٢٠١٠

       !"#     (SQL)  

.$" %& '(% )* )+

Mohamed_Suez

& HIS Wife

.org ‫إھداء‬
ARABOUG.org
ARABOUG.org‫إلى‬
3/3/2010
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> desc dept

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

DEPTNO NOT NULL NUMBER(2)

DNAME VARCHAR2(14)

LOC VARCHAR2(13)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SQL> select *

2 from dept;

DEPTNO DNAME LOC

---------- -------------- -------------

10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK

20 RESEARCH DALLAS

30 SALES CHICAGO

40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select empno,ename,job,hiredate

2 from emp;
EMPNO ENAME JOB HIREDATE

---------- ---------- --------- --------

7369 SMITH CLERK 17/12/80

7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 20/02/81

7521 WARD SALESMAN 22/02/81

7566 JONES MANAGER 02/04/81

7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 28/09/81

9/81

7698 BLAKE MANAGER 01/05/81

7782 CLARK MANAGER 09/06/81

7788 SCOTT ANALYST 19/04/87

7839 KING PRESIDENT 17/11/81

7844 TURNER SALESMAN 08/09/81

7876 ADAMS CLERK 23/05/87

EMPNO ENAME JOB HIREDATE

---------- ---------- --------- --------

7900 JAMES CLERK 03/12/81

7902 FORD ANALYST 03/12/81

7934 MILLER CLERK 23/01/82

14 rows selected.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select distinct job

2* from emp;

JOB

---------

CLERK

SALESMAN

PRESIDENT

MANAGER

ANALYST
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select empno employee_no, ename employee_name, job jobs

2* from emp
EMPLOYEE_NO EMPLOYEE_N JOBS

----------- ---------- ---------

7369 SMITH CLERK

7499 ALLEN SALESMAN

7521 WARD SALESMAN

7566 JONES MANAGER

7654 MARTIN SALESMAN

7698 BLAKE MANAGER

7782 CLARK MANAGER

7788 SCOTT ANALYST

7839 KING PRESIDENT

7844 TURNER SALESMAN

7876 ADAMS CLERK

EMPLOYEE_NO EMPLOYEE_N JOBS

----------- ---------- ---------

7900 JAMES CLERK

7902 FORD ANALYST

7934 MILLER CLERK

14 rows selected.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬
‫أسئلة الفصل الثالث‬

SQL> select ename,sal

2 from emp

3 where sal>2850

4 order by sal desc;

ENAME SAL

---------- ----------

KING 5000

FORD 3000

SCOTT 3000

JONES 2975
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,sal

٢ from emp

٣ where sal not between 1500 and 2850‫؛‬

ENAME SAL

---------- ----------

SMITH 800

WARD 1250

JONES 2975

MARTIN 1250

SCOTT 3000

KING 5000

ADAMS 1100

JAMES 950

FORD 3000

MILLER 1300
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,sal

2 from emp

30) and sal>1500

3 where(deptno=10 or deptno=30

4 order by sal desc;

ENAME SAL

---------- ----------

KING 5000

BLAKE 2850

CLARK 2450

ALLEN 1600
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,hiredate

2 from emp

3 where hiredate like'%82';

ENAME HIREDATE

---------- --------

MILLER 23/01/82

================================= ‫ملحوظة ال تظھر النتيجة كما بالسؤال وذلك ألن‬

SQL> select hiredate

from emp

where ename = 'SCOTT';

HIREDATE

---------

19-APR-87
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,sal,comm

2 from emp

3 where comm is not null;

ENAME SAL COMM

---------- ---------- ----------

ALLEN 1600 300

WARD 1250 500

MARTIN 1250 1400

TURNER 1500 0
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename

2 from emp

3 where ename like'__A%';

ENAME

----------

BLAKE

CLARK

ADAMS
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename

2 from emp

3 where ename like'%LL%';

ENAME

----------

ALLEN

MILLER
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬
‫أسئلة الفصل الرابع‬

1 SQL> select initcap(ename) EMP_NAME,length(ename)

NUMBER1,substr(ename,0,4)) SECTION

2* from emp
EMP_NAME NUMBER1 SECT

---------- ---------- ----

Smith 5 SMIT

Allen 5 ALLE

Ward 4 WARD

Jones 5 JONE

Martin 6 MART

Blake 5 BLAK

Clark 5 CLAR

Scott 5 SCOT

King 4 KING

Turner 6 TURN

Adams 5 ADAM

EMP_NAME NUMBER1 SECT

---------- ---------- ----

James 5 JAME

Ford 4 FORD

Miller 6 MILL
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

1 SQL> select ename || job TITLE

2 from emp

3* where deptno=30

TITLE

-------------------

ALLENSALESMAN

WARDSALESMAN

MARTINSALESMAN

BLAKEMANAGER

TURNERSALESMAN

JAMESCLERK
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

1 SQL> select ename ENAME,round((months_between(sysdate,hiredate)/

ENAME,round((months_between(sysdate,hiredate)/12),0)

2* from emp

ENAME ROUND((MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATE)/12),0)

