Transactional Behavior Verification in Business Process As A Service Configuration

Transactional Behavior Verification in Business
Process as a Service Configuration
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ABSTRACT
Business Process as a Service (BPaaS) is an emerging type of cloud service that

offers configurable and executable business processes to clients over the Internet. As
BPaaS is still in early years of research, many open issues remain. Managing the
configuration of BPaaS builds on areas such as software product lines and configurable
business processes. The problem has concerns to consider from several perspectives,
such as the different types of variable features, constraints between configuration
options, and satisfying the requirements provided by the client. In our approach, we use
temporal logic templates to elicit transactional requirements from clients that the
configured service must adhere to. For formalizing constraints over configuration,
feature models are used. To manage all these concerns during BPaaS configuration, we
develop a structured process that applies formal methods while directing clients
through specifying transactional requirements and selecting configurable features. The
Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) analysis is then used to verify that the selected
configurable features do not violate any constraints. Finally, model checking is applied
to verify the configured service against the transactional requirement set. We
demonstrate the feasibility of our approach with several validation scenarios and
performance evaluations.
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS.
EXISTING SYSTEM:
Existing approaches that manage cloud service evolution focus on requirements such as
process structure fairness , and preserving elasticity and multi-tenancy . To the best of
our knowledge, complex properties such as transactional requirements are yet to
receive attention in this area. The work presented in this article will hopefully provide
avenues for addressing a host of opportunities present in the early stages of BPaaS
research.
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
There is an increasing research interest in related areas such as configurable

cloud service applications, and configurable or adaptive business process models.
Based on our analysis of related work as well as the various uses of BPaaS as outlined
by the scenarios, we identify a set of criteria as shown in , and group them in two
categories, namely, Support, focused on the modeling of the business process, and
Correctness, focused on the verification of process correctness. The Support criteria are
related to the business process expressiveness enabled by the approach. The Process
Formalism criterion identifies how the approach expresses business processes. If
business process structures are not explicitly incorporated in the approach, the value is
left blank. The next criteria specify whether it is capable of modeling resource and data
and configurability
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SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Processor : II Gen Processor
Mother Board : 61 Chipset Mother Board
Hard Disk : 160 GB.
Monitor : 15inch Monitor.
Keyboard : PS/2 or USB Keyboard
Mouse : Optical Mouse.
Ram : 2 GB DDR 2 .
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Operating system : Windows 7 Ultimate.
Coding Language : ASP.Net with C#
Front-End : Visual Studio 2010 Professional.
Data Base : SQL Server 2008.
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SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
MICROSOFT .NET
Microsoft .NET is a set of Microsoft software technologies for rapidly building
and integrating XML Web services, Microsoft Windows-based applications, and Web
solutions. The .NET Framework is a language-neutral platform for writing programs
that can easily and securely interoperate. There’s no language barrier with .NET: there
are numerous languages available to the developer including Managed C++, C#, Visual
Basic and Java Script. The .NET framework provides the foundation for components to
interact seamlessly, whether locally or remotely on different platforms. It standardizes
common data types and communications protocols so that components created in
different languages can easily interoperate.
“.NET” is also the collective name given to various software components built
upon the .NET platform. These will be both products (Visual Studio.NET and
Windows.NET Server, for instance) and services (like Passport, .NET My Services,
and so on).
THE .NET FRAMEWORK
The .NET Framework has two main parts:

1. The Common Language Runtime (CLR).
2. A hierarchical set of class libraries.
The CLR is described as the “execution engine” of .NET. It provides the

environment within which programs run. The most important features are
 Conversion from a low-level assembler-style language, called Intermediate
Language (IL), into code native to the platform being executed on.
 Memory management, notably including garbage collection.
 Checking and enforcing security restrictions on the running code.
 Loading and executing programs, with version control and other such
features.
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THE .NET FRAMEWORK ARCHITECTURE
Fig1 .Net Framework Architecture
Architecture is explained form bottom to top in the following discussion.
1. At the bottom of the Architecture is Common Language Runtime. NET

Framework common language runtime resides on top of the operating system
services. The common language runtime loads and executes code that targets
the runtime. This code is therefore called managed code. The runtime gives you,
for example, the ability for cross-language integration.
2. .NET Framework provides a rich set of Class Libraries. These include base
classes, like networking and input/output classes, a data class library for data
access, and classes for use by programming tools, such as debugging services.
All of them are brought together by the Services Framework, which sits on top
of the common language runtime.
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3. ADO.NET is Microsoft’s ActiveX Data Object (ADO) model for the .NET
Framework. ADO.NET is not simply the migration of the popular ADO model
to the managed environment but a completely new paradigm for data access and
manipulation. ADO.NET is intended specifically for developing web
applications. This is evident from its two major design principles:
 Disconnected Datasets - In ADO.NET, almost all data

manipulation is done outside the context of an open database
connection.
 Effortless Data Exchange with XML - Datasets can converse in
the universal data format of the Web, namely XML.
4. The 4th layer of the framework consists of the Windows application model
and, in parallel, the Web application model. The Web application model-in the
slide presented as ASP.NET-includes Web Forms and Web Services. ASP.NET
comes with built-in Web Forms controls, which are responsible for generating
the user interface. They mirror typical HTML widgets like text boxes or
buttons. If these controls do not fit your needs, you are free to create your own
user controls. Web Services brings you a model to bind different applications
over the Internet. This model is based on existing infrastructure and applications
and is therefore standard-based, simple, and adaptable. Web Services are
software solutions delivered via Internet to any device. Today, that means Web
browsers on computers, for the most part, but the device-agnostic design of
.NET will eliminate this limitation.
5. One of the obvious themes of .NET is unification and interoperability between

