Organelle Function/s

The cell membrane keeps the cell together by containing the organelles within
Cell membrane it. Cell membranes are selectively-permeable, allowing materials to move both
into and outside of the cell.
Centrosomes The centrosomes contain the centrioles, which are responsible for cell-division.
Cytoplasm Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that is sometimes described as "the cell-
matrix". It holds the organelles in place within the cell.
Golgi Apparatus The Golgi apparatus of a cell is usually connected to an endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) because it stores and then transports the proteins produced in the ER.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Network of internal membranes; site of membrane lipid & protein synthesis
"Rough" indicates that there are ribosomes attached to the surfaces of the
Rough E.R endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is where proteins and
lipids are produced within the cell, and is also concerned with the transport of
these materials within the cell.
"Smooth" indicates that there are no ribosomes attached to the surfaces of the
Smooth E.R endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is where proteins and
lipids are produced within the cell, and is also concerned with the transport of
these materials within the cell.
Ribosome Ribosomes interpret cellular information from the nucleus and so synthesize
appropriate proteins, as required.
Lysosomes are tiny sacs filled with enzymes that enable the cell to utilize its
Lysosome nutrients. Lysosomes also destroy the cell after it has died, though there are
some circumstances (diseases/conditions) in which lysosomes begin to 'break-
down' living cells.
Peroxisome Helps in digesting long chains of fatty acids and amino acids and help in
synthesis of cholesterol.
"Mitochondria" is a plural term; which is appropriate as these are not found
alone. The quantity of mitochondria within cells varies with the type of cell.
Mitochondria These are the energy producers within the cell. They generate energy in the
form of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP). Generally, the more energy a cell
needs, the more mitochondria it contains.
Microvilli Their function is to increase the surface area of the cell, which is the area
through which diffusion of materials both into, and out of, the cell is possible.
Microtubules They are hollow rods, function primarily as support and shape to the cell.
Nucleolus The nucleolus is responsible for the cell organelles
Nuclear Pore Nuclear pores permit substances (such as nutrients, waste, and cellular
information) to pass both into, and out of, the nucleus.
Nuclear Membrane The nuclear membrane separates the nucleus and the nucleolus from the rest of
the contents of the cell.
Vacuole They are large storage organelles. They store excess food or water.
Centriole Organize the microtubules assembly during cell division.