Power System Analysis Objective questions and Answers

1) How is the voltage and frequency controlled in automatic generation control?

a. By controlling the excitation
b. By controlling the turbine action
c. Turbine speed control for voltage and excitation control for frequency
d. Excitation control for voltage and turbine speed control for voltage.
ANSWER: Turbine speed control for voltage and excitation control for frequency
2) Which among these is related to the critical clearing time of a fault in a power system?
a. Transient stability limit
b. Steady state stability limit
c. Frequency limit
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Transient stability limit
3) Which among these cannot be determined from equal area criterion?
a. Critical clearing angle
b. Critical clearing time
c. Transient stability limit
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Critical clearing time
4) What are the common assumptions made for the equal area criterion?
a. The transmission line and machine resistances are neglected.
b. Rotor speed of the machine is constant
c. Mechanical input remains constant.
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: All of these
5) For which among the following cases is the equal area criterion of stability used?
a. One machine and infinite bus bar
b. No load on bus bar
c. Many machines and infinite bus bar
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: One machine and infinite bus bar
6) Which stability information is obtained from the equal area criterion?
a. Absolute stability
b. Transient stability
c. Steady state stability
d. Both (b) and (c)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Absolute stability
7) Under what condition is the system stable under equal area criterion?
a. The area under the curve Pa – δ curve must increase to ∞.
b. The area under the curve Pa – δ curve must become equal to 1
c. The area under the curve Pa – δ curve must reduce to zero.
d. None of these
ANSWER: The area under the curve Pa – δ curve must reduce to zero
8) Why are the series capacitors used?
a. Improve the voltage
b. Reduce the fault level
c. Compensate for line inductive reactance and improve the stability of the power system.
d. Improves the power factor
ANSWER: Compensate for line inductive reactance and improve the stability of the power system.
9) Which among the following methods are used to improve steady state stability?
a. Reducing the reactance between the transmission and receiving points.
b. By using bundled conductors.
c. By increasing the excitation of generator or motor or both.
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: All of these
10) What is the range of ‘δ’ for stable operation?
a. 0° < δ < 45°
b. 45° < δ < 90°
c. 0° < δ < 90°
d. 0° < δ < 120°
ANSWER: 0° < δ < 90°
11) At what value of ‘δ’ the maximum power transfer takes place?
a. 45 °
b. 90 °
c. 120 °
d. 180 °
ANSWER: 90 °
12) Which point on the graph represents the steady state stability limit of the system?

a. Point A
b. Point B
c. Point C
d. Point D
ANSWER: Point A
13) What are the main applications of the swing curves?
a. Designing the rotor field windings
b. Designing the protective devices
c. Used to limit the size of the machine
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Designing the protective devices
14) What kind of differential equation is swing equation?
a. Linear second order
b. Non linear first order
c. Linear first order
d. Non linear second order
ANSWER: Non linear second order
15) What is / are the major assumptions made in the calculation of swing equations?
a. Damper windings are neglected
b. The machine is lossless
c. The machine has to run at synchronous speed
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Both (a) and (b)
16) What is the fault current expression in case of LLG faults?
a. If = 3 Ia1
b. If = 0
c. If = 3 Ia0
d. If = Ia1
ANSWER: If = 3 Ia0
17) For economic measure the generators at a power plant operate at _____________.
a. Equal incremental cost
b. Equal loads
c. Equal power rating
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Equal incremental cost
18) Which among the following methods are highly accurate?
a. Gauss Seidel method
b. Newton Raphson method
c. Fast decoupled low flow method
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Newton Raphson method
19) For what studies are the FDLF method used?
a. Optimisation studies
b. Multiple load flow studies
c. Small size systems
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Both (a) and (b)
20) What type of convergence takes place in NR method?
a. Linear convergence
b. Geometric convergence
c. Quadratic convergence
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Quadratic convergence

21) Which among the following is / are used for the solution of load flow using FDLF
method?
a. [(Δ P) / E] = [B' ] [Δ δ]
b. [(Δ Q) / E] = [B" ] [ Δ E]
c. [(Δ P) / E] = [B" ] [ Δ δ]
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Both (a) and (b)
22) Initially what will be the voltage at all the PQ buses for solving the load flow problem
using NR method?
a. Vi = 1 ∠ 90°
b. Vi = 1 ∠ 0°
c. Vi = 1 ∠ 180°
d. Vi = 1 ∠ 45°
ANSWER: Vi = 1 ∠ 0°
23) What is the size of the sub matrix “H “of the jacobian, if n1 is the number of PV buses
and n2 the number of PQ buses?
a. (n1 + n2)2
b. n1 * n2
c. (n1 + n2) n1
d. (n1 + n2) n2
ANSWER: (n1 + n2)2
24) What does the swing equation describe?
a. The relative motion of rotor with the field windings of the machine
b. The relative motion of the rotor with respect to stator field as a function of time.
c. The relative motion of stator field with the rated frequency of the machine
d. The performance curve of the machine

