SET THEORY AND LOGARITHM

1. If U= { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} , A={1,2,3}, B={1,2,3,4,5} ;then (A∪B) C = ? a.{6,7,8,9} b.A∩B c.∅ d.none

2. Given U={ 1,2,3,4,5……14,15} , A = {x:x≥ 8} , B ={ x : x≤ 4} ,C ={ x: 4<x<12} ; then value of (A∪B)–(A∩B)= ?
a.A b.{ 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15} c.{ } d. C
3. In a certain village ,all people speak Nepali or Tharu or both . If 90% of people speak Nepali and 20% Tharu language, how many
speak , in percent, respectilively both language ,nepali only, tharu only?
a.10,60,10 b.10,80,20 c. 10,80,10 d.10,70,20
4. In a group of students 18 read Biology , 19 read Chemistry ,and 16 read Physics. Six read Biology only , 9 read Chemistry only , 5
read Biology and Chemistry only and 2 read Chemistry and Physics only; then how many read all three subjects and how many
students are there all together? a.4,36 b.3,24 c.3,12 d.3 ,36
5. If A ={ x : x= 2n+1,n≤5 ,n∈ N} ,B = { x : x= 3n-2 ,n≤ 4 , n∈ N}, then B – A =? a.{ 1,4,10} b.{1,49} c.∅ d.none
6. If U = { x: -1≤x -2≤ 7} , A={ x: x is a prime number } and B={ x: x is an odd number} ; then the set of elements which are either
prime or odd is ………. a . {1,2,3,5,6,7,9} b. { 1,2,3,5,7,9} c.{1,2,3,4,5,7,9} d.none
7. If U = { x: -1≤x -2≤ 7} , A={ x: x is a prime number } and B={ x: x is an odd number} ; then the set of elements which are prime
but not odd is ………. a . B-A b. { 1,2,3,5,7,9} c.{2} d.none
8. If n(U)=100 , n(A)=75 , n(B)= 40, n(A∪B)=80, then n(A∩B) & n(A∪B)C =?a. 40,25 b.35,25 c.35,0 d.35,20
9. 32 students play basketball and 25 students play volleyball. It is found that 13 students play both games. Then the number of
students playing at least one game is…….. a. 44 b.22 c.33 d.57
10. In a certain village of Nepal ,all people speak Nepali or newari or both.If 60% of the people speak nepali and 50% speak newari ,
how many speak both language? a.55% b.48% c.46% d.44%
11. Of a group of 120 students, 90 take mathematics and 72 take statistics.If 10 students take neither of the two , how many take
both? a.48 b.18 c. 52 d.62
12. In a group of 65 persons , 20 drink tea but not coffee , 38 drink tea ,15 take neither of the two ,then how many drink tea and
coffee both and how many drink coffee but not tea? a.18,10 b.20,12 c.17,12 d.18,12
13. In an examination, 27% of the students failed in mathematics and 31% failed in statistics. If 6% of the students failed in both
subjects , then the percentage of students failed in examination is …… a.52% b.48% c.35% d.none
14. In an examination, 27% of the students failed in mathematics and 31% failed in statistics. If 6% of the students failed in both
subjects , then the percentage of students passed in both subjects is …. a.52% b.48% c.35% d.58%
15. (A∪B)C= ?........... a.AC∪BC b.A - B c.AC∩BC d.B - A
16. (A∩B)C= ?........... a.AC∩BC b.A - B c.B- A d.AC∪BC
17. A- (B∩C) =?........ a.(A-B)∪(A-C) b.(A-B)∩(A-C) c.A∪(B-C) d.none
18. A∪(B∩C) =?........ a.A∪B∪C b.(A∪B)∩(A∪C) c.A∩B∩C d.(A∩B)∪(A∩B)
19. If A⊆B = ?............... a.AC⊆BC b.B⊂A c.BC⊆AC d.none
20. If A∩B =ϕ ,then a.A⊆BC b.B∩AC=B c.A∪BC= A d.all a,b,c
21. If A={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8},B={4,5,6,7,8,9} then, A∆B=? a . {1,2,3,9} b.{4,5,6,7,8} c.A∪B d.{1,2,3}
22. If a>b and c<0 then ; then a.ac>bc b.ac<bc c.ac=bc d.a=c,b=c
a b
23. If a>b and c < 0 , then a.ac>bc b.ac=bc c. > d.none
c c
24. The inequality -4≤x≤-1 is equivalent to a.|2x + 3| ≤ 5 b.|2x + 5| ≤ 8 c.|2x + 5| ≤ 5 d.|2x + 5| ≤ 3
25. If |2x + 5| = 0 ,then x=? a. -5/2 b.5/2 c.0 d. both a & b
26. If |2x + 5| = 1 , then x = ? a. -2 b.-2 & -3 c. -3 d. 2 & 3
27. If |2x + 5| = −1 ,then x=? a.-3 & -2 b. 2 &3 c.not exist d. 0
28. If A ={1,2,3,4}, then the number of non-empty & proper subset of A is… a.12 b.15 c.16 d.14
29. The number of arrangement of the elements of a set A containing 106 element is ……a.106! b.2106 c.(106)2 d. none
30. If A= {x: x2+16=0,x∈ℝ},then the set A be ….. a.{-4,4} b.∅ c.{- 16} d.[-4,4]
31. If Na= { ax : x∈ N} ,then N12∩N8 =? a. N20 b.N4 c.N24 d.N96
32. If A={set of all points in x – axis } ,B ={set of all points in y-axis},then n(A∩B)=? a. 0 b.2 c.3 d.1
33. Two finite sets have m & n elements . The total number of subsets of first set is 48 more than that of second sets. The values of m
& n are respectively a. 6,4 b.7,3 c.6,3 d.7,2
34. If A=[-3,2) & B=[-2,3] , then the value of A∩B is….. a. [-3,3] b.[-2,2] c.[-3,-2] d.[-2,3]
35. If n(U)=360 , n(A)=240 ,n(B)=160 , then minimum of n(A∩B)is … a. 0 b.240 c.40 d.160
36. Which one is incorrect for three non-empty sets A,B,C…? a. A-B=A∩BC b.A-B⊆BC c.A∩B=∅⇒B⊆AC d.A-B⊆AC
37. Which one is not true for any three non-empty sets……? a. (A-B)∩BC=∅ b.B-A=AC- BC c.B-A=B∩AC d.A-(A-B)=A∩B
38. -6≤x≤1 is equal to…………. a. |2x + 7| ≤ 5 b.|2x + 5| ≤ 7 c.|2x − 5| ≤ 7 d.|2x + 5| ≤ 5
a+b
39. If a2+b2 =7ab ,then log =? a. 12(loga − logb) b. 13(loga + logb) c. 12(loga + logb) d. 13(loga − logb)
3

