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PAPALOIZOS PUPLICATIONS TEXTBOOKS
ADULT LEVEL
MODERN GREEK, Part I - accompanied by WORKBOOK, 8 CASSETTE TAPES, and ANSWERS TO THE
WORKBOOK
MODERN GREEK, Part II, accompanied by WORKBOOK, and 6 CASSETTE TAPES
U:ARNING GREEK THROUGH CONVERSATION, accompanied by 8 CASSETTE TAPES
bASIC GREEK CONVERSATION - accompanied by 4 CASSETTE TAPES
GRAMMAR OF MODERN GREEK - (bilingual Edition) with WORKBOOK and 7 TESTS
. 333 GREEK VERBS, fully conjugated and translated into English, with idiomatic uses
3400 GREEK WORDS in spiral binding with English translation of each word
AUXILIARY BOOKS
MYTHOLOGY AND THE TROJAN WAR - with EXERCISES
HISTORY OF ANCIENT GREECE - Minoan Civilization, Mycenaean Civilization, Sparta, Athens, the Golden
Age of Athens, the Persian Wars, Alexander the Great - with EXERCISES
BYZANTINE HISTORY, From 330 A.D - 1453 A.D.
H STORY OF MODERN GREECE - Greece under the Turks, The Greek Revolution 1821-1828, Modern Times
G .c:OORAPHY OF GREECE - with EXEROSES
'.'HE NEW TESTAMENT - The life of Christ, his Miracles, his Parables, the Last Supper, the Crucifixion and the
Resurrection - with EXERCISES
CHRISTMAS POEM-CAROL BOOK
The 25TH OF MARCH
IS 200/1099
A. Voices
The Greek verb has three voices, the active, middle and passive.
In the active voice the subject acts, in the middle voice the subject
performs an action upon himself or for his own benefit and in the pas
sive voice the subject is acted upon. For instance:
B. Groups or Conjugations
OJiOTWVOl-laL
- I am,killed, (passive voice The Greek Verb has the following tenses:
OJiOTwvw - I kill of
I exercise myself ( . lo The Present- EVEoTwTaG
YUl-lvâCw _ I ! mlddle voice of 20 The Past Continuous (Imperfect) - ITapaTaTLJióG
XTunLÉl-laL - I· exerclse)
am being hit ( . 30 The Past Simple (Aorist) - AÔPLOTOG
XTunŵ _ I hit) pasSlve voice of 40 The Future Continuous - E~aJiOAOU&nTLJióG MÉAAovTaG
nAÉVOl-laL -
I am washed I 50 The Future Simple - ETLYl-lLaCoG MÉAAovTaG
·
and pasSlve. or wash myself ( . d d ]
voice of nA' ml e 6 The Present Perfect - ITapaJiELl-lEvOG
0
I am tied ( . .EVW - I wash) 7 The Past Perfect - YnEpouvTÉALJiOG
6~ .passlve VOlce of 0
C. Transiti~nd Intransitl've
Verbs which require .
--~=-=-=~~~ verbs The tenses may be divided into three groups:
Ex. :XTunw TO Cwo _ ~nh.obJect are called transitive lo Those showing present time: The Present and the Piesent Per
6Évw Éva 6Él-la _ I ~t the animal ---------. f ec t ,
ayanw TOV naTÉpa _ t~e a package 20 Those sho\ling past time: The Past Continuous, the Past
nAÉVW TO npóownó love the father Simple and the Past Perfect.
l-lou - I wash my face 30 Those showing futurity: The Future Continuous, the Future
Verbs without an ob' Simple and the Future Present Perfecto
Ex. :ip~xw _ I run Ject are called ~~~.
nn6~ - I jump
YEAW - I laugh
Eél-laL- I am Eo Formation of the Tenses
Transitive verbs have . JI10st verbs have two sterns from which all the tenses are formed:
Ex.: O dv&pwnor 6' actl~e and passive VOl'ce. the present tense stem and the past simple tense sterno For example:
~h ~ EVEL TUV OJi'A (
1 e man ties the. dog. tl o, active) the t\VO sterns of the verb TPWYW are TPWY- (from the present tense
TPWYW) and 5pay- (from the past simple tense _g_<:paya ) o The verb naCCw
O OJiÓAOG 6ÉVETaL an6 TOV ~ has also two stems, naL!;;- (from the present tense (naCCw) and naL!;
The dog is tied (b' . av&pwno,(passive) (from the past simpletense ÉnaL!;a) o But the verb no~c0 has only
elng tled) by the man. one stem nOAElJ,-'o So do the verbS ayanw (stem aya.!l-) and XTunw (stem
Tu JiUl-laTa TnG &âA XTun-) .
The waves of th aooaG XTunouv TOUG Spâxour
e sea pound th k ~ TnG napClACaG.
e roc s of the beach. (active)
Oo SPáXOL TnG napaAear From the present tense stem are formed the following tenses:
Aaooar ( ~ XTunLoJvTaL ' The present, the past continuous and the future continuouso All o
~. passive) ana TU JiUl-laTa TnG &â-
The rocks of the beach ther tenses are formed from the past simple tense sterno
are pounded by th
O e waves of the sea.
YUl-lVaoT~r yu âr The present tense, active voice, is formed from the present
Th ~ l-lV sEL TOUG a&A É tense-stem and -the ending -~ oThe passive voice from the same stem
e gymnast (trainer) exer' nT G.
Clses the atheles,(active) and the endings -Ol-laL or -~.
OL a&AnT~G YUl-lváC
The atheles are e~~;~~ a~óbTov YUl-lvaOT~ stem ending
lse y the gymnast- (passive) active TPWY- -w TPWYW - I eat
--- ypâ<:p- -w ypâ(pw - I write
- Ir - ayan-· -w ayanw - I love
- III -
l
stem endi~g
passive ot-v- -OJ.l(lL
OÉVOj.laL - I am tied
ayarr -LÉ~laL
Xl;urr- ayanLÉj.laL- I am loved
-LÉj.laL Xl;unLÉj.laL- I am struck
The past continuous tense (active voice) uses the present tense . formed by adding the particle
The Future Continuous tense lS &a
steQ and the ending - Q or -ouoa (for the verbs of the second and in front of the present tense subjunctive.
third groups)o The passive voice is formed by the endings -Ój.lOUV,-LÓ
j.louv or -ój.louva.
&0. ypáq:Jcc) - T shall be writing
Verbs which have one or two syllables and begin w i t h a consonant &0. ayam6 - I shall be loving
in the past tenses take a syllabic augment consisting of one ~_ ôo, ayanLÉj.laL - I shall be loved
This addition increases the number of the syllables by one, hence the &a oÉvOj.laL I shall be tied
name "syllabic augment" (aur;noT)) o Howeve r , if the accent does not
fallon the augment, the augment is droppedo Ex": ÉAEya but AÉyaj.lE . 1 e &a in
The Future Simple te~~~ is formed by adding the partlc
instead of EAÉyaj.lE, AÉyal;E instead of EAÉyal;E. front of the past--simple subjunctive.
syllabic augment stem endinO' &a ypá~w - I shall write
É- &a ayannow - I shall love
l;pWy- -a &a ayanT)&~ - I shall be loved
É- ypaq:J- El;pwya - I was eating
-a Éypa~oa - I was wr Lt i.ng &a OE&W - I shall be tied
(no syllabic augment ayan-
since it starts with -ouoa
ayanouoa- I was loving The Present Perfect is forr:ed. ~y. the auxiliary EXW and the
nOAEj.l- -ouoa
nOAEj.lOUoa- I was fight past simple subjunctive. (or the .inf irri.t i.ve )
a vowe l )
l;pWy- ing
-Ój.lOUV l;PWYÓj.lOUV - I was being c:XW ypá~~L - I have written
eaten ~Xw ayanT)OEL - I have loved
ayan- -LÓj.lOUV ayanLÓj.lOuV - I wa s c-:Xw ayarrT)&EL - I have bee~ loved
being loved ~Xw OE&EL - I have been tled
The past simple tense (active voice) is formed from the past The Past Perfect is f orme d b y the nast
" tense of the auxiliary
simple stem and the suffix -aa (the regular past simple tense suffix) v2rb g~ and the subjunctive. lor the infinitive)
or -a, -noa,-~, ~.(These endings are formed from the combination
of the suffix aa with the last letter of the sterno For example~ I
ELxa ypá~EL - I had written
~ and aa giveS-~ as in Éypaq::>oa -sypa~a. ELxa ayarr~oEL- I had loved
dxa ayanT)&E( - I had bee~ loved
The passive voice is formed from the stem and the ending _ ELxa OE&EL - I had been tled
which many times takes different forms (-l;T)Ua, -q:JT)ua, -(pl;T)ua, &T)ua,
-T)&T)ua, -Xl;T)ua, Ol;T)ua)as a result of the combination of the suffix The Future Perfect tense is formed by adding &a in front of
with the last letter of the stem. the Present Perfect Tense.
syllabic augment stem suffix
--- &a t':xw ypálVE L - I shall have written
E- &a Éxw ayamios L - I shall have loved
-q::>ay- -a É~?aya - I ate &a ayanT)&EL - I shall have been loved
E- Ëxw
-ypa~- -a Éypa~a - I wrote &a Éxw oE&d - I shall have been tied
ayan- -T)oa ayánT)oa - I loved The COLJitional is formed by adding &0. in front of the the
nOAEj.l- -noa noAÉj.lT)Oa - I fought past perfect.
ayan- -'T)&nua ayann&nua - I was loved &a El.xa YPál)JE L I wou Ld have written
oÉv- -&T)ua oÉ(v)&T)ua~- I was tied &0. ELxa ayannoEL - I would have loved
&a dxa ayanT)&E L - I wou l.d have be~n loved
* the V is dropped" &a ELxa OE&El - I would have been tled
- IV-
-V-
1
3. ~he Past Simple Tense (A6pLOTO~) is used to describe events in
in the past which are complete in themselves.
'OTav ~!-LOUV OTnV AYYALa xá.BE When I was in England I used 5. The Future Simple Tense (MÉAAoVeaG ~eLYULaCo~) denotes an
KUPLaxn TT)AEcpwvoóoa Oenv OLXO to call my family in Amer1ca action which will take place in the future, Ex.:
ytvELá !-LOU OTnV AUEPlXn. every Sunday.
eu oou ypá\j;cu. I will wr i.t e to you,
OL apxaCOl 'EAAT)VEs ÉTpwyav AÓPLO (]<J. (j)áUE \~ápLa. Tomo r r ow He will eat fish,
The ancient Greeks used to eat
axouunLO'}lÉvOL CE: xavanÉÓEG. reclining on couches. ea oou ellAEQWVrlOW TT]V KupLaxrl.I will call you on Sunday,
The,past continuous tense is translated: The future simple t en s e is translated:
act1ve: XTunoJoa - I was striking.
pasS1ve: XTunl6uouv - I was being struck, I was struck active - ~a XTun~ow - I shall hit (once)
passive - ~á XTunn,sW - I shall be hit (once)
- VI - - VII -
6.
The Present Perfect Tense (ITapaxEC~EvO~ ) is used to describe
qUIte recent actions. It is formed by the auxiliary verb Éxw
and the active, past slmple subjunctive for the active voice,
or the passive past simple subjunctive for the passive voice. G. Moods -'EyxALOELh
Ex. : k h three moods: Indicative ( OpLO.LXn) ,Sub-
~odern Gree a~ ) and Imperative (ITpoo.ax.Lxn ).
TO xOUÓOUVL ÉXEL x.unnOEL. junctlve ( Yno.ax.Lx'I~
The Infinitive ( Anap~~<pa.o ) and the Participle (ME.Cxn) are
·EXO~E <PáYE L. The bell has rung.
We have eaten, also considered moods.
Tô aEPonAávo ÉXEL <P.áOEL.
'OAa .0. Év.o~a Éxouv OXo.w- The plane has arrived. 1. The Indicative d eno t es a fact or reality. Ex.:
ÔEi.. All the insects have been
killed.
O nALOh Aá~nEL. • - The sun shines.
The present perfect is translated: Tpwyw óuo auyá XáÔE npwL. Every morning I eat two eggs.
To xOUÓOUVL x.ónnOE. - The bell rang.
active - 'Exw X.un~oEL .0 naLóC - I have hit (struck) the child. ea Ép{:7E L aUpLo. - He will come tomorrow.
passIve - 'Exw X.unnÔEl. anó É:va I have been hit by a car. 'EXEL ~pÉEEL on~Epa. - It has rained today.
au.oxLVn.O.
2. . 'bilit doubt or ex-
7. The Subjunctiv~ e~presâes ~l~h's~~hs~articr~s and conjun-.
The Past Perfect Tense ( YnEpouv.ÉAL~O~ ) is used when we wish pectatlon. It IS Intro uce y <5 v npLv npo.ou.
to refer to Some event in the past which happened prior to the ctions as: ~, á.<pou, YLa. va, ~, va, ~, ,
time of which we are chiefly talking. This tense is formed
from Etxa (past tense of Éxw ) and the sUbjunctive, as above.
O xaLPóh ~OWh va. EtvaL xa- - The weather may be fine
Eou ECXC. ypá~EL Éva ypá~~a AÓh aUPLo. tomoroow.
npLV nápw .0 ÓLXO OOU. I had written you a letter before etAw vc, naCEw. I want to play.
O nALO!;; dXE ava.dAE L I received yours.
Ynoypá~a~E np~v <PUYO~E. We signed before we left.
npLv <P.áOO~E o.nv XOPu<pn .ou The sun had risen before we ·O.av <póya~E, o xaLPóh ~tav When we left the weather was
- - ~()UVoU. \ reached the mountain top. XaAÓh. fine.
TO l3tj3ACO: dXE .unwôd novv
yCVOuv OL .EALXÉ!;; ÓLOpÔWOELh. The book had been printed
before the final corrections There are three subjunctives:
were made.
The past perfect tense is translated: The present tense subjunctive -
-VIII -
-IX-
Passive participle
3. The Imperative is used in commands: Ex.:
-X-
-XI-
ayanw (of persons) to be fond of, to love dearly
(2) (of things) to like to, to delight in, to be well pleased
P. ayá.na - be loving(sing.)
ayanáLE - be loving (pl.)
P. S. ayó.nnOE - love (sing.) ayannoou - be loved (sing.)
ayannOLE -love (pl.) ayann{JELLE- be loved (pl.)
I NFl NIT I V E
r. S. va ayannOEL - to love va. ayann{JEL - to be loved
PAR T I CIP L E
-XIl- ayannutv-Ol:;,-n,-o - loved
(For examples see p. 47)
ayua~Ld~w (1) - I embrace
als o ~vvC~w (1) - I touch~
ayy~~w "
Active Voice, Indicative
Passive Voice, Indicative Passive Voice Indicative
. '----
P. I embrace I am being embraced
I am touched ayua~Ld~w aYUaALd~ol-LE ayua~Ld~ol-LaL ayua~La~Ól-LaaLE
P. I touch
ayyC~Ol-LE ayyC~Ol-LaL aYYL~Ól-LaaLE ayua~Ld~ELs aYUaALd~E"[E ayua~Ld~EaaL ayua~Ld~EaLE
aYYL~w ayyC~EaaL aYY~~EaLE
aYYL~EL(;; ayyl~E"tE ayua~Ld~EL ayua~Lá~ou\) ayua~Ld~ELaL ayua~Ld~o\)"[aL
ayyC~E"taL aYY~~O\)LaL
a.yyC~EL aYYL~OU\)
P. C. I was embracing I was being embraced
I was being touched o.yud~La~a ayua~Ld~al-LE uyua~La~Ól-LoU\) ayua~La~Ól-Laa"tE
P.c. I was touching
aYYL~Ól-LOU\) aYYL~Ól-LaaLE
áYYL~a ayyl~al-LE ayud~La~E(;; ayua~Ld~aLE aYUa~La~ÓaOU\) o.YUaALa~óaaa"[E
aYYL~óaOU\) aYYL~óaaaLE ayud~La~E ayudALa~a\) ayua~La~ÓLa\) a.yua~Ld~o\)La\)
áYYL~E(;; ayyC~a"tE aYYL~ó"ta\) aYYL~O\)"ta\)
dYYL~E d.YYL~a\)
P. S. I embraced I was embraced
I was t.o u c hed ayud~Laaa ayua~Ldaal-LE o.yua~LáaLnua ayua~ L aan'lual-LE
P. S. I touched
ayyCX"tnua aYYLX"tnUal-LE ayud~LaaE(;; ayua~LdaaLE ayua~LdaLnUE(;; á.yua~Laa"tnuaLE
áYYL~a ayylEal-LE
ayyCXLnUE(;; aYYLX"tnua"tE ayud~LaaE ayudALaaa\) ayua~LdaLnuE ayuaALda"[nua\)
dYYLEE(;; ayyCEa"tE
ayyCXLnUE ayyCXLnUa\)
dYYLEE á.YYL~a\)
F. C. I shall be embracing I shall be embraced
I shall be touched 50. ayua~Ld~w 50. ayua~LdC:ol-LE 50. ayua~Lá~ol-LaL 50. ayua~La~Ól-Laa"tE
F.e. I shall be touching
50. ayyC~ol-LaL50. aYYL~Ól-Laa"tE 50. ayuaALd~ELs 50. ayua~Ld~E"[E 50. aYUaALd~EaaL 50. ayua~Ld~Ea"[E
50. ayyC~w 50. ayY~~Ol-LE
50. ayY~~EaaL 5U aYY~~EaLE 50. ayua~Ld~EL 50. ayua~Ld~ou\) 50. ayuaALá~ELaL 50. ayua~Ld~o\)"[aL
50. ayyt~EL(;;50. aYY~~ELE 50. ayyC~ELaL 50. ayyl~O\)LaL
50. aYYL~EL 00. o.YYL~OU\)
F. S. I shall embrace I shall be embraced
I shall be touched , 50. ayuaALdaw 50. ayua~Ldaol-LE 50. ayua~LaaLW 5a. ayua~Laa"toJ1-LE
F. S. I shall touch
50. o.YYLXLw 50. aYYLX"to~UE 50. ayua~LdaEL(;; 50. ayua~LdaE"[E 50. ayua~Laa"tEC(;;50. ayua~Laa"[Ec"tE
50. ayyCEw 5á ayyCEol-LE
50. aYYLXLEL(;;50. aYYLXL8t"tE sá ayua~LdaEL 50. ayua~Ldaou\) &0. ayua~LaaLEC 50. aYUa~LaaLOU\)
50. ayyC~EL(;;50. ayyt~E"tE
50. aYYLXLEL 50. aYYLX"toU\)
5a ayytEEL 50. ayyt~OU\)
Pr.P. txw ayua~LdaEL -I have em- ~xw a.yuaALaa"tEC - I have been em-
Éxw aYYLXLEt~ I have been touched É:XEL(;; .... etc. braced
Pr.P.txw ayyCEE~ ~ I have touched ~XE Ls ••• etc. braced
ÉXEL(;; •••• etc.
€XELs .. o' etc.
P.P. ELxa ayua~LdaEL - I had em- Etxa ayua~LaaLEC- I had been em-
E[xa aYYLX"tEL ~ I had been touched ElXE(;; ••• etc. braced ELXEs •••. etc. braced
P.P. ELxa ayyCEEL~ I had touched
ECXES ••• ·etc.
dXEs ., .etc.
F. P. I shall have embraced I shall have been embraced
F.P. I shall have touched
I shall have been touched 50. Éxw ayua~LdaEL etc. 5a EXW ayua~LaaLEL etc.
5u
EXW ayyCEEL etc.
50. Éxw aYYLXLE~ .. , etc.
I N FIN I T I V E
va ayopaoT£L - to be bought
P. S. va ayopá.oEL - to buy
PAR TIC I PLE -5-
a-yopa~~vo~ - bought
a-YOpá.COVTa~ - buying
-4- (For examples see p. 47)
aYWVL~o~aL (4, a deponent verb) - to strive; to fight; a6LXŴ (3) - to injure; to wrong; to do injustice; to act unjustly
to struggle; to take part in a contest
Active Voice, Indicative Passivt Voice, Indicative
Indicar.i\'e Subjunctive
(with va, YLU va, óTav etc.) P. I wrong I am wronged
P. I struggle o.6LXW d.6LXoD~E a6LXLÉ~aL a6LXL6~aoTE
a.ywvC~o~aL Q.YWVL~ó~aOLE P. aywVC~o~aL- that I may a.6LXECG d.6LXE (TE a6LxL8oaL a6LxLÉoLE
aywVL~EoaL aywvC~EOTE struggle a6LXE"L a6LXOÓv a.6LxL8LaL a6LXLouvTaL
a.ywvC~ETaL aywv L ~ovTa L P.S. aywvLOTW - that I may
struggle P.C. I was doing wrong I was being wronged
P. C. I was struggling Pr.P. ixw UYWVLOTEC- that I may a6LXoOoa. 0.6LxoUoa~E a6LXLó~OUV a6LXLó~aOTE
aywvL~6~ouv aywvL~ó~aoTE have struggled 0.6LXOUOSG a6LXouoaTE a.6LXL6oouv a6LXL6oaOTE
aywVL~óOOUV aywVL~óoaOLE a6LX000E a6LXOUOo.V a6LXLóTav a.6LxLóvTav
aywvL~óTav aywvC~oVTav Imperative
P. S. I wronged I was wronged
P. C. I struggled P. aywvC~ou - be struggling 0.6LX1l0a 0.6 L Kr~oa~E a6LXnÔllxa a6LXllÔnxa~E
aywvCOTllXa aYWVLOTnxa~E (sing.) 0.6CX1l0EG a6LxnoaTE a.6LXnÔllXEG a6LXllÔnXaLE
a.YWVLOTllXEG aywVLOTnxaTE aywvL~EOTE- be struggling 0.6CX1l0E a6Cxlloav a6LXn&llXE a6LXnÔllxav
aywVLOTllXE aywvLOTllXaV (p L, )
F. C. I shall be doing wrong I shall be wronged
F. C. I shall be struggling P.S. aywvCoou - struggle (sing.) ôa a6LXw ôu a6Lxou~E ôa a6LXL8~a.L ôa. 0.6LXL6~aOTE
ôa. aywvC~o~aL ôa aywVL~ó~aOTE ôa a6LXELG ôa a6LXELTE &0. a6LXL80aL &0. a6LXL~OTE
ôa aywvL~EoaL ôa a.YWVC~EOTE aywvLOTE{TE - struggle (pl.) Ga a6Lx8'L ôa a6Lxouv aa. a6LXL8TaL &0. a6LXLOÓVTaL
Ôd a.ywvC~ETaL ôa aYWvC~ovTaL
Infinitive F.S. I shall wrong I shall be wronged
F.S. I shall struggle ôa a6Lxnow ôa a6LxnOO~E ôa. a6Lxn&w ôa. a6LXll&o6~E
ôa aywVLoTŴ ôa a.YWVLOTOU~E ôa a6LxnOELG ôa a6LxnOETE ôa a6LWlôE:~s. &0. a6LXllÔElTE
ôa aywVLOTE{G ôa aywvLoTE(TE P.S. Va. aywVLOTEL ôa a6LxnOEL ôa a6LxnooUV ôa a6LXll&st &a. aÔLxn&ouv
ôa. aywVLoTEL ôa aywVLOTOUV
,.
.,1, Pr.P. ÉXW a6LxnOEL - I have wronged ~XW a6Lxllô~L- I have been wronged
Pr.P. I have struggled Participle tXSLG ..•. etc. 8XELG ••.. etc.
E:XW dYWVLOTEL ËXO~E aywvLOTEL
8XELG aywvLoTEL tXETE aywvLOLEl P.P. Elxa a6LxnOEL- I had wronged ELxa a6LXnôE£ -I had been wronged
ÉXEL aywVLOTEL EXOUV aywvLoTEL ELXEG .•• etc. EtXEG oo •• etc.
P.P. I had struggled F.P. I shall have wronged I shall have been wronged
i •
ELxa aywvLoTEL ôa Éxw a6LXnOEL etc. ::la. Éxw a6LXll&EL etc.
E[XEG .... etc.
Examples: SUBJUNCTIVE
I feel well. (with va, YLa. va, o-rav etc.) (followed
ALoGaVOl-LaL Uo,Aa. P. o,xoÂou&w - that I may be followingaxoÂouGLÉl-Lo,L - that I may be
v,)e feel cold. P. S.
ALoGaVOl-Lao-rE xpuo. He feels shame ( ashamed). o,xoÂouGnow - that I may follow axoÂouGn&w - that I may be follow
ALOGá.VS,o,L V,POTIll. Pr.P. Éxw o,XOÂOU&nOEL - that I may have Éxw o,xoÂouGnGE.L- that I may (ed
What do you feel?
TL aLoGavsoaL; What did you feel when the car followed have been followed
TL aLoGá.v&nXEs ó-rav OE x,unnoE IMPERATIVE
,o au,ox[vn,o; struck you? , P. o,XOÂouGo, - be following (sing.)
He is insensitive (apathe~1.c) ..
~EV a~oGavs,aL. , He does not know what he 1.S d01.ng. o,XOÂouGEL-rE -be following (pl.)
~EV aLoGavs,aL ,L ,ou rLV~,aL. P. S. o,xoÂouGnoE - follow (sing.)
I feel very bad for what has o,XOÂOu&nGou - be followed (sing.)
A~oGá.vOl-LaL no AU áoxnl-La rL au o,UOÂOU&E.LO-rE -follow (pl.) axoÂouGn&E.C-rE- be followed (pl.)
happened.
,O nou ÉrLvs.
INFINITIVE
-8- P. S. Va o,xOÂOU&nOEL - to follow vo, axoÂOU&nGEL - to be f o L'I ow e d
PARTICIPLE
- following axoÂouGOUl-LEV-Os,-n,-O-followed
-9- (For examples see p. 48)
, (1) - to hear'3 to listen to; to obey a~~á~w (1) - to change
(l.HOUW
Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice,Indicative Pa~sive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative P.
I am being heard I change I am being chnaged
P. I hear aHouo~aL aHouó~aocE a~~ál:w
aHOUO~E a.AAál:o~E a~~ál:o~aL aAAal:Ój.Lao.E
aHouW aHouEoaL aHouEOcE a~~ál:ELG
aHouEL(:; aHouEcE aAAál:ETE aA~ál:EoaL aAAál:EOT,E
aHououV aHouE~aL aHouoVcaL a~~ál:EL a.~Aál:ouv a~Aál:ET,aL aAAál:ovT,aL
aHouEL
I was being heard P. C. I was changing
P.C. I was hearing I was being changed
áHoua aHoua~E aHouó~oUv aHouólLaocE áA~al:a a~Aál:a~E aAAal:ó~ouv a~Aal:ó~aOT,E
áHOUE(:; aHouacE (l.HOUÓOOuv aHouóoaocE áAAal:Es a~Aál:aT,E aA~al:óoouv aAAal:óoaOT,E
áHOUE áHouaV aHouócav aHouovcav áAAa.l:E á~Aal:av aA~al:ÓT,aV aAÂál:ovT,av
I was heard P. S. I changed
P.S. I heard I was changed
aHouoa~E aHouocnHa aHouocnHa~E á.AAa!;a aAAá!;a~E aA~áXT,nua aAAaXT,nHaj.LE
áHouoa aHouo.nHE(:; aHouocnHa.E á,AAaEEG
á.HoUOE(:; aHoUoa.E a~Aá.!;aT,E a~~áXT,nHEG aA~aXT,nHaT,E
d,HOUOaV aHouo.nHE aHouocnHav áAAa!;E tiÂAa!;av aAAáx T,nUE aAAá.x T,nHaV
Ó,HOUOE
I shall be heard F. C. I shall be changing
F. C. I shall be hearing I shall be changed
-50. a.HOUO~E &0. aHouo~aLOO aHouô~aO.E -50. aAAál:w &0. a~~ál:o~E
OO aHouw -50. aAAál:o~aL &0. a~Aal:ó~aOT,E
fu (l.HOUEL(:; OO aHouE.E
aa. aHouEuaL &0. aHouEo.E aa. aA~ál:ELG -50. aAAá.l:ET,E -50. a~Aál:Eoo.L -50. o.~Aá.l:EOT,E
OO aHouEL OO axououv &0. aHouE.aL &0. (l.HOuov.aL aa. aAAál:EL &0. a~Aá.l:ouv aa. aA~ál:ET,aL &0. a~Aá.l:oVT,o.L
I shall be heard _ F. S. I shall change
I shall hear I shall be changed
F. S.
-50. aHouOW 3a aHouoo~E &0. aHouo.w aa aHouo.o~~E 3a a.A~á~w -56. o.~Aá.!;o~E 3a aAAaxT,W 3a a~AaXT,OU~E
3a aHouoEL(:; 3a aHouoE.E OO aHouocELs aa.(l.HOUO.E~.E -50. a~Aá!;ELs -5á a.~~á!;ET,E -50. a~AaXT,ECs 3a aAAaXT,ELT,E
-50. aHouoEL 3a aHouOOUV aa. aHouo.EL Ga aHouo.oUv 3a aAAá.!;EL 0d a~AáEouv 3a a~AaXT,EC aa aA~axT,OUv
I have been heard Pr.P. I have changed
Pr.P. I have heard I have been changed
Éxw aHoUÓEL €XW o'HOUOT,E~ ixw aAAáEEL e:xw a~~aXT,EL
~XE 1.(:; ••• etc. ÉXELG •.. etc. ~XELG .... etc.
ÉXEL(:; .. ".etc.
ECxa aHOUOEL- I had heard ELxa aHoUO.EC - I had been heard P. P. ELxa a~AáEEL - I had changed
P.P. ECXEG .•. etc. I had been changed
EtXE(:; etc. ELXE(:; .•. etc.
&0. txw UHOUO.EC- I shall have been F. P. I shall have
F.P. -50. ÉXW aHoUOEL- I shall have
heard -50. Éxw á.AAaXT,E C- I shall hav-e been
heard changed changed
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
(with va, YLa! va., óT,av etc.)
aHouo~aL- that I may be being heard P. (changed)
P. aHOUW - that I may be hearing aAAál:w - that I may be changing a~Aál:o~aL- that I may be being
aHouo.w - that I may be heard P. S.
P. S. O,HOUOW - that I may hear aA~áEw - that I may change aA~á~o~aL- that I may be changed
Éxw aHouOEL - that I may have SXW aHoUO.EL- that I may have been Pr.P. Éxw aAAá!;EL - that I may have €XW a~AaXT,EL _ that I may
Pr.P. heard have been
heard changed
changed
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
P. ctAAal:E - be changing (sing.)
P. áHOUE- be hearing (sing.) QAAál:ou -be changing (sing.)
aHouEcE - be hearing (pl.) â~Aál:ETE - be changing(pl.) aAAál:EOT,E- be changing (pl.)
aHOUO.OU - be heard (sing.) P. S. dA~aEE - change (sing.)
P. S. áHOUOE - hear (sing.) aAAáxT,ou - be changed (sing.)
aHouOE.E - hear (pl.) aHOUO.EL.E- be heard (p 1. ) a~~á;;ET,E - change (pl.) a~AaXT,ECTE - be changed (pl.)
INFINITIV~ INFINITIVE
P. S. va aHouoEL - to hear va aHOUO.EL - to be heard P. S. vd a~Aá~EL - to change va dAAaXTEC - to be changed
PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE UAAá.l:ovTas -changing ----- a~AaY~Év-oG,-n,-O- changed
aHoUov.as - hearing aHouO~Év-o(:;,-n,-o - heard
(For "examples see p. 48) -11- (For examples see p. 48)
-10-
avo.[?áAAw (1) - to postpone; to delay; to procrastinate; to adjourn
to be doubt~ul; tn doubt
a}.l.<!JL(?á.A.A.W (1) - e Passive Voice is rare) Active Voice, Indicative
P.
!' ass i.':'~ _ _\! (:)1:~~, l~..<i_is: a t i~
I postpone I am being postponed
SUBJUNCTIVE a.va.i3á.AA.w
INDlCATIVE a.Va.i3áÂ.A.Oj.lE a.vai3étA.A.oj.lo. ~ o.vai3a.AA.Ój.laOTE
I doubt that I may o.va.i3áAÂ.E~s uva.i36.AAETE a.va.aáAAEoa~ uva.SáAAEOTE
P. P.
a1J.<PL[3á.A.A.W be doubting a.va.i3áAA.E~ a.va.i3áAA.ouv aVaSáA.A.ETa~ avaSáAA.ovTa~
a1J.<p~[3á.A.A.Et.G
a1J.<PLeá.A.A.EL P. C. I was postponing I was being postponed
P. S. a1J.<p~Bá.A.w - that I may
doubt uvÉi3a.A.Aa. aVEi3áAA.a.j.lE a.vaSaA.AÓj.louv ava.SaAA.Ój.laOTE
P.C. I was doubting a.vÉi3a.A.A.Es aVEi3aA.A.aTE a.va.i3a.A.A.óoouv Qva6a.A.A.óoa.OTE
a1J.<pÉ[3aA.A.a alJ.(pt; [:Iá.A.A.a1J.E a.VÉBaA.A.E a.vÉi3a.A.A.av a.va6aA.A.ÓTa.v ava.6á.A.A.ovTav
Pr.P. Éxw o,1J.<p~[3á.A.E~- that I may
a1J.<pÉ[3aA.A.EG a1J.<PE [3á.A.A.a:r E
have doubted
a1J.<pÉ(3aA.A.E a1J.<pÉ(3aA.A.av P. S. I postponed I was postponed
a.V€i3a.A.a. aVE BáAaJJ.E civa6A.nan~a ava6A.naTi~a~LE
IMPERATIVE uvÉ!3a.A.Es
P. S. I doubted a.VEi3á.Aa.TE ava6A.~an~Es avaSA.nan~aTE
a1J.<PÉ[3aA.a o,)1(iJe;[3â.A.a1J.E a.VÉi3a.A.E a.vÉi3a.Aa.v avai3A.~an~E a.va6A.nan~av
P. S. a1J.<pÉ[3o.A.A.E - be doubting,
a1J.<pÉ[3aA.EG o.1J.<PE[:Iá.A.o.-CE doubt (sing.)
ó,1J.<pÉ[3aA.E o,ll<pÉ[3o.A.o.v F. C. I shall be postponing I shall be postponed
P. o.1J.<p~[:Iá.A.A.E-CE- be doubting,
doubt (pl.) &0. avaSáA.A.w au a.vai3áA.A.oj.le; au ava6áA.A.o]..La~ aa ava6aAA.6JlaOTE
F.C. au avai3áA.A.E~s aa. a.va.i3áA.AETE ôo, uvai3áA.AEoa~ aa ava6áA.A,C':::, CE
aa. a.vai3áA.AE~ aa uva.i3áA.Aouv ao. civa0áA.AETa~ aa civaf3áAAovTO,~
INFINITIVE F. S. I shall postppne I shall be postponed
aa uvaBáA.w aa. ava.i3âAoj.lE aa. avai3A.naw aa avapA.nao0j.lE
F. S. I shall doubt aa avai3áA.E~s aa avai3áA.ETE aa a.va6A.naECs aa ava6AnaECTE
aa. ll.1J.<pl,I3á.A.w oo o.1J.<pl,I3á.A.01J.E
P. S. va o.]..L<pL!3á.A.El, - to doubt aa. ava.0áA.E~ &a. a.vai3ciA.ouv aa. ava[?A.naEC aa a.vai3Anaouv
OO a1J.<pl,!3á.A.El,G &0. o.ll<Pl,[:Iá.A.E-CE
OO o.1J.<pl,I3á.A.El, &0. o,1J.<pl,I3á.A.ouv Pr. P. Éxw avai3aA.E~ - I have postponed Éxw uvai3A.naEL - I have been
postponed
I have .d o ub c e d P. P. EtXa. o.vai3áA.E~- I had postponed ELxa ava.i3AnaE~- I had been
Pr.P. PARTICIPLE
tt XW o.1J. <Pt. !3á.A.E l, postponed
lXEl,G •••• etc. o.1J.<Pl,[3á.A.A.ov-co.G -doubting
SUBJUNCTIVE
ó1'av, yLa. va, va e t c. )
(with (ed SUBJUNCTIVE
avál?oua~- that I may be ~eing light- (with vo. yLa va ó1'av etc.) (ed
a."ó,P.,., - that I may be lighting . I may be Ld g h t e d P. o.vayyÉA.A.w - that I may announce o.vayyÉA.)"o~aL- that I may be announc-
P. h ava<!>1'W - that
v ~~ P. S. avo.YYEL)"W - that I may announce a.va.yy€),,&1J.J - that I may be
P. S. avó,ljJw - that I may lig t . that I may have been
may lit E/(W ava<!>1'EL - Pr. P.
Pr.P. Éxw o.vó,ljJ€~ - that I lit 8XW avaYYELA.EL- that I may have Éxw o.vaYYE),,6EL - that I may have "
announced been announced
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
~~------a~vá.P.ou - be lighted (sing.) P.
P. á.val?E - be lighting (sing.) ~ a.Vó'YYEA.A.€-be announcing (sing.-)--avaYYÉ)"A.oU -be announced (Sing.)
a.Vá.I?E1'E -be lighting (pl.) o.vayyÉA.A.E1'E-be announcing(pl.) O,vayyÉA.AE01'E-be announced(pl.)
avá.ljJou be lighted (sing.) P. S.
á.valjJ€ - light (sing.)
ava<!>1'EL1'E - be lighted (pl.) o.VáYYELA.€ - announce (sing.) avaYYELAOU - be announced (sing.)
a.VÓ,ljJE1'E -light (pl.) o.vaYYELA.E1'€ - announce (pl.) ava.YYEA6EL1'E- be announced (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
va o.va<!>1'E( - to be lighted r. S. va avaYYELAEL - to announce
P. S. va. a.VÓ,ljJE~ - to light va avaYYEA.6€t- to be announced
PARTICIPLE d PARTICIPLE
·~~---a--va~~Év-oG,-n,-o lighte o.vaYYÉ)"A.OV1'aG-announcing
avó'l?ov1'a.G - lihting avaYYEA.].lÉVOG- announced
(For examples see p. 49) -15-
-14- (For examples see p, 49)
· t compel; to force o,vO,YVwpq;;w (1) - to recognize
a;VO,YKóX';Vl ( 1 ) - t o o b 1 r, ge; o
Passive Vo~ce,Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice. Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative I am being compelled P. I recognize T am being recogniz~-d--
P. I compel avaYXó.~O'j..LO,L ava'(xa~6'j..LaOLE: avayvwp~1.:w ava'(vwpL60lJ.E avoyvwpCCO'j..LaL avayvwPL6Ó'j..LaOLE
avO. )'Xó.~w o,va:y xó.~OlJ.E:
avO,YXó.~E:OaL ava~xó.~E:OLE e
avayvwp C.E L G avayvwpLrELE avayvwpL6EoaL avaYVwpL6EOLE
I avayxá.~E:LG o,vOyxÓ.~E:LE avaYXó.~ELo,L avayxó.~ovLaL u,vayvwp~6E:L aVaYVWpL60UV ll.VayvwpL6E1;aL avayvwpC~OvLaL
a:vayxá.~E: L avayxá.~ouv
P.C. I was recognizing I was being recognized
I P.C. a.vayvwpLCa avayvwpC1.:a'j..LE avayvwpL6ÓlJ.OUV avayvwPL~ÓlJ.aOLE
I, o.vo,y vóo L 6 E G o.vo,Y voo L 6,0. LE: avayvwpL6ÓOOUV avoyvwpL66oaoLE
avayvWPLCe: CVayvwp~6av avayvwpLróLav avaYVwpL60vLav
\
I was compelled P. S. I recognized I was recognized
P. S. I compelled o,vayxá.o-cnxa avayxaoLnxalJ.E o.vayvwPLoa avaYVwPLOalJ.E avayvwpLoLnxa avayvwpLOLnXalJ.E
u,vó.yxaoa avaYXó.oalJ.E ava'Yxá.oLn}{EG aVaYXaoLnxaLE avayvwPLoEG avaYVwpLOaLE
avo,yxó.oaLE avayvWpC01;nX€G avaYVwpLOLnxaLE
o,vó.yxaOE:G o.Vo,yxá.oLnxE o,Vo,YXá.OLnxav avayvwpLoE avayvwp t oo.v avaYVwpC01;nXE aVo,yvwPL01;nxav
o,vá.yxaoE: o,Vó.yxo,oav
I shall be compelled F.C. I shall be recognizing I shall be recognized
F.C. ao, o,va'Yxó.~O'j..LaL aa. avayxo,~Ó'j..Lo,OLE aa avayvwpL6W aa. o.vayvWPC1.:0'j..LE aa o.vayvwpL60'j..LaL
aa. o,vayxa.~EoaL 3a. o,Vo,YX~~EOLE aa avayvWPL6ELG aU. a.vayvwpC~ELE aa. avayvWPC6EoaL
aa. avayxá.~E:Lo,L aa. o,vayxa!:ovLaL aa.avayvwpLCEL aa. o.vayvWPL~OUV etc.
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE (ing (gnized
P. avayvwpC~w-that I may be recogniz-avayvwpC60uaL-that I may be reco
(with vu,yLa va, óTav etc.) I may be obliged
ó.T - that I may be obligingo.vayxa~o~aL- that P. S. (X.vayvwPLow-that I may recognize avayvwpL01;cG-that I may be "
P. uVayx bW bl' avayxaoLw-that I may be obliged Pr.P. ~Xw avayvwpLoEL-that I may have Éxw avayvwPLoLEL-that I may have
P. S. avayx~ow - that I mai o ~~:ve 8XW avaYXaoLEL -that I may have recognized been recognized
Pr. P Éxw uVaYXó.OEL- that may been obliged IMPERATIVE
obliged P.
IMPERATIVE d (sing.) avaYVwPL6E-be recognizing(sing.) avayvwpC60u -be recognized (sing.)
., (' g) avo,yxó.~ou - be oblige avayvwpC6ELE-be recognizing (pl.) avaYVwpC6E01;E - be recognized(pl.)
P. aVó.yxa~E- be obl~~~~g (~~) avayxó.~EoLE-be obliged (pl.) P. S. ~\)ayvwpLOE -recognize (sing.) avayvwp~oou - be recognized (sing
avayxó.~ELE-be obl~g~n~ p). avayxó.oou _ be obliged (sing.) avaYVwPLOELE -recognize (pl.) aVaYVwpL01;ELLE-be recognized (pl.)
P. S. avá.yxaoE - oblige (s~ng. avayxaOLEl.1;E _ be obliged (plo)
o.vaYXó.oE1;E - oblige(pl.) .
INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE va avayvwPLoEL- to recognize
I
to be obliged va avayvwPLOLEL-to be recognized
va avayxaOLEL
va avaYXó.OEL - to oblige PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE avayvwPL60v1;as - recognizing avayvwPLOUÉV-Os,-n,-o -recognized
·.=..c--a-vayxaO'j..LÉv-oG, -n , -O - obliged
avaYXó.~ovLaG - obliging see p. 49) -17- (For examples see p. 50)
(For examples
-16-
avaKaA:UTIHu (1) - to discover, to find out, to uncover, to invent
a.Va.(:DTW (2,3) _ to seek; to search for; to look for
P. P. "-E ~ xa avaua"tÉ~EL-avaua"tŵaE ~
t
EtXo. avauaTEu5E -.uvaua"tw5E ~ aa ava~áj3E~ 50. avaÂá!3ouv
ava~au!3á.vov"tab - undertaking
I had been mixed, etc.
I had mix~d, etc. Pr.P. ~ have undertaken
50. Éxw avaua"tEuaE ~-a.vaua"tw&d e:xw ava~á!3EL ÉXOUE uvaÂá!3EL
F.P. 50. €XW avauaTÉ~E~-avaua"tWaE~ I shall have been mixed etc. c'XELb avaÂáj3E~ iXETE avaÂá!3EL
I shall have mixed etc. EXEL ava~á.!3EL Éxouv ava~á.!3E~
P. P. I had undertaken
ELxa ava~á!3E~
I
E~XEb ... etc.
SUBJUNCTIVE
avaua"te:uoua~-avaua"twvoua~
P. avaua-rEuw-avaua"twvw F.P. aa. €XW avaÂá!3E~- I shall have
that I may be mixing that I may be mixed
avaua"tEu-rw-avaua"tw5~ undertaken
P.S.avaua-CÉ~w-avauaTWaw
that I may be mixed
that I may mix
Éxw aVo,ua"tEu"tEL-a.vauaTw5Eé
Pr.P.Bxw avaua"tÉ~E~-avaua"tŵaEL
that I may have been mixed
that I may have mixed
IMPERATIVE
avauá"tEuE-avauá.-rwVE-be mixing aVo.ua"tEUou-avaua"twvou -be mixed
P. Ava~aui3á.vw r nv Eu5uvn Y La. ' I assume responsibility for what
avaua"tEUE-CE-avaua"twvE"tE á.Vaua"tEUE:.O"tE-avaua"tŴvEoTE.- ËYLVE. O,TL
avauá"tE~E-avauá-rwaE-mix o.vav.cutl!Jou-avauctTŴ&OU -be mixed happened.
P. S. A:vÉ~ai3E unó r nv apPŴOTE La TOU. He recovered from his illness.
avaua"tÉ~ETE-avaua-cŵaE"tE aVaUo.-CEu"tEL"tE-avaua-cw5E~"tE
tl ETaLPELa o.vá.~a!3E va. HTLOEL The company undertook the build
INFINITIVE
TOV oupavo!;UOTll. ing of the skyscraper.
va aVaUo.TÉ~E~-avauaTŴOEL-to mix va avaua-CEu-CEL-avauaTw5EL-to be(mixed
PARTICIPLE mixed e~ ava~ái3EL Ta Ha5~lf.ovTá TOU He will assume his duties tomorrow.
aupLo.
avaua"tEvov"tab-avaxa-cŵvov"tab ava.xa-rEUÉvoS-avaua-rwuÉv-os,-n,-o 'EXETE ava~á.i3EL OUOlf.O~o Épyo. You. have undertaken a difficult . b•
JO
mixing mixed (For examples see p. 50) Ava~a\li3ávw Va. n~llPwow EYŴ. I . assume the responsibility of
paying it myself.
-20-
-21-
avaTTvÉw - (l) - I breathe (The verb has only active voice)
avanauoga~ * (4, a deponent verb) - to rest
Subjunctive (with va, ó.av, y~a va Indicative Subjunctive (with yw va, va, ÓTaV, etc.)
Indicative
I rest etc.) P. I breathe
P.
o.vanauo1J,a~ avanaUÓ1J,a01:8 P. avanaóo1J,a~ - that I may be avaTTvÉw avaTTvÉollE P. avaTTvÉw - that I may be
o.vanaU80a~ avanaUE01:8 resting avaTTvÉ ElS' avaTTvÉETE breathing
avanaU81:a~ avanaUov1:a~ P.S.avanau-5w - that I may rest avaTTvÉEl avaTTvÉouv
P.S. avaTTvEv<JU) - that I may
P.C. I was resting Pr.PÉXw o..vanau-5EL - that I may
have rested breathe
avanauó1J,ouv avanauÓ1J,a01:E P.C. I was breathing
avanauóoouv avanaUÓOa01:E aváTTvEa avaTTvÉallE Pr.P.
Imperative Éxw avaTTvEvo-Et - that I may have
avanauó.av avanauov.av aváTTvEES' avaTTvÉaTE
i I ~-avanauou - be resting (sing.) breathed
aváTTvEE aváTTvEav
P. S. I rested
avanau-5nxa avanau-5nxaw:; avanauEO.E- be resting (pl.) Infinitive - va avaTTvÉEl - to be
avanau-5nXE(; avanau-5nxaLE P.S. I breathed breathing
avanau-5nxE avanau-5nxav p.S.avanauoou- rest (sing.) avá TTVEU o-a avaTTvEV o-a llE va avaTTvEvO-Et - to breathe
aváTTvEuO-ES' avaTTvEvo-aTE
F. C. I shall be resting avanau-5E ~·.E- res t (p 1. ) aváTTvEuO-E aváTTvEuo-av
-50. avanauo1J,a~ -5a avanaUÓ1J,ao.E Participle - avaTTvÉovTaS' - breathing
-5a avanauEoa~ -50. avanaUE01:E Infinitive F.C. I shall be breathing
-50. avanauE.a~ -50. avanauov.a~ Ba avaTTvÉw Ba avaTTvÉou llE
P.S.va avanau-5EL - to rest
Ba avaTTvÉElS' Ba avaTTvÉETE
F. S. I shall rest Ba avaTTvÉEt Ba avaTTvÉouv
-50. avanau&ui -5a avanau-5oD1J,E
&0. o..vanau-5EC(; -5a avanau&EL.E Participle F.S. I shall breathe
aa avanau&EL -5a avanau-500v Ba avaTTvEvo-w
avanau1J,Év-o(;,-n,-O - rested Ba avaTTvEvo-oU llE
Ba avaTTvEvo-EtS' Ba avaTTvEvO-ETE
Pr.P. I have r eis t e d Ba avaTTvEvo-Et Ba avaTTvEvo-oUV
t:Xw avanci'u-5Et:
ÉXE~(; ..• etc. Pr. P. I have breathed
Éxw avaTTvEvo-Et
P.P. ELxa avanau-5EL - I had rested É XElS' avaTTvEu o-Et
E CXE(; .•• etc. ÉXEt ... . etc.
F.P. -50. ixw avanau-5EL - I shall
P.P. dxa avaTTvEvo-Et - I had breathed
have rested
F.P. Ba Éxw avaTTvEvO-Et - I shall have
breathed
Examples:
AvaTTvÉEl O-l yá-O-l yá. - He breathes slowly.
To vTjTTlO avaTTvÉEt TToAv ypTjyopa. - The infant breathes quickly.
Avanau-rnxa ana .n· boUi\.ELU uou , I rested from my work. AvaTTvEvo-allE TOV KaBapó aÉpa TnS' - We breathed the pure country air.
IIÓ-rE avanauEoaL; vJhen do you rest? E~OXTjS'.
~EV ÉXO].lE ŵpa va avanau.oU].lE. We do not have time to rest.
Avcrrtc.ó r nx e (anó.n Cwri). (He took leave from life): he died. ea avaTTvEvo-oUIlE TOV aÉpa TnS' - We shall breathe the sea air.
BáAao-o-a:;
Ká6E ].lÉpa avanaUo].laL -ro ].lEOn].lEpL.Every day I rest at noon.
'ETTal+sE va avaTTvÉEt. He stopped breathing.
e-rb-:- -- _- -- _ - _---~---
-*-1 h e v e -;:. bo~ e II r sais-o~ s-a~tran s Tt i V"e ~v
SUBJUNCTIVE
.§.~!D.J:l.les : P. u.va~Épw-that I may be referringava~Ép01-LaL- that I may be referred
Day and night he (she)sighs. PoS. ava~ÉPU) -that I may refer ava~spaw-that I may be referred
AvaoTsvá.~sL uEpa-vuxTa. Pr.P. Éxw ava~ÉpsL -that I may have €XW ava~sp&sl -that I may have been
He sighed deeply.
AvaoTÉ:va~s Saase&. She (he) has so many troubles that referred referred
ELXS Tóoa TIOAA& S&oava WaTs o.va- IMPERATIVE
she was continuously sighing.
oTÉva(;;s ouvsxws. P. ává.~sps -be referring(sing.-)---a.va~ÉPOu -be referred (sing.)
reaTe avaoTsvá.(;;SLs; Why are you sighing?
ava~ÉpsTs-be referring(pl.) o.va~Épvscr-cs - be referred (pl.)
P. S. avá.~sps - refer (sing.) a.va~Ép&ou - be referred (sing.)
-24- u.va~Épsn; - refer (pI.) avmpsp&sLTS- be referred (pI.)
INFINITIVE
P. S o
va. ava~ÉpsL - to refer va ava~sp&sC - to be referred
PARTICIPLE
ava~£P1-LÉv-oG~-n/-o - referred
(For examples see p.Sl)
-2S-
avnKW (1) - to belong; to be property of
aVEBaGvw-(l, intransitive) - to ascend; to mount; to rise;
to go up (the verb has no passive voice) an intransitive verb with no passive voice
Subjunctive (with va, yLa va, Indicative Subj unc t ive (with va, YLa va,
Indicative P. I belong
óeavetc.) óTav etc.)
P. I go up avrpiw dVnXOl.l.E P. av!iliw -that I may be belong
aVEi3atvOl.l.E P. aVE!3~{vW - that I may be
aVEj3atvw aVnXE~(;; avnliETE ing
ave;j3aGvE~(;; ave:i3alvscE going up
P.S. aVEi3w - that I may go up avnxE~ avnxouv P.S. av!ixw - that I may belong
aVEj3alve;~ aVEi3atvouv
P.C. ~ was belonging, I belonged Pr.P. Ëxw avnliE~ - that I may have
I was going up Pr.P. 8XW aVE!3EL - that I may have
P.C. P. S. ávnlia aVnlial.l.E belonged
ave:j3atval.l.E gone up
avÉj3a~va dvnliE(;; avnliacE
avÉ!3a~VE(;; aVEj3aCvm:E áVnXE u.VrjliaV
avÉi3a~vE avÉi3a~vav Imperative_
F.C. I shall be belonging, I shall
P. S. I went up be going up (sing.) F. S. &0. avnxw &0. aVnliOl.l.E belong P. and
avÉ !3nxa aVEi3nxal.l.E P.
&0. aVnliE~(;; OO o,vnliEcE
avÉi3nXE(;; aVEi3nxacE &0. á.vnXE~ OO aVnliOUV P.S. dvnxE-
aVE!3atvEcE - be going up (pl.) be belonging
avÉBnXE avÉ!3nxav
belong (sing.
(sing.) Pr.P. I have belonged be belonging
I shall be going up P.S. avÉ!3a - go up
F. C. txw avnliE~ ~XOl.l.E avnliE~ belong (pI.)
&0. aVEj3aCvw &0. aVE!3aCVOl.l.E ÉXE~(;; ~vnliE~ ÉXEcE avnliE~
&a aVEeatvE~(;; &a aVEeaCvEcE É:XE~ avnliE~ Éxouv á.VnliE~ Infinitive
60. aVE!3atvE~ &0. ave:!3atvouv
Infinitjve P.P. I.had belonged Pr. and
F. S. I shall go up ELxa avnxE~
OO aVE!3w &0. aVE!3oUl.l.E ELXE(;; ..• etc.
P.S. va aVE!3EL - to go up P. S. ve; avnHE ~- to belong
&0. aVE ed (;; &0. aVEj3ECce:
&0. aVEeE~ &0. aVE[:)O\)\I F. P. &0. txw avnliE~ - I shall have
\ belonged
Pr.P. I have gone up Participle
É:xw aVE-BEi. Participle
É:XE~(;; ••. etc. avnxovTas -belonging
aVEeatvoVca(;; - going up
P.P. E~xa ave:BEC - I had gone up
-26-
_ ( as a transitive verb)- to disturb; to trouble fivotyw (1) - to o.p e n
avnouxW (3)
(as an intransitive·verb)· to trouble; to worry;
Active Voice, Indicative J>a.~~ive V\)i~, Indicative
to concern oneself P. I open L ~~ bein~ opened--------
",A::_:C:._t=v__.;;.e_V_o=-l_·
-l: c_. ~c_e-,!,--I_n,--,-d_i;_c_'
a=-t_::.i_v_;_e J> a s !3 i y e: Vo i ce! Ind i cat iv e avo t yw u,VO(YOl-LE U.VQ~yOl-LU.L u.vOtyÓUU.OLE
I worry I am being troubled
P. aVOLYE~!;; aVOLYELE; avo~yEOU.~ aVOtYEGl:E
avncuXw avnCuXOUl-LE avncux~tl-LaL avncuX~Ól-LaCl:E avoCYEL avoCyouv avoCYE"t"al aVOtYOVLa~
avncuXEt!;; u.vnCUXE~l:E avncux~ÉCu.~. avncux~ÉCl:E
avncuXEL avncuxouv aVnC\.lXLÉl:q;~ d.vnCUX~ouvl:a~ P. C. I was opening I was being opened
I was being troubled ávo~ya avo {yal_LE aVO~YÓl_Louv avolyÓl_Lao.E
P.C. I was worrying aVO~YE!;; avoLyaLE U.VOLYÓOO\.lV U,volyÓcao.E
o.vncuXoóca avncuXOUCal-LE o.vnCUXÓl-LOUV avncuXÓl-Lac"t"E
avncuxÓCOuv avncuXÓcac"t"E áVO~YE ávoLyav avo LYÓ"t"av u.VOtyovLaV
o.vncux06CE!;; avncUXOUCal:E avnc\.lXó"t"av
avncuXoUCE avncuXoucav avncuXÓTav
P.S. I opened I was opened
I was troubled á.vo~!;a aVOL!;al_LE aVO ~ XTl)xa aVO ~XLfp.!.al-LE
P.S. I worried avn.cux';{Jnxa avncuxn{J,;xal-LE Ó.VO~!;E!;; avoC!;aLE avo LX"t"l)XEG avo LX"t",;xaLE
avncóxnca avnCUxnCal-LE á.VO~!;E ó.voL!;av uVOCxLnXE avo LXLnxav
avncUX';Cal:E avncuX,;{JnXE!;; o.vncuXn{Jnxa"t"E
avncóxnCE!;; o.vncuxn{JnXE o.vncuxn{JnXo.v
o.vnCuxnCE o.vncuXncav F.C. I shall be opening I shall be opened
I shall be troubled {ta «vo t vco aa aVOLYOl_LE : aVO~YOl_LaL {Ju cvo rvóuco-cc
F. C. I shall be worrying {Jo. avncux~Él-Lo.~ {Jo. o.vncux~Ól_Lac"t"E {Jo. aVOLYEL!;; oo a.VOLYE"t"E avo;YEcal OO avol.YEo"t"E
{Jo. avncuXw OO avncuxmJl-LE
OO o.vncux~Ëca~ OO avncux~ÉC"t"E aU. aVOLYE~ aU. aVOLYOuV {Ju avo~YELa~ {tu. U.VoLyov"t"at
{jo. avncuXEG!;; {Jo. avncuXEL"CE
{Jo. avncux06v {Jo. o.vncux~É"t"aL {Jo. avnoux~ouv"t"a~
{Jo.. o..VnCUXEL F. S. I shall open I shall be opened
I shall be troubled OO QVaL!;w aa avo L !;Ol_LE aU. aVOLX"t"w {Jo. aVOLX"t"OUl-LE
F. S. I shall worry OO avncuxnaw {Jo. avncux.n{JOUUE {Jo. a.VOLr;E~!;; OO avoC!;ELE &0. aVOLX"t"EC!;; aU. o,VOLX"t"EL"t"E
{Jo. avncuxncw {Jo. avnCUxnCOl-LE {Jo. aVOL!;E~ oo aVOL!;OuV {tu. aVO~X"t"EL OO aVOLXLOUV
{Jo. avncuxn{JE(.!;; {tu. avncuxnaE L n:
aa avncUxnCE~!;; OO avnCUxnCEl:E
OO u.vncuxncouv ad. avncuxn{JEt {Jo. avncuxn{JOuv
{Jo. avncuxnCE~ Pr.P. I have opened I have been opened
.1 I have been troubled ~xw avoL!;E~ É:xw avoLX"t"éL
Pr.P. I have worried 8XELG ••• etc. tXEL!;; .... etc.
éxw avncuX';CE~ Éxw avncuxn{JEl,
tXE~!;; ••• etc. éXEL!;; •••• P.P.
I •
ELxa avoL!;E~-I had open- ELxa aVOLXLEL-I had been opened
ELxa avncuXnCE~ - I had worried Etxa avnCuxnaé~ -I had been troubled ed etc.
P.P. etc. troubled F.P. aa. Éxw avoL!;E~-I shall &0. Éxw avoLXLcL-I shall have
etc. have opened etc. been opened
{Ja Éxw avncuxnCE~-I shall have aa Éxw avncuxn{JEL- I shall have
worried been troubled
etc.
SUBJUNCTIVE
(wi th vu.~u.-vu., ro.v e t c . )
é
J SUBJUNCTIVE P. aVOLYw - that I may be
avncuxw-that I may be worrying avncuX~Él_LaL - that I may be worried aVOLYOl_LaL - that I may be opened
P. openi,ng .
P. S. avnouxncw -that I may worry avncuxn{Jc.S - that I may be worried P. S. avoL!;w - that I may open that I may be opened
Éxw avncuxnCE~-that I may have Éxw avncuxn{JE~-that I may have been
worried worried Pr.P. Éxw avoC!;EL-that I may É:xw UVOLXLE'L- that I may have been
IMPERATIVE
have opened opened
P. avncuxa- be worrying (sing.) , IMpERATIVE
avncuXEL"t"E -be worrying (pl.) 1;'. u.VO~YE-be opening (sing.) avo{you - be o en .
avncuxncE -worry (sing.) avncuX,;{JOu - be worried (sing.) aVOLYE"t"E-be opening (pl ) , p ed (slng.)
d.vnCuXnC"t"E- worry (pl.) avncuxn&ELLE - be worried (pl.) á.VOL!::E ( . . avoqEcLE- be opened (pl )
s -open slng. d.vo{X . .
avoLE.ELE _ open Cp L, ) "t"°Y - be opened (sing.)
INFINITIVE . • avoLXLELTE- be opened (p L, )
va avncuxnCE~ - to worry va avncuxn&EL - to be worried INFI.NITIVE
va avoL!;EL - to open va aVOLXl:Et - to be opened
- worrying avncux~cl_LÉv-O!;;,-n,-O - worried
PARTICIPLE
(For examples see p. 51)
aVOLYOVLa!;; -opening (l.VOLYl_LÉV-OG,-n,-o - opened
-28- -29- (For examples see p. 51)
av.Éxw (1, intransitive, no passive voice); to endure; to hold out aVHypá<pw (1) to copy; (secondary meaning) to imitate
to resist; to withstand; to bear; to hold one's ground
Active Voice, Indicative Pas$ive Voice, Indicative
P. I copy I am being cop~-----
Indicative Subjunctive (with va, yLa va
ó-ravetc.) aVLLYpácpw av r LY páCPOl1E aVLLypácpol1aL aVTLypacpÓl1aOTE
P. I endure
P. a'v-rÉXw - that I may be enduring aVTLypácpEL~ aVLLypáCPETE aVTl.ypáq:>EoaL a\)TLypácpEOTE
av.Éxw av.ÉXOl1E
aVTLypácpEL aVT LY pácpouv aVLLypáCPELaL aVTLypácpo\)TaL
av.ÉXEL~ av.ÉXE-rE
av.ÉXEL a.v-rÉXouv P.S. aVTÉ~w - that I may endure
P. C. I was copying I was being copied
Pr.P.Éxw aVTÉ~EL - that I may have aV1:Éypacpa aVLEypácpal1E aVTLypacpÓ110u\) a\)LLypacpÓl1ao-rE
P.C. I was enduring
endured aV1:typaCPE~ aVTEypácpa1:E a\)TLypacpooou\) aVTLypacpóoaoTE
á\)1:Exa a\)1:Exal1E
aV1:ÉypacpE av-rÉypacpav aVLLypacpóTa\) a\)Ll.ypácpo\)LaV
áV1:EXE~ aVTÉxaLE
áVTEXE á\)TExa\) Imperative
P.S. I copied I was copied
I endured P. dVTEXE - be enduring (sing.) aV1:Éypa\(Ja aVTEypá\(Jal1E crv r Lypácpnrxa aVT L ypa(p1:r1}(.al1E
P. S.
aV1:ÉypmVE~ aV1:EypáL!Ja1:E aV1: LYPácp-rllxE~ a\)1: L ypacp1:r1}(.aTE
á.\)TE~a u.VTÉ~al1E
aV1:ÉXETE -be enduring (pl.) av-dypa\(JE aV1:ÉypaL!Jav 0.\)1: L ypá(P1:11}(.E a\)1: Lypácp1:11}(.av
á\)TE~E~ aVTE~a1:E
á.\)1:E~E á.vTE~a\)
F. C. I shall be copying I shall be copied
P.S. â\)TE~E - endure (sing.) OO aVTLypácpw 00. aV1:Lypácpol1E 00. aV1:LYpáq:>Ol1aL 00. aV1:LYpmpÓl1aOTE
F.C. I shall be enduring
0J aV1:Éxol1E OO aV1:LypácpEL~ 00. a\)TLypácpE-rE OO aV1:LypáCPEoaL 00. a\)1:LypácpE01:E
00. a\)TÉxw
aVTÉ~E1:E - endure (plo) OO aV1:LypácpEL 00. aV1:Lypácpouv 00. aVL LYpácpELaL 00. aV1: L ypácpOV1:aL
OO aVTÉXEL~ 00. aV1:EXE1:E
00. a\)TEXEL OO a\)1:Éxou\)
F. S. I shall copy I shall be copied
00. aV1:LYpáL!Jw 00. aV1:LypáL!Jol1E 00. o,vTqpacpc0 OO aVTLYpmpOUl1E
F. S. I shall endure
00. aVHypáL!JEL~ 00. av r LYpáL!JETE 00. o.vTLypacpE~s 00. aVTLypacpEL1:E
00. aVTÉ~w 0a aV1:É~ol1E
P.S. \)0. aVTÉ~EL - to endure 00. aV1:LypáL!JEL 00. o.VTLypáL!Jouv OO aV1:LypaCPEL 00. aV1:Lypacpouv
30. a\)1:~S;EL~ OO a\)TÉ~ETE
00. aVTE~EL 00. aVTÉ~OU\)
Pr.P. I have copied I have been copied
€XW ccv r t YPáL!JE L ~xw ccvr i ypacpd
Pr.P. I have endured
8XELl;;; .•• etc. EXEL~ ••• etc.
£Xw av-i~É~€L
~XEL~ ••• etc. Participle f I
P. P. ELxa aVTLypáL!JEL - I had copied ELxa aV1:LypacpEt- I had been copi-
a\)1:ÉXOV1:a~ - enduring etc. etc. fed
P. P. ELxa a\)1:É~EL-I had endured
F.P. 00. Éxw aVTLypáL!JEL - I shall have OO 8XW aV1:Lypaq:>EL - I shall have
copied etc. been copied
F.P. OO EXW aV1:É~EL - I shall
have endured
SUBJUNCTIVE
(with \)0., yLa va, óTav etc.)
P. aV1:Lypácpw- that I may be copying aV1:Lypáwol1aL-that I may be copied
Examples:
P. S. a\)1:LypáL!Jw -that I may copy aVTLypacpw- that I may be copied
Av-rÉxw -ro upuo (a\)-rÉxw o-ro I can endure (take) cold weather.
upuo. Pr.P. Éxw aVTLypáL!JEL -that I may have €XW aV1:LypaCPE~ -that I may have
Av-rÉXEL rou~ xórrou~. He can endure pain (toil). been copied
copied
TO rraLoC o~v â\)-rE~E Tn\) rrECva The child could not endure hunger
IMPERATIVE
uaL rrÉ0avE. and died.
P. o.V1:Lypaq:>E- be copying (sing.) aV1:LYpácpou- be copied (sing.)
o áYLO~ aVTÉXEL OTOV rrELpa The saint resists temptation. a\)1:LYpá(PE1:E -be copying (plo) aVTLYpácpE01:E - be copied (plo)
Ol1ó. a\)LLypaL!JE - copy (sing.) aVTLYpácp1:ou - be copied (sing.)
AVTÉXEL n 1:0Érrn TOU. He is rich. (Lit. his pocket can o.\)1:LypáL!JELE +c o p y (plo) avnypaCPLtLLE - be copied (p L, )
endure) .
To rrá.TWl1a aVTÉXEL. The floor is strong.
INFINITIVE
lI'E\) a\)TÉXw rt e t c . I cannot take it anymore.
'AVTE~E aUOl1a ÂCyo. Endure a li t tle more. (He, she en vo; avn YPáL!JE L _ toc o P y vc a v 1: L Y pacpE L - to bec o p i e d
dured a little more.) PARTICIPLE
---------
aVTLypal1l1É\)-O~,-t'),-o -copied
-30- (For examples see p. St)
-31-
to stand opposite; to be situated (4, deponent verb) - to perceive; to understand
aVTLXpÓ~W (1) - to face;
opposite ( The verb has no passive)
Indicative .Subjunctive
P. I perceive
Indicative aVTLAa].l~ávo].laL aVTLAa]J.Bavó]J.aOTE P. aVTLAa].l~ávo].laL-that I
P. I face uVTLAa]J.i3ávEoaL aVTLAa]J.~ávEOTE
aVTLXpó[;:W aVTLXPÓ?;;:O].lE P. aVT~xpótw - that I may be may be perceiving
facing aVTLAa].li3ávETaL aVTLAa]J.~ávovTaL P.S. aVTLAnCPT~ -that I may
aV1:LXPó(;;EL~ rrvr L XPÓ?;;:S-rE
aV1:LXPó(;;EL cv'r LXPÔ(;;01JV P.S. aVTLXpóO.W - that I may face perceive
P.C. I was perceiving pr.P.Éxw áVTLAnCPTE{ -that I
Pr.P. €XW aVTLKpóOEL - that I á.V1:LAa].l~avó]J.ouv aVTLAa]J.~aVÓ]J.aOTE have perceived
P.C. I was facing aVTLAa].li3avóoouv
av-rLxpóta]J.E may have faced aVTLAa]J.~ávEoTE
aVl:LXpu?;;:a aVTLAa].l~aVóTav
aVl:LXpó?;;:aTE aVTLAa].l~ávovTav Imperative
c:x.Vl:LXpU(;;E~
á.Vl:CXputE av-rLxputav
P. S. I perceived P. aVTLAa]J.!3ávou - be per-
Imperative aVT'4.Ancp1:nXa aVTLAncp1:nXa].lE ceiving (sing.)
P.S. I faced
aVTLXPÓoa]J.E o.VTLAnCPTnXE~ aVTLAnCPTnxaTE aVTLAa]J.~ávEOTE -per
aVTLxpuoa aVTLAncp1:nXE
aVTLXPóoaTE P. aVTLxputE - be facing(sing.) aVTLAnCPTnxav ceive (pl.)
CWT L XpUOE~
aVTLxpuoav P.S. aVTLAnCPTou-perceive
a.V1:LXPUOE F. C. I shall be perceiving (sing.)
aV1:LXputE1:E-be facing (pI. )
&0. aVTLAa].l~ávo]J.aL &á aVTLAa]J.~av6]J.aoTE aVTLAnCPT~LTE - per
F.C. I shall be facing &0. aVTLAa]J.~ávEoaL &0. aVTLAa]J.~ávEoTE ceive (pl.)
&0. aVTLXPÓ(;;W &a aVTLXPÓ(;;O]J.E &0. aVTLAa].l~ávETaL &0. aVTLAa].l~ávov1:aL Infinitive
&0. aV1:LXPÓ?;;:EL~ &a aVTLXPÓ(;;ETE P.S. aVTLxpuOE -face (sing.)
&0. aVTLxpótEL &a aVTLxpôtouv F.S. I shall perceive P.S. va aVTLAnCPTEC - to per
aVTLXPÓOETE - face (pl.)