various programming languages. In order to achieve this; certain rules must be
laid and all the languages must follow these rules. In other words we cannot
have languages running around creating their own extensions and their own
fancy new data types. CLS is the collection of the rules and constraints that
every language (that seeks to achieve .NET compatibility) must follow.
6. The CLR and the .NET Frameworks in general, however, are designed in such a
way that code written in one language can not only seamlessly be used by
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another language. Hence ASP.NET can be programmed in any of the .NET
compatible language whether it is VB.NET, C#, Managed C++ or JScript.NET.
OTHER FEATURES OF DOT NET
Managed Code
The code that targets .NET, and which contains certain extra Information -
“metadata” - to describe itself. Whilst both managed and unmanaged code can run in
the runtime, only managed code contains the information that allows the CLR to
guarantee, for instance, safe execution and interoperability.
Managed Data
With Managed Code comes Managed Data. CLR provides memory allocation
and Deal location facilities, and garbage collection. Some .NET languages use
Managed Data by default, such as C#, Visual Basic.NET and JScript.NET, whereas
others, namely C++, do not. Targeting CLR can, depending on the language you’re
using, impose certain constraints on the features available. As with managed and
unmanaged code, one can have both managed and unmanaged data in .NET
applications - data that doesn’t get garbage collected but instead is looked after by
unmanaged code.
Common Type System

The CLR uses something called the Common Type System (CTS) to strictly
enforce type-safety. This ensures that all classes are compatible with each other, by
describing types in a common way. CTS define how types work within the runtime,
which enables types in one language to interoperate with types in another language,
including cross-language exception handling. As well as ensuring that types are only
used in appropriate ways, the runtime also ensures that code doesn’t attempt to access
memory that hasn’t been allocated to it.
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Common Language Specification
The CLR provides built-in support for language interoperability. To ensure that
you can develop managed code that can be fully used by developers using any
programming language, a set of language features and rules for using them called the
Common Language Specification (CLS) has been defined. Components that follow
these rules and expose only CLS features are considered CLS-compliant.
The Class Library

.NET provides a single-rooted hierarchy of classes, containing over 7000 types.
The root of the namespace is called System; this contains basic types like Byte, Double,
Boolean, and String, as well as Object. All objects derive from System. Object. As well
as objects, there are value types. Value types can be allocated on the stack, which can
provide useful flexibility. There are also efficient means of converting value types to
object types if and when necessary.
The set of classes is pretty comprehensive, providing collections, file, screen,

and network I/O, threading, and so on, as well as XML and database connectivity. The
class library is subdivided into a number of sets (or namespaces), each providing
distinct areas of functionality, with dependencies between the namespaces kept to a
minimum.
Languages Supported by .NET

The multi-language capability of the .NET Framework and Visual Studio .NET
enables developers to use their existing programming skills to build all types of
applications and XML Web services. The .NET framework supports new versions of
Microsoft’s old favorites Visual Basic and C++ (as VB.NET and Managed C++), but
there are also a number of new additions to the family.
Visual Basic .NET has been updated to include many new and improved
language features that make it a powerful object-oriented programming language.
These features include inheritance, interfaces, and overloading, among others. Visual
Basic also now supports structured exception handling, custom attributes and also
supports multi-threading.
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Visual Basic .NET is also CLS compliant, which means that any CLS-
compliant language can use the classes, objects, and components you create in Visual
Basic .NET.
Managed Extensions for C++ and attributed programming are just some of the
enhancements made to the C++ language. Managed Extensions simplify the task of
migrating existing C++ applications to the new .NET Framework.
C# is Microsoft’s new language. It’s a C-style language that is essentially “C++

for Rapid Application Development”. Unlike other languages, its specification is just
the grammar of the language. It has no standard library of its own, and instead has been
designed with the intention of using the .NET libraries as its own.
Microsoft Visual J# .NET provides the easiest transition for Java-language

developers into the world of XML Web Services and dramatically improves the
interoperability of Java-language programs with existing software written in a variety
of other programming languages.
Active State has created Visual Perl and Visual Python, which enable .NET-
aware applications to be built in either Perl or Python. Both products can be integrated
into the Visual Studio .NET environment. Visual Perl includes support for Active
State’s Perl Dev Kit.
Other languages for which .NET compilers are available include
 FORTRAN
 COBOL
 Eiffel
C#.NET is also compliant with CLS (Common Language Specification) and

supports structured exception handling. CLS is set of rules and constructs that are
supported by the CLR (Common Language Runtime). CLR is the runtime environment
provided by the .NET Framework; it manages the execution of the code and also makes
the development process easier by providing services.
C#.NET is a CLS-compliant language. Any objects, classes, or components that

created in C#.NET can be used in any other CLS-compliant language. In addition, we
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can use objects, classes, and components created in other CLS-compliant languages in
C#.NET .The use of CLS ensures complete interoperability among applications,
regardless of the languages used to create the application.
Constructors and Destructors

