Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Maria
A project
Presented to
The Faculty of STI College Sta. Maria
In partial fulfillment
Of the Requirements on the subject of
Practical Research 1
By:
Salud, Frederick
Yu, Jan Adrian
Delos Santos, Ella Marie
March 2018
1
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
2
1.1 Introduction
Time is like a sword. If you did not cut it, it will cut you. Basically, human beings are the
most difficult to manage. However, some students are late to class on a regular basis, and
students are probably displaying a sort of defiance or impedance. Thus, students are proper to
rationalize excuse, such as, traffic jam, parents care or job responsibilities that prevent them
Researchers from Hammill Institute on Disabilities found that students who are
frequently late to school often miss out on important opening announcements and academic
activities. Activities that are designed to build connections with their peers, potentially impacting
their social interactions and creating a greater sense of alienation from their classmates. In line
with this, tardy behavior negatively affects the overall classroom environment. Teachers can
become frustrated as late students disrupt instruction, often requiring re-teaching of what they
have missed.
In fact, According to Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011) The tardiness of a student disturbs
other students and the teacher, distracting the flow and system of the whole class. The tardy
student creates a diversion of attention as he/she walks in late in class and disturbs other students
and the teacher with his/her inquiries about the missed lesson.
The most critical learning hours of a school day are the morning periods (Zeiger, 2010),
specifically 8:05 to 9:30 (Cowan Crier, 2007). These are the times when students are most alert
and attentive, that’s why some schools teach more important lessons and subjects at this time.
Tardy students miss a part of these lessons or could even miss the whole subject period. It could
be worse if the class starts out with a quiz; the student may have lost a considerable part of
3
his/her grade. What more if there is a major exam scheduled that time? The student may have
lost a significant amount of time for the exam. The student will be a little fortunate if no
The school as an institution is also vastly affected. As Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011)
put it: “lateness inhibits the process of achieving the goals of the school”. The school cannot
serve its function as well as it should be expected if tardiness among students is prevalent. A
school must provide students with quality education and ensure that students have full access to
it. But, students can’t fully experience this education when they are tardy and absent. ETC (as
cited by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor, 2011) stated that “regular and punctual attendance is of
paramount importance in ensuring that all students have full access to the curriculum… valuable
Whatever grade a student is from, he/she cannot avoid being late. Whether it’s by traffic,
difficulty in managing one’s schedule, or even lacking the eagerness to go to school. One should
understand that one cannot avoid the consequences of being tardy. Be it in their education or
their productivity. However, some learn by those consequences, others simply don’t care. They
allow their tardiness to become habitual. Some allow themselves to become influenced badly by
Tardiness is not much of an issue for students nowadays, to them it seems to be a normal
thing. Due to the fact that some schools seldom get in touch with their students’ punctuality. Not
4
as often as they do in the absenteeism of students. Because they believe that it is the students’
Tardy students present lack of responsibility. Most often when it’s not corrected, the
behavior can accumulate from tolerable to a habitual state. This can become embedded in their
As the school inculcates discipline to have well rounded graduates and individuals, the
researcher had in mind to highlight the virtue of punctuality and why every student should
Being on time is not only a duty for students, but also a part of good manners, respect and
reputation. Thus every student should know how to value their time and ensure that they take
This study aims to know the internal and external causes of tardiness to the senior high
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
5
1.3 Year level
2. What are the internal and external causes of Senior High Students tardiness?
The outcome of the study will provide the basis for enhancing the general adoption of a
To the Parents: The results of this study will help parents to know the right way to
discipline their child and to guide them to overcome their child’s tardiness.
To the Teachers: The results of this study will help them to understand and to analyse
their students who are experiencing being tardy inside their classrooms.
To the Students: The results will help them to figure out the causes of being tardy in
their classrooms. It may help students to encourage them that being on time is better than late.
6
To the School: The result of this study will help the school to think of ways that can help
students to avoid tardiness and conduct effective policies or program to fight tardiness inside the
campus.
The main goal and objective of this study Is to know the causes of laziness and help
students to solve the problems. This study also views on the profile of those students who are
experiencing the troubles in laziness. It includes the reasons behind of this study.
