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LMB 40303
(Engine Components)
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
1
Cylinder Head
Large-Bore
Two-Stroke Entablature
Diesel Engine
Frame
Bedplate
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Cylinder Head
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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• Cylinder heads form the top of the combustion
chambers.
• Their primary function is to close the end of the cylinder
and seal in the gasses as they pass through a cycle
involving extreme pressure and temperature.
• The cylinder head is fitted with a number of valves and
other components for the running of the engine.
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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EXHAUST VALVE IN WATER INLET VALVE WITH RENEWABLE CAST IRON
COOLED CAGE SEAT
JACKET
CYLINDER LINER
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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FUEL INJECTOR
RELIEF VALVE STARTING AIR
VALVE
CYLINDER HEAD
STUDS
CYLINDER HEAD
WATER GUIDE
JACKET
PISTON
CYLINDER LINER
SOFT IRON
JOINT
CYLINDER
JACKET
• Advantages
• Heat stress low
• Mechanical strength high
• Cover can be cast or forged (steel) – adv for forging gain and reduces
or eliminates casting defects
• Risk of notch effects due to cutting apertures reduced
• Fitting can be removed individually as complete unit
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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EXHAUST VALVE
VALVE SPINDLE HOUSING
RADIAL BORES
SOLID STEEL
PLATE
FORGED STEEL
RING PISTON @ TDC BEVELLED
BORES
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
• Advantages
• Short and light valves
• Low temperature level
• Small varying and low tensile stresses
• Simple mounting of valves and easy dismantling
• Disadvantages
• More joints
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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FUEL INJECTOR
RELIEF VALVE STARTING AIR VALVE
CAST IRON INSERT
PISTON @ TDC
USING INSERT
• Advantages
• Head shallow
• Studs evenly spaced on a pitch circle close to liner
• Studs smaller and in large numbers
• Allow large cooling water space in cylinder head
• Easier to overhaul cylinder head valve
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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VALVE SPINDLE EXHAUST VALVE
HOUSING
FUEL INJECTOR
PISTON @ TDC
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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FUEL INJECTOR
INTERMEDIATE PLATE
CAST IRON
STRONGBACK PISTON @ TDC
(UNCOOLED)
CAST IRON COVER
(COOLED)
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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Cylinder Head Defects
• Cracking
• Hairline crack between fuel valve and exhaust valve
apertures (holes)
• Thermal cracking occurs at edge of aperture reinforced by a
boss and progresses in a radial direction towards central
injector hole.
• Caused by overheating, casting strains or stress-raisers
• Repaired by metal-locking(semi-permanent repair) and
welding possible if material is suitable
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
• Burning
• Mainly due to flame impingement
• Repair by grinding and welding if material is suitable
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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• Distortion
• Improper, uneven tightening down of studs, overheating,
unrelieved casting strains
• Prevention: hydraulic tightening of bolts, proper corrosion-
inhibitor used
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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Cylinder Head Temporary Repair
• Locate ends of cracks
• Drill holes about 10mm
beyond visible ends of cracks
• Tapped holes and plugged
• Used heavy brackets and
fitted as shown
• Reduce loading of engine as
low as possible
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
• Indicator cock
• Fuel injector
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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Cylinder Head Relief Valve
• Each cylinder head equipped with relief valve in order to
protect the cylinder against excessive pressures and blow off
pressure should be adjusted 20 to 30% above the normal
working pressure.
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Cylinder
head
Gas release
Spindle
Spring
Valve
Seat
SULZER-AND CYLINDER COVER RELIEF VALVE
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Indicator Cock
• Each cylinder is provided with a test cock or
indicator cock which is used to vent the cylinder
before starting (blow true).
• This valve is also used to relieve the cylinder of
compression when turning over the engine by hand
or turning gear.
• The same valve is used far taking compression and
firing pressure readings of the cylinder while the
engine is in operation.
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
• If fail to do that, stop the engine and change valve with ready
spare which have been properly cleaned, lubricated and
grounded seat
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
Summary
• Functions
• Construction
• Manufacture
• Operation & Working
• Problems & Faults
Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Marine Diesel Engine 2 / WEY / Jan 2017
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