&0. aVTLAncpl:c1 &0. aV1:LAnCPTOU]J.E ceive
F. S. I shall face aU. aVTLAnCPTEL~ &0. CWT L AnCPTE e TE
&a aVTLXpóOW aa. aVTLxpÓOO].lE
aU. aVTLAnCPTEL &a aVTLAnCPTOUV
ad. aVTLxpÓOEL~ &0. UVTLXPÓOETE Inf1.nltive
&0. aVTLxpÓOEL &0. CWT L XPÓOOUV
P.S. va aV1:LXpÓOEL - to face Pr.P. I have perceived Partici12le
Pr.P. I have £aced
É:xw aVTLAnCPTE e
É;XEL~ .•• etc. aVTLAa]J.~aVÓ]J.EV-O~,-n,-O
ÉXW crvr L:XPÓOE L
perceiving
ÉXEL~ •••• etc. P.P. Etxa aVTLAn<.OTEL- I had perceived
ELxa UV1:LXPÓOEL-I had faced Participle
P.P. F.P. &a txw aVTLAnCPTEL - I shall have
aVTLxpÓ(;;OVTa;~ - facing perceived
F.P. &a 8XW aVTLXPÓOEL -I shall have
faced
Examples:
nóoo aE e ~.E ~ mHO TO i3 L e A.[ O; How much does this book cost? F.S. I shall prohibit I shall be prohibited
How much is this book worth? ~a anayopÉlIJw ~a anayopÉlIJo~E ~a anayopEuTW ~a anayopEuToU~E
~EV aEC6EL TOV xóno. It is not worthwhile. ~ anayopÉlIJELG ~a anayop~lIJETE ~a anayopEuTELG ~a anaYOPEUTELTE
AUTO TO on~TL aEe~EL nEVTaxOOLEG This house costs (is worth) five ~ anayopÉlIJE~ ~ anayopËlIJouv ~ anayopEuTEL ~a anayopEuToUV
XLAL&6EG 6pax~É~. hundred thousand drachmas. .
AUTOG O YLaTpoG 6sv aEl6€L TCno- This doctor is good for noth~ng. Pr.P. I have prohibited I have been prohibited
Ta.
.
,. ÉXW anayop~lIJEL ixw anayopEuTE L-
~EV aEC~E~ TOV xono vu. naG. It is not worthwhile for you to go. C:XE LG ••• etc. ÉXELG ••..• etc.
nOOO ~ aEC6EL aUTO TO aUTOXC How much will this car cost in
VnTO aE DUO Xpov~a; two years time? P.P. E~xa á.nayoPÉlIJEL - I had pro ECxa anayoPEUTE~' - I had been
hibited prohibited
F.P. ~ Éxw anayopÉlIJEL- I shall ~ Éxw anayoPEuTE~ - I shall have
have prohibited been prohibited
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. u.naYOPEUw= that I may be prohib- anaYOPEuO~aL - that I may be pro-
iting hibited
P. S. anayopËlIJw - that I may prohibit anayopEuTW - that I may be pro
hibited
Pr.P. 8XW anayoPÉlIJEL - that I may have EXW anayoPEuTEL - that I may have
prohibited been prohibited
IMPERATIVE
P. anaYÓPEuE-be prohibiting (sing.) anayoPEuou-be prohibited (sing.)
anayopEuETE -be prohibiting (pl.)anayoPEUEOTE - be prohibited (pl.)
anayóPElIJE - prohibit (sing. anayopËlIJou - be prohibited (sing.)
a.nayopÉlIJETE - prohibit (pI.) anayopEUTE LOTE-be prohibited (pI.)
INFINITIVE
-34- va. anayopËlIJEL - to prohibit va anayoPEuTE~ - to be prohibited
PARTICIPLE
anaYOPEuovTaG - prohibiting anayopEu~~V-OG,-n,-o -prohibited
-35- (For examples see p , 52)
to demand; to claim; to require; to ask; to lay anav.w (2) - to answer; to reply; to meet someone
claim to
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
P. I answer I am being met
Indicative a.nav"t"w
I demand Subjunctive (with vc , YLa va., rrrv ó anaV"t"LÉlJ,aL anaVTLOlJ,aOTE
P. anav.áG,
urtc.t, .w a.na.L"t"oUlJ,E
P.
r e tc. )
a.na.L"t"w - that I may be de- anav.a anav"t"ouv
I
anav"t"LÉoaL
anavTLÉTaL
ana.vTLÉo"t"E
a.nav"t"LOUV"t"a.L
,
a.na.L"t"E~G a.na.L"t"EL"t"E
a.na.L.EL
I
a.na.L"t"OUV manding
P.S. a.na.L"t"nOW - that I may demand P.C. I was answering I was being met
I was demanding a.naVTOuOa. ana.v"t"ouOalJ,E anaVTLÓlJ,OUV anaVTLÓlJ,aOTE
P. C. anaVTOÓOEG anaVTouOa"t"E
a.na.L"t"OUOa. a.na.L"t"ouoa.lJ,E Pr.P.~xW anaL"t"noEL- that I may have anav"t" LÓOOUV anav"t"LóoaO"t"E
a.naL"t"ouOEG anaL"t"ouoa"t"E demanded anaVTOUOE anav"t"ouoav a.nav"t"LóTav anav"t"LÓVTav
anaL "t"000E anaL "t"ouoav P. S. I answered
Imperative I was met
anáv"t"noa. a.naVTnOalJ,E a.nav"t"f){lnxa anavTn{lf)xalJ,E
P.S. I demanded anáv"t"noEG
anaL "t"f)oalJ,E P. anat"t"a - be demanding(sing.) anaVT~oaTE anav"t"n{lTjXEG anav"t"Tj{lnxaTE
anaC"t"noa anáVTnoE anáv.noav
anaC"t"noEG anaL "t"noa"t"E anavTn{lnxE anav "t"n{lTjxav
anaC"t"noav anaL"t"á"t"E -be demanding (pl.)
anaC"t"noE F.C. I shall be answering I shall be met
P.S. a.naC"t"noE -demand (sing.) {Ja. anavn.j OO anaVTOUlJ,E {la. anaV"t"LÉlJ,aL {la anaVTLÓlJ,aOTE
F.C. I shall be dpmanding OO anaVTaG
\:}O. anaL"t"o0lJ,E
fu anaV"t"á."t"E OO anavTLÉoaL OO anaV"t"LÉOTE
fu arto;L "t" Ŵ OO anavTá
anaL"tno"t£ - demand (pl.) OO a.nav"t"ouv OO anavTLÉTaL {la anaV"t"LOt)VTaL
{Ja. a.naL"t"E[G fu anaL"t"EL"t"E
aa. a.naL LE>~ fu anaL"t"OÓV F. S. I shall answer I shall be met
Infinitive
F. S. I shall demand P.S. vo. anaL"t"nOEL - to demand
oo anaVTnow fu anav"t"nOOlJ,E OO anav"t"n{lw {la anaVTTj{loUlJ,E
{lo. anaL"t"f)oOlJ,E {Jo. a.naVTnOELG {la o.nav"t"Ý}OE"t"E fu o.naVTTj{lELG &0. anaVTTj&EL"t"E
{Jo. anaL"t"now
fu anaL"t"f)oE"t"E {la anaVTnOEL fu anaVTnoouV {Jo. anavTn{lEL fu anav"t"n&oov
OO anaL"t"noELG
OO anaL"t"nOEL OO anaL"t"noouV
Pr.P. I have answered I have been met
I I
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. anav"t"w- that I may be answering cncv r c éucu ~ t h at r Illa)' be met
Examples:
P. S. anavTnow - that I may answer anaVTTj&w;:;that I m ay .b e met
AnaL"t"w "t"0 6£xaLó ]..Lou. I claim my right.
AnaC"t"nOE lJ,Eya\u"t"Epo lJ,Lo{l6. He demanded a higher salary.
Pr.P. e!xw anav"t"noe:L -that I may e:xw anav"t"n&El. - that I may have been
O áppwo"t"OG a.naL"t"E e
nOUxLa .• The sick man demands quiet.
have answered IMPERATIVE met
Au"t"Ó "t"0 "t"aEC6L anaL"t"EL 6uo This trip requires two hours.
WPEG. P. anáv.a_ be answering(sing.)
AnaL"t"EL au"t"ó "t"0 onC"t"L. He lays claim to this house.
He has asked them for an answer. o.nav.chE - be answering Cp L, ) ortcvr c éo-ce - be met (p L, )
'EXEL anaL"t"f)oEL va "t"ou anav"t"n P. S. u.náV"t"nOE-answer (sing.) dnavTl;-é1oy - be met (s;ing.
oouv. anaV"t"1'\O"t"E - answer Cp L, ) anaV"t"Tj{lEL"t"e:- be answered Cp L, )
INFINITIVE
to answer va anav"t"Tj&e:L to be met
-36-
PARTICIPLE
ana.vn:rlJ.l~v-oG, -n, -o - me t
~or examples see p. 52)
- 37-
aTTAWVW - (1) - to spread; to spread out; to stretch out a.no)J.~vw (1, intransitive, no passive voice)
to be left; to remain
I shall be spreading I shall be spread F.C. I shall be left P.S. anó)J.ELvE - be left (sing.)
F.C.
ea aTTAwvw ea aTTAwvou jlE ea aTTAWVOjlal ea aTTAWVÓ fWO-TE oo ano)J.~vw {Ja anO)J.~VO)J.E
ea aTTAWVEo-al ea aTTAWV€O-T€ oo mW)J.~VELG {Ja ano)J.~vETE
ea aTTAWVElS' ea aTTAWVETE anO)J.ELVETE - be left (pl.)
ea aTTAWVEl ea aTTAWVOUV ea aTTAWVETal ea aTTAwvovTal oo aTW)J.~VE; L {Ja ano)J.€VODV
I have !onstituted I have been composed Pr.P. I have decided I have been decided
Pr.P.
éxw ano-CEAÉoE~ €XW anoTEAEo-CEt Éxw anocpaaCoEL €XW o.no~o~oLE~
É:XE~G.... etc. ~XE~G •.. etc. 8X£~G ... etc. (XE~G... etc.
I I I
P.P. I had con- EGxa anoTEAEo.El - I had been P.P. ELxa ano~oCoE~-I had decided E~xa ano~o~oTEl-I had been
stituted composed decided
F.P. 3a txw ano.EAÉoE~ - I shall OO É:xw anoLEAEon; e - I shall have F.P. 30. ixw ano~aoLoE~ - I shall 30. tÁw anO~O~01:E( - I shall have
have constituted been composed have decided been decided
PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE
ano~aoC~ovTaG deciding ----d.n')~o~01J.ÉV-Ob ,-n, -o -deciden
anOTEAwvTaG -constituting I.l.no-CEAOÓ1J.EV-Ob,-n,-o -composed of
(For examples see p. 52) -41- (For examples see p. 53)
-40-
I
anOXHD (2) - to acquire; to obtain; to get; to attain
(1, only in the active voice) to avoid; to keep clear
of; to shun; to escape
Active Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative
Subjunctive I acquire I am acquired, I am being acquired
Indicative
I avoid P. arrOXTtJ arroXTO\J !-lE urroxnÉ!-lal
P. P. anocpEUYw - that I may be arroXTáS' arroXTáTE
arroxnó !-lacrTE
anoCPEuyw a.nOCOEUY01J.E arroxnÉ cral arroxnÉ o r s
anocPEuYE1:E avoiding arroXTá arroXTOUv
anocpEuYELG anocpuyw - that I may avoid arroxnÉ Tal urroxnOUVTat
anocpEuYEL anoCPEuyoUV P.S.
P.C. I was acquiring I was being acquired
P r. P . Évw
~
anocpuYEL- that I may have
avoided urroXToucra arrOXT01J cra!-lE
P.c. arroxnó !-l0UV arroxnó !-lacrTE
arrOXTOU crES' arrOXTOU o c r e arroxnócrouv a rr oy-rt Ó o co r e
arroXToucrE arroXToucrav arroxnóTav
Imperative arroxnóvTav
P.S. I acquired I was acquired
P. anócpEuYE - be avoiding(sing.)
P.S. I avoided arróxn)CYa arroxnfcrU!-lE arroxnfElr]KU arroXTTjSrj'Ka!-lE
an6cpuya anocpUya1J.E arrÓXTTjcrES' arroXTrj'craTE arroXTrj'STjKES'
anocpUya1:E anoCPEuYE1:E-be avoiding (pl.) arrOXTTjSrj'KaTE
anócpuYEG arrÓXTTjcrE arrÓXTTjcrav arroXTrj'SllKE arroXTrj'STjKav
anócpuYE anócpuyav
P .. S anóCPuYE-avoid (sing.)
F.C. I shall be acquiring I shall be acquired
F.e. anocpUYE1:E - avoid (pl.) 8a arrOXTUJ Sa arrOXTOU!-lE Sa arroxnÉ !-lal Sa arroxnó !-lacrTE
Sa arroXTáS' Sa arroXTáTE Sa arrOXTtÉcral
Infinitive Sa arroxnócracrTE
Sa arroXTá Sa arroXTouv Sa arroxnÉTal Sa arroxnou VTal
va anocpuYEL - avoid
P.S.
F. S. I shall acquire I shall be acquired
F.S. I shall avoid Sa arroXTrj'crw Sa arrOXTrj'crou !-lE Sa arrOXTTjSW
&0. anOcoUY01J.E 8a arrOXTTjSoU!-lE
&0. anocpuyw Sa arrOXTrj' crElS' Sa arrOXTrj'crETE Sa arrOXTTjSElS'
&0. anocpuYE1:E Sa arroXTTj8d TE
&a. anocpuYELG Sa arrOXTrj' crEl Sa arrOXTrj'crouv Sa arroXTTjSd
&a a.nocpuyouv Sa arrOXTTjSoUV
&a. anocpUYEL
) Participle
Pr.P. I have acquired I have been acquired
Pr.P. I have avoided anocpEUyoV1:aG - avoiding Éxw arroXTrj'crEl Éxw arrOXTTjSEl
Éxw anocpUYEL ÉXElS' arroXTrj'crEl etc.
tXELG .•• etc. ÉXElS' arrOXTTjSEl " etc.
P.P. Elxa arroXTTlcrEl - I had acquired Elxa urroXTTjSd - I had been acquired
P.P. E~xa anocpuYEL - I had
avoided
F.P. Sa Éxw arroXTTlcrEl - I shall have acquired Sa Éxw arroXTTj8El - I shall have acquired
II F.P. &0. €XW anocpUYEL - I shall
have avoided
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. arroXTw - that I may be acquiring arroxnÉ !-lal - that I may be acquired
P.S. arroXTrj'crw - that I may acquire arroXTTj8w - that I may be acquired
Examples:
Pr.P. Éxw arroXT~crEl- that I may have acquired Éxw arrOXTTjSEl - that I may have been acquired
- 43 -
a.PX'~w
__ _ (1) t o b eg1n;
. to commence
a.pËa,w ( 4, intransitive) - to please
to be pleased (the verb does not occur i n the passive
a.pÉauo}.ta.~ (3) -to like; to take pleasure in; voice)
with; I am liked; I am pleasing
Indicative
}.tOU a.pÉaE~ (impersonal form) I like P. I begin
SUhjunctive(with va., y~a. va 6t"av
Passive Voice,Indicative a.PXL~W a.PX(1:0}.tE
Active Voice,Indicative a.PXL1:Et~ etc.)
I take pleasure in a.pxCCne: P. apv'tw -that I may be beginning
P. I am pleasing a.PXC1:EL a.pxC1:ouv
apÉaw apÉao}.tE a.pÉaKo}.ta.~ apEau6}.ta.acE
apÉaE~~ a.pÉaEcE apËOltEaa.~ a.pÉOltEa.E p.S. a.PX~,aw - that I may b egin
a.pÉOltE.a.~ a.pÉauov.a.~ P.C. ~ was beginning
a.pËaE~ apÉaouv C;px~1:a. a.PXL!:a.}.tE Pr.P.~xw a.pxLaEL- that I may have
P.C. ~PXLCE~ a.PXL~a.cE begun
P.C. & I was taking pleasure in a.PXLCE dpXL!:a.v
P.S. I was being pleasing, I pleased
a.pÉaa.}.tE a.PE0lt6}.touv a.pEau6}.ta.a.E Irripëra!_ive
ó.pEaa. a.PEau6aouv a.PEau6aa.a.E P. S. I began
ápEaE~ a.pÉaa.cE dpx~aa.
a.pE0lt6ca.v a.pÉauovca.v apxLaa.}.te: P. beginning (sing.)
ó.pEaE ó.pEaa.v ~PXLae:~ apxLaa.cE
a.PXLaE (.ipx~aa.v apxCtEt"E- be beginning (pl.)
F.C. & The other tenses are not
F.S. I shall be pleasing F.C. I shall be beginning
aa. a.pÉaw aa. a.pÉao}.tE common P.S. dpX~aE - begin (sing.)
aa. ctpxC1:w aa. a.PXL!:O}.tE
oo a.pÉaE~~ aa. a.pÉaE.E oo a.PXC1:e:L~ oo apxC1:Et"E
oo a.pÉaE~ oo a.pÉaouv Conjugation of gou âpÉaE~ aa a.PXC1:EL oo a.PXLCOUV
a.PXCGt"E (a.p'
, XLGETE ) - begin (pl.)
Participle -45-
AKOAOUSW
Wherever I go, he follows me:
M E aKOAOUeE{ érrou náw. They followed us for many miles,
'AVUljJE LO cpws. Iurn on the light.
, 'A
MaS' aKoAoUellO"av yw nOAAa iJ-l w. Ta ~wLa LOU 6po~ou áva~av vWPLs The street lights were turned on
Why do you follow me? ano~E.
lWT{ iJ-E aKOAOUeElS'; , early tonight.
A car has been following us for one hour Ta ~wLa LOU OnLLL01J ELVCtL ava~~E
'Eva aUToK{vllTO iJ-aS' aKOAOUeEl Yla iJ-la The lights of the house are on.
now. . va.
wpa. r ,
Follow this road (street) until you get
AKoAouellO"E aUTóv TOV ôpó uo, iJ-EXP\.S' ea ava~o~E ~wLLâ YLaLL xaVEL We will make a fire because it is
ÓTOU <j>TáO"ElS' O"TO O"XOAE{O.
to the school. xpuo. very cold.
Do you follow his words? . a ~LAOs ~ou áva~E anó LOV &u~o My friend became indignant when he
AKOAOUeElS' Ta AÓyW TOU; , LOU âLav áXOUOE La AOYLa nau EC
A second letter will follow our first heard what was said against him.
To rrporro iJ-aS' ypáiJ-iJ-a ea aKoAouellO"El Kal nw&nxav EvavLLOV TaU.
letter.
OEUTEpO. eu~waE TOOO nOAu WOTE TaU áva~E He was so angry that he struck him
~La. (slapped him.)
AKOUW 'Ava~av La aL~aLa TaU. (His blood boiled): He was very angry.
I hear you. I listen to you. . Avá~a~E La LOLyapa ~as ~a LOLE
L:E aKouw L:' aK01lw). We had lighted our cigarettes when
I do not hear (listen to) what you are saymg. EL6a~E Lnv EnLipa~~ ~ AnaYOpEuE we saw the sign "No Smoking" and we
D.EV aKouw Tl AES'.
r AKOUO"ES';
Did you hear? . TaL TO xanvLo~a"xaL Ta o(3~oa~E. put them out.
The children do not listen to their parents.
Ta".nalolá OEV aKouvE TOUS' yOVElS' TOUS'.
I heard what you said. (I was informed of .. ) avaYyEAAw
'AKouO"a Tl ElnfiS.
They do not hear well. .
D.EV aKououV KaAá. a rLavvns xaL n MapLa avaYYEL
Ris name is heard much. (He IS heard of.. ) John and Maria announced their
AUTÓS' aKou ETal noAu. Aav LOus uppa(3wvEs LOus. engagement.
Ris name is not heard anymore. (He is not heard
D.EV aKoUETal rn.d. a &ávaTOs LOU ITpoÉ6pou avayyÉA the President's death was announced
anymore.) . . &nXE npLV ~La wpa ana LO pa6LO
I do not hear anything of this kind, over the radio one hour ago.
AUTá OEV Ta aKOUW. cpWVO.
'", El'XE aKOUO"TEl The voice of the fatherland had been heard all H xuBÉvnan aváYYELAE Ó~L o MLV-
H <j>wvn TllS' naT~vaS' The government announced that the
0"' ÓAO TOV KÓO"iJ-0.
over the world. 6uvos nËpaOE. danger has passed.
a aKouETal The radio program is heard very well. TL ~XETE va ~as avaYYELAELE; What do you have to announce to us?
To paOl.O<j>wvlKOr npoypaiJ-iJ-
,
ynTó (TTl oo órto.) ••• ~VOL~E Ta aUTLá TOU. He opened his ears now he under-
:I[ Ta naLoLá o.vaxáTE~av Ta BLBA~a The children mixed up their books
and can not separate them. stands) .
TaUs xaL OEV unopoJv va TO. £E His last will will be opened tomorrow.
XWPLOOUV.
EnE LoTi TO xpaoL ELvaL ouvaTó Since the wine is strong we mix it
with water. o.v'[ L y pá~w
TO d.VaXaTŴvOUE UE VEpÓ.
Mn UE d.vaxaTEUETE as aUTn TnV unó- Do not get me involved in this
affair. AVTsypa~E OUO OEALOEs. He copied two pages. CCopy '"
6EOn· My friend interferes in other 6TO oLaywvLoUÓ aVTtypa~a anó TOV
O ~LAOs UOU avaxaTEDETE aE Gt- During the test I copied from my
peoples~ affairs. CPLAO UOU. friend.
VEs un06EOELs.
AvaxáTE~E TaUs AOyapLaoUODs TaU. He mixed up his calculations. Td. apxaCa ouyypáU]laTa aVTLypá The ancient literary works were copied
CDTnxav anó ]lOvaxous aTa ]lOvaOTn by monks in the monasteries of the
PLO. Tns AvaTOAns xaL Tns 6Uons. East and the West.
-50-
-51-
anO<paaL[W
Examples:
anaYOp€DW TL anO~aLa€~ va XáV€L~i What have you decided to do?
Ano~aaLaaj.J.€ va ~UYOj.J.€ aÓPLO. We have decided to leave tomorrow.
Anayop€U€LaL LO KeiTT.VLOj.J.a. Smoking is forbidden. No smoking. H Luxn LOU €LX€ a.no~aaLaL€L npLV His fate had been decided before the
O YLaLP6~ j.J.OU ÉX€L anayopË~€L The doctor has forbidden me to eat LTI bCxn. trial.
Va. LPWYW yAUKLaj.J.aLa. sweets. OL YLaLPOL LOV ano~eiaLaav. The doctors have no hope for him.
rLa €va ).J.nva Lwpa €X€L unayo Since a month ago the cars have been (He is a terminal patient).
p€UL€L aLâ. aULOKLvnLa va n€p forbidden to pass through this street. ELj.J.aL ano~aaLaj.J.ÉVO~ va xeivw aUL6 r am determined to do what r want.
voóv un6 a.uL6v LOV opój.J.o. nou 5ËAw.
~ou anayoP€uw vo, n€pv<k «nó r forbid you to pass through my yard.
Lnv aUAn uou .
anavLw
AneivLnaË j.J.ou. Answer me.
EÉP€L~ nOLóv aneivLnaa aLov op6- Do you know whom r met in the street O XUPLO~ xaL n xupLa AYY€ALOn A girl was born to Mr. and
j.J.0 anj.J.€pai Tov ~LAO j.J.a~ LOV today? Our friend Costas. anóXLnaav xOPLLaáxL. Hrs. Angelideb.
KŵoLa.
An6XLna€ ~UO naLoLei an6 Lnv He had two children from his first
ea anavLnaouv aLo ypeij.J.j.J.a j.J.a~ They will answer our letter tomorrow. npŴLn LOU yuvaLxa. wife.
a.0PLO. An6 aULn Ln OOUA€Lâ. 5u anoxLn We will obtain much money from this
AnavLn5nKaj.J.€ nOAAÉ~ ~opÉ~ aLo We met many times on the bus. aouj.J.€ nOAAei xpnj.J.aLa. job.
A€~OP€~o. TL anÓXLna€ aLnv ~Wni What did he attain in life?
~a~ ~xoj.J.€ anaVLna€L. We have answered you. AnóXLna€ ~nj.J.n xaAOU baaxeiAou. He became famous as a good teacher.
Tov anávLnaa Keinou. r met him at some place.
a.pËaw, apËaHouaL, UOO apËa€L
o n50nOL6~ aULó~ apËaE:L aLL~ This actor is liked by women.
yuvaLXE:~.
H vËa u6ôa ó.pE:a€ noAU. The new fashion was very much liked.
anAWvw ApÉaxOj.J.aL nOAU (j.J.OU apÉaE:L) va r like to hear good words about
H MapLa anAWV€L LO Lpan€~oj.J.eiv Maria spreads the table cloth on the axouw xaAei A6YLa yLa La naLÔLei my children.
LnAO aLo LpanË~L. table. UOU.
H j.J.nLËpa cinAWO€ La pouxa aLov The mother hanged the clothes out in Mot) ap~aouv aULd La i3Li3ALa.. r like these books.
nALO Va. aL€YVŴOOUV. the sun to dry. Tu oooó ro, rtoo j.J.o..~ OLE: O,aLE: ua~ We liked very much the fruit you
'Eva aUVV€~O anAW&nK€ an6 Lnv A cloud spread from one end of the áp€aav noAu. sent us.
}LLO. aLnv ci.AAn ó'KPn LOU oupavou. sky to the other. To xa.~voUp~o ÉpyO OE:V ó.pE:a€ xa56-The new film was not very well re
-AnAŴOaj.J.€ La. XËPLa ~a.~ KaL ~n We stretched out our hands and Aou. ceived.
Lnaaj.J.€ i3on5€La. sought help.
H apPŴOL€La €~X€ ánAw&€~ a' The illness has spread to the whole
óAn HI xwna. land.
O á.vLpa~ ó'nAWO€ xËp L aLTIV YU- The husband (raised his hand) 'A<PnaË j.J.E:. : AaE: ).I.E:. Leave ~e. Leave me alone.
vaLxa. threatened his wife. O naLEpa~ a<pnaE: Lnv OLxoyËVE:Lei The father abandoned his family and
LOU xat. ÉCPUYE:. left.
ea. OE: a~naO~E: va ~UY€L~ av nAnpW We will let you leave if you pay us
OE:L~ LO XPEO.~ aou. your debt.
The committee is composed of ten mem 'ACPnaE: LO i3LAeo va nÉOE:L aLo ná He let the book fallon the floor.
H EnLLPonn anOL€A€~LaL an6 oÉKa Lwua.
bers.
j.J.ËAn. . The house is composed of eight I'a ~Wa. a~É&nxav E:AE:u5€pa OLnv The animals were let free on the
TO anLLL anOL€A€LLaL an6 OKLW <pâ.p).J.a.
rooms. farm.
OWj.J.eiLLa. . This constitutes a violation of the 'Exw a~naE:L La xpnuaLei UOU o ro r have left my money home.
AULó anOL€A€~ napeii3aan LOU v6j.J.ou. OneH.
law. A~rivE: L ni OOUAE: Lei LOU xaL LpË
The water is composed of hydrogen and He neglects his work and runs here
To V€PÓ anOL€A€LLaL an6 UOpOyó XE:L E:OW xaL E:XE:L.
oxygen. and there.
vo xaL oEuyóvo. These pillars will form the foundation 'A~nOE: Lnv yuvaCxa LOU aLov op6- He left (abandoned) his wife and his
AULOL OL aLDAOL 50. anOL€AÉaouv ).J.O j.J.€ LpLa naLoLei.
(base)for the bridge. three children.
Ll) i3eian 'rn ~ y Ë~upa~ • 'A~naE UE: vo TIE:peiaw. Let me pass.
-52- -53-
to place; to lay [3yá.~Ul (1) - to take out; to take off; to extract
~ j3á.AAUl*(l) - to put; to set; ( the passive voice is rare)
Indicative Subjunctive (with va. y~a. va., ó"tav Indicative Subjunctive
P. [3á.~(J) [3&:AAUl -I put etc.) P. I take off P. !3y&:~Ul
[3á.~E~s Bá.A.A.E~s l3yá.~Ul !3yá.~OlJ.E
[3á.~E~ (3á.A.A.E~ Byá.~EI.C !3yá.6nE P.S. l3yá.AUl
P. 13á.~Ul-13áAAUl -that I may be put-
ting !3ya~EI. !3ya~OUv
[3á.~OlJ.E [3á.A.A.OlJ.E Pr.P.ÉxUl l3yá.AE~
[3á.~El:E [3á.A.A.El: E P.S. 13á.AUl-that I may put P.C. I was taking off
[3á.~ouv (3á.A.A.OUV ÉBya.~a. l3yá.~a.lJ.E
Pr.P.€XUl 13á.A.E~- that I may have
put ~l3ya.~Ec l3yá.~a."tE Imperative
P.C. €Ba.~a. Ë[3aA.A.a. - I was putting Él3ya.~E É(3ya.(;;av
ti3a.~Es €BaA.AEs Imperative
P. (3yá.AA.E
ÉPa.~E €paA.A.E P. S. I took off
P. 13á.~E-13á.A.A.E - be putting (sing.)
~Bya.Aa. (3yá.Aa.lJ.E l3ydAAELE
(3á.A.A.a.lJ.E 13&~£"tE-13á.A.A.E"tE - be putting
[3á.~a.lJ.E (plo ) éBya.AEC (3ydA.a.LE
(3á.~Q.1;E 8á.A.Aa."tE ;tpyaA.E ~(3ya.Aav P.S. l3ydAE
É(3a.~a.v É(3a.A.A.a.v P.S. 13á.A.E - put (sing.)
13á.AE"tE - put (pl.) F.C. I shall be taking off
, P. S. e:(3aA.a. - I put 6a. !3Yá.(;;Ul oo (3ydbolJ.E
, [I ~8a.A.Es Infinitive 6a. eyd6E~C 6a. (3yd6El:E
É(3a.A.E P.S. va. i3á.AE~ - to put 60. (3yd(;;El. 60. (3yd(;;ouv Infinitive
(3á.A.a.lJ.E F.S. I shall take off
(3á.A.a"tE fu (3ydAUl 60. [3ydAOlJ.E P.S. vo. 13ydA.E~
~(3a.A.a.v 60. l3ydA.E~s 60. (3ydA.E"tE
Participle 6a. (3ydA.El. fu (3ydA.oUV
3c.. (3á.A.AUl - I shall be 13&:~ov"ta.s-13á.AA.OVLaS - putting
F. C.- 3a. (3á.~Ul
3a. (3á.~E~s 3a. (3á.A.AE~s putting Pr.P. I have taken off Participle
3a. [3á.~E l.' fu [3ó'AAE~ iXUl (3yá.A.E~
,. * In the Passive Voice only the 8XEl.C •• etc. 13ydA.AOV"to.S
3a. (3á.~OlJ.E 3u. (3á.AAOlJ.E
Past Simple tense and the Perfect
fu (3á.~ELE 6a. (3á.AAEl:E P.P. EtXa. 13yá.A.El.- I had taken
3a. (3á.~ouv 6a. (3á.AAOUV tenses are common:
P. S. I was determined off Passive Participle
13á.A.6nxa. 13a.A6nxalJ.E F.P. 6a. tXUl [3ydA.El. - I shall
13á.A6nxEs 13a.A6nxa"tE have taken off
F. S. 6a. (3áAUl - I shall put
OO i3á.A.E~s 13á.A6nxE 13á.A6nxa.v
6a. [3á.AE~
Pr.P. I have made up my mind to
60. i3á.A.OlJ.E ~XUl 13a.A6EL
6a. i3á.AE"tE ByÓ.bUl LO xo.nÉA.A.o lJ.OU. I take off my hat.
6d. (3á.AOUV P. P.
Byá.bOlJ.E "ta. pouxa. lJ.o.s. W~ take off our clothes.
d xa i3a.A6E ~ To na.~6C !3yá.(;;E~ 6óv"tl.a. The child is cutting his teeth.
Pr.P. txUl i3á.AE~ - I have put rr00 13yá.~E~ a.u"tós O 6póUOC: Where does this road lead?
€XE~s [3á.AE~ To 6Év"tPo (3yd(;;E~ ~~A.A.a.. The tree sprouts leaves.
Byá.~E~ lJ.~a. E~nlJ.EpC6a. He publishes a newspaper.
Bya(;;OlJ.E noA.A.a A.E~"tá. anó "tn 60u- Through our work we earn much
P. P. ELxa i3á.AE~- I had put A.E ~á. lJ.o.s. ' money.
F.P. 60. ÉXUl 13á.A.E~ - I shall
have put -55-
-S4-
~yaCvw (1) - to go out; to come out (no passive voice) (3E(3aLwvw (1) - to assure; to confirm; to affirm
Subjunctive (with vo , YLa V(J., ro;v ó Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Indicative etc. P. I assure I am being assured
P. I go out
~yaCVOlJ,E: P. (3yaLvw - that I may be going (3E(3aLwvw (3E(3aLWVOlJ,E (3E(3aLWVOlJ,aL (3E(3aLWVÓlJ,ao"'CE
~yaCvw
~yaCVE:L!;; ~yaLVE"'CE out (3 E (30. LWVEL s (3E (3aLC0vE "'CE (3E(3aLwvEoaL (3E(3aLwvEo"'CE
~yaCVE:L ~yaCvouv P.S. (3yw -that I may go out (3E(3aLwvEL (3E(3aLwvouv (3E(3aLwvE"'CaL (3E(3aLwvov"'CaL
P.C. I was going out Pr.P.EXW (3YEL- that I may have gone P.C. I was assuring I was being assured
É~yaLva ~yaCvalJ,E: out (3E(3aLwva (3E(3aLWValJ,E (3E(3aLWVolJ,oUv (3E(3aLWVolJ,ao"'CE
8~yaLvE~ ~yaCva"'CE (3E(3aCWVE!;; (3E(3aLwva"'CE (3E(3aLwvoooUv (3E(3aLwvooao"'CE
t~yaLvE ~~yaLvav Imperative (3E(3aCwvE (3E(3aCwvav (3E(3aLwvo"'Cav (3E(3alwvov"'Cav
P. ~ya~vE- be going out (sing. P.S. I assured I was assured
P. S. I went out
(3ynUalJ,E (3E(3aCwoa (3E(3aLWOalJ,E (3E(3aLw5nxa (3E(3aLw5i\ualJ,E
~Yrlua
~ynua"'CE; (3yaCvE"'CE- be going out (pl.) (3E(3aCwoE~ (3E(3aLŵoa"'CE (3E(3aLw5nxEs (3E(3aLw5nxa"'CE
~ynUE!;;
~ynUE (3ynuav (3E(3aCwoE (3E(3aCwoav (3E(3aLw5nuE (3E(3aLw5nuav
P.S. ~(3ya - go out (sing.)
I shall be going out F.C. I shall be assuring I shall be assured
F. C.
50. ~yaLvw 50. (3yaLVOlJ,E (3Y~"'CE-(3Y&"'CE- go out (pl.) 50. ~E(3aLwvw 50. (3E(3aLWVOlJ,E 50. (3E(3aLWVOlJ,aL &a (3E(3aLWVOlJ,ao"'CE
50. (3yaCVEL!;; &a (3yaCvE"'CE &a (3E(3aLwvELs &a (3E(3aLwvE"'CE 5a (3E(3aLwvEoaL &o. (3E(3aLwVEo"'CE
&a (3yaCvEL 50. (3yaLvouv 50. (3E(3aLwvEL 50. (3E(3aLwvouv &a (3E(3aLwvE"'CaL &a (3E(3aLwvov"'CaL
Infinitive
F.S. I shall go go
50. (3yw &o. (3YOUlJ,E P.S. va (3YEL - to go out F. S. I shall assure I shall be assured
50. (3YEL!;; 50. (3YEl."'CE &a (3E(3aLWow 0a (3E(3aLWOOlJ,E &o. (3E(3aLw5w 50. (3E(3aLw&06lJ,E
50. (3yEL 50. (3youv 50. (3E(3aLWoELs &a (3E(3aLWoE"'CE 50. (3E(3aLw5Ets &a (3E(3aLw5EL"'CE
&a (3E(3aLWoEL &a (3E(3aLwoouv 50, (3E(3aLW5El. &a (3E(3aLw506v
Pr.P.I have g~ne out
€XW (3YE ~ : Participle Pr.P. I have assured I have been assured
~XELb •• et c , EXW (3E(3aLwoEL txw
I
(3E(3aLw5EL
(3yaLvov"'Ca~ - going out E:XEL!;; ••• etc. €XELs ••• etc.
P.P. ELxa (3YEc- I had gone out
P.P. ELxa (3E~aLWoEL - I had ELxa (3€(3aLw5EL - I had been assurea
F.P. 50. éxw (3YEL - I shall have assured
gone out F.P. aa €XW (3E(3aLWoEL - I shall &0. Éxw (3E(3aLw5EL - I shall have been
have assured assured
Examples
Tov E[6a ó"'Cav É(3yaLvE anó "'Co I saw him when he was coming out SUBJUNCTIVE
onC"'CL of the house.
P. (3E(3aLwvw - that I may be
O nALOs ÉXEL (3YEL. The sun has risen. (3E(3aLWVOlJ,aL- that I may be assured
I am losing my mind. assuring
ByaLvw ano "'Ca AOYLUa lJ,OU. P. S.
I do not keep my word. (3E(3aLwow - that I may assure (3E(3aLw5w - that I may be assured
1/,1 ByaCvw ano "'COV AOYO lJ,OU. Pr.P.
It is better for one to lose his €XW (3E(3aLWoEL - that I may 8XW (3E(3aLw5E( - that I may have been
II KaAALO va oou (3YEL "'Co lJ,á"'CL na
eye than his reputation. have assured assured
pa "'Co ÓvolJ,a.
Ta AOYLa uou (3y~uav aAn5Lvá. My words 'have come true. IMPERATIVE
P. (3E(3aCwvE - be assuring (sing.)(3E(3aLwvou
Mou (3Y~UE n nCo"'Cn. (Idiom: My faith has come out): I be assured (sing.)
am exhausted. (3E(3aLwVE"'CE- be assuring (pl.) (3E(3aLwvEo"'CE - be assured (pl.)
My dream has come true. P. S. (3E(3aCwoE - assure (sing.) (3E(3aLwoou _ be assured
To ÓVCLPO lJ,ou (3Y~UE. (sing.)
f o The month is out. (3E(3aL~)(:nE - assure (p L; ) (3E(3aLw5EC"'CE be assured (pl.)
BynxE o lJ,nVas·
H E~nlJ,EPC6a (3yaCvEL lJ,La ~opa The newspaper is published once a
week. INFINITIVE
"'Cnv t(360lJ,a6a.
To VEPÓ (3yaCvEL ana "'CO (30UVÓ. The water comes from the mountain. P. S. va (3E(3aLWoEL - to assure va (3E(3aLw5E~ - to be assured
~E (3y~xav aUOlJ,a "'Ca ~p00"'Ca. The fruit are not yet ripe. PARTICIPLE
~E (3Yrl){E aXOlJ,a anó "'Co o.ovó . He has not yet come of age. (3E(3aLwvov"'Cas - assuring (3E(3aLwlJ,£v-Os,-n,-o -assured
-57- (For examples see p. 64)
-56-
Bon:5w (2, 3) _. to h e I p; t o a id; t o ass i s t
BAÉTt_W (1) - to s.e e ; to behold; to look at; to catch sight of
Actiye V9ice, Ln d Lc a tiye J;'"ssive Voice, I_ndicative
Passive Voice, Ltidicative
l ;~ng seen
P. I help I "nl LeLn g help~d
P. I see 1301')6<-& Bon.aOU]J,E Bon&tÉuaD . Bon&LouuaaTE
!3AÉTtW (3AÉTtO].:!.E BA.ÉTtO]J,al - BA.En:ó]J,aaTE (3on&ciG SOn&dTE
!?AEnr:;aa. ~_ BASn:EOTE Bon&d.oaL BonGLÉaTE
BAÉTtEDG BAÉTtE1:E Bon&d Bonaouv Bon&tÉTat Bon&LodvTaL
BAÉTtED (3AÉTtOUV BAÉn:ETaL BAÉn:ovTaL
P. C. I was helping I was being helped
P.C. I was seeing I was being seen Bon&oôoa (3on&ouoa]J,E
BAETtÓuaaTE Bon&Lóuouv Bon&LóuaarE
t(3AETta (3AÉnaUE BAETcó]J,QUV Bon&ouaEG Bon&ouauTE BOnaDóaouv
!?AEn:ÓOouv (3AEn:ócaaTE Bon&~óaaaTE
c:[3AETtEG BA É rtcrr E Bon&00aE 60n&00aav Bon&tó-r.-av BonaLóvTav
É[3AETtE É(3AETtaV BAEn:óTO;v BAÉn:ovTav
P. S. I helped I was helped
P.S. I saw I was seen Borl&naa B01')&r'\ao;]J,s Bon&n&T)Jia
E t OWaTp{Q. El.Ow&nJiaUE Bon&n&nJiaUE
doa doauE B011&naEG Son &flaaT E: Bon&n&n)i"E: G Bon&n&nJiaTE
dOEG ECoaTE ECOW&nJiEG ELow&nJiaTE
ELOWanJiav B011&naE 60n&noa\l 13 o r t&rt&n_KE Bon&n&nJiav
E~OE doav El.OWanJiE
F. C. I shall be helping I shall be helped
F.C. I shall be seeing I shall be seen &0; Bon&ŵ &0. Bon&oÓuE &0. Bon&LÉuaL &a Bon&LóuaaTE
aa BAÉTtw aa BAÉnoUE ad. [3AÉTtOuaL &0. [3A.ETtÓuaaTE &0. Bon&áG aa Bon&:ó;TE &0. Bon&tÉaat &0. Bon&LsoTE
aa BAÉTtELG &0. BAÉTtETE &a [3A.ÉTtEaaL &0. BAÉn:EaTE &0. Bon&â &0. Bon&00v
aa BAÉTtovTaL &0; Bon&LlhaL &0. Bon&LoóvTaL
&0. BASTtEL &0. (3AÉTtOUV &0. BAÉTtETaL
F. So I shall help I shall be helped
F. S. I shall see I shall be seen aa Bonanaw
Low&00uE aa BonanaoUE aa Bon&n&ŵ &á Bon&n&ouuE
&a ow &0. OOUUE aa LOWaŴ &a &0. BOn&riaELG aa BonanaETE
&0. Low&dG &a LOW&ECTE &0. BOnan&E~G aa BonanaEcTE
&0. OEt-G aa oELTE aa BOn&naEL aa [3onanaouv &0. Bon&n&EL &á Bonanaouv
&0. OEL &a oouv &a LOWaEC aa LOW&00V
- Pr.P. I have helped I have been helped
Pr.P. .
I have qeen
EXW ôc L -
I have been seen
txw LOW&EL
~XW BonanaEL
EXELG ... etc.
Éxw BOnanaEL
€'XELG .••. etc.
,. ÉXELG •. etc. ~XELG •.• etc.
J
P.P. ELxa [3onanaEL- I had helped ELxa BonanaE~ - I had been helped
P. F. Etxa OEt-- I had seen ELxa LOW&EC - I had been seen
F.P. &0. €XW BonanaEL - I shall have &a txw BonanaEL - I shall have
F. P. aa txw OEL - I shall have &a ~xw t-OW&EC - I shall have been helped
seen been helped
seen
SUBJUNCnVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. (3onaw - t hat I may be helping °ono.,
~ -'-"0.'
v"~~" - t h at I may be helped
(with va, YLa va, óTav etc.)
P. BAETtW - that I may be seeing BAETtOuaL - that I may be seen
LOW&Ŵ- th~t I may be seen P. S. Bonanaw - that I may help [3onanaw - that I may be helped
P. S. ow - that I may see Pr.P.
Pr.P. ÉXW OEL - that I may have seen ÉXW LOw&€C- that I may have been É:xw BOnanaEL - that I may have txw Bon&naEL - that I may have
seen helped been helped
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
BAETtOU - be seen (sing.) P. Bonaa - be helping (sing.)
P. BAÉTtE - be seeing (sing.) 0 •••••
BA.ÉTtETE - be seeing (pl.) [3AÉTtEaTE- be seen (pl.) Bon06.TE- be helping (pI.) ......
P. S. BonanaE - help (sing.) o
~onvnvou~
0.'0. be helped (sing.)
P. S. OEG - see (sing.) (form not common)
LOW&€LTE - be seen (pl.) Bon:5~aTE - help (pl.) o o. o. '
~OnvnvELTE - be helped (pl.)
OÉOTE- anTE - see (pl.)
INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE P. S. vex. 130n&naEt - to help va (3on&n&El. - to be helped
PARTICIPLE
P. S. va OEL - to see va t-OW&EL- to be seen
Bon&nuÉv-oG,-n,-o - helped
PARTICIPLE
LOWUEV-OG,-n,-o - seen -59- (For examples see p. 65)
BAÉTtOVTas - seeing
(form not common)
-58- (For examples see p. 64)
[30Up"t"OL~0lJ,UL (4)- I am brushed, I brush ~ (1) - to water; to wet; to moisten
-to brush
myself
Passive Voice, Indicative [3ptX£L -(impersonal verb )it rains ( see conjugation on page 62)
Active Voice, Indicative
I brush I am being brushed, I brush myself
P. Active Voice,Indicative Passive Voice,Indicative
[3oup"t"oC~w [3ouP"t"O[~OlJ,£ [3ouP"t"OC~OlJ,UL Soup"t"oL~6lJ,uo"t"£
P. I water I am watered, I am being wet
[30UP"t"OL~£L(; [3oup"t"oC~£"t"£ [3ouP"t"OC~£OUL Soup"t"oC~£o"t"£
SouP"t"OC~£"t"UL SOUP"t"OL~OV"t"UL SPEXW j3PEXOlJ,£ [3PEXOlJ,UL SP£XólJ,uo"t"£
[30UP"t"OL~£L [3oup"t"oC~ouv [3PEX£L(; j3P8X£-C£ [3PEX£oUL SptX£OL£
I was being brushed j3P8X£L [3PEXOUV [3PEX£"t"UL [3PEXOV-CUL
P.C. I was brushing
[30Óp"t"OL~U [3oup"t"oC~UlJ,£ SOUP"t"OL~ÓlJ,OUV SouP"t"oL~6lJ,uo"t"£
SOUP"t"OL~ÓOOUV [30UP"t"OL~ÓOUO-C£ P.C. I was watering I was being wet
[3oÓp"t"OL~£(; [3ouP"t"oC~u"t"£ ~j3p£xu [3PEXUlJ,£ [3p£xólJ,ouv
[30Up"t"OL~Ó"t"UV [3oup"t"oC~OV"t"UV 13p£xólJ,uo-CE
[30ÓP"t"OL~£ [30Up"t"OL~UV e;13p£x£(; SPEXU-CE SP£xóoouv 13P£Xóouo-c£
I was brushed ÉSPEXE É[3PEXUV [3p£xó-cuv 13PEXOV"t"uv
P.S. I brushed
[3oÓp"t"OLOU [30UP"t"OLOUlJ,£ [36uP-coCo"t"nxu [30Up-COLO"t"nXUlJ,£
[30Up-roLO"t"nXU-C£ P.S. I watered I was wet
[3oÓp"t"OLO£(; [30Up"t"OLOU"t"£ [3oUP-COLO-cnX£(;
[3oUp"t"OL01:'nX£ SOUP"t"OLo"t"nxUV É[3P£Gu [3PEGUlJ,E j3pdxnxu j3puxnXUlJ,E
[30ÓP"t"OLO£ [3oUP"t"OLOUV é'j3PEGE(; i3PEGU-CE [3paxnXE(; [3PuxnXU-CE
I shall be brushed É[3PEGE tj3PEGUV j3paxnxE Spá.xnxuv
F.C. I shall be brushing
ôu [3oUp"t"OL~W au [30UP"t"OL~0lJ,£ ad [3ouP"t"OC~OlJ,UL ôd [30UP"t"OL~ÓlJ,UO-C£
F. C. I shall be watering I shall be wet
aa [30UP"t"OL~£L(; fu [30UP"t"oC~£"t"£ ôd [30UP-COL~£OUL ôd [3oup-coC~£o"t"£
oo [3PExw Ôd SPEXOlJ,E OO [3ptXOlJ,UL ÔU [3PEXÓlJ,o.O-rE
Ôd [3oup"t"OC~£L fu [30Up"t"OL~OUV ôd [30UP-COL~£"t"UL ôd [3oup-coC~OV"t"UL
ÔU SP8XEL(; oo SPEXELE ÔU [3PEXEOUL OO [3ptX£O-CE
I shall brush I shall be brushed oo [3P8XEL oo [3ptxouv OO [3PEXE-rUL ôu [3PEXOV.UL
F. S.
fu [30UP"t"OLOW ÔU [3oUP"t"oCOOlJ,£ ÔU [3oUP-rOLO-C~ ÔU [3oUP-COLO-rOUlJ,£
fu [30UP"t"OLO"t"£L(; fu [30UP"t"OLO"t"£L"t"£ F.S. I shall water I shall be wet
fu [30UP"t"OLO£L(; ôu [30UP"t"oCO£"t"£
ôu [30UP"t"OLO£L ôu [30UP"t"OLOOUV ôU [3oup-coLo-c£L aa [3ouP"t"oLo"t"00v OO [3P8GW OO SP8GOlJ,E ôa. SPUX0 Ôd !3PUXOUlJ,E
au SptGEL(; ôu SptGE.E ÔU [3PUXE~(; OO [3PUXEL-CE
I have been brushed OO [3P8GEL ôa SP8GOUV OO [3PUXE~ fu [3puxoDV
Pr.i>. I have brushed
€XW [3oup"t"O[O£L é;xw [30UP"t"OLO-CE~ ( J
ÉX£L(; ••• etc. I have watered £Xw [3puXEL I have been wet
ÉX£ L(; .- •• etc.
I (
£LXU [30Up"t"OLO"t"£L - I had been P.P. E~XU [3P8GEL - I had watered ELXU [3PUXE~ - I had been wet
P.F. £LXU [3oUP"t"O[O£L - I had
brushed brushed
fu Éxw [30UP"t"OLO"t"£L - I shall have F.P. OO €XW SPEGEL- I shall have fu txw SPUXEC- I shall have been wet
F.P. ôu ~XW [30UP"t"OLO£L- I shall watered
h",ve Drushed been brushed
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. sptxw-that I may be watering [3PEXOlJ,UL - that I may be wet
P. [30UP-CoC~w- that I may be [3ournoL ~OlJ,UL- that I may be brushed
P. S. SotGw - that I may water [3oux~ - that I may be wet
brushing Pr.P.
[30UP.OLO-C~ - that I may be brushed éxw [3péEEL-that I may have txw [3puxEL - that I may have been
P. S. i30UP-COLOW - that I may brush
t!:X(i) P->OUP-COLO~-£ L - that I may have watered wet
Pr.P. Éxw [;3oup-r:o'o£~ - that I may
been brushed IMPERATIVE
have brushed P.
IMPERATIVE j3PEX£ -be watering (sing.) [3PEXOU - be wet (sing.)
130ÓP.OL~£ - be brushing (sing.)[30UP-COL~OU- be brushed (sing.) j3P8XE.E - be watering (pl.) j3PEX£O-C£ - be wet (pl.)
P. P. S. [3P8GE - water (sing.) j3paxou - be wet (sing.)
SOup-coC~£-c£ - be brushing (p1)~ouP-COC~£0-c£ - be brushed (pl.)
[30ÓP-COLO£ - brush (sing.) [30UP-COLOOU - be brushed (sing.) SPEG.£ - water (pl.) j3PUX£LL£ - be wet (pl.)
P. S.
[3oUP-COCO£L£ - brush (pl.) [30UP-COLO.£~-r£- be brushed (pl.)
INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE
P. S. vu SP~GEL - to water va. j3pa.XEL - to be wet
P. S. vu [30Up.OLO£L - to brush vu SOUP.OLO-C£~- to be brushed
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
Pr. P. ÉXE~ (3pÉEEl -it has rained Active Voice, Lndicative Pass;i:ve Voice,
P.C. É(3PEXE - it was raining P. I find I am found
P.P. ECXE (3pÉ£;E~ - it had rained (3pCouw (3pCOXOUE Sp L oxount !3Ptouóuo.OTE
P. S. É(3PE£;E - it rained (3pCOUELG !3PLoxETE (3pCouEoa~ (3PCOUEOTE
F.C. ~ (3ptXE~ - it will be raining F.P. ~ ÉXE~ (3PÉEE~ - it will have (3PCOUE~ (3pCououv (3p e Oli E Ta l (3PLOUO\JTo.~
rained
P.C. I was finding I was being found, situa.ted
É:(3PLouo. !3PLoxo.jJ.E SPLOXOUOU\J (3PLoxóuo.oTE
É:(3P~OUEG (3pLoxo.TE (3P~OUOOOU\J (3PLOUÓOa,OTE
É(3PLOUE c:(3p~oxo.\J (3p~ouóTo.v (3PLoxOVTa\J
P. S. I found I was found, situated
(3pTjxo. !3pnuo.jJ.E (3pÉ~nxo. (3PE~nxo.jJ.E
(3pTjXEC (3pnuo.TE (3pÉ~nXEG (3pE~riuo.TE
(3pnxE (3p~uo.v (3pÉ~nXE (3pÉ~nuo.v
F. C. I shall be finding I shall be found
~a !3pCouw ~a !3pLOUOjJ.E ~o. (3PLouojJ.o.~ ~a (3p~ouóuo.OTE
~o. (3PLOUE~G ~o. (3PLOXETE: ~a (3PLouEoo.~ ~a SP~OItEOL€
~o. !3PLOX€L ~o. !3pCououv ~o. (3pCouETo.~ ~a (3PLoxo\JTo.L
F.S. I shall find I shall be found
~o. (3pw ~a. (3PC6jJ.E ~a. (3PE~W ~o. (3PE~OUjJ.E
~o. (3P€I,C ~a (3pEeT€ ~a (3PE~ECG ~a. !3PE~Et:TE
~o..(3pEI, ~a. !3pouv ~a (3PE~EC ~a. (3PE~OU\J
Pr.P. I have found I have been found
É:xw (3PE~ Éxw (3PE~EC
P.P. ELxo. (3PEI,- I had found ELXo. (3pE5EL - I had been found
F.P. 50. ~Xw (3PE~- I shall have ~ Éxw (3pE5tC- I shall have been
found found
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. (3pCoxw - that I may be finding (3pCoxouo.L- that I may be found
P.S. (3pw - that r may find (3pE5~ - that I may be found
Pr.P. Éxw !3PE~- that I may have txw (3PE~E'- that I may have been
found found
IMPERATIVE
P. (3PLOUE - be finding (sing.)
(3pCOUET€ - be finding (pl.)
-62- P. S. (3PEC - find (sing.) (3pt50u - be found (sing.)
(3PÉTE - find (pl.) (3pE5ECT€- be found (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. \Jo. !3PEL - to find \Ju (3pE5€G- to be found
PARTICIPLE
!3PE6ELC -E~Oo. -found (classical)
-63- (For examples see p. 65)
Examples
Examples of uses of verbs beginning with B
I was laughing I was being deceived P. C. I was filling I was being filled
P.C.
YEi\.o6oa YEi\.ouoaUE YEi\.LÓuouV YEi\Lóuao-CE yÉUL!:a YEu~!:aUE YEUL!:ÓUOUV YEUL!:óuaoLE
YEi\.o0oEs YEi\.ouoa-CE YEi\LóoouV YEi\LóoaO-CE yÉUL!:Es YEUL!:aLE YEUL!:ÓOOUV YEUL!:óoaoLE
YEi\OUOE YEi\ouoav YEi\Ló-cav YEi\Lóv-cav yÉUL!:E yÉUL!:av YEUL!:óLav YEuC!:ovLav
Pr.~. I have laughed I have been deceived Pr.P. r have filled I have been filled
€XW YEi\.gon txw YEi\aoLE\. E:XW YEULOEL ~Xw YEULOLE(
É;XELs ••• etc. EXELs •••• etc. 8XELs • •• e tc. EXELs ••• etc.
P.P. Etxa YEi\.á.OEL - I had laughed ELxa YEi\.aoLEl - I had been deceived P.P. Etxa YEULOEL - I had filled Etxa YEULOLEL - I had been fill-
etc. etc. etc. etc. ed
F.P. 30. 8XW YEi\.a.OEL- I shall have OO EXW YEi\aoLEL I shall have been F.P. 30. ËXw YEUCOEL - I shall OO €XW YEULOLE( I shall have
etc. laughed etc. deceived etc. have filled etc. been filled
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
YEi\~ - that I may be laughing YEi\.LÉuaL- that I may be deceived P. YEUL!:W - that I may be filling YEUL!:ouaL - that I may be filled
P.
P. S. YEUCOW - that I may fill YEULO-C~ - that I may be filled
P. S. YEi\á.ow - that I may laugh YEi\ao-cŵ- that I may be deceived Pr.P. 8XW YEULOEL - that I may have EXW YEULOLEl- that I may have
Pr.F Éxw YEi\.á.OEL - that I may have ~Xw YEi\.aO-CEL - that I may have filled IMPERATIVE been filled
laughed been deceived
IMPERATIVE P. yÉUL!:E- be filling (sing.) YEUC!:OU - be filled (sing.)
P. yÉi\a - be laughing (sing.) ( forms not YEUC!:E-CE - be filling (pl.) YEUL!:EOLE - be filled(pl.)
YEi\á-CE - be laughing (pl.) common) yÉULOE - fill (sing.) YEULOOU - be filled (sing.)
P. S. yÉi\aoE - laugh (sing.) YEi\.á.OLOU - be deceived (sing.) YEULOLE - fill (pl.) YEULO-CECLE - be filled (pl.)
YEi\á.OLE - laugh (pl.) YEi\aoLE~L£- be deceived (pl.) INFINl fIVE
INFINITIVE P. S. va YEUCOEL - to fill va YEULOLE~ - to be filled
va YEi\.aoLE( - to be deceived PARTICIPLE
P. S. va YEi\á.OEL - to laugh
PARTICIPLE
YEi\aouÉv-os,-T),-O- deceived YEULOUÉV-Os,-T),-O - filled
(For examplse see p. 74) (For examplse see p. 74)
-67-
-66-
yEVV~ (2) - to give birth yCVO}.l.aL (3) - to become; to turn (rich, poor etc.);
also, to take place; to happen; to come to pass;
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative to occur (A deponent verb)
I g i 'T e bir th I am born, I am being born
P.
YEVVOU~E YEvvL£~aL YEVVLó~aOLE Indicative Subjunctive
YEVVWI
YEVVa.LE YEvVL£oaL YEVVLÉOLE P. I become
YEVV;:x.s
yEvva YEVVODV YEvvLÉLaL YEVVLOUVLaL yCVo~aL YLVo~ao-rE P. yCVO~aL - that I may become
YLVEOaL yCVEO-rE
P. C. I was giving birth I was being born yCvE-raL YLVov-raL P.S. YLVW ,YEVW - that I may
YEvvouoa YEvvouoa~E YEVVLO~OUV YEVvLó~aOLE become
YEvvouoaLE yt:.VVLOOOUV YEvVLooaOLE P.C. I was becoming Pr.P. Éxw yCVEL - that I may
YEVVOUOEs
YEVVOÓOE YEVVOÓoav YEVVLoLav YEVVLovLav YLVÓ~OUV YLVÓ~aOLE have become
YLVÓOOUV YLvóoao-rE
P. S. I gave birth I was born YLvó-rav yCvov-rav Imperative
yÉVvnoa YEvv{joa~E YEvvn6nxa y Evvn6f)1{.a~E
yÉvVnOEs YEVVnOaLE YEvvnBnXEs YEvvn6nxaLE P. S. I became* P. yCVOU - become (sing.)
yÉvvnOE y!i:vvnoav YEvvnBnXE YEvv{j6nxav ÉYLva
./
yCVa~E
E:YLVEs
(
yCva-rE YEV~-rE- become (pl.)
F.C. I shall be giving birth I shall be born EYLVE ~YLVaV
60. YEVVc.0 60. YEVVOtJl-LE OO YEvvL£~aL 60. YEvvLo~aoLE Infinitive
OO YEVVÓ.s OO YEVV6.LE OO YEvvL£oaL 60. YEVVLÉOLE F. C. I shall be becoming
60. YEvv6. OO YEvvoDv {Jo. YEvvLÉ-raL 60. YEVvL00v-raL OO yCVo~aL OO YLvó~ao-rE P.S. va yCVEL, va YEVEt - to
OO YLvSoaL .ea
y~Ve:crLe: become
F. S. I shall give birth I shall be born OO yCvE-raL oo yCvov-raL
60. YEvvnOW Bu YEvVnOO~E OO YEvvn66 Ba YEvvn60Ó~E
60. YEVV{jOELs OO YEvvnOE-rE 6a. YEvvn6ELs 6a. YEvvn6d-rE F.S. I shall become
60. YEVVnOEL 60. YEvvnOOUv 6a. YEvvn6~L 60. YEvvn60uv OO YLVW OO yCVO~E Participle
OO yCVELs OO yCVELE
Pr~P. I have given birth I have been born 60. yCVEL OO yCvouv YLVW~ÉV-os,-n,-o - done
éxw YE'VVnOE L É:xw YEvvn6£l Passive Past Si~ple
tXELs ~ •• etc. E:XELs •.. etc. Pr.P. I have become *1 became
,. Éxw yCVEL yCvnxa yLvnxa~E
/ I
P.P. ELxa YEVV{jOEL -I had given birth ELXa YEVVn6EI. I had been born e:Xe:Ls ..• etc. YLvnxEs YLvnxa-r£
etc. etc. YLvnxE yévnxav
F.P. OO Éxw YEVVnOEL- I shall have 60. éxw YEvvn6Et - I shall have P.P. ELxa YLVEL- I had become
given birth etc. been born etc.
etc.
F.P. 60. Éxw yCVEL- I shall have
etc. become
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. YEVV~ - that I may be giving birthYEvvLÉ~aL - that I may be born Examples
P.S. YEVVnOW - that I may give birth YEvvn66J - that I may be born
Pr. P. É:xw YEVVnOE L - that I may have txw YEvvn6d. -that I may have
given birth been born ·EYLVE TIAOUOLOs• He became rich.
IMPERATIVE 'O,LL tYLVE €YLVE. What happened has happened. (No use
P. yÉvva - be giving birth (sing.) ( no to cry over spilt milk).
YEVV6.LE - be giving birth (pl.) forms) AEYLVE YEAO~Os. He became ridiculous.
P. S. yÉvvnoE - give birth (sing.) yEvvncrou - be born (sing.) TL va YCVEL; What can be done? (Idiom: What can
YEVV~O-rE - give birth (pl.) YEvvn6El-rE- be born (pl.) one do?)
INFINITIVE Ta xEpâoLa £YLvav. The cherries are ripe.
va YEvvnOEL - to give birth va YEvvn6~L- to be born To ~aYn-ro ÉYLVE. The meal is cooked.
P. S. AULo -ro ~opE~a ÔE ~ou yLvELaL. This dress does not fit me.
PARTICIPLE
H ~âxn ÉYLVE O-rOV Mapa6wva. The battle took place at Marathon.
YEvvn~ÉV-OG,-n.-o - born Au-ro YLv£-raL xá6E ~Épa. This happens everyday.
YEVVWv-ras - giving birth
-68- (For examplse see p. 74) rEvn-rE xaAoC áv6PWTIOL. Become good men!
T~ t'YLV£ X-rEs; What happened yesterday?
~E:v EÉPEL -rL -rOU yCVE-raL. He does not know what he is doing.
-69-
yvwpCsw (1) - to know; to have knowledge of; to be aware of; ypápw (1) - to write
to be acquainted with; to recognize
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I write I am being written, I am written
I know I am known, recognized ypá(jXu ypácpO~E
P. ypácpo~a~ ypacpó~acrTE
YVWPLSW yvWpCSO~E YVwPLso~a~ YVwp~Só~acrTE ypáCPE~s YPácpETE
YVwpLSEcra~ YVWPLSEcrTE y~~CPEcra~ YPQCPEcrTE
YVWPCSE~s YVWPCSETE ypácpE~ ypác,oou"\' YP~cpETa~ ypácpoVTa~
YVWPLSE~ yvwpCSouv YVwPCSETa~ YVWpCSoVTa~
P. C. I was writing I was being written
I was knowing I was acquainted with Eypacpa rpácpa~E ypacpó~ouv
P.C. ypacpó~acrTE
yvwP~6a yvwpCsa~E yvwp~só~ouv yvwp~Só~acrTE EypacpEs ypácpaTE ypacpócrouv
yvwp~sócrouv yvwp~S6cracrTE ypacpócracrTE
YVWP~SEs yvwpCSaTE ÉypacpE Éypacpav ypac.póTav ypácpovTav
YVWP~SE yvwp~sav YVwp~S6Tav YVWpCSovTav
P. S. I wrote I was written
I knew I became acquainted with typallJa ypállJa~E
P. S.
YVWPLcrTllxa yvwp~crTnxa~E YPáCPTTPW ypacpT1~xa~E
yvwp~cra yvwpCcra~E ~ypallJEs ypállJaTE YPáCPTllXEs ypacpTnxaTE
yvwp~crEs yvwpCcraTE yvwpCcrTllXEs yvwp~crTnxaTE ÉypallJE ÉypallJav ypáCPTllXE ypácpTllxav
yvwp~crE yvwp~crav yvwpCcrTllXE YVWPLcrTllxav
F. C. I shall be writing I shall be written
I shall be knowing I shall be acquainted with aa ypá(j)W
F. C.
ôa yvwpCso~a~ OO yvwp~só~acrTE
ôa ypácpO~E au ypácpo~a~ OO ypawó~acrTE
ôd. YVWPLSW OO YVWPCSO~E &1 ypácpE~s aa ypáCPETE OO ypácpEcra~ au ypácpEcrTE
OO YVWPCSELs ôa YVWPCSE1:E ôa YVwPLSEcraL ôa YVWPLSEcrTE ôa ypácpE~ &1 ypácpouv OO ypácpETa~ OO ypácpovTa~
ôa YVWPC6EL OO YVWPLSOUV ôa YVWPLSETaL OO YVWpL60vTaL
F. S. I shall write I shall be written
I shall know I shall be acquainted with ôa ypállJw ôa ypállJO~E
F. S.
ôa YVWp~crTW ôa YVWp~crTouUE OO ypacp1:w ôa ypacp1:oj~E
OO yvwpCcrw ôa yvWpCcrO~E ôa ypállJE~s OO ypállJE1:E OO ypacp1:ELs aa ypacpTECTE
OO yvwpCcrELs OO YVWPLcrETE ôa YVWp~crTELs ôa yvwP~01:EéTE ôa ypáljJ(; I OO ypállJouv OO ypacpTEL OO ypacp1:0uv
OO YVWpCcrEL ôa YVWPLcrOUV OO YVWp~cr1:EC ôa yvwp~crTouv
Pr.P. I have written I have been written
I have known I have been acquainted with ~XW ypállJE~
Pr.P. ÉXW ypacpTEL
txw YVWp~crTE~ tXE~s ••• etc.
,. ~XW YVWpCcrE~
EXE~s ••• etc. tXE~s ••• etc.
8XE~s ••• etc.
P.P. ELxa ypállJE~ - I had written E~xa ypacpTEt- I had been written
P.P. Etxa YVwpCcrE~ - I had known Etxa YVWp~crTEL- I had been etc etc.
etc. acquain ted wi th F.P. OO txw ypállJE~- I shall have
etc. Ba €Xw ypaCPTEt - I shall have
Ôo. É:XW YVWpCcrE~ - I shall have ôa Éxw YVWp~cr1:EC- I shall have written etc.
F. P. been written
known etc. been acquainted with
etc.
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE P. ypácpw- that I may be writl'ng •
á ypacpo~a~ - that I may be written
P. YVWPLSW - that I may be knowing YVwpLSo~a~ - that I may be P. S. ~p llJw - that I may write ypaCPTW - that I may be written
acquainted with
Pr.P. EXW ypállJE ~ - tha t I may have' EXW ypacpTE~. - that I may have been
P. S. yvwpCcrw - that I may know YVWp~crTW - that I may be known
written written
Pr.P. Éxw YVwpCcrE~ - that I may have txw YVWp~crTEL- that I may ~ave been IMPERATIVE
acquain red with P.
known ypácpE- be writing (sing.) ypácpou - be written (sing.)
IMPERATIVE ypácpETE - be writing (pl.) ypácpEcrTE - be written (pl.)
YVWP~SE _ be knowing (sing.) YVWPC60U - be known (sing.) P. S. ypállJE - write (sing.) ypállJou - be written (sing.)
P. YVWPCSETE _ be \\ (pI.) YVWPLSEcrTE - be known (pI.) ypállJETE (YPálj;1:E) - write (pl.) ypacp1:E~TE - be written (pl.)
yvwp~crE _ know (sing.) YVWPLcrOU - be known (sing.)
P. S.
YVWpCcr1:E _ know (plo) yvwp~crTEC1:E - be known (plo) INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE P. S. va ypálj;E~ - to write va ypacp1:EL - to be written
P. S. va YVWPLcrE~ - to know va yVWp~crTEC - to be known PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE
yvwpCSOV1:as - knowing yvwp~cr~tv-os,-ll,-O - known ypácpovTas - writing ypa~~tv-os,-ll,-O - written
-70- (For examplse see p. 74) -71- (For examplse see p. 75)
I look for; seek. The passive voice yupEuollal is not common. yuptkw (1) - to turn; to return; to change', to
to change mind resolve;
Subjunctive The Passive Voice is not common=
Indicativs<
P. I seek P. Ir.dicative Subjunctive
yUpEuW YUPEuoullE P. yupEUW - that I may be seeking I return
yUpEUElS" yUpEuETE YUPLbW YUPLbOlJ,E P. YUPLbW -that I may be return-
yUpEUEl yUpEuOUV P. S. yupÉ4JW - that I may seek YUPLbEq; YUPLbE"tE ing
YUPLbE~ YUPCbOUV P.S. yupCOW - that I may return
P.C. I was seeking
Pr. P. ÉXW yupÉ4JEl - that I may have sought P. C. I was returning Pr.P.£xw yupCO~'-
yupEua YUPEuallE "'o t h at I may have
yupEUES" yupEuaTE YUPLba yupCbalJ,E returned
yUpEUE yupEuav YUPLbE~ YUPLba"tE
Imperative YUPLbE YÓPLbav Imperative
P.S. I sought P.S. I returned P.
yupE4Ja yupÉ4JallE P. yupEUE - be seeking (sing.) YUPLbE - be returning (sing.)
yup~oa yupLOalJ,E
yUpÉ4JaTE yUpEuETE - be seeking (pI.)
YUPE4JES" YUPLOE~ yupCoa"tE YUPLbE"tE - be returning (pI.)
YUPE4JE yupE4JaV YUPLOC; YUPLOaV
P. S.
Pr. P. I have sought Infinitive F.C. I s h a Lr
be returning YUPLOE - return (sing.)
Éxw yupÉ4JEl OO YUPLbW &a YUPCbOlJ,E
ÉXElS" yupÉ4JEl .. etc. P. va yUpEUEl - to be seeking OO YUPCbC;~~ aa YUPCbE"tE YUPLO"tE- return (pl.)
OO YUPCbEL oo YUPCbOUV Infinitive
P.P. ElXa yupÉlj.lEl - I had sought P.S. va yupÉ4JEl - to seek
F.S. I shall return
&a yupCow &a YUPCOOlJ,E P.S. va YUPCOEL - to return
F.P. 8a Éxw yupÉ4JEl - I shall have Participle
sought &a YUPCOEL~ &a YUPCOE"tE
yu pEuovTaS" - seeking &a YUPCOEL Ba YUpCoouv
Participle
Pr.P.I have returned
Examples: ~xw YUPCOEL YUPLbOV"ta~ - returning
I am looking for you.
É:XE~~ •.. etc. *In t~e Passive Voice only the
L:E yUpEUW. Past S~mple Tense and the partici
rUpEUEl TO I3ll3AlO TT]S". She is looking for her book. P.P. E~xa YUPLOEL- I had returned ple are common:
ea yupÉ4JOUIlE va I3poullE «u-ró We will look to find what we want.
rrou 8ÉAOU ue. F.P. &a €XW YUPCOEL - I shall have P.S. YUpCo"tnxa YUPLOn;XalJ,E
L:E yupEua ÓAT] TT] IlÉpa. I was looking for you all day long. returned yupCO"tnXE~ YUPLonlxa"tE
Tl yUpEUElS"; What are you looking for? yupCO"tnXE YUPLO"tnxav
ME YUPE4JE KavÉvaS"; Did anybody ask for me?
