It's a simple and generous rule of life that whatever you practice, you will improve at.
Orthographic Projection of Points 5. End A of a line AB is 15 mm above H.P. and 20 mm in front of V.P. The
1. Mark the projections of the following points on a common reference
line.
 Point P, 50 mm behind the VP and 15 mm above the HP.
 Point Q, 40 mm below the HP and in the VP.
 Point R, 40 mm in front of the VP and 30 mm above the HP.
 Point S, 30 mm in front of the VP and 50 mm below the HP.
 Point T, 35 mm behind the VP and 20 mm below the HP.
2. From the figure below, determine the position of the Points with
reference to the projection planes.
Orthographic Projection of Straight Lines
1. One end P of a line PQ 70 mm long is 35 mm in front of V.P. and 25 mm
above H.P. the line is inclined at 400 to the H.P. and 300 to the V.P. Draw
the projections of PQ and find its vertical & Horizontal trace
2. A straight line 70 mm long has one end 15 mm in front of V.P. and 50
mm above H.P. while the other end is 35 mm in front of V.P. and 20 mm
above HP. Draw the plan and elevation of the line. Determine its traces
(V.T, H.T
3. A line AB 70 mm long has its end B 25 mm above H.P. and 30 mm in
front of V.P. The end A is 55 mm above H.P and 55 mm in front of V.P.
Draw its projections and finds its inclinations with V.P. and H.P.
4. A line AB 60 mm long has its end A 30 mm above H.P. and 25 mm in
front of V.P. The top view and front view has a length of 40 mm and 55
mm respectively. Draw its projections.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Technology
other end is 50 mm above H.P. and 65 mm in front of V.P. The distance
between the end projectors is 50 mm. Draw the projection and find the
true inclination and true length by rotating plane method.
6. The distance between the end projectors passing through the end point
is 50 mm. The end A is 20 mm above H.P. and 15 mm in front of V.P. The
end B is 45 mm in front of V.P. The line AB is 65 mm long in the front
view. Draw the projections. Find the true inclinations and locate the
traces
7. Front view of a line AB is 500 inclined to XY line and measures 55 mm
long while its top view is 600 inclined to XY line. If end A is 10 mm above
HP and 15 mm in front of VP, draw its projections, find its true length
and inclinations of the line with HP and VP.
8. The mid-point M of a line AB is 60 mm above HP and 50 mm in front of
VP. The line measures 80 mm long and inclined at an angle of 300 to HP
and 450 to VP. Draw its projections.
9. A magician performs the trick of a floating stick. As seen by a person
sitting right in front, as per the orthographic projection rules, the stick
has its ends 0.2 and 0.6 m above the floor and appears to be inclined at
300 to the floor. The same two ends are found to be 0.1 m and 0.7 m
respectively in front of the screen arranged behind the stick. Adopting a
suitable scale, draw the projections of the stick. Also, find the true
length of the stick and its true angles of inclinations with the floor and
the vertical screen.
10. A line PQ is inclined at 350 to VP has its ends 25mm and 55mm above the
HP. The length of the front view is 60 mm and its VT is 15mm above HP.
Determine the true length of PQ, its inclination with HP and its HT.
Assignment 1: Orthographic Projection of Straight Lines
L1. A line AB 75 mm long has one of its ends 60 mm in front of VP and 20
mm above HP, the other end is 20 mm in front of VP and is above HP.
The top view of the line is 55 mm long. Draw the front view.
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 Success has to do with deliberate practice. Practice must be focused, determined, and in an environment where there's feedback.
L2. A line measuring 80 mm long has one of its ends 60 mm above HP and
20 mm in front of VP. The other end is 15 mm above HP and in front of
VP. The front view of the line is 60 mm long. Draw the top view.
L3. A line AB has its end A 15 mm above HP and 20 mm in front of VP. The
end B is 60 mm above HP and the line is inclined at 300 to HP. The
distance between the end projectors of the line is 55 mm. Draw the
projections and find its inclinations with VP. Determine its V.T & H.T
L4. The top view of a 75mm long line AB measures 65mm, while the length
of its front view is 50mm. It’s one end A is in the HP and 122mm in front
of the V.P. Draw the projections of AB and determine its inclinations
with the H.P. and the V.P.
