INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CHARACTERISTICS OF CONDENSER USING

RC CIRCUIT

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,
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Next to Pari Robotics, Narhe, Pune - 41
Email: xtreme.pune@gmail.com
Web Site: www.xtremesolutions.org.in
 Characteristics Of Condenser Using RC Circuit

TITLE: Determine characteristics of condenser using RC circuit.

PRIOR CONCEPTS: Electric Charge, Electric potential ,Capacitor, Resistor

NEW CONCEPTS:
Proposition 1: Capacitor or Condenser
Capacitor is used to store the large amount of charge at very low
potential. It is defined as the charge required increasing its potential by unity. It is
measured in farad.

(Students Should refer the rear pages of the manual for the colored photographs)

Proposition 2: Charging of Condenser

Charging of capacitor means transfer of charge from one plate to other.
During the charging of condenser the voltage across the condenser increases.

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Proposition 3: Discharging of condenser:
During the discharging of condenser the voltage across the capacitor
decreases.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Intellectual Skills:
1. Identify the status of a capacitor as charged or uncharged.
2. Understand the charging and discharging process.
Motor Skills:
1. Make electrical connections and observe measuring electrical components of
circuit.
2. Plot the graph time against voltage across the capacitor.
APPARATUS:
Circuit board, switch, resistor (10 k Ω or 15 k Ω), voltmeter (0-20 v),
capacitor, stop watch

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

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Stepwise Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in the diagram.
2. Consider any one pair of resistor and capacitor say R1C1/R1C2/R2C1/R2C2
3. Make sure that the voltage across the capacitor is zero.
4. Keep the switch on ‘ON mode’ (Charging).
5. Select 20 V range on a multimeter.
6. Start the stop watch, note the charging voltage across the capacitor at different-
intervals of time i.e. 5, 10, 15, 20—- sec.
7. Note the maximum voltage across capacitor.
8. Now keep the switch on ‘OFF mode’ (Discharging)
9. Start the stop watch, note the discharging voltage across the capacitor at
different interval of time i.e. 5, 10, 15,20--- sec.
10. Determine time constant from component value using formula.

OBSERVATION TABLE:

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Formula:

CALCULATION: Time Constant

RESULT:

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Activity : Find time constant from graph.

1. Plot the graph of charging voltage ‘Vq’ (Y-axis) against time ‘t’(X-axis)
2. Plot the graph of discharging voltage ‘Vq ’(V-axis) against time ‘t’(X-axis)
3. Mark point B’ = 3k of potential at point ‘C’ (mark down from point ‘C’)
4. Mark point ‘A’= 37% of potential at point ‘C (up from Point ‘0)’
5. Draw perpendiculars from points ‘A’ and ‘B’ cutting the graph.
6. Draw perpendicular on X-axis and determine time constant by graph.
7. Point ‘Q’ on X-axis is the time constant ‘V by graph
8. Compare time constant by component value and time constant by graph,
9. Compare charging and discharging time constants.

Graph: Charging / discharging voltage ‘Vq’ (Y-axis) against time ‘t’(X-axis):

Result: Time constant of RC circit (By Graph) =…………………

Conclusion: Charging and discharging time constant of condenser by component

value is ………….(equal to/not equal to) the time constant of condenser by graph.

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Applications:

1. RC circuits can be used to filter a signal by blocking certain frequencies and

passing others. The two most common RC filters are the high-pass filters
and low- pass filters.

3. RC circuits are mostly used in oscillators and tank circuits.

4. RC circuits are mostly used in tunning circuits.

6. RC circuit is used as timer in various electronic circuits such as counters

decoders etc.

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