Basic GelJet

Basic GelJet
www.get-u-wice.com 1 2 3 4 5
Basic GelJet
Service master
Full training module
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Slide 1
Basic GelJet_full-ct_SER_pdf_EN_1.0.a.exe Create d by: Technic al Trai nin g Ce ntre
Last upd ated o n 28- Nov- 06 Class ificati on: CONFIDENTIAL
List of Changes: (See: View > Notes Page)
Date of change Version History Description
27-Nov-2006 1.0.a Initial version (no changes)
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Technical Training Centre 1 www.get-u-wice.com
Basic GelJet
Objectives 1 2 3 4 5
After completing this training you should

understand the following:
The GelJet jargon/terminology
The GelJet printing process
Basic GelJet image adjustments
Basic GelJet service procedures
Basic GelJet troubleshooting
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Slide 2
Create d by: Technic al Trai nin g Ce ntre
No additional notes.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Requirements 1 2 3 4 5
A GelJet machine.
Windows computer + printer drivers
Service manual.
Operation manual.
This presentation.
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Slide 3
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Basic GelJet
Pre-requisites and exam 1 2 3 4 5
Printing (Basic).
Colour (Basic).
At the end of this course, you can do the exam

on WICE.
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Slide 4
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Module overview 1 2 3 4 5
1. Introduction
2. Detailed section descriptions
3. Image adjustments
4. Service procedures
5. Troubleshooting
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Slide 5
The below description about hyperlinks in this document only are applicable
when Powerpoint is in “Slide Show” view.
To go back to the above overview slide you can always click on the home
button.
Click on the the arrows on the bottom of the slide to go to the previous or
next slide.
To go directly to a chapter you can click on one of the hyperlinked numbers.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
or you can click on one of the the underlined chapter-names in the above
slide to “jump” to that chapter.
Click the Tessa or Wice news buttons to go to the websites.
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Basic GelJet
1. Introduction
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Slide 6
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Basic GelJet
Chapter overview 1 2 3 4 5
1.1 GelJet technology

1.2 Why GelJet?
1.3 GelJet history
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Slide 7
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Basic GelJet
1.1 GelJet technology 1 2 3 4 5
Ricoh has introduced a new inkjet

technology, called GelJet technology.
Machines that use this technology are
equipped with a GelJet engine.
A GelJet engine uses gel instead of toner.
Gel is a special type of ink.
A GelJet engine uses print-heads to create video
an image on paper. The print-heads move
across the paper and fire small drops of ink
onto the paper.
The ink is transferred directly onto the paper
and does not require fusing.
A GelJet machine does not require special
paper.
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Slide 8
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Basic GelJet
1.2 Why GelJet? 1 2 3 4 5
Good price/quality ratio

GelJet technology offers a better
price/quality ratio than laser
technology.
No fusing.
No warm-up time.
Low power consumption.
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Slide 9
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
1.3 GelJet history 1 2 3 4 5
Examples of GelJet engine based machines:
Alsace P1 / Provence P1
Provence P2W
Pegasus C1
Toscane G1 / Piemonte G1
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Slide 10
Examples of GelJet engine based machines:

Alsace P1 / Provence P1.
¾ Launched: 2004.
¾ Concept: desktop A4 printer.
Provence P2W.
¾ Launched: 2005.
¾ Concept: desktop A4/A3 printer.
Pegasus C1.
¾ Launched: 2006.
¾ Concept: A4/A3 MFP.
Toscane G1 / Piemonte G1.
¾ Launched: 2006.
¾ Concept: desktop A4 printer.
GelSprintertm
¾ The printer products are introduced under a special name and logo:
GelSprintertm
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Basic GelJet
2. Detailed section descriptions
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Slide 11
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Basic GelJet
2.1 Ink & gel

2.2 GelJet engine overview
2.3 GelJet printing process overview
2.4 Ink supply
2.5 Carriage unit
2.6 Print-heads
2.7 Paper transport
2.8 Printing modes
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Slide 12
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Basic GelJet
2.1 Ink & gel
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Slide 13
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
About ink 1 2 3 4 5
Main components of ink.

Chemical base.
Colourant (dye or pigment).
Additives.
Dye-based ink / pigment-based ink.
Dye-based ink Pigment-based ink
The dye particles are fully The pigment particles are

dissolved in the chemical base. dispersed throughout the
chemical base.
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Slide 14
About ink
The main components of ink nowadays can be divided into 3 groups: chemical base, colourant and
additives:
Chemical base.
¾ The chemical base is the carrier for the colourant and keeps the ink in a liquid state.
¾ The chemical base can be water, oil, alcohol, or other solvents.
Colourant.
¾ The colourant is the substance that gives colour to the ink.
¾ The colourant can be a dye or a pigment. Ink that uses dye as the colourant is called
dye-based ink. Ink that uses pigment as the colourant is called pigment-based ink.
¾ Dye-based ink.
•Dye is a chemical that fully dissolves in the chemical base. Generally dye-based
ink has a brighter colour than pigment-based ink, but because the dyes are
dissolved in the chemical base, they tend to soak into the paper, which makes the
ink less efficient and causing the ink to bleed into the paper.
¾ Pigment-based ink.
•A pigment does not dissolve in the chemical base. Pigment is a very fine powder of
solid colourant particles, dispersed throughout the chemical base. The pigment
particles do not soak into the paper together with the chemical base, they remain on
or between the fibers on the surface of the paper.
•Because pigment particles are larger than dye particles, pigment-based ink is
more durable and ultraviolet resistant. Also the pigment particles can be coated to
enhance the properties of the ink.
•The gel used in the GelJet technology is a pigment-base ink.
Additives.
¾ In addition to the chemical base and the colourant, ink also contains additives to give
the ink special properties. For example: additives that make the ink thicker or make the
ink dry faster. Each ink formula has a unique formula of additives.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Gel 1 2 3 4 5
The gel used in the GelJet technology is a

pigment-based, high viscous ink. This gel
has the following properties:
High evaporation level.
» Quick drying after contact with the paper.
» Enables fast printing (no stains on the
back of the next print-out).
» Enables fast duplex printing.
video
High viscosity.
» Prevents blurred image.
» Does not go through the paper (no stains
on the back).
Durable quality.
» Water resistant.
» Ultraviolet resistant.
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Slide 15
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Gel vs normal ink 1 2 3 4 5
Normal dye-based ink.
Normal pigment-based ink.
Gel.
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Slide 16
Gel vs normal ink