L5. The projections of a line measure 80 mm in the top view and 70 mm in
the front view. The mid-point of the line is 45 mm in front of VP and 35
mm above HP. One end is 10 mm in front of VP and nearer to it. Draw
the projections. Find true length and true inclinations with reference
planes.
Orthographic Projection of Planes / Sheet / Lamina / Plate
1. A square lamina of 50 mm side rests on one of the corners on the H.P.
The diagonal through that corner makes 300 to the V.P. The side
containing this corner makes equal inclinations with H.P. The surface of
the lamina makes 450 to the H.P. Draw it’s projections.
2. A hexagonal plate of size 25 mm rests on HP on one of the sides inclined
at 450 to VP. The surface of the plate makes an angle of 300 with HP.
Draw the front view and top view of the plate.
3. A thin rectangular plate of sides 60 mm x 30 mm has its shorter side in
VP and inclined at 300 to HP. Project its top view when its front view is a
square of 30 mm long sides.
4. A hexagonal lamina of 20 mm side rests on one of its corners on the HP.
The diagonal passing through this corner is inclined at 450 to the HP. The
lamina is then rotated through 900 such that the top view of this
diagonal is perpendicular to the VP and the surface is still inclined at 450
to the HP.
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5. A pentagon of side 30 mm rests on the ground on one of the corners
with sides containing the corner being equally inclined to the ground.
The side opposite to the corner on which it rests is inclined at 300 to VP
and is parallel to HP. The surface of the pentagon makes 500 with the
ground. Draw the projections of the pentagon.
6. A semicircular lamina of 60 mm diameter has its straight edge in VP and
inclined at an angle of 450 to HP. The surface of the lamina makes an
angle of 300 with VP. Draw the projections.
7. A circular lamina of 50 mm diameter rests above HP on a point P on its
circumference. If its plane is inclined at 450 to HP and the top view of the
diameter PQ makes an angle of 500 with VP, draw the projections of the
lamina.
8. A circular lamina of diameter 70 mm has the end A of the diameter AB
on HP and B on VP. Draw its projections when its surface is inclined at
500 to HP and 400 to VP.
Assignment 2: Orthographic Projection of Planes
P6. A square ABCD of 40 mm side has its plane inclined at 300 to the V.P. It’s
one side is inclined at 600 to the H.P. and parallel to the V.P. Draw its
projections.
P7. A rhombus of diagonals 25mm and 15mm with longer diagonal being
parallel to XY-line represents the top view of a square of diagonal 25mm,
with a corner on H.P. Draw its front view of the lamina when the edge
about which is tilted, is inclined at 450 to V.P
P8. thin 300 – 600 set-square has its longest edge in V.P. and inclined at 300
to H.P. Its surface makes 450 with V.P. Draw its projections.
P9. A hexagonal plate of 25 mm side is resting on H.P. such that one of its
corners touches both H.P. and V.P. It makes 300 with H.P. and 600 with
V.P. Draw the projections by change of position method.
P10. A circular lamina of 60 mm diameter rests on H.P. on a point 1 on the
circumference. The lamina is inclined to H.P. such that the top view of it
is an ellipse of minor axis 35 mm. The top view of the diameter through
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 It's a simple and generous rule of life that whatever you practice, you will improve at.
the point 1 makes an angle of 450 with V.P. (i) Draw the projections. (ii)
Determine the angle made by the lamina with H.P.
Orthographic Projection of Solids
1. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and axis height 55 mm resting on
HP with one of its base edges, such that, the axis is inclined at 300 to HP
and parallel to VP. Draw the projections of the prism.
2. A pentagonal prism of base side 25 mm and height 55 mm is resting on
HP with one of its base edges, such that the lateral surface containing
the edge is inclined at 500 to HP and perpendicular to VP. Draw the
projections.
3. A right pentagonal pyramid of side 20 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on
one of its edges of the base in the HP. The base being tilted up such that
the apex is 30 mm above HP. Draw the projection of the pyramid when
the edge on which it is resting is perpendicular to VP
4. A cylinder of diameter 35 mm and axis height 55 mm is resting on the
ground on its base. It is then tilted such that a solid diagonal is vertical.
Draw its projections.
5. A cone of diameter 35 mm and height 55 mm is lying on the ground with
a point of base on HP. The generator line passing through that point
makes an angle of 450 with HP and parallel to VP. Draw its projections.
6. Draw the projections of a pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and
axis height 60 mm with a triangular face perpendicular to HP and VP.