MT] yupEUETE EOW. L:l.EV unápXEl Do not look here. There is nothing. The verb is commonly used in the
,I,
TlnoTE. third person, as: "to ~[AlJ, YUpLO"tnXE
We looked for him everywhere,but we o"tnv EAAáôa- the film was filmed in
Tov yupÉ4JallE nanou, Ila OEV Greece
TOV I3p~KaIlE. did not find him.
Passive Participle
YUPLOlJ,EV-O~,-n,-o - filmed
rSA-W
Ma~ €xavs va ysA-áoo~s.
He made us laugh. 'Eypal)Ja Éva ypá~~a OLov 6SLO ~OU I wrote a letter to my uncle in Ame
He tricked me. He fooled me. OLnv A~SPLXn. rica.
Ms yÉA-aos. _
O~ ~CA-O~ ~ou stxav ysA-aOLs~.
M friends had been tricked. . 'Eypal)Js iva wpaLo ~U6LOLÓpn~a nau He wrote a beautiful novel which is
L~ugh as much as you want. It a s good. LO oLaSá~sL aA-O~ O XÓO~O~. read by all people.
rSA-dLs aoo 6ÉA-sLs. KávSL ~aA-ó. We laughed a lot listening to the comedy.
rSA-áoa~s nOAu ~s Lnv XW~woLa. AULn n nÉvva oÉ ypá~SL. This pen does not write.
For tune smiles at me. ( I am lucky). OL apxaLOL Eypa~av n&vw as nspya The ancients wrote on parchments
H Luxn ~ou ysA-d.
~nvÉ~ xaL oÉp~aLa. and hides.
rS]J.Cb;~ O~ VÓ~OL LOU EÓA-wva YP&~Lnxav nsv Solon's laws were written about five
LaxóoLa s~Oo~nvLa XPóvLa npo XPL hundred and seventy years B.C.
W filled the glasses with wine. oL06 (n.X.).
rS~Loa~s La nOLnpLa ~s xpaot.
T~e theater was filled with people. O aOLuvo~LXÓ~ LOV Éypal)Js YLaL~
To 6ÉaLPo yÉ~LOS anó XÓO~o. The officer gave him a ticket for
Your decision gives me great plea- tSLPSXS rtoxó ,
H anó~aon oou ~s YS~Lb;s~ anó speeding.
sure. . H KaLVn ~La6nxn YP&~Lnxs oLnv The New Testament was written in Greek.
xapá.. ô The tires were filled wlth air. SA-AnVLXn YAr1xJoa:
Ta A-á.oL~xa sLxav ys~~oLs~ an
aÉpa. E8 ypá~w a~a naÂná ~ou La nanou- (Lit. I write you on myoId shoes)
Ta ~áLLa LOU yÉ~Loav anó oá.xpua. HlS eyes filled with tears. of money). I do not esteem you. I disregard you.
He became rich. (He is full
rt~Los ~S xpn~aLa.
rUpt.kW
rsvvuS
rUpLoa~s anó LO LaECOL ~a~ xLs~. We returned from our trip yesterday.
The mother bore twins. ea YUP(.OSL o LPOxÔ~.
H ~nLÉpa yÉvvnos OLOu~a. The wheel will turn (The fortune will
I was born in Greece. I
rsvvn6nxa OLnv EA-Aáoa. He was born on a Saturday. .
change.)
rsvvn6nxs Eá.~SaLo. To aULOXLVnLO YUPLOS avánooa. The car overturned.
New stars are being born contlnuously Tau YÓPLOS Lnv páxn.
KavvoupYLa dOLpa ysvvLodvLaL ou- He despised him. (Lit. He t u r n e d his ).
in the universe. back to him) I
vsXw~ aLa ou~nav. Bn6A-S- Christ was born in Bethlehem.
O XPLOLÓ~ ysvvn6nxs OLn rUpt.(SL La ÂÓYLa LOU Lwpa. Now he is changing his words.
,. É~. â~ YUpC(SL LO XS~á.AL LOU s0xoAa. He does not change his mind easily. Ii
(He is stubborn).
rvwp~ (;;w By his continuous talk he made him
change his mind.
rvwpCb;w LOV rLávvn. I know John. My friend roams around (Either for
He (she) knows Greek well. work or to have a good time).
rVwpC~sL SA-A-nVLxá. xaA-~. I know nothing about this matter.
~S YVWPL~W LLnoLa yL aULó LO fUPLOS ncow. He came back. He returned.
UILn~a. fupLoa LO SLSA-eO oLav fLávvn. I returned the book to John.
He (she) knows many things. Axó~a os ~ou YUPLOS La AS~Lá
rVWpC~sL nOA-A-á npáyuccLa. He has not as yet returned the money
He (she) can forecast the weather. nau ~OU XPWOLd.
rVWpL~sL LOV xaLPó. he owes me.
We met him in America. AULn n LaLVLa YUPLOLnXS OLnv EA This film was made in Greece.
Tov yvwpLoa~s OLnv A~spLxn.
I did not recognize you. . Aáoa.
~S as yvŵpLoa.
I recognized him by the VOlC~ .. O 6sCo~ ~ou YUP(.~EL aUpLO.
Tov yvwPLoa anó Ln ~wvn LOU. My uncle is returning tomorrow
I am acquainted with Mr. Vaslilades. 'Exouv YUPLOSL anó LO LaE(.oL LOU~.
rvwpC~o~aL ~s LOv XUPLO BaoL They have returned from their 1ourney.
(We know each other). OL Lpoxoé LOU aULOXLVnLOU yupt. The wheels of the car turn very fast.
A-SLá.on.
b;ouv nOAU ypnyopa.
I~I
BÉvw (1) - to bind; to tie; to fasten
I
I
'I BdXV(1) (1) - to show
I Indicative Subjunctive Active Voice, Indicative
----- Passive Voice, Indicative
P. P. I tie I am being tied, I am tied
I show P. B€txvw - that I may be showing BÉvw BÉvolJ_€ BÉVO]J.aL Be;vojJ.ao.e;
B€~XVW B€LXVOjJ.€ BÉve;LG B~ve;.e; ôÉ\Ie;OaL BÉve;o.e;
Bdxv€ LG B€LXV€.€ BÉve;L ôÉvouv
B€LXVOUV P.S. B€LEw - that I may show B~ve;.aL B~vovLaL
B€~XV€L
Pr.P. txw B€LE€L- that I may have shown P.C. I was tyin", I was being tied
P.C. J was showing ÉB€va B~vajJ.e; Be;vójJ.ouv
shown B€VójJ.aoLe;
éB€LXVa B€~xvajJ.€ ~Be;ve;G B~va.€ Be;vooouv ôEvooaoLe:
~B€LXV€G B€~Xva.€ tBe;v€ éôe;vav B€VÓLaV
ÉB€LXV€ EB€LXVaV Imperative &vov.av
B€~XV€ - be showing (sing.) P.S. I tied I was tied
I showed P •.
P. S. ~Be;oa BÉoajJ.e; ô8anxa Be:anXajlE
e:B€LEa ô€LEajJ.€ €Be;oe;G
6ë~XV€.€ - be showing (pl.) ô~oaLe; BÉanxe;G Be:anxa.e:
e:OC L E€G ôdEa.€ É6e;0e; e:B€oav Manxe; B8anXaV
ÉB€LE€ éB€LEav
P. S. ô~~E€ - show (sing.)
F. C. I shall be tying I shall be tied
F.C. I shall be showing
B~~E€.€ - show (pl.) aa ôévo aa B~vojJ.e; OO B8vojJ.aL OO Be:vójJ.aoLE
aa. B€LXVW aa Ô€CxvojJ.€
aa BÉV€LG aa ô~ve;.e; aa BÉvEoaL aa ôÉve;oLE
aa B€LXV€LG aa B€~xv€.€ aa B~ve;L
aa BdXV€L aa B€LXVOUV
aa 5Évouv aa B8ve;LaL aa B8vov.aL
Infinitive
F. S. I shall tie I shall be tied
I shall show aa BÉow aa. B~oojJ.€
aa ôe; L EOjJ.e; P. P. OO BEach aa BF;aoójJ.e;
aa BdEw aa B80€L!; aa ô80e;.e; aa. Be:a€~G
aa ódE€LG aa ôd En€ aa ôe:a€C.e;
aa ôÉoe;L aa o~oouv aa. Be:aE;~ aa BEaOuV
aa. BdE€ L aa BdEouv
Participle Pr.P. I have tied I have b~en tied
I haveJshown Éxw B80e;L Éxw BEaE(
Éxw Bd,Ee;L ixe;LG ••• etc. /
e:XELG ••• etc.
Éxe;LG •••
P.P. e;~xa B80e;L - I had tied E~xa Be;ae;{ - I had been tied
e;Lxa B€LE€L - I had shown
F.!:'. aa Éxw B~oe;L - I shall have aa Éxw Be;a€{ - I shall have been
aa Éxw ô£LEe;L - I shall
tied tied
have shown
SUBJUNCTIVE
Examples:
P. BÉvw - that I may be tying BÉvOjlaL - that I may be tied
P. S. BÉow - that I may tie BE5w - that I may be tied
Pr.P. Éxw BÉoe;L - that I may have €XW Ôe:5e:L - that I may have been
, .0 ~L~ALO .OU. He shows me the book. tied
Mou ôe;LXve;L , h h t h makes you appear fat. tied
H ~w.oypa~~a ae; Ôe;CXV€L naxu. T e p o ograp . IMPERATIVE
O OXUAOG Ô€LXVe;L .a BÓv.La .0u.The dog shows hlS teeth. P. B~ve; - be tying (sing.) BÉvou - be tied ( sing.)
~ou ôe;LXvw .nv ayánn jJ.OU jJ.e;.a I show you my love through my BÉve;.e; - be tying (pl.) B8ve;0.e; -be tied (pl.)
Bwpa jJ.OU. gifts. P. S. Ô£O€ - tie (sing.) BÉaou - be tied (sing.)
ACL'~e; "OU .ov BpojJ.O. Show me the way. BÉO€Le;-BÉoLe; - tie (pl.) B€ae;~Le; - be tied (pl.)
u~ s
t:,.e;Cxve;L~ nWG OO ÉxojJ.e; ~POXII'
~ It seems th a t w e will have rain. INFINITIVE
'EB€L~€.n xapa .OU. He showed his joy. - to tie va. Be;ae;C - to be tied
PARTICIPLE
ôe:jJ.Év-OG,-n,-o - tied
-76-
-77- (For examples see p. 88)
6ExogaL - (deponent verb,3) - to accept
oÉ:pvw (1) - to beat; to spank
Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
r-:;;m b-;;'~t~-;-I--;m -b-;-ing-beaten P. I accept
P. I beat oÉxojJ.aL osxÓjJ.aOTS
oÉpvw 6ÉpvojJ.s oÉpvOjJ.aL oSPvójJ.aOTS
6ÉxsoaL OÉXSOTS P. - that I. may be
OÉ:PVSLs OÉ:PVSTS 6ÉpvsoaL OÉPVSOTS
6EXSTaL oExovTaL accepting
6É:PVSL 6É:pvouv oÉpvSTaL OÉpvovTaL
P. s. that I may accept
I was being beaten
P. c. I was accepting
P.C. I was beating osxójJ.ouv osxójJ.aoTs
oÉpvajJ.s ospvójJ.ouv oSPvojJ.aoTs Pr.P. Éxw OSXTSC - that I may
Éospvo. OSXÓOOUV osxóoaoTs
oÉ:PvaTs ospvóocuv ospvóoaoTs have accepted
Éospvss osxóTav oExovTav
Éoq::,vav OSPVÓTCV OÉpvovTav
ÉOSpvs
P. S. I accepted
P. S. I beat I was beaten
oap&n}tajJ.s oÉXTn}ta oSXTfpiajJ.S
ÉosLpa OS LpajJ.s odp&r)}ta
oap&n}taTS OÉ:XTn}tss oSXTn}taTs P. OÉ:XOU - be accepting
ÉOSLPSs ostpaTS oáp&n}ts,:;;
oáp&n}tav OEXTn}tS oÉ:XTn}tav (sing.)
É6SLPS ÉosLpav oó'p&n}tS
OÉXSOTS - be accepting
I shall be beaten
F. c. I shall be accepting (p 1. )
F. C. I s h a Li, be beating &0. OEXOjJ.a.L &0. osx6jJ.aoTS P. S.
&0. oÉpvojJ.s &0. oÉpVOjJ.aL &0. ospVÓjJ.aOTS OÉ:XTOU - accept (Sing.)
&0. oÉpvw &0. oExsoaL &0. OEXSOTS
&a. 08PVSTS &0. oÉpVSO~L &0. OÉ:PVSOTS
&Ct oÉPV S L S Ôd. oÉxsTaL &0. oÉxovTaL
Ba OÉ:PVSL &0. oÉ:P-JGJV &0. OÉPVSTQL &0. OÉpVOVTaL
F.P. &0. Éxw OSLPSL- I shall have &0. Éxw oap&sL - I shall have
been beaten F. P. &0. Éxw OSXTSC - I shall have
beaten
a c c e p t ed
SUBJUNCTIVE Examples: I
P. 6Épvw - that I may be beating 6ÉPVOjJ.aL
oap&ill -
- that
~hat I
I may be beaten
may be beaten
.6.Éx-rnxS 'ro bwpo ue ]lqó,An He accepted the gift with great I'
P.S. osCpw - that I may beat xapá. joy. I
Pr.P. Éxw OSLPSL - that I may have Éxw oap&sL - that I may have been
AUPLo Ôd. 6SXTOUl-).S -rOU':;; EÉvous ]:J.as Tomorrow we will welcome our ! I
beaten beaten
anó -rnv Eupŵnn. guests from Europe.
IMPERATIVE
~EXTnXS va nAnpŴOSL XLALa. OOAAá He agreed to pay one thousand
P. OEPVS - be beating (sing-:--Y-----ô'lPvou - be beaten (slng.)
PLa. yLd. -ro OUOTUXnjJ.a. nou npoxó' dollars for the accident he
OEPVSTS - be beating (pl.) OEPVSOTS- be beaten (pl.) ASOE. caused.
P. S. oSLps - beat (sing.) Oó,p&ou - be beaten (sing.)
GSLPSTS - beat (pl.) Oo.p&SLTS- be beaten (pl.)
~sx-r~xaus -rnv npóoxAnOn -rOUs OT0v We accepted the invitation to I
yájJ.o -rns xópns TOUS •. their daughter's wedding. I
~ÉxouaL 'rriv mWAoy Ca oou. I accept your apology.
INFINITIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. ôLaJeÉyw - that I may b~----~LaAEYOuaL- that I may be chosen
SUBJUNCTIVE choosing
be reading ól,a(3á.h;ouo.l..- that I may be read P. S. oLaAE~w - that I may choose OLaAEXTW - that I may be chosen
P. ól.a!3á.h;w - that I may Pr.P. Éxw ÓLo.JeÉ~EL - that I may
Ól.o.!3a.OW - that I may read óLa.!3aoTw - t?at I may be read Éxw Ól.aAEXTEL- that I may have
P. S. may have BXW ól.a(3aoLEL - that I may have have chosen
É:XW Ól..o.!3á.o£l.- bhat r been chosen
Pr.P. IMPERATIVE been read
read
IMPERATIVE
ót.a(3á.h;ou - be read (sing.) P. ôLaJeEYE - be choosing (sing~-)ôLaAEYOU - be chosen (sing.)
ôI..4(3a6£ - be reading sing.)
P. ót.a!3a.h;EOLE - be read (pl.) ót.aAÉYETE- be choosing(pl.) ôLaJeEYEoTE- be chosen (pl.)
Ôl..a(3á.h;ELE - be reading (p 1. )
ót.a(3a.oou - be read (sing.) P. S. ÔLá.AE~E - choose (sing.) ÔLaJeÉ:~Ou,- be chosen (sing.)
P.S. ót.á(3aoE - read (sing.)
ôt.a(3aaLEtTE - be read (pl.) OLo.JeÉ:~TE - choose (sing.) oLaAEXTELTE- be chosen (pl.)
ôt.a!3á.oL£ - read (pl.)
INFINITIVE
vo. Ôt.a(3aOL£~- to be read INFINITIVE
P. S. va óLa!3áoEt. - to read P. S. va oLaJeE~EL - to choose va Ol.aJeEXTEC - to be chosen
PARTICIPL~
ól..a(3aouEv-oG, -n,-o - read PARTICIPLE
oLaAEyovTas - chaos ing----&aJeEyUÉ:V-Os, -11,-0 - chosen
(For examples see p. 88)
(For examples see p. 88)
-80- -81-
OLoá.O"KW (1) - 1: teach
OLo,O"KEOá.1:';W (1) - to amuse m y.s e If ,' to enJ'oy myself; to have
a good time
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Subjunctive P. I teach I am being taught, I am taught
Indicative OLOaO"KW oLOá.O"KO)J.E
I enj oy myself oLoá.axouaL oLoaaxóuaOl:"E
P. P. OLaO"KEoá.1:';w - that I may oLoá.O"KELs OLOa.OliEl:"E oLoá.O"KEOaL oLoá.axEOl:"E
OLaO"KEoá.1:';w OLo,O"KEoá.1:';O)J.E
OLaO"KEoa.1:';El:"E be enjoying myself oLoá.O"KEL OLOa.axoUV oLoaoxE.at. OLoa.oxOVl:"aL
OLaO"KEoá.1:';ELs oLaaxEoa.ow - that I may
OLaO"KEoa.1:';ouv P. S.
O WO"KEoá.1:';E L enjoy myself P. C. I was teaching I was being taught
Pr.P. €XW oLaaxEoá.oEL- that I oCoaoxa oLoá.oXaj.1.E OL ôcoxóuoo» oLoaaxóuaOl:"E
P.C. I was enjoying myself
oLaoxEoá.1:';aj.1.E have enjoyed myself oCoaoxEs oLoá.axal:"E oLoaoxóaouv oLoaaxóoaOl:"E
oLaoxÉoa1:';a oCoaoxE oCoaoxav
o LaoxEoá.1:';cnE oLoaaxOl:"av oLoá.oxOVl:"av
o wax É 00.1:'; E S
oLaoxÉoa1:';av Imperative
oLaoxEoa1:';E P. S. I taught I was taught
P. oLaoxEoa1:';E - be enjoying oCoa!;a oLoá.!;aj.1.E oLoá.xnlxa OL oax -niXaj.1.E
P.S. I enjoyed myself yourself(sing.) oCoa!;Es oLoá.!;al:"E
OLaO"KEoa.oa1-LE oLoá.x.nXEs OL oax nixa.E
OLaO"KÉoaoa oLaaxEoa1:';El:"E- be enjoy oCoa!;E oLoa!;av
oLaaxEoá.aa.TE OLOa.x.nxE OLoa.Xl:"nXav
oLaaxÉoaOEs ing yourselves (pl.)
OLaO"KÉoaaE OLaO"KÉoaoav
F. C. I shall be teaching I shall be taught
P.S. oLaOXEoaOE - enjoy your~ {Jo. oLoá.OXW {Jo. o Loá.axOj.1.E {Jo. OLoa.oxouaL {Jo. oLoaaxÓj.1.aaTE
F.C. I shall be enjoying myself self {Jo. OL0áoXELs {Ja. oLoá.axETE {Ja. oLoá.oxEoaL {Ja. OLOa.axEOTE
{Jo. oLaoxEoá.1:';w {Jo. oLaaxEoa.60j.1.E {Jo. oLoá.axEL
oLaoxEoa.Ol:"E - enjoy {Jo. oLoá.oxouv {Jo. oLoá.axETaL {}a. OLOaO"KOVTaL
{Jo. oLaoxEoá.6E vc {Jo. oLaaxEoá.6En.:
yourselves
{Jo. O LaoxEoá.6E L "{Jo. O LaoxE6á.6ouv F. S. I shall teach I shall be taught
Inf"ini tive {Jo. oLoá!;w {Jo. oLoá.!;Oj.1.E {Jo. oLoaXTW{ {Jo. oLoaXTOUUE
F. S. I shall enjoy myself {Jo. oLoá.!;ELs {Jo. oLoa!;ETE
{Jo. oLaoxEoá.ow {Ja. oLaaxEoá.oOj.1.E {Jo. oLoaX.ELs {Jo. oLoaXTELTE
va oLaoxEoa.OEL - to {Jo. oLoá!;EL {Jo. OLOa.!;OUV {Jo. oLoaXTE~ {Jo. oLoaXTOOv
{Jo. oLaoxEoá.oELs {Jo. OLaO"KEoa.OE.E P. S.
{Jo. oLaoxEoá.oEL {Jo. oLaoxEoá.oouv enjoy
Pr.P. ~XW oLoá.!;EL - I have taught €XW oLoaXTEL - I have been
I ÉXELs ••• etc.
Éxw o L"9,OXEoá.OE L - I have enj oyed 8XELs ••• taught
,. Pr.P.
~XELS ••• myself P.P.
Participle ELxa OLOá.!;EL- I had taught Etxa oLoaXTEC - I had been
ELxa oLaaxEoá.oEL- I had enjoyed taught
P.P. oLaoxEoá.6ovTas - enjoy F. P. {Jo. IS'XW OL oá.!;E L - I shall {Jo. Éxw oLoaXTEC - I shall have
myself
ing have taught been taught
F.P. {Jo. ÉXw oLaaxEoá.oEL - I shall have
enjoyed myslef
SUBJUNCTIVE
-82- PARTICIPLE
oLoáoxovTas - teaching oLoaYUÉv-os,-n,-o - taught
-83- (For examples see p. 89)
ÓLVW (1) - to give o~~w (2) - to be thirsty
Ii Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Indicative Subjunctive
I I am being given, I am given P. I am thirsty
P. I give
OLVW OCVO~E óLvo~a~ o~vó~aacE ÓL~C:) óL~06~£ P. ÓL~Ŵ - that I may be
ÓL\/E~!; ÓLVELE óCv~aa~ óCVEacE ó~~dG óL~ácE thirsty
ÓLVE~ oCVQUV oCVELa~ oevoVca~ óL~á óL~Qciv P.S. óL~aaw- that I may be
,I thirsty
I was being given P.C. I was being thirsty
P.C. I was giving Pr.P. €:xw oL~aa.e:L- that I may have
Éo~va óCva~e: ó~vó~ouv óLv6~aaLE oL~o60a óL~ouaa~e: been thirsty
É6~VE!; ÓCvaLe: ó~vóaouv óLvóaaaLE óL~06ae:!; óL~ouoaLe:
~Ó~VE EOLvav ô t vó rcv óLvoVLav óL~ouae: ÓLJ-VOUQav Imperative
SUBJUNCTIVE
oCvo~aL- that I may hp given
P. OLVW -that I may bp giving
P. S. oroow - that I m a y give B05w - that I may be given
Éxw BWOe:L- that I may have given~Xw B05E(- gl.yen
t~at I may have been Example~:
Pr.P.
OOUAEjJ.ÉV-Os,-n,-o - worked
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. 60X~1J.d.6w - that I may be trying 60XL1J.d.60).+0.~ - that I may be tried
P.S. 6ox~1J.áaw - that I may try ~OXL1J.o.a.W- th~t I m~y try Examples:
Pr.P.€XW 60xL).+d.aE~ - that I may have ~xw 60xL1J.o.a.E~ - that I may have
tried IMPERATIVE been tried 60UAEUEL axAnpa.. He works very hard.
60UAsl)J0. TPLo. XPOVLo. jJ.a.YEl-Po.s. r worked as a cook for three years.
P. 60XL1J.0.6E - be trying (sing.) 60XL).+a.60U - be tried (sing.) To ).+Uo.AÓ .OU 60UAEUEL yp~yo His mind works quickly. (He has a
6ox~).+d.6Ea.E - be tried (pl.) po.. quick mind.)
60XL).+d.6E.E - be trying (pl.)
P.S. 60xC1J.o.aE - try (sing.) 60xL1J.d.al:OU - be tried (sing.) To POAÔYL Os 60UAEUE~. The clock (watch) does not work.
6ox~).+d.a.E - try (plo) 6oxL1J.o.a.Ec.E - be tried (plo) To Xo.AOXo.CPL TO. &Eo.Tpo. OS During the summer the theaters
OOUASUOUV. are closed.
INFINITIVE @ÉTOs OOuAEl)Jo.jJ.E Xo.Ad.. This year we had good business.
ME OOUAEUE L . He is teasing me.
vo. 6oxL).+d.aEL - to try vo. 60XL1J.o.a.E{ - to be tried
PARTICIPLE
6ox~).+a.60V.o.s -trying --------60xL1J.o.a1J.Év-os,-n,-o -tried -87-
-86- (For examples see p. 89)
r
C,EVW
They tied his hands. H K~Lvn c,La~nxn ~a.\;; bL6ao}tEL va The New Testament teaches us to love
Tau t6Eoav "to. XEPI-a. The shepherd tied the lamb close ayaHa~E "tOUb t:X~POÓ\;; ~a\;;. our enemies.
O ~OO}tO\;; É6EOE "tO apvL }tov"tá aE Au"tó\;; o }ta~nyn"tn\;; bLbao}tEL xn~EL- This professor teaches chemistry.
to a tree.
Éva 6EV"tPO. The lamb was tied by the shepherd. 0..
To apvC 6E~n}tE ano "tov ~OO}tO, The strike has tied my hands. (Is h"tO OXOAELO ~E-rO\;; bLbaX"tnlia~E ~his year we were taught many sub
H anEPyCa ~ou ÉXEI- 6EOEI- "to. XÉ nOAAa ~a~n~a"ta. Jects at school.
hinderingmy work).
pI-a. The bookseller bound all the books O hWlipá"tn\;; bCbaoxE Ó-rL "ta LEPW Socrates used to teach that the most
O ~1-~AI-OnWAn\;; É6EOE óAa "to. ~I-- "tE~O npay~a o"tn ~wn ECvaL n na sacred thing in life is fatherland.
in leather.
~ACa ~E 6Ep~a. ~e dressed the wound and the blood "tpLba.
c,Eoa~E "tnv nAnyn }tal- "ta aL~a O ~PLO"tO\;; 6Cb~OliE ~E napa~OAE\;;. Christ used to teach in parables.
stopped.
o"taua"tnOE. The horses had been tied in the c,Lbao}tw "tPEL\;; WPE\;; OUVEXWs. I have been teaching for three
Ta áAoya ELxav 6E~EL o"tov o"taó- hours.
stable.
Aa. nOLÓ\;; 6LbaoliEL ~a~n~a"tL}tá; Who teaches mathematics?
C,EpVW c,Cvw
O o6nyo\;; É6EI-PE "ta ~wo
áYPl-a.
The driver beat the animal savagely.
The father spanked John who was noaa 6CVE Ls Y L' au"tn Ll) 60UAE Lái How much do you offer for this job?
O na"tEpa\;; É6EI-PE "tov rl-avvn nau Au"to\;; o áv~pwno\;; ~OU beVEL o"ta This man makes me nervous.
troublesome.
É}tavE a"taECE\;;. Many guards beat the prisoners. vEtJPa.
nOAAOC ~óAa}tE\;; 6Épvouv "taU\;; ~uAa- ~OU bLvw "tov AOYO ~OU. I promise you.
}tI-O~EVOUb' He was beaten by the thieves. c,Cvw 0"t0 naLbC va lia"taAá~EL. I make the child understand.
c,ap~n}tE ana "taU\;; }tAE~"tE\;;. My father never spanked me. 'Eôcooo.v "ta. XEP La. Th~y joined their hands. They became
O na"tEpa\;; uou rto r 6E ~E É6E I-PE:.
é
Teachers are not allowed to beat frlends again.
OI- 6ao}taAol- 6EV ~nopouv va 6Épvouv 'OAOL É6woav XEPL O"tOV ~"tWXó áv Everybody helped the poor man to
"ta. nal-61-a o"to OXOAE~O. the children at school.
~pwno va. Eavali"tLOEL -ro onC"tL "tOU. rebuild his house.
Tou ÉbwoE aÉpa. He gave him too much freedom.
MVE "tau. Get out of here.
;.
Every evening I study the lessons of Axóun t vco liaL "to liE~aAL uou
ô
I even bet my life.
Ká~E ~pa6u 6I-a~a~w "to. ~a~n~a"ta H 6LaA~En bó~nxE X"tEs ~pá6u •• The.lec~ure was given last night.
the next day.
"tn\;; enO~EVn\;; ~Épa\;;. I read a nice novel. eO. bO~EL ~EyáAO bELnvo. A blg dlnner will be given.
c,l-a~aoa tva wpa~o ~u~l-o"tOpn~a.
This child never studies.
Au ró "to nal-bC non: BE bl-a~a~EI-. I read in your eyes what is wrong. C,Oli L~akw
~LaS&~w o"ta ~a"tl-a oou "t~ ÉXEI-\;;.
(I detect ... )
I will scold him severely when he They tried to escape from the prison.
Elo. "tov 6l-a~aow }taAa ó"tav YUPCOEI-.
returns.
The terms of the contract were read Have you tasted this food?
OI- ÓPOI- "tau ou~~oAaCou 6I-aBáo"tn We suffered much during this trip.
by all.
}tav ano ÓAOU\;;.
The child tries to walk but he cannot
do it.
c,l-aAEEa~E ó,"tl- ~EAa~E. We chose what we wanted. Try once more.
Tnv nÝjpE nOAAn wpa va. 61-aAÉEEI- }ta- She took a long time to choose a This engine has been tested.
The tires of the cars are tested
nEAAo. hat. before they are used.
c,l-aAEEav "tov c,n~n"tpn yl-a a.PXnyo They chose Jimmy as their leader.
They suffered many misfortunes in life.
,I "tOU\;;.
'EnpEnE va 61-aAÉEEI- ~E"taEó ~avá"tou He had to choose between death and
}tat. a"tl-~Ca\;;. dishonor.
See o.YXn;;w page 2 EegaL -(auxiliary verb)- to be
€XXL6~ (1) - to touch; to approach;
I was informed The verb has no forms for the perfect tenses. It borrows
P. S. I notified the forms from the verb unápxw.
EL60nOLnoa]J.E EL ôorto L n~m{.(l. EL ôorto L n~nxa]J.E
EL60noCnoa EXW unápEEL - I have been
EL60noLnoa.E EL60nOLn~nXEs EL60nOLn~nxa.E
EL60noLnOEs ELxa unápEEL - I had been
EL60noLnoav EL ôorto L r')tmXE EL ôorto L n~nxav
EL60noCnOE ~a €XW unápEEL - I shall have been
I shall be notifying I shall be informed
F.C.
~a EL60noLw ~a EL60noLou]J.E ~a EL60noLoÓ]J.aL
~u. EL60nOLE(s ~a EL60nOIEL.E ~a EL60noLELoaL Examples:
~a EL60nOLEl ~a EL60noLouv etc.
ITOLUs ECvaL au.óGi Who is this?
I shall be informed E~vaL xa\óG áv~pwnos. He is a good man.
F. S. I shall notify
~a EL60noLnOO]J.E ~a EL60noLn~W llŵG e i o r e : How are you?
~a EL60noLnOW
~o. E L60noLlloE.E ~a EL60nOLTl~Ets TL E e vaL i What is it?
~u. EL60noLnOELs
~a E1.60nOLnOOOV etc. EL)laL E6w. I am here.
~a ELqonoLnoEL
O áv~pwnoG 6EV ELvaL ua\a. The man is not well.
,. I have- notified I have been infomred E~vaL anó TTlV A~nva. He is from Athens.
Pr.P. To ort r , ECvaL 'HIs a6E\q.,f)G Tns. The house belongs to her sister.
txw EL60noLnOEL Éxw EL60noLn~EC é
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. t;;}{TL~u)/ - that I may be valuing EXTL~LE].1aL- that I may be valued
Examples:
EUcL~"OW - that I may value E~TL~lI~~- that I may be valued
P. S. EATIC~W va ip~w.
ixw tucL~"Oe.L - that I may have ~xw ~uTLUn~EL - that I may have I hope to come.
Pr.P. EATICbO~E yLa XáTL xaAóTEpo
valued been valued We hope for something better.
IMPERATIVE EATIC~OUV 6cL Ta TIaLOLá COU~ They hope that their children will
~o. YLVOUV uaAoL áV~PWTIOL. become good men.
P. EUTC~o. - be valuing (sing.)
TIP8TIEL TIaVcOcE va tATIC~£L\;;. You must always have hope.
EUTL~áTE- be valuing (pl.)
EUTC].1nOE - value (sing.) EUcL~nOOU- be valued (sing.)
P. S.
EXcL~fio~E - value (pl.) EU.L~n~ELT£- be valued (pl.)
INFINITIVE
Va. EXTL~n~EC- to be valued
PARTICIPLE
€UTL~n~EV-O\;;,-n,-O - valued -93-
(For examples see p. 105)
-92-
€VWVW (1)- to unite; to join together; bind together
SlLno6CkW (1) - to prevent; to hinder; to impede; to obstruct
ixw El-LTIo6LOLé~ I have been Pr.P. I have united I have been united
Pr.P. €XW €l-LTIOÔLO€L I have prevent
. .\
EX€Ls : ••. etc. ed €XEL(:; ••• etc. preventeJ ixw EVWOEL Éxw Evw&d
~X€L(:; .•• etc. É;XELs ••• etc.
€lxa €l-LTI06LOEL- I had prevent ELXa EllTIOÔLO~E~- I had been
P.P. prevented P.P. €Lxa €VWOEL - I had united ELxa EVW&Et - I had been united
ed
&0. ÉXW El-LTIo6LOEL - I shall have &0. ÉXW tl-LTI06LO~EC- I shall have
F.P. been prevented F.P. &0. €XW EVWOEL - I shall &0. txw EVW&EC I shall have been
prevented
have united united
SUBJUNCTIVE
El-LTIo6LkOl-LaL- that I may be SlfBJUNCTIVE
P. €l-LTIOÔLkW - that I may be
preventing prevented led
El-LTIo6L01:"W-that I may be prevent P. EVWVW - that r .ma y be uniting €VWVOl-LaL- that I may be united
P. S. El-LTIo6LOW - that I may prevent EVWOW - that I may unite
~Xw €l-LTI06L01:"EL - that I may P. S. €vw&w - that I may be united
Pr.P. Éxw €l-LTIOÔCOEL - that I may have Pr.P. €XW €VWO€L- that I may have
have been prevented Éxw €VW&EL - that I may have been
prevented
IMPERATIVE united united
El-LTIó6LkE -be preventing (sing.) €1lTI06LkOU - be prevented (sing.) IMPERATIVE
P.
El-LTIo6CkETE - be preventing (pl.) El-LTIo6LkE01:"E-be prevented (pl.)
P. ÉVWV€ - be uniting (sing.) EVWVOU - be united (sing.)
P. S. El-LTIó6LOE - prevent (sing.) El-LTIo6LOOU - be prevented (sing.)
El-LTIo6LO~E - prevent (pl.) €llTIo6LOL€~TE- be prevented (pl.) €VWV€L€ be uniting (pl.) €VWV€01:"€ be uni ted (pl.)
SUBJUNCTIVE
Examples:
I
We will continue our journey P. EEnyw- that I may be explaining EEnYOUllaL- that I may be explain
ea EEaxOAOUanOOllE LO LaEL6L lla(;; ed
QlJPLO. tomorrow.
We hope this bad weather will not P. S. EEnynow - that I may explain EEnynaw - that I may be explained
EAnL~OllE aULas o xaxó(;; xaLpós Pr.P. ixw EEnYnOE L - that I may have Éxw EEnynaEC- that I may have
vo; uri E EaxOAouanOE L . continue.
The king died but his work will explained heen explained
O ~aOLALáb nÉaaVE aAAá LO Épyo IMPERATIVE
LOU Ba EEaxOAOUanOEL. continue.
P. EEnya - be explaining (sing.)
EEaxOAOUaa va 6La~á~EL(;;. Continue reading.
~EnyciLE- be explaining (pl.)
P. S. EEnynoE- explain (sing.) E~ny~o~u - be explained (sing.)
EEnynOLE - explain (pl.) EEnynaEtLE- be explained (pl.)
INFINITIVE
~ .
va EEnynoEL - to explain va €EnynaEL - to be explained
-96- PARTICIPLE
:( EEnyŵvLa(;; - explaining EEnynll€V-O(;;,-n,-o- explained
I
I
-97- (For examples see p . 106)
T
zrravaAag~ávw (1) - to repeat; to resume (3) - to wish; to desire; to long for
F.C.I shall be repeating I shall be repeated F.C. I shall be wishing ErrLOUl-lELOTE - wish (pl.)
oo. ErraVaAal-l[3ávw etc. oo. ErraVaAal-l13ávol-la~ ou. ErrLOUl-l~ oa ErrLOUl-lOul-lE
oo. crravaAal-l~ávE~~ oo. ErraVaAal-l13ávEoa~ oo. ErrLOUl-ld~ &0. Err LOUl-lEL TE InfiniLive
oo. trravaAal-l[3avE L etc. &0. ErrLOul-lEL Ou. ErrLOUl-lOUV
P.S. va ETI~OUl-lÝ)OEI - to wish
F.S.I shall repeat I shall be repeated F. S. I shall wish
Oo. ErravaAá[3w oo. EmavaAnWti:b oo. ETIL&Ul-lnOw &0. ErrLOUl-lnOOl-lE
Oo. ErravaAá[3E~~ oo. E:rraVaAnCOTELs oo. t=:TIL&Ul-lnOEL(;; Oo. Err~OUl-lnOETE
etc. etc. &0. ErrLOUl-lnoEL Oo. ETILOUl-lTlOOUV
Pr.P. I have repeated I have been repeated Participle
cÉ;xw ErravaAa13E t, E:'xw ErravaAnCOTEL Pr.P. II have wished
É:XEq;; •••• :\etc. ÉXE~s ••••. etc. E,XW Err LOUl-lÝ)OE L
P.P.I had tepeated I had been repeated EXELs ... etc.
Jo
EL)(a E:rravaAá[3E~ E e xa ErravaAnCOTd
F.P.I shall have repeated I shall have been repeated P. P.
oo. txw E:rravaAá13E~ oo. EXW ErravaAnCOTE~
F.P &0. Éxw ErrLOUl-lnOEL- I shall have
wished
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. ErravaAal-l13avw- that I may be -ErraVaAal-l[3ávouaL- that I may be
repeating repeated Examples:
P.S.t:rravaAá13w-that I may repeat ErravaAnCOTC0 -that I may be repeated
Pr.P€Xw ErravaAá13E~- that I may have ixw t:rravaAnCOTE/~- that I may have ETILOUl-lW vu. OE oW. 1 wish to see you.
repeated been repeated ETIL&ul-lnOE vu coaYEL oTacouALa. He wanted to eat grapes.
IMPERATIVE ETI~Oul-lOUOE TIOAU LO xwp~Ó He longed for his village.
P. ErravaAál-l13avE- be repeating (sing.) ErravaAal-l13ávou- be repeated (sing.) TOU.
ErravaAal-l13ávETE - be repeating (pl.)SrraVaAal-l13ávEOLE-be repeated (pl.) TL ErrLOUl-lELTEi What do you wish to have?
p.S.t:rraváAa13E - repeat (sing.) !;:rravaAá13ou/- be repeated (sing.) EXouv ETILOUl-lnOEL va OOU\) TOV Thev have a great desire to see
ErravaAá13ELE - repeat (pl.) ErravaAnCOLELTE - be repeated (pl.) TIaLEpa TOUs. their father.
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE
ErravaAal-l13ávoVLaS - repeating ErravELAnl-ll-lÉV-o~,-n,-o - repeated
'For examples see p. 106) -99-
-98-
ÉPXO]..La.L (4) - t o come; to arrive
£THOHén"to).La.t.. (4) - to visit; to call upon
Subjunctive Indicative
Indicative P. I come
1 visit I
P. P. STtt..oHéTt"to]..La.t.. - th a t; ÉPXOj.lo.L t::PX6j.lo.crTE P. EPX0j.lo.L - that I may be
€nt..oHén"to1-La.t.. STtt..oHSTt"t6]..La.o"ts
1 may be visiting C:PXEOo.L SPXSO,S , comi ng
En t..oHén"tEoa.t.. sTtt..mdn"tso"ts
ÉPXETo.L ÉPXOV,o.L P. S. spaw - that I may come
Ent..oHén"tE"ta.t.. t::Ttt..OHéTt"tov"ta.t..
P. S. STtt..OHS<j)"t~ - that 1 may
visit P. c. I was coming Pr.P. Éxw ÉpaSL- that I may
P.C. 1 was visiting Pr.P. t:'xw snt..OHE<j)"t£~ - that tPXO]..LOuv t:PXOj.lo.O's have come
Ent..OHE(fn6]..Louv STtt..OHE<j)"tÓ1-La.O"tE sPXooouv spx6cro.o,s
1 may have visited
Ent..OHE(jn6oouv e:Ttt..oHs<j)"t6oa.O"tE
EPXO,o.V ÉPXOV'o.v
Ent..oHE<j)"t6"ta.v STtLOHÉ<j)"tOV"ta.v
Imperative P. s. I came
P.S. 1 visited rlpao. Ttpao.]..LS P. ÉPXOU - be coming(sing.)
e:nt..oHé<j)"tT)Ha. STtLOHE<j)"tnHa.]..LE rlpaSs rlpao.'E
En I,OH é<j)"tT)HS I",; STtLOHE<j)"tnXa."tS
~pas ~pao.v Épxscr,s- be comingipl.)
snt..CJ11.É<j)"tT)HS STt t.. ov {.<j)"tT)Ha.V
F. c. I shall be
I
coming P. s. iAo. - come (sing.)
F.C. 1 shall be visiting Ent..OHÉ<j)"tOU - visit aa SPXO]..Lo.L Gu. SPX6j.la.cr'E
aa. STtt..OHÉ:n"tO]..La.l. aa. £Tt~GxSTt"t6]..La.o"tS P.S.
(sing.) {Ja. É:PXEOo.L Ga ~PXEO,S sAá,s- come (pl.)
aa. Ent..OHEn"tEoa.t.. aa. STtt..OHETt"tSO"tS I
Ga SPXE,o.L Ga C;PXOV,o.L
snt..OHS<j)"tE~TE- visit
aa. snt..oHÉn"ts"ta.l. aa. ETtt..OHéTt"toV"ta.L (p L, )
F. S. I shall come ~ !:l.I i_IlLt_ i v e
F.S. 1 shall visit lntinitive {Ja. ÉpGw Ga É;p&Oj.lS
OO STtt..OHS<j)"tW aU. ETtt..OHS<j)"tOU]..LS P. S. to come
aa. É:p{}s q;; Ga ÉpaE,S
aa. snt..OHS<j)"tSLI",; aa. STtt..OHS<j)"tS~TE
Ga ÉpGSL aa ÉpaOUv
aa. STtt..OHE<j)"tE~ aa. €TtLOHS<j)"tOUV P. S. va. STtt..OHS<j)TSl.- to
visit Pr.P. Éxw ÉpaEL - I have come
Pr.P.I ,. have visited, ÉXELs ••• etc.
E;Xw ETtt..OHE<j)"tEL
Éxst..1",; ••• etc. Participle P.P. SLXo. ÉpGSL- I had come
EPX6UEV-OI",;,-n,-o - coming
P.P. sLxa. tTtt..OHS<j)TEL - 1 had visited Ent..OHSTtT6]..LEV-OI",;,-T),-O F. P. {Ja. Éxw É:p{}SL - I shall
visiting have come
F.P. aa. Éxw tnLoHS<j)TS~ - 1 shall have
visited
Examples:
-101-
EUPLOUW (1) - to find; to discover; to get; to guess;to detect
ELOl.j.1á.!:W (1) - to prepare; to get ready SEE !3pCoxw page 63
81:01.j.1á.!:0j.1al. (4) - to prepare oneself
EUXapl.OTW (3) - to please; to !:hank; tc give thanks
Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, EVXaPLOLl.Éj.1Q.L (4)- to be contented- to be pleased
I prepare myself Active VlIice, Li. d Lc a t Lv e 'Pá..csive Voice, Tndicative
P. I prepare ETC I. j.1á.!:Oj.1aL 6LOI.j.1a!:ÓuaOTE
ELOI.j.1a.!:W ETOI.Ua.!:Oj.1E P. I thank I am-contented
ELOI.j.1á.!:ELE ELOI.Ua!:EOaL ~LOI.j.1a!:EOLE EuxapLOTI.Ó1JaOLE
€LOI.j.1a.!:EI.G EUxapl.01:ŵ EUXapl.OLOUUE EuxapLOLl.lj.1al.
ELOI.j.1a.!:ouv ELOI.j.1á.!:ELaL ELOl.uá.!:ovLaL EuxapLOLLEOLE
ETOI.j.1á.!:EI. EUxapI.OTE~G EUxapl.OLELLE EUxapl.OLI.Éoal.
EUxapI.OL~L EUxapl.OLOUV EUxapl.OLI.ÉLal. EUxapI.01:LOUVTal.
I was preparing myself
P.C. I was preparing ELOI.j.1a!:Ój.1ouv ELOI.j.1a!:Ój.1aOLE
ELoLj.1a!:a ETOI.j.1á.!:aj.1E P.C. I was thanking I was being contented
ELOI.Ua!:óoouv ETOI.j.1a!:ÓoaOLE EuxapLOLl.oj.10UV EUxapI.OLLÓj.1aOLE
ELOLUa!:EG ELOI.j.1á.!:aLE EuxapLOTouoa EUxapl.OLOUOaUE
E LO l. j.1a!:ÓLav E TO I. j.1a!:OVLaV E.:JxapI.OLI.OOOUV E0xapl.OLLÓOaoLE
ELoLj.1a!:E ELoLUa!:av EuxapLoToDOEG EuxaPLoLouoaLE
EUxapl.OTOUOE EuxapLOLOÓoav EUxapl.OLI.ÓLaV EuxaPLOLI.ÓVLaV
I prepared myself
P. S. I prepared ELOI.Ua.OLnua ELOI.UaOLnUaUE
EToLj.1aOU ELOl.uá.oaj.1E P. S. I thanked I was contented. satisfied
ETOI.j.1á.oaLE ELOI.j.1á.oLnUEG C:LOI.j.1aOLnUaLE EUxapl.OLnGnua EUxapl.OLnGnuauE
EToLj.1aoEG E1JXap COLlloa EuxapLOTnoaUE
ELoCj.1aOav ELOI.j.1aOLnUE ELOI.j.1á.OLnuav EUxapl.OLnGnUEG EUxapl.OLnGnuaLE
ELoLj.1aOE EuxapC:nnOEG EuxapLoTnoaLE
EoxapLoTnoE Eoxap LOLn\::mV EUXapl.OLnGnUE EUxapl.OTnGnUav
I shall be preparing myself
F.C. I shall be preparing Ba ETOI.j.1a.!:Oj.1al. Ga ELOl.ua!:óuaoLE
Ga ELOI.j.1á.!:W Ga ELOI.j.1á.!:Oj.1E F. C. I shall be thanking I shall be contented
Ga ELOI.j.1á.!:EoaL Ga ELOI.j.1á.!:EOTE Ga EuxapLoLLÉj.1aL
Ga ELOI.Uá.!:ELG Ga ELOI.j.1a.!:ELE Gu ELOI.j.1a!:ELal. Ga ELOI.j.1á.!:ovLal. Ga EuxapLoLŵ Ga EUxapl.OL00UE
Ga ELOI.Ua!:EI. Ga ELOI.Uá.!:ouv Ga EUxapl.OLELG Gu EuxapLoLELrE Ga EUxapl.OLI.ÉoaL
Ga EuxapLOLEL Ga EuxapLoLouV etc.
I shall prepare myself .
F. S. I shall prepare Ga ELOLj.1aOLW , Ga ELOLj.1aOLOUUE
Ga ELOI.j.1á.OW Ga ELOI.j.1á.OOj.1E Ga ETOI.UaOLEI.G Ga ELOI.j.1aOLELrE
(
F. S. I shall thank I shall be contented
Ga ELOI.j.1á.OELG Ga ELOI.j.1á.OELE Ga EuxaPLOLnOW Ga EUxapI.OLnOOj.1E Gu. .E uxap L oLnGw
Ga ETOI.j.1aOLEC Gu ELOI.UaOLOUv
Ga ELOI.j.1á.OEI. Ga ELOI.j.1a.oouv Ga EuxapLoLnoELG Ga EuxaPLOLnOELE Ga EuxapLoLnGECG
Go. EUxapl.OTnOEI. Ga EUxapl.OLnOOUV etc.
I have prepared myself
.Pr. P. I have prepared ~xw ELOI.j.1aOLEL
Éxw ELOI.j.1a.OEI. Pr.P. txw EoxapLOLnOEL - I have thanked ~xw EUxapl.OTnGEL - I have been
8.XEI.G .,. etc. EXELG .•• etc. contented
tXEI.G ••• etc. ÉXEI.G ••• etc.
E{xa ELOI.j.1aOLEC- I had prepared
P.P. ECXa ELOI.Ua.OEI.- I had pre myself P.P. ECxa EUXaPLOLnOEI. - I had thanked ELxa EuxapLoLnGEL - I had been
pared contented
Go. Éxw ELOLuaOLEC - I shall have
F.P. Go. txw ELOI.Ua.OEI.- I shall have prepared myself F.P. Go. Éxw EuxapLoLnOEL- I shall have Ga Éxw EUxapl.OLnGEL - I shall
prepared thanked have been contented
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
ELOI.j.1a!:W _ that I may be pre- ELOI.j.1a!:Oj.1aL - that I may be pre- P. EuxapLOTW - that I may be thanking EVxap~OT~{~a~- that I may be
P. paring pared contented
ELOI.Uá.OW- that I may prepare ELOI.j.1a01:Ŵ- that I may be prepared P. S. EUxapI.OLnOW- that I may thank EUxapI.OLnGc.6 -that I may be 11
P. S. ~Xw ELOI.).1á.OEI. - that I may have €XW ELOI.j.1aOLEL-that I may have I ,
Pr.P. Pr.P. Éxw EuxapLOLnOEI. - that I may have EXW EUxapI.OLnGE~- that I may
prepared IMPERATIVE been prepared thanked have been contented
ELo~j.1a!:E- be preparing (sing.) E~OI.j.1á.!:ou- be prepared (sing.) IMPERATIVE
P. ELOLj.1á.!:ETE _ be preparing (pl.) ELOI.j.1á.!:EOLE- be prepared (~l.) P. EuxapCOLO - be thanki~g (sing.)
ELoLj.1aOE _ prepare (sing.) ELOLj.1aOOU/- be prepared (Slng.) EuxapLoTSLTE- be thanking (pl.)
P.S. ELOI.j.1á.OTE _ prepare (plo) ETOI.j.1aoLE~TE - be prepared (plo) P. S. EuxapLOLnOE - thank (sing.) EuxaPLoLnGo~ - satisfy yourself
INFINITIVE EUxapl.OTEtOLE - thank (pl.) EuxapLoLT)0ELLE- satisfy your
prepare Va ETOI.j.1aOLEL - to be prepared INFINITrJE selves
P. S.
PARTICIPLE P. S. va EuxapLOLnOEL • to thank va EuxaPLoLnGEL- to be satis
ELOI.UaOj.1Év-OG,-n,-o - prepared fied
(For examples see p. 106) PARTICIPLE
-102- EUXaPI.OLnUÉV-oG,-n,-o-satisfied
-103- (For examples see p . 106)
Examples of uses of verbs beginning with E
EXw (I. a u x i,'1' r a r y verb) ~ to have
F.C. & If,~, EL60noLJ,
l?resent P.C. & ~~.
I have I,had I shall have
-Bo. exw ME EL60no~naE Ó.L -Bo. Ép-BEL. He informed me that he will come.
ÉXw E~xa E~60noCnaa .nv aa.uvo~Ca.
-Bo. ÉXELb; I notified the police.
tiXELb; E~XEs E~60noLn-B~xa~E va a6ELaao~E .0 We were notified that we were to
Et.XE -50. ÉXEL
tiXEL onC.L. vacate the house.
-Ba ÉXO~E eO. aE EL60noL~ow ó.av ~a-Bw VEa I will let you know when I hear from
iXO~E E ~ x.a~E ·nb;.
-Ba ÉXE.E her.
8XE-CE Etxa.E O XOO~Ob; EL60noLn-BnxE YLa .nv
-Ba. ~Xouv The people were informed about the
EXOUV ELxav xa.aLyC6a nou ÉpXE.aL. approaching hurricane.
subjucntive - va Éxw
Infinitive - va ÉXEL EX.L~~ .uv 6áoxaAO ~OU. I esteem my teacher.
eO. EX.L~nOO~E.n 1:mna nou ÉYL We will assess the damage to the
Participle - ÉXov.ab; VE 0.0 ant.L. house.
To onC.L EX.L~n-BnxE YLa Éva E- The house was appraised at one million
xa.o~uPLO EEaxóoLEb; XLALa6Es 6p~- six hundred thousand drachmas.
X~Eb;.
The perfect tenses are not common. EX.L~OU~E .nv xAaoaLx~ ~LAOAO- We admire (appreciate) classical
yCa. philology.
Examples:
'Exw xa.L o.ov VOU ~OU. I have something in mind. ME E~n06LaE va nEpaow. He prevented me from passing.
'EXO~E xaAoxaCpL .wpa. It is summer now. fLa.C ~E E~n06~~ELb;; Why do you hinder me?
llWb; €XETEi How do you do? To au.oxCvn.o on} uéon r ou 6po The car in the middle of the street
'EXE YELa. Farewell. uou E~n06C1:EL H}V XUXAo~oPLa. obstructs traffic.
'EXE L o 8EOb;. God is great. (Have faith). E~n06Lo.nxav vo. Ép-Bouv anó .0 They were prevented from coming by the
'EXEL ~w~C aUTn n 60uAELa. This business is profitable. noAU XLOVL. great amount of snow.
nooo ÉXEL aUTO; How much does this cost: . To XLÓVL .0Ub; E~no6LoE va Ép-5ouv. The snow prevented them from coming.
EtXE TPCa XopC.oLa ~E Tn YU He had three girls by hls wlfe. H E~0060b; ELvaL E~n06La~Évn ana The entrace is obstructed by the great
\)aLXa TOU. .0 nOAu VEPO. amount of water.
'EXE t, xaxô ud r L • He has an evil eye.
'Exw novoxÉ~aAO, 6C~a, nELva. I have a headache, I am thirsty,
I am hungry ...
What is the matter with you, my Mab; EVŴVEL ~La ~Eya\n ~LAea. A great friendship binds us.
child? (what is it wrong?) IIoAAEG nOALTE~EG Evw-Bnxav xaL É- Hany states united to form the United
'EXEL TO. VEupa TOU. He is very agitated. xavav .LG HVW~EVEG ITOAL.ELEG .nb; States of America.
To. SXEL ~t ÓAO TOV xÓo~o. He blames the whole world. A~EPLXrlb;.
'Av .0 XáVELG au.ô -Ba ÉXELb; vo. If you do this you will have to EVWO.E .0. XEpLa oaG. Join your hands.
xaVELG ~E UEva. deal with me. O ôoóuoj; EVWVE L rnv nÓAn ~E .0 The road connects the city with the
'EXO~E 1:Eo.n, xpuo. It is hot, cold. XWPLÔ. village.
'EXOUE XELuwva, xaAoxa[pL It is winter, summer .... O ~o-5uôb; EVWVEL .LG 6uo EnPEG The isthmus joins two land masses and
To\) EXOUV yLU xaAô. They consider him as a good man. X~~ O nop~~Ó$ 1~S 6uo ~áAqaaE$ the canal two bodies of water.
'Exw xaL EYW vu xavw. I am interested also. 'Yo.Epa ano nOAAa XPôvLa XWPLO~OU After many years of separation they were
b.f:-V EXE L va xavE L . It does not matter. Evw&nxav náAL. united again.
I have to study ( I must .... ). To YE~UPL EVWVEL -co vnoC ~E TnV
-Exw va 6~ai3aaw. The bridge connects the island to the
b.EV ÉXEL dAAO nELa.
There is nothing more. Elwa. mainland.
b.Ev 8XELb; va naG nou-BEva. You cannot go any place.
I have been here for ten days.
'EXW E6w 6Ëxa ~EPEG.
-104-
-105-
Ca.A [!:w (l) - tc stun; to make someone dizzy· to give headache to
Examples: someone '
lol:! F I N_~_TI VE
P. S. \)U. !:aACoEL- to stun \)a. [aA.LOT€L - to get dizzy
PARTICIPLE
ha.A.L~O\)Tab - stunning ------!:a~OjJ.E\)-Or -n -O di
"",." - lZZy
(one who has gotten dizzy)
-107- (For examples see p, 112)
-106-
tEo~aCv~ (1) - to warm. In the passive voice - I am warm or bnA£uw (~) - to be jealous; to envy
I am being warmed.
rndica live ~s s:i. ye Vo ;ice! :Lnd ;lc<> L:i.ve Indica tive Sub j unc t i.ve
Active Voice, r am warm! I am being warmed P. I am jealous
P. r warm tEo~aC \lOuaL tEo~aLV61-Laon: bnAEUW bnAEU01-LE 1'. bnAEuw - that I may be jealous
tEo"taLvw tEoLa~V01-LE
tEO"taCve:oaL tEo~aLVEOLE bnAEUELG bnAEuE~E
tEoLaCvELE
tEo-ca~V£I.G
tEo-caLvEL bEoLaCvouv tEO"taCVELaL tEoLaLVOV"taL bnAEUEl bnAEUOUV P.S. tnAÉtVw - t hat I may be jealous
I was being warm (warmed) P.C. I was being Jealous Pr.P. tixw bnAE4JEI.- that I may have
P. C. I was warming bEOLal.v61-Louv bEO~al.v61-LaOLE bnAEua tnAEua1-LE been jealous
bÉOLal.Va bEOLaCVa1-LE
bEOLaCvaLE bEO"tal.v6oouv bEoLaLv6oao~E bnAEUEG bnAEua~E
bÉo-caI.VEG bEO"taLv6LaV bEo~aLVOV"tav bnAEUE bnAEuav
bÉOLal.VE bÉOLal.VaV
IT4perative
I was warm (warmed) P. S. I was jealous
P. S. I war:med bEoLa3f)Ua1-LE bnAE4Ja bnAÉ4Jo,1-LE P. tnAEUE - b~ jealous (sing.)
bEo~á.va1-LE bEoLá.~nua
btoLava bEOLa~nua"tE bnAE4JEG tnAE4JaLE
bEo~á.vaLE bEoLá.~nUEG
bé':oLavEG bEOLa.~nUE bEo~á.~nuav bnAE4JE bnAE4JaV tnAEUETE - be iealous (pl.)
bÉOLaVE bÉOLavav
P. S. t;:nAE4JE - b e jealous (sing.)
I shall be warm (warmed) F. C. I shall be jealous
F.C. I shall be warming
~a bEo~aCvw ~ bEOLaCV01-LE ~a bEO"taLv01J.aL ~a bEOLal.v61-LaOLE ~a bnAEUW ~u. bnAEU01J.E tnAÉ~~E - be jealous (pl.)
~ bEOLaLVEI.G ~a bEO"taCvELE ~a tEoLaCVEOal. ~a bEo~aCVEOLE ~a bnAEUE~C ~a. tnAEuELE'
~a bEOLaLVELal. ~ll. bEOLaLvoV"tal. ~a :nAEUEL- ~a. bnAEUOUV
~a bEOLaCVEL ~a. bEo~aLVOUV h.f ini t iye
I shall be warm (warmed) F. S. I shall be jealous
F. S. I shall warm ~a bEo~aaw ~a bEOLa~OÓ1-LE ~a bnM4Jw ~o, bnAÉ4J01J.E P.S. va bnAÉ4JEI. - to be jealous
~a. bEOLá.VW ~a bEOLa.V01J.E
~a bEOLa.VELE ~a bEO"ta~ECG ~a bEO"ta~EC~E e« bnAÉ4JEvc ~o, tnAE4JELE
~a bEOLa.VEI.G ~a bEOLa~E~ ~ tEo"ta~06v ~a bnAÉ4JEL ~a tnAÉ4Jouv
~a bEO~á.VEL ~u bEOLá.VOUV
~xw tEO"ta~EL - I have been warm Pr.P. ~xw bnAÉ4JEL I have been
Pr.P. (warmed) EXELG •.• etc. jealous Participle
ELXa bEOLa~E~- I had been warm
P.P. (warmed) P.P. E£xa bnAÉ4J£L - I had been bnAEUOVLaG - being jealous
~a txw bEOLa~Et- I shall have , jealous
F. P. been warm (-ed) F.P. ~a EXW bnAÉ4JEL- I shall
warmed
~u ELXa bEo~a~EC - I would have have been jealous
F.P.P. ~a ECxa bEOLá.VEI.- I would have been warm F.P.P. ~a ELXa tnAÉ4JEL - I would
warmed (warmed) have been jealous
SUBJUNCTIVE
bEOLaCvw _ that I may be warming bEOLaCV01-Lal.- that I may be warm
P.
?:EOLá.VW _ that I may warm bEoLa~w- that I may be warm
P. S.
Éxw tEOLá.VEI.-that I may have ~xw bEoLa~EC- that I may have
Pr.P. warmed been warm
Examples
IMPERATIVE
bEo~aCvou- be warm (sing.)
P. bto~aI.VE- be warming (sing.) ZnAEUE ~n yuvaLua LOU He was jealous of his wife.
bEoLaLvEo~E- be warm (pl.)
bEOLaCvELE- be warming (pl.) ME bnAEUEI.. • He is jealous of me.
bEOLá.~OU - be warm (sing.)
P.S. bÉoLavE - warm (sing.) ZnAEU;E LQV <PLAO LOU nou rhav He was jealous of his friend who
bEo~a~EC~E - be warm (pl.)
bEOLá.VEOTE - warm (pl.) nLO 8i;unvoG. was smarter.
INFINITIVE
va bEOLa~E~ - to be warm
P.S. Va. bEO~á.vEL- to warm
PARTIGIPLE
bEo-caCvov~aG - warming bEO~a1-Lt\'-OG,-n,-o-warmed
-108- (For examples see p. 112) -109-
(2) ... to look f o r , to seek; to sol;icit; to demand;to claim ~ (3) - to live; to be living; to be alive
SUBJUNCTIVE
1:n"t"w - t h at 1 may be seeking 1:n'tLÉ'l-Lo.l,- that I may be sought Examples:
P.
P. S.
1:n,now - that 1 may seek 1:n'tnbŵ- that I may be sought
Pr.P.
€XW ~n"t"nOEL- that I may have Éxw 1:n'tn5EL- that I may have been
sought sought ZEL nA-OUOLa. He lives in luxury.
IMPERATIVE Zn"(w II BaoLA-woa! Long live the Queenl
1:n'to. - be seeking (sing.) 'E!:nOE ~~nv"t"a XPÓvLa. He lived sixty years.
P. Zw anó ,ov uLo~6 ]..LOU.
~n'td"(E - be seeking (pl.) I live on my salary.
~n"(nOE - seek (sing.) ~n'tn~OU - be sought (sing.) ZE L OClV qnwxót:;. He leads the life of a poor man.
P. S. 1:n"t"n~EC'tE - be sought (pl.)
~n't~O'tE - seek (pl.) ZEL XPóvLa O"t"nv A]..LEPLXn. He has been living in America for
years.
INFINITIVE AU'tÓt:; EEPEL va !:nOEL. He knows how to live.
va bn"(n~E~- to be sought ZOU]..LE o"(nv A5nva. We live in Athens.
P. S.
PARTICIPLE
1:n'tnuÉv-ot:;,-n,-o - sought
~n"t"wv"t"at:; - seeking (For examplse see p. 112)
-110- -111-
If
nouxa.!;;w (I) -to quiet; to be quiet; to tranquilize; to rest
Examples of uses of the verbs (aA{(w, (E0Talvw and (unD
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I rest
nouxá.!;;w nouxá.!;;OUE P. llOUXa.!;;w - thatI may be
ME (áAWE llE Ta AÓyW TOU.
His words gave me a headache. nouxá.!;;E~G nouxá.!;;ELE resting
The trip made us dizzy. nOUXa.!;;E~ Tjouxá.!;;ouv P.S. TjOUXa.ow - that I may rest
To Ta~lôl l1aS' (áAWE.
They stopped for a little while, because
L:Tal1áT1l0av Al yáKl, yWTl ElXav
they were dizzy. P.C. I was resting Pr.P. EXW TjOuXá.OE~ - that I may
(aAl0TEl.
AUTÉS' Ol ctJa0aplES' IJ.E (aAl(ouv.
All this trouble gives me headache. noóxa!;;a Tjouxa.!;;aUE have rested
I am dizzy. (I have a headache.) nOuxa!;;EG Tjouxá.!;;aLE
Ell1al (aAt0I1É VOS'. nOuxa!;;E noóxa!;;av
LEgralYW P.S. I rested Imperative
nouxaoa riouxá.oau£
Ká80l1al KOVTá 0Tll ctJwná va (E0Ta8w.
I sit by the fire to warm myself.
nOóxaoEG noUxa.oaLE P. be resting(sing.)
ZÉ0Tava noAu.
I feel very warm. nOóxaoE Tjoóxaoav
We were warm, so we took off our coats.
ElXal1E (E0Ta8El, yl aUTó !3yáAal1E Ta nouxá.!;;ETE - be restting
naATá l1aS'. F.e. I shall be resting (p 1. )
AUTÓ TO KaAoplctJÉp (E0TalVEl noAu.
This radiator heats very well. aa nouxa.!;;w aa TjOUXa.!;;OUE P. s. TloóxaoE - rest (sing.)
To VEpÓ (E0Tá811KE.
The water has warmed up. aa nOUxa.!,';iE ~ G aa TjOUXa.!;;ELE
MÓAlS' (E0TávEl o KalpóS', nOAAá (wa
As soon as the weather is warm, many aa nouxá.6E ~ ôo, T10UXa.!;;ouv nouxá.oTE - rest (pl.)
!3yalvouv anó Tll XElI1EplV~ TOUS' vápKll.
animals come out of their hibernation.
The weather has become warm. F. S. I shall rest
O KalpóS' (É0TavE. aa nouxá.ow aa TjOUXa.OOUE Infinitive
aa nouxá.oE~G aa TjOUXá.oELE
aa nouxá.oE~ aa T)ouxa.oouv P.S. va nouxá.oE~ - to rest
Someone is looking for you. (asking for you). Pr.P.
KánowS' 0E (llTá. J have rested
ZllTá nOAAá AEIj>Tá yw TO 0nln aUTó.
He asks too much money for this house. Éxw T)OUXa.OE~
Tloi.oc llE (~T1l0E;
Who asked for me? É:XE~G •••• etc.
ElXE (llT~0El va llE ÔEl.
He had asked to see me.
AUTÓ TO rrporóv (llnÉTal noAU.
This product is in great demand. P.P. ELxa nouxá.oE~ - I had rested Participle
ZllTOU llE Tll !30~8Elá 0aS'.
We ask for your help.
Mou (~T1l0E va Ij>uyw aIJ.É0wS'.
He demanded that I leave at once. F.P. aa txw nouxá.oE~ - I shall have noUxa.!;;ovTaG - resting
They have asked for ten dollars. rested
'Exouv (llT~0El ôÉKa ôoAAápea.
ea (llT~0El anó TOV naTÉpa TOU I1EplKá
He will ask his father for some money
AEnTá yea va nAllPW0El TO EVOlKlO. so he can pay the rent.
ZllTáTE Kal 8a !3pElTE.
Ask and you will find.
_!':xamples:
- 112- -113 -
.
5appw(3) - to have courage; to suspec t· , to think; to believe ôa.uuá.!:w (1) - to admire; to wonder at; to marvel
or 5appEuw*(1) - to take courage; to dare
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Subjunctlve. (w L th »a , yLa vu, ó tcrv P. I admire I am admired, I am being admired
Indicative
I have courage, I think etc.) ôa.uuá.!:w ôa.ujJ.á!:ou£ ôa.uuá.!;;ouaL ôa.uua!:Ój.l.U01:E
5appOujJ.E P. i:Jappw - that I may have ôa.uua!:EL{; i:JaUUá.!:E:1:E i:Jauua!:£oaL ooUUá.!;;E01:£
P. 5appu'J/
i:JappEL1:E courage i:Jau).J.Ó.!;;EL oouuá!:ouv ôa.ujJ.ab£1:aL oouuá.!;;oV1:aL
i:JappEL(;;
5apPEL 5app00v P.S. i:Jappnow- that I may have
courage P.C. I was admiring I was being admired
Pr.P. txw i:JappnoEL - that I may i:Jauua!:a i:JauuCi!:au£ i:Jauua!;;ojJ.ouv i:Jauua!;;ouaon:
P.C. I was having courage have courage 3auua!:E{;
5appouoa 5appouoajJ.E oouuCi!:a n; oouua!;;6oouv oouua!;;ooao1:£
5appouoa1:E i:JaUjJ.a!:E i:Jauua!:av i:JaujJ.a!;;61:av fuuuCi!:ov1:av
i:JappOUOE(;;
i:JappoóOE i:Jappouoav
Imperative P.S. I admired I was admired
I had courage, I thought ôa.uuaoa oouuá.oau£ ooujJ.á.o1:T)xa fuuua01:nxajJ.E
P. S.
i:Jappnoa i:JappnoajJ.E ôa.uuao£!;; i:JauuCioa1:£ oouUCio1:T)x£!;; 3auua01:nXa1:E
i:JappnOE(;; i:JappnOa1:E P. i:JapPEL - have courage (sing.) i:Jauuao£ i:Jauuaoav fuuuao1:T)x£ 3auuCio1:nxav
i:JappnOE i:Jappnoav
F.C. I shall be admiring I shall be admired
F.C. I shall be having cou~age au. i:Jauuá.!;;w 30. fuujJ.a!;;oUE: fu i:Jauuá.!;;ouaL oo ôa.uua!;;6ua01:E
i:Ja i:Japfjell i:J0. i:JappoujJ.E i:Ja.ppE{1:E - have courage (pl.) oo oouua!;;EL!;; oo i:Jauuat£1:E aa i:Jauuá.!;;£oaL oo oouUá.!;;£OLE
i:Ju. i:Jappd 1:E i:Ja fuUjJ.á.!;;E:L i:Ja i:Jauua!:ouv oo fuuuá.!;;£LaL oo 3auuá.!:ovLaL
i:Ja i:JapPEL(;;
i:Ja. i:Ja.PPEL i:Ja i:Jappouv
P. S. i:JappnOE - have courage (sing.) F. S. I shall admire I shall be admired
F. S. I shall have courage
60. i:JappnoojJ.E i:Ja i:JauuCiow fu fuuuCioou£ i:Ja &auuao1:w aa ôa.uua01:00UE
&0. i:Ja.ppnow
i:Ja. i:Ja.ppnOEL(;; i:Ja OOppnOE1:E
ôa. i:JauuCiOE:L!;; oo ooUUá.O£LE oo oouuaoL£(b oo 3auua01:EL1:£
00. i:Jappnoouv i:Ja.ppnOE1:E - have courage (pl.) aa i:Jauuá.OE:L aa oouuaoouv ôu. OOUua01:EL oo &auuao.ouv
i:J0. i:JappnOEL
I have had courage Infinitive Pr.P. I have admired I have been admired
Pr.P. Éxw fuUUá.OEL
Éxw i:Ja.ppnOEL 4xw ooujJ.ao1:£[
P.S. va. i:JappnOEL- to have £X£L!;; •••• etc. EX£L!;; ••• etc.