Normal dye-based ink.
¾ Normal dye-base ink goes into the fibers of the paper, bleeding the
image.
Normal pigment-based ink.
¾ Normal pigment-based ink remains on the surface of the paper, but
does not dry very quickly, making the image vulnerable to smudging
after printing.
Gel.
¾ The gel dries as soon as it comes into contact with the the paper. This
minimizes smudging and bleeding images.
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Basic GelJet
2.2 GelJet engine overview
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Slide 17
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
GelJet engine overview 1 2 3 4 5
Carriage unit
Ink tubes
Paper transport belt
Ink supply unit
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Slide 18
GelJet engine overview

The most essential parts of a GelJet engine are:
Paper transport belt.
¾ The paper transport belt is charged to hold the paper firmly and
transports the paper through the engine.
Carriage unit.
¾ The carriage unit holds the print-heads and moves along a guide rod
across the paper.
Ink supply unit.
¾ The ink supply unit holds the ink cartridges and the ink supply pumps.
Ink tubes.
¾ The ink tubes connect the ink supply pumps on the ink supply unit with
the print-heads on the carriage unit.
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Basic GelJet
2.3 GelJet printing process overview
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Slide 19
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
GelJet printing process overview 1 2 3 4 5
The carriage unit moves across the paper from side to side.
The print-heads fire small drops of ink onto the paper.
The paper is fed below the print-heads in steps.
Ink is transported from the ink cartridges to the print-heads.
No fusing.
video
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Slide 20
GelJet printing process overview

When a GelJet machine is printing, the carriage unit moves across the paper
from side to side. While the carriage unit moves across the paper, the print-
heads create an image by firing very small drops of ink onto the paper.
When needed, ink is transported through the ink tubes from the ink
cartridges to the print-heads.
While the machine is printing, the paper is fed below the print-heads in steps.
The ink is transferred directly onto the paper and does not need any fusing.
The ink quickly dries after contact with the paper.
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Basic GelJet
2.4 Ink supply
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Slide 21
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Ink supply overview 1 2 3 4 5
Ink supply unit.

Ink cartridges.
Ink supply pumps.
Print-head tank.
Print-head tanks Ink tubes
Dual tank system.
Ink cartridge.
Print-head tank.
Print-heads
Ink cartridges
Ink supply unit Ink supply pumps
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Slide 22
Ink supply unit

The ink supply unit holds the ink cartridges and the ink supply pumps. The ink supply
unit supplies ink to the print-head tanks.
Print-head tank
The print-head tank is a small ink tank mounted on top of the print-head and
provides ink to the print-head. The print-head can print as long as there is enough
ink inside the print-head tank.
Dual tank system
For each colour there are two ink tanks used in the ink supply process. The first tank
is the ink cartridge and the second tank is the print-head tank. This is called the dual
tank system.
Advantage.
¾ An advantage of the dual tank system is that the ink cartridges can be
completely used up. When the ink cartridge is empty, the machine can
still print with the ink remaining in the print-head tank.
Ink supply process overview
If a print-head tank runs out of ink, the machine signals the related ink supply
pump to supply more ink.
When an ink supply pump operates, ink is sucked out of the ink cartridge and
is transported through the ink tube to the print-head tank.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Ink cartridges 1 2 3 4 5
A separate ink cartridge is

used for each colour.
Easy installation.
An ink cartridge does not
have to be shaken before
installation. Ink valve
ID-chip
Ink bag
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Slide 23
Ink cartridges
The slide shows some ink cartridges from different GelJet machines. The different
ink cartridges differ in size, but are all based on the same principle. The following
applies to all GelJet ink cartridges:
A separate ink cartridge is used for each colour.
Installing/removing ink cartridges.
¾ Ink cartridges can easily be installed/removed by sliding them into/out
the ink supply unit on the front side of the machine. An ink cartridge
does not have to be shaken before it is installed.
Ink bag.
¾ Each ink cartridge holds an ink bag which contains the ink.
Ink valve.
¾ Ink leaves the ink cartridge through the ink valve. The ink supply pump,
on the back of the ink supply unit, sucks out the ink through a hollow
needle which penetrates the ink valve.
ID-chip.
¾ Most ink cartridges have an ID-chip that contains information about the
ink cartridge, such as: remaining amount of ink, used amount of ink,
installation date, etc.
Starter cartridges.
¾ Starter cartridges are available for some GelJet models. These
cartridges contain a smaller ink bag.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Ink supply pumps (1/2) 1 2 3 4 5
The ink supply pumps transport ink from the ink cartridges
to the print-head tanks.
A separate ink supply pump is used for each colour.
Ink supply pumps Ink supply motors

(on top of ink supply pumps)
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Slide 24
Ink supply pumps