The survey will be delimitated from the 30 students of Bataan National High School Senior
High. From Grade 11 STEM Students. The questionnaire is consist of questions that will help us
7
1.4 Objective
To be able to provide sufficient knowledge in terms of the causes and effects of being
tardy and to be able to apply what has been studied to help contribute to the current state of the
8
1.4.2 Specific Objective
To be able to provide knowledge not only to the targeted students but also to every
student in campus.
Being able to make students knowledgeable towards the effects and consequences of
By performing this study, we are able to determine and identify the factors, such as
Having the proper knowledge about the consequences of being tardy, a student can
avoid the foreseen effects thus lessening the tardiness rates inside the campus.
Informing the school about the current rate of tardiness, thereby allowing possible
To be able to help students change their habits that might be a factor for their
tardiness.
Apprise students on how such habits can affect them in the long run, especially in
their education.
9
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study aims to determine the reasons why students come to school late. It also aims to
determine the corresponding effects of the students’ tardiness. This behavior ultimately
contributes negatively towards a student’s performance in school. In order to change this and
The information gathered will be used to confirm or negate the causes that were stated.
The result of the study can be used to contribute insight in planning and drafting of solutions to
the problem.
10
1.5.1 Beneficiaries
This study will benefit students in terms of being given the proper knowledge of the
effects of habitual tardiness and how it can affect them in long term periods. Furthermore
it can make the tardy students recalibrate their actions as to avoid being late again.
By performing this study, the teachers can be then informed of what causes their
students’ tardiness. Possibly making the teachers more considerate or more strict in terms
of tardiness.
1.6.1 Scope
The study will be conducted in STI College Sta. Maria. The respondents are 25 randomly
selected Senior High School students from the said institution. After which, the chosen students
will be given questionnaires regarding one’s possible tardiness and its causes. In addition to the
data collection, interviews will be conducted to the 25 selected Senior High School students.
11
1.6.2 Limitation
The respondents’ grades will not be included in the formulation of the conclusion.
Throughout the study, all names of the respondents will remain confidential.
12
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related
Literature and Studies
13
2.1 Related Literature
Literally, the term “lateness” implies a situation where an individual arrives after the
proper, scheduled or usual time (Oxford Advanced Learners’ Dictionary, 5th ed., 1995).
Furthermore, Lauby (2009) puts it as a term used to describe “people not showing up on time”.
Breeze et al. (2010) contributed by saying that, lateness is synonymous with “tardiness”, which
implies being slow to act or slow to respond, thus not meeting up with proper or usual timing. It
is obvious therefore that, lateness could be seen as a system of network breakdown. Weade
(2004) added that tardiness is “being late for any measurable length of time past the stated or
Sprick and Daniels (2007) implied that one of the most recurring and frustrating
problems a school has is having tardiness. Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011), on the other hand,
gave factors on why students arrive late to class. Some of these are: waking up late in the
morning, heavy traffic, household chores, vehicle breakdowns and lack of responsibility.
Most teachers do not like students who are tardy. Simply because they would most likely
disrupt their class causing the teacher to reiterate his/her lecture for the sake of the tardy student,
thus wasting time for the oncoming lectures. This is simplified when Shakira (2015) said “In a
time-lax culture such as in the Philippines, this leaves the punctual person annoyed by the
tardiness of others.”
14
Alfie (2012) stated that tardiness is not always caused by one’s laziness, it is often caused
by the obstacles of the heavy traffic and difficulty in transportation. In line with his statement, he
said “To be punctual is to be really strong-willed and extremely disciplined. And this is really a
challenge, yet it is something doable and achievable only if one will put his mind onto it.”
This was supported by Bilocura (2012) when he said that it is not solely the students’
fault why they keep on being late in coming to class. Another factor that could affect the
The idea was further expounded by Bilocura (2012) when he added that another reason
why students come late is when the teacher gives the student the impression that they won’t be
missing anything if they are late” since in some classes, no important activities or instructions
15
2.2 Related Studies
Some teachers do not like to repeat a lecture for a tardy student. He/she believes that it is
the student’s job to catch up to the missed lecture. Gottfried (2011) stated that in evaluating the
deleterious effects of missing in-school time, research has almost exclusively focused on
absences, and almost no attention has been paid to tardiness. Very little attention has been given
to tardiness since students still managed to get to school, compared to that of absent students.