40. log a √a3 √a2 = ? a.5 b.0 c.1 d.2

1 1 1
41. If x=log a bc , y=log b ca , z=log c ab ,then + + =? a.1 b.2 c.3 d.0
x+1 y+1 z+1
42. If x =log 2a a , y=log 3a 2a , z=log 4a 3a ; then xyz+1 =? a.yz b.2yz c.3yz d. –yz
 logx logy logz
43. If = = , then xxyyzz = ? a.0 b.2 c.1 d.3
y−z z−x x−y
1
44. If x is positive real number ,then min. value of √x + =? a. 3 b.0 c.1 d.2
√x
45. If P = {(x,y): y = [14]x , x∈ℝ} and Q = {(x, y) : y = x , x∈ℝ} a.P∩Q≠∅ b.P=Q c.P∩Q=∅ d. none
[graphs of y= 𝟒−𝐱 & y= x intersect at a point at (1/2 ,1/2) , so P∩Q is not empty]
2 4
46. If log 4 [log 3 {log 2 x}] = 1 ,then x =? a. 43 b.23 c.2×3×4 d.42
47. If α log 3 x = β log 9 x , then a.β=α 2 b. α =2β c.β=2α d. α=β2
48. If a,b,c are three consecutive positive integers, then log(1+ac)=? a. logb b.log (abc) c.log(a+1) d. logb2
49. If log10 log10 log10 x = 0 ,then x =? a.1010 b.1 c.0 d.102
log x+log x+log x+⋯ +log x
50. The value of e e √e 3
√e
10
√e =? a.x10 b. x 55 c.e d.10e
51. The number of solutions of log 2 (x − 1) = 2log 2 (x − 3) is a. 2 b. 5 c.1 d.none
52. The value of log 2 [log 2 {log 3 (log 3 273 )}] =? a.1 b.2 c.3 d. 0
53. If A ={(x,y) : x2+y2≤ 1, where x,y∈ℝ} & B = {(x,y) : x2+y2 ≤4, where x,y∈ℝ} ,then
a.A⊂B b. A -B =∅ c. B- A=∅ d.A∩B=∅ [Draw two circles of radii 1& 2]
54. For any three sets A,B,C (A∪B∪C)∩(A∩BC∩CC)∩ CC =? a. b.B∩CC c. d.
2 2
55. A ={(x,y): x2+y2=16; x,y∈ℝ} & B ={(x,y): x25 + y16 = 1; x,y∈ℝ} ,then A & B intersect at
a.1 point b. 4 points c.2 points d. 0 point
56. If X ={ 4n- 3n -1: n∈ℕ} , Y ={9(n-1): n∈ℕ}, X∩Y is equal to a.∅ b. X c.ℕ d.Y
57. If x = 27 and y = log34 ,then xy equals to a.64 b.16 c. 12 d.27/12
58. If log3y= x & log2z = x ,then 72x =? a.yz2 b. y2z3 c. y3z2 d.y3z3