The ink supply pumps are located at the back of the ink supply unit.
The ink supply pumps transport ink from the ink cartridges to the print-head
tanks.
A separate ink supply pump is used for each colour.
The slide shows the ink supply pumps from the Pegasus C1. In the picture
you can see two ink supply pumps attached to a black ink tube. This is
because the Pegasus C1 has two black print-heads (K1 and K2).
The ink supply pumps are operated by the ink supply motors. Sometimes two
pumps share one motor (as you can see in the picture). In that case one of
the two pumps can be operated at a time, depending on which way the motor
turns (forwards or backwards).
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Ink supply pumps (2/2) 1 2 3 4 5
Ink supply pump mechanism.
Ink tube
Ink supply motor

Ink from ink
cartridge
Hollow needle
Piston
Worm gear Cam
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Slide 25
Ink supply pump mechanism

A hollow needle, attached to the pump, penetrates the ink valve from the ink
cartridge on the other side of the ink supply unit.
The ink supply motor drives a cam through a worm gear.
The cam moves a piston.
The piston sucks out the ink from the ink cartridge and pumps it into the ink
tube.
If two pumps share one motor, a cam is attached on each side of the worm
gear through a one way clutch. Each cam is operates an ink supply pump
depending on which way the motor turns (forwards or backwards).
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Basic GelJet
2.5 Carriage unit
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Slide 26
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Carriage unit overview 1 2 3 4 5
The carriage unit holds the print-heads.
Guide rod
Belt
Main-scan motor
Carriage unit
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Slide 27
Carriage unit overview

The carriage unit holds the print-heads.
The carriage unit moves along a guide rod and moves across the paper from
side tot side when the machine is printing.
The carriage unit is moved by the main-scan motor through a belt.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Main-scan timing 1 2 3 4 5
Main-scan encoder sensor.

Main-scan encoder strip.
Main-scan encoder sensor
Carriage unit
Main-scan encoder strip
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Slide 28
Main-scan timing
To control the main-scan timing (timing of the carriage unit) a GelJet machine uses
the main-scan encoder sensor and the main-scan encoder strip:
Main-scan encoder sensor.
¾ The main-scan encoder sensor is a photo sensor mounted on the
carriage unit.
Main-scan encoder strip.
¾ The main-scan encoder strip is located near the guide rod of the
carriage unit and is threaded through the main-scan encoder sensor.
¾ The main-scan encoder strip is made of a transparent material and
contains very small vertical stripes.
When the carriage unit moves, the stripes on the main-scan encoder strip
interrupt the light of the main-scan encoder sensor. The machine uses the
signal from the main-scan encoder sensor to control the main-scan timing.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Paper registration 1 2 3 4 5
Paper registration sensor.
Paper
Carriage unit
Paper registration sensor
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Slide 29
Paper registration
A paper registration sensor is used to detect the edges of the paper. The paper
registration sensor is used to set the printing start position and to prevent printing
outside the paper (on the paper transport belt).
Paper registration sensor.
¾ The paper registration sensor is mounted on the carriage unit.
¾ The paper registration sensor detects the leading edge of the paper, the
paper width and the trailing edge of the paper.
¾ Sometimes also a sensor at the entrance of the engine is used to detect
the trailing edge and/or the leading edge of the paper.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Envelope lever 1 2 3 4 5
The envelope lever lifts the carriage unit.
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Slide 30
Envelope lever
The envelope lever mechanism lifts the print-heads slightly away from the surface of
the transport belt. This prevents the print-heads from touching the paper when
printing on thick paper or envelopes.
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Basic GelJet
2.6 Print-heads
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Slide 31
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Print-heads overview 1 2 3 4 5
Sensor pins print-head tank Ink tube
Print-
head
units Air
release
valve
Print-head
Wide print-head tank full-lever
Print-head / nozzles
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Slide 32
Print-heads overview
The left picture on the slide shows the carriage unit of the Provence P2W, which has
4 print-heads (CMYK). The right picture on the slide shows a single print-head unit.
The following items are the most essential parts of a print-head unit:
Print-head / nozzles.
¾ The print-head contains the nozzles. The nozzles are the ink ejection
devices that fire the ink onto the paper.
Wide print-heads
¾ The GelJet technology uses wide print-heads (about 33 mm on most
GelJet models). This is wider than those of competitor models. The
wide print-heads allow fast printing, because it requires fewer
movements of the print-heads to cover a complete page.
Print-head tank.
¾ The print-head tank is a small ink tank mounted on top of the print-head
and provides ink to the print-head.
Print-head tank full-lever.
¾ The print-head tank full-lever is mounted on the print-head tank and is
used to detect how much ink is left inside the print-head tank.
Sensor pins.
¾ The sensor pins are mounted on top of the print-head tank and monitor
the ink level in the print-head tank.
Air release valve.
¾ The air release valve is mounted on the print-head tank and is used to
release air from the print-head tank.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Nozzles / printing resolution 1 2 3 4 5
Printing resolution.
Print-head resolution (fixed).
Printing mode (variable).
Print-head 150dpi
300dpi
Nozzle
video
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Slide 33
Nozzles
The nozzles of the print-head are the ink ejection devices that fire the small drops of
ink onto the paper.
The slide shows a magnified picture of a GelJet print-head. The nozzles are
very small and cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Printing resolution
The printing resolution of a GelJet machine depends on the following:
Print-head resolution.
¾ The resolution of the print-head depends on the distance between the
nozzles. On most GelJet print-heads, the nozzles are arranged in two
arrays, each capable of printing 150 dpi. The two arrays are shifted
compared to each other, together they are capable of printing 300 dpi.
¾ The print-head resolution is fixed.
Printing mode.
¾ The printing mode sets in which way and in how many steps the image
is created.
¾ The printing mode is variable.
¾ More about printing modes will be explained later in this module.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Piëzo ink ejection system 1 2 3 4 5
Used in the GelJet technology.

