Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
&
Recent bearing capacity theories
For square footing:
qu=1.2cNc+γDfNq+0.4γBNγ
B=dimension of each side of footing
The bearing capacity can be expressed as: sc, sq & sγ=shape factors
𝑞𝑢 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 𝑑𝑐 𝑖𝑐 + 𝑞𝑜 𝑁𝑞 𝑠𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑖𝑞 + 0.5𝛾𝐵𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑑𝛾 𝑖𝛾 dc, dq & dγ=depth factors
ic, iq & iγ=load inclination
B
factors
qo τ E
Df qu III o
D
G A B 90-Ф
Linear III I II
II C
Logarithmic spiral Logarithmic spiral
P
Terzaghi’s failure Meyerhof’s failure surfaces
surfaces
Comparisons of Terzaghi’s and Meyerhof’s analysis
- Terzaghi’s failure surface extends up to the base level of footing, while Meyerhof’s failure
surface extends up to ground surface.
-In Terzaghi’s analysis the bearing capacity factors depends only on φ, while in Meyerhof’s
analysis it depends on φ, shape, depth, and roughness of base of footing.
Meyerhof’s bearing capacity analysis (Meyerhof, 1951, 1963)
𝑁𝑐 = 𝑁𝑞 − 1 𝑐𝑜𝑡Ф
Ф
𝑁𝑞 = 𝑒 𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛 Ф 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 45 +
2
Nγ = Nq − 1 tan 1.4Ф
Hansen’s bearing capacity analysis
(Hansen (1957, 1970))
𝑞𝑢 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 𝑑𝑐 𝑖𝑐 𝑏𝑐 𝑔𝑐 + 𝑞𝑜 𝑁𝑞 𝑠𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑖𝑞 𝑏𝑞 𝑔𝑞 + 0.5𝛾𝐵𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑑𝛾 𝑖𝛾 𝑏𝛾 𝑔𝛾
𝑁𝑐 = 𝑁𝑞 − 1 𝑐𝑜𝑡Ф
Ф
𝑁𝑞 = 𝑒 𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛 Ф 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 45 +
2
Nγ = 1.5 Nq − 1 tan Ф
Vesic’s bearing capacity analysis
(Vesic (1973, 1974))
𝑞𝑢 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 𝑑𝑐 𝑖𝑐 𝑏𝑐 𝑔𝑐 + 𝑞𝑜 𝑁𝑞 𝑠𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑖𝑞 𝑏𝑞 𝑔𝑞 + 0.5𝛾𝐵𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑑𝛾 𝑖𝛾 𝑏𝛾 𝑔𝛾
𝑁𝑐 = 𝑁𝑞 − 1 𝑐𝑜𝑡Ф
Ф
𝑁𝑞 = 𝑒 𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛 Ф 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 45 +
2
𝑁𝛾 = 2 𝑁𝑞 + 1 𝑡𝑎𝑛Ф
Skempton’s bearing capacity analysis
for cohesive soil
The bearing capacity can be expressed as:
𝑞𝑢 = 𝑐𝑢 𝑁𝑐 + 𝛾𝐷𝑓
For strip footing
𝐷𝑓
𝑁𝑐 = 5.14 1 + 0.2
𝐵
For square and circular footings
𝐷𝑓
𝑁𝑐 = 6.2 1 + 0.2
𝐵
For the footing resting on the surface:
• Nc= 5.14 for strip footing
• Nc= 6.2 for square or circular footing
The maximum values of Nc are 7.5 for strip footing
and 9 for square or circular footing.
Skempton’s bearing capacity analysis
for cohesive soil
Df/B
IS code recommendations
Qu
ey L’=L-2ey
x x Failure surface
L
In case of eccentric loading,
reduced dimension B’ and L’
are used to determine the
ultimate bearing capacity of
soil.
y Effective area for calculating
B Qu is,
A’=L’*B’
Maximum and minimum base
pressures
B
e x
The maximum pressure (pmax) and minimum pressure (pmin) can be obtained by substituting,
𝐵𝐿3 𝐿𝐵 3 𝐵 𝐿
𝐼𝑥 = , 𝐼𝑦 = ,𝑥= ,𝑦= -To avoid tension between
12 12 2 2
𝑄 6𝑒𝑥 6𝑒𝑦 footing base and soil,
𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1+ + ex<B/6 and ey<L/6.
𝐴 𝐵 𝐿
𝑄 6𝑒𝑥 6𝑒𝑦
-The load (Q) should fall
𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝐴
1−
𝐵
−
𝐿 within a middle third.
Allowable bearing pressure from SPT
values
Peck, Hanson and Thornburn (1974) method
• Initial straight line portion radiating from the origin gives the
safe bearing capacity with a factor of safety of 2.
• Later horizontal portion gives the safe bearing pressure/safe
settlement pressure for a permissible settlement of 25mm.
Allowable bearing pressure from SPT
values
Peck, Hanson and Thornburn’s (1974) method
Where,
N=average SPT number, corrected for overburden pressure
and dilatancy
s=Permissible settlement in mm
Cw=water table correction factor
𝐷𝑤
𝐶𝑤 = 0.5 + 0.5( )
𝐷𝑓 + 𝐵
Allowable bearing pressure from SPT
values
Teng’s (1962) method
𝐵+0.3 2
𝑞𝑛𝜌 = 12.2 𝑁 𝑅𝑤2 𝑅𝑑 (kN/m2) for B≥1.2
𝐵