Constructors are used to initialize objects, whereas destructors are used to
destroy them. In other words, destructors are used to release the resources allocated to
the object. In C#.NET the sub finalize procedure is available. The sub finalize
procedure is used to complete the tasks that must be performed when an object is
destroyed. The sub finalize procedure is called automatically when an object is
destroyed. In addition, the sub finalize procedure can be called only from the class it
belongs to or from derived classes.
Garbage Collection
Garbage Collection is another new feature in C#.NET. The .NET Framework
monitors allocated resources, such as objects and variables. In addition, the .NET
Framework automatically releases memory for reuse by destroying objects that are no
longer in use. In C#.NET, the garbage collector checks for the objects that are not
currently in use by applications. When the garbage collector comes across an object
that is marked for garbage collection, it releases the memory occupied by the object.
Overloading
Overloading is another feature in C#. Overloading enables us to define multiple
procedures with the same name, where each procedure has a different set of arguments.
Besides using overloading for procedures, we can use it for constructors and properties
in a class.
Multithreading
C#.NET also supports multithreading. An application that supports
multithreading can handle multiple tasks simultaneously, we can use multithreading to
decrease the time taken by an application to respond to user interaction.
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Structured Exception Handling
C#.NET supports structured handling, which enables us to detect and remove
errors at runtime. In C#.NET, we need to use Try…Catch…Finally statements to create
exception handlers. Using Try…Catch…Finally statements, we can create robust and
effective exception handlers to improve the performance of our application.
ASP.NET
ASP.NET is a unified web development model that includes the services

necessary for you to build enterprise-class web applications with a minimum of coding.
ASP.NET is part of the .NET Framework, and when coding ASP.NET applications you
have access to classes in the .NET Framework. You can code your applications in any
language compatible with the common language runtime (CLR), including Microsoft
Visual Basic and C#. These languages enable you to develop ASP.NET applications
that benefit from the common language runtime, type safety, inheritance, and so on.
3 Tier Architecture of ASP.NET

ASP.NET works on three tier architecture. This architecture is extremely
popular because they increase application performance, scalability, flexibility, and code
reuse. In three tier architecture, applications are divided into three major areas of
functionality:
 The data layer manages the data storage and retrieval.
 The business layer maintains business rules and logic
 The presentation layer manages the user interface and related presentation code.
The Presentation Layer
Presentation layer provides the interface to the users of website or application. It

contains pages like .aspx or Windows forms where data is presented to the user or user
enters the information. This layer communicates with business layer. In ASP.NET the
code behind file and HTML file are separate file. The HTML file defines the look and
layout of the web form and the code behind file contains the presentation logic..
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This separation helps designers and developers. Designers don't have to worry
about business logic to make user interface changes, and developers don't have to
worry about to update code.
Fig 2. Three Tier Architecture of ASP.NET
The Business Layer

Business layer or Application layer acts between Application layer and Data
Access Layer. This layer contains our logic, validating the data and other functions. In
this layer programmer access the data access layer (also known as the DAL),
functionality. As example suppose any user wants to register and he fills all the detail
and click the submit button on presentation layer then call goes to business layer. In
business layer programmers only access the function and pass the parameter that is
provided by the end user as example.
InsertUserDetails(string Username, string Password, string Email, string Address);
The data Layer
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All the code related to database is written in this layer. It contains methods to
connect with database. It also contains the methods to perform insert, update, delete,
select data according to the SQL query.
Advantages of ASP.NET
Separation of Code from HTML

To make a clean sweep, with ASP.NET you have the ability to completely
separate layout and business logic. This makes it much easier for teams of programmers
and designers to collaborate efficiently. This makes it much easier for teams of
programmers and designers to collaborate efficiently.
Support for compiled languages

Developer can use VB.NET and access features such as strong typing and
object-oriented programming. Using compiled languages also means that ASP.NET
pages do not suffer the performance penalties associated with interpreted code.
ASP.NET pages are precompiled to byte-code and Just In Time (JIT) compiled when
first requested. Subsequent requests are directed to the fully compiled code, which is
cached until the source changes.
Use services provided by the .NET Framework

The .NET Framework provides class libraries that can be used by your
application. Some of the key classes help you with input/output, access to operating
system services, data access, or even debugging. We will go into more detail on some
of them in this module.
Graphical Development Environment

Visual Studio .NET provides a very rich development environment for Web
developers. You can drag and drop controls and set properties the way you do in Visual
Basic 6. And you have full IntelliSense support, not only for your code, but also for
HTML and XML.
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State Management
To refer to the problems mentioned before, ASP.NET provides solutions for
session and application state management. State information can, for example, be kept
in memory or stored in a database. It can be shared across Web farms, and state
information can be recovered, even if the server fails or the connection breaks down.
Update files while the server is running!

Components of your application can be updated while the server is online and
clients are connected. The Framework will use the new files as soon as they are copied
to the application. Removed or old files that are still in use are kept in memory until the
clients have finished.
XML-Based Configuration Files

