Submitted by: GROUP S

Name of Instructor: Mrs Olanlokun O.K

Date of Submission: 14th of February, 2019

FIELD TRIP TO
ASA DAM
WEE 411 – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
 S/N FULL NAME MATRIC NUMBER
1 MUHAMMED, Olayinka Muhammed 15/30GA069
2 ADELERE, Wasiu Ajibola 15/30GB024
3 AZEEZ, Roqeeb Oyeyele 15/30GB054
4 KAREEM, Basit Adeniyi 15/30GB080
5 ONADEKO, Dada Seun 15/30GB113
6 YAHAYA, Amirah Maryam 15/30GB137
7 ALIYU, Aliyu Gana 15/30GQ025
8 OMILEYE, Akintunde Boluwatife 15/30GQ050
9 AGBOOLA, Timilehin Samuel 16/30GB149
10 YUSUF, Joseph 16/30GB172

Upstream

SUMP

Spillway

Asa River
Low Lift Pumps

Aerator
CLEAN
FILTER
WATER
TANK BED

High Lift Pumps Sedimentary tanks

High rise water tanks in

the city
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Schematic diagram of Asa Dam Water Treatment Plant

 ASA DAM IN A BRIEF
Asa dam is a water treatment dam which is made of composite materials i.e earth and cement. It sources
its upstream from the great Asa river which flows from Afon in Asa Local Government area of Kwara State.

The dam is a water treatment which stores water during rainy season for use during the dry season
(drought).

The dam has a sump which stores water from the upstream. The sump is protected by two screes (douglas
proof): one of a coarse material while the other of a fine material. The screen protects the sump from dirts.

There are 6 low lift pumps (pumps which ca only transport liquid through small heads, say 10m, i.e axial
pumps). 3 which are duty while the others serve as reserve. The low lift pumps transport untreated water
from the sump to the aerator.

The dam has an open spillway which spills water from the upstream - when it over flows – into the Asa river
which flows into Ilorin township.

Aerator is the highest structure in a treatment plant. The water flows under the effect of gravity. The
aerator creates turbulence by which odour is removed from the water while oxygen is added. From the
aerator, coagulants like soda, ash, lime e.t.c are added using - dosing mixers - into the water. These
coagulants give charges to the particles I the water so the come together. The process by which particles
come together is called FLOCCULATION.

Coagulated water from the aerator flows into the sedimentation tank. Here, flocculation takes place.
Flocculated water flows through small holes (filaments) into troughs. Water flows from the troughs into
filter beds.

The filter bed is a sand bed which comprises of sand, coarse and gravel. The filter bed has a capacity of 12
million gallons per day (for the duty, another 12 million gallons for the reserve). The filter bed filters the
water to remove minor particles. The bed is cleaned by backwashing. Water from the filter bed flows
through under drains.

Disinfection of the water flowing through the under drains using chlorine is carried out. Chlorine kills all the
bacteria in the water.

There is a laboratory in the plant where the amount of chlorine to be added, amount of coagulants needed
and the required the amounts of residual chlorine are determined.

Residual Chlorine: This takes care of all micro-organisms which mix up with the treated water during
transmission.

The disinfected water flows into the clean water tank from which the water is pumped by high lift pumps
(these carry water through a high head) to high rise water tanks in the city from which the treated water is
supplied to the consumers.

TASKS

1. The Distribution Process of Treated Water to Consumers.

The process starts from the clean water tanks where high lift pumps transports water at high pressure head
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to high rise water tanks in the city. It is from these high-rise tanks that the water is finally supplied to final
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consumers.
 2. Supply of Untreated Water.

Yes, untreated water can be supplied to consumers.

Untreated water can be supplied to consumers in a scenario where there is no enough runoff (dry season)
and the little available has been stored upstream by the dam. Untreated water would have to be supplied
to consumers who need it for special purposes (e.g for irrigation purpose). Although another supply
network would have to be set up, so it won’t mix up with clean water. This is possible because supply of
clean water from the dam is not always continuous.

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