~XEL(;; ... etc. courage
P. P.
ECXa. i:Ja.ppnOEL - I had had P.P. £Lxa ooUUCiO£L - I had admired E:Cxa OOUua01:E~ - I had been
courage admired
i:Ja. Éxw i:JappnOEL- I shall F.P. i:Ja €XW oouuaOEL- I shall have oo Éxw ooUua01:£L - I shall have
F. P.
have courage Participle admired been admired
i:Jappwv1:a.(;; _ taking courage
.
Il'i
-116-
;: II:, :" T"
I !
8uuouuat and 8uuáuat (4) - I remember (Deponent verb)
~ (l)to feed; to nourish; to support
{Ja. 8XW {Jp~ljJ£L- I shall {Ja. Éxw {Jpa.<p£C - I shall have P.P. ElXa 8uJ.lTj8d - Ihadremembered Participle
F.P. been fed
have fed
F.P. 8a Éxw 8uJ.lTj8El - I shall have remembered
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. {Jp~<pw- that I may be feeding {Jpé<POlla.L- that I may be fed : * SColme persons are formed periphrastically, in other words, by a particle and a form of the verb
assical forms. .
P.S. ôp~ljJw - that I may feed {Jpa<p~ - that I may be fed
Pr.P. éxw {JpéljJ£L- that I may have Éxw {Jpa.<p£L- that I may have been
fed fed Examples:
F. S. I shall get angry P. S. va &Uj.l.WOE L - tog et an- H BáAa<J<Ja TpÉ<j>El TTOAAá EKaTOIl!-lUpW The sea provides food for many
30. 3uj.l.wOW 30. &Uj.l.WOOj.l.E gry avBpwTTwV. millions of people.
30. &Uj.l.WOELs 3á. 3Uj.l.WOE'"CE 'E8pE<j>E Ta TTal6lá rns llE yáAa, 1jJW!-ll She was feeding her children
30. 3Uj.l.WOEL &0. &uj.l.WOOUV Kal auyá. milk, bread and eggs.
Ta TTal6lá Bpá<j>llKav llE 1jJWlll Kal The children grew up on bread
Pr.P. I have gotten angry AaxavlKá. and vegetables.
€XW &Uj.l.WOEL KaTá TOV 6EUTEPO TTaYKó<J!-110 TTÓAE!-lO During the Second World War the
éXE~s •••• etc. o I<Ó<J!-lOS' <JE TIOAAá EAAllVlKá VllOl.á people of many Greek islands
Eéxa 3Uj.l.WOEL - I had gotten Participle TpEcj>óTav !-lE ayplóxopTa. lived on wild vegetables.
P. P.
angry &Uj.l.Wvo\)'"Cas - get tin g
30. Éxw &Uj.l.WOEL- I shall have angry
F.P.
gotten angry Passive participle
&Uj.l.Wj.l.Év-os,-n,-O -
angered
Examples:
He made me mad.
ME 3Uj.l.WOE. I was very angry.
eUj.l.woa noÂu. He is angry.
ELVaL &Uj.l.Wj.l.ÉVOs. We have gotten angry.
'EXOj.l.E &Uj.l.WaE L. EUxoÂa. We must not get angry easily.
~EV npÉnEL va &Uj.l.WVOj.l.E Why are you angry? Why do you get
fLatG ~U~WVELS;
angry?
- 121 -
.~ 12 o-
}táao}.J.o, I. (4) - to sit; to stay ( a deponent verb)
}to,ao,p q;;w (I) - I clean
}to,ao,pL~o}.lo,~ (4) -I clean myself; I am cleaned
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I sit
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
}táaOUo,L Ko,aOUo,OTE P. KaÔO)..La.L - that I may be
I clean I am being cleaned
P. }to,ao,pL~OUo,~ }to,ao,p~~6Uo,OLE KáaEOo,L KaaEOLE sitting
}to,ao,pL~w }to,ao,pC~OUE KáaETO. L }táaov TO. I.
}to,ao,pL~EOo,~ }to,ao,pL~EoLE P.S. Ko,aCOW - that I may sit
}to,ao,pL~E~~ }to,ao,PL~ELE
}to,ao,pL~E~ }to,ao,pL~ouV }to,ao,pL~ELo,~ }to,ao,pL~OVLo,~
P.C. I was sitting Pr.P. Éxw Xa.{JCOEL - that I may
}to,a6uouv Ko,a6uo,OTE have sat
I was cleaning I was being cleaned
P.C. }to,ao,p~~ououv }to,ao,p~~Ouo,OLE Ko,a600uv Ko,aOOo,OTE
}to,aáp~~o, }to,ao,pC~o,UE }to,aÓTo,V KáaOVTo,V Imperative
}to,aap~~E~ }to,ao,pL~o,LE }to,ao,p~~ooouv }to,ao,p~~OOo,OLE
}to,aap~~E }to,aáp~~o,v }to,ao,p~~OLo,V }to,ao,pL~OVLo,V
P. S. I sat P. KaaOU - be sitting (sing.)
KaaLOa. Ko,aLOo,)..LE
I cleaned I was cleaned
P. S. }to,ao,pLOLn}to,UE KáaLOE!;; Ko,atOo,TE KáôEOLE- be sitting (pl.)
}to,aápLOo, }to,ao,pCOo,UE }to,ao,pLoLn}to,
}to,ao,pLoLn}to,LE KáaLOE }taaLOo,V
}to,aap~oE~ }to,ao,pCOo,LE }to,ao,pCoLn}tE~
}to,ao,pLoLn}to,V P. S. KaaLOE - sit (Sing.)
}to,aápLOE }to,aápLOo,v }to,ao,pLoLn}tE
F.C. I shall be sitting
I shall be cleaned
&a. Káao)..Lo,L fu Xo,a6Uo,OTE Ka.a Lan: - sit ( p L, )
F. C. I shall be cleaning aa. KaaEOo,L &a. }ta{JEOTE
ao, }to,ao,pC~w ao, }to,&a.pC~OUE ao, }to,ao,pL~OUo,~ ao, }to,ao,pL~6uo,OLE
ao, }to,ao,pL~EOo,L ao, }to,ao,pL~EoLE &a. KáaETo,L {Ja. }ta{JOVTa.~
ao, }to,&a.pL~EL~ ao, }to,ao,pL~ELE
ao, }to,ao,pC~ELo,L ao, }to,ao,pL~OVLo,L Infinitive
ao, }to,ao,pL~EL ao, }to,ao,pL~ouV F.S. I shall sit
I shall be cleaned &a. Ko,aCOW ao, Ko,{JLOOUE P.S.
F. S. I shall clean ao, Ko,aLOELG &a. Ko,{JLOETE
ao, Xo,ao,pLOw aa. }to,ao,pCOOUE ao, }to,ao,pLOLW a~ }to,ao,pLoLoUUE
ao, }to,a0,0LOLEL~ aa Xo,ao,pLOLELLE ao, Ka.aLOEL &a. xo,{JCOOUV
ao, Xo,ao,pLOEL~ aa. }to,ao,pLoELE
ao, }to,ao,pLOEL ao, Xo,ao,pLOOuV ao, }to,ao,pLOTEC ao, }to,ao,pLoLoUV
Pr.P. I have sat
éxw Ko,aLOEL
I have cleaned I have been cleaned
Pr.P. Éxw }to,ao,pLoLEL e£XEL!;; ••• etc. Participle
Éxw }to,ao,pLoEL
£XELG .···etc. tXELG •••• etc.
P.P. ECXa. Ka.{JLOEL- I had sat Ko,{JLOUÉV-O!;;,-n,-O - sitting
ECXo, }to,ao,pCOEL- I had cleaned EL xo, }to,ao,pLOLE L - I -had been
P.P. cleaned F.P. 3a. Éxw Ka.{JLOEL - I shall
ao, Éxw }to,ao,PLOLEL- I shall have have sat
F. P. ao, {xw }to,ao,pLOE~- I shall
have cleaned been cleaned
Examples:
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. }to,ao,PL~W -that I may be clea~ing~o,ao,PL~OUo,L- that I may be cleaned Ka{Joua.L ÔCnAo, oou. I am sitting next to you.
P.S. }to,ao,pLow - that I may clean Xo,ao,p~OLW - that I may be cleaned KáôLOE OLnV KapÉ}tAo,. Sit on the chair.
Pr.P. Éxw }to,ao,pLoEL- that I may have €XW }to,aa.pLoLEL - that I may have OL ~CAOL )..LOU KáaOVLo,L OLnV A
cleaned been cleaned My friends live (stay) in Athens.
a~va.
IMPERATIVE A';L6 nOL> É}ta.VE llLo,V nOAD Ko,KÓ. What he did was very bad. Now
P. }to,aápL~E - be cleaning (sing.) }to,ao,pL~OU - be cleaned (!'ling.) Twpo, KaaELo,L aLa. }táp~ouvo,. he sits on live coal.
}to,ao,pC~ELE- be cleaning (pl.) }to,ao,pL~EoLE- be ~leaned (pl.) Ko,aCoaUE tvo, )..L~Vo, OLnV ~Eox~.
P.S. }to,aapLOE -clean (sing.) }to,ao,PLOOU - be cleaned (sing.) We stayed one month in the country.
KáaOUo,L (ÔEV Éxw ÔOUAELá). I am unemployed.
}to,ao,pLOTE- clean (pl.) }to,ao,pLOLE~TE - be cleaned (pl.)
To ~YnL6 uou xaaLOE OLO OLO The food gave me indigestion.
INFINITIVE )..Lax I. •
P.S. va Xo,ao,pLOEL- to clean vo, }to,ao,pLOTEC - to be cleaned -123-
PARTICIPLE
}to,ao,PLOUEV-OG,-n,-o-cleaned
(For example!'l !'lee p. 148)
-122-
Kávw (1) - (from Káuvw. The verb occurs only in the active voice).
HaLW (1) - to burn
I
to do; to make; to fulfill; to accomplish; to carry out
II Acti~y~ice , Indicative
-------
_l'_?: s s i v.§:__ ~!~~, I nj_is: .9:~j-,,-e
P. I burn I am burnt, I am being burnt Indicative Subjunctive
HaLw HaLOUE-Ha~UE HaLouaL HaLOuaOl:E P. Ido
HaLELs HaLEl:E-HaLl:E HaLEoaL HaLEOTE Kávw KávOIlE P. Kávw - that I may be doing
HaLEL HaLOUV HaLETaL HaLovTaL KávEts" KávETE
KávEt Kávouv P.S. KállW - that I may do
P.C. I was burning I was being burnt
ÉHaLa HaCaUE HaLououv HaLouaoTE
HaLÓOOUV }laLOOaOl:E P.c. I was doing
EHaLEs HaCal:E ÉKava KávallE
ÉHaLE €HaLaV HaLól:aV HaLovTav
ÉKavES" KávaTE Imperative
I was burnt ÉKavE ÉKavav
P. S. I burnt
ÉHallJa HéhjJaUE w'iTlHa HariHaUE
~HallJEs Há.tVal:E HáTlHEs HanHaTE P.S. I did
t:HatVE ÉHaljJav HáTlHE WXTlHaV ÉKalla KállallE P. KávE - be doing (sing.)
ÉKaIlES" KállaTE
F. C. I shall be burning I shall be burnt ÉKallE ÉKallav KávETE - be doing (pI.)
o 30. HaLÓuaOl:E
aU. HaLW 30. HalUE 30. HaLouaL
&0. HaLELs 30. Ha'C TE 30. HaLEoaL 30. HaL EOTE F.C. I shall be doing
30. HaLE L 3u. HaLouv 30. HaLEl:aL 30. HaLovTaL 8a Kávw 8a KávollE P.S. KállE - do (sing.)
8a KávElS" 8a KávETE
F. S. I shall burn I shall be burnt
30. HaouUE
8a KávEl 8a Kávouv KállETE - do (pI.)
&0. Há4Jw 30. Há.tVOUE 30. HaGJ
30. Há\jJELs 30. HátVETE 3u. HaELs 30. HaEl.TE
30. HaEL 30. Haouv F.S. 8a KállW 8a KállOIlE
3u. HáljJEL 30. Há.\)JOUV
8a KáIlEts" 8a KállETE Infinitive
ÉXW HaEC - I have been burnt 8a KállEl 8a KállOUV
Pr.P. Éxw Há(jJEL - I have burnt
EXELs .. etc. ÉXELs ... etc.
Pr.P. I have done P.S. va KállEl - to do
P.P. E~xa Há\)JEL- I had burnt ELxa HaE~- I had been Éxw KállEl
burnt ÉXElS" KállEl .. etc.
F.P. &0. éxw HátVEL - I shall 30. Éxw HasC I shall have
have burnt been burnt P.P. E1xa KállEl - I had done Participle
E1xES" KállEl .. etc.
SUBJUNCTIVE
(wi th vo., y La Va. OTav etc.) F.P. 8a Éxw KállEl - I shall have done KávovTaS" - doing
P. HaLW- that I may be burning HaLouaL- that I may be burnt
P. S. HátVw - that I may burn Haw - that I may be burnt
[XW HaEL- that I may have been Passive Participle
Pr.P. Éxw HátVEL- that I may have
burnt burnt
KaIlWIlÉVOS". 1]. -O - done
HIPERATIVE
/
P. HaLE - be burning (sing.) HaLOU - be burnt (sing.) (For examples see pp. 148, 149)
HaLEl:E - be burning (pl.) Ha.LEOl:E- be burning (pl.)
P.S. Há.tV£ - burn (sing.) Há.~l:OU - uáou- be burnt (sing.)
HatVl:E- burn (pl.) Ha~T£Cl:E- HaE~TE- be burnt (pl.)
INFINITIVE
I
P.S. va Há.(jJEL - to burn vu. Ha~TE~ - to be burnt
PARTICIPLE
HaLovTas - burning Hauufv-os,-Tl,-O - burnt
(For examplse sse p. 149)
-124-
- 125 -
KaTanlVW (1) - to swallow; to gulp down
Ka~aAa@a~vw (1) - to understand
F.P. aa €xw Ka.aAál3£t, - I shall have P.P. ElXa KaTamEl - I had swallowed
understood
F.P. Sa Éxw KaTamEl - I shall have Participle
swallowed
Examples of uses of the verb: KaTanl VOVTaS' - swallowing
Examples:
Examples:
.6.EV iJ.nopEl va KaTamEl TO «j>ápiJ.aKo. He cannot swallow the medicine.
Ka.aAal3aCvw ~L AÉY£Ls. I understand what you are saying.
Did you understand what I said? O L:wKpáTl)S' KaTámE TO KŴVEtO Kat Socrates swallowed the hemlock and
Ka.UAal3£s .L £(nai died.
They haven't understood. nÉSaVE.
~£v Éxouv Ka.aAul3£L.
NOl.LL6W ó~t, Ka.aAal3aCv£~£ I think you understand what we are KaTanlVW Tl) YAŴGGa iJ.0U. I swallow my tongue. (I do not dare
n A~l.L£. saying. to reveal anything).
To nat,6C 6£v Ka.aAal3aCv£L. The child does not understand. Tov KaTámE l) yl). He disappeared (as if swallowed by
the earthh.)
Ta KaTámE óAa. He swallowed everything. (He accepted
everything and said nothing).
KaTámVE Gtyá-Gtyá. Swallow slowly.
r AVOt~E l) yl) Kat TOV KaTámE. The earth opened and swallowed him.
(He disappeared.)
-126-
- 121 -
,
xa.E~a~vw (1)- to descend; to climb down; to go down -_._
xaTEXw (1) - to possess; to occupy; to hold; to seize
I
I,
I Examples:
Active Voice; Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
I am accused, I am being accused P. I inhabit, I reside I am inhabited
P. I accuse
KULOLKW KULOLKOU~£ KULOLKOÓ~UL KU.OLKOUUUOl;£
KO:Tl1'YOPW KaTl1'YOPOU IJ-E KaTl1'YOPOU !-!.al KaTl1'YoPOU lJ-aIJTE J
Ka~O~XE~6 xa~o~ME~~E
, KUl:OI,K£COUI, KU.OLK£LOl;£
KaTl1'YoPElS' KaTl1'YoPEl TE KaTl1'YopElIJal KaTl1'YoPElIJTE .,
KaTl1'YopouvTal KULOLKOUV KUl:OLK£LLUL KUl;OLKOUVl;UL
KaTl1'YoPEl KaTl1'YOPOUV KaTl1'YOPEl Tal
P.C. I was residing I was being inhabited
P.C. I was accusing I was being accused
KULOLKOUOU KULOLKOUOU~£ KUl;OLKOU~OUV KUl;OLKOUUUOl;£
KaTl1'YoPOU IJa KaTl1 yopoilo« IJ-E KaTl1'YoplÓIJ-OUV KaTl1'YOplÓ lJ-aIJTE
KULOLKOlJO£G KULOI,KOÔOUL£ KUl;OI,KOUOOUV KULOLKOUOUOl;£
KaTl1'YoPOU IJES' KaTl1'YopOUIJaTE KaTl1'YoplÓIJOUV Ka Tl1 'Y O PlÓ IJ aIJT E J
KULOLKOUO£ KULOLKOUOUV KUl;OLKOUVl;UV KUl;OLKOUVl:UV
KaTl1'YoPOUIJE KaTl1'YoPOU IJav KaTTJ'YoplóTav KaTl1'YoplóvTav
P.S. I resided I was inhabited
P.S. I accused I was accused KULOfKT)OU KUl:OLKnOU~£ KUl;OLKn{lT)KU KUl;OLKT){lnKU~£
KaTl1'Yópl1IJa KaTl1'Yopr)IJa IJ-E KaTl1'Yopr)811Ka KaTl1'Yop118r)KaIJ-E KULOLKT)O£G KUl:OLK.i\OUl:£ KUl;OI,Kn{lT)K£s KULOLKT){lnKUL£
KaTl1'YóPl1IJES' KaTl1'Yopr)IJaTE KaTl1'Yopr)811KES' KaTl1'YoP118r)KaTE KUl:OLJl.T)O£ KUl:OLKT)OUV KUl;oLKn{lT)K£ KUl;oLKn{lT)KUV
KaTl1'YóPl1IJE KaTl1'Yópl1IJaV KaTl1'Yopr)811KE KaTl1'Yopr)811Kav
F.C. I shall be residing I shall be inhabited
F.S. I shall be accusing I shall be accused fu KUl;OLKW {lu KUl:OLKOUU£ {lu KU'OLKOU~UL aa. KUl;OLKOU~UOl;£
8a KaTl1'YoPW 8a KaTl1'YoPOU IJ-E 8a KaTl1'YoPOU IJ-al 8a KaTl1'YOPOU lJ-a0TE aa. KUl;OLK£~s {lu KUl;OLK£~l;£ {lu KUl;OLK£~OUL {lu. KUl;OLK£LOL£
8a KaTl1'YoPElS' 8a KaTl1'YopEhE 8a KaTl1'YopElIJal 8a KaTl1'YOpEl0TE {lu KUl;OLK£~ aa. KUl;OLKO";V {la KU'OLK£L.UL {]a KUl;OLKOUVl;UL
8a KaTl1'YoPEl 8a KaTl1'YoPOUV 8a KaTl1'YOPEl Tal 8a KaTl1'YopouvTcn
F. S o I shall reside I shall be inhabited
F.S. I shall accuse I shall be accused fu KUl:OLKnOW {lu KULOLKnOO~£ {lu KUl;OLKT){lw ~ KUl;OLKT){lou~£
8a KaTl1'YoPr)IJW 8a KaTl1'YoPr) IJOU IJ-E 8a KaTl1'YoP118w 8a KaTl1'Yop1180u IJ-E {lu KUl:OLKnO£Ls aa. KUl;OLKnO£l;£ fu KUl:OLKT){l£ls{]a KULOLKT){l£Cl;£
8a KaTl1'YoPr)IJEtS' 8a KaTl1'YoPr)IJETE 8a KaTl1'Yop118ElS' 8a KaTl1'Y0p118E{ TE {lu KUl;OLKnO£L {lu KUl;OLKnoOUV {lu KUl;OLKT){l£C {]a KUl;OLKT){lOQV
8a KaTl1'YoPr)IJEt 8a KaTl1'YoPr)IJOUV 8a KaTl1'YoP118d 8a KaTl1yop1180uv
Pr.P. I have resided I have been inhabited
Pr.P. I have accused I have been accused 8XW KUl;OLKnO£L Éxw KULOLKT){l£L
Éxw KaTl1'YoPr)IJEl Éxw KaTl1'YoP118El €X£LG ••• etc. ÉX£Ls ••• etc.
ÉxEtS' KaTl1'YoPr)IJEl .. etc. ÉXElS' KaTl1'Yop118El .. etc.
P.P. £LXU KUl;OLKnO£L - I had £LXU KUl:OLKT){l£C- I had been
P.P. ElXa KaTl1'YoPr)IJEt - I had accused ElXa KaTl1'YoP118El - I had been accused resided inhabited
F.P. {la Éxw KULOLKnO£L- I shall {]a txw KUl;OLKT){l£L- I shall have
F.P. 8a Éxw KaTl1'YoPr)IJEt - I shall have 8a Éxw KaTl1'YoP118El - I shall have have resided been inhabited
accused been accused
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE
(with va, 'Yta va, óTav etc.)
(with vu , YLU Vu., ó rcrv I e t c , )
P. KaTl1'YoPW - that I may be accusing KaTl1'YoPOU IJ-al - that I may be accused P. that I may be reslding KUl;OLKOUUUL- that I may be
P.S. KaTl1'YoPr)IJW - that I may accuse KaTl1'Yop118w - that I may be accused inhabited led
Pr.P Éxw KaTl1'YoPr)IJEt - that I may have Éxw KaTl1'Yop118El - that I may have been P.S. KU'OLKnOW - that I may reside KUl;OLKT)~W- that I may be inhabit
accused accused Pr.P. ixw KU'OLKnO£L- that I may have ~Xw KU.OLKT){l£L- that I may have
IMPERATIVE resided been inhabited
IMPERATIVE
P. KaTl1'Yópa - be accusing (sing.)
P. KUl:OLKU - be residing (~ing.)
P.S. KaTl1'YopáTE - be accusing (pI.)
KUl:OLK£Ll;£ - be residing (pl.)
P.S. KaTl1'YóPl1IJE - accuse (sing.) KaTl1'Yopr)80u - be accused (sing.)
KUl:OLKUO£ - reside (sing.) KUl:OLKn{lOu be inhabited
KaTl1'YoPElIJTE - accuse (pI.) KaTl1'Yop118EhE - be accused (pI.) KUl;OLKT,Ol:£ - reside Cp L; ) KUl;OLKT){l£Ll;£- be inhabited (plo )
INFINITIVE
P.S. va KaTl1'YoPrlIJEt - to accuse va KaTl1'YoP118El - to be accused INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE P. S. va KUl;OLKnO£L - to reside vu KUl:OLKT){l£~- to be inhabited
KIXTl1'YopwvTaS' - accusing KaTl1'YOPl1IJ-ÉV-OS', -11, -o - accused
(For exaplmes see p. 149) PARTICIPLE
KUl;OLKWVl;Us - residing KUl;OLKT)UÉV-Os,-T),-O - inhabited
- 130 - -131- (For examples see p. 149)
Ka..OpÔWV(J) (1) - to achieve; to obtain; to succeed; to attain KEPOC!:W (1) - to gain; to earn; to win; to make a profit
Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice,
I am being achieved P. I gain I am won, I am being won
P. I achieve
Ka..OPÔWVOl-LE Ka..Opôwvol-La.~ Ka..OpÔ(J)VÓl-La.a.E KEPOC!:(J) K£POC!:Ol-LE K£pOC!:OlJ.O-L XEPoL!:Ól-La.a.£
Ka..OPÔWV(J)
Ka..Opôwv£.£ Ka..opôwvEaa.L Ka..opôwv£a.E KEPOC!:£I-G XEpOC!:£.E KEpoC!:£aa.1- x£pol:!:Ea.£
Ka..OPÔWV£~G
Ka..Opôwvouv Ka..OPÔWVE.a.~ Ka..OPÔWVOV.a.L K£POC!:£I- K£POC!:ouv K£pOL!:£.a.~ K£PO C !:OV.a.'L
Ka..OPÔWv£~
I was being achieved P.C. I was gaining I was being won
P.C. I was achieving
Ka..OPÔWVa.l-L£ Ka..OpÔ(J)vÓl!OUV Ka..OpÔ(J)vÓl-La.a.E KÉpo~!:a K£POC!:a.l-L£ K£POI-!:Ól-LOUV K£pO~!:Ól-La.o.£
Y.a..ópô(J)va.
Ka.-cOPÔWva..£ Ka..opô(J)vóaouvKa..opÔ(J)vÓaa.a.E KÉpO~!:£b K£POC!:a..E KEpoL!:óaouv X£pol-!:óoa.a.E
Ka.-cÓpÔ(J)V£G
Ka..ÓpÔ(J)Va.v Ka.cOPÔ(J)VÓ.a.V Ka..OPÔWvov.a.v KÉPO~!:E KEpOL!:a.V K£pOI-!:Ó.a.v K£pOL!:OV.a.V
Ka..ÓpÔ(J)v£
I was achieved P. S. I gained I was won
P. S. I achieved
Ka..opôwaa.l-L£ Ka.TOpÔWôlJKa. Ka..OpÔ(J)Ôr)Ka.l-L£ Kt-pOI-Oa. K£pOCaa.l-L£ K£pOLO.nKa. K£PO~O.nKa.l-L£
Ka..Ópô(J)aa.
Ka..OPÔOOa..E Ka..OpÔW&lJKEG Ka..OpÔ(J)Ôr)Ka..E KÉPOI-OEG K£poCaa..£ KEpOLO.nXEG K£pOl-a.nKa..£
Ka..Ópô(J)a£G
Ka..Ópôwaa.v Ka..op&wÔnK£ Ka..opôwÔnKa.V KÉpOl-aE KÉpoLaa.v KEpOCo.nKE K£poCa.nKa.V
Ka..Ópôwa£
I shall be achieved F.C. I shall be gaining I shall be won
F.C. I shall be achievinQ
ôa Ka..Opôwv(J) ôa. Ka..opôWaol-L£ ôó. Ka..OPÔWVOl-La.L ÔU KEPOC!:W OO K£POL!:Ol-LE fu K£POC!:Ol-La.~ ôa. K£POI-!:Ól-La.o.£
ôa. Ka..OPÔWV£~G ôa. Ka..Op{}WVE.£ ôa. Ka..opôwv£aa.L OO X£POC!:ELG OO K£POC!:EliE fu K£poC!:Eaa.1- fu x£PoC!:£o.£
ôa. Ka..Opôwv£~ OO Ka..Opôwvouv etc. ôa KEPOL!:£L OO K£POC!:ouv OO K£POC!:E.a.1- fu K£pOL!:OV.a.1-
tX(J) Ka..OPÔOO£~- I have achieved ~X(J) Ka..OPÔ(J)ÔEL - I have been Pr.P. I have gained Éxw K£pOnô£t - I have been won
Pr.P. achieved
£LXa. Ka..OPÔ(J)ÔEL - I had been P.P. ELXa. K£poCaEL- I had gained won
P. P. achieved
F.P. ôa. €X(J) Ka..OpôWaE~ - I shall have ôa. ÉX(J) Ka..OPÔ(J)ÔEL - I shall F.P. {}o. ÉX(J) KEpoCa£L - Ishall 3a. tX(J) K£Ponôd.* - I shall have
achieved have been achieved have gained been won
F.P.P. &u ELxa Ka~OpawaE~- I would .aa. El.Xa UU-rOPÔuX1£"l.-. I would
have achieved have been achieved
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
that I may be achiev- Ka..OPÔWVOl-La.L - that I may be P. K£POC!:W - that I may be gaining K£pOL!:Ol-La.I-- that I may be won
P.
ing achieved P.S. K£POCOW - that I may gain K£POnÔW - that I may be won
Ka..OpôWa(J) - that I may achieve Ka..OPÔ(J)Ôw - that I may be " Pr.P. ~Xw K£POCO£I-- that I may have éxw K£ponô£L - that I may have
P.S.
éX(J) Ka."copôWaEL - that I may have 8X(J) Ka..OPÔ(J)Ô£L-that I may have gained been won
Pr.P. been achieved
achieved IMPERATIVE
IMPERATIVE P. KEPOI-!:£ - be gaining (sing.) KEPOC!:OU - be gained (sing.)
Ka..ÓpÔ(J)V£ - be achieving (sing.) K£pOC!:E.£ - be gaining (pl.) K£poC!:£a.£- be gained (pl.)
P.
Ka..OPÔWVE.E- be achieving (pl.) P. S. KÉpOl-a£ - gain (sing.) K£POCôou - be gained (sing.)
Ka..ópô(J)aE - achieve (sing.) Ka..OPÔWÔOU - be achieved (sing.) K£poCa.s - gain (pl.) KEPOLÔEL.£ - be gained (pl.)
P. S.
Ka..opôwa.E - achieve (pl.) Ka..OPÔ(J)ÔEL.£-be achieved (pl.)
INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE P. S.
va. K£POnÔE.L - to be gained
P. S.
Va. Ka..OPÔ(J)Ô£L- to be achieved
PARTICIPLE
K£POI-Ol-LEV-OG,-n,-o - gained
PARTICIPLE
Ka..OPÔ(J)l-LEV-OG,-n,-o-achieved * Some forms may be written with n . The speelling derives
-132- (For examples see pp. 149, from the ancient form of the verb being xEpoatv(J)- tKtponaa.
150)
-133- (For examples see p. 150)
HÂaLW (1) - to weep; to cry to mourn; to lamen t KÂÉpu) (1) - to steal; to rob
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative ~s:_!l_y_e____JI_Q_i_s:~, Indicative Passive Voice, In~icative
I am lamented P. I steal I a m-b;;i-~-g-~t 01-;;;-------
P. I cry
KÂaLOjJ.E-KÂa(UE HAaLojJ.aL KÂaLojJ.aoTE KAÉi3W KAS[30jJ.E KÂÉBojJ.aL KAEBójJ.aoTE
HÂaLw
HÂaLELs HÂaLETE- HÂaLTE HAaLEoaL HAaLEoTE HASBELs UÂÉ[3ETE KAÉBEoaL KASBEOTE
HÂaLEL HÂaLouv - HÂaLvE KAaLETaL HÂaLovTaL HAÉBEL uÂÉ[3ouv KAÉBETaL KAsBovTaL
I was crying I was being lamented P. C. I was stealing I was being stolen
P. C.
KAaLajJ.E KÂaLOjJ.OUv KAaLojJ.aoTE ÉUÂE[3a uAs[3ajJ.E UAEBojJ.ouv uAEBójJ.aOTE
ÉHAaLa
HÂaLaTE KÂaLóoouv KAaLóoaoTE ÉUAE13Es uAÉ[3aTE UAEBooouv uAEBooaOTE
ÉHÂaLEs
ÉHÂaLav HÂaLóTav KÂaLovTav ÉUAE[3E €UAEBav uAEBóTav uAsBovTav
£HAaLE
Pr.P. Éxw HÂa.\)JEL - I have cried ÉXW KÂa~TEL - I have been Pr.P. Éxw UAStVEL I have stolen Éxw HAE~Td I have been stolen
ÉXELs .... etc. £XELs ..• etc. lamented ÉXELs . . . etc. ÉXELs ...
I
F. P. I shall have {:jo. Éxw KÂa~TEC- I shall have F. P. &0. EXW UAÉ\)JEL - I shall 50. Éxw UÂE~TEC- I shall have
cried been lamented have stolen been stolen
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. HÂaLw - that I may be crying HÂaLOjJ.aL-that I may be lamented (wi th »o., y LU. Va,ÓTavetc.)
P. S. HAá.\)JW - that I may cry KÂa~Tw - that I may be lamented P. uÂÉBw - that I may be stealing uÂÉBojJ.aL- that I may be stolen
Pr.P. Éxw HAá.\)JEL - that I may have cried Éxw KÂa~TE(- that I may have" P.S. uÂÉ\)Jw - that I may steal UAE~Tt.G - that I may be stolen
Pr.P. Éxw UAStVEL - that I may have Éxw UAE~TEL - that I may have
stolen been stolen
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
HAaCE - be crying (sing.) HAaLOU - be lamented (sing.) P. uAÉBE - be stealing (sing.)---;t);:sBou - be stolen (sing.)
P.
HÂaLETE - be crying (pl.) HÂaLEoTE - be lamented (pl.) UÂÉBETE - be stealing (pl.) UÂÉBEOTE- be stolen (pl.)
HÂa.\)JE - cry (sing.) KÂa.~TOU - be lamented (sing.) P. S. UÂÉtVE- steal (sing.) uÂÉtVOU - be stolen (sing.)
P. S.
HAá.\)JTE - cry (pl.) HAa~TE~TE - be lamented (pl.) UAStVTE - steal (pl.) UÂE~TELTE - be stolen (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
va HÂa~TE~ - to be lamented P. S. va UÂttjJEL - to steal va HÂE~TEC - to be stolen
P. S. va HÂá\)JEL - to cry
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
HÂajJ.Ev-OS,-n,-O - lamented, --------U-);:EjJ.jJ.Év-os,-n,-o - stolen
HÂaLovTas - crying
one who has wept, cried (For examples see p. 150)
(For examples see p. 15U) -135-
-134
, ,
U,ASLVW (l) - to close; to shut xó~~ (1) - to cut XÓ~O).J.o.L - I am cut, I cut myself
P. C. I was closing I was being closed P.C. I was cutting I was being cut
EXASLVo. XAELVo.US XASLVÓUOUV XAELV6uo.ocE g}{o~o. xó~a).J.E xo~óuouv xo~ó).J.aOTE
€XASLVS(;; XASLVo.cS XASLVÓOOUV XASLVÓOo.ocs ÉXO~EG xó~aTE xo~óoouv xo!3óoaoTE
EXASLVS EXASLVo.V XASLVÓco.V XASLVOVco.V !txo!3s ÉXO~o.v xo~óTav xó~ovTav
Pr.P. EXW YcASLOSL - I have closed ÉXW XASLOTS~- I have been Pr.P. I have cut I have been cut, I cut myself
ÉXSL(;; ... etc. EXSL(;; ... etc. closed Éxw XÓlj!EL Éxw xonEL
ÉXELG ••• etc. ÉXELt;; ••• etc.
P.P. SLXo. XASLOSL - I had closed SLXo. YcAELOTSL I had been
closed P.P. EGxa XÓlj!SL - I had cut E~xa xonEL - I had been cut
F.P. (}o. Éxw XASLOSL- I shall have (}o. €XW XASLOTSL I shall have
closed been closed F.P. &0. €XW XÓlj!SL - I shall &0. Éxw xonEL - I shall have been
have cut cut
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. XASLVW - that I may be -;;:i-;;~ing---j{idvOUo.L - that I may be closed
P. S. XASLOW - that I may close YcASLOTW - that I may be closed
Pr.P. Éxw YcASLOSL - that I may have EXW YcASLO~E~- that I may have SUBJUNCTIVE
closed been closed P. xó~w - that I may be cutting xój30uaL - that I may be cut
P. S. xólj!w - that I may cut xon~ - that I may be cut
IMPERATIVE Pr.P. ~xw X6lj!SL - that I may have Éxw xonE~ - that I may have
P. XASLVS - be closing (s{;:;g.>-----UASLVOU - be closed (sing.) cut IMPERATIVE been cut
XASLVSTE - be closing (pl.) XASLVSOTS - be closed (pl.) P. XÓ~E - be cutting (sing.) x6~ou - be cut (sing.)
P. S. xAsLos - close (sing.) XASLOOU~ be closed (sing.) XÓ~ETE - be cutting (pl.) XÓ~EOTE- be cut (pl.)
XA.SLOTS - close (pl.) XASLOTSLTS - be closed (pl.) P. S. XÓlj!E - cut (sing.) X6~TOU - be cut (sing.)
XÓlj!TE - cut (pl.) xonELTE- be cut (pl.)
INFINITIVE
._-_.--~-----._- I
,
\'
}('OLj..LOUj..LaL (4) - to sleep; to be asleep KOt Tá'U) (1) - to look at; to gaze; to examine; to attend
P.F. P.P. Elxa KOlTá~El - I had looked Elxa KOnaXTEl - I had been looked
F. P. 00. 8XW }(.oLlJ,T)0EC - I shall F.P. Oa Éxw KOlTá~El - I shall have looked Oa Éxw KOt TaXTEt - I shall have been looked
have slept
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. KOt Tá(w - that I may be looking Koná(Ollat - that I may be looked
P.S. KOlTá~w - that I may look KOtTaxn,J - that I may be looked
Pr.P. Éxw KOtTá~El - that I may have looked Éxw KOtTaXTEt - that I may be looked
Examples:
IMPERATIVE
KOLlJ,á-cat. ÓAn ]..LEPa. He sleeps all day. P. KOlTa(E - be looking (sing.) Koná(ou - be looked (sing.)
KOLlJ,á-caL -cov aLwvLo unvo. He sleeps the eternal sleep. KOt Tá(ETE - be looking (pI.) KOtTá(WTE - be looked (pI.)
Kot.j..Ll10T)UE. He is asleep. (or) He died. P.S. KOlTa~E - look (sing.) KonáXTou - be looked (sing.)
An6~E npÉnEt. vu }(.OLlJ,n- Tonight you must go to bed early. KOtTá~ETE - look (pI.) KOnaXTElTE - be looked (pI.)
0Ee-CE vwpLs. INFINITIVE
Kot.lJ,n0nUE npLV nOAAá xpó He died many years ago.
va KOlTá~El - to look va KOtTaXTEl - to be looked
VLa.
E~vaL }(,Ot.lJ,LOlJ,EVOs. He is stupid. PARTICIPLE
KOt Tá(oVTaS' - looking KOt TaYIlÉv-oS', -1], -o - looked
-138-
- 139 -
,
~oAugnw (2) - to swim ~OVTEUW (1) - to approach; to draw near; to be near
Examples:
In summer we swim in the sea Examples:
To Ka.AOXa.LPL xa3E lJ,Épa. XOAU
lJ,nOI,)j..LE O.n 3áAa.00a.. all day long.
He swims like a fish. KOVTEUOlJ,E o.nV n6An. We are approaching the city.
KoAUj..Lná. oo.v ~ápL. KOVTEUELG va .EAELWaELb;
KOAUlJ,nnOE a.n6 .0 Éva. a.KPw.n He swam from one cape to the other. Are you almost finished? (Are you about
to finish?)
pL 0.0 d.AAO. KOVTEUEL ]..LEOTl]..L£PL.
Do not swim in deep water. It is almost noon.
Mnv xoAu~náTEo.a Ba.3ELá VE K6vTE~a. Va. TOV nLOTÉ~w. I almost believed him.
pâ,,,, Tov X6VTEUW .•
KoAUj..LnOUoa.lJ,E yLo. lJ,La. ~pa.. We were swimming for one hour I am catching up with him ( I am
approaching him.)
KOVTEUW Va. TOV ~Taow. I am almost catching up with him.
K6vTE~E Va. XáOEL Tn ~wn He almost lost his life.
-140- TOU.
KOVTEUOUV OL YLOPTEG. The holidays are approaching.
-141-
,
XP~LW (2,3) - to hold; to have; to keep; to restrain xP£)l.W (2) also xp£jJ.á.?:w (1) and KPE)J.á.w (1) - to hang up;
to hang
Active Voice, lEdicative Passive Voice, Indicative
I am being held -=A_c_t_i Y_e_V_o_i_c~e, Ind i cat i v e Passive Voice, Indicative
P. I hold I hang
xpaLotJu£-xpan1UE KpaTLÉuaL KpaLLouaoL£ P. I am hanging
Kpa.w XPEUW XPEj.l.Otlj.l.£
XpaL£I:.S -xpaLá.s xpa,;£LL£-xpaL6..£ xpaLLEoaL KpaLLEOL£ xpÉj.l.Oj.l.aL Kp£j.l.Ój.l.aOl:£
xpaLE~-KpaLá. xpavoóv Kpa'LE.aL xpaLLoóvLaL xPEucis xPEj.l.énE XPEj.l.EOaL XP£j.l.£Ol:£
XP£j.l.á XP£llouv KPÉj.l.El:aL xpÉj.l.O\naL
I was holding I was being heId,I was holding
P.C. P. C. I was hanging
KpaLoÓoa xpaLouOUll£ Xpa1:LÓUOUV Xpal:LóllaOl:£ I was hanging
xpaLouoaL£ Kpa1:LÓOOUV Kpal:LÓOaOl:£ XP£j.l.ouoa XpEj.l.OUOaj.l.£ XPEj.l.Ój.l.OUV XpEj.l.Ój.l.ao-r£
xpaLouoEs xP£j.l.OUO£~ XpEj.l.OuOaL£
xpaLouo£ Kpa:;o{Joav KpaTLOl:a\l KpaLLÓVl:aV XPEj.l.OOOUV XpEj.l.óOao-r£
XP£j.l.OUOE XP£j.l.OUOUV xP£j.l.ó-rav XP£j.l.ov-rav
I was held, I held myself
P.S. I held
xpal:nOall£ xpa1:nanxa xpal:n8ý}xall£ P. S. I hanged I was hung
XPá.Lnoa Kpal:n8nxal:£ xpÉj.l.aoa XP£j.l.á.oaj.l.£
xpá.'nOEs xpal:noal:£ Kpa1:n8nx£s XPEj.l.á.o-rnxa xp£llao-rnKau£
xpá.l:noav Kpal:nanXE Kpa"tn8nxav xpÉj.l.aOE~ xp£j.l.a.oa-r£ XP£j.l.á.o-rnx£~ xP£uaonixa-r£
xpá.Lno£ xpÉj.l.ao£ xpÉj.l.aoav XP£j.l.a.O-rnXE Kp£uá.o-rnxav
I shall be holding I s2_all be held
F.C.
aa xpal:fu aa Kpal:oull£ aa xpa"tLÉllaL aa xpal:LóllaOl:£ F.C. I shall be hanging I shall be hung
aa xpal:£~s aa xpal:ELl:£ aa Xpal:LÉoaL 80. Kpal:LÉOl:£ 80. XPEj.l.W aa KP£UOUUE aa xpEuouaL 80. xPEuouaocs
aa xpal:£L aa xpal:oóv aa Kpal:L£LaL 80. xpa"tLoUVl:aL 80. xPEuci~ aa XPEj.l.á.-rE 8u. xpÉUEoaL 8u. KPÉj.l.EOc£
80. xPEuá aa XPEUOUV aa xptUELaL 80. xpÉuov-raL
I shall hold I shall be held
F.S. I shall hang
aa xpaLnow aa xpal:noOll£ 80. xpal:naW aa xpa"tn80611£ F. S. I shall be hung
80. xpal:nO£Ls fu xpal:no£l:£ aa xpa"tn8£Ls 80. xpal:n8£Ll:E aa xp£uá.ow 8u. XPEj.l.a.OOUE 80. xP£uao-ruS 8a. XPEuao-rOUUE
80. xpal:nO£L aa xpal:noouv 80. Kpa"tna£~ aa xpaLn8ou\I 80. XPEj.l.á.O£L~ 80. XPEUa.OE-rE 80. xPEUao-rELs 80. xpEuao-rE (. LE
80. XPEUá.O£L aa XPEUá.OOUV aa xPEuao-rEl. aa XPEuaocOuv
Pr.P. I have held
ixw xpaLnoEL ~xw Kpa"tna£L - I have been Pr.P. txw XPEUá.OEL- I have hung Éxw XPEuao-rEL - I have been
£XELs ••• etc. ~X£Ls xpa1:n8£( held tXEL~ •••• etc. ÉXEL~ .... etc. hung
etc.
£LXa Kpal:n8£L - I had been P.P. El.xa XPEUa.OEL- I had hung E ~ Xa XpEuaO-rE ~ - I had been
P.P. held hung
F.P. aa Éxw Kpal:nO£L- I shall au ~Xw xpa"tna£L - I shall F.P. aa ÉX(') XPEUá.OEL - Ishall 80. Éxw xPEuao-rEL - I shall
have held have been held have hang have been hung
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
xpal:W - that I may be holding Xpal:LÉllaL - that I may be held P. XPEUW- that I may be hanging xpÉj.l.OllaL- that I may be hung
P. P. S.
P.S. xpa1:nOW - that I may hold xpal:naW - that I may be held KPEUá.oW - that I may hang xPEuao-rw - that I may be hung
Éxw Kpanlo£L - that I may have c:xw xpal:na£1. - that I may have Pr.P. Éxw XPEUá.OEL - that I may have ~XW xpEuao-rEC- that I may have
Pr.P.
held been held hung been hung
IMPERATIVE H1PERATIVE
P. xpÉua - be hanging (sing.)
P. xpá."ta - be holding (sing.)
xpal:á"t£ - be holding (pl.) XPEj.l.á-rE - be hanging (pl.)
xpULnaOV - hold youself P. S. xpÉj.l.aoE - hang (sing.) XPEUa.OOU be hung (sing.)
P. S. xpá.l:nO£ - hold (sing.)
xpal:nOl:E - hold (pl.) Xpal:n8ELl:£ - hold youselves XPEj.l.cio-rE - hang (pl.) xPEuaoLn-rE - be hung (pl.)
INFINITIVE
va xpaLn8£L - to be held INFINITIVE
P. S.
P. S. va XPEj.l.a.OEL - to hang \Iu. XPEuao-rEl. - to be hung
PARTICIPLE
xpaLnj.l.ÉV-Os,-n,-o - held PARTICIPLE
(For examples see polSl, XPEj.l.Ŵv-ra~ - hanging xPEuaouÉv-os,-n,-o -hung or
-142- lS2) -143- hanged
(For examples see p.lS2)
,
KpU~W
, (1)- to hide'' to conceal', to screen
KpLVW (1) - to judge; to deem; to think Kpu(30}.La.L (4) - to hide oneself· to be hidden by someone
Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative ' Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative P. I hide I hide myself
I am being judged, I am judged
P. L judge KPU~W KPU~O~E KPu~o~aL Kpu~ó~aOTE
KpCVO~E KPLvo~a~ KPLvó~aoTE
KPLVW KPU~E~(; KPU~ELE KpU~EOa.L KPU!3EOTE
KPC'VETE KPCvEoa~ KPLVEOTE
KPCVE~(; KPU~EL KPU~OUV KPU~ELa.1. KPu!3ovTaL
KPCVOUV KplvETaL KPLvOVTaL
KPLVE~
judged P. C. I was hiding I was hiding
I was judging I was being
P.C. KPLvó~aoTE ~Kpu~a KPu~a~E KPu!3Ó~ouv KPu!3ô~aoLE
€KPLVa KpLva,~E KPLVÔ~OUV
KP~vôoaoTE ~KPU!3E(; KpU!3a.LE KPU~ÓOOUV KPu~óoaoTE:
KPLvaTE KPLVÓOOUV
~KPLVE(; KPCvOVTav !tKPU!3E ~Kpu~av KPU~ÓTa\) KPu~ovTav
ÉKPLvav KP~vôTav
t::KPLVE
I was judged P. S. I hid I hid myself
P. S. I judged ËKPul)Ja Kpul)Ja~E KPUGHnKa KPU(jnnKa~E
KPLva~E KPCanKa KPLanKa~E
ËKp~va KPLal)KaTE ÉKPul)Jq;; XpUl)Ja.TE KPUGHnKE(; KPucpLnKaLE
8KPLVE(; KpCvaTE KPLanKE(;
KPLanKaV tKPul)JE !txpul)Jav KPUGnnKE KpUCPTnKa.v
ÉKp~VE ÉKPLvav KPCanKE
E~Xa. KPLaE~ - I had been judged P. P. E{xa XpUl)JEI.- I had hidden EI.Xa. KpUCPTE~ - I had hidden
P.P. E~Xa. KpCVEL- I had judged myself
aa É:XW XpLaE~ - I shall have F.P. aa. Éxw KPUl)JEL- I shall - I shall have
F. P. aa ÉXW KpCVE~- I shall have hidden hidden myself
have iudged been judged
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. KP~VW - that I may be judging KpLVO~a.I.- that I may be judged
P. KPU~W - that I may be hiding xpó~o~aL- that I may hide myself
P. S. KPLVW - that I may judge KPLa~- that I may be judged
P. S. KpUl)JW - that I may hide ~PUCPLW- th~t I may hide myself
ÉXW KpLVEI.- that I may have EXW XpLa~C - that I may have been
Pr.P. judged Pr.P. ÉXW XPUl)JEL- that I may have EXW XpUCPLEL - that I may have
judged hidden
IMPERATIVE hidden myself
IMPERATIVE
P. KPLVE - be judging (sing.) oO 0.·0
P. XPU~E - be hiding (sing.) xpu!3ou - be hiding yourself(sing.)
KpCVETE- be judging (pI.) o. o o O'
KPU~ELE- be hiding (pl.) XPU!3EOTE - be hiding yourselves
P. S. KPLVE _ judge (sing.) KPLaOU- be judged (sing.)
KPLVETE- judge (pl.) KP~aELTE - be judged (pl.) P. S. KPUl)JE - hide (sing.) xpól)Jou,- hide yourself(sing.)
INFINITIVE
KPUl)JELE - hide (pl.) KpUCPTELLE - hide yourselves
vu. XpLaEL to be judged
P. S. va XPLVEL - to judge
INFINITIVE
PARTICIPLE I
,
_ to cool; to catch cold; to be cold; to get cold X1:Lk:W - see
XpUWVW (1) x1:un0 -see
Indicative Subjunctive
XU(3EPVW (2) - to govern; to administer; to rule
P. I am cold
XPUWVOjJ.E P. xpuwvw - that I may be cold
xpuwvw Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
XPUWVEl.G XPUWVE1:E
P.S. xpuoow - that I may be cold P. I govern I am being governed
XPUWVEI. xpUWVOUV
XUI3EPV<.6 liu(3EPVOtlf.J.E xUI3EPVl.tjJ.a.l. xuI3EpVl.ójJ.a01:E
Pr.P. éxw XPUWOEl.- that I may xu(3Epv<k xU(3EPVJ.LE xUI3EPVl.~Oa.l. xuI3EPVl.É01:E
P.C. I was being cold
have (been) cold XUI3EPVÓ. xU(3EPvo6v xU(3EPVl.£1:a.l. XU(3EPvLOUV1:a.l.
xpUWva. XPUWVa.jJ.E
XPUWVEG XPUWVa.1:E I was governing
P. C. I was being governed
XPUWVE xpuwvav
Imperative XU(3EPVOGOa. liu(3EPvOUOa.jJ.E xu(3Epv1.6jJ.ouv xu(3EPV1.6jJ.a.01:E
xu(3EPvo6oEG xu(3EPVOUOa.TE xu(3sPv1.6oouv xu(3Epv1.6oa.o1:s
P. S. I was cold liu(3EPVOUOE liu(3spvouoa.v xu(3EPv1.61:a.v xu(3sPVl.ÓV1:a.v
XPuooajJ.E P. XPUWVE - be cold (sing.)
xpUWoa.
XPUWOEG xPUWOa1:E
XPUWVE1:E - be cold (pl.) P. S. I governed I was governed
XPUWOE xpuwoav
xu(3Épvnoa xu(3EPvnoajJ.E xu(3EPvnanXa. xu(3EpvnanXa.jJ.E
P.S. XPUWOE - be (have)cold xu(3ÉPVnOEG xue,EpvnOa.TE liu(3€PVnanliEG xu(3EPvnanXa.TE
F.C. I shall be cold xu(3ÉpVnOE liu(3ÉpvlIaa.v xu(3EpvnanXE xul3EpvnanXa.v
(sing.)
oo xpuwvw aa. XPUWVOjJ.E
XPU~1:E- be (have)cold
oo XPUWVEl.G aa. XPUWVE1:E
(p 1. ) F. C. I shall be governing I shall be governed
aa. XPUWVEI. oo xpuwvouv aa. XU(3EPvw aa. liU(3EPVQ"lJjJ.E aa. xu(3EPVl.ÉjJ.a.l. aa. liu(3EPVl.Óf.J.aOLE
Infinitive aa. liu(3EPVcX.G aa xu(3EpváLE aa xu(3EPVl.~OaL aa xu(3EPVl.£OLE
F. S. I shall be cold aa. XU[3EPVÓ. aa liU(3Epvo0v aa. xu(3EPVl.ÉLa.l. aa xU(3EPvLOUVLa.l.
aa. XPUWOW aa XPUWoOjJ.E
aU. XPUWOEl.G aa XPUWoE1:E P. S.
va XPUWOEI. - to be cold I shall govern I shall govern
F. S.
aa. XpuWoEl. aa xPuWoouv to have cold
aa xu(3EPvnaw aa liu(3EPvnaOUjJ.E
aa. liu(3EPvnow aa xu(3EPvnOOjJ.E
aa xu(3EpvnOELG aa. liu(3EPvnoELE aa. xu(3EPvnaE~s aa. xu(3EpvnadLE
Pr.P. I have been cold aa. xu(3EPvnooUv aa. xu(3EPvnaEL aa. xU(3EPvnaoUv
aa xu(3EpvnOEl.
Éxw XPUWOSI.
e:;XEl.G ••• etc. Pr.P. I have governed
Participle
e:xw liu(3EPvnOSl. €XW xU(3EPvnaEL - I have been
P .P. E(Xa. XPUWOEl.- I had(been)cold
XPUWVOVTaG - being cold governed
having cold P.P. ELXa. xu(3EPvnOEl.- I had governed EtXa. xu(3EPvnaEL- I had been
F.P. aa. £XW XPUWoEL- I shall have Papsiye Participle governed
(b een) co Id
xpuwjJ.Év-os,-n,-o -one who aa. txw xu(3EPvnOEl.- I shall have aa txw xu(3spvnaE~- I shall have
has a cold governed be e n governed
SUBJUNCTIVE
Examples:
P. liU(3EPVW - that I may be governing liU(3EPVl.~jJ.a.l.
- that I may be
The child is cold (feels cold). governed led
To na.l.OL XPUWVEl..
The refrigerator cools the water. P. S. xu(3spvnaw- that I may govern xu(3Epvnaw- that I may be govern
To ~UYECO XPUWVEI. 1:0 vEP6.
Cool your soup before eating it. Pr.P. 8XW xuf3spvnOEl.- that I may have €XW xU(3EPvnaEL- that I may have
KPUWOE Tn oouna OOU np"v
governed been governed
TnV <paG· IMPERATIVE
Tu <pa.ynTó XpUWOE. The food is cold (got cold).
We caught cold. P. xu(3Épva- be governing (sing.)
KPUWoa.jJ.E. liu(3EPváLS- be governing (pl.)
To na.l.oC XPUWVEI. Yl.aTL OEV The child is cold (feels cold)
because he does not have a coat. P. S. xu(3Épvnos-govern (sing.) xu(3EpvnooU- be governed (sing.)
ÉXEl. rto.voxpóp t ,
I caught a cold during the trip. xU(3SPvnOLS - govern (pl.) liu(3spvnaELLE- be governed (pl.)
~TO Ta.~COl. xpuwoa.
His words made me indifferent INFINITIVE
Tu. AÓyl.a. TaU jJ.E xpUwoav.
(toward him). P. S. Va. xu[3spvnOSl.-to govern Va. xU[3spvnas( - to be governed
In winter we are cold (we feel cold), PARTICIPLE
we catch cold. xu[3EpvWVLaG - governing xu[3spvnjJ.£v-os,-n,-o- governed
(For examples see p.152)
-146- -147-
,
KávEl KpUO. KávEl 'ÉO'TT]. It is cod. It is hot.
t::.EV KávEl va cj>as KpÉas. You should not eat meat.
The mother cleans the house. Káva ó,n TOU KaTEI)Et. He does whatever comes to his mind.
H IJ. T]TÉ pa Ka8apl'El TO o rn n.
The school has been cleaned. TáKavE (r« ÉKavE) ávw KáTW. He turned everything topsy-turvy.
To GXOAElO ÉXEl Ka8ap1.O'TEt.
Clean your hands. TáKavE (Ta ÉKaVE) 8áAaGO'a. He made a mess. (He failed badly.)
Ka8áp1.O'E Ta XÉpw O'OU.
This washing machine cleans the TáKavE GaAáTa. He made a mess. (He is a failure).
AUTÓ TO 1TAUVTTlptO Ka8apl'El Ta
clothes well. KáVEl IJ.W TpU1Ta GTO VEpÓ. He makes a hole in the water. (He is a
pouxa KaAá.
failure).
KaAá TOU ÉKaIJ.E. He punished him properly. (He did him well.)
Kávw 6ÉKa XtAtÓIJ.ETpa TT] IJ.Épa. I walk ten kilometers a day.
H cj>wná ÉKal.(lE ÓAO TO BáO'os. The fire burnt the whole forest. IIo.oS KáVEl xapná; Who deals cards?
To cj>ayT]TÓ KáT]KE. The meal was bumt. To aUTOKllJ.T]TO KávEl ElKOGt 1TÉVTE The car gives twenty-five miles
L~IJ.Epa o rlAtOS Kala 1TOAU.
The sun bums very much today. IJ.lAW GTO yaAÓVt. per gallon.
M' ÉKal.(lE o rlA.os. The sun bumt me. KávE IJ.OU TT] XápT]. Do me the favor. (Also: Do me the favor
AVTÓ TO 1TatBl lJ.as ÉKal.(lE.
This child burnt us (has caused us much to get out of here.)
trouble). H KPrlTT] KáVEl wpalO AáBt. Crete produces good oil.
H cj>wná Kala or yá-O'tyá. The fire bums slowly. KáVEl TO 1TaAtKápt. He pretends to be brave.
To 1Tt1TÉpt ÉKal.(lE TT] yAwO'O'a IJ.0U. The pepper burnt my tongue. 'EKaIJ.E XPÓVW GTT]V A IJ.EptKl). He lived in America for years.
Tov XElIJ.Wva KallJ.E 1TOAAá ~UAa GTO
During the winter we bum much wood in the KávEl TOV áppWGTO. He pretends to be sick.
fire place. KávElS 1TWS BE IJ.E ~ÉpElS. You pretend that you do not know me.
T,án.
'EIWIJ.E TO O'1Tln TOU GXOAElO. He converted his house into a school.
KáVEl TO VEpÓ KpaO't. He turns the water into wine. (He is
pursuasive).
Tt KávETE; How are you? How do you do? ea TOV KálJ.w va IJ.E cj>ol)áTat. I will teach him to fear me.
'EKalJ.a TO lJ.á8T] lJ.á uou. I did my lesson. t::.E IJ.OU Káva aUTó TO O'1Tln. This house is not suitable for me.
Tt va Kávw;
What am I going to do? What shall I do?
It is all the same. KaTuyO()W
To (ôto KávEl.
LTT] 'wrl TOU ÉKalJ.E 1Toná 1TpáYlJ.aTa. In his life he accomplished much.
He pretends to be a saint. ME KaTT]yópT]O'E ón El1Ta l.(lÉlJ.aTa. He accused me of lying.
KávEl TOV áy.o.
LTO xwptÓ aUTó Kávouv KaAá8w. They make baskets in this village. KaTT]yop~8T]KaV yw KA01Trl. They were accused of theft.
Oi BOUAOt Kávouv 1TÓAE 1J.0 yw TT]V The slaves wage war for their freedom. H yuvalKa KaTT]yópT]O'E TOV áVTpa The woman accused her husband of
EAEu8Epla TOUS·
TT]S ón TT] XTU1TT]O'E. having hit her.
KávalJ.E Éva Ta~lBt O'TT]V AIJ.EptKrl· We took a trip to America. H aO'TUVOlJ.la ÉXEl KaTT]yopT]8El ón The police has been accused
'EKalJ.av IJ.W E1TlGKEl.(lT] O'TOUS cj>lAOUS TOUS. They paid a visit to their friends. XPT]O'tIJ.01TOtEl KaTa1TtEO'nKá' IJ.ÉTpa. of using repressive measures.
ea KálJ.olJ.E Éva 1TEpl1TaTo. We will take a walk.
The fruit is ripe. KaTOtKW
Ta cj>pouTa ElVat KalJ.wlJ.Éva.
O f\ávvT]S ÉKaIJ.E Éva 6áVEtO a1Tó TT]V John borrowed money from the bank.
KaTOtKOUIJ.E GE Éva IJ.EyáAO O'1Tln. We live in a big house.
Tpá1TE,a.
They have good children. ea KaTOtKrlO'OIJ.E GTT]V A8rlva. We wi11live in Athens.
'EKalJ.av KaAá 1TatBtá.
We take a walk in the garden. Oi 1TpWTOt áv8pW1TOt KaTOtKouO'av The first men lived in caves.
KávolJ.E IJ.w l)óATa GTOV Krl1TO.
This year the vineyards produced an GE G1TT]AtÉS.
éPÉTOS Ta alJ.1TÉAw ÉI<:alJ.av 1TOAAá
abundance of grapes. To G1Tl n KaTOtKrl8T]KE a1Tó 1TpÓGcj>UyES. The house was occupied by refugees.
GTacj>1.fAw. II ou KaTOtKElS; Where do you live?
H IJ.T]TÉpa KáVEl TO KpEl)án. The mother makes the bed.
These clothes do not fit me. N0lJ.l(ElS 1TWS GTO cj>Eyyápt KaTOtKOUV Do you think that on the moon live men?
t::.E IJ.OU Kávouv aUTá Ta poUxa.
You would make a good prime minister. áv8pW1TOt;
EO'u Kávas yw 1Tpw8u1TOUPYÓS.
(Also: spoken with irony: You are good for
nothing.)
'EKavE aEpo1TópOS. He was a pilot
KaTOp8WGaIJ.E va GWO'ou IJ.E TO 1Tatôl We succeeded to save the child
1TOU 1TVt yÓTav. who was drowning.
- 148 -
- 149 -
,
O~ apxaCo~ 'EAAnVEG MaLóp&woav The ancient Greeks succeeded in
va V~MnOOUV LOUG rr~pOEG MaL va beating the Persians and in chasing
them out of Greece. K6~.w LO ~W~C. I cu t the b r ead ,
LOUG 6~wEouv an6 Lnv EAAa6a. TÓ MpEaG E L vo.t OMAnp6 MaC 6EV The meat is tough and cannot be
H LaLP~Mn En~OLn~n MaL6p&woE Medical science has succeeded in
conquering polio, the dreaded MÓ~E1:a~ . cut.
va V~MnOE~ Ln ~O~Epn appWaLE~a 'EMo~a LO 6aMLUA6 ~OU. I cut my finger.
noA~0~UEACL~6a. disease.
K6~w Ma~E. I grind coffee.
K6~a~E OX~OE~G. We have cut off our relationship.
O y~a1:póG ]lOU E~nE va. x6~w 1:0 The doctor told me to stop (cut out)
MEP6C\:w 1:0~yapo. smoking.
I earn my bread. Mau Éxouv X6~E~ LOV ]l~0&6. They have cut my salary.
KEp6C\:w LO ~w~C ~OU. Tau SXO~E ~~o{}ó. He gave him a salary.
Ktp6~OE LO ~pa~E~O No~ntA OLnv He won the Nobel prize in literature.
'Exo~a 1:0 MPaoL, 1:0V xa~~ xaL TO r have stopped drinking wine and coffee
qlLAOAOY Ca. Lo~yapo. and also smoking.
KEP6Coa~E LO E&V~M6 AaXECo. We have won the national lottery.
They won many million of drachmas Ta yAuMa x6~ouv Lnv ôpEEn. Sweets make you lose some appetite.
Ktp6~oav nOAAa ~MaLo~up~a 6pa MaG SXO~E LO MPUO. The cold has made us slow down.
by playing cards.(in card games)
X~~G aLa xapL~a. John Kennedy won the 1960 presidential Mau ÉMO~EG LO a~~a. You frightened me.
O T\:wv K~VVELU M~p6~OE OL~G ME x6~ouv La nanouLo~a ~OU. My shoes are tight.
~MAOY~G LOU 1960. election. Kó~n AE~La.
This girl has won my love. He makes lots of money.
Au.6 LO MOptLO~ MÉp6~OE Lnv K6~E~ Ma~ pa~E~. (He cuts and saws). He chatters a lot.
I ayánn ~OU. K6~w 6p6~0. I retreat.(or) I make a fast getaway.
ITpoona&EL va MEp6COE~ Ma~p6. He tries to gain time.
I I
TO ÉMO~E Aaonn. He retreated fast.
TO xpw~a ÉMO~E. The paint faded.
I TO ~axaCp~ 6EV M6~E~ xaAa. The knife does not cut well.
Tov ÓW~E LO mnOXLVTlLO. . He was hit (killed) by a car.
He is crying \~eeping). b..E. ue M6~E t. • I do not care.
KAaCE~. He cried much on account of the K6~E~ LO ~uaA6 LOU. He is smart.
'EMAa~E nOAU y~a LOV &ávaLo LOU K6~E~ LO XE~AL LOU. He is smart.
death of his beloved friend.
ayann~~vOU LOU ~LAOU. K6~ELa~ y~a. LQV ~LAO LOU. He would do anything for his friend.
KAá~a~E. We wept.
'Hp&E MAaLOVLaG. He came weeping (crying).
Anó La ~aL~a ~aLVELa~ ÓL~ SXE~ From the looks of (his,her) eyes
(he,she) must have cried a lot.
MAa~E~ .
KOL1:a~W LOV oupav6. I look at the sky.
KO~Tá~w Ln 60UAELa ~OU. I care about my work. ( I do my work.)
O ~CAOG ~OU xO~Tá~s~ TIOAU Tn My friend takes very good care of his
He stole my money. 60UASLa TaU. work.
Mau €XAE~E La xpn~aLa ~OU. H voooM6~a xO~La~E~ LOV âppw The nurse looks after the sick.
Mau SXAE~E Lr"]V ayann ~OU. He took away my darling.
The portrait was stolen from the aLa.
Tu nOPLpa~1:0 MAannXE ortó HIV Tov MOLLaEE O YLaTP6G. The doctor examined him.
n~vaMo&nMn Ma1:á LTlV 6~apXE~a gallery during the night.
KOLLa\:w LOV âVLpa ~OU. r look after my husband.
LnG VUXLaG. KO~LáxLnMa oLav xa&p~~Ln. I looked myself in the mirror.
They robbed us.
MaG ÉMAE~av. They stole whatever valuable things KOLLa~E LTl 60UAE~a OOU MaL ~n Mind your own business and don't
'EMAE~av Ó,1:~ nOAuL~~O E~xa- Ev6~a~~PEoaL yLa La noALLLxa. pay attention to the politics.
we had.
~E.
MaG €xAE~aV OLO \:uy~o~a. They cheated us with the weight.
, ,
r'l'
Mou KpaTáEl KaKta. He is at enmity with me. AaAŵ ( 3) - t O s p e a k ; tot a I k ; toc hat t e r
O nÓAqJ.OS' KpáTllO"E É~1. xpóvw. The war lasted six years.
My speech will not be too long. Indicative
O AÓyOS' uou ÔEV Sa KpaTT10"E1. noAu. P. I speak
I,
Ta nanouTO"w KpáTllO"av Éva Xpóvo. The shoes lasted one year. AaAcD AaAoDJJ.E P. AaAd.l - that I may be speaking
" To O"ntn Elva1. nEvl]VTa Xpóvwv Ka1. The house is fifty years old and AaAEL!;;; AaAE ~ TE;
11
aKó~a KpaTáE1.. is still in good shape. AaAEL AaAOU\) P.S. AaA~ow - that I may speak
KpanÉTa1. KaAá aUTóS' o yÉpoS'. This old man is still holding his own.
KpaTllSl]Ka~E Ta O"X01.V1.á
anó yw va We held onto the ropes in order not p. c. I was speaking Pr.P. ixw AaA~oEL - that I may have
~ 11 nÉO"ou ~E o-r n SáAaO"O"a. to fall into the sea. AaAoDoa AaAouoaJJ.E spoken
KpáTllO"E TllV avanvol] O"OU. Hold your breath. AaAouOEs AaAouoacE
AaAouoE AaAouoav
Imperative
Kj2EUŴ
P. S. I spoke
KpÉ~aO"E TO navw4>óp1. o ou. Hang up your coat.
The coat is hanging on the hanger. AaAnOa AaAnoaflE P. AaAEL - be speaking (sing.)
To navw4>óp1. KpÉ ~ETa1. c-rnv KPE ~áO"Tpa. AaAnOEs AaAll oc.r E
Ta na1.ô1.á KáSE !)páôu, rrpiv nÉO"ouv, The children, every night before they go AaAnOE AaAnOa\) AaAELTE-
I
be speaking (pl.)
KPE ~á,ouv Ta pOUXa TOUS'. to bed, hang up their clothes.
H TUXll TOU KpÉ ~ETa1. O"Ta XÉ pw TOU His fate is in the judge's hand. F. c. I shall be speaking
Ô1.KaO"Tl]. {Jo. AaAci; {Jo. AaAOUJJ.E P.S. AaAnOE - speak (sing.)
L:rl ~Epa KpÉ ~aO"av TOV KaKOn01.Ó rrou Today they hanged the criminal who {Jo. AaAELs &0. AaAECTE
O"KÓTWO"E TOV aO"TUVO ~1.KÓ. killed the policeman. {Jo. AaAEL {Jo. AaAOD\) AaAELOTE - speak (pl.)
O KaKOn01.ÓS', rrou O"KÓTWO"E TOV aO"TU The criminal, who killed the policeman
VO~1.KÓ, KpE~áO"TllKE O"l]~Epa. was hanged today. F. s. I shall speak
We depended on him, but he did not do {Jo. AaA~OW {Jo. AaA~OOflE Infinitive
------
KpE ~aO"TrlKa~E O"Ta XÉpw TOU, ~a ÔEV
{Jo. AaAnOELs {Jo. AaAnOETE
ÉKa~E TtnOTE. anything. {Jo. AaAnOEL {Jo. AaA~OOU\)
P.S. va AaA~OEL -to speak
~ Pr.P. I have spoken
Tov ÉXOUV KptVE1. ÉVOXO. They have found (judged) him guilty. Éxw AaA~OEL
O Ô1.KaO"TrlS' ÔEV ÉKp1.VE O"wO"Tá. The judge did not judge correctly. ÉXELs .... etc.
'AKOUO"E Ka1. KptVE. Listen and be the judge. Participle
KánOTE Sa Kp1.SElTE. Some day you will be judged. P. P. ELxa AaA~OEL- I had spoken
AS' KptVE1. O KÓO"~OS'. Let the people judge. AaAW\)Ta!;;; - speaking
F.P. {Jo. ixw AaAnOEL- I shall
have spoken
~
'EKPUlfJE Ta XPrl~aTa KáTW anó TO He hid the money under the bed.
KpE!)án.
Kpiidrou. Hide yourself.
They hid themselves. Examples:
Kpu 4>Twav.
TL uou KpU!)ElS'; Kán uou KpU!)ElS'. What are you hiding from me? You are
Ene TEAOUs AaAnOE. At last he spoke.
hiding something from me.
The child was hiding and nobody eO. AaAnOELs; Will you speak?
To na1.ôt KpU!)ÓTaV Ka1. KavÉvaS' OL nETELVOL AaA00\) npWL npwL. The roosters crow early in the
ÔEV ~nopouO"E va TO !)pE1.. could find him. morning.
KpU!)El Ta XPóV1.a TOU. He is hiding his years. Who spoke?
EÉpEl va Kpu!)ETa1.. He knows how to cover things up.
KU(3Ej2VŴ
O KU!)EpVrlTllS' KU!)Epvá Tllv nOA1.TEta The governor governs the state with
~E 4>póVllO"l1. prudence.
To KpáTOS' KU!)EpV1.ÉTa1. anó TOV The nation is governed by the president of
rrpósôpo TllS' ôll ~oKpaTtaS'. the republic.
Till now five presidents have governed 153-
MÉXp1. Tŵpa KU!)ÉpvllO"av Tll xŵpa
~aS' nÉvTE npÓEÔp01.. our country.
n01.OS' KU!)Epvá Tŵpa; Who is governing now?