Configuration settings in ASP.NET are stored in XML files that you can easily
read and edit. You can also easily copy these to another server, along with the other
files that comprise your application.
ASP.NET Intrinsic Objects
 Request - Represents the incoming request from the client to the Web Server
(for example, the data posted on a form).
 Response - Represents the response sent back to the client from the Web Server
(for example, allowing writing text output).
 Application - Takes over the processing of an incoming request. It can handle
one request at a time.
 Server - Is used to access properties and methods on the server.
 Session State - Stores information about, or change settings for, a user session.
 HttpContext - Encapsulates all HTTP-specific information about an individual
HTTP request.
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ASP.NET Web Forms
ASP.NET Web Forms is a part of the ASP.NET web application framework and
is included with Visual Studio. It is one of the four programming models we can use to
create ASP.NET web applications; the others are ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web
Pages, and ASP.NET Single Page Applications.
Web Forms are pages that let the users request using their browser. These pages
can be written using a combination of HTML, client-script, server controls, and server
code. When users request a page, it is compiled and executed on the server by the
framework, and then the framework generates the HTML markup that the browser can
render. An ASP.NET Web Forms page presents information to the user in any browser
or client device.
Using Visual Studio, we can create ASP.NET Web Forms. The Visual Studio
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) lets to drag and drop server controls to lay
out the Web Forms page. We can then easily set properties, methods, and events for
controls on the page or for the page itself. These properties, methods, and events are
used to define the web page's behavior, look and feel, and so on. To write server code
to handle the logic for the page, we can use a .NET language like Visual Basic or C#.
ASP.NET Web Forms are:

 Based on Microsoft ASP.NET technology, in which code that runs on the server
dynamically generates Web page output to the browser or client device.
 Compatible with any browser or mobile device. An ASP.NET Web page
automatically renders the correct browser-compliant HTML for features such as
styles, layout, and so on.
 Compatible with any language supported by the .NET common language
runtime, such as Microsoft Visual Basic and Microsoft Visual C#.
 Built on the Microsoft .NET Framework. This provides all the benefits of the
framework, including a managed environment, type safety, and inheritance.
 Flexible because you can add user-created and third party controls to them.
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ASP.NET Web Forms offer:
 Separation of HTML and other UI code from application logic.
 A rich suite of server controls for common tasks, including data access.
 Powerful data binding, with great tool support.
 Support for client-side scripting that executes in the browser.
 Support for a variety of other capabilities, including routing, security,
performance, internationalization, testing, debugging, error handling and state
management.
Features of ASP.NET Web Forms
Server Controls
ASP.NET Web server controls are objects on ASP.NET Web pages that run
when the page is requested and that render markup to the browser. Many Web server
controls are similar to familiar HTML elements, such as buttons and text boxes. Other
controls encompass complex behavior, such as a calendar controls, and controls that
you can use to connect to data sources and display data.
Master Pages
ASP.NET master pages allow you to create a consistent layout for the pages in
your application. A single master page defines the look and feel and standard behavior
that you want for all of the pages (or a group of pages) in your application. You can
then create individual content pages that contain the content you want to display. When
users request the content pages, they merge with the master page to produce output that
combines the layout of the master page with the content from the content page.
Working with Data

ASP.NET provides many options for storing, retrieving, and displaying data. In
an ASP.NET Web Forms application, you use data-bound controls to automate the
presentation or input of data in web page UI elements such as tables and text boxes and
drop-down lists.
Membership
ASP.NET Identity stores your users' credentials in a database created by the
application. When your users log in, the application validates their credentials by
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reading the database. Your project's Account folder contains the files that implement
the various parts of membership: registering, logging in, changing a password, and
authorizing access. Additionally, ASP.NET Web Forms supports OAuth and OpenID.
These authentication enhancements allow users to log into your site using existing
credentials, from such accounts as Facebook, Twitter, Windows Live, and Google. By
default, the template creates a membership database using a default database name on
an instance of SQL Server Express LocalDB, the development database server that
comes with Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web.
Client Script and Client Frameworks

You can enhance the server-based features of ASP.NET by including client-
script functionality in ASP.NET Web Form pages. You can use client script to provide
a richer, more responsive user interface to users. You can also use client script to make
asynchronous calls to the Web server while a page is running in the browser.
Routing
URL routing allows you to configure an application to accept request URLs that
do not map to physical files. A request URL is simply the URL a user enters into their
browser to find a page on your web site. You use routing to define URLs that are
semantically meaningful to users and that can help with search-engine optimization
(SEO).
State Management
ASP.NET Web Forms includes several options that help you preserve data on
both a per-page basis and an application-wide basis.
Security
An important part of developing a more secure application is to understand the
threats to it. Microsoft has developed a way to categorize threats: Spoofing, Tampering,
Repudiation, Information disclosure, Denial of service, Elevation of privilege
(STRIDE). In ASP.NET Web Forms, you can add extensibility points and
configuration options that enable you to customize various security behaviors in
ASP.NET Web Forms.
Performance
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Performance can be a key factor in a successful Web site or project. ASP.NET
Web Forms allows you to modify performance related to page and server control
processing, state management, data access, application configuration and loading, and
efficient coding practices.
Internationalization
ASP.NET Web Forms enables you to create web pages that can obtain content
and other data based on the preferred language setting for the browser or based on the
user's explicit choice of language. Content and other data is referred to as resources and
such data can be stored in resource files or other sources. In an ASP.NET Web Forms
page, you configure controls to get their property values from resources. At run time,
the resource expressions are replaced by resources from the appropriate localized
resource file.
Debugging and Error Handling

ASP.NET includes features to help you diagnose problems that might arise in
your Web Forms application. Debugging and error handling are well supported within
ASP.NET Web Forms so that your applications compile and run effectively.
Deployment and Hosting