---------- ----------------------------------------------

SMITH 29

ALLEN 29

WARD 29

JONES 29

MARTIN 28

BLAKE 29

CLARK 29

SCOTT 23

KING 28

TURNER 28

ADAMS 23

ENAME ROUND((MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATE)/12),0)

---------- ----------------------------------------------

JAMES 28

FORD 28

MILLER 28
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL > select TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DAY "OF" MM YYYY')

2* from dual
TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DAY

--------------------

FRIDAY OF 03 2010
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> Select to_date( ' FEBRUARY 22, 2004','mm / dd/yyyy')

2 From dual;
TO_DATE

---------

22-FEB-04
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬
‫أسئلة الفصل الخامس‬

SQL> select max(sal) MAXIMUM,min(sal) NINIMUM,sum(sal) SUM,round(avg(sal))

AVERAGE

from emp ;

MAXIMUM NINIMUM SUM AVERAGE

---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

5000 800 29025 2073

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select job,max(sal)

ob,max(sal) as MAXIMUM,min(sal) as MINIMUM

from emp

group by job ;

JOB MAXIMUM MINIMUM

---------- ---------- ---------

CLERK 1300 800

SALESMAN 1600 1250

PRESIDENT 5000 5000

MANAGER 2975 2450

ANALYST 3000 3000

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select job,count(job)

from emp

group by job;

JOB COUNT(JOB)

---------- ---------

CLERK 4

SALESMAN 4

PRESIDENT 1

MANAGER 3

ANALYST 2
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select count(distinct mgr) ‘NUMBER1

‘NUMBER OF MANAGER’

from emp ;

NUMBER1 OF MANAGER

------------------

6
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select e.ename,e.deptno,d.dname

2 from emp e,dept d

3 where e.deptno=d.deptno

4* and e.deptno=30;
ENAME DEPTNO DNAME

---------- ---------- --------------

ALLEN 30 SALES

WARD 30 SALES

MARTIN 30 SALES

BLAKE 30 SALES

TURNER 30 SALES

JAMES 30 SALES

6 rows selected.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select distinct( e.job),d.loc

c

2 from emp e,dept d

3 where e.deptno=d.deptno

4* and e.deptno=30;
JOB LOC

--------- -------------

SALESMAN CHICAGO

MANAGER CHICAGO

CLERK CHICAGO
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select e.ename,e.job,d.dname

2 from emp e,dept d

3 where e.deptno=d.deptno

4* and d.loc like 'DALLAS'

ENAME JOB DNAME

---------- --------- --------------

SMITH CLERK RESEARCH

JONES MANAGER RESEARCH

SCOTT ANALYST RESEARCH

ADAMS CLERK RESEARCH

FORD ANALYST RESEARCH

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL>
> select e.ename,e.job,d.dname,e.sal,s.grade

2 from emp e,dept d,salgrade s

3 where (e.deptno=d.deptno

4 and e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal)

5 and e.deptno=10

6* order by sal;

ENAME JOB DNAME SAL GRADE

---------- --------- -------------- ---------- ----------

MILLER CLERK ACCOUNTING 1300 2

CLARK MANAGER ACCOUNTING 2450 4

KING PRESIDENT ACCOUNTING 5000

5 5
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select e.empno,e.ename,m.empno,m.ename

2 from emp e,emp m

3 where e.mgr=m.empno

4 and e.deptno=10;

EMPNO ENAME EMPNO ENAME

---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

7782 CLARK 7839 KING

7934 MILLER 7782 CLARK

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,hiredate

2 from emp

3 where deptno=(select deptno

4 from emp

5 where ename like 'BLAKE');

ENAME HIREDATE

---------- --------

ALLEN 20/02/81

WARD 22/02/81

MARTIN 28/09/81

BLAKE 01/05/81

TURNER 08/09/81

JAMES 03/12/81

6 rows selected.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select empno,ename

2 from emp

3 where sal> all(select avg(sal)

4 from emp)

5* order by sal desc;

EMPNO ENAME

---------- ----------

7839 KING

7902 FORD

7788 SCOTT

7566 JONES

7698 BLAKE

7782 CLARK

6 rows selected.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,deptno,job

2 from emp

3 where deptno=(select deptno

4 from dept

5** where loc like 'DALLAS');

'DALLAS')

ENAME DEPTNO JOB

---------- ---------- ---------

SMITH 20 CLERK

JONES 20 MANAGER

SCOTT 20 ANALYST

ADAMS 20 CLERK

FORD 20 ANALYST
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select empno,ename,job,sal

2 from emp

3 where sal< all(select sal

4 from emp

5 where job like 'SALESMAN')

6 and job<>'SALESMAN';

EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL

---------- ---------- --------- ----------

7369 SMITH CLERK 800

7876 ADAMS CLERK 1100

7900 JAMES CLERK 950

SQL> select sal

2 from emp

3 where job like 'SALESMAN';

SAL

----------

1600

1250

1250

1500
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,deptno,sal

2 from emp

3 where
ere (sal,deptno) in (select sal,deptno

4 from emp

5 where comm is not null)

6 order by sal;