ANSWER: The relative motion of the rotor with respect to stator field as a function of time
25) What is the result of frequency instability?
a. Voltage collapse
b. Frequency swings
c. Tripping of generating units
d. Both (b) and (c)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Both (b) and (c)
26) What is frequency stability?
a. To maintain steady frequency following severe disturbance resulting in the imbalance between
transformer and load
b. To maintain steady frequency following severe disturbances resulting in the imbalance
between generators and load
c. To maintain a steady frequency in all the protection components and the transmission lines.
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. All of these
ANSWER: To maintain steady frequency following severe disturbances resulting in the imbalance
between generators and load
27) What is the value of transient stability limit?
a. Higher than steady state stability limit
b. Lower than steady state stability limit.
c. Depending upon the severity of load
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Lower than steady state stability limit.
28) By using which component can the transient stability limit of a power system be
improved?
a. Series resistance
b. Series capacitor
c. Series inductor
d. Shunt resistance
ANSWER: Series capacitor
29) Which among these is a classification of power system stability?
a. Frequency stability
b. Voltage stability
c. Rotor angle stability
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: All of these
30) How are the zero sequence and negative sequence networks connected in case of LLG
faults?
a. Parallel
b. Series
c. Can be connected in either way
d. Such type of connection does not exist
ANSWER: Parallel
31) What is the expression for the current Ia2, if a double line to ground fault occurs on an
unloaded generator through fault impedance?
a. Ia2 = - Ia1 * (Z0 + 3Zf) / ( Z0 + Z2 + 3Zf)
b. Ia2 = - Ia1 * (Z0 + 3Zf + Z2) / ( Z0 + Z2 + 3Zf)
c. Ia2 = - Ia0 * (Z0 + Zf) / ( Z0 + Z2 + 3Zf)
d. Ia2 = - Ia1 * Z2 * (Z0 + 3Zf) / ( Z0 + Z2 + 3Zf)
ANSWER: Ia2 = - Ia1 * (Z0 + 3Zf) / ( Z0 + Z2 + 3Zf)
32) What is the value of fault current If, if the neutral grounding is absent in LLG fault?
a. If = - 3 Ia1 ( Z2 / Z2 + Z1)
b. If = 0
c. If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2 + Z0)
d. If = 3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2 + Z0
ANSWER: If = 0
33) What will be the value of current Ia, if the fault occurs between the lines B, C and
ground?
a. Ia = 1
b. Ia = 0
c. Ia = ∞
d. Ia = - (Ib + Ic )
ANSWER: Ia = 0
34) What percentage of fault occurring in the power system is LLG fault?
a. 20 %
b. 30 %
c. 5 %
d. 10 %
ANSWER: 10 %
35) What percentage of fault occurring in the power system is line to line fault?
a. 5 %
b. 30 %
c. 25 %
d. 15 %
ANSWER: 15 %
36) Which among these is the connection diagram for line to line faults?