7. A hexagonal prism of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm rests on the
HP on one of the base corners with the base edges containing it being
equally inclined to HP. The axis is inclined at 45° to the HP and parallel to
VP. Draw the projections of the prism
8. A cone of diameter 35mm, height 55mm is lying on the ground with one
of its generators parallel to VP and on the HP. Draw its projection.
9. A pentagonal prism of base side 25 mm and axis length 55 mm is resting
on HP on one of its rectangular faces with the axis inclined at 450 to VP.
Draw its projections.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Technology
10. A cone of diameter 40mm and height 60mm is freely suspended from
one of its base points such that the axis is parallel to VP. Draw the
projection.
11. A tetrahedron of edges 35 mm rests on one of its edges on the HP. The
resting edge is perpendicular to VP and one of the triangular faces
containing the resting edge is inclined at 350 to HP. Draw the projections
of the tetrahedron.
12. A tetrahedron of side 45 mm is resting on an edge on the HP such that
the face containing that edge is seen as a triangle of base 45 mm and
altitude 25 mm in top view (TV). The axis of the tetrahedron is parallel to
the VP. Draw the projections of the tetrahedron.
Assignment 3: Orthographic Projection of Solids
S1. Draw the top front views of a right circular cylinder of base 45mm
diameter and 60mm long when it line on HP, such that its axis is inclined
at 30° to HP and the axis appears to parallel to the VP in the top view
S2. Draw the projections of a pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and
axis height 60 mm with a slant edge perpendicular to HP and VP.
S3. A cone of base diameter 35 mm and axis length 55 mm is resting on HP
on a point on circumference of the base. Draw the projections when the
base is perpendicular to both HP and VP.
S4. A pyramid has rectangular base of size 70 mm x 40 mm and height 85
mm. Its longer edge of base is perpendicular to HP. The axis of pyramid
is inclined at 250 to the solid assuming the apex nearer to the observer.
S5. Draw the projections of a cube of side 30mm when it rests on one of its
corners with diagonal of the solid vertical
S6. A tetrahedron of edges 30 mm rests on one of its edges on the VP. That
edge is normal to the HP. One of the faces containing the resting edge is
inclined at 30° to the VP. Draw the projections of the tetrahedron
S7. A Hexagonal prism, side of base 25 mm and axis 50mm long is freely
suspended from one of its base corners, such that the axis is parallel to
VP. Draw the front view and top view of the solid in the above position.
Section of Solids
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 Success has to do with deliberate practice. Practice must be focused, determined, and in an environment where there's feedback.
1. A cube of side 35 mm is placed on HP on a face, with two of the vertical
faces equally inclined to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 540 to the HP
and bisecting the axis. Draw the sectional top view and find the true
shape.
2. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on
its base on HP with one of the base edges perpendicular to the VP. It is
cut by a plane inclined at 450 to the base. The cutting plane meets the
axis at 20 mm above the base. Draw the front view, sectional top view
and true shape of the section.
3. A cylinder of base diameter 35 mm and height 55 mm rests on its base
on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 450 to HP.
The cutting plane meets the axis at a distance of 15 mm from the top
base. Draw the sectional plan and true shape of the section.
4. A cone of base diameter 35 mm and altitude 55 mm is resting on HP on
its base. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and parallel to a contour
generator and is 10 mm away from it. Draw the front view and sectional
top view and true shape of the section.
5. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and height 50 mm rests on the HP
on one of its ends with two rectangular faces parallel to the VP. It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to the HP and inclined at 500 to the VP. It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to HP and inclined at 500 to VP at a distance of
10 mm away from the axis. Draw the top view, sectional front view and
true shape of the section.
6. A right circular cone of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 50 mm
rests on its base on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to the HP and
inclined at 550 to the VP. The shortest distance between the cutting
plane and the top view of the axis is 10 mm. Draw the top view,
sectional front view and true shape of the section.
7. A pentagonal prism of base side 40 mm and axis length 80 mm is lying
on the HP on one of its rectangular faces with the axis parallel to both
HP and VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to HP and inclined at 300 to
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VP. The section plane meets the axis at 16 mm from one of its ends.
Draw the top view, sectional front view and true shape of the section.