Piëzo element.
Different drop sizes.
Piëzo element Piëzo element
Ink
Nozzle exit
Ink drop
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Slide 34
Piëzo ink ejection system

To fire the ink drops onto the paper, the GelJet technology uses the piëzo ink
ejection system. The piëzo ink ejection system uses a piëzo element to eject the ink
drops from the nozzle.
Piëzo element.
¾ A piëzo element consists of a piëzo-electric-crystal. A piëzo-electric-
crystal changes in shape when an electrical charge is applied to it.
The pictures on the slide explain how the piëzo ink ejection system works:
¾ Left picture: no charge is applied to the piëzo element.
¾ Right picture: A charge is applied to the piëzo element. The piëzo
element expands and ejects an ink drop from the nozzle.
Different drop sizes.
¾ A GelJet machine can create different drop sizes by controlling the
charge to the piëzo element.
¾ The size of the ink drops can vary around 5 to 36 pl (Pico liter=10-12
liter).
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Bubble jet ink ejection system 1 2 3 4 5
NOT used in the GelJet technology.

Heat element.
Disadvantages.
Heat element Bubble

Ink
Nozzle exit
Ink drop
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Slide 35
Bubble jet ink ejection system

The bubble jet system is another ink ejection system used in inkjet machines
nowadays. The bubble jet system uses a heat element instead of a piëzo element to
eject the ink drops from the nozzle.
The pictures on the slide explain how the bubble jet system works:
¾ Left picture: The heat element is not activated.
¾ Right picture: The heat element is activated. The ink around the heat
element vaporizes, creating a bubble. The bubble pushes an ink drop
out of the nozzle.
The bubble jet system is cheaper than the piëzo system, but has some
disadvantages.
Disadvantages:
¾ The heat element is not that controllable as a piëzo element. Therefore
the bubble jet system is not able to create different drop sizes like the
piëzo system.
¾ Because the ink has to endure the heat of the heat element, the bubble
jet system cannot use a wide variety of inks like the piëzo system.
¾ If there is no ink inside the nozzle, the heat element can get overheated
and burn. The nozzle will then be out of order, reducing the image
quality.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
M-Dot technology 1 2 3 4 5
Modulated-dot technology.
Allows a GelJet machine to combine ink drops to create more
variations in ink drop sizes.
1 2 3 4 5
Nozzle
A B C
A B
C
A
A+B
A+B+C
video
Paper
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Slide 36
M-Dot technology
In addition to creating different drop sizes, a GelJet machine can combine different
drops together to make one bigger drop. This is called M-Dot technology
(Modulated-Dot Technology).
M-Dot technology allows a GelJet machine to create more variations in drop
sizes.
The picture on the slide shows in 5 steps from left to right how three drops
(A, B, and C) are combined to one bigger drop (A+B+C). The drops are fired
in rapid succession. The last drops are ejected faster and stronger than the
first drops. The drops merge to one bigger drop before they hit the paper.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Print-head tank full detection (1/2) 1 2 3 4 5
Print-head tank full-lever.
Bellow Print-head tank full-lever Print-head tank top view
Bellow
Print-head tank full-lever
1 2
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Slide 37
Print-head tank full-lever

Each print-head tank has a print-head tank full-lever. The position of the print-head
tank full-lever indicates how much ink is left inside the print-head tank.
Bellow.
¾ The bellow is a flexible thin plastic film on the side of the print-head
tank. The print-head tank full-lever is mounted on the print-head tank
and pushes against the bellow.
The two pictures on the slide explain how the print-head tank full-lever
moves:
¾ Picture 1: The print-head tank is full. The pressure of the ink pushes
against the bellow and pushes the print-head tank full-lever away from
the side of the tank.
¾ Picture 2: As ink is consumed during printing, the vacuum created pulls
the print-head tank full-lever to the side of the print-head tank.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Print-head tank full detection (2/2) 1 2 3 4 5
Print-head tank full sensor.

Print-head tank refill.
Ink near end detection.
Print-head tank
full sensor
Print-head tank full-levers
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Slide 38
Print-head tank full sensor

The print-head tank full sensor is mounted on the frame of the engine.
The tip of each print-head tank full-lever is placed outside the carriage unit.
When the carriage unit passes the print-head tank full sensor, the tips of the
print-head tank full-levers pass through the print-head tank full sensor.
The print-head tank full sensor detects the position of the print-head tank full-
levers.
Print-head tank refill
If the print-head tank full sensor detects one of the print-head tank full-levers
against the side of the tank, the related ink supply pump is activated to refill
the print-head tank.
The ink supply pump is activated until the print-head tank full-lever is back at
its original position.
Ink near end detection
An ink near end situation is detected depending on the time it takes to refill a
print-head tank.
If the print-head tank is refilled, but not within a specified time, the machine
will detect an ink near end situation.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Air release / ink out detection 1 2 3 4 5
Sensor pins.
Air release valve.
Ink out detection.
Sensor pins
Air release valve
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Slide 39
Sensor pins
Two sensor pins (1 pair for each tank) monitor the ink level in the print-head
tank. When the surface of the ink touches the sensor pins, a current flows
between the pins which indicates that the print-head tank is filled with ink.
When the sensor pins do not touch the surface of the ink, the current does
not flow which indicates that the ink level is low.
Air release valve
When the ink level is low, the air release valve is opened and the ink supply
pump starts pumping ink to the print-head tank.
The air release valve is located on the side of the print-head tank and can be
opened by a solenoid on the frame of the engine.
The air release valve enables air to escape from the print-head tank, allowing
more ink to enter the tank.
Ink out detection
The machine detects an ink out situation when the machine tries to refill the
print-head tank and the ink level stays below the sensor pins.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Maintenance unit (1/2) 1 2 3 4 5
Covers the print-heads when they are not used (home

