Show your neat and complete solutions to the following problems. Box your final answer.

I. A group of ten children were playing in the playground.

a. If there were six girls and 4 boys, how many arrangements of boys and girls are
possible?
b. The children formed a pyramid with four of the children forming the base. Three
children knelt on the base of four children. Two children knelt on top of the three
and a single child stood at the top. How many different pyramids can be formed?
c. Next they formed a circle. However, three of the children were siblings and would
not want to be separated. Moreover, the two sisters want their brother to always be
between them. How many circles can be formed?
d. Before they left, each child hugged each other to say goodbye. But the three
siblings and two quarreling boys refused to hug each other. How many hugs are
possible?
e. Three yayas arrived to pick up the children. If the yayas did not mind who they
picked, how many possible ways will the yayas pick them up? Each yaya needs to
have at least three children with her.

II. The probability that a randomly picked ADMU student watches Felicity is 0.40 the
probability that a randomly picked ADMU student watches Buffy the Vampire Slayer
is 0.45. The probability that a randomly picked ADMU student watches neither
Felicity nor Buffy is 0.40.
a. What is the probability that a randomly picked student watches both Felicity
and Buffy?
b. What is the probability that a randomly picked student watches Buffy only and
not Felicity?
c. What is the probability that a randomly picked student watches exactly one of
the shows?
d. What is the probability that two randomly picked students both do not watch
either Buffy or Felicity?

III. From the past, it is known that 80% of all students taking up Statistics study one day
before a scheduled examination. The rest study on the day itself of the exam.
Moreover, it is also known that for the students who study one day before the exam,
30% do so for less than 1 hour, 50 % study for 1 to 2 hours; and, the remaining study
for more than 2 hours. For those students who study on the day itself, 45% do so for
less than 1 hour, 40% study for 1 to 2 hours; and, the rest study for more than 2 hours.
A student is selected at random,
a.) What is the probability that he/she studied for 1 to 2 hours?
b.) What is the probability that he/she studied for less than 1 hour one day before the
exam?
c.) If it is known that he/she studied for more than 2 hours, what is the probability that
he/she did so only on the day itself of them exam?
d.) If it was found out that he studied for 1 to 2 hours, what is the probability that he
did so one day before the exam?
e.) What is the probability that he/she studied on the day itself of the exam given that
he/she studied for less than 1 hour?
f.) What is the probability that he/she did not study one day before the exam given
that he/she did not study for less than 1 hour?
IV.
Four different math books, six different physics books, and two different chemistry
books are to be arranged in a row on a shelf. How many different arrangements are
possible if:
a. there are no constraints?
b. the books in each subject should always be together?
c. only the physics books are always together?
d. the math books cannot be beside each other?
e. if the books were to be arranged in a circle such that the books of the same field
were always together, how many different ways can they be arranged?
f. the books were to be shipped out and placed in three equally sized boxes that can
have a maximum of four books. If all four math books should always be in one
box, how many ways can the books be boxed? Use all three boxes.

V. Gamby the Gambler has always dreamt of becoming rich through gambling. Thus he
is always interested in playing games of chance.
a. In the “four-digit” game, a player is supposed to list down four numbers from 0 to
9. Repetitions are allowed and 0 can be used for any of the four digits but a player
will only win if he gets all four numbers in correct order. How many “four-digit”
numbers can Gamby form in this manner?
b. In the Megalotto (or 6/45) game, a player is supposed to choose six numbers from
1 to 45. A player wins if he gets all six numbers regardless of their order. How
many different sets of numbers can Gamby play?
c. In a university basketball league composed of 8 teams, each team must play
against another team twice for the entire season. If Gamby wants to watch all the
games, help him compute for the number of games that will be played.
d. In a horse-racing game (with only the first three placers receiving cash prizes),
Gamby decided to bet on a horse named Golden Star. In how many ways can the
race be concluded with Golden Star in the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd place if a total of horses
joined?

VI. Twelve engineering students, composed of a couple (a boy and a girl) from each of
the six departments, decided to watch Pearl Harbour on their first day of school.
a. If three boys decided to bring and drive their own cars, in how many ways can
they get inside the cars which have a maximum capacity of 5, 4, and 4,
respectively (including the driver)?
b. In order to facilitate the buying of movie tickets and snacks, they decided to form
two committees with 4 members each. In how many different ways can the
committee be formed if each should be composed of two boys and two girls?
c. Once inside the cinema, they sat in a row of 15 empty seats. How many different
orderings of males, females, and empty seat are possible?
d. Before heading home, they passed by a restaurant to have some coffee. If they sat
in a circular table good for 12 persons, how many different arrangements are
possible
d. 1. assuming the couples must sit beside each other?
d. 2. if the ECE, MEE, and MEM guys insist on sitting beside each other?
e. While drinking their coffee, the group decided to choose an overall head, a
logistics coordinator, and a treasurer who will organize their gimmick. How many
outcomes are possible
e. 1. without any restrictions?
 e. 2. if the female IE volunteered to be treasurer?