Studies have shown excessive student tardiness has a negative impact upon a student's
future (Ried, 2000). Some of the implications are academic failure, high school drop-outs,
emotional dependency, drug dependency, fighting and bullying (Chang & Romero, 2008).
Moreover, as mentioned by Zeiger (2010), the results from the survey report conducted by
teachers show that students with high tardiness rates have “higher rates of suspension and other
disciplinary measures” (National Center for Education Statistics Indicators of School Crime and
Safety (2007)). It also causes the students to have behavioral problems and to drop out.
Other tardiness factors include bullying or having problems with his/her subjects. Student
tardiness is a key factor in determining if a child will become at risk (Greenfield, 2002). Without
intervention, tardy behaviors often result in serious emotional and social problems (Harrman,
2007).
16
2.1.2 Local Study
Studies have revealed that those students with “perfect or near-perfect attendance” have
good grades compared to those students who misses classes often and late-comers (Cowan
A study by Pimentel and Quijada (2011) focused on the frequency of use by the UP Cebu
freshmen students of Facebook and a part of the study tackled about the effect of the famous
Bilacura (2012) stated that a lot of studies as well gave testimonies to effective remedies
interdisciplinary programs into school curriculum to aid students enhance positive behavior and
17
CHAPTER 3
Research Design and
Methodology
18
Research Design and Methodology
3.1 Introduction
A Qualitative research was used in the study. 25 questionnaires were given and answered
by selected senior high school students from STI College Sta. Maria. In depth, individual
interviews were conducted with the same sample of selected students to discuss and share their
insights about the possible causes and effects of tardiness, the method was based on the
phenomenological methodology.
In order to know the cause and effects of tardiness on senior high school students of STI
College Sta. Maria, the researchers used qualitative approach in data collection. Qualitative
(DeFranzo, 2011).
This study also used descriptive method of research through the use of questionnaires in
gathering data. Furthermore, the semi-structured type of interview was also utilized for data
The sample was selected students from the Senior High School department of STI
College Sta. Maria. Tardiness can ultimately affect one’s performance in school. Because of this,
19
the researchers wanted to help the fellow students. By performing this research, we are able to
Out of more than 800 officially enrolled senior high school students, a total of 25
randomly selected students from the said institution were interviewed and only 15 interviews
20
Summary,
Interpretation, and
Conclusion
21
Summary, Interpretation, and Conclusion
The questions that were asked are about finding whether tardiness directly affects a
student’s academic performance, its causes, and possible consequences with regards to their
unpunctuality.
performance in school. Most of the respondents’ stated that tardiness does actually affect an
individual’s performance in school. In such ways that, as stated by the respondents, one can
squander valuable time that should have been used for productive activities. Furthermore, most
respondents implied that a tardy student tends to miss out on important academic appointments,
such as lectures and quizzes. Next, the researchers wanted to find out the frequency of tardiness
of the respondents. The frequency ranges from 2 to 3 times a week, of which their most common
reason is heavy traffic. After that, the researchers went to know the respondents’ knowledge
about the school rules regarding tardiness and their corresponding punishments. Majority of the
respondents stated that they are aware and gave an example, on which three (3) tardiness is
equivalent to one (1) absent, is the most common. Next to this, the researchers wanted to know
whether their tardiness had ever gotten them into trouble. Most of which had said yes and that
their punishment is not being able to get into the classroom or not being able to take the a test
that they should have been answering. Finally, in relation to the third question, due to their
awareness regarding the possible punishments, most of the respondents stated, on our final
question, that they will try to change their actions as to avoid further unpunctuality.
22
Stated above are the most common responses given by the respondents. By their answers,
the researchers are able to formulate a plausible conclusion that had met this research’s
objectives. Specifically to be able to identify the most common factor that causes a student’s
tardiness. Therefore the researchers conclude that tardiness can affect one’s performance in
school.
23