position of the carriage unit).
Cleans the print-heads with suction.
Carriage unit
Maintenance unit
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Slide 40
Maintenance unit
The maintenance unit is located below the carriage unit when the carriage
unit is in the home position.
The maintenance unit protects the print-heads when they are not used.
Also the maintenance unit cleans the print-heads with suction to keep the
print-heads in a good condition.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Maintenance unit (2/2) 1 2 3 4 5
Caps Maintenance motor
Pump
Wiper
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Slide 41
Caps
The maintenance unit contains one cap for each print-head. The picture on the slide shows
the maintenance unit from the Pegasus C1 (5 print-heads).
The caps can move up and down.
The caps cover the print-heads when they are not used. This keeps the surface of the print-
heads moist, preventing the nozzles from drying and clogging.
One of the caps is attached to a pump. This cap can clean a print-head with suction.
Wiper
The wiper can wipe ink from a print-head. This is done after print-head cleaning.
The wiper can move up and down.
Maintenance motor
The maintenance motor drives the caps, the wiper and the pump.
Print-head cleaning
Print-head cleaning is done automatically at specified intervals during printing or after the
machine has been in standby-mode or switched off.
Print-head cleaning can also be activated manually. This can be done for maintenance
purposes, as described later in this module.
Print-head cleaning process overview:
1. The caps are lowered.
2. The carriage unit moves above the maintenance unit. The print-head that will be
cleaned is positioned above the cap that is attached to the pump.
3. The caps are raised.
4. The pump is activated, the print-head is cleaned with suction.
5. The caps are lowered. The wiper is raised.
6. The cleaned print-head moves across the wiper. The wiper removes remaining ink
from the cleaned print-head.
7. Removed ink goes to the ink collection tank below the maintenance unit.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Ink collection 1 2 3 4 5
Carriage unit
Ink collection tank
Maintenance unit
Ink collection tank full sensor
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 42
Ink collection tank

All ink that is collected by the maintenance unit goes to the ink collection tank.
The ink collection tank is located below the maintenance unit.
The ink collection tanks of different GelJet models differ in size and shape,
but all function the same. The picture on the slide shows the ink collection
tank from the Pegasus C1.
Ink collection tank full sensor.
¾ On most GelJet models the ink collection tank contains a tank full
sensor. This sensor is mounted in top of the ink collection tank and
detects when the tank is full.
When the ink collection tank is full, it has to be replaced.
Keep the ink collection tank level when removing it, to prevent ink leakage.
¾ Also when moving the machine keep the machine level to prevent
leakage from the ink collection tank.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Print-head flushing 1 2 3 4 5
When the nozzles are flushed, the nozzles eject some

amount of ink.
Flushing unit.
Carriage unit Flushing unit
Maintenance unit
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 43
Print-head flushing
A GelJet machine flushes the nozzles of the print-heads at specified times. When
the nozzles are flushed, the nozzles eject some amount of ink to keep the nozzles
clear and in good condition.
Print-head flushing is done automatically at specified intervals during printing
or after the machine has been in standby-mode or switched off.
Print-head flushing can also be activated manually. This can be done for
maintenance purposes, as described later in this module.
The machine can flush the print-heads above the maintenance unit or above
the flushing unit. During printing, the machine flushes the print-heads above
the flushing unit.
¾ Flushing above the maintenance unit takes longer because only one
print-head can be flushed at a time (there is only one cap attached to a
pump). That is why the machine uses the flushing unit to flush the print-
heads during printing.
Flushing unit.
¾ The flushing unit is located on the other side of the paper transport belt,
opposite to the maintenance unit.
¾ The flushing unit consists of a closed ink collection tank with openings
in the top side (one for each print-head).
¾ On most GelJet models the flushing unit does not reach a full condition
within the life time of the machine and therefore does not have to be
emptied or replaced.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
2.7 Paper transport
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 44
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Paper transport belt 1 2 3 4 5
Charge roller.
Charge control.
Carriage unit
Paper
Charge roller Transport belt
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 45

Most GelJet machines use a paper transport belt system. The paper transport belt
transports the paper through the engine. The paper transport belt is charged to keep
the paper flat and in place, enabling fast and accurate printing.
Charge Roller.
¾ In most GelJet machines the transport belt is charged by a charge roller
located below the paper transport belt.
Charge Control.
¾ The charge on the belt is controlled by the machine. The charge needs
to be sufficient to hold the paper, but not too much to interfere with the
print-heads. The belt charge is set depending on the paper type, the
temperature and the humidity.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Sub-scan timing 1 2 3 4 5
Transport belt Paper
Sub-scan motor
Sub-scan encoder disc
Sub-scan encoder sensor
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 46
Sub-scan timing
The sub-scan motor drives the paper transport belt through a belt. To control the
sub-scan timing (timing of the transport belt) a GelJet machine uses the sub-scan
encoder sensor and the sub-scan encoder disc.
Sub-scan encoder sensor.
¾ The sub-scan encoder sensor is a photo sensor mounted next to the
sub-scan encoder disc.
Sub-scan encoder disc.
¾ The sub-scan encoder disc is mounted on the shaft of the transport belt
drive roller. The edge of the sub-scan encoder disc goes through the
sub-scan encoder sensor.
¾ The sub-scan encoder disc is made of a transparent material and
contains very small stripes on the edge of the disc.
When the sub-scan encoder disc rotates, the stripes on the edge of the disc
interrupt the light of the sub-scan encoder sensor. The machine uses the
signal from the sub-scan encoder sensor to control the sub-scan timing.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
2.8 Printing modes
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 47
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Printing modes introduction 1 2 3 4 5
The printing mode specifies in which way and in how many steps the
print-heads print the image.
The printing mode affects the printing resolution and the printing speed.
The printing mode is variable.
The following affects the printing mode:
Paper type setting.
Print quality setting.
Position of the envelope lever.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 48
Printing modes introduction

