39 
 
270. When the size is larger than pond it may be termed as
a. Lake b. River
c. Basins d. None

271. A natural large sized depression formed within the surface of the earth, which gets
filled up with water
a. Pond b. Lake
c. Both d. None

272. The intensity of the depression is small compared to lakes in

a. Ponds b. Rivers
c. Basins d. None

273. The rivers, where water is available throughout the year are said to be
a. Perennial b. Non-perennial
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

274. The pool or artificial lake formed on the upstream side of the dam is known as
a. Storage reservoir b. Tanks
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

275. The volume of water stored in the reservoir between the minimum pool level and the
normal pool level is called
a. Useful storage b. Un-useful storage
c. Flood mitigation d. None

276. We generally mean extracting the water from below the water table through
a. Infiltration wells b. Springs
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

277. A long pipe or a tube is bored or drilled deep into the ground, intercepting one or
more water bearing strata
a. Tube wells b. Shallow wells
c. Deep wells d. None

40 
 
278. Heavy pumping of the well causes heavy drawn down. This method is known as

a. Over pumping b. Rewhiding

c. Both (a) and (b) d. None

279. In north major Himalayan land is used for

a. Cultivation b. Forest
c. Shifting cultivation d. None

280. In which month, the water losses due to evaporation is more

a. April b. May
c. June d. March

281. Seepage loses of water is more in which month

a. October b. December
c. May d. June

282. In Ladakh, the annual precipitation ranges from

a. 8 cm b. 7 cm
c. 6 cm d. 9 cm

283. In Jammu the annual precipitation ranges from

a. 100cm b. 150cm
c. 160cm d. 115cm

284. In hills of Himachal Pradesh the annual precipitation ranges from

a. 50 to 350 cm b. 70 to 600 cm
c. 80 to 750 cm d. 70 to 520 cm

285. The eroded, gulled lands, ravines along the banks of the Yamuna, Chambal, Mahi
and other rivers occupy nearly
a. 5 million hectares b. 4 million hectares
c. 3 million hectares d. 2 million hectares

286. The valley located between the outer Himalays in the North and Shivalik ranges in
the South
a. Doon b. Kashmir
c. Gangeous d. None

41 
 
 15. WATER HARVESTING

287. Water harvesting stands for collection

a. and storage of form water b. and storage of rain water
c. of any kind of water d. all above

288. Importance of harvested water is greater

a. in arid and semi arid regions
b. in humid regions
c. at the places where construction of water structure is very costly
d. both a & b

289. The source of water to be harvested is

a. rainwater b. sheet flow
c. intermittent and perennial water d. all above

290. Harvested water can be used for the purpose of

a. domestic use b. irrigating crops
c. fish farming d. all

291. The roof water harvesting is mainly meant for

a. domestic supply b. irrigating crops
c. fish farming d. both a & b

292. The runoff harvesting relatively for shorter duration can be performed by the
structures
a. semi circular hoop b. trapezoidal or graded bund
c. rock catchments and ground catchments d. all

293. The semi circular hoops used for short term runoff harvesting
a. are constructed on contour
b. have their tip opening on contour of the area
c. are constructed along the field channels
d. none

294. For water harvesting, semi circular hoop are arranged in

a. staggered form b. alternate form
c. irregular form d. none

42 
 
295. The water harvested by using semicircular hoop, can be utilized for
a. irrigating grasses, fodders, shrubs or trees b. fish farming
c. cattle feeding d. domestic use

296. The water harvested by trapezoidal bunds can be utilized for irrigating
a. grain crops b. grasses
c. shrubs and tress d. all

297. The graded bunds for water harvesting are constructed by using
a. earth materials or stone b. stone only
c. earth materials only d. RCC

298. The run off harvested by graded bunds, is utilized for

a. irrigating crops b. fish farming
c. domestic use d. industrial use

299. The water harvesting by rock catchment is performed through

a. Depression b. Entire catchment
c. foot hill part d. all

300. The water harvested by rock catchment is generally used for

a. domestic purpose b. irrigating crops
c. fish farming d. industrial use

301. Run off yield from a watershed can be increased by

a. clearing all vegetations b. growth vegetations
c. compacting the soil d. all

302. The long term water harvesting is done for the purpose of
a. irrigation b. fish farming
c. electricity generation d. all

303. In dugout ponds the lining is essential to

a. conserve its maximum storage capacity b. reduce seepage loss
c. reduce evaporation loss d. both a & b

43 
 
304. The embankment type reservoirs for water harvesting are constructed by forming
dam or embankment around the
a. depression of catchment b. valley
c. river only d. both a & b

