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Adaptation

An adaptation is… a change in an

organism that help it survive and

reproduce in its environment.

 Tropism… is the response of an

organism toward or away from a

stimulus.

 Remember:

◦ Stimulus is something that produce

a response of an organism.1

Tropism in plants

Phototropism – response toward light

Plants react to sunlight

as a response to carry

out photosynthesis.1

 Hydrotropism – response toward water

 Plants response to

moisture and look

for the availability

of water.1

 Gravitropism – response to gravity1


Plants response to

gravity.

 This response can be

either positive or

negative.

 Positive Gravitropism -

Roots grow down

 Negative Gravitropism –

Stems grow upward

against gravity.2

Other adaptation

 Some plants can produce secretions or

oils, like the poison-ivy plant. If you

pull it out from the ground may cause

a severe rash.

 Thorns are another

kind of adaptation

of plants2

Camouflage

◦ An appearance that makes

something look like its surrounding;

could be its shape or color.

◦ Example:
Color Camouflage

-Chameleon

Shape Camouflage

-Stick bug3

minercy

An adaptation in which the animal is

protected against predators by its

resemblance to another animal.

 It looks like, but it’s not!!3

Adaptation to cold environment

 Insulation – refers to a material that

does not conduct heat well.

◦ Examples:

 Birds – feathers

 Whales – blubber

 Some mammals - fur3

Adaptation in hot environment

Animals must be able to get rid of

excess heat.

 In desserts we can found:

◦ Fennec – have huge ears that provide a large


surface area from which heat can escape.

◦ Camels – Their humps are made of fat, so they

can live off this stored fat when food is scarce.

*Other animals dig themselves to escape the heat

of summer or the cold winter in the dessert.4

Behavior and migration

 Animals can respond by instinct or

with the help of a learned behavior.

 An instinct… is an inherited behavior

that is done automatically.

◦ An instinct can not be learned.

◦ Examples: Feed, built nests, attract 4

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