- 152 -
,
AÉ vw (1) - to tell; to say; to speak AÉyoum (4) - I am called
A-á.l!TIW (1) - to shine; to glitter; to glisten
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I say I am called
P. I shine AÉyw - AÉW AÉyOlJ-E - AÉ lJ-E AÉyOlJ-al AEYÓlJ-aCYTE
A-á.~no~E P. A-a.~nw that I may be shining
A-á.~nw AÉyEl5' - AE5' AÉyETE - AÉTE AÉyEcyal AÉyECYTE
A-á.~nE~G A-a.1-1nETE AÉyEl - AÉEl AÉyOUV - AÉVE AÉyETal AÉyovTal
. A-á.~nou\! P• S • A-á.wVw that I may shine
A-a.~nE~
Pr.P. 8XW A-á.~~E~ - that I may have P.C. I was saying I was being called
P. c. I was shining
shone ÉAEya AÉyalJ-E AEYÓlJ-OUV AEyÓlJ-aCYTE
iA-a1-1na A-á.~na~E AEyÓCYOUV AEyócyaCYTE
ÉAEyE5' AÉyaTE
iA-a~nEG A-a.~naTE AEyóTav AÉyovTav
ÉAEyE ÉAEyav
iA-a~nE iA-a~na\!
Imperative
P.S. I said
P. s. I shone
P. A-a.~nE - be shining (sing.) ElTIa ElTIalJ-E
ÉA-a~~a A-á.~~a~E
A-a.~~aH: ElTIE5' El TIaTE (the only common person)
tA-a~~EG A-a.~nETE - be shining (pl.)
~A-aw)JE 8A-a~~a\! El TIE ElTIav ElTIWSTJKE - it was said
P.S. A-a.~~E - shine (sing.) F.C. I shall be saying I shall be called
F. c. I shall be shining
Sa AEyÓ lJ-aCYTE
aU. A-á.~nw aa. A-á.~no~E Sa AÉyw - AÉW Sa AÉyOI1'E - AÉlJ-E Sa AÉyOlJ-al
aa. A-a.~nETE A-a.~~ETE - shine (pl.) Sa AÉyEl5' - AE5' Sa AÉyETE - AÉTE Sa AÉyEcyal Sa AÉyECYTE
an. A-á.~nE~G
&0. A-ó.~nE~ &0. A-a.~nou\! Sa AÉyEl - AÉEl Sa AÉyOUV - AÉVE Sa AÉyETal Sa AÉyovTal
Infinitive
F. S. I shall shine F.S. I shall say
&á A-a.~~w &a A-a.~~O~E P.S. \!a A-a~~E~ - to shine Sa TIW Sa TIOUlJ-E
&â A-á.~~E~G aU. A-a~~ETE Sa TIEl5' Sa TIElTE
&â A-á.~~E~ &a A-á.~~OU\! Sa TIEl Sa TIOUV Sa ElTIwsd - it will be said
Pr. P. I have shone Pr.P. Éxw TIEl - I have said ÉXEl ElTIWSE{ - it has been said
Éxw A-a~~E~ Participle
ÉXEl5' TIEl . etc.
EXE~G ••• etc.
A-á.~nO\!Ta.G - shining
P.P. ElXa TIEl - I had said ElXE ElTIWSEt - it had been said
P. P. E[xa A-á.~~E~- I had shone
F.P. Sa Éxw TIEl - I shall have said Sa ÉXEl ElTIWsE{ - it will have been said
F. P. &0. Éxw A-á.WVE ~- I shall
have shone
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. AÉyW - AÉW - that I may be saying AÉyOlJ-al - that I may be called
P.S. TIW - that I may say ElTIWSEl - that it may be said
Examples: Pr.P. Éxw TIEl - that I may have said ÉXEl ElTIWSEl - that it may have been said
TO npóawnó TnG A-a~nE~ aá\! TO\! Her face shines like the sun. IMPERATIVE
riA-~o. P. AÉyE - be saying (sing.)
O nA-~OG A-a~nE~ nOA-u an~Epa. The sun shines brightly today.
A lightning shone in the sky. AÉyETE - be saying (pl.)
M~a aaTPa.nn ÉA-a~~E aTO\! oupa.
P.S. TIE5' - say (sing.)
\!6.
JO,T~ A-á.~nE~ 68\! EC\!a~ Xpu Everything that glitters is TIÉCYTE - say (pl.)
aá.<p ~ • not gold. INFINITIVE
Ta 6~a~á.\lT~a A-á.~nou\! noA-u. The diamonds glitter very much. va TIEl - to say va ElTIWsE{ - to be said
PARTICIPLE
AÉyoVTa5' - saying ElTIWlJ-Év-05', -TJ, -o - that which has been
told
(For examples see p.I6I)
-154-
- 155 -
,
AoyapLakw (1) - to calculate; to count; to figure out
~€Cn~ (1) - to be absent
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Indicative _Subjunct;iye ------- I am being calculated
I am absent
P. I calc4late
P. AoyapLá[;OllE ~oyap Lá.[;ollaL ~oyap La[;61-~a01:E
P. AECnw - that I may be absent ~oyaPLó.[;w
~€Cnw ~dnOll€ ~oyapLá[;E1:€ ~oyapLa6EoaL ~oyaPLa[;E01:E
AoyapLá[;ELs
~€Cn€Ls ~€Cn€1:E AoyaPLáoouv ~oyapLa[;E1:aL AoyaPLai:oV1:aL
s. ~oyapLa[;EL
~€Cn€L (c€Lnou'V P. Ad~.w - that I may be absent
P.C. I was calculating I was being calculated
P.C. I was being absent Pr.P. €XW AEC~EL - that I may have
~oyápLa[;a ~oyapLa[;all€ ~oyapLa[;óllou'V ~oyapLa[;6lla01:€
É~E:Lna ~€Lnall€ been absent
Aoyó.pLai:€b AOYapG&~aTE ~OyapLa[;óoou'V ~oyapLa[;óoa01:E
t~€Ln€s ~€Lna1:E AoyápLa[;€ AoyápLa[;a'V AoyapLai:a1:a'V ~oyaPLai:oV1:av
t~ELn€ t~€ i rto,v
Imperative
P.S. I c.alculated I was calculated
P.S. I was absent ~oyapLaOall€ ~oyaPLá01:nKa AoyapLa01:nKall€
P. AELnE - be absent (sing.) AoyáPLaoa
tAEL~a ~€L~all€ Aoyá.pLaO€s ~OyapLaOa1:€ ~oyaPLa01:nKEG AoyapLa01:nKa1:€
t~EL~€b ~€L~a1:€ ~oyápLaoE ~oyaPLaoav ~oyapLáo1:nKE AoyapLáo1:nKaV
É~€L~E É:~€L~a'V A€LnE1:E - be absent (pl.)
F. C. I shall be calculating I shall be calculated
F.C. I shall be absent P. S. A€C~E - be absent (sing.)
aa AoyaOLá.1:w aa ~oyapLá1:ollE aa ~oyaPLábollaL
aa ~ECnw aa ~€CnOllE aa. ~oyapLá1:€ls aa AoyapLái:E1:€ aa AoyaPLá1:EoaL
aa ~dn€LG aU. ~€LnE1:S ~€L~E1:E - be absent (pl.)
aa ~oyapLó.1:EL aa AoyapLái:ouv etc.
aa ~E Cm; L aU. AELnou'V
Infinitive
F.S. I shall calculate I shall be calculated
F. S. I shall be absent aa ~oyapLáow aa. AoyaPLáoollE aa AoyapLa01:W aa AOyapLa01:0UllE
-t}a ~EC~W aa AEC~OllE P. S. 'Vu. A€e~EL - to be absent aá ~oyapLáoELs aa AOyapLáoE1:E aa Aoyapla01:ECG aa AoyaPLa01:EL-rE
aa. ~E C~E vc aU. ~EC~E1:E aa AoyapLáo€L aa AoyapLáoouv aa AoyapLa01:€L aa AoyaPLa01:0ÓV
aa ~d~E L aa ~EC~OU'V
Pr.P. EAW ~oyapLáoEL - I have 8XW AoyapLa01:EL - I have been
Pr.P. ~xw ~EC~EL - I have been ÉX€Ls ..•. etc. calculated ÉXE ls ... c a Lc u l.a ted
€XELs .•• absent Participle
P. P. ECxa AoyapLáoEL - I had Etxa ~OyaPLa01:E( - I had been
P .P. €Cxa A€C~EL- I had been A€Lno'V1:as - being absent
calculated calculated
absent aa Éxw AoyapLa01:€L - I shall
F.P. aa 8XW ~oyapLáoEL- I shall have
F.P. aa €XW A€C~EL- I shall calculated have been calculated
have been absent
SUBJUNCTIVE
Examples: P. AoyapLó.[;w - that I may be ~oyapLa.i:OlJ.aL- that I maý be ca1-
calculating cu1ated /ed
ITOA~á naLoLa. ~€Lnou'V anó Many children are absent from the P. S. ~oyap~áow - that I may calculate ~oyapLao.Q-that I may be ca1cu1at
1:n'V 1:áEn onw:;pa. class today. Pr.P. É:xw AoyapLáoEL- that I may have É:xw AoyapLa01:EC-that I may have
'E~€L~E llLO. EBoolláoa anó For one week he was absent from calculated been calculated
1:0 OXOA€(O. the school.
Mou ~ECnou'V OÉKa oo~AápLa. I am ten dollars short.(or) I am IMPERATIVE
missing ten dollars. P. AoyápLai:E - be calculating (sing.)AoyaPLái:ou - be calculated (sing.)
Tou É~€L~a'V 1:0. xpnllaTa• He ran out of money. ~oyaPLab€1:E-be calculating (pl.) ~OyaPLabE01:€-be calculated (pl.)
A€LnEL óAn 1:n'V nllÉPa ana He has been away from his house P. S. AoyapLaoE- calculate (sing.) ~OyapLá.01:0U -be ca1culated(sing.)
1:0 On~1:L 1:0U. all day. AoyapLa.01:E- calculate (pI.) ~OyapLa01:EC1:€-be calculated (p L; )
IT01:É O~ ~€LnEL ana 1:n He never misses work.
OOUAELá. INFINITIVE
Tou AECnEL 1:0 lluaAó. He does not have enough brains.
P. S. va AoyapLaoEL- to calculate 'Va AOyaPLa01:EL- to be calculated
PARTICIPLE
-156- AoyapLái:o'V1:as - calculating AOyaOLaollÉ'V-os,-n,-o -calculated
-157- (FaY examples see p.161)
,
AOUSW (1) - to bathe; AUVW (1) - to untie; to loosen; to unfasten; to undo; to solve
AOÓ'Ol-LaL (4) - to bathe myself; to take a bath
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I untie I am being untied, I am untied
I
------ I bathe myself AUVW AUVOl-Lf; A.UVOl-LaL AUvOl-Lao-re;
P. I bathe
1)11 AOUSW A.OUSOl-LE AOUSOl-LaL AOU Uil-Laa-r E AUVE L!;; A'5vETE AUVEOo.L AÓVEaTE
AOUSEL!;; A.OUSE-rE AOUSEaaL AOU!:Ea-rE AUVEL AUVOUV AUVETQL A.UVOVTQL
AOUSEL A.OUSOUV AOUSE-raL AOUSov-raL
P.C. I was untying I was being untied
P. C. I was bathing I was bathing myself ÉAUVa AuVal-LE A.UVÓl-LOUV AUVOl-LCl.an;
tAouSa AouSaUE Aouh:ououv AOUSÓl-Laa-rE fiA.UVE!;; A.UVaTE AuVOaoov A.UVÓaaOTE
É:AOUSS!;; A.OUSa-rE Aouh;oaouv Aouh;oaaa-rE gA.UVE EÂ.UVQV A.uvoi;a.v AuvovTav
SAOUSE tAouh;av A.ouh;o-rav Aouh;ov-rav
P. S. I untied I was untied
P. S. I bathed I bathed myself e::A.uaa AUaa]J.E Auônxa AUÔ1~Xa.1J.E
tAouaa A.OUaal-LE Aoua-rnxa Aoua-rrlx((.l-LE iAUaF.G A.Uaa.-rE AU&nxq:; Au{lnxaTE
£A.OUaE!;; Aouaa-rE A.OUanlXE!;; Aoua-rnxa-!:E E.),_uaE: EAuaQ,\) AU&Tl¥tE A.ó{lnxav
ÉAouaE éAouaav AoOa-rnxE Aoua-rnuav
F. C. I shall .be untying I shall be untied
F.C. I shall be bathing I shall be bathing myself ôc~ A.UVW ôa .\ÓVOUE {lu. A.ÓVOl-La l. &0. A.UVÓl-LaaTE
ôa Aouh;w ôu. AOUSOUE ôa AOu~Ol-LaL ôa Aouh;ól-Laa-rE 00. AUVE L!;; {la IcUVETE {la AUVEao.L oo. AÓVE:aTE
ôa AOU~ELG ôu. Aouh;E-rE Su. Aou~EaaL ôa Aoóh;EO-rE &0. AUVE t, ôo, ),ÓVOUV &0. AÔVETaL ôu. A.U'JOVTa L
ôa Aouh;EL ôa )..ouh;ouv ôa Aouh;E-raL Gu. AouSov-raL
F.S. I shall untie I shall be untied
F. S. I shall bathe I shall bathe myself ôa Auaw {la AÓaOl-LE &a A.u{l(i) &0. )..UDOÓ].LE
ôa Aouaw ôa AouaoUE ôa Aoua-rw aCt A00a-r00UE &0. ADaEL!;; {la A.UaETE aa. AU{lE~!;; Da AU&EeTE
ôa AOUaEL!;; ôo, AouaE-rE 60. Aoua-rE~!;; &0. Aoua-rE ,:-rE &u. ADaEL &a AÔaOU\l {la AuôEL ôa AU{lOUV
ôa AouaEL ôa Aouaouv ôa A.OUCHE L &0. Aoua-rot)v
Pr.P. I have untied I have been untied
Pr.P. Éxw AouaEL- I have bathed Éxw A.Oua-rEC - I have bathed ~xw AuaEL E!X(v AU&E e
myself
P.P. ELXa AouaEL- I had bathed E[Xo. Aoua-rEl- I had bathed myself P.P. ECxa AuaEL - I had untied E(xa A.U&EC - I had been untied
F.P. ôa Éxw AouaEL- I shall &0. Éxw Aoua-rE( - I shall have F.P. ôa ixw AuaEL - I shall have &0. SXw AU&EL - I shall have
have bathed bathed myself untied been untied
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. A.ouh;w -that I may be bathing A.OUSOl-Lo.L- that I may be bathed*
P.S. A.ouaw - that I may bathe Aoua"ŵ - that I may bathe myself* P. ADVW - that I may be untying AUVOl-LaL - that I may be untied
Pr.P. Éxw AouaEL- that I may have 8XW Aoua-rEt - that I may have been P. S. Auaw - that I may untie A.Ua~ - that
I may be untied
bathed bathed* Pr.P. ixw ADaEL - that I may have ixw AU&EL - that I may have been
IMPERATIVE * be bathed (or) bathe myself untied untied
IMPERATIVE
P. A00~E - be bathing (sing.) AOU~OU- be bathing youself P. AUVE - be untying (sing.) AUVOU - be untied (sing.)
AOUSE-rE - be bathing (pl.) A.OU~Ea-rE- be bathing yourselves A.UVETE - be untying (pl.) AUVEaTE- be untied (pl.)
P. s. AouaE - bathe (sing.) Aouaou - bathe yourself P. S. AuaE - untie (sing.) A6aou - be untied (pl.)
A.Ova-rE- bathe (plo) AOUO-rEL-rE- bathe yourselves AU{lEtTE - untie (sing.) AU&ELLE - be untied (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
P. S. va A.OUaEL - to bathe va Aoua-rEC - to be bathed
r. S. va AUOEL - to untie va A.U{lEC - to be untied
PARTICIPLE
A.Ousov-ra!;; - bathing A.OUal-LEV-O!;;,-n,-O- bathed PARTICIPLE
(For examples see p.161) A.UVOVTa.~ - untying AUl-LEV-O!;;,-n,-O - untied
-158-
-159- (For examples see p.161)
,
;"UWVW (l)tr., into - to melt; to liquefy; to dissolve Examples of uses of verbs beginning with A:
Passive Voice not common*
A€Y~
Indicative Subjunctive ME: AEyouv rL~pyO. They call me George.
P. I melt Atyw .nv aA~b~La. I speak the truth.
,~uwvw AUWVO]..LE: P. AUWVW - that I may be TIwr;; 0E: ),,8 y ouv ; What do they call you?
AUd'NE:LG AuWVE:.E: melting T~ AEYE:LG; What do you say? What is your opinion?
AUWVE:L Auwvouv P. S. AUWOW - that I may melt Kaôwr;; AEYouv •... As they say ....
To AEyouv .0. SLSACa. The books speak about it. (I t is wri t ten ..
P.C. I was melting Pr.P. "
c:xw AUWOEL - that I may To E:tna nwr;; ÉLOl- 00. Vi-VEL. I predicted that it will happen this way.
E:'Auwva Auóvo.ue have melted TL AEYE:LG YL'aULO; What is your opinion on this?
ÉAuWV€G Auwva.E: TL AEr;;, ná.]..LE €va nEpLnaLO; What do you think, shall we go for a walk?
ÉAUWVE ~Auwvav TL AEr;;, 00. XLOVCOELi What do you think, will it snow?
Imperative AEEL xaL EEAEEL. He changes his mind.
P. S. I melted TL ÉyLVE AÉE:L; Say, what happened?
It Auwoa Auooa]..L€ P. AU~VE - be melting (sing.) ASYE'taL rLávvnG. He is called John.
lSAUWOE:G Auwoa.E: AÉYE:.aL Ó.L o' au'tG 'to ]..LEpOr;; It is said that in this place there
e:Au<.UOE: ÉAuwoav AUWVE:.E: - be melting (pl.) unápxouv ~av'taO]..LaLa. are ghosts.
Au.~ n LO'toPLa E:LnWÔnXE This story has been told many times.
F. C. I shall be melting noi\.AEr;; ~OPEG.
00. Auwvw ôo. Auwvo]..LE: P.S. AUWOE - melt (sing.)
ôa AUWVE:LG ôa. AUWVE:.E: AoyapLakw
ôo. AUWVE:L ôa AUWVOUV AU~.E: - melt (pl.)
AOyapLá~w .0. 80060. xa! 'ta €- I account for the income and expenses of
F. S. I shall melt Infinitive 1;060. LnG cLaLPE:CaG ]..LOU. my company.
ôa AUWOW ôo. AUWOO]..LE: AoyapLa!:w eLG n]..LSPEs xaL I count the days and I find that in ten
ôa AUWOE:LG ôa AUWaE:.E: ~PLOXW OLL aE BExa ]..LEPcr;; days we are going to leave.
ôa AUWOE:L ôa AU(000liV P.S. va AUWOEL - to melt CPEUYO]..LE:.
/':,t; i\.oyapLa!:ouv LOV naLEPa They do not heed to their father,
Pr.P. {Xw AUWOE:L - I have melted Lour;;.
ÉXE:LG ••• etc. AoyapLá~EL XWPCG 'tOV EEvoBo- He makes plans without any consideration.
Participle XO. I
P.P. E:CXa AUWOE:L- I had melted AoyapLaO'tnXa]..LE. We have squared our account.
AuWvov.ar;; - melting TL i\.oyapLá!:ELr;; va XáVELG, What are you planning to do? I
F.P. ôa EXW AUWo€L - I shall have Ba i\.oyaPLao.oÓ]..LE aUpLo. We will discuss our account tomorrow.
melted
* Common forms are: i\.uWVE:.aL- it is being melted The mother gives the child a bath.
AUW&nXE - it was melted (dissolved)
i\.uw]..LÉvoG -(passive participle) - melted 'EXO]..LE i\.oOaEL ~a ]..Lai\.i\.La ]..LaG. We have washed our hair.
Aouoou. Aoua.E~'tE:. Wash. Take a bath.
Ao00E .u ]..Lai\.i\.Lá oou. Wash your hair.
Act i~_E::__~!~ , Indicative ~~i~E::_ _Y o i _£~, _:Jjl_.<:I_i c a _!:l_'{~ Actiye Voice, Ln c Lc a t Lv e PaSSiVé Voice, Indicative
P. I cook I am being cooked, I am cooked P. I gather I am being gathered,I am gathered
\ , uaYELPEuW uaYELPEUOUE uaYELPEuouaL uaYELPEuouaoTE j.l.ak:Euw j.l.abEUOj.l.E j.l.ak:EUOj.l.aL j.l.abEuÓj.l.a01:E
uaYELPEuELs i.taYELPEóETE uaYELPEUEoaL uaYELPEUEOTE j.l.ak:EUEl.s j.l.a?;;EUE1:E j.l.abEUEOaL j.l.abEUE01:E
uaYELpEuEL uaYELpEuOUV uaYELpEuETaL uaYELPEuovTaL uak:EUEl. j.l.abEUOuv j.l.abEUE1:al. j.l.abEUOV1:aL
P.C. I was cooking I was being cooked P. C. I was gathering I was being gathered
uaYELPEua uaYELPEuaUE uaYE'·PEU6uouv uaYELPEuóuaoTE j.l.ák:Eua j.l.ak:Euaj.l.E j.l.a(EUÓj.l.OUV j.l.a(EUÓj.l.a01:E
uaYELPEuEs uaYELpEuaTE uaYELPEuÓOOUV uaYELPEu60aoTE j.l.ábEUEs j.l.abEUaTE j.l.abEUOOOUV j.l.a(EuoOa01:E
uaYELPEUE uaYELpEuav uaYELPEu6Tav uaYELPEUOVTav j.l.ábEUE j.l.abEuaV j.l.abEU01:aV j.l.a(EuOV1:a\l
1:1
P.S. I cooked I was cooked P. S. I gathered I was gathered
uaYELPEl)Ja uaYELpsl)JaUE uo.v e LPEuTTlxa uaYELPEUTnxaUE j.l.ák:El\!a j.l.abËl\!aj.l.E j.l.a(EU1:11xa j.l.ak:EU1:nXaj.l.E
uaydPEl)JEs uaYELPÉljJaTE uaYELPEuTllXEs uaYELPEuTnxaTE j.l.ái,;El]JEt;; j.l.ak:Él\!aTE j.l.ak:EU1:11xEt;; uak:EU1:nXa1:E
uaydPEl)JE uaYELPEl)Jav uaYELPEUTllXE uayE i.or rnxcv ó j.l.ábEl)JE j.l.ák:El\!av j.l.a(EU1:11XE j.l.a(EU1:11xaV
P,P. ECxa uaYELpsl)JEL- I had cooked ELxa uaYELPEUTE~ - I had been P.P. ECxa j.l.ak:Él]JEL- I had gathered ELxa j.l.a(EU1:EC - I had been
cooked gathered
F. P. 80. Éxw uaYELpÉl)JEL - I shall &0. ÉXW uaYELPtuTE~ - I shall F. P. &0, Éxw j.l.ak:Él]JEL- I shall have &0, éxw j.l.ak:Eu'EC - I shall have
have cooked have been cooked gathered been gathered
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. uaYELPCUW - that I may be -Z;;-oki~guëiYELPEuouaL-that I may be cooked
P. S. uaYELPEl)Jw - that I may cook uaYELPEuTW- that I may be cooked SUBJUNCTIVE
Pr. P. ~xw uaYELPÉl)JEL- that I may have txw uaYELPEuTE(- that I may have P. j.l.a(EUW • that I may be j.l.abEuOj.l.aL - that I may be gathered
cooked been cooked gathering
P. S. j.l.a(Él)Jw - that I may gather j.l.a(EU"~ - that I may be gathered
IMPERATIVE Pr.P. Éxw j.l.a(Él]JEL- that I may have EXW j.l.a6EU1:E~- that I may have been
_------_--- gathered
P. uaYELpEuE - be cooking (Sing.) uaYELPEUOU - be cooked (sing.) gathered
uaYELPEllETE - be cooking(pl.) uaYELPEuEOTE- becooked (pl.) IMPERATIVE
P. S. uaYELpEl)JE - cook (sing.) uaYELPÉl)JOu ._ be cooked (sing.) P. j.l.ábEUE - be gatnering (sing.) j.l.a(EUOU - be gathered (sing.)
uaYELPEl)JTE - cook (plo) UaYELPEUTE'LTE- be cooked (plo) j.l.a(EUE1:E - be gathering j.l.a(EUE01:E - be gathered (pl.)
P. S. j.l.á(El\!E - gather (sing.) j.l.a(sl\!ou - be gathered (sing.)
INFINITIVE iFbÉl\!1:E - gather (pl.) j.l.a(E<PLE.,hE- be g a t he r e d (pl.)
P. S. Va uaYELPÉl)JEL - to cook va uaYELPEuTEL - to be cooked
INFINITIVE
I
PARTICIPLE PoS. ia j.l.abEl\!EL - to gather va j.l.a(EU1:€( - to be gathered
---_ .. _----
I uaYELPEUOVTas - cooking uaYELpEuÉV-Os,-ll,-O - cooked
PARTICIPLE
-162- (For examples see p.l??) j.l.a(EUO\l1:at;; - gathering j.l.a(Ej.l.Év-Ot;;,-ll,-O - gathered
-163- (For examples see p. 1?1)
l ~--~----------------------------------------------------------------------~--------~
_ .. ,
1''11''
I
bla8al vw (1) to learn; to be informed of; to hear; to get accustomed;
- ~EyaAŵvw (1) - to grow up; to get tall; to enlarge
to accustom oneself; to teach; to instruct; to accustom
Indicative Subjunctive
The verb occurs only in the active voice*
P. I grow up
~EyaAŵvw ~EyaAŵvo~E P. va ~e::yaAwvw - that
I may be
Indicative Subjunctive ~EyaAJ)vE~~ ~e::yaAŴvE.e:: growing
P. I learn ~e::yaAwve::~ ~e::yaAwvouv P.S. va ~e::yaAwaw - that I may
lla8atvw lla8at vo llE P. lla8alVW - that I may be learning grow
lla8atvElS' lla8alVETE P.c. I was growing up Pr.P. txw ~e::yaAwae::L - that I may
lla8atvEl lla8atvouv P.S. llá8w - that I may learn ~Eyá.Awva ~EyaAwva~e:: have grown
~e::yá.AWVe::~ ~EyaAwva.e::
P.C. I was learning Pr.P. Éxw llá8El - that I may have learned ~e::yá.AWVe:: ~EyaAwvav Imperative
Ild8mva lla8at va llE
llá8alVES' lla8atVaTE P. S. I grew up P. ~e::yaAwve:: - be growing
llá8alVE llá8alVav Imperative ~Eyá.Awaa ~e::yaAwaa~e:: (sing.)
~e::yd.,Awae::~ ~e::yaAwaa.e:: ~e::yaAwve::.E- be growing (pl.)
~e::yá.Awae:: ~Eyá.Awaav
P.S. I learned P.S. ~e::.yaAwae::- grow (sing.)
É lla8a llá8a llE P. llá8alVE - be learning (sing.)
F.e. I shall be growing up
É lla8ES' llá8aTE ôa ~e::yaAwVw ôci ~e::yaAŵvo~e:: ~e::yaA~a.e:: - grow (pl.)
É lla8E ÉIla8av lla8alVETE - be learning (pl.)
ôa ~e::yaAwve::L~ ôá ~EyaAŵve::.e::
ôa ~e::yaAwvEL ôd ~e::yaAwvouv Infinitive
F.C. I shall be learning P.S. llá8E - learn (sing.)
8a lla8alVW 8a lla8al vou llE F. S. I shall grow up
llá8ETE - learn (pl.) P. S. va ~e::yaAwae::L - to grow.
8a lla8at VElS' 8a lla8alVETE ôa ~e::yaAŵaw ôa ~e::yaAŵao~e::
8a lla8atvEl 8a lla8alVOUV ôa ~e::yaAwae::L~ ôa ~e::yaAŵae::.E
ôa ~EyaAwaE~ ôd ~EyaAŵaouv
F.S. I shall learn Infinitive Participle
8a llá8w 8a llá80u llE Pr.P. Éxw ~e::yaAwae::L - I have grown
8a llá8ElS' 8a llá8ETE P. S . va llá8El - to learn up ~e::yaAWvov.a~ - growing
8a llá8El 8a llá80uv P.P. e::~xa ~e::yaAwae::~- I had grown
up
Pr.P. I have learned Participle F.P. ôa É:xw ~EyaAwae::L - I shall
have grown up
Éxw llá8El
lla8at VOVTaS' - learning
P.P.
Passive Participle -
Examples:
F.P. 8a Éxw llá8El - I shall have learned lla811IlÉv-0S', -11, -o - accustomed
To naL6C: ~e::yá.Awae:: noAu. The child grew very much.
* In the passive voice the verb is used only in the following forms: Me::yaAwoe:: nOAu n OLxOyÉVELá. LOU. His family became very big.
Third person, Past Simple tense: lla8eUTllKe - it was heard, it was circulated
Third person, Present Perfect tense: ÉXEl lla8euTe( - it has become known, it was heard To 6Év.po ~e::yá.Awae::. The tree grew tall.
Third person, Past Perfect tense: e(XE lla8eUTE( - it had become known, it had been heard H ~ouaxa ~e::yá.AWVe:: xaL ~e::yá.Aw The balloon was getting bigger
ve:: wanou Éanaae::. and bigger until it burst.
Examples: OL 6oUAe::LE~ LOU ~e::yáAwaav no His business expanded (grew)
As long as I live, I learn. AU. very much.
'00"0 'w lla8alvw. Me::,yaAwve::L uéoc ue Lr: uéoc • He becomes (it,she) bigger day
'E lla8a 01OAl. I learned how to play the violin. by day.
Má8allE yaAAlKá. We learned French.
He learned to get up early.
I
'E lla8E va O"11KwvETal TTpWl.
Tov ÉIla8E ypállllaTa. He taught him; he was his teacher.
'E lla8a ÓTl EiXE Éva aUToKlv11TlKÓ I heard that he had a car accident.
OUO"TUX11lla.
'E lla8a TO llá811llá uou. I learned my lesson. -165-
'E lla8E va ow0á'El Kal va ypá<j>El. He learned to read and write.
'E lla8ES' Ta vÉa; Have you heard the news?
- 164-
~EAE'~ (2) - to study; to examine }.LËvw - (1) - to remain; to stay; to dwell; to be left
-167-
}.LE1:a.<pÉPW (1) - to carry; to transport; to convey }.LE1:aXE~pCkO}.LaL (4, deponent verb) to use; to m ak e use of
SUBJUNCTIVE Examples:
P. l.LE1:acpÉpw - that I may be l.LELa.CPÉPOl.La.L - that I may
carrying be carried They treat him like a slave.
P. S. l.LE1:a.cpÉpW - that I may carry l.LELa.CPEp{J~ - that I may be carried
Éxw l.LELa.CPÉPEL- that I may have Éxw l.LELacpEP{JE~ - that I may have ~1:0 YPa.CPE~O 1:0U l.LETaXE~pCr:ETa.L He uses many machines in his
Pr.P.
carried been carried nOAAE!;; l.LTjXa.VEs. office.
IMPERATIVE METa.XE~PL~Ol.La.OLE JiaAá LOUs U We treat our employees well.
na.AAnAOU!;; l.La.b.
be carrying (sing.) l.LELa.CPEPOU- be carried (sing.) ~E T~ l.LETa.XELpCr:EOLE a.UTÓ LO For what do you use this car?
P. l.LELá.CPEPE -
l.LE1:a.cpÉPELE - be carrying (pl.) l.LELa.CPÉPE01:E - be carried (pl.) a.uTOJiLVTjTOi
P. S. carry (sing.) l.LELa.CPÉP{JOu - be carried (sing.) METa.XELpCOTTjJia. €va. JiOAnO yLa va I used a ruse to make him come.
l.LELÓ.CPEPE -
l.LELa.CPÉPLE- carry (plo) l.LE1:a.CPEP{JELLE - be carried (pl.) ~~V Jiavw va. ~p{JEL.
INFINITIVE Ao~ó ~o au~oxCvnLO ELVUL ~E~a This is a used car.
Va. l.LELa.CPEP{JEC - to be carried ~ELPLOU~VO.
P. S. Va. l.LELa.CPÉPEL - to carry
PARTICIPLE
UE1:a.CPEPl.LEV-O!;;,-Tj-O - carried
(For examples see p.177)
-163- -169-
~€.€xW (1) - to participate; to have part in; to partake g€.p~ (2) - to measure; to count; to enumerate
sLxa ~€.áaX8L*- I had partic ~€TEXOVTa(; - participat Pr.P. I have counted I have been counted
P. P.
ipated ing É;xw ~€TPna€L É;xw ~€TPT)a€~
F.P. aa. 8XW ~€TáaX8L* I shall have
participated P. P. €{xa ~ETPT)a€~ - I had been count
ed
F. P. aa txw ~ETpna€L- I shall aa É;xw ~€TPT)a€L- I shall have
have counted been counted
PARTICIPLE
~€TPn~€V-O(;,-n,-O - counted
-170- (For examples see p.ll7)
-171-
lJ,LJ.tPo.LVW (l,tr.,int.)- to lessen; to shorten; to decrease mAW (2) - to speak; to talk; to converse; to chat; to make a speech
Indicative Passive Noice, Indicative* Indicative Subjunctive (with va, yw va, óTav, etc.)
Active Voice,
I am being decreased I talk
P. I decrease
lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOlJ,£ lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOlJ,o.L lJ,LJ.tPo.LVÓlJ,o.O'£
I lJ,LJ.tPo.LVW
lJ,LJ.tpo.{.V£Oo.L lJ,LJ.tPo.LV£O'£
P. ~HÂcD I-llÂOU llE P. IllÂcD - that I may be talking
il lJ,LJ.tpo.LV£L~ lJ,LJ.tpo.Lv£n;
lJ,LJ.tpo.{.V£,o.L lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOV,o.L IllÂáS" IllÂáTE
lJ,LJ.tPo.LV£L lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOUV
IllÂá IllÂOUV P.S. IllÂllGW - that I may talk
I was decreasing I was being decreased
P.C. lJ,LJ.tpo.LVÓlJ,OUV lJ,LJ.tPo.LVÓlJ,o.O'E P.C. I was talking Pr.P. Éxw IllÂllGEl - that I may have talked
]J.LJ.tpo.LVo. lJ,LJ.tpo.CVo.}.l.£
lJ,LJ.tPo.LVÓOOUV lJ,LJ.tpo.LVÓOo.O'£ IllÂOU Ga IllÂoUGallE
lJ,LJ.tpo.LV£~ lJ,LJ.tpo.{.Vo.,£
lJ,LJ.tPo.LVÓ.o.V lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOV'o.V IllÂOU GES" IllÂOUGaTE
]J.CJ.tpo.LV£ ]J.LJ.tpo.LVo.V
IllÂOU GE IllÂOUGaV Imperative
P. S. I decreased
}.l.LJ.tPUVo. ]..LLJ.tPÓVa.ll£ * P.S. I talked P. lliÂa - be talking (sing.)
lJ,LJ.tPUV£~ ]..LLJ.tPU.Vo.,£ IllÂllGa IllÂllGallE
]J.LJ.tPUV£ ]..LLJ.tP1.JVo.v lli llGES" IllÂllGaTE IllÂáTE - be talking (pl.)
lli llGE lli llGav
I shall be decreasing I shall be decreased
F. C. &0. lJ,LJ.tPo.LVÓlJ,o.O'£
-50. l1LJ.tpo.LVW -50. ]..LLJ.tpo.l.VOlJ,£ &0. lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOlJ,o.L
F.C. I shall talk P. S. lli llGE - talk (sing.)
-50. ]J.LJ.tpo.CV£L~ -50. llLJ.tpo.{.VE,£ &0. lJ,LJ.tPo.~V£Oo.L &0. lJ,LJ.tpo.l.V£O'£
&0. lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOV,o.L Ba IllÂcD Ba IllÂOU llE
-50. ]..LLJ.tpo.LV£L -50. }.l.LJ.tPO.{.Vouv &0. u L J.tpo. (N £ ,o. L
Ba IllÂáS" Ba IllÂáTE Ill llGTE - talk (pl.)
Ba IllÂá Ba IllÂOUV
I F. s. I shall decrease
&0. ]..LLJ.tPUVW &0. ]..LLJ.tPÓ.VOlJ,£ * Pr.P. Éxw IllÂllGEl - I have talked Infinitive
&0. lJ,LJ.tpÓVEL~ &0. llLJ.tPÓV£'£
&0. lJ,LJ.tPÓV£L &0. lJ,LJ.tpóvouv ÉXElS" IllMGEl . etc.
P.S. va IllÂllGEl - to talk
Pr.P. {Xw ~~XpVVE~- I have decreased * P.P. EiXa IllÂllGEl - I had talked
P. P. E(Xa ~~XPVVE~- I had decreased * F.P. Ba Éxw IllÂl]GEl - I shall have talked Participle IllÂcDvTaS" - talking
Iii ,I F. P. ~a {Xw ~~XOVVE~- I shall have * In the Passive voice the following forms are common:
decreased M IllÂlÉTal - Nobody can talk to him
* These tenses are not common.
MlÂlóllaGTE - We talk to each other (We are in good terms and talk to each other.)
.6.E IllÂLOuvTal - They do not talk to each other
SUBJUNCTIVE ETIi TÉÂ01JS" IltÂLOuval - At last they talk to each other.
lJ,LJ.tpo.{.VW that I may be
- lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOlJ,o.L - that I may be
P. decreased
decreasing Examples: ;
P. S. lJ,LJ.tPUVW - that I may decrease MtÂá TIoÂu. He talks much.
Pr.P. Éxw lJ,LJ.tpUVEL - that I may have MiÂllGE y"a Tllv o-rouucri EVÉpyna. He spoke about the atomic energy
decreased IMPERATIVE Ta IltÂl]GaIlE. We talked our affairs over.
lJ,LJ.tPo.LVOU - be decreased (sing.) MtÂouv ot. yá. They chat in a low voice.
P. lJ,LJ.tPo.~V£ - be decreasing (sing.)
lJ,LJ.tPo.LV£O'£- be decreased (pl.) Mt.Xoiii: naÂtKá. They converse in Italian.
lJ,LJ.tpo.LVE'E- be decreasing (pl.)
MlÂa. MtÂbE. Speak.
lJ,LJ.tPUVE - decrease (sing.)
llLJ.tpUVE'E- decrease (pl.) TIOteS" Ba IllÂllGEl aupLO; Who is going to be the speaker for
tomorrow?
INFINITIV:~
r
Iloroc llaBllTl]s" IltÂá; Which student talks?
P. S. Vo. lJ,LJ.tpUVEL - to decrease I
PARTICIPLE
- 173 -
(For examples see p.lll)
II
I,
-172-
! I
~ ~------------~------------------------------------------------------------------------~~~~~------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~~
I
].!.TIat\)w (-l) ~ to enter
lJ,OLa?;:w (1) _ I resemble', I look alike
Examples:
Examples: Mno.Cvw o~o oneLL. I enter the house.
The boy looks like his father. MTIrlXE OLO nAoeo, oLó á€po He boarded the ship,
To ayóPL jJ.oLá~€L jJ.s TOV TIaLË the plane,
nAá\)o, OLO LpaCvo ••• the train.
pa LOU. /:::,.€V unóp€o€ vd ]..l.n€L OLO na\)EnL
/:::,.€V LOU €lJ,OLaO€. He did not take after him. He was not accepted by the
OLn]..l.LO. university.
AULÓ LO aULoxCvnLO ÉlJ,OLa?:€ lJ,€ This car looked like my car.
MnnXa]..l.E aLa €~OOo. ]..l.€ LU XLe We spent too much money for the
LO OLXÓ jJ.OU. OL]..l.O LOU onLLL00.
MOLá~€L oav ~UPL lJ,0. OSV ECvaL It looks like a fish but it construction of the house.
IIa\)LPdhnx€ xaL ypnyopa ]..l.nrlx€ He got married and his troubles
lI;ápL. is not a fish.
aLa i3áoo.va. soon started.
/:::,.€~ ]..l.nnxa aLa vón]..l.a. (OEV xo.Lá I did not understand.
Ao.[:5a) •
/:::"€1 unQPW va ]..l.nw OLn ox~lI;n LOU. I cannot enter his thought: I
cannot understand him.
-174-
-175-
unopw (3) - to be able; I can The verb has no passive voice. nayEWEvw
T
H II TJTÉpa l1ayElPEUEl. <JTTJV Kou,lva. The mother cooks in the kitchen.
Indicative Subjunctive
Ti 8a l1ayElpÉ4JETE <JrlI1Epa; What are you going to cook today?
P. I can, I am able To <j>aYTJTó ElVat l1ayElPE I1Évo. The meal (food) is cooked.
I1TTOPW II TTOpOU llE P. I1TTOPW - that I may be able Tt l1ayElPEUElS'; What are you cooking?
II TTOpElS' II TTOpEl TE To KpÉaS' «u ré l1ayElpEUETat I1ÓVO ct yá. This meat can be cooked only slowly.
II TTOpEl II TTOpOUV P.S. I1TTOpÉ<JW - that I may be able
IIowS' 8a l1ayElpÉ4JEl; Who is going to cook?
P.C. I could, I was able Pr.P. Éxw I1TTOpÉ<JEl. - that I may have been
I1TTopOV<Ja II TTopOU<Ja llE able
II TTOpOU<JES' II TTopOU<JaTE Má'E4JE Ta ~t~Ata <JOU. Gather your books.
II TTOpOU <JE II TTopOU<Jav Imperative
Ma'Euw Ta TTavtá TTJS' ~ápKaS'. I take in the sails of the boat.
Tov l1á(E4JE «rró TaUS' ÔpÓI10US'. He brought him in from the streets.
P.S. I was able, I could P. . .. (no form)
Má(E4JE TTJ yAW<J<Ja <JOU. Control your tongue.
I1TTópE<Ja I1TTopÉ<JaI1E
P.S. I1TTÓPE<JE - be able (sing.) L:TO TTápKO l1a(EUTTJKE TTOAUS' KÓCYI10S'. Many people gathered at the park.
I1TTÓPE<JES' I1TTopÉ<JaTE
To ~páôu Ta TTatôtá TTpÉTTEl va At night the children should come
I1TTÓPE<JE II nops o cv
I1TTOpÉ<JTE - be able (pl.) l1a(EuoVTat VWplS' CYTa CYTTlHa TaUS'. home early.
Ma(EUOU llE HS' EAtÉS' aTTó r« ôÉVTpa. We gather the olives from the trees.
F.C. I shall be able
8a I1TTOPW 8a IITTOpOU llE Má(E4JE TToná XPrll1aTa. He acquired much money.
8a I1TTOPElTE Infinitive Má(E4JE TToná TTAOUTTJ. He amassed many riches.
8a IITTOpEtS'
8a IInopcf 8a I1TTOPOUV
va I1TTOpÉ<JEl - to be able
F.S. I shall be able
8a I1TTOpÉ<JOUI1E To aUToKtVTJTO I1ETa<j>ÉpEl. TaUS' Em~áTES'. The car transports the passengers.
8a I1TTOpÉ<JW
Participle - I1TTopwVTaS' - being able To VEpÓ I1ETa<j>ÉpETat aTTó TTJV TTTJYrl By means of pipes the water is
8a IITTOpÉ <JElS' 8a I1TTOpÉ<JETE
8a I1TTOpÉ<Jouv
CYTTJV TTÓATJ llE CYWArlVE~ carried from its source to the city.
8a I1TTOpÉ<JEl
METa<j>Ep8rlKaI1E CYTO vÉo CYTTtH. We moved to the new house.
Pr.P. Éxw II TTOpÉ<JEl - I have been able METá<j>EpE Ta TTpáYl1aTá TaU aTTó TO He transferred his personal effects
TTaAtÓ CYTO vÉo CYTTtH. from the old to the new house.
P.P. ElXa I1TTOpÉ<JEl - I had been able
- 177 -
VLXeS (2) -to defeat; to conquer; to beat VLW,sW (1) - to feel
SUBJUNCTIVE
-------------
VLKW
/
-that I may be conquering vLKL~uaL -
that I may be con-
P. Examples:
quered
P.S. vLKnow- that I may conquer vLKn,s~ - that I may be conquered
Éx_w vLKn,sEL - that I may have NLWÔW Xá"tL yLa oEva. I feel something for you(love).
Pr.P.Éx_W vLxnOEL - that I may have 'EvLwoa Éva n6vo o"tnv Kap6La.
been ronquered I felt a pain in my heart.
conquered
I':.E }J.E VLW&E L. He does not understand me.
--H1PERATIVE
---------- NLOOa.}J.E }J.syáicn Mmn ué "tCV ee- We were very much saddened by
P. VLKa - be conquering( sing.)
va"to "tau cpeicou }J.aso our friend's death.
VLMá~£ - be conquering (pl.)
VLK~OOU - be conquered (sing.) TL VLW{JELsi What do you feel?
P. S. v[xnOE - conquer (sing.)
VLXrlOLE- conquer (pl.) vLKn,sE~LE- be conquered (pl.) ,
~LW&"lS nôvoi Do you feel pain?
!
INFINITIVE
p.S. V~ VLKnOEL- to conquer va vLKn,sE( - to be conquered
PARTICIPLE
--------------
VLXWVLaS - conquering VLxnu~v-os,-n,-o - conquered
-178- (For examples see p.184) -17 9-
Vl:pETtOj.J.CH (4, deponent verb) - to feel ashamed, to be bashful
VOj.J.LkW (I)-to think; to believe; to suppose; to deem
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. VOlJ,LbW that I may be VOj.J.LbolJ,al..- that I may be
thinking thought Examples:
P.S. VOj.J.l.OW - that I may think VOlJ,LOl:W- that I may be thought
Pr.P. Éxw VOlJ,LO€I..- that I may have Éxw VOj.J.LOl:E~- that I may have
Nl:páTtnx€ YL' aUl:Ó TtOU €xaV€. He was ashamed for what he had
thought been thought done.
IMPERATIVE Are you not ashamed of yourself?
To naLoL vLuvELaL ana Lli un t éoo.. The child is dressed by the mother. awake
The child dressed himself. Pr.P. I have stayed awake
To naLoC vLói:}nXE. Éxw f;aYPUnvnOEL
A~ou v.uanXa~€ vLóoa~E xa~ After dressing ourselves we
dressed the children. €XELs EaypunvnoEL
La naLOLa.. The children are dressed now. etc.
Ta naLoLa. ECvaL vLu~~va Lwpa. Participle
When are you going to dress?
nOLE aa VLUaELL€i P.P.
I
ELXa ~aypunvnoEL- I had stayed
We have dressed ourselves.
'EXO~E VLUaE C . awake ~aypunvwvLab- staying
F.P. aa Ëxw ~aypunvnoEL- I shall have awake
stayed awake Passi~e Participle
~aYPUnVLOlJ.Év-Os,-n,-o
having stayed awake
Examples:
Yesterday we stayed awake.
-135-
EanAWvw (1) to lie, to go to bed
EavapXL~W (1) -,to begin afresh; to resume EanAW\iOl-laL (4) - to lie
Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
P. I resume P. I lie I lie, I am lying
EavapXL~w EavapXL~Ol-lE P. Ea\iapXL~W - that I may
be resuming
EanAW\iW EanAW\iOl-lE EanAW\iOl-laL EanAWVÓl-la01:E
EavapXL~EL(;; EavapXL~E1:E EanAW\iEL(;; EanAW')E1:E EanAW\iEOaL EanAWVE01:E
EaVapXL~EL r;a\iapXL~OU\i P.S. EavapXLOw - that I may EanAW\iEL
resume EanAWVOU\i EanAWVE1:aL EanAWVO\i1:aL
I was resuming Pr.P. €XW Ea\iapXLOEL- that I
P.C. P. C. I was lying I was lying
EavapXl,~a Ea\iapXLCal-lE may have resumed
EanAW\ia EanAW\ial-lE EanAW\iOl-lOUv EanAWVOl-la01:E
EavápXLh;Es Ea\iapXLCa1:E Eá.nAW\iEG EanAW\ia1:E EanAW\iOOOU\i EanAWVÓOa01:E
EavapXLCE Ea\iapXLCav EanAW\iE EanAW\iaV EanAWVÓ1:a\i EanAW\iOV1:a\i
Imperative
P. S. I resumed P. S. I lay I lay
Ea\iá.pxLoa Ea\iapXLOal-lE P. Ea\iapXL~E- be resuming
(sing.) Eá.nAwoa EanAWOal-lE EanAw&nHa EanAw&nHal-lE
Ea\iapXLOE(;; Ea\iapXLOa1:E Eá.nAwOEG EanAWOa1:E EanAw&nHE(;; EanAw&nHa1:E
Ea\iápXLOE Ea\iápXLOa\i EavapXL~E1:E- be resuming
(p 1. )
f;á.nAwoE EanAwoav EanAw&nHE EanAW&nHa\i
I shall be resuming P. S. resume
F.C. F.C. I shall be lying I shall be lying
&u EavapXL~W aa. EavapxCCOl-lE (sing.)
resume
&0. EanAW\iW aa. EanAwvOl-lE &0. EanAW\iOl-laL aa. EanAWVOl-la01:E
aa. Ea\iapXLCELG &0. Ea\iapxCCE1:E &0. EanAW\iELs aa. EanAW\iE1:E &0. EanAW\iEOaL aa. EanAW\iE01:E
&0. Ea\iapXL~EL &0. EavapxCCouv (plo )
&0. EanAW\iEL &0. EanAWVOU\i &0. EanAW\iE1:aL &a EanAWVO\i1:aL
F. S. I shall resume Infinitive F. S. I shall lie I shall lje
&0. Ea\iapxCow &0. EavapXLOOl-lE &0. EanAwow aa. EanAWOOl-lE &0. EanAw&c:, &6. EanAw&oul-lE
&0. Ea\iapXLOELs aa. Ea\iapXLOE1:E P.S. \ia EavapXLoEL- to &0. EanAwoELG &0. EanAWOE1:E &0. EanAw&E~G &6. EanAw&E(.1:E
aa. Ea\iapXLOEL &0. Ea\iapXLOOUV resume &0. EanAWOEl, &0. EanAWOOU\i &0. EanAw.:JEl. &6. EanAw&oU\i
Pr.P. ÉXW EavapXLOEL- I have resumed Pr.P. F~XW EanAWOEL- I have lain ÉXW EanAW&E~ - I have lain
ÉXELG Ea\iapXLOEL (XELG EanAc.5'oEL ÉXEL(;; EanAw&EL
etc. etc. etc.
Participle
P.P. ELxa EavapXLOEL- I had resumed P. P. ELxa EanAWOEL- I had lain
F.P. &0. txw EavapXLOEL- I shall F. P. &0. ÉXW EanAWOEL- I shall &0. ÉXW EanAw&EL - I shall have
have resumed have lain lain
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. EanAW\iW - that I may be lying EanAWVOl-laL - that I may be lying
P. S. ~anAwow- that I may lie EanAw&uJ- th!lt I may lie
Examples: Pr.P. t:Xw EanAwoEL- that I may have txw EanAw&EC- that I may have
The airplanes resumed their lain lain
Ta a.EPonAá.va Ea.vá.pxLOa\i 1:LG IMPERATIVE
flights.
n1:nOELG 1:0UG. The restaurant which had burnt P. Eá.nAW\iE - be lying (sing.) EanAWVOU - be lying (sing.)
To E01:La1:ÓPl,O nou HánHE opened for business again. EanAWVE1:E - be lying (pl.) EanAWVE1:E- be lying (pl.)
Ea\iá.PXLOE va. 60UAEUEL. We resume the building of the P. S. IEanA(UOE - lie (sing.) EanAWOOU - lie (sing.)
eO. Ea\ia.PxLOOl-lE va H1:CCOl-lE house now that the winter has !EanAŴ01:E- lie (pl.) EanAw&dl:E - lie (pl.)
1:0 OnL1:L 1:wpa nou nÉpaOE o INFINITIVE
passed.
XELl-lWvaG. P. S. Iva EanAwoEL - to lie \ia EanAw&EC - to lie
PARTICIPLE
SUBJUNCTIVE Examples:
P. Ea.<pv~d,i:w - that I may be startling Ea.<pv~d,i:OlJ,a.~- that I may be
startled TO TPa.~VO EEHCVnaE aT~G O The train started at eight in the
P.S. Ga.<pv~d,aw - that I may startle Ea.<pv~a.a.w- that I may be " HTW TO npw[. morning.
Pr.P. Éxw Ea.<pv~d,aE~ - that I may have Ëxw Ea.<pv~a.a'E~- that I may have Kâ1:]E ]...I.Épa. EEH~VOU]...l.E y~a. Tn Everyday we set out for our work
startled been startled oOUAE~â ]...I.a.G no AU npw[. very early in the morning.
IMPERATIVE 'OTa.V <PTaaa.]...I.E aTO UEPOOPÓ When we arrived at the airport the
P. Ed,<PV~a.~E - be startling (sing.) Ea.<pv~á.i:ou - be startled (sing.) ]...I.~O TO a.EPOTIAá.vo ELXE non plane had already left.
Ea.<PV~d,i:E'E - be startling (pl.) Ea.<pv~âi:Ea'E-be startled (pl.) EEH~vtlaE~.
P.S. Ed,<pv~a.aE - startle (sing.) Ea.<pv~âaou - be startled (sing.) ITO a.uTOH[VnTO OEV EEH~vd. The car does not start.
Ea.<pv~á.a'E - startle (pl.) Ea.<pv~a.a'EL'E -be startled (pl.)
1
INFINITIVE
P. S. va. Ea.<pv~d,aE~ - to startle vu, Ea.<pv~a.a'E~ - to be startled
PARTICIPLE
-139-
Ea.<PV~a.O]...I.Ev-OG,-n,-o - startled
-188- (For examples see p.202)
EEKOUpd[w (1, tr.) - to rest EETIEpVW (2) - to surpass; to outrun; to leave behind; to
3EKOuP&:solLa~ (4, int.) - to rest unthread
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I surpass I am being surpassed
P• I rest I rest EETIEPvcb EETIEPVOÓlLE EETIEpVL€lLaL GETIEPVLOlLaOl:E
EEKOUPa.[olLE EEKOUpd[olLaL EEHoupa[ÓlLaOl:E EETIEPvÓ.G EETIEPvál:E EETIEPVL€OaL EtTIEPVL€Ol:E
EEKOUpci[w
EEKOUpd[El:E EEKOupd[EoaL EEHOUpd[EOl:E GETIEPV6. EETIEP'JOUV EETIEPVL€l:aL EETIEPVL00Vl:aL
EEKoupa[ELG
EEKoupa[EL EEKoupa[ouv EEKoupa[El:aL EEKoupa[OVl:aL
P.C. I was surpassing I was being surpassed
P.C. I was resting I was resting GETIEPVODOa. EETIEPVOUOalLE EETIEPVLOlLOU\) EETIEPVLO]..l.a.Ol:E
EEHoupa[a EEKoupa[alLE EEKoupa[OlLOUV EEKoupa[OlLaOl:E EETIEPVOUOEG EETIEPVOUOal:E GETIEPVLOOOUV EETIEPVLOOaOl:E
EEKoupd[al:E EEKoupa[ooouv EEKoupa[OOaOl:E EETIEPVOÓOE EETIEPVOUOav EETIEPVLOl:av GETIEPVLOVl:aV
EEHoupa[EG
EEKoupa[E EEKoupa[av EEKoupa[Ól:av EEKoupa[OVl:av
P. S. I surpassed I was surpassed
P. S. I rested I rested EETIEPaOa EETIEPaOa]..l.E EETi:EpaOl:nKa E ETIEPaonlKa]..l.E
EEKoupaoa EEKoupá.oalLE EEKOUpaOl:nHa E EHoupaon1KalLE EETIEpaoEG EETIEPá.oal:E EETIEpaOl:nHEG GETIEpaOl:llKal:E
EEHoUpaOEG EEKOUpaOal:E EEHOUpaOl:nKEG EEHOupaOrT)Hal:E EETI€paOE EETIÉ:paoav EETIEPá.Ol:nKE EETIEpaOl:nHaV
EEHoupaoE EEKoupaoav EEHOUpaOl:nKE EEKOUpaOl:nKaV
F. C. I shall be surpassing I shall be surpassed
F.C. I shall be resting I shall be resting 60. GETIEPVW 60. EETIEPVOUlLE 60. EETIEpVL€lLaL 60. EETIEPVLOlLaOl:E
60. EEKoupa[w 60. EEHoupa[olLE 6a. EEKOUpá.[OlLaL60. EEKoupa[ólLaOl:E 60. EETIEPVÓ.G 60. EETIEpvcil:E 60. EETIEPVL€OaL 60. EETIEPVLÉ:Ol:E
60. EEHoupa[ELG 60. EEKOUpá.[El:E 60. EEKoupa[EOaL 60. EEKoupa[EOl:E 60. EETIEPVÓ. 60. EETIEPVOUV 6a. EETIEPVLEl:aL 60. EETIEPVLOUVl:aL
6a. EEKOUpá.[EL 60. EEKoupa[ouv 60. EEKoupa[El:aL 60. EEHoupa[OVl:aL
F. S. 1 shall surpass I shall be surpassed
F. S. I shall rest I shall rest 60. GETIEpaOW 00. EETIEPáoOlLE 6a. EETIEpaOl:W 60. GETIEPaOl:OUlLE
6a. EEHoupaow 60. EEHoupaoolLE 6a. EEHoupaoTw 6a. EEKOUpaOl:OUlLE 60. GETIEpaoELG 6a. EETIEpaOEl:E 60. GETIEPaOl:ELG 60. GETIEPaOl:ECl:E
6a. EEKOUpá.OELG 6u. EEKOUpaOEl:E 60. EEKOUpaOl:ELG 6a. EEHOUpaOl:ECl:E 60. GETIEPaOEL 60. GETIEPá.OOUV 6a. EETIEpaOl:E~ 6a. GETIEpaOl:ODV
6a. EEHoupaoEL 6a. EEHoupaoouv 6a. EEKOUpa.Ol:E~ 60. EEKOUpaOl:ouv
Pr.P. 8XW EETIEpaOEL- I have sur- txw GETIEpa.Ol:EC - I have been
Pr.P. Éxw GEKoupaOEL- I have rested Éxw EEKOUpaOl:EL- I have rested passed surpassed
P.P. ELxa GETIEpaOEL- I had sur ELxa EETIEPaOl:EC- I had been
P.P. ECxa EEKoupaOEL I had rested ELxa EEKOUpaOl:EL - I had rested passed surpassed
F.P. 60. Ëxw GETIEpaOEL - I shall 6a. Éxw GETIEPa.Ol:E~ - I shall have
F.P. 60. ~xw EEHoupaOEL I shall 60. ~xw EEKOUpaOl:EL - I shall have have surpassed been surpassed
have rested rested
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE P. EETIEPVW - that I may be sur- EETIEPVLElLa.L- that I may be sur-
P. EEKoupa[W -that I may be restingEEKOUpa[OlLaL- that I may be passing passed /passed
resti.ng P. S. GETIEpaOW - that I may surpass GETIEpaOl:W- that I may be sur
P. S. ~EKoupaow- that I may rest EEHOUpaOl:w - that I may rest Pr.P. Éxw EETIEpá.OEL - that I may have Éxw EETIEpaOl:EC - that I may
Pr.P. sxw EEHoupaOEL - that I may ~xw EEKOUpaOl:E~ - that I may surpassed have been surpassed
have rested have rested IMPERATIVE
IMPERATIVE P. EETIÉ:PVa. - be surpassing (sing.)
P. EEKoupa[E - be resting (sing.) EEKoupa[ou- be resting (sing.) EETIEPvál:E- be surpassing (pl.)
EEKOupa[El:E - be resting (pl.) EEKoupa[EOl:E - be resting (pl.) P. S. EETIÉpaoE - surpass (sing.) EETIEPá.oou- be surpassed (sing.)
P. S. EEHoupaoE - rest (sing.) EEHoupaoou - rest (sing.) GETIEPaOl:E - surpass (pl.) EETIEpaOl:ELl:E-be surpassed (pl.)
EEKouPá.Ol:E - rest (pl.) EEHOUpaOl:ECl:E - rest (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
va. EEKOUpaOl:EC- to rest P. S.
P. S. va GETIEPá.OEL - to surpass va EETIEpaOl:EL - to be surpassed
PARTICIPLE
EEHoupaOlLÉv-oG,-n,-o - rested PARTICIPLE
EEKoupá.[oVl:aG - resting GETIEPVŴVl:a.G - surpassing EETIEPaOlL€V-oG,-n,-O - surpassed
(For examples see p.202)
(For examples see p. 202)
-190- -191-
...
\
~€OKErrd~w (1)- to uncover; to bare; to unmask
g~pw (1) - to know
_EEoHErr~k2E~L (4) - to uncover oneself; to be unmasked
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I know
Aet i~~ V o i~~ , Indicative
-_------ P a ~_s_~ '!_~_y o i c.<::' ~:!_i_c:_~! i v~
P. E~pw - that I may be P. I uncover I uncover myself, I am uncovered
gË:pw Etpo~€
knowing E€OK€ná~w gEOKEná~ol-lE EEoKEná~ouo.L EEOKEno.~Ól-lo.oLE
gË:P€~G E~P€n
g~pouv P. S. EË:pw - that I may know GEOKEná~ELG gEOK€ná~ELE GEoKEná~€Oo.L GEoKEná~EoLE
Hp€~
GEOKEná~EL GEOKEná~ouv gEoKEná~€Lo.L gEOK€ná~oVLo.L
P. C. J was knowing
P. C. I was uncovering I was being uncovered
ng€po. gË:po.U€
GEOKÉno.~o. gEOK€ná~o.l-lE GEoKEno.~óuouv GEoKEno.~Ól-lo.oLE
nE€P€G ~~po.L€
EEoKÉno.~€G GEOK€ná~o.LE GEoKEno.~óoouv GEoKEno.~ÓOo.oLE
nE€P€ n~€po.v EEOKÉno.~E GEOKE:no.~o.v gEoKEno.~ÓLo.v GEOK€nd~oVLo.V
Imperative
P. S. ~ knew be knowing (sing.) P. S. I uncovered I w a s uncovered
lig€Po. EË:po.U€ P.
GEoKÉno.Oo. GEOKEnáoo.l-lE ~EóKEnáoLnKo. EEOKEno.OLnKo.uE
tlg€P€G gtpo.n
E€OKÉno.oEG gEoKEnáoo.LE GEoKEnáoLnK€G GEoKEno.oLnKo.LE
r;g€P€ nE€po.v
gEoKÉno.oE GEOKE:no.Oo.v gEoKEnáoLnK€ g€OKEnáoLnKo.V
F. C. I shall be knowing F.C. I shall be uncovering
&0. gtpOU€ P. S. EÉP€ - know (sing.) I shall be uncovered
&0. ~Épw
&0. ~€OKEnd~w &0. g€OKEná~ol-lE &0. GEoKEná~ol-lo.L
&0. gtPUG &0. g~P€L€
&0. GEOK€ná~ELG 30. f;EoKEná~ELE &0. G€OKEná~€Oo.L
&0. E~p€~ -sa Etpouv
&0. f;EoKEna~E~ &0. f;€OKEnd~ouv etc.
F. S. I shall know
F. S. I shall uncover I shall be uncovered
&0. g~pw &0. EË:pou€
&0. GEoKEnáow &0. G€OKEnáool-lE &0. GEoKEno.oLw &0. GEoKEno.oLOUl-l€
au gtp€~G &0. EË:p€c€
&0. GEoKEnáoELG 30. GEOKEnáoELE &0. GEoKEno.oLELG &0. G€OKEno.oLE(L€
&0. ~tp€~ &0. gË:pouv Infinitive
&0. GEoKEnáoEL 30. GEOK€náoouv &0. GEoKEno.oLEL &0. GEoKEno.oLoÓv
(The future tenses P. S. va GË:PE~ - to know Pr.P. SXW ~EoKEnáoEL - I have uncovered Éxw G€OK€no.oLEL - I have been
are not common) ÉX€LG ... etc. ÉXELG ... etc. uncovered
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. G€OKEná~w- that I may be u~~over-=~aK€nd~ol-lo.L - that I may be
Examples: ring uncovered
P. S. GEoKEnáow- that I may uncover f;EOKEno.OL~-that I may be uncovered
To\.' Etpw. I know hi:m. Pr.P. Éxw ~EQKEnáoEL- that I may have Éxw GEOK€no.OLEL-that I may have
~€V nE€p€ cO ~~&n~a LOU. He did not know his lesson. uncovered been uncovered
g~pw Vo. oBnyciJ. I know how to drive.
M~Xp~ o.Up~O &0. g~pO~€ o.V By tomorrow we will know if he is IMPERATIVE
&0. Ép&€ i. , coming. P. G€OKtno.~E - be uncovering (~i~g~TsoKEná~ou- be uncovered (sing.)
g~P€L€ CL ~~V€C€j Do you know what you are doing? EEoKEná~ELE- be uncovering (pl.) GEOKEná~€OLE - be uncovered (pl.)
g~P€C€ cOV ~Óp~O lwo.VVLBn; Do you know Mr. Ioannides? P. S. GEoKÉn0.0E - uncover (sing.) GEOK€náoou,- be uncovered (sing.)
G€OKEnáoL€ - uncover (pl.) LEOK€no.oL€LL€ - be uncovered (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va G€OKEnáo€~- to uncover va GEOK€no.oCEL_ to be uncovered
PARTICIPLE
uncovering EEOK€no.oUÉv-oG,-n,-o -uncovered
-192- -193- (For examples see p.202)
.
\.
~spE6yw (~) - to escape
~EOKC~W (1) - to tear
Indicative Subjunctive
Active Voice, Indicative Pas s :i:~~__Y o i _C:~ , Ind i c ~ i v e
P. I escape
I am being torn, I am torn
P. I tear ~ECPEUYW ~ECPEUYOl_LE P. ~ECPEUYW - that I may be
£;EOKCr:Ol_LE ~EOKC~Ol_LaL ~EOKL~6l_LaOTE
~EOKLr:W ~ECPEUYEL!;; ~ECPEUYELE escaping
bEOK C r:El;E ~EOKLr:EoaL ~EOKLhEOTE
~EOKCr:EL\:: ~ECPEUYEL ~ECPEUYOUV P. S. - that I may escape
£;EOKCr:OUV ~EOKL~ETaL ~EOKC~ovTaL
£;EOK L r:EL
P.C. I was escaping Pr.P. €xW EECPUYEL - that I may
I was being torn
P. c. I was tearing
f;EOKLr:6l_LaOTE ~ËCPEuya ~ECPE6yal-LE have escaped
~EOKLr:a ~EOKL~al_LE EEOKLr:6l_LoUV
~EOKLCóoaOTE ~ECPEUYE!;; ~EcpEuyaLE
~ÉOKLr:E\:: ~EoKCr:aTE ~EOKL?:ÓOOUV
~EoCr:ovTav EÉCPEUYE EËcpEuyav
bÉOKL~E ~t':OK L r:av ~EOKLr:ÓTav
Imperative
P. S. I escaped
I was torn
P. s. I tore
~EOKLOTnKal_LE EÉCfluya ~Ecpuyal-LE P. ~ËCPEUYE be escaping
~ÉOKLoa ~EOKCOal_LE ~EOKLOTnKa
f,EOKLOTnKaTE EËCPUYE!;; EEcpuyaLE (sing.)
~ÉOKLOE\:: \;EOKLoaTE ~EOKLOTnKE\::
f;EOKLOTnKav EËCPUYE ~Ëcpuyav ~ECPEUYELE - be escaping
bÉOKLOE !;t':OKLoav ~EOKCOTnKE
(p 1.)
F. C. I shall be escaping
I shall be tearing I shall be torn
F. C. 50. ~EcpEUYW 50. ~ECPEUYOl_LE P.S. EÉCPUYE - escape (sing.)
&0. bEOKLr:Ol_LE &0. EEOKL~Ol_LaL &0. f;EOKL~6l_LaOTE
&0. tEOKLr:W ôa EECPEÓYEL!;; 50. ~ECPEUYETE
&0. EEoKCr:ETE &u. ~SoKL~EoaL 50. ~EOKCr:EOTE
&u. [;EOKCr:EL\:: ôa ~ECPEUYEL 50. ~ECPEUYOUV ~ECPUYELE-escape (pl.)
&0. bEOKLr:OUV 50. ~EoKL~ETaL &0. f,EoKLr:ovTaL
&0. [;EOKLr:EL
F.S. I shall escape
I shall tear I shall be torn
F. S. ôa ~ECPUYW 5a ~ECPUYOl-LE Infinitive
&0. GEOKLOOl_LE 50. EEOKLOT~ &0. ~EOKLOTOÓl_LE
&0. £;EOKLOW 50. ~ECPUYEL!;; 5u. ~ECPUYETE
&0. EEOKLOETE &0. ~EOKLOTE(\:: 50. GEOKLOTELTE
&0. ~EOKLOSL\:: ôa ~ECPUYEL &0. ~ECPUYOUV P.S. va ~ECPUYEL - to escape
&0. t;EOKLOOUV &0. ~EOKLOTE( 50. ~EOKLOTODV
&0. ~EOKCOEL
I have been Pr. P. txw ~ECPUYEL - I have escaped
Pr.P. ÉXW ~EOKLOEL I have torn ÉXW EEOKLOTEC
torn 8XEL!;; ~ECPUYEL
ÉXEL\:: ... etc. ÉXEL\:: ... etc.
etc.
ELxa EEoKLOTEL -
I had been Participle
P.P. ELxa EtOKLOEL - I have torn P.P. E~xa EECPUYEL - I had escaped
torn
&0. SXw GEOKLOTEL- I shall have ~ECPEuyovLa!;; - escaping
F.P. ôa Éxw EEOKLOEL - I shall F .P. ôa txw ~ECPUYEL- I shall have
have torn been torn
escaped
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. EEOKLr:W -
that I may be------IEOKL~Ol_LaL - that I may be
tearing torn
~EOKLOTL0 - that I may be torn Examples:
P. S. GEOKLOW - that I may tear
ÉXW EEOXCOEL - that I may have ÉXW !;EOKLOTEL- that I may have
Pr.P. 'Eva áYPLO r:WO ~ÉCPUYE anó LOV A wild beast escaped from the
torn been torn
hWOAOYLKO Krlno. zoo.
Mou ~ÉCPUYE KaL E~na KáLL nou It escaped me (without realizing
IMPERATIVE
6EV énpEnE va nw. it) I said something I should not
P. GÉOKLhE - be tearing (sing.-)------gEOKLr:OU - be torn (sing.)
have said.
f;EOKCr:ETE- be tearing (pl.) ~EOKLhEOTE- be torn (pl.)
~EOKLOE - tear (sing.) ~EOKCOOU - be torn (pl.)
o Ol-LLAnTn!;; ~ÉCPUYE anó LO The speaker strayed from his
P. S. ôÉl_La LOU. subject.
1;EOKCOTE - tear (sing.) \;EOKLOTELn: - be torn (pl.)
EEcpuyal_LE ACyo anó Ln pOULLva For a little while we got away
Ln!;; hwri!;;. from the routine of life.
INFINITIVE
ITpoonâ5noE va ~ECPUYEL. He tried to escape.
va f;SOKLOTEL - to be torn He tries to avoid the responsibi
P. S. va ~EOKLOEL - to tear ITpoona0EL va ~ECPUYEL LL!;; EU
ÔUVE!;; LOU oav naLÉpa!;;. lities of being a father.
PARTICIPLE
~-----~EOKLOl_LÉv-O!;;,-n,-O - torn
~EOKLr:ovTa!;; - tearing
(For examples see p.203) -195-
- 194-
\
GEXV~ (2) - to forget ~EXWpCCW (1) - to distinguish; ~o separate; to discriminate;
to pick out; to dissociate
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
I forget I-~m bei~g~~rgott;~~-- Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
P.