8. A tetrahedron of side 60mm is resting on HP on one of its faces. It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to the VP, so that the true shape of the cut
section is a triangle of base 40mm and altitude 30mm. Locate the plane
and determine the angle of inclination of the VT with the reference line
XY. Draw the sectional top view and true shape of the section.
Truncated Solids [UNIT 3 - Projection of Solids]
1. A pentagonal prism of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting
on HP on one of its base edge. It is cut by a section plane inclined at 40°
to HP and perpendicular to VP and passing through a point 25mm from
the top face of the prism. Draw the projection of the truncated solid
when the lateral face of the prism is inclined to 30° to HP.
2. Draw the projections of a hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and
axis height 55 mm resting on HP with one of its base edges. It is cut by a
plane inclined at 45° to the base and bisects the axis. The axis of the
solid is inclined at 300 to HP and parallel to VP.
3. Draw the projection of a cylinder of base diameter 45mm and height
65mm lies on its base on HP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 30° to HP and
meeting the axis at a distance of 30mm from the base. The axis of the
cylinder is further inclined to 30° to HP.
Development of Surface
1. Draw the development of a cube of side 20 mm.
2. Draw the development of a pentagonal prism of side 25 mm and height
60mm.
3. Draw the development of a cylinder of base diameter 25 mm and height
30 mm.
4. Draw the development of a square pyramid of base side 30 mm and
height 45 mm.
5. Draw the development of a cone of base diameter 50 mm and height 60
mm.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Technology
 It's a simple and generous rule of life that whatever you practice, you will improve at.
6. Draw the development of a cube of side 40 mm resting on its face with
all the edges equally inclined to VP, which is cut by a plane inclined at
300 to HP and perpendicular to VP and passing through the cube at the
top left corner of the cube.
7. A square pyramid of base side 30 mm and height 50 mm rests on its
base on HP, with a base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP, 500 to HP meeting the axis 30 mm above HP. Draw
the development of the lateral surfaces.
8. A lamp shade is formed by cutting a cone of base diameter 144 mm and
height 174 mm by a horizontal plane at a distance of 72 mm from the
apex and another plane inclined at 30 to HP, passing through one of the
extremities of the base. Draw the development of the shade. Draw the
development of the shade. Adopt a suitable scale.
9. A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and height 60 mm is cut by a
plane perpendicular to VP and 500 to HP and passing through the axis 35
mm above the base. Draw the development of the lower portion of the
solid.
10. A cylinder of diameter 40 mm, height 75 mm is cut by plane
perpendicular to VP inclined at 550 to HP meeting the axis at the top
face. Draw the lateral development of the solid.
11. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and axis height 60 mm is lying
on the ground on its base such that one of the base edges is parallel to
and far away from VP. It is cut by cutting planes, one is perpendicular to
VP, inclined at an angle of 400 to HP and meeting the axis at 14 mm from
the base. The other plane is parallel to HP and perpendicular to VP
meeting the axis at a distance of 28 mm from the base. Draw the lateral
surface development of the cut solid.
12. A cone of 45 mm diameter and 60mm height is cut by a horizontal plane
at a distance of 15 mm from the apex and another plane inclined at 300
to HP and meet the axis at 15 mm above the base. Draw the
development of the cone.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Technology
Assignment 4: Sectioned Solids and Development of Surfaces
SD1. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 60 mm rests on
the HP on one of its base with an edge parallel to the VP at a distance of
8 mm form the axis. Draw the top view, sectional front view and true
shape of the section.
SD2. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and altitude 55 mm rests on its
base on HP with two edges of the base parallel to VP. A cutting plane
parallel to the HP cuts the prism at a height of 25 mm above the base.
Draw the front view and the sectional top view.
SD3. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on
HP. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to both HP and VP, 10 mm
to the right of the axis. Draw the top view, front view and sectional side
view.
SD4. A cube of side 30 mm rests on its base on the HP with a vertical face
inclined to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to the VP and inclined at
500 to HP. The plane bisects the axis of the cube. Draw the development
of the surfaces of the right portion of the cut cube.
SD5. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and height 50 mm rests on its
base on HP, with a base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to VP, 500 to HP meeting the axis 30 mm above HP. Draw
the development of the lateral surfaces.
Isometric Projection
1. Draw the isometric view of a frustum of a cone of base diameter 50mm,
top diameter 30mm which is resting on its base on HP with its axis
perpendicular to HP.