The printing mode specifies in which way and in how many steps the print-heads
print the image. The printing mode affects the resolution and the printing speed.
Printing resolution
¾ The print-head resolution is fixed, but a GelJet machine can increase
the printing resolution by increasing the amount of times the print-heads
move across the paper to print the image.
Printing speed
¾ To increase the printing resolution, the print-heads have to make more
movements to print the image. Therefore the printing speed decreases
when the printing resolution increases.
The printing mode is variable. Many different printing modes are possible.
Not all GelJet models use all possible printing modes.
Which printing mode does the machine use?
¾ The following affects the printing mode:
•Paper type setting.
•Printing quality setting.
•Position of the envelope lever.
¾ Depending on the model, some SP modes are available to affect the
printing mode.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Printing modes variables 1 2 3 4 5
The printing mode consists of the following

variables:
Scan
Paper feed
Uni-/bi-directional printing
Pass
Interlace
The printing resolution and printing speed
depend on a combination of the printing mode
variables.
The printing mode variables will be explained in
the next slides.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 49
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Scan 1 2 3 4 5
A scan means one sweep of the print-heads across the paper

while printing.
The examples below show a print line printed in 1 scan, 2 scans
or 4 scans.
1 scan
2 scans
4 scans
print- print
= heads = line = scan
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 50
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Paper feed (1/3) 1 2 3 4 5
The printing mode specifies how much the paper is fed during printing.
If the paper feed steps are smaller, the dots on the paper are printed more
diffused throughout the image, resulting in a better image quality.
Paper feed example 1:
In this example the paper is fed 1 print-head width after each scan.
print- print paper

= heads = line = scan = feed
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 51
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Paper feed (2/3) 1 2 3 4 5

In this example the paper is fed ½ print-head width after each scan.
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 52
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Paper feed (3/3) 1 2 3 4 5

In this example the paper is fed ¼ print-head width after each scan.
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 53
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Uni-directional printing 1 2 3 4 5
Uni-directional printing means the print-heads print in only one direction.

After each scan the print-heads move back before making the next scan.
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 54
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Bi-directional printing 1 2 3 4 5
Bi-directional printing means the print-heads print in both directions.

After each scan, the next scan is made in the opposite direction.
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 55
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Pass 1 2 3 4 5
‘Pass’ is used to explain in how many steps the image is created in main-
scan direction.
The examples below show how the dots on the paper are printed in 1 pass, 2
passes or 4 passes.
1 scan
1 pass:
1st scan 2nd scan
2 passes:
1st scan 2nd scan 3th scan 4th scan
4 passes:
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 56
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Interlace 1 2 3 4 5
‘Interlace’ is used to explain in how many steps the image is created in

sub-scan direction.
The examples below show how the dots on the paper are printed with 1/1
interlace, 1/2 interlace or 1/4 interlace.
1 scan
1/1 interlace:
1st scan 2nd scan
1/2 interlace:
1/4 interlace:
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 57
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Printing mode examples (1/4) 1 2 3 4 5
1 pass - 1/1 interlace - uni-directional - 300dpi
1 scan
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 58
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
1 pass - 1/2 interlace - uni-directional - 600dpi
1st scan 2nd scan
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 59
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
1 pass - 1/2 interlace - bi-directional - 600dpi
1st scan 2nd scan
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 60
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
2 passes - 1/2 interlace - bi-directional - 600dpi
print- print paper

Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 61
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Exercise 1 2 3 4 5
Setup your pc to print on your GelJet machine.

Make a couple of prints on your GelJet machine,
using different printer driver settings. Use
different quality settings and different paper type
settings. The GelJet machine will use different
printing modes.
Examine the print-heads while printing and
examine the output. Notice the different printing
modes. You may have to open/remove some
covers to get a good view on the print-heads.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 62
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
3. Image adjustment
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 63
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
3.1 Nozzle blockage check

3.2 Print-head gap adjustment
3.3 Paper feed adjustment
3.4 Paper registration adjustment
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 64
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
3.1 Nozzle blockage check 1 2 3 4 5
Nozzle blockage check pattern.
correct
NOT correct
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 65
Nozzle blockage check

The output of a GelJet machine can be affected because one or more nozzles are
blocked. To check this, most GelJet machines can print a nozzle blockage check
pattern.
Nozzle blockage check pattern.
¾ The nozzle check pattern is created using all nozzles from all colours. If
one ore more nozzles are blocked, the output will show one or more
blank areas.
Print-head cleaning/flushing.
¾ If the nozzle blockage check pattern indicates that one or more nozzles
are blocked, most GelJet machines have an option to activate the print-
head cleaning- or print-head flushing operation.
¾ Print-head cleaning/flushing can clear blocked nozzles.
¾ Print-head cleaning/flushing consumes an amount of ink. Always follow
the procedures for print-head cleaning/flushing as described in the
Service Manual/Operation Manual.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Exercise 1 2 3 4 5
Print out a nozzle blockage check pattern on

your GelJet machine.
Examine the nozzle blockage check pattern to
see if your GelJet machine needs print-head
cleaning or print-head flushing. Follow the
procedures for print-head cleaning/flushing as
described in the Service Manual/Operation
Manual.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 66
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
3.2 Print-head gap adjustment 1 2 3 4 5
Print-head gap adjustment pattern.
correct
NOT correct
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 67
Print-head gap adjustment