a. Only a
b. Only b
c. Only c
d. Only d
e. None of these
ANSWER: Only c
37) What is the expression for fault current in line to line fault?
a. If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2)
b. If = 3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2)
c. If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2 + Z0)
d. If = 3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2 + Z0)
ANSWER: If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2)
38) What is the value of zero sequence impedance in line to line faults?
a. Z0 = 1
b. Z0 = ∞
c. Z0 = 3 Zn
d. Z0 = 0
ANSWER: Z0 = 0
39) Which among the following matrix is sparse?
a. Jacobian matrix only
b. Y bus matrix only
c. Z bus matrix only
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Both (a) and (b)
40)What is the main drawback in NR method?
a. Slow to converge
b. A large memory allocation is required to store the jacobian matrix
c. The number of iterations is more
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: A large memory allocation is required to store the jacobian matrix
41) What is the value of acceleration factor used in the GS method?
a. 2.3 – 2.7
b. 1.6 – 2.0
c. 1.2 – 1.5
d. 2.4 – 2.9
ANSWER: 1.6 – 2.0
42) Which among the following is the main assumption to solve a load flow problem by
GS method?
a. All the buses are to be considered as PQ bus including the slack bus.
b. All the buses are to be considered as PV bus including the slack bus.
c. All the buses are to be considered as PQ bus excluding the slack bus.
d. All the buses are to be considered as PV bus excluding the slack bus.
ANSWER: All the buses are to be considered as PQ bus excluding the slack bus.
43)Which among the following buses constitute the maximum number in a power system?
a. Slack bus
b. P Q bus
c. P V bus
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: P Q bus
44) Which among theses quantities are to be determined in slack bus?
a. P and Q
b. Q and |V|
c. |V| and δ
d. Q and δ
ANSWER: P and Q
45) What are the terminal conditions in case of SLG fault, if the fault occurs in the phase
A?
a. Vb = 0, Ia = 0, Ic = 0
b. Va = 0, Ib = 0, Ic = 0
c. Va = 0, Ia = 0, Ic = 0
d. Vb = 0, Ia = 0, Ib = 0
ANSWER: Va = 0, Ib = 0, Ic = 0
46) Zero sequence currents cannot flow in which of the following connections?
a. Delta
b. Star
c. Star – star
d. Both (b) and (c)
e. All of these
ANSWER: Delta
47) If the value of Ia = 100∠0° and Ib = 75∠-50° in a three phase three wire system, what
will be the value of negative sequence current?
a. 23.12 ∠ -96.02 °
b. 59.12 ∠ -73.47 °
c. 76.21 ∠-84.25 °
d. 41.25 ∠ -36.85 °
ANSWER: 59.12 ∠ -73.47 °
48) Which among the following quantities are to be determined in voltage controlled bus?
a. P and Q
b. Q and |V|
c. |V| and δ
d. Q and δ
ANSWER: Q and δ
49) What is the element of the graph that is not included in the tree called?
a. Links
b. Branches
c. Oriented graph
d. All of these
ANSWER: Links
50) Which among the following formulae is used for addition of an admittance element
into the bus?
a. Yii new = Yii old - y
b. Yii new = Yii old + y
c. Yii new = Yii old - Yij old
d. Yii new = Yii old + Yij old
ANSWER: Yii new = Yii old + y
51) What is an oriented graph?
a. A connection of network topology, represented by replacing all physical elements by lines.
b. A graph in which the direction is assigned to each branch.
c. A graph where at least one path exists between any two nodes of the graph.
d. None of these
ANSWER: A graph in which the direction is assigned to each branch.
52) What is the per unit system (PU)?
a. A ratio of actual value in any units to the base or reference value in the same units
b. A ratio of the base or reference value in any units to the actual value in the same units.
c. Ratio of the square of the actual value in any units to the square of base or the reference value
in the same units
d. All of these
ANSWER: A ratio of actual value in any units to the base or reference value in the same units
53) Which among the following reactance have a greater value?
a. Sub transient reactance
b. Transient reactance
c. Synchronous reactance
d. All of these
e. None of these
ANSWER: Synchronous reactance
54) Which among these is the most severe fault?
a. Single line to ground fault.
b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault
d. Symmetrical fault.
ANSWER: Symmetrical fault.
55) A graph is said to be a directed graph if ________ of the graph has direction.
a) 1 branch
b) 2 branches
c) 3 branches
d) every branch
Answer: d
56). The number of branches incident at the node of a graph is called?
a) degree of the node
b) order of the node
c) status of the node
d) number of the node
Answer: a
57). Number of twigs in a tree are? n- number of nodes
a) n
b) n+1
c) n-1
d) n-2
Answer: c
57). Loops which contain only one link are independent are called?
a) open loops
b) closed loops
c) basic loops
d) none of the above
Answer: c
58). If a graph consists of 5 nodes, then the number of twigs in the tree are?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: d
59). If there are 4 branches, 3 nodes then number of links in a co-tree are?
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
Answer: a
60) Consider the graph shown in the question 3 above. If a tree of the graph has branches 4, 5, 6, then
one of the links will be?
a) 3
b) 4
c) 5
d) 6
Answer: a
61). Consider the graph shown below. The direction of the loop currents will be? (ACW –
Anticlockwise, CW – Clockwise).

a) I1 ACW
b) I2 ACW
c) I3 CW
d) I4 ACW
Answer: a
62). The number of tie set matrices formed from a graph are?
a) NN-1
b) NN
c) NN-2
d) NN+1
Answer: c
63)This set of Network Theory Interview Questions and Answers focuses on “Cut-Set and Tree Branch
Voltages”
1. The direction of the cut-set is?
a) same as the direction of the branch current
b) opposite to the direction of the link current
c) same as the direction of the link current
d) opposite to the direction of the branch current
Answer: a
64). For every tree there will be _____ number of cut set matrices.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: a
65). The matrix formed by link branches of a tie set matrix is?
a) Row matrix
b) Column matrix
c) Diagonal matrix
d) Identity matrix
Answer: d