2. A hexagonal prism of base side 25mm and axis height 50mm rests on HP
on its base with a base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at
50° to HP and perpendicular to VP and is bisecting the axis. Draw the
isometric view of truncated prism.
3. A cylinder of 50 mm diameter and 75 mm height stands with its base on
H.P. It is cut by a section plane inclined at 45° to H.P and perpendicular
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 Success has to do with deliberate practice. Practice must be focused, determined, and in an environment where there's feedback.
to V.P, passing through a point on the axis 20 mm below the top end.
Draw the isometric projection of the truncated cylinder.
4. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 65 mm is
resting on HP on its base with a side of base perpendicular to VP. It is cut
by a plane inclined at 30° to HP and perpendicular to VP and passing
through a point ON the axis at a distance of 30 mm from the apex. Draw
the isometric view of the truncated cylinder.
5. A cone of base diameter 50mm and axis height 70 mm rests on HP on its
base. It is cut by a plane inclined at 30° to HP and perpendicular to VP
and bisects the axis. Draw the isometric view of the truncated cone.
6. A square pyramid of base of 25mm side and 50mm long axis rests
centrally over a trapezoidal block of top and bottom bases of 40mm and
60mm sides respectively with the thickness 30mm. Draw the isometric
projection of the arrangement.
Perspective Projection
1. A cube of 30 mm edge is resting on a face on the ground such that one
of its faces is parallel to PP and the center of the solid is 50 mm behind
the PP. The station point is 40 mm in front of the picture plane, 45 mm
above the ground plane and lies in a central plane which is 30 mm to the
left of the nearest vertical face of the cube.
2. Draw the perspective projection of a cube of 25 mm edge, lying on a
face on the ground plane, with an edge touching the picture plane and
all vertical faces equally inclined to the picture plane. The station point is
50 mm in front of the picture plane, 35 mm above the ground plane and
lies in a central plane which is 10 mm to the left of the center of the
cube.
3. A rectangular prism of base size 25x40x60 mm rests with it’s on the
ground such that the longer base edge recedes 30° to the right of PP
with one end of it behind PP. The station point is 45mm in front of PP,
35 mm above GP and lying on a central plane 35 mm from the nearest
vertical edge. Draw the perspective view.
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4. Draw the perspective projection of a pentagonal prism of base side 20
mm and height 40 mm when it rests on its base on the GP with one of its
rectangular faces parallel to and 20 mm behind the PP. The SP is 45 mm
in front of PP and 60mm above GP. The observer is 30 mm to the left of
the axis.
5. A regular hexagonal pyramid of base edge 20 mm and height 35 mm
rests on its base on the ground plane with one of its base edges touching
the picture plane. The station point is 30 mm above the ground plane
and 40 mm in front of the PP. The central plane is 30 mm to the right of
the axis. Draw the perspective projection of the pyramid.
6. A cylinder of diameter 50 mm and length 60 mm lies on ground with its
axis perpendicular to the PP and one of its circular base touching the PP.
The SP is 45 mm to the right of the axis of the cylinder, 40 mm in front of
the PP and 70mm above GP. Draw the perspective projection of the
cylinder.
Assignment 5: Isometric and Perspective Projections
IP1. A cylinder of 35 mm diameter and 55 mm height stands with its base on
H.P. It is cut by a section plane inclined at 55° to H.P and meeting the
axis at 15mm from the top end. Draw the isometric projection of the
truncated cylinder.
IP2. A cone of base diameter 25mm and height 40mm rests centrally over a
frustum of a hexagonal pyramid of base side 40mm, top base 30mm and
60mm height. Draw the isometric view of the solid
IP3. A cylinder of diameter 50 mm rests on ground vertically with its axis 5
mm behind PP. The observer point is 40mm infront of PP, 100 mm
above GP and is 10 mm to the right of the nearest base corner point. a
central plane passing through the apex. Draw the perspective projection.
IP4. A square prism of 55 mm edge of base and 70 mm height is placed on
the ground behind the PP with its axis vertical and one of the edges of
the base receding to the left at an angle of 40° to the PP. The nearest
vertical edge of the solid is 20 mm behind PP and 25 mm to the left of
the observer who is at a distance of 120 mm in front of PP. The height of
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 It's a simple and generous rule of life that whatever you practice, you will improve at.
the observer above the ground is 100 mm. Draw the perspective view of
the prism.