GEXVll) GEXVOU1J,E GEXvLÉ1J,aL ~ExvLÓ1J,aOTE P. I distinguish I am being separated
GEXVa.(; GExvciTE GEXvLÉoaL GEXVLEOTE GEXWPCCW GEXWpCC01J,E GEXwptC01J,aL EEXWPLC01J,aOTE
GEXVU. GEXVOUV GEXvLETaL ~EXvLoJvTaL GEXWPLCEL(; GEXWPCCETE GEXWPCCEoaL GEXWPC!:EOTE
EEXWPCCEL GEXWPC!:ouv GEXwPC!:ETaL GEXWPC!:ovTaL
I was forgetting I was being forgotten
P. C.
GEXVouoa GEXVouOa1J,E GEXVL01J,OUV GEXvLÓ1J,aOTE P. C. I was distinguishing I was being separated
GEXVOUOE(; GEXvouoaTE GEXVLÓOOUV GEXvLooaoTE GExwpL!:a GExwPL!:a1J,E GEXWPL!:01J,OUV GEXwPL!:01J,aOTE
GEXVOUOE GEXvouoav GEXvLoTav GEXvLoVTav GEXWPLCE(; GEXWPL!:aTE GEXWPLCOOOUV GEXwPLCooaOTE
GEXWPLCE GExwpL!:av GEXwPL!:óTav GEXWpCCOVTav
P. S. I forgot I was forgotten
GExaOa1J,E GExáoTnxa GExaOTnxa1J,E P. S. I distinguished I was separated
GExaoa
GEXaOE(; GExaoaTE GExaoTnXE(; ~EXaoTnxaTE GEXWPLOa GEXWpCOa1J,E GEXWpCOTnxa GEXWPLOTnXa1J,E
GExaOE GEXaoav GExaOTnXE GEXaOTnxav GEXWPLOE(; GExwpCOaTE GEXWpCOTnXE(; ~EXWPLOTnxaTE
GEXWPLOE GEXWPLOav GEXWpCOTnxE GEXWPCOTnxav
F.C. I shall be forgetting I I shall be forgotten
&0. GExvd> &0. GEXVOU1J,E &0. ~EXVLE1J,aL&0. EEXvLÓ1J,aOTE P. C. I shall be distinguishing I shall be separated
&0. GEXVá.(; &0. GExvaljE &0. EEXVLEoaL &0. EEXVLE~TE &0. GEXWPCCW &0. GEXWPC!:01J,E &0. GEXWPC!:01J,aL &0. GEXwPL!:01J,aOTE
&a. GEXVd. &0. GEXVOUV ba GEXvLETaL &0. EEXvLouvTaL &0. GEXWPC!:EL(;&0. GEXWPCCETE &0. GEXwPCCEoaL &0. GEXWPC!:EOTE
&0. GEXWpC!:EL &0. GEXWPL!:OUV &0. GEXwpC!:ETaL &0. GEXWpC!:OVTaL
F.S. I shall forget I shall be forgotten
&0. GExaow &0. GExaOO1J,E &0. EExaoT~ &0. GExaOTOU1J,E F.S. I shall distinguish I shall be separated
&0. GExaOEL(; aa GEXaOETE aa. ~ExaOTEL(; &0. ~ExaOTdTE &0. GEXWPCOW &0. GEXWPLOO1J,E &0. tEXWPLOTW ba GEXWPLOrOU1J,E
&0. GExaOEL &0. GExaoouv &0. GExaOTEL &0. GExaOTOUV &0. GEXWPCOEL(; &0. EEXWPCOETE &0. GEXWPLOTE~(; Ôá GEXWPLOTE~TE
&0. GEXWPCOEL &0. GEXWPCOOuv &0. GEXWPLOTEL ba. GEXWPLOTOUV
Pr.P. EXW GExaOEL- I have ~XW ~ExaOTE~ - I have been
forgotten I forgotten
I Pr.P. ÉXW GEXWPLOEL- I have dis .:XW GEXWPLOTE~- I have been
P.P. E~xa GExáoEL- I had for- ELxa GExaoTEL - I had been tinguished , separated
I
gotten forgotten P.P. Elxa GEXWPCOEL - I had dis- ELxa GEXWPLOTEL - I had been
F.P. &0. ÉXW GExáoEL - I shall &0. EXW ~ExaOTEL - I shall have tinguished f separated
have forgotten been forgotten F.P. &0. txw ~EXWPLOEL- I shall have &0. ÉXW GEXWPLOTEL - I shall
distinguished have been separated
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. ~EXV~ - that I may be for- GEXVLE1J,aL- that I may be for- SUBJUNCTIVE
getting gotten P. GEXWPC!:W - that I may be dis- GEXwpC!:01J,aL - that I may be
P. S. ~Exaow- that I may forget tExaOT~ - that I may be forgotten tinguishing separated led
Pr.P. ~Xw GEXáoEL - that I may have Ëxw GExaOTEC - that I may have P. S. EEXWPCOW - that I may distinguishGEXWPLOTŴ -that I may be separat-
forgotten been forgotten Pr.P. 8XW GEXWPCOEL- that I may have €XW GEXWPLOTEL- that I may have
IMPERATIVE distinguished been separated
P. GÉxva - be forgetting (sing.) IMPERATIVE
GExváTE - be forgetting (pl.) P. l;EXWPL!:E -be distinguishing (sin>; .)EEXWPC!:ou- be separated (sing.)
P. S. GExaaE - forget (sing.) GExaoou - be forgotten (sing.) GEXWpC!:ETE -be distinguishing(pl.GEXWPCCEOTE - be separated (pl.)
GExáoTE- forget (pl.) GExaOTELTE - be forgotten (pl.) P. S. GEXWPLOE -distinguish (sing.) GEXWPCOou - be separated (sing.)
GEXWPCOTE- distinguish (pl.) GEXWPLOTE~TE - be separated (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va GExaOEL- to forget va GExaOTEL - to be forgotten INFINITIV~
va GEXWPCOEL - to distinguish va ~EXWPLOTEL - to be separated
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
GExaQ1J.EV-Os,-n,-o - forgotten
(For examples see p. 203) GEXWPLQ1J.EV-O(;,-n,-O - separated
-196- (For examples see p. 203)
-19 "1-
(impersonal verb) - it dawns Eo6EÓW and Eo6Ld~w*(1) - to spend
Eo6Euo~aL and Eo6Lá~o~aL** (3) - to spend, to go into the expense
P.
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
P.C. it was dawning P. I spend ~end~I-g; into-th~~pense
Eo6EÓW Eo6EÓO~E Eo6Ld~o~aL EooLa~6~aoLE
P. S. En~ÉPWOE - it dawned Eo6EÓELs Eo6EÓELE Eo6Lá~EoaL Eo6Ld~EOLE
Eo6E{lEL EOOEÓOUV Eo6Ld~ELaL Eo6Ld~ovLaL
F.C. ôa En~EPWVEL - it will be dawning
P. C. I was spending I was spending
F. S. ôa En~EPWOEL - it will dawn E66Eua Eo6Eóa~E Eo6La~6~ouv Eo6La~6~aoTE
Eó6EUEs Eo6EóaTE Eo6La~6oouv Eo6La~6oaoLE
Pr.P. tXEL En~EPWOEL - it has dawned E66EuE E66Euav Eo6La~óTav Eo6Ld~ovTav
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. EOOEuW-that I may be spending Eo6Ld~ouaL- that I may be spending
P.S. Eo6é':l)Jw -that I may spend ~o6LaoTŵ -that I may spend
Pr.P. Éxw Eo6Él)JEL -that I may have ~xw ~06LaOTE(-that I may have spent
spent IMPERATIVE
P. Eó6EUE -be spending (sing.) Eo6Ld~ou -be spending (sing.)
Eo6EUETE- be spending (pl.) Eo6Ld~EOLE- be spending (pl.)
P.S. E66El)JE -spend (sing.) Eo6Ldoou - spend (sing.)
Eo6é':l)JLE - spend (pl.) Eo6LaoTELTE- spend (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va Eo6€:l)JEL - to spend va E06LaOLEé - to spend
PARTICIPLE
.
to wake up; to awake
~UpLkW (1) - to shave
~unvw (2) -
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Indicative
---------- P. I shave I am shaved, I shave myself
P. I wake EUPL?;:W EUPL?;:OllE EUPL?;:Olla~ ~up~?;:611aoLE
EunVOU\lE P. ~unvw that I may be
-
~unvuJ waking ~upC?;:€~s EUPC?;:€LE EUPC?;:Eoa~ EUPL?;:EOLE
r;unvcis !;unvciLE EupC?;:€~
P. S. ~unvnow - that I may EupC?;:ouv f;uPC!:ELa~ f;Up[.?;:ovLa~
~unvci Eunvouv
wake
Pr.P. Éxw t;UnVnoEc - that I may P. C. I was shaving I was shaving myself
P. C. I was waking f;up~?;:a Eup[.?;:allE
~uf(VOUOa\lE have woken ~uP~i:Ó\louv f;uPc?;:6\laOL€
t;unvoOoa Eup~?;:€(;; EUPL?;:aL€ f;up~?;:óoouv f;upC?;:óoaoLE
t;unvoUOEs !;unvouoaLE
EUP~?;:E f;up~f:av f;upC?;:ÓLav f;UPL?;:ovLav
~unvouOE ~unv000av
P. S. I shaved I shaved myself
P. S. I woke EupLOa Eup[.oallE
r;unVnOa\lE P. ~unva - be waking (sing.) f;uP[.ol:llxa f;uPcOLnXall€
r;unvlloa EUPLOEs f;UpCOaL€ f;UPCOLllX€(;; f;UpCoLnxaLE
Eunv1l0Es [;unvnOaLE Eup~o€ Eup~oav
Eunvlloav ~unváLE- be waking (pl.) ~uP[.OLllXE f;Up[.oLllxaV
~UnV1l0E
P. S. ~unv1l0E- wake (sing.) F.C. I shall be shaving I shall be shaving myself
F. C. I shall be waking 00. ~upC?;:w 00. EUP[.?;:O\lE
50. t;unvO\J\lE 00. f;uP[.?;:o\lac 50. f;upc?;:6\laOL€
50. [;unvw t;Uf(VnOLE - wake (pl.) 00. ~UPL?;:€~(;; 00. EUP[.?;:€LE 00. EupC?;:€oac 50. f;UP[.?;:€OLE
50. [";unvas 50. ~UTIVChE 00. f;upC?;:€~ 00. ~up[.?;:ouv
50. f;uTIVOUV 00. f;up[.?;:ELaC 50. f;Up[.?;:ovLaC
50. f;unvá
F. S. I shall shave I shall shave myself
F. S. I shall wake 50. EUPLOW 50. r;Up[OOllE 00. f;UPCOLŴ 00. f;up ~OLO\)\lE
50. ~unvnow 50. EunVnOO\lE
P.S. va EunVnOEc - to wake 50. t;upCO€~G 00. EUP[.OEL€ 00. f;UPCOLECG 50. f;UP~OLELL€
50. EunvnOEcs &0. EunvnOE r e 50. f;UpCOEl 00. Eup[.oouv 50. f;UPLOL€L 50. f;UP~OLOGV
50. ~unvrloE e 50. Eunvnoouv
PARTICIPLE
f;Up[.?;:OVLa(;; - shaving --------f;Up~O\lEV-Obl-1l-0- shaved
-2UU- (For examples see p. 2(3)
- 2 U 1-
EUTIVW (2) - to wake up; to awake EUPLSW (1) - to shave
,
Wake up! h P. S.
SuTtva! I wo k e up W ith a headac e.
EUPLOE - shave (sing.) EUPLOOU - be shaved (sing.)
~UTtvnoa jJ.S TtOVOHÉ~aAo. The children have woken up. EUPLOLE - shave (pl.) EUPLOLELTE - be shaved (pl.)
Ta TtaL6La. sxouv EuTtVnOEL• I
INFINITIVE
P. S. ,
v~ EUPLOSL- to shave va EUPLO"tEL to be shaved
f
PARTICIPLE
EUPLkOVLa\: - shaving EUPLOjJ.€V-OG,-n-O- shaved
-20/)- (For examples see p. 203)
- 2fJ 1-
Examples f
of uses over b s beginning
_ with 3:
SUBJUNCTIVE d SUBJUNCTIVE
P.
OPyLb.W-;that I may be making l)PYLbo~aL - that I may be getting
P. ovo~abW - that I may be naming ovo~â(;;o~aL-that I may be nam~ angry
ovojJ.aow - that I may ovo~ao1:w- that I may be name P. S.
angry
P. S. name OPYLOW- that I may make angry
Pr.P. Éxw OVO~áOEL- that I may have ~~Xw ovo~ao"t€( -that I mayd have Pr.P. EXW OPY{.OEL - that I may have
OPYLOcW-that I may get angry
named been name ÉXW OPYLOcE~- that I may have
made angry
IMPERATIVE . ) gotten angry
. ) OVO~âbOU - be named (slng. IMPERATIVE
P. ovo~a(;;€ - be namin~ (s~ni') OVO~âb€Oc€ _ be named (pl.) P. ÓPYLbE-be making angry (sin~ÓPYLbOU - be getting angry (sing.)
OVO~áb€c€ - be na~lng p. ovo~áoou- be named (sing.) OPYLbE"tE-be making angry(pl.) OPYL~£ocE- be getting angry (pl.)
P. S. ovojJ.ao€ - name Cs Lng . ) ovoj..LaOc€L"tE _ be named Cp L, ) P. S.
6PYLO£ - make angry (sing.) OPYLOOU - get angry (Sing.)
OVO~á01;€ - name Cp L, )
O~YLO""{;£ - make angry (pl.) OPYL01:E~cE - get angry (pl.)
INFINITIVE ! INFINITIVE
va OVO~âOEL - to name va ovo~ao""{;€L- to be named. 9
P. S. V~ OPYLOEL - to make angry
; va OPYLOcE{ - to get angry
PARTIC~LE _ _ named PARTICIPLE
------ ovo~aO~Ev-Os,-n, O 210)
(For examples see p. oPyCbOV1:a!; - making angry OPYLOj..LEV-O!;,-n,-o _ getting angry
-2U6- (For examples see P. 210)
-207-
OPl-Lu) (2) - to rush; to dart
to appoint; to limit; to bound;
OpC~W (1) - to define; to fix;
to fix the bounds Indicative
P. I rush
Passive Voice, Indicative OPl-LW OPl-L00l-L€
Active Voice, Indicative P. OPl-L~ - that I may be
I am being defined oPWls OPl-LáT€
P. I define opL~Ol-LaL opL~Ól-LaOL£ rushing
OpC~Ol-L£ oPl-Lci OPl-L00v P. S.
opC~w OpL~£oaL OPL~£OL£ OPl-L~ow - that I may
OpC~£Ls OPL~5L£ rush
OPL'OUV
OPLb:£-WL OpL~ovLaL P. c. I wa~ rushing Pr.P.
OPL~£L Éxw OPl-L~O€L- that I may
OPl-LOuoa OPl-LOUoal-L€
I was being defined OPl-Louoq;; have rushed
I was defining oPl-LoUOaT€
P.C. OPL~ÔlJ.OUV opL~Ôl-LaOL£ OPl-LOUO€
ÓPL6a OPLbal-L£ OPl-L000av
OPL~ÓOOUV oPL~óoaoL£
ÓPLb£~ OPL6aL£ Imperative
opL~ôLav OpC~ovLav P. s. I rushed
ÓP L be: ÔP I, ~av
óPl-Lnoa OPl-L~oal-L€ P.
I was defined ÓPl-La - be rushing (sing.)
ÓPl-Lno€,;; OPl-LnOaT€
P. S. I defined OPLOLT)Xal-L£
opLoal-L£ OPLOLnxa ÓPl-LnO€ óPl-Lnoav OPl-LáT€
ÓPLoa
opLoLnX£S OPLO"CrlXaL£ - b e rushing Cp L. )
ÓPLO£~ OPLOa1:€
opLoav opLoLnX£ OpLoLnxav F. c. I shall be rushing
6PLO£ \:}a oPW..) &a OPl-LOUl-L€ P. S. ÓPl-Lno€ - rush (sing.)
I shall be defined &a OPl-Lá.,;; &a OPl-LciT€
F. c. I shall be defining &a OPL~ol-LaL &a OpL~Ól-La01:£
&a opt~Ol-L£ &a OPl-Lá. &a OPl-Louv
&a OPCbW &a opL~£oaL aa OPL~£01:£ OPl-L~OT€- rush (pl.)
&a OPC~£L!; &a opC~£1:£
&a opCl:ouv &a OpL~£1:aL &a OpL~OV1:aL F. S. I shall rush
&a OPLbEL \:}a OPl-LnOW &a OPl-LnOOU€
I shall define
I shall be defined , &C!. OPW10€ L S &a OPUnO€T€
F. S. &a OPl.OLW &a OPLOLOUl-L€ &a OPl-L~O€L
&a OPLOW &a OpLOOlJ.£ I &0. oPUnoouv
&a OPl.o1:£L!; &0. OPl.OL£L1:£ P. S. va OPl-L~O€L- to rush
&a OPLO£L!; &a OPLO£1:£
&0. OPLOLOUV
opCoouv &a OPL01:£~ Pr.P. I have rushed
&0. oPLo£L &a
, I
Éxw ÓPl-L~O€L
, £Xw Opl.01:£~ - I have been ÉX€LS OPU~O€L
Pr.P. t::XW OpCO£l. - I have defined
defined etc.
OPL05L- I had defined £Lxa OPL01:£~ - I had been
P.P. £LXa J
, defined P. P. €Lxa OPl-LnO€L - I had rushed OPuŴVTa,;; - rushing
I shall have &0. Éxw OPL01:£l. - I shall have
F.P. &0. txw OPLO£L-
d e f ined
been defined F.P. &a Éxw OPUnO€L- I shall have
rushed
SUBJUNCTIVE Example,s :
oPL~W -that I may be defining OPL~Ol-Lal. - that I may be defined
P.
OPl.01:~ - that I may be defined Ol. ih'lXOL óounoo.v £vá.v"CLa o ro; The wolves rushed on the sheep.
P.S. OPLOW - that I may define npó!3a1:a.
ÉXw OPl.OLE~- that I may have
Pr.P. txw OPLO£l.- that I may have been defined OL 01:paLLWL£!; ópunoav xa"Ca The soldiers ru!hed upon the fort
defined LOU ~POupeOU l-La ce:v l-Lnóp£oav
IMPERATIVE but were unable to conquer it,
opC~OU - be defined (sing.) va LO XUPl.EUOOUV.
P. ÓPL~£ - be defining (sing.) TpOl-LOxpaTnl-LEVOL óPl-Lnoav OTL!; Terrified they rushed towards the
OpC~£01:£ - be defined (pl.)
OPL~£1:5- be defining (pl.) nÓPT£!; YLa Va. ~uYOUV. doors in order to get out.
opCOOU,- be defined (sing.)
P.S. ÓPLOE - define (sing.) I
OPLO"C£l."C£ - be defined (pl.) I
OPL01:£ - define (pl.)
!
INFINITIVE I
va Opl.01:El. - to be defined
P.S. va OPLO£L - to define
PARTICIPLE
OPl.OlJ.~V-O~, -n,-o - defined
opLbOV1:a!; - defining -20G- (For examples see p. 210)
-209-
Tta.yWVW (1)- t o f reeze (int.); to chill, to freeze (trans.)
I drive my car.
OOllYŴ TO aUTOKlVllTÓ uou. Indicative Subjunctive
Where does this road (street)lead?
Dou oor1')'El aUTóS' °opóIlOS';
He was driven to his downfall by
P. I freeze
OOlly~8llKE ~TllV KaTa~Tpo~~ anó Tta.ywvw Tta.yWVOj1.E P. Tta.ywVW -
his drinking. that I may be
TO nOAU mOTÓ. Tta.yWVE q;; Tta.yWVE'tE
In old times, a youth named Faethon, freezing
L:Ta naAtet XPÓVta, Éva VEapÓ nato{, ° wanted to drive the chariot of the sun.
Tta.yWVEL Tta.yWVOUV P.S. Tta.ywCJw - that I may freeze
1>aÉ8wv, ~8EAE va OOlly~~Et TO etPlla
P. e. I was freezing Pr.P, ~Xw Tta.yWCJEL - that I may
TOU llAlOU.
Oo~ya m yet. OOllyetTE m yet.
Drive slowly. Ttáywva. Tta.yWVa.j1.E have frozen
TtaywVEb Tta.yWVa.'tE
TtáYWVE Ttáywva.v
ovou etCW - OVOllet'Oum. P. S. I froze Imperative
What are you called? TtaywCJa. Tta.yWCJa.j.J.E
DŵS' ovoll#;wat; mi y WCJ q;; Tta.yWCJa.'tE
I am called Pericles Ioannides. P. TtaYWVE - be freezing (sing.)
Ovollet(Ollat DEptKA ~S' I wavv{ollS'· TtáYWCJE TtaywCJa.v
What name did you give to the new-born?
Tt ovollet~aTE TO vEoyÉVVllTO;
We named him Theodore. Tta.yWVE'tE-be freezing (pl.)
To ovollet~allE eEÓOWpo. F.e. I shall be freezing
AUTÓS' O opóllOS' ÉXEt oVOlla~TEl
This street has been named aa. Tta.ywvw aa. Tta.yWVOj1.E
Avenue of America. P.S. TtáYWCJE -freeze (sing.)
AEw~ópoS' AIlEPtK~S'. aa. Tta.yWVELb aa. Tta.yWVE'tE
I give names to the different furniture aa. Tta.yWVEL aa. Tta.yWVOUV
Ovollet(W Ta otet~opa Ém nAa TllS' ~etAaS': Tta.Y~CJ'tE - freeze (pl.)
of the living room: chairs, sofa, table, chairs.
KapÉKAES', KavanÉS', TpanÉ(t, AetllnES'.
F. S. I shall freeze
aa. Tta.ywCJw aa. Tta.yWCJOj1.E Infinitive
aa. Tta.yWCJELb &a Tta.yWCJE'tE
opylCw - opyUoiJat &u Tta.yWCJEL aa. Tta.ywCJouv P.S. Va. Tta.yWCJEL - to freeze
Do not get me angry.
Mn llE opy{(EtS'. Pr.P. I have frozen
Opy{~TllKa Kat OEV ~~Epa Tt ÉKava.
I was angry (I became angry) and did
Éxw Tta.yWCJEL
not know what I was doing.
tXELb Tta.yWCJEL
O etv8pwnoS' ~alvETat nOAu oPywIlÉvoS'. The man looks very angry. etc.
The players became angry with the Participle
Ot nalKTES' ElXav OpyWTEl EvavTlov
TOU OtatTllT~.
referee. P. P. E~Xa. Tta.yWCJ~L-
Co I h ad frozen Tta.yWVOV'ta.b - freezing
F.P. & I o
U EXW Tta.yWCJEL- I shall have Passive Participle
frozen
What does this law define?
Tt Opl(Et o Vóll0S';
ea ~aS' opto ouue rt npÉnEt va KetVETE. We shall tell you what you must do.
H llllEpollllvla rns olKllS' oPl~TllKE anó The date of the trial has been
TOV otKa~T~.
set by the judge. Examples:
O Ka8llYllT11S' ÓpWE Tt lla8~ llaTa npÉnEt
The professor pointed out what lessons we
va ota~et~OU llE yta TtS' E~ETet~EtS'.
should study for the examination. IIa.yOOa.j1.E. We froze.
Welcome! TO VEPÓ TtáywaE. The water froze.
KaAŵS' ÓpWES' (KaAw~ópWES')!
Welcome! To ~EPÓ E~Va.L Tta.YWj1.ÉVO. The water is frozen.
KaAŵS' opl~aTE (KaAw~opl~aTE)!
IIa.ywaa.j.J.E 'tnv TtOp'toxa.Aa6a. We chilled the orange juice.
To CJTtL'tL TtáywaE. . • The house is frozen (very cold).
qa.yWVOj1.E TtOAAa 'tpÓ~Lj.J.a. We freeze many foods in the refrige
q'tÓ lj,JUYELO. rator.
qáywaa.v a.TtÓ 'to xpuo. They froze from the cold.
I0 SOPLab TtáywaE 'tn A Lj1.Vn The north wind froze the lake.
IIáywaE a.TtÓ 'tov ~óSo 'tau. • He froze because of his fear.
- 210-
-211-
na~OEUW (1)- to educate; to instruct
naôaLVW (1)- to suffer; to sustain; tQ endu;re
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. naLOEU(J) - that I may be naLOEUOl-laL- that I may be edu
Examples: , educating cated
P. S. naLoE4JW that I may educate naLOEUl:~- that I may te educated
T~ 8naÔEGi What happened to you? Pr.P. EXW naLoÉ4JE~ - that I may have tX(J) naLOEUl:EL - that I may have
ná.aal-lE l-lEyÓ.AO xax6. Something very bad happened to us. educated been educated
TL ná.ôa"tE OL xai.h.LEVOL! What happened to you, you IMPERATIVE
unfortunate ones. P. naLOEUE - be educating (sing.) naLOEUOU - be educated (sing.)
TL 8XEL na.aEL i What has happened to him? naLoEUE"te:- be educating (pl.) naLoEuEoTE- be educated (pl.)
'Enaaav noAAá. ~á.oava Ol:OV nó- They suffered many hardships during P.S. naCoE4JE - educate (sing.) naLoE4JOU- be educated (sing.)
AEl-lO. the war. naLOE4Jl:E-educate (sing.) naLoEU"tE~Te:- be educated (pl.)
E~xav naaEL ~ul-lal:C(J)On. They had suffered from tubercu- I
losis. I
! INFINITIVE
'EnaaE xapOLaxn npOO~OAn. He had a heart attack.
They suffered much damage. P. S. naLOE4JEL - to educate va naLOEUTE~ - to be educated
'Enaaav nOAAEG ~nl-lLEG.
Tnv 8naaE oav naLoC. He was duped like a child.
PARTICIPLE
naLoEul-lÉV-Ob' -n,-o - educated
-212- -213- (For examples see p. 270)
naLPVw (1) - to take
na{(w (1) - I play TTa{(OiJ.m *
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative Subjunctive P. I take I am being taken
I play natpvw naLPVOUS naCpvouaL na~PvôuaOTE
P. va TTa{(w - that I may be playing naLpw;q;; naLpVETE naepVEoa~ naCpVEoTE
P. TTat(w TTa{(ov iJ.E
naLpVE:~ naLPVouv naepVETa~ naLPVOVTaL
TT at (ELC:; TTa{(ETE
TTat(EL TTa{(ovv P.S. va TTal~w - that I may play
P.C. I was taking I was being taken
ÉnaLpva naLPVaj.LE na~pvôj.LOUV
P.C. I was playing Pr.P. va Éxw TTa{~EL - that I may have played naLPVÔj.LaOTE
8na~PVE:!;;; naCpvaTE naLpvôooUv na L cvóoao-r E:
ÉTTaL(a TTa{(aiJ.E 8na~PVE sna~pvav naLPvôTav naepVOVTaV
ÉTTm(EC:; TTat(aTE
ÉTTm(E ÉTTaL(av Imperative P. S. I / took I was taken
nrypa m'jpaj.LE nap&nxa nap&nXaj.LE
P.s. I played P. TTa{(E - be playing (sing.) nT)PE:~ mjpaLE nap&nxE~ nap&nxaTÉ
ÉTTaL~a TTa{~aiJ.E TIriPE rmoc,v nap&nxE náp&nJiav
ÉTTm~EC:; TTat~aTE TTa{(ETE - be playing (pl.)
ÉTTaL~E ÉTTaL~av F.C. I shall be taking I shall be taken
&a naLpvUl &a naepVOj.LE &a naCpvoua~ &a naLPvôuaoTE
F.C. I shall be playing P.s. TTa{~E - play (sing.) &a naLPVEL~ &a naLPVETE &a naepVSOaL &a naepVEOTE
ea TTa{(w ea TTa{(ov iJ.E &a naLpVEL &a naLpvouv &a naepVETa~ &a naepVOVTa~
ea TTa{(ELS' ea TTa{(ETE TTa{~ETE - play (pl.)
ea TTa{(EL ea TTa{(ovv F. S. I shall take I shall be taken
&a na.pw &a na.pOj.LE &a nap&cb/ &a nap&O\.(j.LS
Infinitive &a~ nápE ~ e &a nápETE &a nap&E~~ &a nap&ELTE
P.s. I shall play
&a náPEL &a na.pouv
ea TTa{~w ea TTa{~ov iJ.E &a nap&sC &a nap&oóv
ea TTa{~ELC:; ea TTa{~ETE va TTal~EL - to play
Pr.P. Éxw nâpEL- I have taken
ea TTa{~EL ea TTa{~ETE Éxw nap&E:~ - I have been taken
P.P. E~xa na.PEL - I had taken sCxa nap&EL- I had been taken
Pr.P. I have played Participle
Éxw TTa{~EL etc. F .P. &a ÉXUl na.PEL- I shall &a tXUl nap&EL - 'I shall have
TTa{(oVTac:; - playing have taken been taken
P.P. E{Xa TTa{~EL - I had played
SUBJUNCTIVE
napayyÉ:A.vw - that I may be order- napayyËA.Vo]..LaL- that I may be Examp],es:
P.
ing ordered led
napaYYELA.W - that I may order napaYYEA.&w - that I may be order ITapaBËXO]..LaL -co A.á.&os ]..Lou. I admit my mistake.
P. S.
Éxw napaYYELA.EL - that I may have éxw napaYYEA.&E~ - that I may have ~EV napaBËX-cnli.E Ó-CL nnPE -Cd He did not admit that he had
Pr.P. A.ECD-Cá..
ordered been ordered taken the money.
IMPERATIVE ITapaBExÓ]..LaO-CE O-CL EXE-CE BLli.aLO. We agree (accept) that you are
napá.YYEA.A.E -be ordering (sing.) napayyÉ:A.A.OU- be ordered (sing.) right.
P.
napayyEA.A.E-CE- be ordering (pl.) napayyÉA.A.EO-CE- be ordered (pl.)
P. S. napá.YYELA.E - order (sing.) napayyÉ:A.&ou - be ordered (sing.)
napaYYELA.a-CE- order (pl.) napaYYEA.&EL-CE- be ordered (pl.)
INFINITIVE
va napaYYEtA.EL - to order va napaYYEA.&EL- to be ordered
P. S.
PARTICIPLE
napo.yy É:A.A.ov-caG - or der i ng napaYYEA.]..LEV-OS,-n,-o - ordered
(For examples see p.271) -219-
-218-
napaxaAu) (3) - to beg; to entreat; to ask; to pray; to request napaxOAOU&uS (3) - to follow; to accompany; to pursue; to attand;
to watch; to observe
Subjunctive See axoAou&~ - p. 9
Indicative For uses of the verb see p. 272
P. I beg, I ask
napaXaA0J napaxaA01.$jJ.E P. napaxaAW - that I may
napaxaAE£"'['E be begging napagÉvw (1) - to stay near; to remain; to last; to stay
napaXaAEl.~
napaxaAEL napaxaAoÓv P.S. napaxaA£Ow - that I may
beg Indicative Subjunctive
Pr.P. EXW napaxaA£oE~ - that I P. I stay near
P. e. I was begging
have begged napajJ.Évw napajJ.£VOJ..l.E P. napajJ.Évw - that I may
napaxaA000a napaxaAouoajJ.E
napaxaAouoa"'['E napajJ.ÉvE~s rtcocuéve r e be staying near
napaxaAo15oEs napajJ.£vE~
napaxaA060av napajJ.£vouv P.S. napajJ.ELvw -that I may
napaxaAoGoE
Imperative stay near
P. e. I was staying near Pr.P. txw napajJ.ELvE~ - that I
P. S. I begged napá.jJ.Eva napajJ.£vajJ.E
napaxaAEoajJ.E P. napaxaAE~ - be begging may have stayed
napaxá.AEoa napajJ.EVEs napajJ.Éva"'['E
napaxaA£oa"'['E (sing.) near
napaxá.AEoEs napaJ..l.EVE napajJ.Evav
napaxá.AEoE napaxá.AEoav napaxaAE("'['E - be begging
(p 1.) Imperative
P.S I stayed near
F. e. I shall be begging napá.jJ.E~va napajJ.ELvajJ.E P. napá.jJ.EVE - be staying
&a napaxaA~ -- &a napaxaAoójJ.E P.S. napaxaAEOE - beg (sing.)
I! &a napaxaAE~s &a napaxaAEL"'['E
napá.jJ.E~VEs
napajJ.ELVE
napajJ.ELva"'['E near (sing.)
napá.jJ.E~vav napajJ.ÉVE"'['E- be staying
Ba napaxaAEL &a napaxaAoóv
I near (pl.)
I
F.e. I shall be staying near P.S. napajJ.ELvE - stay near
F. S. I shall beg (]a napajJ.Évw &a napajJ.EvojJ.E
&a. napaxaAÉow &a napaxaA£oojJ.E Infinitive (sing.)
(]a napaJ..l.EVE~s &a napajJ.£VE",[,E napajJ.ELva"'['E -stay near
fu napaxaAÉoE~s OO napaxaA£oE"'['E
Ba napaxaA£oouv Ba napajJ.£VEL fu napajJ.Evouv (p 1.)
&a napaxaAÉoE~ P.S. va napaxaAÉoE~ - to beg
F. S. I shall stay near Infinitive
Pr.P. I have begged Ba napajJ.ELvw &a napajJ.ELVOjJ.E
Éxw napaxaAÉoEL &a napajJ.ELvE~s &a napajJ.E{.vE"'['E P.S. va napajJ.ELvEL- to stay
tXELs napaxaAEoEL near
Participle &a napajJ.ELvEL &a napajJ.ELvouV
etc.
napaxaAwv"'['as - begging Pr.P. €XW napajJ.E{.vEL - I have stayed
P. P. ELxa napaxaA£OEL- I had begged
I near
P.P. E~xa napajJ.ELvEL - I had stayed Participle
F.P. &a Éxw napaxaAÉOEL- I shall have
begged near
F. P. &a txw napajJ.E{.VEL- I shall have napajJ.Évov"'['as - staying
stayed near near
Examples: EX9.Juplef' :
Mou O{.VETE Éva no"'['npL VEPÓ, Will you, please, give me a
glass of water? ea napajJ.ELvEL EO~ £va jJ.nva He will stay bere yet another
napaxaAcb i cocóun , month.
IIapaxaA~ 't ov &EO vc, Há.VE L I pray to God that he may cure
my brother.
IIapá.J..I.E L VE O't'T]V EAAaoa évo, He stayed in Greece for one
xaAa 'to\) aOEAcpó jJ.OU. xpóvo. year.
OL apxa~OL 'EAAnVEs napaxa- The ancient Greeks beseeched
,IIapajJ.EVEL jJ.E "'['OUs yov~ous He stays (rema~ns, lives) with
Aouoav 'tOUs &EODs va O"'['EL- their gods to send rain.
s rou . his parents.
AOUV [3poX~. !Movo jJ.EPLXOL XLOVEs napajJ.E- Only a few columns remain from the
IIapaxaAEoa "'['OV na"'['£pa jJ.OU va I asked my father to send me
some money. i vouv crtó 't'ov vao. TOU AnÓAAW- Temple of Apollo in Delphi.
jJ.ou O"'['ELAEL ALya XP~jJ.a"'['a. Iva OLoUb ÂEACPOUb'
Tov napaxaAEoa va jJ.E OEX"'['EC I asked (requested) him to
0"'['0 ypacpECo "'['OU. receive me in his office.
He fell to his feet begging. -221-
'EnEoE o"'['a nóoLa "'['OU napa-
xaAwv"'['as.
-22U-
n~paTI1P~ (3) - to look at; to behold; to remark; to make a
remark; to observe
napEXW (1) - to furnish; to provide; to supply; to give
to grant; to procure
~£ij v e Vo i _S:~ , Indicative Pa_~ s i v ~'y_2_:!:.£..§_ , 1..n d:!:_s:.~_~i v~
I am being observed Active Voice, Indicative Passive_~.Qice, Indicative
P. I observeI P. I grant
I
napaTI1POUuaL
I
napaTI1POUuaOTE
• I am being granted
napaTI1Pw/ napaTI1PoYUE
napaTI1PE(oaL napaTI1PELOTE napEXW napEXOUE napÉxouaL napExóuaOTE
napaTI1PELs napaTI1PELTE
napaTI1PELTaL
L
napaTnpouvTaL
( napÉXELs napÉXETE napÉXEoaL napÉXEOTE
napaTI1PEl napaTI1PoDv
napÉXEL napEXOUV napÉXETaL napÉXOVTaL
P. C. I was observing I was being observed
P. C.
napaTI1Po00a napaTI1POUOaUE napa TI1POUUOUV napa TI1POU~LaOT E
& P.S. I was, granting I was being granted
napaTI1POUOEs napaTI1POUOaTE napaTI1POUOOUV napaTI1POUOaOTE
napaTI1PODOaV napaTI1POUVTav napaTI1POUVTav napf:Lxa napE LxaUE napEXÓUoUV napExóuaoTE
napaTI1POUOE
napErXEs naPE~xaTE napEXÓooUV napExóoaoTE
I was observed napELXE napE Lxav napEXÓTav napÉxovTav
P. S. I observed
napaTnpI10a napaTl1pnOaUE napaTI1pn311Xa napaTI1PI13nxaUE
napaTI1pn311XEs napaTI1PI13nxaTE F.C. I shall be granting I shall be granted
napaTnpI10Es napaTl1pnOaTE
napaTnpI10aV napaTI1pn311XE napaTl1pn3T]xav 30. napÉxw 3~ napEXOjJ.E 30. napExoU~L 30. napExójJ.aoTE
napaTnpI10E
30. napEXELs 3~ n~pEXETE 30. napÉXEoaL 30. napÉXEoTE
I shall be observed 3u. napEXEL 30. naPEXouv 3a napÉXETaL 30. napExovTaL
F.C. I shall be observing
30. napaTI1PW &0. napaTI1po0UE 30. napaTI1POÓuaL 30. napaTllPouuaOTE
I
3u. napaTI1PELoaL 3d napaTllPELOTE F. S. I shall grant I shall be granted
&0. napaTI1PE(s 30. napaTI1PELTE
3a napaTI1PEL &0. napaTI1PoDv
/
30. napaTI1PELTaL 30. napaTI1POUVTaL &0. napáoxU)* &~ napáOXOjJ.E &0. nap~OXE&W* Gá. nap~oXE&o0jJ.E
aU. napáOXELs &0. n~páOXETE &~ napaOXE&ELs Gá. n~p~OXE&E~TE
I shall be observed &0. 11apáoXEL &0. napaoxouv &~ ~apaOXE&E~ &á napaOXEUOUV
F. S. I shall observe
&0. napaTl1pnOW aU. napaTl1pnOOUE 3u. napaTI1Pl13tS 30. napa.TI1PI1&oDUE
Pr.P. I have granted
&0. napaTl1pnOELs &0. napaTl1pnOETE &0. napaTI1PI1&w 30. napaTllPI1&ELTE
30. napaTI1Pl13EL 30. napaTI1PI1&oUv Éxw napa.oXEL* SXW napaOXE&E~* - I have been
30. napaTl1pnOEL &0. napaTl1pnOOUV
granted
) P.P. E~xa napáOXE~~ I had granted Eéxa napaOXE&EL*- I had been
Pr.P. EXW napaTl1pnOEL - I have observ- Éxw napaTI1Pl13EL - I have been
)
ed EXELs napaTI1PI1&E( observed granted
EXELs napaTllPnoEL F.P. &0. Éxw napáOXELx I shall have
etc. &a ~xw napaOXE&E~*- I shall
etc. granted have been granted
P.P. ێxa napaTl1pnOEL- I had observed ELxa napaTI1PI13EL - I had been
/ observed
F. P. &0. ixw napaTl1pnOEL - I shall have 30. EXW napaTI1PI1&E{- I shall have
observed been observed * The root in these tenses is taken from the classical verb.
-223-
PARTICIPLE
---------._"
napaTI1PWVTas - observing napaTl1pI1U€V-Os,-I1,-O - observed
(For examples see p. 272)
-222-
napouo~abw (1) - to present; to produce; to show ná<JXw (1) to suffer; to be sick; to be ill The verb has no passive voice.
napouo~ó'bo]J.a~ (4) - to present oneself; to appear
Indicative Subjunctive
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I suffer
P. I present I appear ná<JXw P. va ná<JXw - that I may be suffering
ná<JxollE
napouoL-ó,t:w napOUO~abO~€ napouo~ó'bo]J.a~ napouo~ab6]J.ao"t€ ná<JXElS' ná<JXETE
napOUO~ab€~!;; napOUO~ab€"tE napouo~ó'b€Oa~ napouo~ó'b€O"tE P. S. va násw - that I may suffer
ná<JXEl ná<Jxouv
napOUO~ab€~ napouo~abouv napOUO~ab€"ta~ napouo~ó'bov"ta~
PARTICIPLE
no.pouo~ó'bov"ta!;; - presenting - 225 -
(For examples see p. 272)
-224-
nauw (1) - to cease; to stop; to cause to cease; to discharge;
na.w (2,3)~to tread; to step on; to trample on; to set foot on to dismiss;
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Active VoLc e , Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
P. I step on I am being stepped on P. I cease I am dismissed
nanG ; , na'LE~aL na'Lo~ao.s nauw nauo~s nauo~aL nauo~ao.s
m;n-~b , - ~ q;; na'LÉoaL na'LEo.s nausLb naus.s nausoaL nauso.s
na.-a,-sL na'LE.aL na'Louv.aL nausL nauouv naus.aL nauov.aL
P.C. I was stepping on I was being stepped on P.C. I was ceasing I was being dismissed
I
na.ouoa~s na'Lo~ouV na'Lo~ao.s I
na.ouoa t:::naua naua~s nauó~ouv nauó~ao.s
na.oqosb na.ouoa.s na.LoOOU\) no.. Looao.s Énausb naua.s nauooouv nauóoao.s
na.ouos na.ouoav na.Ló.av na'Lov.av I
snaus
/
snauav nauó.av nauov.av
P. S. I stepped on I was stepped on P.S. I/' ceased I was dismissed
na.noa na.T\oa~s na.T\&nJia na'n&T\Jia~s snal(;a nal(;a~s nau'nJia nau.nJia~s
na.nOS!;;; na.noa.s na.n&nJis!;;; na.n&nJia.s t
snal(;s!;;; ná.l(;a.s na1hnJis!;;; naunlJia.s
na.nos ná..noav na.n&nJis na.T\&nJiav €nal(;s Énal(;av nUUnlJiS nau.nJiav
F.C. I shall be stepping on I shall be stepped on F.C. I shall be ceasing I shall be dismissed
aU. na.w aa. na.ou~s &0. na'LE~aL &0. na'Lo~ao.s &0. nauw &0. nauo~s aa. nauo~aL aa. nauó~a.o.s
aa. na..d!;;;
J
&0. na.chs &0. na'LEoaL &0. na'LÉo.s &0. naUSL!;;; &0. naus.s &0. nausoaL &0. nauso.s
&0. na.a &0. na..ouv &0. na'LÉ.aL &0. na'Louv.aL &0. nausL &0. nauouv &0. naUs.a.L &0. naUov.aL
F. s. I shall step on I shall be stepped on F.S. I shall cease I shall be dismissed
aa. na.T\ow &0. na.T\oo~s &0. na.n&~ aa. na..n&ou~s &0. nal(;w &0. ná.l(;o~s &0. naunS &0. nau.ot)~s
aa. na.T\osLs &0. na.T\os.s &0. na.n&s~!;;; aa. na.n&d.s &0. ná.l(;sL!;;; &0. nal(;s.s &0. nau.sé!;;; &0. rco.ut e t e
é
&0. na.nOSL &0. na.T\oouv &0. na'n&s~ aa. na'n&oJv &0. ná.l(;sL aa. nal(;ouv &0. nau.sL &0. nau.o0v
Pr.P. ~xw na.T\o8L- I have stepped ~xw na'n&sC - I have been Pr.P. I have ceased I have been dismissed
on stepped on Éxw nal(;EL txw nau.sL
P. P. s~xa na.nosL- I had stepped sLxa na.n&s~ - I had been
on stepped on P.P. sLxa nal(;sL - I had ceased s{xa nau.sL - I had been dismissed
F.P. aa. Ëxw na.nosL- I shall have &0. Ëxw na.n&s~ - I shall have
stepped on been stepped on F.P. &0. EXW nal(;sL- I shall have &0. ~xw nau.s( - I shall have
ceased been dismissed
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. na.~ - that I may be stepping on na'LE~aL- that I may be stepped SUBJUNCTIVE
on P. rtccóco -, that I may be ceasing nauo~aL - that I may be dismissed
P. S. na..now- that I may step on na.n&w- that I may be stepped on
Pr.P. ÉXw na.nosL- that I may have Éxw na.n&s~- that I may have P. S. nal(;w - that I may cease nau.w - that I may be dismissed
stepped on been stepped on Pr.P. txw ná.l(;sL- that I may have Ëxw nau.sL-that I may have been
ceased dismissed
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
P. na.a - be stepping on (sing.) P. na0s - be ceasing (sing.) nauou- be dismissed (sing.)
na..d.s - be stepping on (pl.) naus.s - be ceasing (pl.) nauso.s - be dismissed (pl.)
P. ,S. ná..nos - step on (sing.) na.T\oou- be stepped on (sing.) P. S. /nal(;s - cease (sing.) rtcró-rou- na.u&ou - be dismissed (sing.)
na..no.s- step on (pl.) na.n&s~.s- be stepped on (pl.) ral(;'s- cease (pl.) nau&s{.s - be dismissed (pl.)
INFINITIVE ! INFINITIVE
P. S. va. na..T\osL- to step on va na.n&sL - to be stepped on P.S. Iva. ná.l(;sL - to cease va nau&s~ - to be dismissed
(For examples see p. 273)
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
nauov.a!;;; - ceasing nauuÉv-o!;;;,-n,-O dismissed
(For examples see p. 273)
-226-
-227-
TIE8aLVW (l,intr. ) - to die TIE~V~ (2, intr.) - to be hungry
Examples:
Examples:
IToA.A.â TIa~6~á OTOV x601J.0 TIE8aL- Many children in the world die
ITELVOU1J.E TIOAU. We are very hungry.
vouv aTI6 TIELva. of hunger.
TO TIaL6L TIELVaOE. The child got hungry. (is hungry)
O TIaTITIOU~ 1J.OU TIÉ8avE TIp~V My grandfather died three years
~EV EXW TIE~váoEL ax61J.a. I am not yet hungry.
TPLa xp6v~a. ago.
ITE LvchE; Are you hungry?
eO. ECxav TIEaávE~ aTI6 TO KPUO They would have died of cold if
I
av 6EV É<pTaVE [30naE t.o., help had not arrived. I
ITE8aCvovl:a~ <pwvaEE: "Znl:W n É- While dying he shouted: BLong !
A.EUaEPLa. " live liberty."
KávE~ l:OV TIEaa1J.Évo. He pretends he is dead.
-22 a- -229-
nELpákw (1) - to bother; to annoy; to trouble; to disturb
nEpLypa~W (1) - to describe
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
I am being bothered Active Voice, Indicative Pasive Voice, Indicative
P. I bother P. I describe
nELpa~oUE nELpá~ouaL nELpa~6uaocE I am being described
nELpa~w nEPLYpa~w nEPLypa~oUE
nELpá~EcE nELpa~EoaL nELpa~EocE nEPLypa~OuaL nEPLypa~6uaocE
nELpá~ELs nEpLypa~ELs nEPLypá~EcE
nELpá~ouv nELpa~EcaL nELpa~ovcaL nEPLypa~EOaL nEPLypa~EocE
nELpá\:EL nEpLypá~EL nEpLypa~ouv nEPLypá~EcaL nEPLypa~ovcaL
P. C. I was bothering I was being bothered
P. C. I was describing I was being described
nELpa~a nELpá~aUE nELpa~6uouv nELpa~6uaocE
nELpa~óoouv nELpa~6oaocE nEpCypa~a nEpLypá~aUE nEPLypa~6uouv nEPLypa~6uaocE
nECpa~Es nELpa~acE nEpLypa~Es nEpLypá~acE
nELpa~6cav nELpa~ovcav nEPLypa~6oouv nEpLypa~óoaocE
nECpa~E nELpa~av nEpLypa~E nEpLypa~av rrco t.vooxoó-rc.v nEPLypá~ovcav
P. S. I bothered I was bothered
P. S. I described I was described
nECpa~a nELpa~aUE nELpáxcnxa nELpaXcnxaUE
nELpaXcnxacE nEpLypalj!a nEPLYpalj!aUE nEPLypá~nxa nEPLypa~nXaUE
nELpa~Es nELpa~acE nELpaXcnXEs
nELpaXcnxav nEPLypalj!Es nEpLypálj!acE nEPLypa~nXEs nEPLypa~nxacE
nELpa!;E nELpa!;av nELpáxcnXE
nEpLypalj!E nEPLypalj!av nEPLYpa~nxE nEPLypá~nxav
F. C. I shall be bothering I shall be bothered
F. C. I shall be describing I shall be described
&a nELpá\:w &a nELpa~oUE &a nELpa~ouaL &a nELpa~6uaocE
&a nELpâ~EoaL &a nELpa~EocE &a nEPLypacpw &a nEPLypacpoUE &a nEPLYpácpouaL· 5a nEPLYpacpóuaocE
&a nELpá~ELs &tI., n;ELpá~EcE
&u nELpá~EcaL &a nELpa~oVcaL &a nEPLypacpELG &a nEpLypacpEcE &a nEPLypacpEoaL &a nEPLypacpEocE
&a nELpá~EL &a nELpá~ouv
&a nEpLypacpEL &a nEPLypacpouv &a nEpLypácpEcaL &a nEpLypácpovcaL
F. S. I shall bother I shall be bothered
F. S. I shall describe I shall be described
&a nELpáEw &a nELpá!;oUE &a nELpaXc<b &a TLELpaXl:"o6UE
&~ nELpaXcEtG &a nELpaxrElcE &a nEPLypalj!w &a nEPLypalj!oUE &a nEPLypacpw &a nEPLypacpo0UE
&a nELpá~ELs &a nELpa~EcE &a nEPLypaljJELs &a nEPLypálj!ETE
&a nELpa~EL &á nELpá~ouv &a nELpaXcE{ &a ITELpaxcoÓv &a nEPLypaCPELs &a nEpLypacpECcE
&a nEpLypálj!EL &a nEpLypalj!ouv &a nEPLypacpEL &a nEPLypacpo0v
Pr.P. gxw nELpá~EL- I have bothered ixw nELpaXcE~- I have been
bothered Pr.P. Éxw nEpLypalj!EL- I have described
. /
EXW nEpLypacpEL- I have been des-
P •. P. Eéxa nELpa~EL- I had bothered ELxa nELpaXcEL- I had been cribed / cribed
bothered P.P. Eéxa nEpLypáljJEL- I had described ECxa nEPLypa~E{- I had been des
F. P. &a €XW nEPLypalj!EL- I shall have &a €XW nEPLypaCPEL - I shall have
F.P. &a txw nELpa~EL- I shall have &a ~xw nELpaXcEL - I shall have
described
bothered been bothered been described
SUBJUNCTIVE ed SUBJUNCTIVE
P. nEpLypacpw - that I may be describ-nEpLypaCPOUaL- that I may be
P. nELpá~w - that I may be botheringnELpa~OUaL- that I may be bother/
P.S. nELPá~w- that I may bother nELpaXc~-that I may be bothered ing described
P. S. nEPLypálj!w - that I may describe nEPLypacpw- that I may be "
Pr.P. 8XW nELpá~EL- that I may have ~xw nELpaXcEt- that I may have
bothered been bothered
Pr.P. txw nEPLypálj!EL- that I may have txw nEPLypaCPEC - that I may
described have been described
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
P. nEPLypacpE- be describing (sing.) nEPLypacpou- be described (sing.)
P. nELPa~E- be bothering (sing.) nELpá~ou- be bothered (sing.)
nELpá~EcE- be bothering (pl.) nELpa~EocE- be bothered (pl.) nEPLypácpEcE- be describing (pl.) nEpLypa~EocE-be described (pl.)
P. S. nEPLypalj!E - describe (sing.) nEPLypaljJo~- be described (sing.)
P.S. nECpa~E - bother (sing.) nELpaxcou - be bothered (sing.)
nELpá~cE- bother (pI.) nELpaXcE(rE- be bothered (pI.) nEpLypálj!cE- describe (sing.) nEpLypacpELcE- be described (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
P.S. vo, rts Lpá.~E L - to b ot h er va TIELpaXcEL - to bother P. S. va nEpLypalj!EL- to describe va nEpLypacpEL - to be described
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
nELpá~ovcaG - bothering nELpayuÉv-oG,-n,-o - bothered nEPLypácpovcas- describing ITEpLYEypauuÉv-os,-n,-o- described
(~or examples see po 273) (For examples see po 273)
-230- - 231-
)
TIEpLgÉVW (1) - to wait; to expect; to wait for
TIEP~~XW*(l) - to contain; to include; to comprise
Indicative Subjunctive
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I wait
P. I contain I am contained TIEPL]J.~VW TIEPL]J.~VO]J.E P. & P. S.
TI£pLEXÓ]J.ao"tE TIEPL]J.ÉVW - that I may be
TIEP~~XW TIEPL~XO]J.E TIEP ~ ÉX01>LO,~ TIEPL]J.ÉVEL(;; TIEPL]J.ÉVE"tE
TIEPL~XE01:E
waiting, that I may wait
TIEP~ÉXE~s TIEPLÉXE1:E TIEP~~XEoaL TIEPL]J.~VEL TIEPL]J.~VOUV Imperative
TIEp~ÉXEL TIEPLÉXOUV TIEP~ÉXE1:aL TI£PLÉXOV1:aL
P.C.& I was wating P.& P.S. TI£PC]J.EV£ - be waiting,
P. C. & I was containing, I contained I was contained P. S. I waited
TIEPLEXÓ]J.OUV TI£PLEXÓ]J.ao"tE
wait (sing.)
P.S. TIEPLE~xa TIEpLELxa]J.E TI£pL]J.Eva TIEpL]J.Éva]J.E TIEPL]J.~VE1:E- be waiting,
/
TIEp~E~XEs '
TIEPLE7xa1:E TIEPLEXÓOOUV TIEPL£XÓOa01:£ TI£pL]J.EV£s TI£PL]J.Éva1:£ Infinitive wait,(Pl.)
TIEPLE{.XE TIEpLE~xav TI£PLEXÓ1:aV TI£PLÉXOV1:av TI£pL]J.EV£ TI£PL]J.Evav
P. & P. S.
F.C.& F. C. & va TIEPL]J.~VEL- to be
F. S. I shall be containing I shall be contained F. S. I shall be waiting
6a TIEPLÉXO]J.aL 6a TIEPLEXÓ]J.a01:E
waiting, to wait
6a TIEPLÉXW 6a TIEPLÉXO]J.E 6a TIEPL]J.ÉVW 6~ TIEPL]J.~VO]J.E Participle
6a TIEPLÉXELs 6a TIEPL~X£"tE 6a TIEPLÉXEoaL 6a TI£PLÉXE01:E 6a TI£PL]J.ÉV£Ls 6a TI£PL]J.~VE1:£
6a ~£PL~XEL 6a nEPLÉXoUV 6a TIEpLÉX£"taL 6a TIEPLÉXOV1:aL 6a TI£PL]J.ÉVEL 6a TIEPL]J.~VOUV TI£PL]J.~VOV"tas - waiting
* There are no forms for the Perfect Tenses. The Perfect Tenses are not common. The Past Continuous and
the Past Simple are used in their place.
Examples: Examples:
To 60x£io TIEPLÉX£L VEPÓ. The pot contains water.
II£PL].l~VO]J.£ 1:0 AEWqJOp£LO. We are waiting for the bus.
To ~L~ALO TIEPL~X£L TIOAAá The book contains many
II£PL]J.£VÉ ]..I.E E6ill. Wait for me here.
~£~AaLa. , »chapters.
IIEPL]J.~VO]J.£ Éva ypd]..l.]J.a aTIo We are expecting a letter from
Td 6É]J.a"ta TIOU TInpa]J.£ TI£PL£L The package~ we received
1:0V TIa1:Épa ]J.a(;;. our father.
xav !3L~A~a. contained books.
The entire grammar is contained IIEPL]J.~VO]J.E 6uo roPEs 1:ŵpa YLa We have been waiting for the
'OAT) Tl ypa]J.]J.a1:L~n TIEpLtXE"taL
1:0 aEpOTIAávo ~aL 6EV SXEL Ép- airplane two hours but it has not
o' aU1:ó 1:0 ~L~ALO. in this book.
6EL a~o]J.a. yet come.
~"t0 TIOOÓ aU1:o TI£pLÉX£1:aL ~a~ In this amount the tax is in
AUTÓ p£v 1:0 TIEPL]J.Eva. This I did not expect.
O qJópos. cluded.
II£PL].l~VW ~aAU1:EpO ]J.Lo3ó. I expect a better salary (higher
salary).
- 2 32- - 23}-
)
nEp~op[kW (1) - to limit; to bound; to confine; to restrain nEp~no~oÓ~a~ (4)
_ - to look after; to treat; to attend to
Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, restrained Indicative
I limit I am confined, P. I look after
P. nEp~op~l:ol-1ao-CE: Subjunctive
nEP~opCl:Ol-1E nEP~opCl:o~a~
nEP~opLl:w
nEP~oPLl:EO-CE:
nE:p~no~o6~a~ rtco t, rto t oóuco r e
nE:p~opCl:E:~(;; nEP~opCl:E-CE: nEP~op[l:E:oa~ nE:p~no~E:Loa~
nE:p~op[l:ov-ca~ nEP~no~ECo-CE P. nEP~no~oJl-1a~-that I
nEP~opCl:E:~ nE:p~opCl:ouv nEP~opLl:E:Ta~ nEP~no~EC-ca~ nEP~no~oóv-ca~ may be looking after
I was being restrained P. S. nEp~no~n~~ - that I
P. C. I was limiting P. C. I was looking after
nEp~op~l:Ól-10UV nEP~op~l:ó~ao-CE may look after
nEP~op~l:a nEp~opCl:al-1E: nEP~no~oD~ouv nEp~no~ou~ao-CE
nEp~op~l:ooouv nEP~oPL~ooao-CE Pr.P. ~xw nEp~no~n&EL - that
nE:p~op~l:E(;; nEP~opCl:a-CE nEp~no~oDOOU\) nEp~no~ouoao-CE
nEP~op~l:o-cav nEP~opC~ov-cav I may have looked
nEP~óp~l:E nEPLop~l:av nEP~no~ouv-cav nEp~no~oóv-cav after
I limited I was restrained P. S. I looked after
P. S. Imperative
nE:p~opCoal-1E: nEp~oPLO-cnxa nE:p~op~o-cnXal-1E nE:p~no~n~nxa
nEP~op~oa nEp~no~n&nxa~E
nEP~opCoa-CE nEp~oPLO-cnXE(;; nEP~op~o-cnxa-CE
nEP~Óp~OE(;; nEp~no~n~nXE(;; nEp~no~n&nxa-CE P. nEp~no~n~ou - be
nEP~óp~oav nEP~opLo-cnXE nE:p~OPLo-cnxav
nEP~óP~OE nEp~no~n~nXE nEp~nO~n~n}(av looking ,after (sing.)
I shall be restrained nEp~no~n&EL-CE -
F. C. I shall be limiting F.C. I shall be looking after
&a nE:p~OpL~W ~a nE:p~OpL~Ol-1E ~a TLEp~opCl:ol-1a~ ~a nEP~op~l:ó~ao-CE be looking after
&a nEP~oPLl:Eoa~ ~a nEP~opCl:EO-CE ~a nEp~no~oó~a~ ~a nEp~noLou~ao-CE
&a nEP~opLl:E~s ~a nEP~opCl:E-CE &a nEp~nO~E:LOa~ &a nEP~no~ELo~~ P.S. nEP~no~noou - look
~a nEp~OpL~E:~ ~a nE:p~opC~ouv ~a nE:p~opLl:E:-ca~ ~a nEP~opCl:ov-ca~ ~an' Ep~noLE~-ca~ Le.
&a nEp~no~oóv-ca~ after (sing.)
I shall be restrained nEP~no~~o-CE -look
F. S. I shall limit F. S. I shall look after after (pl.)
~a nEP~op~O-C~ &a nEP~oPLO-COÓl-1E
aU. nE:p~opCOW &a nEP~OpCOOl-1E
&a nEP~oP~O-CE:{(;; ~a nE:p~OP~O-CE{-CE
~a nEp~no~n&w ~a nEP~no~n&oÓ~E
&a nEP~OpCOE~(;; &a fLEP~OPCOE:-CE ~a nEp~no~n~~{(;; ~a nEp~no~n&El-CE Infinitive
&a nEP~opCOE~ ~a nEP~opCOouv &a nEP~oP~O-CEL ~a nEP~oP~O-Couv
~a nEp~no~n&EL ~a nEP~no~n~oóv
P.S. va nEp~no~n&EL - to
~xw nEP~opLOE~- I have limit~d ~xw nEPLop~O-CE(- I have been Pr.P. I have looked after look after
Pr.P. restrained
/ I Éxw nEp~no~n~d
Eéxa TIEPLOPL0£L - I had limited E~xa nEp~op~O-CE~ - I had been
P:P. restrained
P. P.
, /
E~xa nEp~noLn~EL- I had looked after
F.P. &a sxw nEpLoPLOE~- I shall have ~a Éxw nEPLop~O-CEC I shall have
been restrained Participle
limited F. P. ~a Év",
""" nEPLnoLn~E/-
'IV L I shall have
looked after nEPLno~n~tv-o(;;, -n,-o
.,' someone with an
SUBJUNCTIVE immaculate
nEP~opC~w - that I may be limit- nEP~opC~o~a~- that I may be appearance
P.
ing restrained
Examples:
P. S. nEP~opCOw- that I may limit nEP~Op~Ol.~ - that I may be "
Pr.P. Éxw nEp~oPCOE~- that I may have txw nEP~oP~O-CE:{ - that I may have
been restrained 'OAo -cov xaLpo nou Él-1E~VE When he was staying with us we
limited xov-ca ~as -CO~ nEp~no~n~nxa~E.
IHPERATIVE looked after him all the time.
E-co VOOO}(O~E~O bEV -cov nEp~ In the hospital they did not take
P. nE:p~op~l:E- be limiting (sing.) nE:p~oPC~ou - be restrained (sing.) no~n&nxav noAD.
nE:p~OpC~E-CE- be limiting (pl.) nEp~oPL~EO-CE:- be restrained (pl.) good care of him.
To yxapoov~ nEp~no~EL-ca~ The waiter waits on his customers.
P. S. nEP~óp~OE - limit (sing.) nEP~oPCOoul be restrained (sing.) -cous nEAa-CE(;; -cou.
nEP~oPLO-CE:- limit (pl.) nEP~OP~O-CEL-CE-be restrained (pl.)
INFINITIVE
va nEP~op~O-CEC- to be restrained
P. S. va nEp~oPLOE~ - to limit
PARTICIPLE
nEpLopCl:oV-cas _ limiting nE:pLOP~Ol-1Év-os, -n,-o-limited,
restrained
-234- (For examples see p, 274)
-235-
nEpv~ (2) - to pass; to cross nEpna.w (2) - to walk; to stroll
Pr.P.
/
EXW TIELa!;EL -
. I have flown
I
EXW TIELa.XLEL -
j
I have been
Pr.P. s'xw TItOEL- I have fallen Participle
thrown P.P. ECXa. TIEOEL- I had fallen
/ / TItCPLOVLa.s - falling
E~Xa. TIELá.GEL - I had flown ELxa TIELa.XLEL- I had been thrown
P.P.
. J F.P. Ba. t:Xw TIEOEL- I shall Passive ParticipLe
&0. ~XW TIELá~EL - I shall Ba. Éxw TIELa.XLEL- I shall have have fallen
F. P.
have flown been thrown
TIEO~EV-Os,-n,-o - fallen
SUBJUNCTIVE
(wi th va, y La va, ÓLa.V etc.) Examples
P. TIEL~ - that I may be flying TIELLE~aL- that I may be thrown IItCPLEL XLOV L • Snow is falling.
P. S. TIELá.~W - that I may fly TIELa.XLt0 - that I may be thrown 'ETIEOS LO TIOLnPL a.TIÓ LU XEPL
I I The glass fell off my hand.
Pr.P. SXw TIELá.!;EL - that I may have EXW TIELa.XLEL - that I may have ~OU.
thrown, flown been thrown IIECPLOUV La. 1J.a.A.A.La. LOU. He is losing his hair.
Ta. 6tv6pa. ÉTIEOa.V a.TIÓ LOV The trees fell because of the
IMPERATIVE pa.. wind.
P. TIÉLa. - be throwing (sing.)--- 'HLa.v xoupa.01J,tvos Xa.L ÉTIEOS He was tired and he fell down.
TIELáLE- be throwing (pl.) Xa.LW.
TIELa~E - throw (sing.) TIELaXLOU - be thrown (sing.) IItCPLOUV XOP1J.Lcl.
P. S. Men are being killed.
TIELáXLE - throw (pl.) TISTaXTSCTE - be thrown (pl.) IItcpLOUV x ECPclA La.. Heads are rolling.
Tu ~EOn~EpL TIÉ;CPLW YLa. ~La wpa.. I take a nap for one hour at
INFINITIVE
-_----_. - noon.
P. S. va TIELa~EL - to throw va TIELa.XTE~ - to be thrown 'ETIEOE us, La. )lOULPa. o rn 60u- He worked with great determina
AE La. tion. ( He fell with his face
_-_. _-~- TIELa~Év-os,-n,-o
PARTICIPLE into his work).
throwing - thrown IItcpLw.
TIELWVLa.S - I go to bed.
(For examples see p. 2J4, IIECPLW XáLW.
275) I fall down.
(For additional examples
- 233- see p. 275)
-239-
)
nnya~voEpxo~a~*(3, a compound verb, nnya[vw and €Pxo~a~)- to nnyaLVw (1) - to go
go and come
Indicative
Indicative P. I go
P. I go and come nnya[vw mlYaLVO~E P. nnyaCvw - that I may be
nnya~voEPXo~a~ nnya~voEPxô~aaTE nnyaLVE~s nnyaLvETE going
nnya~voEPXEaa~ nnya~voEPXEaTE nnyaLvEL nDyaLvoUV P.S. náw - t hat I m a y g o
nnya~voEPXELa~ nnya~voÉPxovTa~
P. C. I was going Pr.P. €XW náE~- that I may
P.C. I was going and coming mhaL\)a nnyaL\)a~E have gone
nnya~voEPXÓ~OUv nnya~voEPxó~aaTE mhaL \)Es nDyaL\)aLE
nnya~voEPxôaouv nnya~voEPxôaaaTE mha~\)E m'\yaL vo.v Imperative
nnya~voEPxóTav nDya~voEPxovTav
P. S. I went P. nnyaLvE be going, go
I
* The verb occurs only in the present and past continuous nTJya nnya~E (sing.)
tenses. nDYEs mhaLE nnyaLvELE - be going, go
I
mhE rtrrr ccv (pI. )
P. S.
F. C. I shall be going
&a nnyaL\)W &0. nDyaL\)O~E
&a mlYaC\)ELs &a nDyaL\)ELE Infinitive
&a nDyaL\)E~ &0. nnyaLVOU\)
Examples:
...
\
TInO~ (2) _ to jump; to leap; to hop; to skip TI~ávw (1) _ to take; to seize; to catch; to grasp
Examples: SUBJUNCTIVE
P. TIl.ávw - that I may be taking TIl.aVOllaL-
that I may be
I jump with joy. caught
Dnow aTIO xapa. P. S. TILáow - that I may take TIl.aocw- that I may be caught
O Olll.AnT~!;; TInoODOE aTIó TO The speaker leaped from one
Pr.P. Éxw TILáoE~- that I may have txw TIl.aOTEC- that I may have been
Éva aÉlla aTO áAAO. subject to another.
taken caught
DnonOE TPE~!;; OEAeOE!;;. He skipped three pages.
We leapt to the side of the street IMPERATIVE
DnonoallE ocnv áxpn cOU opo P. TIl.á.VE - be taking (sing.) TILávou - be caught (sing.)
uou '(l.ace TO mHOXeVl)cO EP because the car was coming
straight at us. TIl.áVETE- be taking (pl.) TI~aVEOTE- be caught (pl.)
xocav xaca TIavw llaG. P. S. TIl.áOE - take (sing.) TILaOOU - be caught (sing.)
Ta TIal.oáxl.a TInOOÓV oav Aa The children hop like rabbits.
TIl.áOTE - take (pl.) TIl.aOcELcE- be caught (pl.)
'(ouoaxl.a.
INFINITIVE
I
P. S. va TIl.~OEL - to take va TIl.aOTE~ - to be caught
PARTICIPLE
-242- TIl.á.voVTa!;; - taking TI~aOll€V-O!;;,-n,-O- caught
-243- (For examples see pp. 2J6
277)
'-
TIl.GTEUW (1) - I believe
nLVw (1) - to drink
Passive Voice, Indicative A~tive Voice, Indicative Passive Voice. Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative
I am being drunk P. I believe I am believed
P. I drink
nCvw nCVO~€ nLvo~a~ n~VÔ~aaL€ TIlGTEUW TIlGTEU ou j.lE TIlGTEUOj.lal ~TIlGTEUÓ j.laGTE
1: was drinking I was being drunk P.C. I was believing I was being believed
P.C. /
8n~va nCva~€ n~vô~ouv n~V6~aaL€ TI{GTEUa TIlGTEUaj.lE TIlGTEUÓj.lOUV TIlGTEUÓ j.laGTE
I
€n~v€s nCVaL€ n~v6aouv n~V6aaaL€ TI{GTEUES TIlGTEUaTE TIlGTEUÓGOUV TIlGTEUÓGaGTE
I
€n~v€
I
€n~vav n~vôLav nLvovLav TI{GTEUE TI{GTEUaV TIlGTEUÓTav TIlGTEUOVTav
F.C. I shall be drinking I shall be drunk F.C. I shall be believing I shall be believed
{la nCvw {la nLVO~€ {lel nCvo~a~ {la, rt t vóuuo t e 8a TIlGTEUW 8a TIlGTEUOUj.lE 8a TIlGTEUOj.lat 8a TIlGTEUÓ ~laGTE
{la nCv€~s {la nLV€L€ {la nCv€aa~ {la n~V6aaaL€ 8a TIlGTEUElS 8a TIlGTEUETE 8a TIlGTEU EGal 8a TIlGTEUEGTE
{lu. nCv€~ {la nLVouv {la nLV€La~ {la nCvovLa~ 8a TIlGTEUEl 8a TIlGTEUOUV 8a TIlGTEUETal 8a TIlGTEUOVTal
ixw n~€L- I have drunk Éxw n~w{l€L - I have been drunk Pr.P. I have believed
Pr.P. I have been believed
€lxa n~w{l€~ - I had been drunk
Éxw TIlGTÉ~El .. etc. Éxw TIlGTEUTEl
P.P. €~xa n~€~ - I had drunk
{la ~xw n~oo€L - I shall have P.P. Elxa TIlGTÉ~El - I had believed ElXa TIlO'TEUTEl - I had been believed
F.P. {la 8XW rt t e t.> I shall h a v e
drunk been drunk
F.P. 8a Éxw TIlGTÉ~El - I shall have believed 8a Éxw TIlGTEUTEl - I shall have been
believed
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE P. TIWTEUW that I may be believing
- TIlGTEUOj.lal that I may be believed
-
P. nCvw - that I may be drinking [~LVO~a~ -that I may be drunk P.S. TIlGTÉ~W - that I may believe TIlGTEUTW that I may be believed
-
Pr.P. Éxw TIlGTÉ~El - that I may have believed Éxw TIlGTEUTEl - that I may have been
n~w - that I may drink i1LW{lw - that I may be drunk
P. S. believed
Pr.P. ixw that I may have
n~€£ - txw n~oo€L - that I may have
IMPERATIVE
drunk drunk
IMPERATIVE P. TIlGTEVE be believing (sing.)