VII. Mr. Rep Eater, a 3rd year student in Industrial Engineering is currently taking up two
of his major subjects: Operations Research (OPERES1) and Facilities Programming
and Design (PRODMA1). The trimester is nearing its homestretch and Rep is a little
worried about his chances of passing. So far, he knows that his quiz average in
OPERES1 and PRODMA1 is 45% and 42%, respectively. He was also informed by
his teacher in PRODMA1 that he got a grade of 60% for his assignments. The passing
grade for OPERES1 and PRODMA1 is STRICTLY set at 70% and 60%,
respectively. (This means that any fraction of a point below these marks will be
considered failing.) Also, Rep’s teachers do not round off scores in ALL stages of the
final grade computation process. The following table provides the breakdown of the
composition of a student’s final grade:

OPERES1 PRODMA1
Item % of Final Grade Item % of Final Grade
Quiz Average 50 Quiz Average 60
Final Exam 30 Final Exam 30
Term Project 20 Assignments 10
TOTAL 100 TOTAL 100
The teacher in OPERES1 has decided to grade the term project only in multiples of 10
points. This means that only grades of 0, 10, 20, …, 90, 100 are possible for the term
project. On the other hand, a student may get any INTEGER score from 0 to 100 for
the final exam in both OPERES1 and PRODMA1.
The following assumptions have been made:
1. Mr. Rep Eater complied with all the requirements of both courses.
2. His performance in the final exam and term project of OPERES1 is independent
of his performance in the quizzes.
3. His performance in the final exam of PRODMA1 is independent of his
performance in the quizzes and assignments.
4. His final grade in OPERES1 is independent of his final grade in PRODMA1.

Note: Round off all probability computations to FOUR decimal figures.

What is the probability that Mr. Rep Eater:
a. passed both OPERES1 and PRODMA1?
b. passed neither OPERES1 and PRODMA1?
c. passes in at most one of the two courses?
d. fails in exactly one of the two courses?

VIII. Rep Eater, an ex-convict, is suspected of murdering his wife, Denise Lister. When
interrogated by police, Rep denied killing his wife. Since police doubt Rep’s
testimony due to his past criminal records, they compelled him to take the lie detector
test.
The lie detector device has been proven to be more accurate in detecting truths than
lies. It is 80% accurate in detecting truths but only 60% accurate in detecting a person
who is lying.
Rep failed the lie detector test and lawyers/prosecutors used the results of this test as
supporting evidence in court. From similar cases in the past, 80% of suspected
criminals who failed the lie detector test were convicted in court while only 40% of
those who passed the lie detector test got convicted.
 If the probability that Rep lied to the interrogating officer AND was detected by the
lie detector device is 42%:
a. Draw the 3-stage tree diagram and indicate the given probabilities on the
appropriate branches.
b. Find the probability that Rep was telling the truth when interrogated by the police
officer.
c. Find the probability that Rep will be convicted in court.
d. Find the probability that justice will prevail in the death of Denise Lister.
e. Find the probability that Rep will pass the lie detector test.

IX. There are 40 students in a QUAMETH class. After talking to each one of them, the
professor found out that:
1. of the 10 students, 24 are also taking up IECOSAC;
2. 18 out of the 40 students are in the dean’s list;
3. only 8 of the 40 students are not in the dean’s list and not taking up IECOSAC;
4. 4 out of every 9 students are not talking up IECOSAC given that they are in the
dean’s list.
a. Suppose a student is selected at random. What is the probability that the student is
not in the dean’s list given that s/he is not taking up IECOSAC?
b. Find the probability that a student chosen at random is either taking up IECOSAC
or in the dean’s list or both.
c. Given that a student is in the dean’s list, what is the probability that s/he is taking
up IECOSAC?
d. What is the probability that a dean’s lister is not taking up IECOSAC?
e. Suppose 3 students are chosen at random. What is the probability that all three
students are dean’s lister given that they are not taking up IECOSAC?