Visual Studio, ASP.NET, Azure, and IIS provide tools that help you with the
process of deploying and hosting your Web Forms application.
ASP.NET Overview
Here is some point that gives the quick overview of ASP.NET.
 ASP.NET provides services to allow the creation, deployment, and
execution of Web Applications and Web Services
 Like ASP, ASP.NET is a server-side technology
 Web Applications are built using Web Forms. ASP.NET comes with built-
in Web Forms controls, which are responsible for generating the user
interface. They mirror typical HTML widgets like text boxes or buttons. If
these controls do not fit your needs, you are free to create your own user
controls.
 Web Forms are designed to make building web-based applications as easy
as building Visual Basic application
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Introduction to C#.NET
C# is a modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language

developed by Microsoft and approved by European Computer Manufacturers
Association (ECMA) and International Standards Organization (ISO).
C# was developed by Anders Hejlsberg and his team during the development of
.Net Framework.
C# is designed for Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), which consists of

the executable code and runtime environment that allows use of various high-level
languages on different computer platforms and architectures.
The following reasons make C# a widely used professional language:

 It is a modern, general-purpose programming language
 It is object oriented.
 It is component oriented.
 It is easy to learn.
 It is a structured language.
 It produces efficient programs.
 It can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms.
 It is a part of .Net Framework.
Basic Syntax of C# Code

C# is an object-oriented programming language. In Object-Oriented
Programming methodology, a program consists of various objects that interact with
each other by means of actions. The actions that an object may take are called methods.
Objects of the same kind are said to have the same type or, are said to be in the same
class.
For example, let us consider a Rectangle object. It has attributes such as length
and width. Depending upon the design, it may need ways for accepting the values of
these attributes, calculating the area, and displaying details.
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The following is an implementation of Rectangle Class
using System;
namespace RectangleApplication
{
class Rectangle
{
// member variables
double length;
double width;
public void Acceptdetails()
{
length = 4.5;
width = 3.5;
}
public double GetArea()

{
return length * width;
}
public void Display()

{
Console.WriteLine("Length: {0}", length);
Console.WriteLine("Width: {0}", width);
Console.WriteLine("Area: {0}", GetArea());
}
}
class ExecuteRectangle
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Rectangle r = new Rectangle();
r.Acceptdetails();
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r.Display();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:
Length : 4.5
Width : 3.5
Area : 15.75
The using Keyword

The first statement in any C# program is
using System;
The using keyword is used for including the namespaces in the program. A
program can include multiple using statements.
The class Keyword
The class keyword is used for declaring a class.
Member Variables
Variables are attributes or data members of a class, used for storing data. In the
preceding program, the Rectangle class has two member variables named length and
width.
Member Functions
Functions are set of statements that perform a specific task. The member
functions of a class are declared within the class. Our sample class Rectangle contains
three member functions: AcceptDetails, GetArea and Display.
Instantiating a Class
In the preceding program, the class ExecuteRectangle contains the Main()
method and instantiates the Rectangle class.
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C# Keywords
Keywords are reserved words predefined to the C# compiler. These keywords
cannot be used as identifiers. However, if you want to use these keywords as
identifiers, you may prefix the keyword with the @ character.
Ex: int, char, bool, break
C# Variables
A variable is nothing but a name given to a storage area that our programs can
manipulate. Each variable in C# has a specific type, which determines the size and
layout of the variable's memory the range of values that can be stored within that
memory and the set of operations that can be applied to the variable.
Ex: int i; // here i is a variable
C# Data Types
C# is a strongly-typed language. Before a value can be stored in a variable, the
type of the variable must be specified. In C# the data types may have value types,
reference types or pointer types.
Ex: int, char, byte, long
C# Constants
The constants refer to fixed values that the program may not alter during its
execution. These fixed values are also called literals.
Ex: 100, 3.14, ‘\n’
C# Operators
An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical
or logical manipulations. C# has rich set of built-in operators as follows,
 Arithmetic Operators ( +, -, *, /, %, ++, -- )
 Relational Operators ( >, <, >=, <=, ==, != )
 Logical Operators ( &&, ||, ! )
 Bitwise Operators ( &, |, ^, ~, >>, << )
 Assignment Operators ( +, +=, =-, *=, /=, %=, &=, |=, ^=, <<=, >>= )
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C# Decision Making
Decision making structures requires the programmer to specify one or more
conditions to be evaluated or tested by the program, along with a statement or
statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be true, and optionally, other
statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be false.
Statement Description
if statement An if statement consists of a boolean expression followed

by one or more statements.
if...else statement An if statement can be followed by an optional else

statement, which executes when the boolean expression is
false.
nested if statements You can use one if or else if statement inside

another if or else if statement(s).
switch statement A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for

equality against a list of values.
nested switch statements It is possible to use one switch statement inside

another switch statement(s).
C# Loops
There may be a situation, when you need to execute a block of code several
numbers of times. In general, the statements are executed sequentially: The first
statement in a function is executed first, followed by the second, and so on.
Programming languages provide various control structures that allow for more
complicated execution paths. A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or a
group of statements multiple times.
24
Loop Type Description
while loop It repeats a statement or a group of statements while a given

condition is true. It tests the condition before executing the loop
body.
for loop It executes a sequence of statements multiple times and

abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable.
do...while loop It is similar to a while statement, except that it tests the condition
at the end of the loop body
nested loops We can use one or more loop inside any another while, for or
do..while loop.
C# Methods
A method is a group of statements that together perform a task. Every C#
program has at least one class with a method named Main.
To use a method, we need to:
 Define the method
 Call the method
INTRODUCTION TO SQL
SQL (Structured Query Language) is a database computer language designed
for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS).
SQL is a standardized computer language that was originally developed by IBM

for querying, altering and defining relational databases, using declarative statements.
SQL Query Examples
INSERT INTO STUDENT (Name, RegNo, SchoolId) VALUES(‘Anand’,’1001’,1)
SELECT SchoolId, Name FROM School
25
SELECT * FROM SCHOOL WHERE SchoolId>100
UPDATE STUDENT SET Name = ‘Mahesh’ WHERE StudentId = 15
DELETE FROM STUDENT WHERE StudentId = 5
What can SQL Do?

