Metal Forming

1. Bulk Deformation
2. Sheet metal forming

Bulk Deformation.
1. Rolling
2. Drawing
3. Forging
4. Extrusion

1. Rolling
(i) Flat
(ii) Shape
(iii) Rolling mills
(a) Two high rolling mill
(b) Three high rolling mill
(c) Four high rolling mill
(iv) Tandem
(v) Thread
(vi) Ring
(vii) Rolling piercing
2. Drawing
(i) Tube Drawing
3. Extrusion
(i) Direct
(ii) Indirect
(iii) Hydrostatic
4. Forging
(i) Open
(ii) Impression
(iii) flash less

i. upsetting
ii. heading
iii. fullering
iv. edging
v. drawing down
vi. bending
vii. flattening
viii. blocking
ix. cut off
x. punching
xi. piercing
xii. swaging
xiii. coining
Sheet metal forming
Press operations
1. cutting
2. forming

Cutting
1. Blanking
2. Punching piercing
3. Notching
4. Perforating
5. Trimming
6. Shaving
7. Nibbling
8. Slitting
9. Lancing
Forming
1. Bending
(i) V-Bending
(ii) Edge Bending
(iii) Roll bending
(iv) Tube bending
2. Spinning
(i) Conventional
(ii) Shear
(iii) Tube
3. Drawing
4. Stretch forming
5. Superplastic forming
 (i) Explosive
6. Embossing
7. Shot peening
Polymers
1. Plastics
(i) Thermosetting
(ii) Thermoplastic
Additives
a. Filler
b. Plasticizer
c. Colorants
d. Lubricants
e. Fire retardants
f. Cross link
g. Ultraviolet
2. Elastomers
(i) Natural
(ii) Synthetic

Thermosetting molding
1. Transfer molding
2. Compression molding
Thermoplastic molding
1. Injection molding
2. Blow molding
3. Rotational molding.
Thermoforming
Composite materials
1. Polymer matrix C
2. Metal matrix C
3. Ceramics matric c
Welding
1. Fusion welding
2. Solid state welding
Fusion welding
1. Arc welding
a. Consumable
(i) Shield metal arc welding
(ii) Gas metal arc welding
(iii) Flux cored arc welding
(iv) Electro gas arc welding
(v) Submerged arc welding
b. Non-consumable
(i) Gas tungsten arc welding
(ii) Plasma arc welding
(iii) Carbon arc welding
(iv) Stud arc welding
2. Resistance welding
(i) Spot
(ii) Seam
(iii) projection
3. Oxyfuel gas welding
4. Oxyacetylene welding
5. Electrons beam welding
6. Laser beam welding
7. Thermit welding

Solid State Welding

1. Forge welding
2. Ultrasonic welding
3. Cold
4. Rolling
5. Friction
6. Explosive
7. Diffusion