Source Bibliography

Code

A Coll, Steve. ​The Bin Ladens​. Penguin Publishing, 2008.

B “Osama bin Laden Fast Facts.” ​CNN, 20 May 2015,

http://www.cnn.com/2013/08/30/world/osama-bin-laden-fast-facts/. Accessed 8
March, 2017.

C Dahl, Erik J. "Finding Bin Laden: Lessons for a New American Way of Intelligence." ​Political
Science Quarterly​, vol. 129, no. 2, June 2014, p. 179. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1002/polq.12183.
Source: A Page #: 213 Topic: Notecard #: 1

The multiple economic upheavals of 1973 and 1974--the Arab-Israeli war, the
international oil embargo, inflation, and stagnating economic growth all had an impact
on the Bin Laden family fortune.
Source: B Page #: none Topic: Bin Laden Life Notecard #: 2

Personal:

Birth date: 1957 (sources vary: either March 10 or July 30)

Death date: May 2, 2011

Birth place: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Birth name: Osama bin Muhammad bin Awad bin Laden

Father: Muhammad Awad bin Laden, a Yemeni immigrant who built a billion dollar construction

company in Saudi Arabi

Mother: Hamida al-Attas

Marriages and Children:

Married to Najwa (1974-separated days before 9/11), and had children Abdullah (1976), Abdul Rahman

(1978), Sa'ad(1979), Omar (1981), Osman (1983), Muhammad (1985), Fatima (1987), Iman (1990),

Ladin "Bakir" (1993), Rukhaiya (1997), and Nour (1999 or 2000)

Married to Khadijah (1983-1995, divorced), and had children Ali (1984 or 1986), Amer (1990) and Aisha

(1992)

Married to Khairiah (1985-2011, his death), and had child Hamza (1989 or 1991)

Married to Siham (1987-2011, his death), and had children Kadhija (1988), Khalid (1989), Miriam (1990)

and Sumaiya (1992)

Married to unknown woman (1996-annulled within days)

Married to Amal (2000-2011, his death), and had Safiyah (2001), Aasia (2003), Ibrahim (2004), Zainab

(2006) and Hussain (2008)

Education: King Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah, engineering (1979)

Religion: Sunni Muslim

Other Facts:

Bin Laden was the 17th of 52 children of construction magnate Muhammad Awad bin Laden, an

immigrant from neighboring Yemen, who ran the construction company the Saudi bin Laden Group.

Muhammad Awad bin Laden became a billionaire by building his company into the largest construction

firm in the Saudi kingdom.

Source: B Page #: None Topic: Bin Laden Life Notecard #:3

1979 - Travels to Afghanistan to join the jihad (holy war) against the Soviet Union. He remains there for

a decade, using construction equipment from his family's business to help the Muslim guerrilla forces

build shelters, tunnels and roads through the rugged Afghan mountains, and at times taking part in

battle.

1988 - Bin Laden founds Al-Qaeda (or "the base").

1989 - The Soviet Union withdraws from Afghanistan. Bin Laden returns to Saudi Arabia to work for the

family construction firm, the Bin Laden Group.

August 7, 1990 - Following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, U.S. troops arrive in Saudi Arabia. Bin Laden is

outraged at their presence, and soon begins to target the United States for its presence on Saudi soil

near the Muslim holy sites of Mecca and Medina.

1991 - Bin Laden is expelled by the Saudi regime. Eventually he and his followers relocate to Sudan,

taking assets that had grown to an estimated $250 million, according to some officials (others estimate

a much lower value). There, al Qaeda begins to evolve into a terror network.

December 1992 - U.S. forces land in Somalia, spearheading a U.N.-authorized humanitarian plan to

bring in famine relief supplies. Part of their challenge is disarming the various warlords who control the

country. Prosecutors charge that bin Laden threw himself into the midst of this conflict, sending some of

his followers to Somalia to train the warlords to fight the U.S. troops.

February 26, 1993 - A bomb explodes at the World Trade Center in New York, killing six and wounding

hundreds. Six Muslim radicals, who U.S. officials suspect have links to bin Laden, are eventually

convicted for the bombing. Bin Laden is later named along with many others as an unindicted

co-conspirator in that case.

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https://www.usnwc.edu/getattachment/4f6818d4-232f-4ce5-a2c0-fb9fe9dd2493/World-According-to-Usama-
Bin-Laden,-The---Hashim

Since 11 September 2001, a day etched in the memories of all Americans,

Usama Bin Laden has replaced Saddam Hussein as Public Enemy Number
One. This is hardly surprising, given the growing consensus that the Saudi fugitive
and his shadowy Al-Qaeda network were responsible for the deadliest terrorist attack
on American soil, the single deadliest act of terrorism anywhere to date.
For over a decade Iraq’s Saddam Hussein had been perceived as a “new Hit
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