 SQL can execute queries against a database
 SQL can retrieve data from a database
 SQL can insert records in a database
 SQL can update records in a database
 SQL can delete records from a database
 SQL can create new databases
 SQL can create new tables in a database
 SQL can create stored procedures in a database
 SQL can create views in a database
 SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views
SQL SERVER
SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS)
from Microsoft that's designed for the enterprise environment. SQL Server runs on T-
SQL (Transact -SQL), a set of programming extensions from Sybase and Microsoft that
add several features to standard SQL, including transaction control, exception and error
handling, row processing, and declared variables. As a database server, it is a software
product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by
other software applications - which may run either on the same computer or on another
computer across a network (including the Internet).
SQL Server consists of a Database Engine and a Management Studio. The

Database engine has no graphical interface - it is just a service running in the
background of your computer (preferable on the server). The Management Studio is
graphical tool for configuring and viewing the information in the database. It can be
installed on the server or on the client (or both).
26
Fig 3. SQL Server Environment
Architecture
The protocol layer implements the external interface to SQL Server. All
operations that can be invoked on SQL Server are communicated to it via a Microsoft-
defined format, called Tabular Data Stream (TDS). TDS is an application layer
protocol, used to transfer data between a database server and a client. Initially designed
and developed by Sybase Inc. for their Sybase SQL Server relational database engine in
1984, and later by Microsoft in Microsoft SQL Server, TDS packets can be encased in
other physical transport dependent protocols, including TCP/IP, named pipes,
and shared memory. Consequently, access to SQL Server is available over these
protocols. In addition, the SQL Server API is also exposed over web services.
Data Storage
Data storage is a database, which is a collection of tables with typed columns.
SQL Server supports different data types including primary types such as Integer,
27
Float, Decimal, Char (including character strings), Varchar (variable length character
strings), Binary (for unstructured blobs of data), Text (for textual data) among others.
The rounding of floats to integers uses either Symmetric Arithmetic Rounding or
Symmetric Round Down (fix) depending on arguments: SELECT Round(2.5,
0) gives 3.
Data Retrieval
The main mode of retrieving data from a SQL Server database is querying for it.
The query is expressed using a variant of SQL called T-SQL, a dialect Microsoft SQL
Server shares with Sybase SQL Server due to its legacy. The
query declaratively specifies what is to be retrieved. It is processed by the query
processor, which figures out the sequence of steps that will be necessary to retrieve the
requested data.
SQL SERVER MANAGEMENT STUDIO

SQL Server Management Studio is a GUI tool included with SQL Server 2005
and later for configuring, managing, and administering all components within
Microsoft SQL Server. The tool includes both script editors and graphical tools that
work with objects and features of the server.
SQL Server Management Studio replaces Enterprise Manager as the primary

management interface for Microsoft SQL Server since SQL Server 2005. A version of
SQL Server Management Studio is also available for SQL Server Express Edition, for
which it is known as SQL Server Management Studio Express (SSMSE).
A central feature of SQL Server Management Studio is the Object Explorer,

which allows the user to browse, select, and act upon any of the objects within the
server. It can be used to visually observe and analyze query plans and optimize the
database performance, among others. SQL Server Management Studio can also be used
to create a new database, alter any existing database schema by adding or modifying
tables and indexes, or analyze performance. It includes the query windows which
provide a GUI based interface to write and execute queries.
28
Query Designer and Editor
When creating SQL commands and queries, the “Query Editor” (select “New
Query” from the Toolbar) is used. With SQL and the “Query Editor” we can do almost
everything with code, but sometimes it is also a good idea to use the different Designer
tools in SQL to help us do the work without coding so much. Writing script through
design form is known as Query designer that work as graphical user interface. We can
use Tables, Views, and Functions columns to perform a combine query for desired
output.
DATABASES
Database is a collection of objects such as table, view, stored procedure,
function, trigger, etc.
In MS SQL Server, two types of databases are available.

 System databases
 User Databases
System Databases
System databases are created automatically when we install MS SQL Server.
Following is a list of system databases −
 Master
 Model
 MSDB
 Tempdb
 Resource (Introduced in 2005 version)
 Distribution (It’s for Replication feature only)
User Databases
User databases are created by users (Administrators, developers, and testers
who have access to create databases).
29
Query to create a Sample Database
USE master;
CREATE DATABASE sample;
TABLES
A table is a collection of related data held in a structured format within a

database. It consists of columns, and rows.
Query to Create a Table
CREATE TABLE Persons (