305. Water harvested by silt detention dams are utilized for the purpose of
a. irrigation b. fish farming
c. domestic use d. all

306. The location of silt detention dam is fixed

a. at any point in the water shed
b. at higher elevation in water shed
c. at lower reaches of catchment where water enters the valley and finally released
into stream
d. all
307. For water harvesting, the high level bunds are constructed at
a. gully head b. depressed part of water shed
c. either sides of gully d. none of above

308. The percolation dams constructed for water harvesting have the provision for
a. checking the percolation loss b. not checking the percolation loss
c. silt detention d. silt removal

309. The percolation dams for water harvesting are constructed at

a. gully bed with depression b. gully head
c. any point in the watershed d. depressed point in the water shed

310. The silt detention dams harvest the water

a. over the surface into pond b. into voids of detented silts
c. into gully d. none of the above

311. The sand dams harvest the water into

a. ponds as free water b. voids of silted area
c. sand reservoir d. both b & c

44 
 
 16. WATER CONSERVATION

312. The maximum water requirement in terms of delta is maximum for

a. Rice b. Tobacco
c. Potatoes d. Sugarcane

313. In what region of Tamilnadu is rainwater harvesting being used to salinity ingress
into coastal freshwater acquifers?
a. Chennai b. Coimbatore
c. Salem d. Tiruchirapalli

314. Name the country, which has 50% of its total land area as catchment area?
a. Singapore b. England
c. Africa d. Russia

315. Which area with urban water bodies today stand as dumping grounds in India?
a. Hyderabad b. Karnataka
c. Maharashtra d. Rajasthan

45 
 
 17. SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION IN INDIA

316. Soil suitable for agriculture

a. under ground soil b. top soil
c. both a and b d. none

317. To feed the world's population in the year 2001, agriculture production has to be
increased by
a. 70% b. 80%
c. 60% d. 50%

318. To meet the additional food demands FAO expects additional cultivatable lands of
about
a. 100 million hectares b. 200 million hectares
c. 300 million hectares d. 400 million hectares

319. Total historic loss of land through soil degradation is put at

a. 3 billion hectares b. 1 billion hectares
c. 2 billion hectares d. 1.5 billion hectares

320. The geographical area of India is

a. 328.5 million hectares b. 328 million hectares
c. 327.5 million hectares d. 327 million hectares

321. Detachment and transportation of the soil is defined as

a. Erosion b. corrosion
c. both a and b d. none

322. Running water, wind, waves of the sea and moving ice cause a certain amount of
erosion called
a. geological erosion b. natural erosion
c. both a and b d. none

323. In Karnataka, what have led to the improvement to boosted yields and soil moisture
regimes?
a. Farm ponds b. Riverbeds
c. Backwaters d. Artificial Lakes

46 
 
324. In what state is the example of community involvement seen in water harvesting?
a. Gujarat b. Maharashtra
c. Karnataka d. West Bengal

325. In what country is the subsidies given to people to install systems?

a. Japan b. Greece
c. France d. Russia

326. In what country is the rainwater captured in natural and artificial depressions. Which
often act as source of water?
a. Pakistan b. Africa
c. America d. England

327. In what country is the rainwater captured in available resource like tree trunks and
rock cavities?
a. Sri Lanka b. Malaysia
c. England d. Russia

328. What region of Rajasthan is the home to rich legacy of traditional water harvesting
systems?
a. Mewar region b. Udaipur district
c. Alwar district d. Jaipur district

329. The bundlekand region of Madhya Pradesh has which district, the highest irrigated
district of the state?
a. Tikamgarh district b. Meghnagar district
c. Jhabua district d. Ranapur district

330. Which region of Andhra Pradesh is a home to a host of traditional water harvesting
systems?
a. Rayalaseema region b. Chittor district
c. Kurnool district d. Secunderabad
331. Which districts of Orissa, spring water was channelized into field in terraced paddy
fields?
a. Ganjam and Koraput Districts b. Cuttack districts
c. Bhubaneshwar districts d. Kendrapada districts

47 
 
332. In which area of Maharashtra did the kohils build tanks in all sizes using their I
inherent wisdom?
a. Bhandara districts b. Pune
c. Mumbai d. Nagpur

333. In what region of Madhya Pradesh is the well built and was undertaken with much
funfare?
a. Vidisha districts b. Thandla districts
c. Kakrapada d. Alirajpur

334. Which town has water bodies taken over by land sharks and steady decline in size?
a. Khandwa b. Udaipur
c. Koraput d. Kurnool