-
PARTICIPLE
PAl\.TICIFLE
n~w~Ëv-os,-n,-o - drunk" TIlGTEUOVTas - believing TIlGTEVT-ÓS, -ri, -ó - believable
nLvovLaS - drinking (verbal adjective)
(For examples see p. 211)
-244- - 245 -
...
\
TIAnywvw (1) - to wound
TIA~VW (1) - to wash
Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
;::A,-,c:_:t:::.._l.=.·
v..;._::e,--V,-o:::.._=.i..=c_::.e,
Ind i cat i v e P. I wound
I wash I am washed, I wash myself I am being wounded
P. TIAllYWVW TIAnywVOj.lE
TIAÉVW TIAÉVOj..LE TIAÉvoj..La~ TIAEVoj..LaOl:E TIAnyW\)oj.la~ TIAn.;ywVÓj.laOl:E
TIA~VEOa~ TIA~VEOl:E TIAnywVE~~ TIAnywVELE TIAnywvEoa~ TIAnywvEOl:E
TIAÉVE~~ TIAÉVEl:E TIAnywVE~
TIAÉVOUV TIAÉVEl:a~ TIA~VOVl:a~ TIAnywVOUv TIAnywVEl:a~ TIAnywvOVl:a~
TIAÉVE~
P.C. I was wounding I was being wounded
P.C. I was washing I was being washed
TIAEVÓUOUV TIAEVÓuaOl:E TIAnywva TIAnywVaj.lE TIAnywVOj.lOUV TIAnywvóuaOl:E
éTIAEVa TIAÉvaj..LE TIAnYWvE~ TIAnywVal:E
ÉTIAEVE~ TIA~Val:E TIAEVÓOOUV TIAEVÓOaOl:E TIAnYwvooouv TIAnywvóOaOl:E
TIAEVÓl:aV TIA~VOVl:av TIAlhwVE TIAnywvaV TIAnywVOl:av TIAnywvOVl:av
tTIAEVE ÉTIAEVaV
P. S. I wounded
I washed I was washed I was wounded
P. S. TIJ\.nywoa TIAnywOaj..LE
tTIAUVa TIAUvaj..LE TIAu&nlia TIAu&nliaUE TIAnyw&nlia TIAT"!yw&nliaj.lE
TIAu&nlial:E TIAnYWOE~ lTAnywOal:E TI,;(nyW&nl1.E~ TIAnyw&nlio.l:E
éitAUVE~ TIAUVal:E TIAu&nliE~ TIAnYWOE
TIAu&nliE TIAu&nliav TIAnywoav TIAnyw&nl1.E TIATlYw~n}ia.\)
ETIAUVE t-itAUVaV
F. C. I shall be wounding
I shall be washed I shall be wounded
F. C. I shall be washing &0. TIAnywvw &0. TIAnywVOj.lE
&0. TIAÉVW &0. TIA~VOj..LE &0. TIAÉvoua~ &0. TIAEVoj..LaOl:E &0. TIAnywvOj.la~ &0. TIAnywVOj..Lo.Ol:E
&0. TIA~VEOa~ &0. TIA~VEOl:E &0. TIAnywvE~~ &0. TIAnYWVEl:E &0. TIAnywvEoa~ &0. TIAnYWvEOl:E
&0. TIAÉVE~~ &0. TIA~VEl:E &0. TIAnYWVE~ &0. TIAnywvouv
&0. TIA~VE~ &0. TIAÉVOUV &0. TIAÉvEl:a~ &0. TIA~VOVl:a~ &0. TIAnyWVEl:o.~ &0. TIAnywvOVl:a~
F. S. I shall wound I shall be wounded
F. S. I shall wash I shall be washed
&0. TIAU&OUj..LE &0. TIJ\.nywow &0. TIJ\.nywOOj.lE &0. TIAnyw&W &0. TIAnyw&oUj.lE
aU. TIAUVW &0. TIAUVOj..LE &0. TIAU&W
&0. TIAU&ELl:E &0. TIAnywOE~~ ao. TIAnywOEl:E &0. TIAnYW&E~~ &0. TIAnyw&E~l:E
&0. TIAUVE~~ &0. TIAUVEl:E &0. TIAU&E~~ &0. TIAnywoE~
&0. TIAU&EL &0. TIAU&ODV &0. TIAnywoouv &0. TIAnYw&E L &0. TIAnyw&o6v
&0. TIAUVE~ &0. TIAUVOUV
ixw TIAU&E~ - I have been washed Pr.P. 8XW TIAnYWoE~ - I have wounded 8XW TIAnyw&d, - .1 have been
Pr.P. txw TIAUVE~- I have washed
I wounded
I
/ P.P. ELxa TIAnYWOE~- I had wounded E~Xo. TIAnYw&E~- I had been
P.P. El-xa TI AaUVE~- I had washed ELxa TIAU&EL- I had been washed
wounded
I
&0. EXW TIAU&EL' - I shall have F.P. &0. txw TIAnywOE~- I shall &0. ~xw TIAnyw&EL - I shall have
F.P. &0. lx.w TIAUVE~ - I shall
been washed have wounded been wounded
have washed
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. TIAnywVw - that I may be
P. TIAÉVW - that I may be washing TIA~VOua~ - that I may be washed TIAnyWVOj.la~- that I may be wounded
wounding
P. S. TIAnywow - that I may wound
P. S. TIAUVW- that I may wash TIAU&~- that I may be washed ~Anyw&w - that I may be wounded
Pr.P. txw TIAnYWOE~- that I may have-
Pr.P. ~xw TIAUVE~- that I may have ixw TIAU&EL- that I may have been wounded
EXW TIAnYW&Eé - that I may have
washed washed b een wounded
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
P. TI~nY~VE- be wounding (sing.)
TIJ\.ÉVE - be washing(sing.) TIAEVOU - be washed(sing.) TIAny~vou - be wounded (sing.)
P. TIAnywVEl:E- be wounding (pl.)
TIJ\.ÉVEl:E- be washing (pl.) TIAEVEOl:E - be washed (pl.) TIAnY~VEaLE- be wounded (pl.)
P. S. TIAnY~OE - wound (sing.)
TIJ\.UVE- wash (sing.) TIAUOOU - be washed (sing.) TIAr,yWOOU - be wounded (sing.)
P. S. TIAnywOl:E - wound (pl.)
TIJ\.UVEl:E - wash (plo) TIAU&E LLE - be washed (plo) TIAnyw&EtLE- be wounded (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
va TIAU&E~ - to be washed P. S. va TIAnywoE~ - to wound ,,' ,,~/
vo. TIAny~EL - to be wounded
P. S. va TIAUVE~ - to wash
PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE
TIAUj..LÉv-o~,-n,-o - washed TIAnyW\)QVl:o.~ - wounding TIAnYWUÉV-o~,-n,-o - wounded
TIAÉVOVl:a~ - washing
(For examples see p, 2"/7)
-246- --247- (For examples see p. 277)
...
TIADPO(\?OpdJ (3) - to inform TIATlPWVW (1) - to pay
Active Voice, In(;icative Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
I inform I am being informed P. I pay I am being paid, I am paid
P.
TIATlPOCPOPOÓ~€ nAT)pocpopo0~aL TIAT)POcpopou~aoc€ TIATlPWVW TIATlPWVO~€ TIADPwVo~aL TIAnpWVÓ~aoc€
TtAT)CPOPOPCÓ
TIATlPOCPOP€~c€ TI)\;T)POCPopE..LOaL TIADPOcpop€LOc€ TIATlPWV€L!;; TIAllPWV€c€ TIAnPWV€OaL TIAnpWV€Oc€
TIAT)POCPOP€LG
TIAT)pocpop€L TIATl pQ(POPO~v TIADPOcpop€LcaL TIAT)poCPopo0vcaL TIATlPWVEL TIATlPW\lOUV TIATlPWV€caL TIATlPWvOVcaL
I was being informed P.C. I was paying I was being paid
P. C. I was informing
TIATlPOCPopouoa~€ TIAT)pOCPOPou~ouv TIAT)POcpopou~aoc€ TIAr)pwva TIATlPWVa~€ TIATlPWVÓ].!ouv TIATlPwVÓ~aoc€
TIATlPOCPopoÓoa
TIADPOcpopoDo€G TIATlPOCPopouoac€ TIAT)pOCPOPouoouv TIADPOCPOPouoaoc€ TIAnpWv€!;; TIATlPWVac€ TIATlpwv600uv TIATlPwv6oaoc€
• , I
TIATlPOCPopoóoav TIAT)POCPopouvcav TIAT)POCPOpouvcav TIAr)PWV€ TIAnpWVav TIATlpwVÓL"av TIATlPWvOvcav
TIATlPOCPOP000€
I was informed P. S. I paid I paid
P. S. I informed
TIATlPOCPopnoa~E TIAT)POcpopn{lT)xa TIATlPOCPOPTl{lnxa~€ TIAr1pwoa TIATlPWOa~€ TIATlPw{lTlXa TIAnpw{lr)xa~€
TIATlpocpÓPTloa
TIADPOCPOpnoaTE TIADPOCPOPr){lT)X€G TIATlPOcpoPTl{lnxac€ TIAr)pWO€!;; TIATlPWOac€ TIATlPW{lDX€G TIAnpw{lnxac€
TIADPOCPÓPTlO€!;;
TIADPOCPÓPDoav TIAT)POCPOPT'){lTlX€ TIATlPOCPopn{lTlxav TIAr)pWO€ TIAnpWOav TIATlPW{lTlX€ TIATlPw{lTlXav
TIADPOCPÓPDO€
~xw TIATlPOCPOpr)O€L- I have informed £xw TIATlPOCPOPTl{l€C - I have been Pr.P. I have paid I have been paid
Pr.P. informed
€{xa TIATlPocpopnO€L- I had informed
I
€txa o, ./
TIATlPOCPOPTlu€L- I ha d b een P. P. €Cxa TIATlPWO€L- I had paid €~xa TIAnpw{l€i- I had been paid
P.P. informed
{la txw TIATlPocpopnO€L- I shall have {la Ëxw TIAnpOCPOPTl{ld.- I shall F.P. {la Éxw TIATlPWO€L- I shall {la Éxw TIAnpw{lE:{ - I shall have
F.P. have been informed
informed have paid been paid
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
TIATlPOCPOP~- that I may be informing TIATlPocpopo0~aL- that I may be P. TIATlPWVW - that I may be paying TIATlPWvO~aL- that I may be paid
P.
informed
TIATlpocpopnow- that I may inform TIATlPOCPOPD{lc0-that I may be " P. S. TIATlPWOW - that I may pay TIATlPW&~- that I may be paid
P. S.
~xw TIAnpOcpopnO€L- that I may have ÉXw TIADPOCPOPTl{l€L-that I may Pr.P. txw TIATlPWO€L- that I may have txw TIATlPw{lEL- that I may have
Pr.P.
informed have been informed paid been -p a Ld
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
TIATlPocpópa- be informing (sing.) P. TIAnpWv€ - be paying (sing.) TIATlPWVOU - be paid (sing.)
P.
TIATlPocpopáT€- be informing (pl.) TIATlPWVEc€- be paying (pl.) TIATlP(.(rvsoTE - be paid (pl.)
TIATlpocpópnoE - inform (sing.) TIATlPocpopn{lou- be informed(sing.) P. S. TIAnpWO€- pay (sing.) TIATlPWaOU - be paid (sing.)
P. S.
TIATlPOCPOP~OT€ - inform (pl.) TIATlPOCPOPTl{l€~c€- be informed(pl.) TIATlPWOc€- pay (pl.) TIATlPw{l€LL"€ - be paid (pl.)
INFINITIVE , 1 d
va TIATlPOCPOpr)OEL- to inform va TIATlPOCPOPD{l€L- to be informe INFINITIVE
_----_-
P. S.
P. S. va TIATlPWO€L - to pay va TIAnpw{l€( - to be paid
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
TIATlPOCPoPwVTa!;; -informing TIATlPOCPOPTl~Év-OG,-D,-O - TIATlPWVOVTa!;; - paying TIATlPW~ËV-O!;;,-n,-o- paid
-24,,- informed
-249 (For examples see p. 273)
(For examples see p. 278)
\
TIAOUcC?;;W (1) - to enrich; to become rich; to get rich
TIAnO~akw (1) - I approach
Active Voice,
Passive Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative P. r enrich I am being enriched
I approac;h I am being approached TIAOUcC?;;w
P. TIAOUTC?;;O~E TIAOUTL~o~a~ TIACuT~?;;6~aOcE
TIAnO~a?;;w TIAnO~a?;;O~E TIAno~a?;;o~a~ TIAno~a?;;6~aocE TIAOUTL?;;E~~ TIAOUTC?;;ETE TIAOUcC~Eoa~ TIAOUTL?;;&OcE
TIAnO~a?;;E~~ TIAno~á.?;;ETE TIAnO~a?;;Eoa~ TIAnO~a?;;EocE TIAOUTC?;;E~ TIAOUTL?;;OUV ITAOUTL,ETa~ TIAOUTL?;;ovTaL
TIAno~á.?;;E~ TIAnO La?;;ouv TIAnO~a?;;Eca~ TIAno~á.?;;ovca~
P. C. I was enriching I was being enriched
P. C. TIAOUT~?;;a TIAOUTL?;;a~E TIAOUT~?;;6~ouv TIAOucL?;;6~aOTE
TIAno~a?;;6~ouv TIAno~a?;;6~aOcE
TIAOUT~?;;E~ TIAOUTC?;;aTE TIAOUTL~6oouv TIAOUT~?;;6oaOTE
TIAno~a?;;6oouv TIAno~a?;;6oaocE
TIAOUTL?;;E TIAOUTL?;;av TIAOUT~~6Tav TIAOUcL?;;ovTav
TIAno~a?;;6cav TIAnO~a?;;ovcav
P. S. I enriched I Vias enriched
P. S. I approached TIAOUc~Oa TIAOUTCOa~E TIAOUTLOTn14.a TIAOUT~OTn14.a~E
TIAno~á.oa~E The other tenses of the Passive TIAOUT~OE~
TI>--nOLaoa. TIAOUTLOaTE TIAOUTLOTn14.E~ TIAOUT~OT~14.acE
TIAnO LaoaTE Voice are not common. Instead, TIAOUTLOE
TIAnOCaOE~ TIAOUT~Oav TIAOUTLOTn14.E TIAOUTLOTn14.aV
TIAnOCaOav the active voice is used. Ex.
TIAnOLaOE
instead of"TIAno~á.ocn14.a"(not • F. C. I shall be enriching
common) we use 14.aTIo~o~ ~E TIAnO~ I shall be enriched
F. C. ôa TIAOUTC?;;W ôa TIAOUTC?;;O~E ôa TIAOuTC?;;o~a~ ôa TIAOuTL?;;6~aoTE
aOE. ôa TIAOUTC?;;E~s ôa TIAOUcC?;;ETE ôa TIAOuTC?;;Eoa~ ôa TIAOUTL?;;EOTE
ôa TIAOUTL~E~ ôa TIAOUTC?;;OUV ôa TIAOUTC6Eca~ ôa TIAOUcL?;;ovTa~
F. S. I shall enrich I shall be enriched
F. S. I shall approach ôa TIAOUTLOW ôa TIAOUTCOO~E era TIAOUT~OTc.G ôu. TIAOUc~OT00~E
ôa TIAno~á.ow ôa TIAno~á.oO~E ôa ITAOUTLOE~~ ôa nAouTLoEcE ôa TIAOUT~OTEL~ ôa TIAOUTLOTE~cE
ôu TIAno~á.OE~~ ôa TIAnO~aOETE ôa ITAOUTLOE~ ôa TIAOUTLOOUV ôa TIAOUTLOcE~ ôa TIAOUT~OTOÓV
ôa TIAno~á.OE~ ôa TIAnO~aOouv
Pr.P. I have enriched J have been enriched
Pr.P. txw TIAnO~aOE~- I have approached txw TIAOU1:COEL 8XW TIAouno1:d
ItXE~s TIAOUcLOE~ ~XE~s TIAOUc~OcE~
P.P. Eéxu TIAno~á.OE~- I had approached etc. etc.
F.P. ôa 8XW TIAnO~aOE~- I shall have P.P. E~xa TIAOUTLOE~ - I had enriched ELxa TIAOUc~01:E{ - I had been
approached
enriched
F.P. ôa ixw TIAOUTLOE~ - I shall have ôa ~xw TIAOUT~OcEt- I shall have
enriched been enriched
SUBJUNCTIVE
TIAno~á.~o~a~- that I may be SUBJUNCTIVE
P. TIAno~á.?;;w - that I may be P. TIAOU1:C?;;w -that I may be enrichingTIAOUTL?;;O~a~-that I may be enriched
approaching approached P. S. TIAOUTLOW - t h at I may enrich TIAOUTLoTJJ-that I may be enriched
P. S. TIAno~á.ow - that I may approach Pr.P. €XW TIAOU1:LOE~-that I may have ~Xw TIAOUT~OTEL-that I may have
PR.P. €XW TIAnO~aOE~- that I may have enriched I~PERATIVE been enriched
approached P. TIAOU1:~?;;E-be enriching (sing.) TIAOUTC?;;OU - be enriched (sing.)
IMPERATIVE
TIAOU1:C?;;ETE-be enriching (pl.) TIAOUTL?;;E01:E - be enriched (plo)
P. TIAnoCa?;;E - be approaching (sing.) TIAno~~?;;ou- be approached (sing.) P. S. TIAOUT~OE- enrich (sing.) TIAOU1:COOU -be enriched (sing.)
OI
TIAno~á.?;;EcE- be approach1ng • (I)
p. TIAno~a?;;EocE- be approached(pl.)
TIAOU1:LOTE- enrich (pl.) TIAOU1:~01:E~TE-be enriched (pl.)
P. S. TIAnOLaOE - approach(sing.) INFINITIVE
TIAno~á.ocE - approach (pl.) jl. S • va TIAOU1:LOE~- to enrich va TIAOUT~01:EL- to be enriched
l;'Al\TLCIl;'LE
TIA6u1:C?;;ov1:a~- enriching TIAOUT~O~ÉV-o~,-n,-O-oenriched
P. S. va TIAno~á.oE~ - to approach / to be approached
va, TIAnO~a,OcE~ -
(For examples see p~ 278)
PARTICIPLE
(For examples see p. 278) -251-
-250-
.
\
I ' I
nOAEgw (2) - to wage war; to fight
TIAUVW see nAE:vw
Indicative SUbjunctive
nVLYw (1) - to choke; to drown P. I wage war
nVLyogaL (4)- to be choked; to drown
noAEUc.b nOAEU00UE P. nOAEU~ - that I ~ay be
Passive Veice, Indicative noAEUá.s nOAEub.LE waging war
Active Voice, Indicative
I drown nOAEUc{ nOAEUooV P. S. nOAEUnOW - that I may
P. I choke (someone)
nv[yw nv[yoUE nv[youaL nVLyóuaoLE / wage war
nV[YEoaL nVLYEoLE P. C. I was waging war Pr.P. sxw nOAEUnOEL - that I
nVLYELs nV!YELE nOAEUO~)Oa
nv[youv nVLYELaL nVLyovLaL nOAEuouoaUE may have waged war
nVLYEL nOAEuouOEs nOAEuouoaLE
I was drowning nOAEUOOOE nOAEUODoav
P. C. I was choking
tnvLya nVLyaUE nVLy6uouv nVLy6uaoLE Imperative
nVLy600uv nVLy6oaoLE P. S. I waged war
tnvLYEs nv[yaLE nOAÉUlloa
nVLyóLav nVLyovLav nOAEunoa~E P. nOAÉ~a - be waging war
SnvLYE SnVLyav
nOAÉUlloEs nOAEunoaLE ) (sing.)
I drowned nOAÉUlloE nOA8WlOav nOAE~aLE- be waging war
P. S. I choked
nv[yn}ta nVLyn}ta~E (plo )
snvLEa nv[EaUE
nVLYll}tEs n\lLyn}taLE F. C. I shall be waging war P.S. nOAÉ~lloE - wage war
tnvLEEs nVLt;aLE
nVLYll}tE nVLYll}tav {Jo. nOAE~cJ 50. nOAE~oO~E / (sing.)
É:nvLEE tnvLEav
{Jo. nOAEwk {Jo. nOAE~áLE nOAE~nOLE - wage war
I shall be drowning {Jo. noAEUC~. 50. nOAEUoOV (p I.. )
F. C. I shall be choking
{Ja. nVLYw {Ja. nVLyo~E {Jo. nVLyouaL {Jo. nVLy6~aoLE
{Jd. nV[YEoaL {Jo. nvCYEoLE F. S. I shall wage war Infinitive
{Ja. nVLYELs {Ja. nVLYELE
{Jo. nv[youv {Jo. nVLYELaL {Jo. nVLyovLaL {Jo. nOAEUnOW {Ja. nOAE~nOO~E
{Jo. nVLYEL
{Jo. nOAEUnOELs {Ja. nOAEUnOELE
P.S. va nOAE~nOEL - to wage
I shall drown {Ja. nOAEUnOEL 50. nOAEUnOOuV
F. s. I shall choke war
{Ja. rrv L Ew {Ju. nVLt;OUE {Ja. nVLY~ {Jo. nVLy06~E
{Ja. nVLYEés {Jo. nVLYELLE Pr.P. ~ have waged war
{Jo. nVLt;ELs {Ja. nv[t;ELE
{Jo. nVLYEL {Jo. nVLYouv EXW nOAE~nOEL
{Jo. nVLEEL {Jo. nVLEouv
txw nVLYE~ - I have drowned P.P. E~xa nOAE~nOEL- I had waged war
Pr.P. Éxw nVLt;EL- I have choked
Participle
P.P. I had <.:hoked ECxa nVLYEL - I had drowned F.P. {Jo. dxw nOAE~nOEL- I shall have
waged war nOAE~VLaS - waging war
F.P. {Jo. ~xw nV[t;EL- I shall have {Jo. €XW nVLYEé- I shall have
choked drowned
Examples
SUBJUN(:TIVE ITOAEUOOUE yLa. LllV EAEU{JEpla. We fight for the freedom of our
P. nv£yw- that I may be choking nv[youaL- that I may be drowned Llls naLpLoas uas• country.
P. S. nvCÉw- th~t I may choke nVLyw-that I may be drowned OL 'EAAllVEs nOAE~lloav yLU t- The Greeks waged war a&ainst the
Pr.P. Éxw nVLt;EL- that I ~ay have ~XW rrv~YEt - that I may have ~La XPÓVLa LOUS Toup}tous yLa Turks for seven years in order
choked drowned VU anO}tLnooUV LllV EAEu{JEP[a to gain their freedom.
IMPERATIVE LOUS'
P. nvCyE - be choking (sing.) nVLyou - be drowning (sing.) IToAEW). vo, LOV nELoEL va Ull He is trying hard to persuade
nvCYELE- be choking (pl.) nVLyEOLE- be drowning (pI.) a~noEL Lll oOUAELa LOU. him not to leave his job.
P.S. nv[t;E - choke (sing.) nVLEou - drown (sing.) ITOAE~Ot)UE va. ~yáAO~E LO ~w- We work hard to earn our living.
nVCt;ELE - choke (pl.) nVLYELLE-drown (pl.) UL uas.
INFINITIVE
P. S. va nVLt;EL - to choke \Iu. nVLy~t - to drown
PARTICIPLE
nVLYOVLak - choking nVLyuÉV-Ok,-Il,-O - drowned -253-
(For examples see p. 278
-252-
I'
--------------~----------------------------------------~~
I.
nov~ (2,3) - to ache; to feel pain (1) - to water (on animals and plants); to irrigate;
to give to drink
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I ache Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
nov-oD]J.E,-d]J.E P. nov~ -that I may be P. I water I am being watered
novc0 I /
nOV-£Ll:-E,-6:.l:-E aching nOl:-L~W nOl:-L~O]J.E nOTL~o]J.aL nOTL~6]J.aOl:-E
nov-ELG,-o.G j
I I
novouV P.S. nov€ow - that I may ache nOl:-L~ELG nOl:-L~El:-E nOl:-L~EOaL nOl:-C~EOTE
nov-El,,-a.
nOl:-L~EL nOLL~ouV nOLL~El:-aL nOl:-L~OVl:-aL
I was aching Pr.P. txw nOV€OEL - that I may
P. C. have ached
nOVOUoo. nOVOUOo.]J.E P. C. I was watering I was being watered
nOVOUOEG nOVOUOo.l:-E n6l:-L~a nOl:-L~a]J.E nOl:-L~6]J.ouv nOl:-L~6]J.aOl:-E
I
novodOE novo\.JOo.v n6l:-L~EG nOl:-L~al:-E nOl:-L~ÓOOUV nOTL~6oaoLE
Imperative nÓTL~E n6l:-L~aV nOLL~6l:-av nOLL~OVl:-o.V
P. S. I ached
nOV€Oo.]J.E P. nÓva - n6vEL - be aching P. S. I watered I was watered
nÓVEOo. (sing.)
nÓvEoEG novtOo.l:-E nÓl:-LOo. nOl:-Loa]J.E nOl:-LOl:-nKa nOl:-LOTr]Ko.]J.E
nÓVEOo.v novdTE - nOVELl:-E - be n6l:-LOEG nOl:-LOal:-E nOl:-LOTnKEG nOT LOl:-nKal:-E
n6vEoE aching (pl.) n6l:-LOE nÓl:-LOaV nOl:LOl:-nKE nOl:-LOTnKav
P. S. n6vEoE - ache (sing.)
F. C. I shall be aching .1
{la novŵ &0. novou]J.E
I
F.C. I shall be watering I shall be watered
&0. nOVo.l:-E nOV€Ol:-E - ache (pl.) &0. nOl:-L~W &0. nOl:-L~o]J.E &0. nOl:-L~O]J.aL &0. nOl:-L~Ó]J.aOl:-E
{la nov6.G I
/
&0. nova &0. novouv &0. nOl:-L~ELG aa. nOl:-C~El:-E &0. ~Ol:-L~EOaL &0. nOTL~EOl:E
&0. nOl:-L~EL &0. nOl:-L~OUV &0. nOl:-C~ETaL &0. nOl:-L~OVl:aL
Infinitive
F. S. I shall ache
&0. nov tow &0. nOV€Oo]J.E P. S. va novtoEL - to ache F. S. I shall water I shall be watered
{la novtoELG &0. novtoEl:-E &0. nOl:-LOW &0. rrOl:-Loo]J.E &0. nOl:-LOl:-W &0. nOl:-LOl:-OU]J.E
&d novtoEL &0. novtoouv &0. nOl:-LOELG &0. nOl:-LOEl:-E &0. nOl:-LOl:-E(G &0. nOl:-Lol:-£lrE
&0. nOl:-LOEL &0. nOl:-LOOUV &0. nOl:-LOl:-E~ &0. nOl:-LOl:-OUV
Pr.P. I have ached
txw nOV€OEL Pr.P. ~xw nOl:-LOEL- I have watered ~xw nOl:-LOl:-Ei- I have been wa
Participle tered
P.P. ELXo. novÉoEL - I had ached P.P. ELxa nOl:-COEL- I had watered E(Xo. nOl:-LOl:-EL- I had been wa
nOVWVl:-aG - aching tered
F.P. {la ~xw novtoEL- I shall have F.P. &0. ~xw rrOl:-LOEL- I shall have &0. fxw nOl:-LOl:-EL - I shall have
ached Passive Participle watered been watered
nOVE]J.tv-OG,-n,-o- one
who has been in pain,
one who has suffered SUBJUNCTIVE
P. nOl:-L~W- that I may be nOl:-L~O]J.o.L- that I may be
watering watered
Examples: P. S. nOl:-Cow- that I may water nOl:-Lol:-6-that I may be watered
I had a headache. Pr.P. Éxw nOl:-LOEL - that I may have txw nOl:-LOl:-EL- that.I may have
ME novODOE l:-O KE~âXL ]J.OU. watered been watered
novill l:-a ]J.aTLa ]J.OU. My eyes bother me.
I had a heart ache (trouble). IMPERATIVE
ME nÓvEOE n Kap6La ]J.ou. P. nÓTL~E- be watering (sing.) nOl:-L~OU- be watered (sing.)
MS nÓvEoE n Kap6Lá ]J.ou óTav I felt a pain in my heart when
I saw his condition. nOTL~El:-E- be watering (pl.) nOl:-L~EOl:-E - be watered (pl.)
s~6a LnV Kal:-âoTaOn l:-OU. P. S. n6TLoE - water (sing.) nOTLoou - be watered (sing.)
Tov n6vEoE n KapôLá ]J.ou. I felt sorry for him.
nOl:-LOl:-E - water (pl.) nOl:-LOl:-ELl:-E - be watered (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va nOl:-LOEL - to water va nOTLOTE{ - to be watered
PARTICIPLE
nOTL~OVl:-aG - watering nOl:-LO]J.€V-OG,-n,-o - watered
-254- (For examples see P. 279)
-255-
\
npaOLVLkW (1) - to become green; to be verdant
nOUAW and nWAw (2) - to sell
Passive Voice, Indicative Indicative Subjunctive
",A:_:c:_t=-:L::c'v_____;oe_V_o_:Lc_· _c_e, Ind i cat i v e P. I become green
P. I sell I am being sold, I am sold
nouALtj.LaL nOUALÓj.LaOTE npaoLvL~W npaOLVL~Oj.LE P. npaOLvL~w - .t h a t I may
nouAw nOUAOÓj.LE
nouAL~oaL nouAL€oTE npaOLVL~ELG npaoLvL~ETE be becomQng green
nouAa.G nouAcibE
nouAL~TaL nouALouvTaL npaOLVL~EL npaoLvL~oUV P.S. npaoLvLow - that I may
nouA<i nouAo0v
become green
I was being sold P.C. I was becoming green Pr.P. €XW npaoLvLoEL- that I
P. C. I was selling npaoLVL~a npaOLVL~aj.LE
nouAouoa nOUAOuOaj.LE nouALÓj.LOUV nOUALÔj.LaOTE may have become
nouALôoOUV nouALôoaoTE npaoLvL~EG npaoLvL~aTE green
nouAoÓoEG nouAouoaTE
nouALóTav nouALóVTav npaoLvL~E npaoLvL~av
nouAouoE nouAouoav
Imperative
I was sold P. S. I became green
P. S. I sold npaoLvLoa npaOLVLOaj.LE
nOuAnOaj.LE nouAn&nxa nouAn&nXaj.LE P. npaoCvL~E - be becoming
nouAnoa npaoLvLoEG npaoLvLoaTE
nouAnoaTE nouAn&nXEG nouAn&nxaTE green(sing.)
nouAnOEG npaoLvLoE npaoLvLoav
nouAnoav nouAn&nXE nouAn&nxav npaoLvL~ETE - be becoming
nouAnOE
green (pl.)
I shall be sold F.C. I shall be becoming green P.S. npaoLvLoE- become green
F.C. I shall be selling I
&0. npaoLvL~w &a. rrpaOLVL~Oj.LE
aa. rtouxouue &0. nouALEj.LaL aa. nOuALôj.LaOTE (sing.)
&0. nouA<.6
&0. nouAL~oaL &0. rrouALEoTE &0. npaoLvL~ELG aa. npaoLvL~ETE npaOLvLOTE - become green
&0. nouAciG &0. rrouAá.TE
&0. nouAá. &0. nouAouv &0. nouAL~TaL &0. nouALoóvTaL &a npaoLvL~EL &0. rrpaoLvL~oUV Cp L, )
INFINITIVE
Va. nouAnOEL- to sell va nouAn&E~ - to be sold
P. S.
PARTICIPLE
nOUAnj.L~V-OG,-n,-o - sold
...
npO€LOOnOL~ (3) - to warn; to forwarn; to caution
npÉn€L - (an impersonal verb)- must; should; ought
Active Voice, Indicative
P. I warn
P. npÉn€L - must npO€LOOnOL~ npO€LOOnoLo(l~€
npO€LOOnOL€Cs npO€LOOnOL€L,;€
npO€LOOnOL€L npO€LOOnOLoDv
P. c. &
P.S. ~~p€n€ - should, ought P. c. I was warning
npO€LOOnOLOÓoa npO€LOOnOLOUOa~€
F. c. & npO€LOOnOLUUO€s npO€LOOnOLOUOa,;€
F.S. 30. npÉn€L - must npO€LOOnOL000€ npO€LOOnOLouoav
P. S. I warned
Examples: npO€LOOnOLnoa npO€LOOnOLnOa~€
npO€LOOnOLnO€s npO€LOOnoLnoa-c€
ITptn€L va ypá~w tva ypa~~a I must write a letter to my npO€LOOnOLnO€ npO€LOOnOLnoav
a,;ov <PLAO ~ou. friend.
ITp€n€L va ná~€ o,;nv ayopa We must go to the market F. c. I shall be warning
oriucpc , . today. 30. npO€LOOnOLw 30. npO€LOOnOLOÓ~€
'Enp€n€ va noouv tow x';€s: You should have been here 30. npO€LOOnOL€Ls 30. npO€LOOnOL€~T€
yesterday! 3d. npO€LOOnOL€L 30. npO€LOOnOLouv
eO. np~n€L va nAnpWO€';€ óAa You must pay all your bills.
';0.xp~n oas· F. S. I shall warn
To naLoL nPEn€L va ';PWY€L The child should eat his 30. npO€LOOnOLnoW 30. npO€LOOnOL~OO~€
';0 <puyn,;o ,;ou. food. 30. npO€LOOnOLnO€Ls 30. npO€LOOnOLnO€';€
~€V npÉn€L va AtyO~€ ~E- We must not tell lies. 3u npO€LOOnOLnO€L 3d. npO€LOOnOLnaouv
~a,;a. .
ITpEn€L va ayaná~€ axo~a We must even love our enemy. Pr.P. ~xw npO€LOOnOLnO€L- I have warned
xaL ,;ous EX3pous ~as. tX€Ls npO€LOOnOLnO€L
etc.
Impeative
P. npO€LOOnOL€L be warning (sing.)
npO€LOOnOL€L';€ - be warning (pl.)
P. S. npO€LOOnOC~o€ - warn (sing.)
npO€LOOnOLnO';€ - warn (plo)
Infinitive
P. va npO€LOOnOL€( - to be warning
P. S. va npO€LOOnOLnO€L - to warn
Participle
npO€LOOnOLwv,;as- warning
\
1':
P. S. I was warned
npoELBonoLr1ônXa npOELBonOLnônxa~E
npoELBonoLr1ÔnXE~ npoELBonoLnÔnXa1:E Examples:
npoELBonoLT'!ôllxE npoELBonoLT'!ôllxav
llEpe TCVO~ nOÓXELTaL; What is the matter?
F. C. I shall be warned llpÓXEL1:aL ,YLa Ta AE~Tá nou It is about the money you owe
ôa npoELBonOLOU"fJ.aL ôo. rtpoELBonOLOu"fJ.a01:E "fJ.OU xpwaTa~. me.
ôa npoELBonoLE~oaL ôa npoELBonOLE~01:E llpÓXELTaL yLa Éva onouBato It is about a very important
ôa npOELBonOLECTaL ôa npoELBonOLOOV1:aL !:nTn"fJ.a. matter.
'EnpÓXELTO va ÉpÔEL On"fJ.EPa He was about to come today, but
F. S. I shall be warned aAAá BEV r)'PÔE. he did not come.
ôa npoELBonOLllô~ ôa npOELBonoLnôoJ~E TL npÓXELTaL va XáVEL~; What are you going to do?
ôa npoELBonoLnôE(~ ôa npoELBonOLnÔEé1:E To unouPYLxÓ OU"fJ.~OUALO ou The cabinet council is meeting;
ôa npOELBonOLnÔEL ôo. npOELBonoLnÔOÓV vEBpLá!:EL, llpÓxELTaL va ná they are about to take important
PEL onouBaéE~ ano~oEL~. decisions.
Pr.P. I have been warned
sxw npoELBonoLnÔEL
Subjunctive
IMPERATIVE
P. S. npOELBonoLT'!oou- be warned (sing.)
npoELBonOLllôEtTE - be warned (pl.)
Infinitive
P. va npOELBonoLEtTaL - to be warned
P. S. va npOELBonOLnôE~ - to be warned
Participle
npOELBonoLll"fJ.Év-o~,-n,-o - warned, forwarned
-261-
(For examples see p. 279)
-26U-
npoE€vŵ (3) - to cause; to bring about npoo€uxo]J.CU (4, a deponent verb) -I pray
Indicative'-' Subjunctive
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I cause P. I pray
npoE€vt0 npo[;€votlU€ P. npo[;€vw - that I may be
npooEl)xojJ.a~ npoo€uxójJ.ao1:€ P. npoo€Jxoua~-that I may
npoE€v€C(;; npo[;€V€L1:€ causing
npOO€UXEOaL npoo€uX€01:€ be praying
npo[;€V€L npo[;€V01SV P.S. npo[;€VnOW - that I may
npOO€UXE1:a~ npoOElJXOV1:aL P.S. npoo€Uxn{Jw - that I may
cause
P.C. I was causing Pr.P. fxw npo[;€vnO€~- that I P.C. p~ay
I was praying Pr.P. txw npoo€UXn{J€L -that I
npo[;€vo6oa npo[;€vouoajJ.€ may have caused
npoo€UXójJ.ouv npOo€uxójJ.a01:€
npo[;€VOUO€(;; npo[;€vouoa1:€ may have prayed
npoo€UXÓOOUv npoo€uXÓoao1:€
npo[;€VODO€ npo[;€vouoav npoo€UXÓ1:av npoo€uxov1:av
P. S. I caused Imperative P. S. I prayed
npo[;Évnoa npo[;€vnoajJ.€ npoo€uxn{Jnua npoo€uxn{JnuajJ.€
npo[;ÉvnO€(;; npo[;€vnoa1:€ P. npo[;ÉV€L - npo[;Ëva - P. npoo€uxOU - be praying
npoo€Uxn{Jnu€(;; npoOEuxn{JnUa1:€ (sing.)
npo[;ÉvnO€ npo[;Évnoav be causing (sing.)
npooEUXn{JnU€ npoOEuxn{Jnuav npOOEUX&01:€- be pray
npo[;€v€L1:€ - npo[;€vá1:€
I shall be causing be causing (pl.) ing (pl.)
F. C. t
F. C. I shall be praying
{Jo. npo[;€vcD {Jo. npoE€vo'}U€ P.S. npo[;evnO€ - cause (sing.) P.S. npoo€Uxn{Jou - pray
{Jo. npoo€UxojJ.aL {Jo. ~POo€uxójJ.ao1:€ (sing.)
{Jo. npo[;EV€C(;; {Jo. npo[;€v€~1:€ {Jo. npOo€ux€oa~ {Jo. ~POO€UXE01:€
{Jo. npo[;€vd {Jo. npo[;€VOUV npo[;€V€L01:E - cause (pl.) npoO€UXn{JEL1:€ - pray
{Jo. npoo€UX€1:aL {Jo. npOO€UXOV1:aL (p L, )
F. S. I shall cause F. S. I shall pray
{Jo. npo[;€vnOOU€ Infinitive Infinitive
{Jo. npo[;€VnOW {Jo. npOO€Uxn{Jw {Jo. npoo€Uxn{JOl>jJ.€
{Jo. npo[;€VnO€L(;; {Jo. npoE€vno€1:€ P.S. va npo[;€VnO€L {Jo. npoo€UXn{J€L(;; {Jo. npoo€uxn{J€L1:€
{Jo. npoEEvnoEL {Jo. npOf;€VnOOUV to cause {Jo. npoo€uxn{J€L P.S. va npoo€Uxn{J€L - to
{Jo. npoo€Uxn{Jouv
pray
Pr.P. txw npo[;€VnO€L - I have caused Pr.P. I have prayed
Éxw npoo€UXn{J€L
P. P. €~xa npo[;€vnO€~ - I had caused
P. P. €Lxa npoo€Uxn{J€£- I had prayed
F.P. {Jo. ixw npo[;€VnO€L- I shall have Participle
caused npoO€UxÓjJ.EV-O(;;,-n,-o
F.P. {Jo. Éxw npoo€UXn{J€L- I shall have praying
prayed
* In the passive voice only the third person, singular and plural
is common:
7
_ to pay attention; to be attentive npOOXUAW (3) - to invite; to call
npOO€XW (1)
Active Voice, ,Lndicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Indicative Subjunctive P. I invite
I pay attention I am being invited, I am invited
P. P. npooEXw - that I may be pay- npooxa.Au) npooxa.AoÓUE npooxaA06)..La.L npooxaAouUa.oTE
npooÉXw npOO€XOUE
ing attention npoOlwA.d ~ npoOXa.AE t 'r e npooxaAELoa.L npooxa.AELo.E
npOO€XELs npooEXE.E npooxa.AEL npooxUAOUV
npOOEXEL npoOEXOUV P.S. npooÉEw - that I may pay npOOXo,AEL.aL npooxaAoÓv.aL
attention
P. G. I was inviting
P. G. I was paying attention Pr.P. txw npooÉEEL - that I may npooxa.AOUOa.
I was being invited
have paid attention npooxuAOUOa.)..LE npoOXaAOU)..LOUV npooxaAouuaOTE
npoOEXa. npooExa.UE npooxa.AOUOEs npooxa.AoUOa..E npOOXo,AOUOOUV npooxaAoóoao.E
npoOEXEs npOO€Xa..E npooxa.AOÓOE npooxa.AOtlOa.V npoOXaA.06VTaV npooxaAouVTav
npoOEXE npÓOEXa.V
Imperative
P. S. I invited
I paid attention I was invited
P. S. npooxáAEOa. npooxa.A€Oa.UE
npooEEa. npOO€EaUE P. npOOEXE - be paying npooxAn5Tlxa npOOXATl5nXaUE
attention (sing.) npooxáAEOEs npooxa.AÉOa..E npooxAn5TlXEs
npóoEEEs npOO€EaTE npooxATl5nx.aTE
npOO€XE.E - be paying npooxáAEOE npooxá.AEOo,V npooxAn5TlXE npooxAn{JTlxav
npooEEE npóoEEav
attention (pl.)
P.S. npooEEE- pay attention F.G. I shall be inviting I shall be invited
F.G. I shall be paying attention
(sing.) 5u. npooxa.Au) . 50. npOOXo,AmiJ)..LE 00. npooxaAov~aoTs
5a. npoo€Xw {Ja. npOOEXO)..LE
npootETE - pay attention 50. npooxa.AE~s 5a. npOOXo,AE[.E 00. npooxaAsLoTE
50. npOO€XELs 5u. npooEXE.E
(plo ) 5a. npooxa.AEL 50. npOOxo,AOUV 00. npooxaAOVVTaG
5a. npooÉXEL {Ja. npooÉxoUV
Infinitive
F. S. I shall invite
I shall pay attention I shall be invited
F. S. P. S. Va. npOO€EEL- to pay 5d. npooxa.AÉOW 50. npooxo,A.€OO)..LE
{Jo. npoo€Ew 50. npOO€EOUE attention 50. npooxATl5uS I 5a. npooxATl50.oUE
5a. npooxa.A€OELs 50. npOOXaA€OE.E {Jo. npOOXATl{JELs 50. npOOXATl{JE(TE
50. npooEEELs 50. npOO€EE.e 50. npooxa.A.€OEL 50. npooxaAÉoouv
50. npOO€EEL 5a. npoo€Eouv (Jo. npOOXATl{JEL 5d. npooxATl50uv
Pr.P. I have invited I have been invited
Pr.P. €XW npOO€EEL - I have paid Éxw npooxa.AÉOEL
attention ParticiFle Éxw npooxATl5EL
P.P. ELxa npOO€EEL - I had ~aid P.P. E~Xo, npooxaAÉoEL - I had invited
attent1.on npooÉXOVTa.s - paying E{xa npooxATl5E~ - I had been
attention invited
F.P. {Jo. €XW npooEEEL - I shall F.P. 50. ixw npooxa.A€OEL- I shall have
have paid attention Passive Participle 5d. Éxw npooxATl5Et - I shall
invited have been invited
npoosYU€V-Os,-Tl,-O - one
to whom attention
has been paid
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. npooxa.A~ - that I may be npoOXaAO~)..LaL- that I may be
Examples: inviting invited /vited
P. S. npooxaAÉow - that I may invite
The student does not pay attention ~POOXATl{J~- that I may be in
o ua{JTlTns 6EV npOO€XEL OTO Pr.P. 8XW npooxaAÉoEL- that I may have ËXw npooxATl5EC- that I may
wi5Tl)..La. to the lesson. invited
I did net see him. have been invited
ÂEV TOV npóoEEa. IMPERATIVE
Na. npOO€XELs TTl 60UAELa Look after your job so that you P. npooxáAEL - be inviting (sing.)
OOU y La. vo, )..LTl Tll XaOE L s· do not lose it. npooxa.AELTE - be inviting (pl.)
He does not take care of his things. P. S. /vited(sing.)
ÂEV npOOEXEL Ta. npó.ua.Tá npOOXó.AEOE - invite (sing.) npooxA.f\50u - npooxa.A€OOU be in
TOU. npooxaAÉOTE- invite (pl.) npooxATl5sLTE - be invited(pl.)
TIPOOEXE xá.noLous ana TOUs Beware of some of your friends.
(j)CAOUs OOU. INFINITIVE
TIPÓOEXE TL AEs. Watch out for what you say. (Watch P.S. I
va npooxa.A€OSL- to invite va npOOXATl{JEL - to be invited
your language).
. I
Tov npooEEa. EV~ nEpvouoa. I noticed him while I was passing
PARTICIPLE
UE TO aUToxCvnTO. by in my car.
npooxa.AWVTas - inviting nPOOXEXATlU€V-Os,-Tl,-O-invited
-265- (For examples see p. 279)
-264-
,
npoa~tp~ - (1) to offer npO.L~~ (2) - to prefer; to like better
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. TIpoa~Épw - that I may be offer- npoa~tpo~aL- that I may be SUBJUNCTIVE
ing offered P. npO.LUw - that I may be pre- noo.LULtuaL- that I may be pre
TIPoa~Épw - that I may offer npoa~EP,sw - that I may be offered ferring
P. S. ferred Ired
Éxw npoa~ÉpEL- that I may have €XW TIPOa~EP,sEL -that I may have P. S. npOl:"LUnaW- that I may prefer
Pr.P. TIpO.LUn&W- that I may be prefer-
offered been offered Pr.P. Éxw npo.LUnaEL- that I may have 8XW TIpO.L~n&E~- that I may have
IMPERATIVE . preferred been preferred
. ) npoa~Épou - be offered (slng.) IMPERATIVE
P. TIp60~EPE- be offering. (slng. TI OaQÉpEa.E _ be offered (pl.) P. npOl:"Cua- be preferring(sing.)
TIpOa~ÉPE.E - be off:rlng( ~Pl.» nPpoa~Ëp,sou _ be offered (sing.)
P.S. 6amEpE - be offerlng slng. I ff d ( 1 ) npo.L~á.E- be preferring (pl.)
TIp '¥ • (1) TIPOa~Ep,sEL.E - be o ere p. P. S. npo.~UT]aE- prefer (sing.)
TIpOa~ÉpE.E- be offerlng p. npO.Lunaou - be preferred (sing.)
npO.L~na.E - prefer (pl.) npo.Lun&EL.E-be preferred (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P.S. va TIpOa~ËPEL - to offel va npoa~EP,sEL - to be offered INFINITIVE
P. S. va npo.LUnaEL- to prefer vu. TIPO.LUn,sEL-to be preferred
PARTICIPLE
npoa~Épov.aG - offering npoa~EP~Ëv-ob,-n,-O- offered PARTICIPLE
(For examples see p. 280) npOl:"Luwv.a{; - preferring npO.LUT]Utv-OG,-n-O - preferred
-266- (For examples see p. 280)
-'267-
to catch up npoxwpw (2,3) - to go forward; to advance; to go ahead
n.po<.p-ca.CV~ (1) - to overtake;
Passive Voice, Irtdicative* Indicative Subjunctive
Active Voice, Indicative P. I advance
I am being overtaken
P. I overtake n.PO<.p"t"a.LVO~a.L n.PO<.p"t"a.LVO~a.O"t"€ npoxwpili npoxwp-ou~E,-d~E P.
npo<.p"t"a~vo~€ npoxwp~ - that I may be
n.PO<.p"t"a.LVW n.po<.p"t"a.~V€Oa.L n.pO<.p"t"a.~VEO"t"€ npOXWp-E((;;,-d.(;; npoxwp-EL"t"€,-&"t"€ advancing
n.po<.p"t"a.~V€L~ npo<.p"t"a~v€"t"€
npo<.p-ca.LVOUV n.PO<.p"t"a.LV€"t"aL n.po<.p"t"a~vov"t"a.L npOxwp-El, ,u. npoXwpouv P.S. npoxwpnow - that I may
n.PO<.p"t"a.LV€L
P.C. advance
I was advancing Pr.P. £xw npo XWP'lO€L
~
I was overtaking - that I
P. C. npo<.p"t"aLVó~ouV n.po<!l"t"aLvó~a.O"t"€ npoxwpouoa npoxwpOUoa~€
npó<.p"t"a.LVa. npo<.p"t"a.Cva~E have advanced
npo<.p"t"aLVooouV n.po<.p"t"aLvóoaO"t"€ npoxwpo(JO€(;; npoxwpouoa"t"E
npo<.p"t"a.LVE(;; npo<.p"t"aCva"t"€ npOqnaLvov"t"av npoxwpOUO€ n.POxwp000av
n"t"o<.p"t"a.LV€ npo<.p"t"aLva.v npo<.p"t"a.Lvo"t"av
Imperative
P. S. I advanced
P. S. I ovetook *The past simple tense is not npOXŵPTloa. nPOXWPnOa.~E P.
npo<.p-có'oa~€ npoxŵpa-npoXWPEL - be
n.po<.p"t"a.oa. npOxŵPTlO€(;; npoXWpnOa.TE
npo<.p"t"a.oa"t"E common. adv~ncing (sing.)
npó<il"t"aOE~ npOxwPllO€ npOxŵPTloav
npó<.p"t"a.oav npoxwPEL"t"E-npoxwpá"t"£ -be
npó(jnaOE
advancing (pl.)
F. C. I shall be advancing
F. C. I shall be overtaking 3a. npo<.p"t"aCvo~a.L {;ta. npoQ"t"a.Lvó~ao"t"E {;ta. npoxwp-.ô {;ta. npoxwpoU~E
{;ta n.po<.p-caCvw {;ta npo<.pTaCvo~E P.S. npOXWPTlOE - advance
30. npo<.p-ca.~V€Oa.L {;ta npo<.p"t"a.~V€O"t"E {;ta. npOXwPEL(;; {;ta. npOXWPE.:LTE
{;ta npo<.pTa.LVELG 3a. npo<.pTa~vETE (sing.)
30. npo<.p"t"a~V€"t"aL 30. npo<.pTa.LVOV-ca.L {;ta. npoxwp€~ {;ta npoxwpouv
{;ta npo<.pTaLVEL {;ta npo<.pTaLvouv npoxwP~OTE - advance
(p L, )
F. S. I shall advance
F. S. I shall overtake *The remaining tenses of the {;ta npoxwpnow {;ta. npoxWpnoo~E
{;ta. n.po<.p"t"ó'ow 30. npo<.pTa.oO~E {;ta nPOXWpnOEI,(;;
passive voice are not common. {;ta nPOXWpnOETE Infinitive
{;ta. n.pO<.p"t"a.OELG 3a. npo<.pTa.OETE {;ta. nPOXWpnOEL {;ta npoxwpnoouv
{;ta npo<.pTó'OEL 3a. npo<.pTa.oOUV P.S. va npoxWpnOEL- to
Pr.P. ~xw npoXWpnOEL- I have advanced advance
Pr.P. txw npo<.pTó'oEL - I have over
taken P. P. ELXa. npoxwp~OEL- I had
'I advanced
P.P. ELxa npo<.pTó'OEL- I had over
taken F.P. {;td Éxw npoXWpnOEL- I shall have
F.P. {;ta. EXW npo<.pTó'OEL- I shall advanced
have overtaken Participle
npoxwPWVTa.(;; -advancing
SUBJUNCTIVE
npo<.p"t"ó'vw - that I may be-over-----TIpo<.pTa.Cvo~a.L- that I may be Examples:
P. taking overtaken
P. S. n.po<.p"t"a.ow - that I may overtake AUTn Tl BOUAE I,á BEV il:POXWPE ~ This JO ob lS
° not progressing
Pr.P. txw npo<!l"t"áOEL- that I may have lta{;tóAou. a tall.
overtaken rr~oxwpnO~~E ~ÉXPL TO Bó,oo(;;, We advanced as far as the f
IMPERATIVE V~ltTWOE O~W(;; XaL YUPLOa.UE but °t orest
npó<.p~a.LVE- be overtaking (sing.) npo<.p-có,vou - be overtaken (sing.) 1 got dark and we had to
nLOW. turn. re-
P. npo<.p"t"qLV€"t"E- be overtaking (pl.) npOqna.vEo"t"E - be overtaken (pl.) rrÓOo npOXWPTlOE(;; aTa. EAATlVLltó'; ~ow much have you progressed
P. S. npó<.p"t"aoE - overtake (sing.) ln Greek?
npo<.p"t"ó'O"t"E- overtake (plo) Ta. ~a{;tn~a.Ta npoxwpoóv Llta.VO The lessons are progressing
no L n r L ltd. satisfactorily.
INFINITIVE
P. S. va npo<.p-có'O€L- to overtak-e---------
PARTICIPLE
npo<.p"t"ó'vOVTa(;; - overtakin-g------- (For examples see p. 280)
- 268- -269-
,
II~lPVW TO, IlÉpoS' TaU <J' aun] Tllv unó8E<Jll. I support him on this matter.
Examples of uses of verbs beginning "ith II: IIllpa Ta E~lTIAa TOlS' IlETllPTotS'. I bought t~e furniture with cash.
D.E llaS' nalpVEl TO SWlláno. The ~oom IS not big enough for us.
naL6EUW D.EV mjpE ypállllaTa.
The teachers educate the children. He dI~ not receive any letters.
OL 6aOKaAOL naL6EUOUV La naL6Lá. To miPE nOAu anávw TaU. He thinks a lot of himself
They have been educated abroad.
'EXOUV naL6EULEL OLO EEwLEpLKÓ. IIrjpE TO lluaAó TaU aÉpa. He is conceited. .
This child tortures me.
AULÓ LO naL6e ~E naL6EUEL. D.E llaS' nrj~E KaAá II <pWToypaqnKrj IlllXavrj. The camera did not take our picture well.
My fate tortures me.
H ~oepa ~OU ~~ naL6EUEL. ,D.E llaS' nalpvEl o KalpóS'. We do not have enough time.
O<Jo natpVEl TO Ilán. As far as the eye can see.
IIrjpa TO j3anópl, TO TpE'VO, TO aEponAávo. I t?ok (boarded) the boat, the train, the ai lane
IIatpvw AÓyla. I listen to gossip. rp .
The kitten plays with the dog. '
II llPE ,
KaTa r« Ilána TaU.
TO yaLáKL naCk;EL WO: LO OKUAáKL. He disappeared.
The children play soccer on the fi- Tov nrjpE TO Ilán llau.
Ta naL6Lá naCk;ouV n0600qxupo I saw him by chance momentarily
OLO yu~vaoLnpLO. eld. Tov rrripc TO aUTt llau. I heard him (by chance). . .
The final game will be played to- Tov mjpa <JTO Aawó llau.
To 1:EALKO naLxvC6L {la. naV)(1:E ~ I dragged him down myself. (I am
morrow.
a0pLO. What are they showing at the movie responsible for his downfall.)
TL naCk;EL O KLVn~a1:oypa~ob ME nrjpE TO napánovo. I felt like crying.
to night?
anót!JEi In summer many ancient plays are II~pE Illa ÓIlOP<Pll yuvalKa. He married a beautiful woman.
~Lnv EnC6auPO;1:0 KaAOKaCPL presented at the Epidauros theater. IIllPE TO StnAwllá TaU.
naCk;OV1:aL apxaLa 6pa~a1:a. He received his diploma.
Andrew is playing the principal role ITrjPE TOV KaAó (KaKó) Spój.l.o. He followed the good (bad) road.
O AV1:ptab naCk;EL 1:0V POAO Tov mjpa anó rrtoto.
in this play. I followed him.
1:0U npW1:aYWVL01:n a' aU1:0 LO IIrjpE Ta j3ouvá.
6pá~a. He took to the hills. (He rejected society)
(He plays us on his fingers): He
Mab naCk;EL 01:0. 6áK1:UAá 1:0U. manipulates us as he likes.
You must know that I do not fool naVTpF15w - navTpEuoual
around. (I mean business).
He plays his role well.
naek;EL 1:0V PÓAO 1:0U xaAa. O ,<PlAOS' llau navTpEUTllKE XTES'. My friend :vas married yesterday.
IIaVTpE<.jJE Kal TlS' Suo TaU KÓpES' IlÉ<Ja He gave hIS two daughters into
<J' Éva Xpóvo. marriage in one year's time.
naCpvw IIÓTE 8a navTpEuTElTE' Wh~n are you getting married?
I take my book from the table. ,Elval navTpEIlÉVOS'. E{val navTpEIlÉVll He IS married. She is married
naLPVW 1:0 ~L~AeO ~ou uno 1:0 EXEl navTpEUTEt Éva' AyyAO. .
1:pantk;L. She is married to an English~an.
We received your letter today. IIavTpEuTllKav Suo XPÓVla rrpu: They ~ere marr_ied two years ago.
nnpa~E 1:0 ypa~~a oab on~Epa. The hurricane swept away many houses.
H xa1:aLye6a nnpE nOAAa One1:La. TauS' návTpE<.jJE o nanáS' o rnv ·EKKAllo{a. The pnest married them in the church.
I recovered my money.
nnpa nLow 1:0. AE~1:á ~OU. We followed him closely to find out
Tov nnpa~E ana xov1:a va 60U~E napayyÉAvw
where he goes and what he does.
nou nnyaLvEL KaL LL KaVEL. What is your salary per month? How
noaa naCpVELG 1:ÓV ~nva; much you receive per month? Tl KpÉaS' 8a napayyEtAElS'; What kind of meat will you order?
The wind blew away my hat. Tl llaS' napáyyElAaV; What did they order? Or What did they order
O dVE~Ob nnPE 1:0 xanEAAo ~OU. The devil may take him. (curse) us to do?
Na. LOV napEL o 6Lá~oAob' A Greek poet received the Nobel prize Tl napayyÉAVEl O (JTpaTllYÓS'
/EvaG 'EAAnvaG nOLnLnG nT1PE What does the general order his soldiers to do?
this year. <JTOUS' <JTpanŴTES' TOU'
~t1:oG 1:0 ~pa~ELO Nó~nEA. lló o« AI~lt-'I\la
A'" '
Take. EXOUV napayyEA8Et' How many book have been ordered?
nápE. náp1:E. (Take the one and hit him on the other):
nápE HW eva KaL X1:una 1:0V OLOV IIó<Ja j3lj3Ala ÉXETE napayyEtAEl; How ~an~ books have you ordered?
Both are good-far-nothing. IIOlOS' 8a napaYyEtAEl;
Ó.AAO. Who IS going to do the ordering?
They put him in jail.
Tov nTlpav ~Eoa. (He was taken by Charon): He died.
Tov nnpE O xapob' (The river washed him away): He is ruined
Tov nnpE 1:0 nOLá~L. The city was taken by the enemy.
H nÓAn náp{lnKE anD LÓv Ex3pó. They were married. (f'laria and George). - 271 -
náp-5nKav• ( O r Lu.)PYOG KaL II
MapCa. ) I mistook him for Costas.
Tov nnpa yLa 1:0V KWa1:a. I myself took the responsibility for
nnpa anávw ~OU Lnv 60uAELa.
this job.
-270-
,
napmWAOU{:}W
~€V unop~ va napaKOAou&nOW I cannot follow this speaker. ME: náLT)oE OLO nOÔL.
He stepped on my foot.
cco róv LOv OULAT)Ln. ITPOOEXE nou naLci~.
We follow his movementsfrom afar. Watch where you are stepping.
TIapaxoAov0ovus "tL~ KLvnOSL~ To naLôe naLn&T)KE: a.no Éva
aULOKLvn"tO. The child was hit by a car.
"tOU anó uaKPuá..
Tov napaKOAou&noaUE qno KOV- We followed him closely and we saw O EX&pO~ naLnOE LO ÉÔa.~O~
where he went. The enemy invaded our soil.
"tá. KaL EtôaUE nou nnYE. ua~.
ITapaKOAOU&OUUE ua&nua"ta UOU We take music lessons at the college. ea. naLnow nOÔL KaL au ró ÔE
aa. yLVE:L. I will put my foot down so that this
OLKn~ OLO KOAAÉYLO. will not happen.
ITnyaUE: O"tov XOPó a.AAa T)Lav
We went to the dance but it was very
"naLEL~ UE: na1"Ŵ aE:". crowded.
I
napaLT)pw To XOP"tapL ÉXEL naLT)&E~ YL
The grass has been trampled down;
au"tó ÔE UEya.AWVE:L.
ITapaLT)pnoa.UE iva ~LVOUEVO We observed a phenomenon in the for this reason it cannot grow.
o t ov ouocvó . , sky. le
'EXOUE napa"tT)pnOEL ÓLL nOAAOL We have noticed that many peop
áv&pwnOL naoxouv ap&PL"tLKa. suffer from arthritis.
ITapa.LnpT)OE "tOU~ a&An"tÉ~ nooo Look at the athletes how hard they ITalj!E va. ULAá.~.
train. Stop talking.
OKAT)pa yuuva~OVLaL. 'Enalj!E va. avanvEEL.
The professor remarked that the He stopped breathing.
O Ka.&T)YT)Ln~ napa"tnpnOE ó"t; M~ Énalj!av ana LT) ÔOUAELa UOU. They fired me from my work.
T) OULAea LOU ua.&T)"tn n"ta.v ouv- student's speech was short. Ta. OXOAELa. nauouv aE LPEL~ un The schools close jn three months
Loun· VE~. time.
ITa.U"tnKE YLa"tL ÉKAElj!E AE~La a.-
He was fired because he stole money from
nó "tT)v LPá.nE~a nou EPya~óLav. the bank in which he was working.
napÉXw ~€V naUEL OÓLE OLLYUn.
He does not stop, not even one moment.
O na"tspa.~ UOU napÉXEL "to. Us- My father provides me with the means
aa. vo; onouôá.ow. • to study. (to go to school) . nELpá.h;w
eO. "tOU napá.oxw Eyyunon KaL £ I will post bond and thus he w111
LOL &a. UELVEL EAEU&EPO~. stay free. ME: nELpá.~EL.
We offer help to the poor people. He bothers me.
ITapÉxoUE ~on&ELa O"tOU~ ~"tw ~E:V nELpá.~EL. It does not matter.
XOU~ Aaou~. TL aE: nELpa!;:ELi What bothers you?
eO. napaOXE&EL ~on&ELa .D"tOV Help will be offered to the poor stu
Ta. AÓYLa LOU UE nELPa.!;a.V. His words bothered me.
~"twxó ~oL"tT)Ln. dent. M~ nELpá.~EL O &ópU~O~ LWv au The car noise bothers me.
LOKLVnLWv.
ITELpá.~EL Lo. KOPL"tOLa. He bothers the girls.
Tov nELpá.~EL LO nLOLÓ. Drinking bothers him.
H uypa.oCa nELPa!;E Lo. ~L~ALa. Dampness damaged the books.
'\ I 0"t0 "tSAO~ "tau At t h e en d of the month our school EnELpá.xLnKa.anó Lo. AOYLa LOU.
TO OXOAELO ua~ ô'a ill present a comedy. I was bothered by his words.
unva aa. napOUOLaOEL ULO. ~wuw L ·=e appeared at the court without his
ITapouoLá.oLT)KE o"to oLKao"tilPLo
XWPL~ LOV ÔLKT)YOPO LOU. o lawyer. h' nEp LXpapw
O vÉo~ npEO~EU"tn~ napOUOLaOE The new ambassador presented 1S
"to. xaPLLá. LOU OT.ÓV npOEÔpo LT)~ credentials to the president of the
republic, TIEPLypá.lj!aUE LO La!;CÔL ua~ OLnv We described our trip to France.
ÔT)UOKpa"tLa~. raAALa.
~a~ na.pOUOLa~w LOV KUPLO ~La Meet Mr. Diamantopoulos. I present
to you Mr. Diamantopoulos. AU"tó ÔEV nEpLypá.~ELaL. This cannot be described.
uav"tOnouAo. MnopEL~ va UOu nEPLypalj!E:L~ Can you describe your city to me?
LT1V nOAT) OOU i
O TIauoavLa~ nEpLÉypalj!e: "to. La- Pausanias described his journeys to
!;LÔLa. LOU aLa. ÔLa~opa uÉpn Ln~ different parts of ancient Greece.
-272- apxaCa~ EAAá.ôa~.
-273-
llE ptOj2{CW ne:niEa.]..LE 'to. <ppo-G'ta. YLa.'tC x&'Aa.aa.v. We threw out the fruit because they had
spoiled
ITpÉllEt va rrcptoptcou ~E Ta É~oM ~aS'. We must limit our expenses. TO. cpp06'to. ne:'t&.X~nKa.v YLa.~C ~'ta.v The fruit were thrown out because they
ITE ptoPl<JTE Ta llatôtá <JaS' <JTT] aUArl Confine your children to the yard Xo.Aa.a]..L~Vo.. were spoiled.
of your house. Au't6~ O áv&pwno~ náv'to'tE ne:'tL~'ta.L This man always interferes with other
TOU o rn HOU <JaS'.
In you speech you should limit
a'tnv lJ,~on. people's business.
L:TT]V O~tAla <JOU llpÉllEt va llEptopWTElS' ne:'tá nOAu lJ,a.Kpuá 'to a.K6v'tLO.
yourself to the subject matter. He can throw the javelin very far.
<JTO 8É ~a <JOU. Tou nÉ'ta.Ee: tva. no'tnPL ve:p6 0't0
Restrain your tongue. (Do not gossip). He threw a glass of water in his face.
ITEptÓpWE TT] yAW<J<Ja <JOU. np60wno.
Ot cj>UAaKW~ÉVOt llEptopl(OVTat <JTT]V The prisoners are restrained in Mou nÉ'ta.EE ~vo. AOyO. (He threw a word at me): He insulted me.
aUArl TT]S' cj>uAaKrlS'· the prison enclosure. Tov nÉ'ta.EE tEw. He threw him out.
Tous nE't&.Ea.ve: a.n6 'to OW]..L&.'tLO. They threw them out of the room.
To. ÉXEL nOAA&. Ka.L 'to. ne:'táe:L. He has much (money) and throws it away.
AUTá e::LVa.L ne:'ta.]..LÉva. Xpn]..La.'to.. This is wasted money.
ITÉpa<JE <JTEptÉS' Kat 8áAa<J<JES'. He traveled over lands and seas. n~'to.Ee:: 'ta. ]..LUa.A&' 'tou O'tOV o.~pa.. He committed suicide.
ITEpVW alló TO M<JoS'. I pass through the forest. To oÉv'tPo ne:'tá vÉo. KAo.OLá. The tree sprouts new branches.
The mailman calls every day. ne:'tá n On]..Lo.Co.. The flag flutters.
O Taxuôpó~oS' llEpvá Ká8E ~Épa.
Tou llÉpa<JE T] UllO<.f!la. He had a suspicion.
Tou llEpvá T] tôÉa é-n ~ÉpEt llOAAá. He thinks that he knows much.
ITÉpa<JE <JTO áAAO VT]o-l ~E l3ápKa. He crossed to the other island by boat.
ITEpá<JTE ~É<Ja, llapaKaAW. Come in, please. nÉ<P'tw O'ta. yova.'ta.. I fallon my knees (and beg).
O KatpóS' llÉ pa<JE YPrlyopa. Time passed quickly. nÉ<p'tw o'ta. yovo.'to. Ka.~ OE na.pa.Ko.A~. I fallon my knees and beg you.
ITÉpa<Jav llOAAá Xpóvw «rró TÓTE llOU <JE Elôa. Many years have gone by since I saw you. nÉ<p'tw o'tnv a.YKa.ALá oou. I fall into your arms. (I love you).
'OAa 8a llEpá<Jouv. Everything will pass.
Tou llÉpa<JE O 8u~óS'. His anger subsided. nÉ<P'tw o'to Ao.L]..LO OOU. I embrace you.
AUTrl T] ~óôa llÉpa<JE. This fashion is obsolete. nÉ<P'tO]..Le: a.no 'to iva. Ko.K6 o'to From one evil we fall into another.
I lived ten years away from my country. c{AAO.
ITÉpa<Ja ôÉKa Xpóvw <JTT] ~EVtná.
I suffered a lot. n~<p'tw a'to KPe:~á'tL. I fall sick.
ITÉpa<Ja llOAAá l3á<Java. rEne::OE oe:: Ko.A&. X~PLa..
I am five years older than he is. He fell into good hands. (He has a
Tov llEpváw llÉVTE XpÓvw. good boss).
6EV llEpVOUV Ta <.f!É~aTa. Lies will not do. /EnEoe:: O nupe:'t6s 'tou no.LoLoÓ. The child's fever has dropped.
O AÓyOS' TOU llEpván llOAU. His words achieve a lot. O a.Épa.~ Ëne:oe:. The w~nd stopped blowing.
Mou llEpváEt Kat Kávw ó,n 8ÉAW. I can do whatever I want. 'Ene:oE n 'tL]..Ln 'tOU OOAAa.pCOU. The dollar lost some value.
AUTÓS' O I3AáKaS' llEpvá yw É~UllVOS'. This fool considers himself smart. iEnEoe:: n KU~ÉPVnon. The government resigned.
T« AEcj>Tá TOU ÔEV llEpVOUV EÔW. (His money is not accepted here.) He is not 'Ene:OE tEw O'tL~ OOUAEL~~ 'tou. His business folded.
welcome here. nÉ<p'te::L EUAo. (They spank): Don't spare the rod.
6EV llEpvá T] ~lloytá TT]S' rn«. She is not attractive anymore. IEne::Oo.v 'tpe:L~ e:návw 'tou. Three people attacked him.
'EnEoe:: o e dAAo. X~PLo. 'to Yp&.']..LlJ,a. The letter I wrote fell into the wrong
nou Éypa.lj!a.. hands.
I Erteo e a.PPCfXJ't'E La. o rnv nOAn. The city was hit by an epidemic.
Birds and airplanes fly. Mou €nEoe: O npŵ'to~ Ao.XVOs, I won the first prize in the lottery.
Ta llOUAtá Kat Ta aEpOllAáva llETOUV.
T~ nÉ<P'tEL o'to ]..LEP'tLKO lJ,OUi What is my share?
To rrouxf llÉTa~E alló TT] cj>wAtá TOU. The bird flew from its nest. ~ou nÉ<p'te:L noAu. This is too much for you.
To natÔl llÉTa~E ~w llÉTpa Kat É<Jlla<JE The child threw a stone and ~e:: oou nÉ<p'te:L A6yo~. You should not express your opinion.
TO llapá8upo. broke the window.
ITÓ<JES' cj>opÉS' llÉTa~ES'; How many times have you traveled by plane?
fWTl llETá~aTE Ta I3tj3Ala <JaS'; Why did you throw your books away?
ea llETaXTW ~W <In y~ rl <JTO o rrf n. I will go for a moment to the house.
O áVE ~OS' llÉTa~E TO KallÉAO ~OU. The wind blew my hat away.
O KatpóS' llná. Time flies.