IP5. A pentagonal pyramid side of base 25 mm a and height 50 mm rests with
one of its corner of the base touching the e picture plane and the base
edges passing through this corner making equal inclinations with the
picture plane. The station point is on the central line, 100 mm in front of
the picture plane and 75 mm above the e ground. Draw the perspective
view of the pyramid.
Engineering Curves: Ellipse, Parabola & Hyperbola
1. Draw the locus of a point P moving so that the ratio of its distance from
a fixed point F to its distance from a fixed straight line DD’ is ¾. Also
draw tangent and normal to the curve from any point on it.
2. Construct an ellipse given the distance of the focus from the directrix as
60 mm and eccentricity as 2/3. Also draw tangent and normal to the
curve at a point on it 20 mm above the major axis.
3. Construct a parabola given the distance of the focus from the directrix as
50 mm. Also draw tangent and normal to the curve from any point on it.
4. The focus of a conic is 50 mm from the directrix. Draw the locus of a
point ‘P’ moving in such a way that its distance from the directrix is
equal to its distance from the focus. Name the curve. Draw a tangent to
the curve at a point 60 mm from the directrix.
5. Draw a hyperbola when the distance between the focus and directrix is
40 mm and the eccentricity is 4/3. Draw a tangent and normal at any
point on the hyperbola.
6. Draw a hyperbola when the distance between its focus and directrix is
50 mm and eccentricity is 3/2. Also draw the tangent and normal at a
point 25 mm from the directrix.
Construction of Cycloid
1. A circle of 50 mm diameter rolls along a straight line without slipping.
Draw the curve traced by a point P on the circumference for one
complete revolution. Draw a tangent and normal on it 40 mm from the
base line.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Technology
2. Construct a cycloid having a rolling circle diameter as 50 mm for one
revolution. Draw a normal and tangent to the curve at a point 35 mm
above the directing line.
3. Draw an epicycloids generated by a rolling circle of diameter 40 mm and
the diameter of the directing circle is 140 mm. Also draw tangent and
normal to the curve from any point on it.
4. Draw a hypocycloid generated by a rolling circle of diameter 50 mm and
the diameter of the directing circle is 240 mm. Also draw tangent and
normal to the curve from any point on it.
Construction of Involutes
1. Draw the involute of a square of side 30 mm. Also draw tangent and
normal to the curve from any point on it.
2. A coir is unwound from a drum of 30mm diameter. Draw the locus of the
free end of the coir for unwinding through an angle of 360°. Draw also a
tangent and normal at any point on the curve.
3. An inelastic string of length 100 mm is wound round a circle of 26 mm
diameter. Draw the path traced by the end of the string.
Free Hand Sketching
1. Make free-hand sketches of front, top and right side views of the
pictorial view shown in the figure
2. Draw the orthographic projections of the following component using
free hand.
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 Success has to do with deliberate practice. Practice must be focused, determined, and in an environment where there's feedback.

3. Make free-hand sketches of front, top and right side views of the
Assignment6: Plane Curves and Free Hand Sketching
pictorial view shown in the figure
CF1. Draw the locus of a point P which moves in n a plane in such a way that
the ratio of its distances from a fixed point F and a fixed straight line AB
is always 2/3. The distance between the fixed point F and fixed straight
line is 50 mm. Also draw a tangent and normal on a point on the locus at
a horizontal distance of 55 mm from the fixed straight line.
CF2. Draw the locus of a point P moving so that the ratio of its distance from
a fixed point F to its distance from a fixed straight line DD’ is 1. Also draw
tangent and normal to the curve from any point on it.
CF3. The vertex of a hyperbola is 30 mm from its directrix and the eccentricity
is 3/2 .Draw the hyperbola and draw the tangent and normal at any
point on the curve.
CF4. Draw the involute of a circle of diameter 40 mm and draw the tangent
and the normal to the involute at a point 95 mm from the centre of the
curve.
CF5. Draw a hypocycloid of a circle of 40 mm diameter which rolls inside
another circle of 200 mm diameter for one revolution.
4. Make free-hand sketches of front, top and right side views of the
CF6. Draw an epicycloid if a circle of 40 mm diameter rolls outside another
pictorial view shown in the figure
circle of 120 mm diameter for one revolution.

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 It's a simple and generous rule of life that whatever you practice, you will improve at.
CF7. Draw the orthographic projections of the following component using
free hand.

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