De La Salle University – Dasmariñas

College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology

Electronics Engineering Program

BIT RATE
Homework #1
 BIT RATE

1. Standard Definition (SD)

Standard-Definition video is usually defined as having 480 or 576 interlaced active

scan lines, and is commonly called “480i” and “576i,” respectively. For a fixed-pixel (non-
CRT) consumer display with a 4:3 aspect ratio, this translates into an active resolution of 720
× 480i or 720 × 576i. For a 16:9 aspect ratio, this translates into an active resolution of 960 ×
480i or 960 × 576i. TV resolutions of 480i or 480p are considered standard definition. In these
resolutions, the pixels are arranged 640 x 480. With this minimal number of pixels, images
are less defined and appear “pixelated”.

• Standard-definition DVD is usually 6 Mbps

• 3.5 Mbps typ – Standard-definition television quality (with bit-rate reduction from
MPEG-2 compression)

• SD 480p WiFi @ H.264 main profile 1200 kbps (10 MB/minute)

2. Ultra High Definition (UHD)

Ultra high definition also known as UHD/4K, this standard includes 4K UHD. 4K UHD
reaches approximate 8.29 megapixels resolution (3840x2160). To provide smooth and low
bit-rate video streaming, Ultra high definition devices adopt the latest H.265/HEVC
compression format. Compared with H.264, the latest H.265 can improve compression
efficiency, using its own technology to reduce lagging and block effects in motion scenes,
maintain high image quality while reducing bit-rate 50%.

• 3840 x 2160 with Standard Frame Rate (24, 25, 30) has Video Bitrate of 35-45 Mbps
• 4K Digital Cinema (2160) with 4096 x 2160 Resolution has a Basic Bitrate (30fps) of
265.42 Mbps
3. Full High Definition (FHD)
Full High Definition, or Full HD or FHD for short, is a display resolution of 1920 x 1080
pixels. The full HD standard was introduced after the use of digital television for home and
offices became common. In the widescreen aspect ratio, full HD is 16:9, which translates into
1920 by 1080. Modern-day camcorders, smartphone cameras and many other devices can
capture 1080p video and encode it in progressive segment frame format. FHD displays are
also referred to as 1080 progressive or 1080p.

• Full HD: 1920 x 1080 / 5.2 Mbps

• 1080p – 8Mbps

4. 8K
8K resolution refers to any screen or display with around 8000 pixels width. 8K UHD, also
known as Full UHD, FUHD, or Full Ultra HD is the current highest ultra high definition
television (UHDTV) resolution in digital television and digital cinematography. 8K in 8K
UHD refers to the horizontal resolution of 7,680 pixels, forming the total image dimensions
of (7680×4320), also known as 4320p, which refers to the vertical resolution.
• Ultra High Definition TV (UHDTV) (4320) with 7680 x 4320 Resolution has a Basic
Bitrate (30fps) of 995.33 Mbps
• 8K Cinematic Ultra High Definition (UHD) Video has a target bitrate of 149 Mbps – 280
Mbps and maximum bitrate of 192 Mbps – 360 Mbps

5. 2K
2K resolution is a generic term for display devices or content having horizontal resolution
of approximately 2,000 pixels. Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI) defines 2K resolution
standard as 2048×1080.

• 1440p (2k) with Standard Frame Rate has video bitrate of 16 Mbps and High Frame Rate
has 24Mbps
• Interlaced: 24 fps x 6.64 MB x 50% (interlacing) = 637 Mbps = 79.6 MB/s
Progressive: 24 fps x 6.64 MB = 1.27 Gbps = 159 MB/s
References:

• (2016). What is the Optimal Bitrate for Your Resolution?.Retrieved from

https://teradek.com/blogs/articles/what-is-the-optimal-bitrate-for-your-resolution

• (n.d.).8k Resolution.Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8K_resolution

• (n.d.).Full HD.Retrieved from https://www.techopedia.com/definition/10619/full-hd-

fhd

• (n.d.). WHAT'S SD, HD, FULL HD, ULTRA HD?.Retrieved from

https://www.burglaryalarmsystem.com/technology-news/what-s-sd-hd-full-hd-ultra-
hd.html

• (n.d.).2K Resolution.Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2K_resolution

• (2009).Video Bitrates.Retrieved from

https://www.alternatewars.com/BBOW/Computing/Video_Bitrates.htm

• (n.d.). Video Resolutions: SD, ED, HD.Retrieved from

https://questtel.com/wiki/video-resolutions-sd-ed-hd