PersonID int,
LastName varchar(255),
FirstName varchar(255),
Address varchar(255),
City varchar(255)
);
30
SYSTEM STUDY
FEASIBILITY STUDY
The feasibility of the project is analyzed in this phase and business proposal
is put forth with a very general plan for the project and some cost estimates.
During system analysis the feasibility study of the proposed system is to be carried
out. This is to ensure that the proposed system is not a burden to the company.
For feasibility analysis, some understanding of the major requirements for the
system is essential.
Three key considerations involved in the feasibility analysis are
 Economical Feasibility
 Technical Feasibility
 Social Feasibility
ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY
This study is carried out to check the economic impact that the system will
have on the organization. The amount of fund that the company can pour into the
research and development of the system is limited. The expenditures must be justified.
Thus the developed system as well within the budget and this was achieved because
most of the technologies used are freely available. Only the customized products had to
be purchased.
TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
This study is carried out to check the technical feasibility, that is, the technical
requirements of the system. Any system developed must not have a high demand on the
available technical resources. This will lead to high demands on the available technical
resources.
This will lead to high demands being placed on the client. The developed
system must have a modest requirement, as only minimal or null changes are required
for implementing this system.
31
SOCIAL FEASIBILITY
The aspect of study is to check the level of acceptance of the system by the user.
This includes the process of training the user to use the system efficiently. The user
must not feel threatened by the system, instead must accept it as a necessity. The level
of acceptance by the users solely depends on the methods that are employed to educate
the user about the system and to make him familiar with it. His level of confidence
must be raised so that he is also able to make some constructive criticism, which is
welcomed, as he is the final user of the system.
32
MODULE DESCRIPTION:
1. User module
2. Service module.
3. Transaction module.
4. Cloud module
4. Admin module:
User module:
In this module the user will search the cloud services that are available and buy the
service that the user is interested the user will redirect to the online transaction page
after selecting the service then if the user have the transactional id and password they
can login and pay the amount to the service provider account by online transfer method.
Service module:
In this module the admin will add the new services to view for the user .Then
the user will search the services that are available and select the required service and
then move to the transaction page to pay the money for activation of the service
Transaction module:
In transaction module the user will get redirect to this page after the selection of
the service that they want for online payment. In this transaction module first the user
will apply for the loan for buying the service and the bank admin should approve the
loan after successfully verifying the details of the user once the bank approved the loan
the amount will automatically credit to the user account in his account number. Then
the user can directly transfer the amount to the service provider account.
Cloud module:
33
In this module if once the user transfer the amount then the user will get
redirect to the cloud service creation page .here in cloud service creation page we have
to create our username and give the email id to get the activation code once you get the
activation code it will redirect to cloud login page. In this cloud login we can save all
the files necessary and download the files that are uploaded by
username.
Admin module:
In admin module the admin will add the services that are launched
newly to view in the user side. admin can check directly his bank account details after
login. In admin module we will have all the user details .
34
TABLE DESIGN
Admin Menu:
35
36
37
38
Rgister:
39
40
Service Provider:
41
42
Servie provider Register:
43
DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
44
SAMPLE CODING
<%@ Master Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true"

CodeFile="MasterPage.master.cs" Inherits="MasterPage" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>TRANSACTION BEHAVIOUR VERIFICATION IN BUSINESS PROCESS
AS A SERVICE CONFIGURATION</title>
<meta name="description" content="website description" />
<meta name="keywords" content="website keywords, website keywords" />
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/modernizr-1.5.min.js"></script>
<asp:ContentPlaceHolder id="head" runat="server">
</asp:ContentPlaceHolder>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<div id="main">
<header>
<div id="logo"><h1>_<a href="#"></a></h1></div>
<nav>
<ul class="lavaLampWithImage" id="lava_menu">
<li class="current"><a href="home.aspx">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="admin.aspx">Admin</a></li>
<li><a href="btbv.aspx">BTBV</a></li>
<li><a href="user.aspx">User</a></li>
<li><a href="servicepro.aspx">Service Provider</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<div id="site_content">
<div id="sidebar_container">
<div class="gallery">
<ul class="images">
<li class="show"><img width="450" height="450" src="images/aa.jpg"
alt="photo_one" /></li>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/modernizr-1.5.min.js"></script>
</head>
<asp:ContentPlaceHolder id="head" runat="server">

</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<div id="main">
<header>
<div id="logo"><h1><a href="#"></a></h1></div>
<%-- <nav>
<%-- <ul class="lavaLampWithImage" id="lava_menu">
<li class="current"><a href="index.html">home</a></li>
<li><a href="about.html">about us</a></li>
<li><a href="portfolio.html">our portfolio</a></li>
<li><a href="blog.html">blog</a></li>
<li><a href="contact.php">contact</a></li>
</ul>--%>
</nav>--%>
</header>
<div id="site_content">
<div id="sidebar_container">
<div class="gallery">
<ul class="images">
<li class="show"><img width="450" height="450" src="images/aa.jpg"
alt="photo_one" /></li>
<li><img width="450" height="450" src="images/2.jpg" alt="photo_two"
/></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<asp:ContentPlaceHolder id="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="server">
<p>
<br />
<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server"
63
Text="TRANSACTION BEHAVIOUR VERIFICATION IN BUSINESS PROCESS
AS A SERVICE CONFIGURATION"></asp:Label>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
64
Screen Shot:
Home Page
65
Admin Login:
66
Admin Menu:
67
BTBV:
68
BTBV Menu:
69
User Login:
70
Service Provider:
71
Service Provider:
72
Service Provider Register :
73
CONCLUSION
The increase in cloud computing adaptations in recent years has produced the concept
of Business Process as a Service (BPaaS), whereby service providers are able to offer
common or proven business processes to clients looking to automate and/or outsource
parts of their operations. We address the problem of managing BPaaS configuration in
a way to ensure that the resulting service i) is valid with respect to configuration
constraints of the provider, and ii) satisfies transactional requirements drawn from the
business rules of the client. Our approach utilizes several modeling techniques,
including BPMN for business process structure, state charts for transactional state, and
feature models for configuration constraints. models, we develop a BPaaS
configuration process that applies Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) analysis and model
checking. BDD analysis ensures that BPaaS features selected during configuration do
not violate the domain constraints of the service provider, while model checking
verifies the configured BPaaS against transactional requirements provided by the client.
74
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Good Teachers are worth more than thousand books, we have them in Our Department.
REFERENCES MADE FROM:
1. User Interfaces in C#: Windows Forms and Custom Controls by Matthew