ENAME DEPTNO SAL

---------- ---------- ----------

MARTIN 30 1250

WARD 30 1250

TURNER 30 1500

ALLEN 30 1600

SQL> spool off

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select distinct e.ename,dal.dname ,e.sal

2 from emp e,(select m.sal,m.comm,d.dname

3 from emp m,dept d

4 where m.deptno=d.deptno

5 and d.loc = 'DALLAS')dal

6 where e.sal=dal.sal

7 and nvl(e.comm,0)) = nvl(dal.comm,0)

nvl(dal.comm,

8 order by sal;

ENAME DNAME SAL

---------- -------------- ----------

SMITH RESEARCH 800

ADAMS RESEARCH 1100

JONES RESEARCH 2975

FORD RESEARCH 3000

SCOTT RESEARCH 3000

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> select ename,hiredate,sal

2 from emp

3 where (sal,nvl(comm,0))
)) in (select sal,nvl(comm,0)
sal,nvl(comm,

4 from emp

5 where ename = 'SCOTT')

6 and ename<>'SCOTT';

ENAME HIREDATE SAL

---------- -------- ----------

FORD 03/12/81 3000

SQL> spool off

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL>insert into emp

values(1111,'AHMED','ENGENEER',
,'AHMED','ENGENEER',7839,'01-01-2004',5000,200,10);

1 row created.

============================================
===============

commit

--

SQL >update emp

set sal=7000

where ename='AHMED';

1 row updated.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> update emp

2 set sal = 1000

3 where sal<900;

1 row updated.

SQL>commit
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> delete from emp

2 where empno=1111;

1 row deleted.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> insert into emp

2 values (&empno,&ename,&job,&mgr,&hiredate,&sal,&comm,&deptno);

Enter value for empno: 111

Enter value for ename: 'Moh_Suez'

Enter value for job: 'DBA'

Enter value for mgr: 0

Enter value for hiredate: '01-01-2010

2010'

Enter value for sal: 12000

Enter value for comm: 1200

Enter value for deptno: 10

old 2:: values (&empno,&ename,&job,&mgr,&hiredate,&sal,&comm,&deptno)

new 2: values (111,'Moh_Suez','DBA',

,'Moh_Suez','DBA',0,'01-01-2010',12000,1200,10)

1 row created.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> create table department

25));
(Id number(7),Name varchar2(25
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> create table EMPLOYEE

2 (ID number(7),LAST_NAME
),LAST_NAME varchar2(25),FIRST_NAME
varchar varchar2(25
25),DEPT_ID
number(7));

Table created.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> alter table employee

2 modify ( 3 LAST_NAME varchar

varchar2(50));

Table altered.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> create table employee SQL> create table employee

2 (ID,LAST_NAME,DEPT_ID)
3 as
4 select empno,ename,deptno
5 from emp;
Table created.******
as
4 select empno ID,ename
LAST_NAME,deptno DEPT_ID
5 from emp;
Table created.******

SQL> select* SQL> select *

2 from employee; 2 from employee;

ID LAST_NAME DEPT_ID ID LAST_NAME DEPT_ID

---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH 20 7369 SMITH 20
7499 ALLEN 30 7499 ALLEN 30
7521 WARD 30 7521 WARD 30
7566 JONES 20 7566 JONES 20
7654 MARTIN 30 7654 MARTIN 30
7698 BLAKE 30 7698 BLAKE 30
7782 CLARK 10 7782 CLARK 10
7788 SCOTT 20 7788 SCOTT 20
7839 KING 10 7839 KING 10
7844 TURNER 30 7844 TURNER 30
7876 ADAMS 20 7876 ADAMS 20

ID LAST_NAME DEPT_ID ID LAST_NAME DEPT_ID

---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7900 JAMES 30 7900 JAMES 30
7902 FORD 20 7902 FORD 20
7934 MILLER 10 7934 MILLER 10

14 rows selected. 14 rows selected.

 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> alter table employee2

25));
2 add (FIRST_NAME varchar2(25

Table altered.

SQL> drop table employee;

Table dropped.

SQL> Rename employee2 to employee;

Table renamed.

SQL> alter table employee

drop (last_name);

Table altered
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬
‫أسئلة الفصل الحادى عشر واألخير‬

number( ) primary key,dname

SQL> create table DEPARTMENT ( deptno number(3)
varchar2(10),loc varchar2(15));

Table created.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

number( ,ename varchar2(10),dname

SQL> create table EMPLOYEE(empno number(3) ),dname
varchar2(10),

2 constraint emp_pk
p_pk primary key(empno),

3** constraint emp_uk unique(dname) ) ;

Table created.
 ‫ﺣـــــــﻞ‬

SQL> alter table employee

add constraint deptno_fk forign key(deptno) references dept(deptno);

Table altered.

SQL> alter table employee

al between 1000 and 5000);

add constraint sal_ck check(sal

Table altered.

SQL> select constraint_name,column_name

from user_cons_column

where table_name='EMPLOYEE';

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

name,constraint_type
SQL> select constraint-name,constraint_type

from user_constraint

where table_name='EMPLOYEE';
CONSTRAINT_NAME C

------------------------------ -

PK_EMP P

FK_DEPTNO R