59. log a √a√a√a2 = ? a. a2 b. a c. 1 d. 0

60. log(1+2+3)=? a.log1+log2+log3 b.log(1.2.3) c.log3+log2 d. all a,b,c
1
61. xlogy-logz.ylogz-logx.zlogx-logy = ? a.1 b. xyz c. 0 d.
xyz
62. If A ={(x,y): x2+y2=25}
& B = {(x,y) : x2+9y2=144}
,then AB contains a.2 points b. 4 points c.3 points d.no points
63. If n(U)=700 , n(A)=200 , n(B)= 300 and n(A∩B)=100 ,then n(AC ∩ BC)=? a. b. c. 300 d.
64. If A ={ 1,3,5,7,…………15,17} ,B ={ 2,4,6,8,………….14,16,18} & N be the universal set of A & B i.e. N=A∪B , then
AC∪[(A∪B)∩BC]=?
a.A b.A∩BC c.A∩B d. N
66. In a school 20 teacher teach either math or physics. 12 of them teach math only while 4 teach both subjects. the number of
teacher teaching physics only is a. 8 b.12 c.16 d.none of these

SOME PROPERTIES OF LOGARITHM

1. logax+logay=logaxy , logax-logay= loga xy , logax p =plogax e.g. loga(xy2/z3)=logax+logay2- logaz3=logax+2logay-3logaz
2. logaa=1, logee=1, loga1=0, loge1=0 note:log39=log332=2log33=2.1=2 i.e. logaa2=2 , log √e e = 2
3. logaax = x, x alogax =
4. logax=logab logbx, generally logab logbc logcd=logad
1 p
5. logab= 6.log an x p = log a x NOTE: y = loga x ⇔ ay = x
logb a n
SET THEORY & REAL NUMBER
1. Power Set: the collection or set of all possible subsets of a set A is called power set of A , denoted by 2 A
2. If a set A has n distinct elements ,then number of subsets of A = 2 n, no. of nonempty & proper subset of A =2n − 2
3. Least number of subset of a non empty set = 2
4. Union of two sets: A∪B={x: x∈A or x∈B}, Intersection of two sets:A∩B={x:x∈A and x∈B}, Complement: AC={x: x∉A}
5. Difference: A -B={x : x∈A , x∉B}, B - A={x:x∈B, x∉A}, Symmetric Difference:AΔB= (A -B)∪(B - A)=A∪B - A∩B
6. Distributive law: A∪(B∩C)=(A∪B)∩(A∪C), A∩(B∪C)=(A∩B)∪(A∩C)
7. De Morgan's Law: (A∪B)C=AC ∩BC (A∩B)C=AC ∪BC
8. Difference Law: A - (B∪C)=(A - B)∩ (A - C), A - (B∩C)=(A - B)∪ (A - C)
9. Cardinal Number: n(A∪B)=n(A)+n(B) - n(A∩B), n(A∪B∪C)= n(A)+n(B)+n(C)- n(A∩B)- n(B∩C)- n(A∩C)+n(A∩B∩C)
10. Max. of n(A∪B)=n(A)+n(B), but it can't be greater, then n(U); Min. of n(A∪B)=n(larger set)
11. Interval: closed interval:[a,b]={x:a≤x≤b}; Open interval:(a,b)={x:a<x<b} Half closed:[a,b)&(a,b]
x if x ≥ 0
12. Absolute Value of a Real number : |x| = { Formula: |x| ≤ a ⇔ −a ≤ x ≤ a, for a > 0
−x if x < 0
13. x∉ A∪B ⇒x∉A & x∉B, x∉A∩B⇒x∉A or x∉B, x∉AC⇒x∈A, A⊆B⇒ A∪B=B(larger set) & A∩B=A(smaller set)
14. (A-B)=A-(A∩B)⊆A, A-B⊆A∪B, A-B⊆BC, A∩(A∪B)=A, n(AC)=n(U)- n(A)

the answers are as 1,2,3,4,5……………….a,b,c,d,a,………….