The output of a GelJet machine can be affected when the print-heads are not
aligned. In other words, if the colours on the paper (CMYK) are shifted compared to
each other (gap between the print-heads). To adjust this, most GelJet machines
have a print-head gap adjustment function. This function will adjust the timing
between the print-heads. To do print-head gap adjustment, the machine can print a
head gap adjustment pattern.
Print-head gap adjustment pattern.
¾ The machine takes one print-head (usually K) as a reference to which
the other print-heads are adjusted.
¾ For each print-head the machine prints out a row of patches with a
different head gap adjustment. This is done in both printing directions.
Each patch consist of thin vertical lines. On top of each patch a patch is
printed using the reference print-head.
¾ After the adjustment pattern has been printed, the value of the best
patch out of each row has to be entered into the machine.
¾ The best patch is the one where the lines from the reference print-head
are exactly on top of the lines from the other print-head.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Exercise 1 2 3 4 5
Do the print-head gap adjustment procedure on

your GelJet machine. Follow the procedures as
Manual.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 68
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
3.3 Paper feed adjustment 1 2 3 4 5
Paper feed adjustment pattern.
correct
NOT correct
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 69
Paper feed adjustment

The output of a GelJet machine can be affected when the sub scan timing is not
correct. In other words, when the paper is fed too much or not enough during
printing. To adjust this, most GelJet machines have a paper feed adjustment
function. In the SP-mode this is generally referred as ‘sub scan send adjustment’. To
do paper feed adjustment, the machine can print a paper feed adjustment pattern.
Paper feed adjustment pattern.
¾ The machine prints out a row of patches, each with a different paper
feed adjustment value. Each patch consist of thin horizontal lines.
¾ After the adjustment pattern has been printed, the value of the best
patch has to be entered into the machine.
¾ The best patch is the one were the horizontal lines are perfectly flat and
on top of each other.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Exercise 1 2 3 4 5
Do the paper feed adjustment procedure on your

GelJet machine. Follow the procedures as
Manual.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 70
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
3.4 Paper registration adjustment 1 2 3 4 5
Paper registration adjustment sheet.

Adjustment in main-scan direction
(example: adjustment value= +1)
Adjustment in sub-scan direction
(example: adjustment value= +2)
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 71
Paper registration adjustment

To adjust the printing start position, most GelJet machines have a paper registration
adjustment function. To do paper registration adjustment, the machine can print a
paper registration adjustment sheet.
Paper registration adjustment sheet.
¾ Paper registration adjustment in main-scan direction.
•The sheet has to be folded lengthwise by aligning its corners. Then
the sheet has to be held to the light.
•The alignment difference between the printed cross joint and the
vertical line determines the adjustment value. This value has to be
entered into the machine.
¾ Paper registration adjustment in sub-scan direction.
•The sheet has to be folded widthwise by aligning its corners. Then
the sheet has to be held to the light.
•The alignment difference between the printed cross joint and the
horizontal line determines the adjustment value.This value has to be
entered into the machine.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Exercise 1 2 3 4 5
Do the paper registration adjustment procedure

on your GelJet machine. Follow the procedures
as described in the Service Manual/Operation
Manual.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 72
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
4. Service procedures
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 73
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
4. Chapter overview 1 2 3 4 5
4.1 Print-head manual cleaning

4.2 Paper transport belt cleaning
4.3 Transporting a GelJet machine
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 74
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
4.1 Print-head manual cleaning 1 2 3 4 5
The PM or EM procedures for some GelJet

models require the print-heads to be cleaned
manually.
The surface of the print-heads can be cleaned
with a damp cloth.
Procedure:
Use a delicate material of cloth like used for
optical equipment. Ricoh can supply these
special cloths.
Gently wipe in one direction.
Do not use a dry cloth.
Use water.
Do not use alcohol or other solvents.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 75
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
4.2 Paper transport belt cleaning 1 2 3 4 5
The PM or EM procedures for some GelJet

models require the paper transport belt to be
cleaned manually.
The surface of the paper transport belt can be
cleaned with a dampened cloth and dried with a
dry cloth.
Procedure:
In normal cases: use water.
In cases of heavy dirt (dried ink): use alcohol
» IMPORTANT: Clean the transport belt with water after
cleaning it with alcohol.
Make sure the paper transport belt is completely
dry after cleaning the paper transport belt.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 76
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
4.3 Transporting a GelJet machine 1 2 3 4 5
Most GelJet models require one or more of the

following to be done when transporting the
machine:
Remove the ink cartridges.
Perform an ‘ink purge’. This will purge all ink
from the print-head tanks, to prevent leakage
during transport.
Make sure the carriage unit is locked in the
home position (on the maintenance unit).
Remove the ink collection tank.
Keep the machine level, to prevent leakage.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 77
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5. Troubleshooting
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 78
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5. Chapter overview 1 2 3 4 5
5.1 Smudging
5.2 Colour shifting
5.3 White lines
5.4 Dark lines
5.5 Paper from cold storage
5.6 White spots
5.7 Banding
5.8 Printing on OHP sheets
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 79
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.1 Smudging 1 2 3 4 5
The print-heads touch the surface of the paper.

Use the envelope lever.
There is ink on the paper transport belt.
Clean the transport belt.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 80
Smudging
Smudging can be caused by the following:
The print-heads touch the surface of the paper while printing.
¾ Possible cause:
•Paper curling caused by a high ink coverage.
•Paper that is already curled, folded or damaged.
•Too thick paper.
¾ Work around:
•Use the envelope lever.
•Try to flatten paper that is curled.
•Do not use damaged paper.
There is ink on the paper transport belt.
¾ Work around:
•Clean the paper transport belt.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.2 Colour shifting 1 2 3 4 5
Timing between the print-heads is not correct.

Do the print-head gap adjustment.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 81
Colour shifting
Colour shifting occurs when the timing between the print-heads is not correct,
causing shifted colours on the paper (CMYK).
Work around:
¾ Do the print-head gap adjustment procedure.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.3 White lines 1 2 3 4 5
Paper feed value is too high.