335. Which district in Madhya Pradesh stands as an outstanding example of a government

run watershed programme?
a. Jhabua district b. Alirajpur
c. Udaygarg d. Thandla

336. Which state in Germany has an increased tax paying system for storm water drains
to motivate rainwater harvesting?
a. Bonn state b. Hamburg
c. Berlin d. East Germany

337. In Israel what has contributed significantly to efficient rainwater harvesting?

a. Micro catchments b. Storm water drains
c. Pavement drains d. Tanks

338. In the cold deserts of Ladakh, what are the means to collect rainwater in lower
altitude regions?
a. Artificial glaciers b. Wells
c. Pits d. Tubewells

339. In coastal Kerala, rooftop rainwater is directed and where are they collected?
a. Ferro cement tanks b. Tunnels
c. Tube wells d. Pavement tunnels

48 
 
340. In what region of Tamilnadu is rain water harvesting being used to salinity ingress
into coastal freshwater acquifers?
a. Chennai b. Coimbatore
c. Salem d. Tiruchirapalli

341. Name the country , which has 50% of its total land area as catchment area?
a. Singapore b. England
c. Africa d. Russia

342. Which area with urban water bodies today stand as dumping grounds in India?
a. Hyderabad b. Karnataka
c. Maharashtra d. Rajasthan

343. In Karnataka, what have led to the improvement to boosted yields and soil moisture
regimes?
a. Farm ponds b. Riverbeds
c. Backwaters d. Artificial Lakes

344. In which state is the example of community involvement seen in water harvesting?
a. Gujarat b. Maharashtra
c. Karnataka d. West Bengal

345. In which country is the subsidies given to people to install systems?

a. Japan b. France
c. Greece d. Russia

346. In which country is the rainwater captured in natural and artificial depressions,
which often act as source of water?
a. Pakistan b. Africa
c. America d. England

347. In which country is the rainwater captured in available resources like tree trunks and
rock cavities?
a. Sri Lanka b. Malaysia
c. England d. Russia

49 
 
348. In which region of Rajasthan is the home to a rich legacy of traditional water
harvesting systems?
a. Mewar region b. Udaipur district
c. Alwar district d. Jaipur district

349. The Bundlekand region of Madhya Pradesh has which district, the highest irrigated
district of the state?
a. Tikamgarh district b. Meghnagar district
c. Jhabua district d. Ranapur district

350. Which region of Andhra Pradesh is a home to a host of traditional water harvesting
systems?
a. Rayalaseema region b. Chittoor district
c. Kurnool district d. Secunderabad
351. Which districts of Orissa, spring water was channelized into fields in terraced paddy
fields?
a. Ganjam and Koraput districts b. Cuttack districts
c. Bhubaneshwar districts d. Kendrapada districts

352. In which area of Maharashtra did the kohils built tanks in all sizes using their
inherent wisdom?
a. Bhandara districts b. Pune
c. Mumbai d. Nagpur

353. In which region of Madhya Pradesh in the well built was undertaken with much
funfare?
a. Vidisha districts b. Thandla districts
c. Kakrapada d. Alirajpur

354. Which town has water bodies taken over by land sharks and steady decline in size?
a. Khandwa b. Udaipur
c. Koraput d. Kurnool

355. Which district in Madhya Pradesh stands as an outstanding example of a government

run watershed programme?

a. Jhabua district b. Alirajpur

c. Udaygarg d. Thandla

50 
 
356. Which state in Germany has an increased tax paying system for storm water drains
to motivate rainwater harvesting?
a. Bonn state b. Hamburg
c. Berlin d. East Germany

357. In Israel what has contributed significantly to efficient rainwater harvesting?

a. Micro catchments b. Storm water drains
c. Pavement drains d. Tanks

358. In the cold deserts of Ladakh, what are the means to collect rainwater in lower
altitude regions?
a. Artificial glaciers b. Wells
c. Pits d. Tube wells

359. In coastal Kerala, rooftop rainwater is directed and where are they collected?
a. Ferro cement tanks b. Tube wells
c. Tunnels d. Pavement tunnels

51 
 
 18. WATER RESOURCES

360. Water conservation techniques are ……….

a. sprinkler b. drip irrigation c. artificial lake d. both (a) and (b)

361. Ground water serves best as a resource of the earth in what ways?
a. replemishable b. scarce
c. evenly distributed d. more than average

362. What is called the greatest user of ground water?

a. agriculture b. rural water supply
c. industry d. chemical purposes

363. What is the area of India in cms?

a. 114 b. 80
c. 200 d. 50

364. Brick-lined dug well existed in the country as early as

a. Indus valley civilization b. Mughal period
c. Since India become independent d. Pallavas time