MacDonald.
2. Applied Microsoft® .NET Framework Programming (Pro-Developer) by

Jeffrey Richter.
3. Practical .Net2 and C#2: Harness the Platform, the Language, and the
Framework by Patrick Smacchia.
4. Data Communications and Networking, by Behrouz A Forouzan.
5. Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach, by James F. Kurose.
6. S. Agrawal, S. Chaudhuri, G. Das, and A. Gionis. Automated ranking of

database query results. In CIDR, 2003.
7. S. Amer-Yahia, A. Galland, J. Stoyanovich, and C. Yu. From del.icio.us to

x.qui.site: recommendations in social tagging sites. In SIGMOD
Conference, pages 1323–1326, 2008.
8. R. Baeza-Yates and B. Ribeiro-Neto. Modern Information Retrieval. ACM

Press, 1999.
9. M. Balabanovic and Y. Shoham. Content-based collaborative

recommendation. ACM Communications, 40(3):66–72, 1997.
10. J. Basilico and T. Hofmann. A joint framework for collaborative and

content filtering. In SIGIR, pages 550–551, 2004.
11. C. Basu, H. Hirsh, and W. W. Cohen. Recommendation as classification:
12. Using social and content-based information in recommendation. In

AAAI/IAAI, pages 714–720, 1998.
75
13. M. K. Bergman. The deep web: Surfacing hidden value. Journal of
Electronic Publishing, 7(1), 2001.
14. D. Billsus and M. J. Pazzani. Learning collaborative information filters. In

Intnl. Conf. on Machine Learning (ICML), pages 46–54, 1998.
15. K. C.-C. Chang, B. He, C. Li, M. Patil, and Z. Zhang. Structured databases
on the web: Observations and implications. SIGMOD Record, 33(3):61–70,
2004.
16. S. Chaudhuri, G. Das, V. Hristidis, and G. Weikum. Probabilistic ranking of

database query results. In VLDB, pages 888–899, 2004.
SITES REFERRED:
http://www.sourcefordgde.com
http://www.networkcomputing.com/
http://www.ieee.org
http://www.emule-project.net/
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Transactional Behavior Verification in Business

Process as a Service Configuration

Business Process as a Service (BPaaS) is an emerging type of cloud service that

There is an increasing research interest in related areas such as configurable

THE .NET FRAMEWORK

The .NET Framework has two main parts:

The CLR is described as the “execution engine” of .NET. It provides the

Fig1 .Net Framework Architecture

Architecture is explained form bottom to top in the following discussion.

1. At the bottom of the Architecture is Common Language Runtime. NET

 Disconnected Datasets - In ADO.NET, almost all data

5. One of the obvious themes of .NET is unification and interoperability between

OTHER FEATURES OF DOT NET

Common Type System

The Class Library

The set of classes is pretty comprehensive, providing collections, file, screen,

Languages Supported by .NET

C# is Microsoft’s new language. It’s a C-style language that is essentially “C++

Microsoft Visual J# .NET provides the easiest transition for Java-language

Other languages for which .NET compilers are available include

C#.NET is also compliant with CLS (Common Language Specification) and

C#.NET is a CLS-compliant language. Any objects, classes, or components that

Constructors and Destructors

ASP.NET is a unified web development model that includes the services

3 Tier Architecture of ASP.NET

The Presentation Layer

Presentation layer provides the interface to the users of website or application. It

Fig 2. Three Tier Architecture of ASP.NET

The Business Layer

The data Layer

Separation of Code from HTML

Support for compiled languages

Use services provided by the .NET Framework

Graphical Development Environment

Update files while the server is running!

XML-Based Configuration Files

ASP.NET Intrinsic Objects

ASP.NET Web Forms are:

Features of ASP.NET Web Forms

Working with Data

Client Script and Client Frameworks

Debugging and Error Handling

Deployment and Hosting

C# is a modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language

C# is designed for Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), which consists of

The following reasons make C# a widely used professional language:

Basic Syntax of C# Code

public double GetArea()

public void Display()

The using Keyword

The class Keyword

The class keyword is used for declaring a class.

if statement An if statement consists of a boolean expression followed

if...else statement An if statement can be followed by an optional else

nested if statements You can use one if or else if statement inside

switch statement A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for

nested switch statements It is possible to use one switch statement inside

while loop It repeats a statement or a group of statements while a given

for loop It executes a sequence of statements multiple times and

SQL is a standardized computer language that was originally developed by IBM

SQL Query Examples

INSERT INTO STUDENT (Name, RegNo, SchoolId) VALUES(‘Anand’,’1001’,1)

SELECT SchoolId, Name FROM School