Do the paper feed adjustment procedure.
Nozzles are blocked.
Do the nozzle blockage check procedure.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 82
White lines
White lines in main-scan direction can be caused by the following:
The paper feed timing is not correct, the paper feed value is too high,
causing gaps between the print lines.
¾ Work around:
•Do the paper feed adjustment procedure.
One or more nozzles are blocked.
¾ Work around:
•Do the nozzle block check. If the nozzle check pattern indicates that
one or more nozzles are blocked, most GelJet machines have an
option to initiate the print-head cleaning- or print-head flushing
operation.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.4 Dark lines 1 2 3 4 5
Paper feed value is too low.

Do the paper feed adjustment procedure.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 83
Dark lines
Dark lines in main-scan direction can be caused by the following:
The paper feed timing is not correct, the paper feed value is too low, causing
the print lines to overlap.
¾ Work around:
•Do the paper feed adjustment procedure.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.5 Paper from cold storage 1 2 3 4 5
Paper is too cold.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 84
Uneven image density with paper from cold storage

When paper is used which is still in a cold state, an even charge cannot be applied
across the paper surface. As a result, the surface of the paper cannot be firmly
attached to the paper transport belt in some areas, resulting in image density
variations across the paper.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.6 White spots 1 2 3 4 5
Surface of the paper repels the ink. Paper type is outside

the recommended paper types.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 85
White spots
When using a paper type that has a very low ink absorption rate (outside
recommended types), some areas on the paper surface can repel the ink, creating
white spots.
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.7 Banding 1 2 3 4 5
The colours of each print line are transferred to the paper

in opposite order compared to the previous print line.
Change to uni-directional printing mode.
Change to 600 dpi mode.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 86
Banding
When a GelJet machine is printing in full-colour mode at 300dpi, each complete print
line is printed in one scan (1 pass, 1/1 interlace). This means that when the machine
is printing in bi-directional mode, each print line is printed in the opposite direction
compared to the previous print line. This also means that the colours (CMYK) of
each print line are transferred to the paper in opposite order compared to the
previous print line. This can cause banding in the image.
Work around:
¾ Change to uni-directional printing mode.
¾ Change to 600 dpi mode.
¾ Some GelJet machines use two Y and two M print-heads on each side
of the carriage unit to keep the colours in the same order in each
printing direction (banding is most visible with Y and M colours).
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
5.8 Printing on OHP sheets 1 2 3 4 5
Do not use black ink to print on OHP sheets. The

black ink does not dry quick enough on OHP
sheets. This causes bad quality printing.
Only CMY colours can be used to print on OHP
sheets.
To print on OHP sheets the paper type setting for
the paper tray has to be set on ‘OHP’. The
machine will then only use CMY colours to print.
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 87
Ricoh Europe B.V.

Basic GelJet
Basic GelJet
END
Versio n: 1.0.a
Slide 88
Ricoh Europe B.V.


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List of Changes: (See: View > Notes Page)

Date of change Version History Description

27-Nov-2006 1.0.a Initial version (no changes)

Ricoh Europe B.V.

 After completing this training you should

Ricoh Europe B.V.

 Windows computer + printer drivers

Ricoh Europe B.V.

Pre-requisites and exam 1 2 3 4 5

 At the end of this course, you can do the exam

Ricoh Europe B.V.

 To go directly to a chapter you can click on one of the hyperlinked numbers.

 Click the Tessa or Wice news buttons to go to the websites.

Ricoh Europe B.V.

Ricoh Europe B.V.

1.1 GelJet technology

Ricoh Europe B.V.

1.1 GelJet technology 1 2 3 4 5

 Ricoh has introduced a new inkjet

Ricoh Europe B.V.

1.2 Why GelJet? 1 2 3 4 5

 Good price/quality ratio

Ricoh Europe B.V.

1.3 GelJet history 1 2 3 4 5

 Examples of GelJet engine based machines:

Examples of GelJet engine based machines:

Ricoh Europe B.V.

2. Detailed section descriptions

Ricoh Europe B.V.

2.1 Ink & gel

Ricoh Europe B.V.

2.1 Ink & gel

Ricoh Europe B.V.

 Main components of ink.

Dye-based ink Pigment-based ink

The dye particles are fully The pigment particles are

Ricoh Europe B.V.

 The gel used in the GelJet technology is a

Ricoh Europe B.V.

Gel vs normal ink 1 2 3 4 5

 Normal dye-based ink.

 Normal pigment-based ink.

Gel vs normal ink

Ricoh Europe B.V.

2.2 GelJet engine overview

Ricoh Europe B.V.

GelJet engine overview 1 2 3 4 5

Paper transport belt

Ink supply unit

GelJet engine overview

Ricoh Europe B.V.

2.3 GelJet printing process overview

Ricoh Europe B.V.

GelJet printing process overview 1 2 3 4 5

GelJet printing process overview

Ricoh Europe B.V.

2.4 Ink supply

Ricoh Europe B.V.

Ink supply overview 1 2 3 4 5

 Ink supply unit.

Ink supply unit Ink supply pumps

After completing this training you should

Windows computer + printer drivers

At the end of this course, you can do the exam

To go directly to a chapter you can click on one of the hyperlinked numbers.

Click the Tessa or Wice news buttons to go to the websites.

Ricoh has introduced a new inkjet

Good price/quality ratio

Examples of GelJet engine based machines:

Main components of ink.

The gel used in the GelJet technology is a

Normal dye-based ink.

Normal pigment-based ink.

Ink supply unit.

A separate ink cartridge is

Ink supply pump mechanism.

The carriage unit holds the print-heads.

Main-scan encoder sensor.

Paper registration sensor.

The envelope lever lifts the carriage unit.

Used in the GelJet technology.

NOT used in the GelJet technology.

Print-head tank full-lever.

Print-head tank full sensor.

Covers the print-heads when they are not used (home