365. What does the 50% of total land formations in the country comprises of?
a. crystallines b. river alluvium
c. trap d. sand gravels

366. What do the arid zones of Rajasthan and Gujarat having excess concentration of
fluoride in ground water result in?
a. mottling of teeth b. saline patches
c. sulphuretted water d. boson contamination

367. What does the ground water the can be developed at a small capital cost with
efficiency in irrigation?
a. small b. medium
c. average d. high

368. What dose the remote sensing technique employs the surveying of infra – red visible
microwave radiation reflected from earth?
a. surface b. sub surfacing
c. bottom layers d. acquifer

52 
 
369. Rain gauges are erected
a. vertically 30cms above ground level
b. perpendicular to ground surface
c. horizontally 60 cm above ground level
d. parallel to 75 cm above ground level

370. Vegetation tends to

a. decrease the runoff from the catchment
b. does not affect the runoff
c. Increase the runoff from the catchment
d. none of the above

371. Isohyets are lines joining all places having

a. same depth of rainfall
b. same temperature
c. same depth of ground water table
d. same atmospheric pressure

372. The rain gauge readings are taken every day at

a. 08.30 and 08.30 hr Ist b. 08.00 and 18.00 hr Ist
c. 08.30 and 17.30 hr Ist d. 08.00 and 14.00 hr Ist

373. The Symons rain gauge gives

a. total depth b. Zones of occurrence and recharge
c. optimum sparing of wells d. all the above

374. The self – recording rain gauge gives a continuous

a. Intensity & duration of rainfall b. hourly rainfall
c. one day rainfall d. underground freshwaters

53 
 
 19. IRRIGATION

375. India's economy lies on its agriculture? Why is it so?

a. Does not affected by variabilities in weather
b. Affected by variabilities in weather
c. both
d. none

376. Drip irrigation was first commercialized by Israeli agronomists in the

a. 1960's b. 1970's
c. 1980's d. 1990's

377. The main gauges set up by the India meteorological departments and state
governments
a. 3000 b. 4000
c. 5000 d. 8000

378. On an average, 130 main days in a year in the country and on 75 days the rainfall is
of the above magnitude. On the remaining 55 days of rainfall, on the commencement
of rainfall there is similar commencement of rainfall there
a. Evaporation b. Evapo transpiration
c. Both d. None of these

379. There is evaporation loss of the order of 20% from major and medium reservoirs and
40% from tanks. The percentage loss is greater in tanks because they are……………
a. Relatively shallow b. Deep valley
c. Both d. None of these

380. As they rainy season flows cannot be fully utilized during that short period, water
has to be stored. Suitable sites for dams, which can only be built in the hills
a. For large storage reservoirs b. For large tank
c. For large pond d. For large lake

381. The use of waters of a river need not be confined to it's………………

a. Own basin b. River basin
c. Sea basin d. Lake basin

54 
 
382. Energy requirements in irrigation pumping may be broadly grouped into………
a. Pumping for wells b. River and canal
c. Both d. None

383. In a _______________________ system the schedules of delivery are fully flexible

and controlled by user namely the farmer.
a. Supply based b. Demand based
c. both d. none

384. Run-off farming is still is in use in the deserts of__________&___________ today.

a. Mexico & Arizona b. Libya and Nigeria
c. Germany and Italy d. None of these

385. What is IRR?

a. Indian rivers rate b. Internal rate of return
c. Internal ratio rate d. none of the above

386. What does FMIS stands for?

a. Farmer managed irrigation system
b. Fertile managed irrigation system
c. Fore scenic medical investigation service
d. None of the above

387. How does FMIS works at present?

a. Independent system
b. Joint system
c. Corporate system
d. none of the above

388. FMIS is helpful in

a. Participation in local irrigation activities
b. Participation in all type of irrigation activities
c. Both
d. None of the above

55 
 
389. What does IQR stands for
a. Irrigation quality control
b. Inter-quartile ratio
c. International quality control
d. none of the above

390. What are the main objectives of FMIS?

a. Standard of living b. Productivity
c. Effectiveness d. All of the above

391. What are the objectives for creating new FMIS?

a. Conflict management b. Profitability of irrigation
c. Both d. None of the above

56 
 
 Answer Key

1. a. 40. a & b. 79. a. 118. c.

