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x x
Raw Data : Population mean , Sample mean, x
N n
x
2
2 x
2
xx N
Population variance,
2
N N
x
2
2 x
2
xx n
Sample variance, s
2
n 1 n 1
fx fx
Grouped Data: Population mean, Sample mean, x
f f
fx
2
2 fx
2
f xx N
Population variance,
2
N N
fx
2
fx
2
2
f xx n
Sample variance, s
2
n 1 n 1
Probability:
n
P( E )
N
P( A B) P( A) P( B) P( A B)
P( A B)
P( A / B) and P( A B) P( A / B).P( B)
P( B)
x. p( x) and 2 ( x ) 2 . p ( x) x 2 . p ( x) 2
np and 2 = npq
e .x
Poisson distribution : p( x) and 2
x!
C.I for population mean, x z if is known
2 n
s
x t if is unknown with d.f. = n-1
, n 1
2 n
^ ^
^ pq
C.I. fo population proportion, p p z
2 n
Sample size estimation of population mean and proportion:
z .
2 2
^ ^ z
n 2 and n p q 2
E E
Summary for Test Statistics for population mean, and population proportion, p
x x
z if is known t if is unknown
s
n n
^
p p
z
pq
n