2. a. 41. c. 80. a. 119. d.
3. a. 42. a. 81. a. 120. b.
4. a. 43. d. 82. a. 121. c.
5. a. 44. d. 83. b. 122. b.
6. a. 45. c. 84. c. 123. a.
7. b. 46. d. 85. d. 124. b.
8. c. 47. b. 86. a. 125. d.
9. c. 48. b. 87. a. 126. b.
10. a. 49. b. 88. a. 127. b.
11. b. 50. d. 89. b. 128. b.
12. b. 51. b. 90. a. 129. c.
13. a. 52. a. 91. b. 130. b.
14. a. 53. d. 92. a. 131. b.
15. d. 54. c. 93. d. 132. a.
16. d. 55. b. 94. a. 133. d.
17. a. 56. d. 95. a. 134. c.
18. a. 57. c. 96. b. 135. b.
19. a. 58. a. 97. b. 136. b.
20. c. 59. b. 98. b. 137. a.
21. d. 60. b. 99. c. 138. c.
22. a. 61. d. 100. a. 139. b.
23. a. 62. c. 101. b. 140. b.
24. d. 63. a. 102. a. 141. b.
25. b. 64. a. 103. d. 142. c.

57 
 
26. d. 65. c. 104. a. 143. b.
27. b. 66. a. 105. b. 144. d.
28. d. 67. c. 106. a. 145. c.
29. a. 68. c. 107. a. 146. d.
30. a. 69. c. 108. d. 147. c.
31. a. 70. a. 109. a. 148. d.
32. d. 71. c. 110. b. 149. c.
33. c. 72. a. 111. d. 150. d.
34. b. 73. b. 112. d. 151. a.
35. b. 74. a. 113. d. 152. d.
36. a. 75. a. 114. c. 153. b.
37. d. 76. b. 115. a. 154. b.
38. b. 77. a. 116. b. 155. c.
39. b. 78. d. 117. c. 156. c.
157. a. 196. c. 235. c. 274. a.
158. c. 197. a. 236. b. 275. a.
159. a. 198. a. 237. b. 276. c.
160. a. 199. a. 238. d. 277. a.
161. a. 200. c. 239. c. 278. a.
162. d. 201. d. 240. b. 279. b.
163. d. 202. c. 241. c. 280. b.
164. d. 203. a. 242. d. 281. a.
165. b. 204. b. 243. c. 282. a.
166. b. 205. a. 244. a. 283. d.
167. b. 206. a. 245. b. 284. a.
168. c. 207. b. 246. a. 285. b.
169. d. 208. a. 247. b. 286. a.

58 
 
170. a. 209. a. 248. b. 287. d.
171. b. 210. a. 249. d. 288. a.
172. d. 211. c. 250. c. 289. d.
173. d. 212. c. 251. d. 290. d.
174. b. 213. c. 252. c. 291. a.
175. b. 214. b. 253. c. 292. d.
176. a. 215. c. 254. d. 293. b.
177. a. 216. a. 255. a. 294. a.
178. a. 217. c. 256. b. 295. a.
179. a. 218. c. 257. a. 296. d.
180. a. 219. a. 258. c. 297. a.
181. a. 220. d. 259. d. 298. a.
182. a. 221. c. 260. b. 299. a.
183. c. 222. b. 261. a. 300. a.
184. a. 223. a. 262. a. 301. a.
185. b. 224. a. 263. a. 302. d.
186. a. 225. b. 264. a. 303. d.
187. b. 226. b. 265. c. 304. d.
188. a. 227. d. 266. b. 305. a.
189. b. 228. a. 267. d. 306. a.
190. c. 229. b. 268. a. 307. a.
191. b. 230. b. 269. a. 308. a.
192. d. 231. b. 270. a. 309. b.
193. a. 232. c. 271. a. 310. b.
194. a. 233. a. 272. a. 311. d.
195. b. 234. a. 273. a. 312. a.
313. a. 347. a. 378. a.

59 
 
314. a. 348. a. 379. a.
315. a. 349. a. 380. a.
316. b. 350. a. 381. a.
317. c. 351. a. 382. c.
318. b. 352. a. 383. -
319. a. 353. a. 384. a.
320. b. 354. a. 385. a.
321. a. 355. a. 386. a.
322. c. 356. a. 387. a.
323. a. 357. a. 388. a.
324. a. 358. a. 389. b.
325. a. 359. a. 390. d.
326. a. 360. d. 391. b.
327. a. 361. a.
328. a. 362. a.
329. a. 363. a.
330. a. 364. a.
331. a. 365. a.
332. a. 366. a.
333. a. 367. a.
334. a. 368. a.
335. a. 369. a.
336. a. 370. a.
337. a. 371. a.
338. a. 372. a.
339. a. 373. a.
340. a. 374. a.

60 
 
341. a. 375. a.
342. a. 376. b.
343. a. 377. a.
344. a. 345. a.
346. a.

61