ITnw alló TT] xapá ~OU, yWTl KÉpôwa TO AaXElo. I jump with joy because I won the lottery.
ITnáXTT]Ka llávw alló TOV cj>ój3o ~OU. I jump from fear. -275-
- 274 -
[I
ÂEV .0.
nW!; náE~ o ó.PPwa.O!;i
xa .ou.
náE~ xaAá ]..LE.n yuvaC- He is not on good terms with his wife.
(They quarrel).
Tov ÉmacrE TO Kpacrt.
Tov ÉTTwcrE T) BáAacrcra.
'EmacrE TO KÓATTO llaS'.
The wine had its effect on him.
He became seasick.
The clock does not show the right time. Our ruse succeeded.
To POAÓ~ 5EV naE~ xaAa. ITlácrTT)KE TO TTÓOl TOU. His foot became numb.
nou ôa nciE~ au.n n xa.áa"taani Where will this situation lead?
'Emacra OOUAEtá crTT)V KUI3ÉpVT)crT). I got a job with the government.
nnyaCvw va "tpEAAaôw. I am going to lose my mind.
He will run fot the Parliament. 'Emacra va o'ou ypátIJw, Ila OEV ÉypatlJa. I started writing you but I did not do it.
naE~ y~a ~ouAEu"tn!;. To crTTtTl ÉTTwcrE cj>wTlá.
náE~ y~a ya]..Lnpo!;. He wants to get married. The house caught fire.
This coat does not look good on you. "Ernco s I3poxr]. It started raining.
Â8V aou náE ~ -co na\lwwóp~.
ndVE -cpCa Xpóv~a anô -CÓ-CE Three years have passed from the time O YWS' llaS' ÉmacrE KpÉaS'. Our son gained some weight.
nou ~oóA~aEE -co nAOeO. the boat sank. ITlávw cj>lAta llE KáTTOlOV. I strike a friendship with someone.
ÂEV náE~ va ]..L~Aá!; d-ca~. It is not proper for you to speak
this way.
nnyaCvw xa]..LÉvo!;. I am lost.
Mau nnyavE nOAAá au.óv -cov ]..Lnva. I spent a lot of money this month. rrtvou llE Kpacrt, VEpÓ, yáAa, IlTT1Jpa ..
It is already noon. We drink wine, water, milk, beer ..
náE ~ ]..LEan]..LÉp~. Tl r]maTE; What did you drink?
(Where are you going to go?) You cannot
nOD ôa ]..Lou na!;i Tl Ba mElTE llE TO cj>ayT)TÓ craS" What will you drink with your food?
escape from me.
He was very fearful. AUTÓ TO Kpacrt OEV rrfve rm. E{~al This wine cannot be drunk.
ToV nnYE nÉv-CE-nÉv-CE. xaAacr IlÉ VO.
naE~ wÓyavE. They have disappeared. They are gc;:me. It is spoiled.
náE~ xáAaaE O xoa]..Lo!;. (The world is in shambles): The world haE! AUTÓS' o ávBpWTTOS' EtVal mOIlÉVOS'. This man is drunk.
changed a lot from the old times.
náE~ ntpaaE au-có. This is behind us now.
náE~ O xau]..LÉvo!;. He died.
ITlCJTEUW crTOV BEÓ. I believe in God.
ITtcrTEtlJES' aUTá TTOU EtTTE Did you believe what he said?
6.E llaS' TTlCJTEUOUV. They do not believe us.
n~áaE. II~áa-CE. Take. Hold.
n~aa"tE~"tE. Hold onto something.
n~avÓ]..Laa"tE ortó -co xÉpt,. We are holding hands.
My trousers were caught by a nail. H IIT)TÉpa TTAÉVEt TO TTalo{. The mother washes the child.
To nav"tEAóv~ ]..Lou n~aa"tnxE a-co
To TTalO{ TTAÉvETal aTTó TT) IIT)TÉpa. The child is washed by the mother.
xapwC.
n~ávo]..La~ a"ta xËp~a ]..LE xáno~ov. I quarrel with someone. ITAuBr]KaIlE. We washed ourselves.
nLáa-cnxav a-ca XÉp~a. They quarrelled. MaS' ÉTTAuvav. They washed us.
OL XAÉW"tE!; n~áa"tnxav. The thieves were apprehended. Ta pOUXa Éxouv TTAUBEt. The clothes have been washed.
'EnLaaE iva ]..LEyáAO ~áp~. He caught a big fish.
nOLO!; "tov nLávEL! Who can compete with him! TTAUyWVW
nLáa"tnXE a~X]..LáAw-cO!;. He was taken prisoner.
II~áa"tnxE ~dhn!;. He was found to be a liar.
He met him in the street. O crTpTlWTT)S' TTAT)yWBT)KE crTOV TTÓAEIlO. The soldier was wounded in the war.
Tov IinLaaE o"tóv 5pó]..L0. Tov TTAr]yWcrE llE Éva Ilaxatpl.
Tov ~nLaaav ]..LE "to xaAÓ. They tempted him with some promises. He wounded him with a knife.
We did not cover our expenses. Ta AÓyW TOUS' llaS' TTAr]ywcrav. Their words hurt our feelings.
ÂEV ru.douue O1J"tE "ta sE05á ]..La!;.
To ant"t~ au"to nLavEL 6uo Exa This house may bring two million TIWS' TTAT)yWBT)KES'; How were you wounded?
"to]..LÓpLa 6paX]..LÉ!;. drachmas. TIAT)ywBr]KaIlE llE aUTá TTOU EtTTav. Our feeling were hurt with what they said.
ÂEV -cov nLavEL "to ]..La-c~ aou ]..La Et He does not look impressiv~ but he is
vaL Eva!; nEptwn]..LOS;; En~a-cn]..Lovas. a very famous scientist.
n~áa"tnxE. He was caught. (or) He made much money. - 277-
276-
,
i
nA.Dp0<pOpW
He informed me that he will come. O YEWPYÓ!;; nOL~6EL .0V K~no LOU The farmer waters his garden.
ME nA.DPOtpÓPDOE nws fu ép3E~. TO K~A.OXaCPL no.C1;;OllE TO XOP.aP~.
TIA.DPOtpOPD3nKUUE Ó_~ O tpLA.Os We learned that our friend was killed In the summer we vater the grass.
in an accident. To XWllU n01:eO.T]XE xaA.<i: The earth was watered well.
UUs aKo_waDKE aE ÉVU 6ua.u- O ~OOXÓ!;; nÓLLOE La nPó~aLa TOU. The shepherd gave waeer to h"lS seep.
h
XD]..LU. Who can inform us as to when the airplane
TIo~os ]..LnOPEL vu Uas nA.DPotpo~
pnaE~ nÓ_E tpEUYE~ ~O UEPO will leave?
nA.ávo;
/
TL nOuA.a!;;; What do you sell?
nA.DPŴVW TIóoo nOUA.LtTUL
, aULa', For how much does this sell?
Mas nOUA.nOE évo, GleC.L He sold us a house.
TIÓ_E aa ]..LE nA.DPŴOE~S; When will you pay me?
~O an e LL nOUA.n&T]xE. .
I am being paid once a month. The house was sold.
TIA.DPŴVOua~ ]..L~U oopé, ".cv unvu.
TIA.DPw3nKU]..LE Y~U -D 60UA.E~á We have been paid for our work. 00 a .a yA.UxCouu.a Éxouv nouA.T]- All the sweets were sold.
3EL.
]..La!;;. / ELvUL nOuA.T]utvos. (He is sold) He is bribed.
AU.Ós E~va~ nA.DPW]..Ltvo!;;. He is paid. He is bribed.
r;a vu ayopáOELs aUTO TO aULo You have to sell yourself in order to
XLVT]LO TIC?tnEL vo, nOUA.T]&E~s. buy this car. (Car very expensive)
Mas nouA.a xaL :w,as UYOpa1;;E~. (He sells and buys u~): He is very
nA.Da~á6W clever. .
TIA.Da~á60UE .0 .tA.O!;; .OU .at~ We are nearing the end of our trip.
npOELBonOL~
B~00 lla!;;.
TIA.DaCaaE n~o KOV_a. Come closer.
I put my hand near the fire. Mas npOELBonO~DOE Ó1:L BE &u He told us beforehand that he would
TIA.Da~á6W .0 xtp~ Uou a.Dv tpw naCE;EL. not plav.
L~á. LlE\i ttooe L Bono L n&Dxav. They we~e not warned in advance.
Káno~o!;; llE nA.DaCaaE KU~ llE: pw- Someone approached me and asked who
~ tX&pós XWPLs va npocLBonoLnOEL T~e enemy sank the passenger-boat
LDaE no~os ELllU~. I was.
The color of the pencil is reddish ~U&LOE .0 EnL~uTLxÓ nA.cLo. wlthout warning.
To XPwllU _OU UOA.U~~OU nA.Da~á-
6E~ A.Cyo npos LO KOKK~VO. (close to reel).
nA.ouLC1;;w O OELOUÓs npottvnoE :w,Eyá)..Es 6n The earthquake caused much damage.
ULÉs.
o tpCA.Os UOU o KŵaLa!;; nA.OUT~- My fr'i,end Costas has become rich
H EnLoXE~n oou &a npotEvnOEL Your visit will cause great confu
aE llE La B~UUEPCallaTa nou ~XE~.through the apartments he owns.
uEyáA.n tpaoapCa. sion.
'000 KUL av 60UA.EUW BE 3a Regardless how much I work I will
TIPOEEvn&nKav napEtnynoELs. There were misunderstandings.
nA.OUTCOW nOTt. never become rich.
H ~~~A.~o&nKD ÉXE~ nA.OU"nOTE{ The library has been enriched by many
npOOXUA.c;)
llE: noA.A.á noA.u_~ua ~L~A.LU. valuable books.
Tov ~POOKáA.EOU aTO on~TL :w,ou. I invited him to my house.
Mas EXOUV npoOXUA.ÉOEL o.ov ya.UO They have invited us to their
nvLyW- nvCYOJ-LuL Tns XÓPDs TOUs' daughter's wedding.
He is choking. (also) He is drowing. EE npOOKaA.~ VU tpá:w,E ua1;;u. I invite you to share our meal.
TIVCYELUL.
'EnVLEE LO tpCBL UE TO X~p~ He strangled the snake with his hand.
LOU.
TIVLyÓUUO.E unó .OV KanvÓ. We are breathing hard because of the
smoke.
TIVLYOUUL OLT]V BOUA.ELa. I am drowning in my work.
TInyaLvE va nVLYEL!;;. Go and drown. Get lost] - 2 ";9-
H Mn6ELU tnvLtE Ta naLB~á Medea strangled her children.
TD!;;·
-278-
,
paSw (1) - to sew; to stitch
noogd>ÉOW
-=A_c_--,t'-'.i::__v_e_V_o~i_c_e, Tn dic a t i v e Passive Voice, Indicative
We will offer chicken at the dinner. P. I sew I am being sewn, I am sewn
L:TO TpanÉt;;t Sa npoO"¢ÉpOUY·E KOTónou~~.
How much do you offer for this job? paBw pa!3o~E: paBo~aL paB6~ao,E:
ITóO"a npOO"¢ÉpETE yt' aUTT) ,TT) 60UAEta,
They offered to help us. páBE:Lt;;; pa6nE: paBE:OaL páBE:o,E:
ITpoO"¢ÉpST)KaV va lJ.aS j30T)ST)O"ouv.
They have offered much to their fat~erland. páBE:L paBouv Po.BE:,aL pa60v,aL
'Exovv npoO"¢ÉpEt nOAAá O"TT)V naTpt6a TOU?,.
I offer to give whatever I can for this purpose.
ITpoO"¢ÉpolJ.at va 6wO"w O,Tt urropoi yt
" , 1
a UTOV P. c. I/ was sewing I was being sewn
TOV okorró. é:paBa pa!3a~E: paBo~ouv paBo~ao,E:
tpa!3E:t;;; paBa,E: paB600uv pa!3ooao,E:
nOOH uW tpaBE: Épa6av pa6o,av pa60v,av
What do you prefer, lamb or beef?
Tt npOT1.lJ.áTE, apvt rl
j306tvó KpÉaS; P. S. I sewed I was sewn
ITpoTtlJ.T)O"a va náw IJ.E TO aEponAávo. I chose to go by plane. Épm)!a pal)Ja]..l.€
What company will be chosen? pá<.p'nxa pa<.pC11'W]..I.E:
Tloi.« ETatpda Sa np0T1.IJ.T)Sd; tPwjJE:t;;; pal)Ja,€ pa<.p'nXE:t;;; pa<.p,nxa,€
Épm)!E: tpal)Jav pá<.p'nx€ pa<.p'n'wv
TWod>Ta{vw
F.C. I shall be sewing I shall be sewn
I got there before he lef~. aa pá6w &a pa60]..l.€ &a pai30]..l.aL &a pa6o]..l.ao'E:
Tov npó¢TaO"a rrpu: ¢uyEt.
aa pá6E:Lt;;; &u. pá~)E; ,€
The family barely had time to get . &a pá6E:oaL aa po.6E:o,E:
H 01KoyÉVEta IJ.ÓAtS npÓ¢TaO"E va j3yEt É~w aa pa6€L
out of the house when the roof caved Ill. &a pa60uv &a páB€,aL &a pa60v,aL
anó TO O"nlTt, óTav T) O"TÉyT) ÉnEO"E.
We were on time to catch the train.
ITpo¢TáO"aIJ.E TO TpÉVO. F. S. I shall sew I shall be sewn
Walk slowly because I cannot keep
ITEpnáTa O"t ya-O"tyá, ytaTt 6E &a pal)Jw &a po.l)JO]..l.€ aa pa<.p,w, &a pa<.p'OU]..l.E
I
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. pa6w - that I may be sewing pá60~aL- that I may be sewn
P.S. pal)Jw - that I may sew ~a(j),~ -that I may be sewn
Pr.P. Éxw pál)JE:L- that I may have €XW pa<.p'E:L- that I may have been
sewn sewn
IMPERATIVE
P. pa6€- be sewing (sing.) pa60u- be sewn (sing.)
pá6€,€ - be sewing (pl.) pa6€0,€- be sewn (pl.)
P.S. po.l)JE: - sew (sing.) pa<.p,ou - be sewn (sing.)
pal)J,€ - sew (pl.) pa<.p,€L'E:- be sewn (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va pál)J€L - to sew va pa<.p,€~ - to be sewn
PARTlCIPLE
pá60v,at;;; - sewing pa]..l.]..I.Ëv-ot;;;,-n,-o - sewn
- 280 -
(For examples see p. 234)
-281-
to toss; to fling ask; to question; to inquire
P~XV~ (1) - to throw;
Active Voice
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I~~k------ , Ind i c_~_!_1:-':'~ Pass~-,:,~~ice, Indicative
P. I throw- I am be-ing thrown, I am thrown I am" being aske~I--;:;:~--as-ked
pUll:W PUl1:C?Uj.lE
PLXVW . pCXVOj.lE p~xvOj.laL pLXVOj.laOl:E pWl:LEj.laL PWl:LOj.laOl:E
puna>: oco rc r c
PLXVEL(;;; PLXVEl:E pLXVEOo.L PLXvt:Ol:E PWl:L~OaL PWl:L{Ol:E
pull:á PWl:OUV
PLXVEL PLXVOUV pLXVEl:o.L PLXVOVl:aL PWl:L~l:aL PWl:LOUVl:aL
P. C. I was asking
I was throwing I was being thrown I was being asked
P. C. pWl:ouoa PWl:OUOo.j.lE
/ o PLXVÓj.lOUV PLXVOj.lo.Ol:E PWl:LOj.lOUV PWl:LOj.laOl:E
7PLXVo. pLXVaj.lE PWl:OÓOE>: pWl:OUOal:E
EpLXVE>: pLXVal:E PLXVóoouv pLXVOOo.Ol:E PWl:LOOOUV PWl:LÓOaOl:E
, I PWl:OUOE pWl:ouoav PWl:LOl:aV
EPLXVE EpLxvav PLXVÓl:o.V pLXVOVl:o.V PWl:LOVl:aV
P. S. I asked
I was thrown I was asked
P. S. I threw pc.:nnoo. PWl:TlOo.j.lE
PLEaj.lE P [Xl:nHo.. P vx:rnHaj.lE pun n,'7n Ha PWl:n,'7nHaj.lE
É;pLEo. PWl:nOE(;;; oco rrioc.r e
tpLEE(;;; PLEal:E pLXl:nHE(;;; pLXl:nHo.l:E PWl:n~nHE>: PWl:n&nHal:E
pcjl:nOE pWl:noav
SPLtav plXl:nHE pCXl:nXo.v PWl:n,'7nHE PWl:n&nHo.v
sPLEE
F. C. I shall be asking
I shall be thrown I shall be asked
F. C. I shall be throwing ,'70. PWl:c.U ,'70. PWl:ODj.lE
50. PLXVW 50. pLXVOj.lE 5& pLXVOj.lo.L 5Q pLXvÓj.laOl:E &0. PWl:LEj.laL &0. PWl:LOj.lo.Ol:E
~a PWl:á>: ,'70. PWl:ál:E ,'70. PWl:L{oaL &0. PWl:L{Ol:E
5u. pCXVEL>: 5u. PLXVEl:E 5& pLxvEoaL &á PLXVEOl:E Gu. pWl:a
/ I
,'70. PWl:OUV ,'70. PWl:LÉl:o.L ,'70. PWl:LOUVl:aL
5u. PLXVEL &0. PLXVOUV 56. pLXVEl:o.L &6. ptxvOVl:aL
I shall ask I shall be asked
F. S. I shall throw I shall be thrown 00. PWl:Tlow
,'70, o i Xl:u\ ,'70, PlXl:ODj..LE Ga PWl:nOOj.lE ,'70. PCul:n&w 50. oorr nôoriue
Go. pLEw Go. PLEoj.lE &0. PWl:TlOEL>: ~a PWl:nOEl:E
50. pCt;EL(;;; Ga pLEEl:E ,Sa pi XTE cc 50, o i Xl:E hE
Go. pWl:nOEL
&0. PWl:n&EL>: &0. pWl:n,'7ELl:E
,'70, PLXl:OUV Ga PWl:noouv ,'70. PWl:n,'7EL ,'70. pWl:n,'7ouv
5a. pLEEL ,'7u. pLEouv ,'70. PLXl:E~
Pr.P. ~XW PWl:TlOEL - I have asked
ÉXW pLEEL- I have thrown ixw PLXl:E~ - I have been ÉXW PWl:nGE~ - I have been
Pr.P. EXEL>: ... etc.
thrown ÉXEL>: .... etc. asked
P. P. ELxa pCt;EL- I had thrown ELXo. PLXl:EL- I had been P. P.
thrown ELxa PWl:nOEL - I had asked ELXo. PWl:n,'7E( - I had been asked
F.P. ,'70. ÉXW pLEEL - I shall Go 8XW PLXl:E~ - I shall have F. P.
been thrown Go. ~XW PWl:nOEL- I shall Go. ixw PWl:nGEL- I shall have
have thrown have asked been asked
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. pwnS - that may be aski;-g------
I "
PWl:LEj.laL- that I may be asked
SUBJUNCTIVE P. S. PWl:nOW - that I may ask ~
P. pCXVW - that I may be throwing PLXVOj.lo.L- that I may be thrown Pr.P. that I SWl:nvw - that I may be asked
Éxw PWl:nOEL - asked may have EXW PWl:nGE~- that I may have
P. S. pLEw - that I may throw PLXl:W - that I may be thrown
, I
Pr.P. txw pCt;EL - that I may have EXW pLXl:EL - that I may have been asked
been thrown IHPERATIVE
thrown P. PWH; - be asking (sing.)-----------
IMPERATIVE p~l:al:E - be asking (pl.) ....
P. PLXVE - be throwing (sing.) pLXVOU - be thrown (sing.) P. S. PWl:~OE - ask (sing.)
pCXVEl:E - be throwing(pl.) PLXVEOl:E - be thrown (pl.) pwnlaou - be asked (sing.)
pWl:nOl:E - ask (pl.) PWl:n,'7ELl:E - be asked (pI.)
P. S. pLEE - throw (sing.) pLEou - be thrown (sing.)
pCt;El:E- throw (pl.) PLXl:ELl:E - be thrown (pl.)
~B! I N I~!:I VE
P.S. vo. PWl:TlOEL- to ask va PWl:nGE( - to be asked
INFINITIVE
P. S. Vo. PLt;EL - to throw vo. PLXl:Eé - to be thrown
PA~T!_g_~~_I:E
PWl:WVl:as - asking pWl:nUEV-Os,-n,-o - asked
PARTICIPLE
-----~yj.lÉv-osl-n,-o - thrown (For examples see po 284)
pLXVOVl:o.S - throwing -233-
(For examples see po 284)
-232-
j
oaASUW (1) - to move; to stir; to budge
Examples of uses of verbs beginning with P:
Active Voice, IIldlcative Passive Voice, Indicative
P. I move I am o b elng
. moved, I am moved
I made a dress. oaASuw oaASUOUS oaAs~ouaL oaAsuouao.s
'Epalj!a É vo, oooo rév L , oaAsUSLs oaAsus.s
H uauá Épalj!€ TnV uáA.oa UOU The mother sewed my sock which had a oaAsusoaL oaAsusoTS
hole. oaASuSL oaAsuouv oaAsusTaL oaAsuovTaL
nou SLXS ULO, TpUna.
This cloth cannot be sewn. It is too
AUTó .0 pOUXO SLval TOOO P.C. I was moving
XOVTPÓ WoTS 6€ páBSTaL. thick. I was being moved
We have sewed the bags. OaASUa oaAsóaus oaASUóuouv
'EXOUS pálj!SL .~s oauouAss• oaAsuóUuOTS
The doctor stitched together the wound. oaAsuq;; oaASUaT€ oaASUóooUv oaAsuóoao.s
O ~LaTpós Épalj!s TnV nAn~n. oaASuS oaAsl ra,v
pá~s .0 o.óua oou. (Stitch close your mouth); Shut your oaAsuóTav oaAsuovTav
mouth.
(He cuts and sews): He talks too much. P. S. I moved I was moved
oaAslj!a oaAEwaus oaAsuTnua oaAsu.Jiuaus
oáAslj!ss oaAElj!lHE oaAsu.nuss OaASU.nua.s
oaA.slj!ss oaAslj!a,v oaAsuTnuS oaAdhnuav
Tov ÉppLEE uá.w. He threw him down.
The children throw stones. F. C. I shall be moving I shall be moved
Ta naL6La PLXVOUV nÉTpEs• aa oaAdlw aa oaAEuous
O nÓAEuos,Uas ÉppLEE aE us The war plunged us into a great aa oaAsuouaL aa OaA.EUÓuaOTE
misery.
aa oaAEuELs aa oaAd'lt: LE aa oaAEusoaL aQ oaAsusoTS
~áAn 6uo.uxLa. aa oaAEuSL aa oaAsuouv
PLEE návw oou UáTL YLaTL uá (Drop something on you): Cover your aa oaAEuETaL aa oaAEuovTaL
VEL upUo. self because it is cold.
My friend dropped (had) a good idea. F. S. I shall move I shall be moved
O (j)LAOs UOU ÉppLEE ULO, uaAn aa oa,AÉ: 4;W aa Oa,AÉlj!oUS
L6Éa. aa oaAEuL~ aa oaAEu.oÓUE
The dogs rushed against the wolves. &0, oaAÉl)JELs aa oaAEl!JE.E aa oaAsuTELs aa oaAEuTELTE
Ta OUUALá pLxTnuav návw OTOUs &0, oaAÉlj!EL aa oaAE4;OUV aa 0aAEuTs~ aa oaAEuToóV
AUUOUs.
EppLEE nOAu XLÓVL. It snowed much.
We had plunged into our work. Pr.P. ~XW oaAÉl!JsL - I have moved ~xw oaAEuTE~ - I have been
ELxaUE PLX.EC o.nv 60uAELa.
Ta 6ÉvTpa PLXVOUV Ta (j)UAAa In autumn the trees drop their leaves. , I moved
P. P. ECxa oaAÉ4;EL- I had moved ELxa oaAsuTsL - I had been
TOUs TO (j)aLvonwpo.
TTls PLXTnUE. He attacked her. moved
He is making eyes at her. F.P. aa txw oaAEl!JEL- I shall have aa ixw oaAEuTEt - I shall
Tfls pLXVEl. uo.r c c ,
é
The Americans dropped the atomic moved have been moved
O~ AUEpLuavOL ÉPPL Eav 'rnv
a.OULun Bó-uBa návw O.TIV XLPO bomb on Hiroshima.
oLua.
PLXVEL TO auÓv.LO. He throws the javelin.
PLXVEL TnV nÉ.pa nOAu uaupua. He can fling a stone very far. SUBJUNCTIVE
P. oaASUW - that I ~ay be oaAEuouaL - that I may be
moving moved
P. S. oaAEljJw - that I may move saAEuT~- th~t I may be moved
Pr.P. €XW oaAEl!JEL - that I may have EXW OaA.SUTSL - that I may
1,€ pWTŴ. I ask you. I am asking you. moved have been moved
HE: oórncc , He asked me. IMPERATIVE
They were asked what they wanted. P. oaAS~E - be moving (sing.) OaAE~Ol) - be moved (sing.)
Pw.nanuav TL aÉAOUV.
'EXOUE pWTnOEl ÓAOUs. KavÉvas We have asked all. Nobody knows oaAEUE.E- be moving (plo) oaA~usoTE - be moved (pl.)
P. S. oaAsl!JE - move (sing.)
6EV EtpEL .CnOTa. anything. oaAElj!ou; be moved (sing.)
PWTŴVTas BpLOUELG Ó,TL atAELG. By asking you find what you want. oaAÉlj!TE - move (pl.) oaAEu.ELTS - be moved (p L; )
O 6áouaAOs pWTá .0, naL6Lá. The teacher put questions to the
students. INFINITIVE
P. S. va oaAE4;EL - to move va oaAEUTEC - to be moved
PARTICIPLE
oaAEUOVTas - moving oaAE-uÉV-Os,-n,-O - moved
-284- -285- (For examples see p.316)
_j
- to become confused; to be disconcerted o~nvw (1) - to extinguish; to put out; to blowout
Oo.OLCkw*(~)
to be perturbed
_A_c_t_i_v_e
__V_o_i_cc:, Indic a t i v e Fas~iye Voice, Indicative
Subj unctiY e P. I put out ~-;xti ngui s h~-~-~'
Indicative
oB~vw o!3nvo~E O~nvo~o.~ o~nVÓ~o.oLE
P. I become confused
Oo.OTL~W Oo.OT[~O~E P. Oo.OTL~W - that I may be O~nVE~s oi3nvETE O~nVEOo.~ o~nVEoTE
Oo.OTL~E~s Oo.OTL~ELE confused O~nVE~ oi3nvouv O~nVETo.~ o~nVOVTo.~
Oo.OTC~E~ Oo.oLC~ouv P.S. Oo.OTLOW - that I may be
confused P. C. ~ was putting out I was being extinguished
P.C. I was becoming confused Pr.P. €XW OaOTL0EL- that I may Eoi3nVo. O~nVo.~E o~nvó~ouv o~nVÓ~o.oTE
oáoL~~o. oo.OLt~o.~E have been contused €O~nVEs oi3nVo.TE o~nvóoouv o~nVÓOo.OTE
Oo.OTL~o.TE Éoi3nvE Éoi3nVo.v oi3nvÓTo.v O~riVOVTo.V
OáOL~~Es
Oa.OT~~E OáOT~~o.V Imperative
P. S. I put out I was extinguished
P. Oa.OT~~E - be confused ÉO~T)oo. OBnOo.~E O~nOTnXo. O~T)OTriXo.~E
P. S. I became confused
Oo.OTLOo.~E (sing.) ÉO~llOEs o~riOo.TE O~nOTT)xEs o~T)OTnXo.TE
Oa.OT~Oo.
Oo.OLLOo.TE Oo.OTC~ETE - be confused ÉO~llOE É:Oi3T)OO.V OBnoTnXE oBnOTnXo.v
Oa.OT~OEs
OáOL~OE Oa.OT~Oo.V (pI. )
F. C. I shall be putting out I shall be extinguished
F.C. I shall be becoming confused P. S. OáOT~OE - be confused &0. O~nV((J &0. OBnVO~E &0. O~nVO~o.~ &0. oi3nvÓ~o.oTE
&0. Oo.OLL~O~E (sing.) &0. oi3nvE~s &0. OMIVETE &0. oi3nvEOo.~ &0. OBnvEOTE
&0. Oo.OLL~W
&0. Oo.OTL~E~s &a Oo.OTL~,ETE Oo.OTLOTE - be confused &0. oi3nVE~ &0. o~nVOuv &0. o~rivETo.~ &0. o~nVOVTo.~
&0. Oo.OTC~E~ &0. Oo.OTL~OUV (pI. )
F. S. I s h aLL put out I shall be extinguished
I shall become confused Infinitive &0. o~now &0. O~nOO~E &0. O~T)OTW &a O~T)OTOU~E
F. S.
&0. Oo.OTtOO~E &a o~nOE~s &a oi3noETE &0. Oi3T)OTE{s &a O~T)OTECTE
&0. Oo.OTLOW P.S. va Oo.OTLOE~ to be
&0. Oo.OTLOETE &0. O~nOE~ &a oMloouv &0. OBT)OTE~ &0. OBT)OTO~V
&0. Oo.OT{;OE~s confused
&0. Oo.OLCOE~ &a Oo.OTLOOUV
Pr.F. ÉXW oi3noE~ - I have put I have been
Éxw oao~CaEL- I have become out , Iextinguished
Pr.P.
confused P.P. E~Xo. oi3noE~- I had put E~Xo. OBnOTEL- I had been
E~Xo. Oo.OTCOE~- I had become Participle out: extinguished
P.P. F.P. &0. Éxw oBnOE~- I shall
confused &0. ËXW oBnoTE~ - I shall have
be confused h av e put out:
F.P. &0. ~xw Oo.OLCOE~ - I shall been extinguished
have become confused
Passive Participle
-237 -
-236-
, ,
onuaLVW (1) - to ring; to ring a bell
onuŴvW (1) - to raise; to lift; to hold up; to carry
onua'vE~ (impersonal) it means
onuwvolla~ (4) - to rise
Passive Voice, Indicative Indicative Subjunctive
P. Active Voice, Indicative
I rise P. I ring
I raise
onUŴVOuE onuŵvoua~ onuwvóuaoTE onuaLvw onuaLVOUE P. onuaLvw - that I may
anUŴVW onuaLvE~s onuaLV£l:E
onUŴVETE OnuŵvEoa~ onUŴVEOTE be ringing
anUŴVEL!;;; onuaLvE~ onuaLvouv P.S. onuavw - thatI may
onUŴVE~ anuŵvouv Onuŵv£La~ anuŵvovTa~
. ring
P. C. I was raising I was rising P. c. I was ringing Pr.P. {xw onuavE~- that I may
onuŵvaUE orpccovóuouv onuwvóuaoTE onua~va onuaLvaUE have rung
onUwva Oliua~ V£!;;; onuaLvaTE
0l1UWVEs onuŵvaTE onUWVOOOuv onuwvóoaoTE
anuwvav onxtovó-rcrv onuŵvoVTav 0l1ua~ VE ot1uaLvav
OnUWVE Imperative
I rose P. S. I rang
P. S. I raised
onuŵoaUE onuŵ&nua anuw&nuaUE onuava onuá.vau£ P. onuaLv£ - be ringing
o!1uwoa OliuaVE!;;;
O!1UWOEs onuŵoaTE onUŵ&nUEs onuw&nuaTE onuá.vaTE (sing.)
OnUWOE o!1uwoav onUW&nUE anuŵ&nuav onuavE onuavav onuaLVEl:E- be ringing
(p 1. )
I shall be rising F. C. I shall be ringing P.S. onuavE - ring (sing.)
F. c. I shall be raising
&0. onuaLvw &0. Onj.laLVOj.lE
&0. onuwvw &0. anUŴVouE &0. onuŴvOj.laL &0. onuwvouaoTE
&0. OnUŴVETE &0. OnuwvEoa~ &0. OnUŴVEOl:E &0. onj.laLVE~!;;; &0. onuaLVETE onuav£TE- ring (pl.)
&0. onUWVELs &0. Onj.laLvOUv
&a. onUWVOuv &0. OnuwvETa~ &0. onuwvovl:a~ &0. onj.laLvE~
&0. Ol!UWVE ~
I shall rise F. S. I shall ring Infinitive
F. S. I shall raise
&0. onxóccc &0. onUWOOuE &0. onuw&tS &u. onUW&O~j.lE &0. onj.lá.vw &0. onj.lavoj.l£
&0. onuav£~s &0. OnuavETE P.S. va Onj.lav£~ - to ring
&0. OnUWOE~s &0. OnUŴOETE &0. onuW&E~s &0. OnUW&El,TE
&0. onUWOOuv &0. onuw&E~ &0. onuw&oC;v &0. onuá.v£~ &0. onj.lá.vouv
&0. onUŴOE L
~xw OnUWOEL- I have raised I have risen Pr. P. ~xw onuá.VEL- I have rung
Pr.P.
ELxa onUW&E~' - I had risen P.P. I had rung
P. P. ELxa OnUWOE~- I had raised
I
Participle
&0. ÉXW OnUW&EL - I shall have F.P. &0. Éxw Onj.lá.vEL- I shall have
F.P. &0. Éxw OnUWOE~- I shall have risen
raised rung Onj.laLVOVTas - ringing
Examples:
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. onUWvw that I may be rais- onuŵvoj.laL- that I may be ris-
ing H uaunava onuaLvE~. The church bell is ringing.
ing TL onuaLvE~ aUTn n A~!;n;
onuw&w - that I may rise What does this word mean?
P. S. onuwow that I may raise To POAOYL OnllaLV£L 5ŵ5Eua.
Éxw OnUW&E~ - that I may have The clock strikes twelve.
Pr.P. Éxw OnUW&E(- that I may have H At!;n "u5wp" onuaLV£~ The word "u5wp" means water.
raised risen
IMPERATIVE VEpÓ.
OnUWVE - be raising(sing.) onUWVOu be rising (sing.) AUTÓ 5E onuaLvE~ TLnoTa. This does not mean anything.
P.
OnUWVEOTE - be rising (pl.) To XOV60DV~ on~a(vE~ y~a va The school bell rings for the
onUWVETE - be raising (pl.)
OnXWOOV - rise (sing.) apXLo£~ TO ua&nua. start of the class.
P. S. OnUWOE - raise (sing.)
OnU~OTE - raise (pl.) onUW&E~TE - rise (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va OnUWoEL - to raise va onUW&E~ - to rise
-2U9-
PARTICIPLE
onUŴVOVTo.S - raising OnUWj.lEV-Os,-n,-o - risen
(For examples see p.316)
- 238-
_j
gn~E~WVW (1) - to mark; to note down; to remark; to take a alwn~ (2) - to keep silent; to be silent
note of
Indicative Subjunctive
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. I am ,silent, I ke~p silent
P. I mark I am being marked, I am marked a~wn~ a~wnou~E P. a~wn~ - that I may be
an~ELwvW an~ELwvO~E an~E~wvo~a~ an~E~wv6~aacE a~wn~~ a~wncicE keeping silent
an~ELwvEL~ an~ELwvEcE an~ELwvEaa~ an~ELwvEacE OLwna oLwnoDv P. S. aUilnnaw - that I may
onuc t.óve L an~E~wvOUV an~ELwvEcaL an~E~wvovca~ keep silent
P.C. I was silent, I was keeping Pr.P. Éxw a~wnnaE~- that I may
P. C. I was marking I was being marked a~wnouaa a~wnouaa~E silent have kept silent
an~EeWVa an~ELwva~E an~ELwvÓ~OUv an~ELwv6~aacE olwnoóoEG oLwnoóoaTE
an~EeWVE~ an~ELwvacE an~E~wvóaouv an~ELwv6aaacE a~wnouaE a~wnoJaav
an~ELwvE cnue tcovo.v an~ELwv6cav an~ELwvovcav Imperative
P. S. I was silent, I kept silent
P. S. I marked I was marked a~wnnaa a~wnnaa~E P. aLwna- be keeping silent
an~Eewaa an~ELwaa~E an~ELw-5nKa an~E~w{JnKa~E a~wnnac~ a~wnnaacE (sing.)
an~dwaE~ aTi~ELwaacE an~E~w-5nKE~ cnuc Lw{JnKacE a~wnnaE aLwnnaav aLwnácE- be keeping silent
an~ECwaE an~Eewaav an~ELw-5nKE an~ELw{JnKav (plo )
F.C. I shall I be keeping silent P.S. a~ŵnnaE- keep silent
F. C. I shall be marking I shall be marked {Jo. aLwnw {Jo. a~wno"';~E (sing.)
{Jo. an~ELwvW {Jo. an~ELŵvO~E aa an~ELwvo~aL -50. an~ELwv6~aacE aa. oLwndG -50. a~wndTE aLwnnaTE - keep silent
{Jo. an~ELWVEL~ {Ja an~E~wvEcE -50. an~ELwvEaaL -50. an~ELwvEacE {la oLwná {Jo. aLwnouv (p 1.)
{Jo. an~ELwvE~ {Jo. an~ELwvOUV oo. an~ELwvEcaL {Jo. an~ELwvovTaL
F. S. I shall keep silent Infinitive
F. S. I shall mark I shall be marked 00. aLwm'law {Jo. a~wnnao~E
{Jo. an~ELwaw {Jo. an~E:~WaO~E {Jo. an~ELw0~ {Jo. an~ELw{Jo6~E {Jo. a~wmiaE~~ {Jo. o t.cortrio e t e P.S. va a~wnnaEL - to keep
-50. an~E~waEcE 00. an~ELw-5EL~ {Jo. an~ELw-5ECcE {Jo. aLwm'laE L {Jo. o t.corrnoouv silent
-50. an~ELwaEL~
-50. an~ELwaE~ {Jo. an~ELwaouv -50. an~E~w{JEL {Jo. an~ELw-5oóv
Pr.P. ~xw aLwnnaEL- I have kept
Pr.P. Éxw an~ELwaEL- I have marked ixw an~ELw{JE~ - I have been I silent
marked P. P. ELxa aLwnnaE~- I had kept Participle
P.P. E~xa an~E~waEL- I had marked ELXa an~ELw0EL - I had been silent
marked F. P. {Jo. ~xw a~wnnaE~- I shall a~wnwvca~ - keeping silent
F.P. {Jo. txw an~E~waEL - I shall -50. EXW an~ELwoEL - I shall have kept silent
have marked have been marked
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. an~E~wvW - that
I may be an~ELwvo~aL- that I may be
marking marked Examples
P. S. an~E~waw- that I may mark an~ELw{J~ - that I may be marked
Pr.P. Éxw an~ELwaEL- that I may have ~xw an~ELwoEL - that I may L:LwnnaE. He (she) became silent.
marked have been marked ~E -50. aLwnnao~E nocÉ. rrávco We will never keep silent. We will
IMPERATIVE cE -50. ~nTOU~E cO 6LKa~ó ~a~. always be demanding our rights.
P. an~EeWVE - be marking (sing.) an~ELwvOU - be marked (sing.) L: LWnl)an: napauaAW. Please, keep quiet.
an~E~wvETE- be marking (pl.) an~E~wvEaTE - be marked (pl.) MÓAL~ ~nnKE ~Éaa O Ka{JnYnTn~ As soon as the professor entered
P. S. an~EeWaE - mark (sing.) an~ELwaou - be marked (sing.) ÓAn n Tá~n a~wnnaE. the class became silent.
an~ELŵacE - mark (pl.) an~E~w{JE(cE- be marked (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va an~ELwaEL - to mark va an~ELw-5E~- to be marked
PARTICIPLE -291-
an~E~wvoVTa~ - marking an~ELw~tv-o~,-n,-o - marked
(For examples see po317)
-290-
_I
oxsna~w (1) - to coyer; to conceal oxÉn-rogaL, OxE~-rO]..laL (4) - to think; to reflect
( a deponen~erb) -
Active Voice, Indicative Pass i.ve Voice, I.ndica tive Indicative Subjunctive
I cover I am being c~yered, I am covered P. I think
P.
oxsnáCw OXEnaCO]..lS oxsnO,CO]..laL ax snaCO]..laOTs ax Én-ro]..laL ax sn-ro]..lao-rs P. ax ÉnTO]..laL - that I may be
oxsnát:sLs OXSnO,CsTs oxsnáCsoaL oXEnábsoT~ oXEn-rsoaL ox Én-rso-rs , thinking
oxsná?;sL OX EnaCouv oxsná[ETaL oxsnabovTaL oxÉn-rs-raL aXEn-rov-raL P. S. OXE~l:W - that I may think
I was covering I was being covered P.P. I was thinking Pr.P. Éxw OXS~l:EL - that I may
P. C.
oxÉnaCa oxsnáCa]..ls oxsnabO]..lOUV ax snabO]..laOTs ax En-r6]..louv ax sn-ro]..lao-rs have thought
oxÉnaCss oxEná1:aTs oxsnabOoouv oxsnabooaoTE oxsn-r6oouv ax snTooaa-rs
oxÉnaCs ax Ena?;av ax Ercab6Tav oxsnábovTav oxsnT6-rav oxÉnTovTav Imperative
Pr.P. I have covered I have been covered Pr.P. E:XW axs~-rEL - I have thought
É:xw oxsnáosL Ë:xw oxsnao-rsL Participle
P.P. E~xa OXS~TS~- I had r:hought
P.P. ELxa oXEnaoEL- I had covered
/
sLXa oxsnao-rsL' - I had been aXSnTO]..lSV-Os,-n,-o -
covered aa Éxw OXS~TEL - I shall have thinking
F. P. aa i'xw oXEnáosL- I shall 50, Éxw oxsnaoTs~ - I shall have thought
have covered been covered aa dxa OXE"'TS L - I
'I" wo u Ld have
I i thought
Examples:
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. oxsnáCw - that I may be cover- oxsno'bO]..laL- that I may be cover- ~X€~T01-LaL va naw Éva l:aEt6L I am contemplating a trip to
ring ed
OTnV EAAá6a. Greece. '
P. S. oxsnáaw - that I may cover axsnaoTW- that I may be covered
MÉpa VÓXl:a OxÉ~,,[,sTaL l:nV
sxw axsnao-rs~- that I may have Day and night he thinks of his
Pr.P. 8XW oxsnáosL- that I may have ayann TOU. loved one.
covered been covered
TL aXÉ<DTSOaL i What are you thinking?
IMPERATIVE ~xS~TnXa]..lS va oas EnLaxs We decided to visit you.
P. axÉnaCs - be covering (sing.) oxsnabou- be covered (sing.) ~TOU1-LE; .
oxsnábsTs - be covering (pl.) oxsnabso-rs - be covered (pl.) rravl:a gE; O'J.{E<Dl:O]..laL. I always think of you.
P. S. oxÉnaos - cover (sing.) oxsnáoou - be covered (sing.) ~XS~TSLTS TL xaaa]..ls! Think what we lost!
oxsnáo-rs - cover (pl.) oXEnaoTsC-rE- be covered (pl.)
INFINITIVE I
PARTICIPLE
oxsnábov-ras - covering axsnaa]..lÉv-os,-n,-o - covered -293-
(For examples see p. 317)
-292-
O}f.L(:W --OXL?;;W (1) - to tear; to split; to cut open; to cleave OXOTIEUW (1) - to intend; to aim at:OXOTIEUoJ.+a~- to be aimed at
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Pa$sive Voice, Indicative
I tear I am being torn, I am torn P- I intend I am aimed at
P.
O}f. L ~w O}f.L~O~S oxC~o~a~ O}f.~?;;Ô~aO.E O}f.OTIEUW O}f.OTIEUO~S OXoTIsuo~al oxoTIEu6~aO.E
OXL~EL\;; O}f.LkS.S O}f.L?;;EoaL O}f.L?;;EO.E OXOTIEUEL\;; OXOTISUE.S OXOTIEUEOaL O}f.OTIEUSO.S
OXL 6SL O}f.L~OUV O}f.L~E.aL O}f.L~ov.aL O}f.OTIEUEL OXOTIEUOUV OXOTIEus.aL OXOTIEUov.aL
P.C. I was tearing I was being torn P. C. I was intending I was being aimed at
ÉO}f.L~a OXL?;;a~s O}f.L~Ô~OUV O}f.L~Ô~ao.s oxôTIsua o}f.oTIsua~s O}f.OTIEUÔ~OUV OXOTIEu6~a.O.E
to}f.L?;;S\;; oxL~a.E O}f.L~ÔOOUV O}f.L?;;Ôoao.s OXÔTISUS\;; OxoTIsua.s OXOTIEu6oouv oxoTIEu6oaOTE
€O}f. L ~E É:OXL(:av o}f.L?;;6.av O}f.L~ov.av O}f.ÔTIEUS OX6TIEUaV oxoTIsu6.av O}f.OTIsuov.av
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. O}f.L?;;W - that I may be tearing O}f.L~O~aL- that I may be torn P. O}f.OTIEUW -
that I may be intend- OXOTIEUO~aL- that I may be aimed
P. S. OXLOW - that I may tear ~XLO.W -th~t I may be torn ing at
Pr.P. SXW OXLOSL- that I may have EXW OXLO.SL- that I may have P. S. OXOTIEUOW - that I may intend o;XOTIEU&W - r ha t I may be aimed at
torn been torn Pr.P. 8XW OXOTIEUOSL- that I may have EXW OXOTIEUGEL- that I may have
intended been aimed at
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
P. OX~?;;S- be tearing (sing.) O}f.L?;;OU- be torn (sing.) P. OXÔTISUE - be intending (sing.) OXOTIEUOU- be aimed at (sing.)
OXL~S.S- be tearing (pl.) O}f.L?;;EO.E- be torn (pl.) OXOTISUE.S- be intending (pl.) O}f.OTISUSO.E - be aimed at (pl.)
P. S. O}f.LOE - tear (sing.) O}f.LOOU - be torn (sing.) P. S. OX6TIEUOE - intend (sing.) O}f.OTIEUOOU - be aimed at (sing.)
O}f.LO.E- tear (pl.) O}f.LO.SL.E - be torn (pI.) O}f.OTIEUOE.S- intend (pl.) OXOTIEU&ECTE - be aimed at (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
P. S. va OXLOEL - to tear va OXLO.EL -to be torn P.S. va O}f.OTISUOEL - to intend vo; O}f.OTIEU&S{ - to be aimed at
PARTICIPLE
OxL(:ov.a\;; - tearing O}f.LO~~V-O\;;,-n,-O torn PARTICIPLE
(For examples see p. 317) OXOTIEUov.a\;; - intending OXOTISU]l~v-O\;;,-n,-o - having been
-294- aimed at
-295- (For examples see p. 317)
emopnC!:w (1) - to scatter; to disperse
Active Voice, Indicative PassiVe Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passly~ Voice, Indic~tjve
I scatter I am being scattered P. I kill
P. I am being killed, I am killed
oxoort L !:W oxopnC!:0J-lE emopn~!:ouaL oxopn~!:óuaOl:E oxo róvro OXO-rWVOUE emol:WVO\.LaL oxo-rwvóuaOl:E
oxopnC!:ELG oxopn~!:El:E emopn[!:EoaL emopnL!:EOl:E emo-rwvEL(;; emo-rŵvE-rE emo-rŵvEoaL OJ.iO-rWVEOl:E
oxopnC!:EL oxopne!:OUv emopnC!:El:aL emopnC!:oVl:aL OXO-rŴVEL OXOl:WVOUV OJ.iOl:ŴvE-raL oxo-rwvov-raL
I was being scattered P. C. I was killing
P. C. I was being killed
emopnL'óuouV oxopnL!:óuaOl:E oxó-rwva OJ.iOl:ŴVaUE oxo-rwvóuouv oxo-rwvóuao-rE
oxopnL!:óoouV oxopnL!:óoaOl:E OXÓ-rWVEG OJ.iOl:Ŵva-rE OXOl:WVóoouv OJ.io-rwvóoao-rE
oXOpnL'Ól:aV oxopni-!:ovl:av OXÓ-rWVE oxó-rwvav OXol:wvól:av oxo-rwvov-rav
I scattered I was scattered P. S. I killed
P. S. I was killed
oxóonLoa oxopnl.OaJ-lE oxoort L o rnxc oxoprt LorllxaUE oxó-rwoa oxo-rwoaUE OXol:ŵ&nxa oxo-rw&nxaUE
oxopnCOal:E oxopn(.ornxEG oxopn~Ol:~Xal:E
oxÓpnLOEG OXÓ-rWOEG cxo'róoccr s oxo l:ŵ1:}nx E G oxo-rw&nXal:E
oxópnLoE emópnLoav oxopnCO-rnXE oXOpnLOl:nXaV
OXÓ-rWOE emó-rwoav oxO-rŴ&nXE OJ.io-rw{1nxav
F.C. F. C. I shall be killing I shall be killed
&0. oxo-rŵvw &0. OXOl:WVOUE &0. oxo-rWVO\.LaL &0. oxo-rwvóuaOl:E
&0. OXOl:ŴVEL(;; &0. OXO-rWVEl:E &0. OXoTWVEoaL &0. OXOTŴVEO-rE
&0. OXO-rWVEL &0. OXOl:ŴVOUV &0. OXoTWVETaL &0. OJ.iOTWVOVTaL
I shall scatter I shall be scattered I
F. S. I shall
F.S. kill I shall be killed
&0. oxopnCow &0. OJ.iOpnLoo\.LE &0. oXOpnLOl:~ &0. oXOpnLOl:OUUE &0. oxo-rŵow
&0. oXOpnLOl:ElG &0. OXOpnLOl:E~l:E &0. OXOl:WOO\.LE &0. OXOTW&~, &0. OXOTW&O~UE
&0. oxopnLoELG &0. oxopnLoETE &0. OXOl:ŴOEL(;; &0. oXOn00El:E &0. OXOTW&ELG &0. OXOTW&ELTE
&0. oxopnLoEL &0. oxopnCoouv &0. oXOpnLOl:E~ &0. emOpnLOl:OUV aa. OXO-rŴOEL &0. oxo rócouv &0. emOTW&EL &0. OXOTW&OUV
I have been
Pr.P. ~xw emopnCoEL - I have scatter-
scattered
Pr.P. hw OXOl:WOEL - I have killed É:XW OXOTW&E( I have been
ed
E~xa OXOpnLOl:EL- I had been I • killed
P. P. E~)(a oxopnLoEL - I had scatter P.P. ELxa OXOl:WOEL- I had killed ELxa OXOTW&E{ - I had been
ed scattered
&0. lxw OXOpnLOl:E~ - I shall killed
F.P. &0. Éxw oxopnLOEL- I shall have F.P. &0. É:xw OXOl:WOEL- I shall &0. Éxw OXOTW&E~- I shall have
scattered have been scattered
have killed been killed
SUBJUNCTIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. oxopnCh:w - that I m ay be scatter-oxopnC!:OUaL- that I may be P. OXOTWVW- that I may be killing OJ.ioTwvouaL-that I may be killed
ing scattered P. S.
oxopnLoTw-, that I may b e " OXOTŴOW- that I may kill OXOl:w&w- that I may be killed
P•S• OJ.iopnCOW - that I may scatter Pr.P. Éxw OXOTŴOEL- that I may have dxw OXOl:W&EL- that I may have
EXW oxopnLoEL- that I may have EXW oxopnLoTEL - that I may have
Pr.l'. killed been killed
scattered been scattered
IHPERATIVE
IMPERATIVE . P. OJ.iÓTWVE - be killing (sing.) OXOTŴVOU- be killed (sing.)
P. oxópnL~E - be scattering (sing.) oxopnC!:ou- be scattered (slng.)
OXOTŴVETE - be killing (pl.) OXOTWVEOTE- be killed (pl.)
OJ.iOpnC'ETE-be scattering (pl.) oXOpnC!:EOTE-be scattered (~l.) P. S. emóTwoE ~ kill (sing.) OJ.iOTŴOOU - be killed (sing.)
oxópnLoE- scatter (sing.) oxopnLOou- be scattered (slng.)
P. S. OJ.iOTWOTE - kill (plo) OXOl:W&ELTE- b e killed Cp L, )
oxopnCO'E- scatter (pl.) oxopnLOTE~TE- be scattered (pl.)
INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE P. S.
va oxopnLoTEk- to be scattered va OXOTW&EC - to be killed
P. S. va oxopntoEL - to scatter
PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE d OXOTWUÉV-O(;;,-n,-o - killed
'::"':'=-=----:o=x-o=-pnLOUEV-OG, -n, -O - s e a tt er e (For examples see p. 318)
oxopnC!:OVTaG - scattering
(For examples see po 318) -297-
-296-
axu~w (1, tr. and intx.) to bend; to stoop anakw (1) - to break; to fraction; to smash
P.C. I was bending Pr.P. Ëxw axul)JEL- that I may have P.c. ~ was breaking I was being broken
Éaxu~a oxu~a~E bent Eana!:a ona~a~€ ana~ó~ouv ana~Ó~aaT€
ÉaHU~€!;;; axu(3aT€ tanab€!;;; aná!:aT€ ana~óaouv ana~ÓaaaT€
ÉOXU~E ~axu(3av Imperative tana~€ Éana~av OTca~óTav ona~ovTav
P.P. d xa axul)JE L- I had bent P.P. E~xa OnaaEl.- I had broken €l.xa anaaTEL - I had been
Participle / I
broken
ôa dxw axul)JEL- I shall F.P. ôa txw anáa€l. - I shall ôa EXW onaaTEL- I shall
F. P.
have bent have broken have been broken
Passive Participle
axu~~EV-O!;;;,-n,-O- bent
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. ano.!:w - that I may be breakingano.~o~al.- that I may be broken
P. S. anáaw - that I may break anaoTw - that I may be broken
I /
Pr.P. {xw anáa€l. - that I may have EXW anaaTE~- that I may have
* Transitive only in the sentence axui3w TÓ xE~áAL -
I bend my head. broken been broken
IMPERATIVE
P. anabE - be breaking (sing.) ana~ou- be broken (sing.)
'Eaxul)JE o rn v n . He bent towards the earth. anab€TE - be breaking (pl.) aná~€aTE - be broken (pl.)
~XU~O~E TO xE~aAl. aTnv €1. We bend our heads in front of P. S. anáa€ - break (sing.) anáoou - be broken (sing.)
xóva TOU ayLou. the icon of the saint. anaaTE - break (pl.) OnaaT€LTE - be broken (pl.)
~XUl)JE xaTw. Bend down.
a yÉPO!;;; aXU~El. noAu. The old man walks with a stoop. INFINITIVE
/
P. S. va anaa€l. - to break va anaOTEL - to be broken
PARTICIPLE
Onó.1:ovT(X.G - breaking anaa~Év-o!;;;,-n,-O- broken
(For examples see p. 318)
-298- -299-
,
onouoa~w (1) - to study OLUjlU.W (2) - to stop; to halt; to cease
onoóouoe; - study
(plo )
(sing.) F. e.
o.Ujla.nOE o rcud LnOUV
P.S.
(plo
OLUjl6,.noe; - stop
)
(sing.)
I shall be studying P. S. I shall be stopping
F.C.
i I li: &u onouo6,Cw &a onouoaCOjlE &u o.UjlULGS &u OLUjlu.oUjle;
, &a onouo6,(;;EL~ &u onouo6,CE.E
onouo6,O.E- study (pl.) &u o.ujlunl.~
&u o.ujluLd
&u OLUjlUL6.LE
&u onouo6,~EL &u onouo6,~ouv &u OLUjlu.o0v Infinitive
II I
F. S. I shall study
Infinitive
F. S. I shall stop P.S. vu o.UjlU.nOEL- to stop
&a onouoaow &a onouoá.oojlE P. S. vu onouo6,oe;L - to study &u O.UjlULnOW &a OLUjlUn'\OOjlE
I &a onouo6,oEL~
&u onouoaoEL
&u onouo6,oELe;
&u onouo6,oouv
&U OLUjlULnoe;L~ &u O.UjlU.nOE.E
&u OLUj.J.U.nOEL &u O.UjlULnOOUV
Examples: Examples:
~noóouoE .U nULoLa .ou. He sent his children to co:l~ge.
I am studying to be a physlclan. To UULOHeVnLO oLullaLnOE. The car stopped.
~nouoa~w YLULPO~ - ~nouo&.~w ~LujlaLnOE va EVOLU~tPELUL. He lost interest.
1'1'\V Lu.pLHn. H Hapo~6, LOU OLUjlaLnOE
We studied in America. His heart stopped beating.
~nouoaoujlE o t nv AjlEPLHn. vu XLunu.
What are you studying (what is your
TL onouoaCEL~i Aoyw LOU HaLpou OL OOUAELÉ~
major field of studies)? Because of the weather our work
llU~ OLallULOUV LUV XELllwVU. during winter is halted.
-300-
-301-
_j
,
,
Oc~XOUU~* - (4, deponent) - I stand; I stop OT~AVW (1) - to send,' to forward', to d' l.spa t c h
P. O-r11PL6W _ SUBJUNCTIV~
that I may be support- O-rDPLto]J.a~ that I may be
j ng
SUBJUNCTIVE I supported
P. S. g-r11PL!;W - that I may support
P. o-r€VOXWPW -that I may be annoying o-r€VOXw~LE]J.a~-
that I may be S-rDPI.XTW -th~t I may be supported
annoyed Pr.P. EXW OTnPLC€~ - that I may have E:XW O-rllP~X-r€~- that I may have
P.S. o-r€VOxwpËow- that I may annoy OT€VOXWp€&~-that I may be annoyed supported been supported
Pr.P.SXW OT€VOXWpÉOE~-that I may have Éxw o-r€VOXWP€&€L-that I may have IMPERATIVE
been annoyed P. OT1]Pt.[;;E- be supporting (sing.) G-rDPL60U- be supported
annoyed (sing.)
IMPERATIVE O-rDPL6€TE - be supporting (pl.) O-rDPL6EOL€-
P. S. be supported (pl.)
o-rnpl.!;€ - support (sing.) O-rDPLXTOU _ be supported
P. o-r€voxwpa- be annoying(sing.) (sing.)
O-rDPL!;T€- support (pl.) O-rDP~XTE(T€
o-r€VOXwpá-r€-be annoying (pl.) - be supported (pl.)
P.S. o-rEvoXWP110€- annoy (sing.) OT€VOXWpËOOU- be annoyed
O-rEVOXwpnO-rE - annoy (pl.) O-rEVOXWPE&ECT€ -be annoyed INFINITIVE
P.S. va O-rDPt!;E~ - to support I
va O-r11P~XTE~ - to be supported
INFINITIVE
P.S. va OTEVOXWpÉOE~- to annoy va O-rEVOXWPE0E~ - to be annoyed PARTICIPLE
O-rDPL[;;ov-raG - supporting O-rDPt.y]J.EV-OG, -11,-0 - supported
PARTICIPLE (For examples see p. 319)
O-rEVOxwpwv-raG - annoying OTEVOXWPE]J.ÉV-OG,-n,-o - a~noyed -305-
-304- (For examples see p. 319)
,
OeOALbW (1) - to decorate; to adorn; to embellish; to garnish; Oep~vw (1) - to spread; to lay down;
to dress up OTpWVOj.l.al. (4)- to be spread; to be laid down; to lie to sleep
Active, Indicative Passive, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
I decorate I am being decorated P. I spread I am being spread
P.
OeOALbW OeOALbOj.l.E OToALboj.l.aL OToALb6j.l.aOeE OTPWVW OTPWVOj.l.E OTPWVOj.l.aL oTpwv6j.l.aoeE
OeOALbELG OeOALbEeE OeoALbEoaL OeOALbEOeE OePWVELG OTPWVETE OTpwvEoaL oTPwv6oaoTE
OeOALbEL OTOACCOUV OToALbEeaL OTOALboveaL OePWVEL OePWVOUV OTPwvETaL OTpwvovTaL
I was decorating I was being decorated P.C. ~ was spreading I was being
P. C. spread
oT6ALba oTOALbaj.l.E OTOALb6j.l.oUV OeoALb6j.l.aOTE ~oTpwva OTPWVaj.l.E OTPWVÓj.l.ouv oTpwv6j.l.aoTE
oT6ALbEG oeoALbaTE OeOALb6oouv OToALb6oaoTE EOTPWVEG oTPwvaTE oTpwv6oouv
I i oTPwv6oaoTE
OTÓALbE oeóALbav OToALb6Tav OTOALbOVTav ~OTpWVE EOTpwvav OTpwvóTav OTPwvovTav
ÉXW OLOACOEL- I have decorated EXW OTOALOT£L - I have been Pr.P. EXW OLPWOEL- I have spread
Pr.P. I have been
decorated
P.P. I spread
i
P.P. ELxa OTOALOEL- I had decorated E~xa OLOALOTEL - I had been E~xa OTPWO£L- I had spread ELxa oTpw5EL - I had been spread
decorated
I I
50. SXw OLOALOEL- I shall have 50. EXW OTOALOeEL - I shall have F.P. {Jo. ÉXW OTPWOEL- I shall
F.P. 50. £XW OTPOOE{- I shall have
decorated been decorated have spread been spread
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. OLOAL!:W - that I may be OToAL!:Oj.l.aL- that I may be P. OLPWVW - that I may be OTpWVOj.l.aL- that I may be spread
decorating decorated spreading
OTOACOW that I may decorate OTOALoTw-that I may be decorated P. S. qTPwow : that I may spread OTPW{J~ - that I may be spread
P. S.
Pr.P. ÉXW OTOACOEL- that I may have fxw OTOALOeE~-that I may have Pr.P. £Xw OTPWO£L- that I may have €XW OLPw5E{- that I may have been
decorated been decorated spread spread
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
I
OT6ALbE - be decorating (sing.) OeOAL!:OU- be decorated (sing.) P. OTpWVE - be spreading (sing.)oTPWVOU - be spread (sing.)
P.
OTOALbETE - be decorating (pl.) OTOAL!:£OL£- be decorated (pl.) OTP~V£TE- be spreading (pl.) OTPWVEOT£ - be spread (pl.)
oT6ALOE - decorate (sing.) OTOALOOU - be decorated (sing.) P. S. OTP~OE - spread (sing.) OTPWOO~ - be spread (sing.)
P. S.
OeOALOTE - decorate (pl.) oroÂLoTELrE- be decorated (pl.) OTpWOTE- spread (pl.) oTpw5£LTE- be spread (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
P. S.
P. S. va OTOALOEL - to decorate a O ~O'LO~E~
v_ L ~ L
- to be decorated va OLPWOEL- to spread
va OLpw5£L -to be spread
PARTICIPLE
OTOAL!:OVTaG - decorating OeOALOUEV-OG,-n,-o - decorated PARTICIPLE
OTPWVOVTa'"r - spreading
-
(For examples see po 319) OTPWj.l.~V-OG,-n,-o- spread
(For examples see p. 320)
-3C6- -307-
,
OUknl:~ (2) - to discuss; to debate', to argue
OUyxwpw (2,3) - to forgive; to pardon
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. OUr;:nl:~- that I may be dis-
OUyxwpw - that I may be for- OUYXwpLtuaL- that I may be for- OU~nl:l.tuaL- that I may be dis
P. given cussing
giving cussed
OUYXWPE&w-that I may be forgiven P.S. OUr;:l1l:noW - that I may discuss ~u~nl:n&u)- that I may be "
P. S. ouyxwptow- that I may forgive Pr.P. txw oUr;:nl:nOEI.- that I may
Pr.P. Éxw OUYXWPEOEI.- that I may have Éxw OUYXWPE&EC- that I may have EXW oU~n-rn{tEL - that I may have
forgiven been forgiven have discussed been discussed
IMPERATIVE IMPERATIVE
P. Ou~nl:~ - be discussing(sing.)
P. Ouyxwpa - be forgiving (sing.)
our;:l1l:al:E- be discussing(pl.)
oUYXWPUl:E be forgiving (pl.) P. S.
OUYXWPEOOU- be forgiven (sing.) ou1:nl:ryoE - discuss (sing.) OU~n-rnooq - be discussed (sing.)
P. S. OUYXWPEOE - forgive (sing.) our;:nl:DOl:E- discuss (pl.)
OUYXWPE&E~l:E-be forgiven (pl.) ou1:nl:n&ELl:E- be discussed(pl.)
OUYXWPEOl:E -forgive (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
Va. OUYXWPE{tEL-to be forgiven P. S. Va. OUr;:n-rnOEI.- to discuss va oU~nl:n&EL - to be discussed
vu. OUYXWPEOEI.- to forgive
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
OuyxwpWVl:o.s - forgiving OUYXWPEutv-os,-n,-o-forgiven ou1:11l:WVl:a.(; - discussing T ~
OUsll-rnU~V-O(;,-n,-O - discussed
(For examples see p. 320)
(For examples see po 320)
-309-
-303-
,
au~~aCvEL (impersonal verb) - it happens; it occurs; it auvav.w (2) - to meet; to come across
comes to pass
Active Voice- Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
aU~~aeVEL it is happening P. I meet I am met, I am being met
P.
au~~aevouv- they are happening ouvnv rcó auvav.oti~E auvav'l.É~aL auvav'l.Ó~aa'E
auvav.dt;, auvav.d..E auvaV.l.EaaL auvav'L~a'E
auvav.a auvav.otiv auvav.l.É.al. auvav.Lo0v.al.
P. C. auvt~aLvE - it was happening .
auv~~aLvav - they were happen1ng P. C. I was meeting I was being met
auvav.oDj:Ja auvav.oóaa~E auvav.l.O~OUV auvav'LOlJ,aa'E
auvav.ouaEt; auvav.ouaa'E auvav.l.oaouv auvav'Loaaa'E
P. S. auv~~nUE - it happened auvav.ouaE auvav.o0aav auvav.l.ó.av auvav.Lóv.av
auv~~nua\) - they happened
P. S. I met I was met
auvav.naa auvav.f)aalJ,E auvav.f)Gnua auvav'nG{jxalJ,E
F. C. &u au~~aCvEL- it will be happening auvá.vHlaEt; auvav.{jaa'E auvav.f)GnuEs auvav.nGfpia'E
&a au~~aCvouv- they will be happening auvav'naE auvav.naav auvav.{jGnuE auvav.f)Gnxav
F.C. I shall be meeting I shall be met
F.P. &a aU~~E( - it will happen &a auvav.w &a auvav.oUlJ,E Ga auvav'L~lJ,aL Ga auvaV'LOlJ,aa'E
&a au~~ouv - they will happen &a auvav.c:!-t; &a auvav.a'E Ga auvaV'LÉaaL '9(t Q nil (t/)_[ r \Q1. E:
&a auvav.a &a auvav.ouv Ga auvaV'L~.aL Ga. ouvcv r t.o évrc c
I
Pr.P. €XEL aU~~E.L - it has happened F.S. I shall meet I shall be met
, &a auvav.f)aw Ga auvav.{jaOlJ,E Ga auvav.nGw Ga auvav'nGoulJ,E
P.P. ELXE aU~~E.L - it had happened &a auvav.f)aELs Ga auvav.f)aE'E Ga auvav.nGELs Gu auvav.nGE LTE
Gá. auvav.{jaEL Gu auvav.f)aouv Go. auvav'nGEt Ga auvav'nGo0v
/
F.P. &0. EXEL aU~~E~· - it will have , I
happen Pr.P. ixw auvav.f)aEl.- I have met E:XW auvav.nGEL - I have been met
P.P. E~xa auvav.f)aEL- I had met ELxa auvav.nGE~- I had been met
i
F.P. &a EXW auvav.{jaEl.- I shall Go. t;'XW auvav'nGE L - I sh <jill have
have met been) met
Examples: SUBJUNCTIVE
What is going on? What is happening? P. auvav.w - that I may be meet-auvav'L~lJ.aL- that I may be met
TL aU~~aeVELi ing
~uV~~nUE .Cno.a; / Has anything happened?
Do you know what has happened?
P.S. auvav.{jaw- that I may meet auvav.nG~ - that I may be met
g~pE.E r ~ ÉXE l. aU~~E l. i Pr.P. €XW auvav.naEL- that I may ·ixw auvav'nGEL- that I. may .h a v e
Au.o au~~aCvEL .a.u.l.uá. This happens regularly.
have met been met
IMPERATIVE
P. auvav.a - be meeting (sing.)
auvav.d'E- be meeting (pl.)
P.S. auvavHlaE- meet (sing.) cuvc.vr áoou - be met (sing.)
auvav.ria'E- meet (pl.) auvav'nGE~tE- be met (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P. S. va auvavTnGEL - to be met
- 31 o- PARTICIPLE
(For examples see po 321)
- 311-
opákw (1) - to slaughter,' t oll;
k'l to massacre; to butcher
OUVEXLSW (1) - to continue
Passive Voice, Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
Active Voice, Indicative P. I slaughter
I continue I am being continued I am being slaughtered
P. OUVEXe~oua~ ouvEx~~6uaoTE o~a~w O~a~O]lE o~á~ouaL o~a~óuaoTE
OUVEXC~W OUVEXL~OUE O~á~ELs
OUVEXC~ETE OUVEXe~EoaL OUVEXL~EOTE O~á~ETE o~á~EoaL o~a~EoTE
OUVEXe~E~!; O~á~EL o~á~ouv
OUVEXe~E~ OUVEXL~OUV OUVEXL~ETaL OUVEXL~ovTaL o~a~ETaL o~a~ovTdL
P. C. ~ was slaughtering I was being
I was continuing I was being continued slaughtered
P.C. ~o~a~a o~á~aUE
OuvËXL~a OUVEXL~aUE OUVEXL~6uouv OUVEXL~6uaoTE o~a~6uouv o~a~6]laOTE
OUVEXL~6oouv OUVEXL~6oaoTE ~o~a~Es o~á~aTE o~a~óoouv o~a~6oaoTE
OUVÉXI.~E!; OUVEXL~aTE ca~d~E Éo~a~av
OUVÉXL~E OuvËXL~av OUVEXL~6Tav OUVEXL~ovTav o~aSóTav O~á~ovTav
P. S.
I continued I was continued I was slaughtered
P. S.
OuvÉXLoa OUVEXLoaUE OUVEXLoTnKa OUVEXLOTnKaUE o~aXTnKa o~aXTnKaUE
oUVÉXI.OE!; OuvEXLoaTE OUvEXLOTnKE!; OUVEXLoTnKaTE O~áXTnKEs o~aXTnKaTE
OUVÉXLOE OuvËXLoav OUvEXLoTnKE OUVEXLoTnKav O~áXTnKE O~áXTnKav
F. C. I shall be slaughtering
F. C. I shall be continuing I shall be continued
&0. OUVEXL~ouaL &0. OUVEXL~6uaoTE &0. o~á~w &0. O~ár:O]lE
&0. OUVEXL~W &0. OUVEXL~OUE &0. O~á~ELs &0. o~a~ETE
&0. OUVEXL~EI.!; &0. OUVEXL~ETE &0. OUVEXL~EoaL &0. OUVEXL~EOTE
&0. OUVEXL~ETaL &0. OUVEXL~ovTaL &0. O~ár:EL &0. o~a~ouv
&0. OUVEXL~EL &0. OUVEXL~OUV
F. S. I shall slaughter 1 shall be slaughtered
I shall continue I shall be continued
F. S. &0. o~áEw &d O~aEO]lE
&0. OUVEXLOW &0. OUVEXLOOUE &0. OUVEXLOT~ &0. OUVEXLOTODUE ~a o~aXTw; &0. o~aXToJUE
&0. OUVEXLOTE~!; &0. OUVEXLOTECTE &0. o~áEELs &0. o~áEETE \,;0. o~aXTE ~s &0. o~aXTE (TE
&0. OUVEXLOEL~ &0. OUVEXLOETE &0. o~áEEL &0. o~á~ouv
&0. OUVEXLOTE~ &0. OUVEXLOT00v {jo. o~aXTEL &0. o~aXTODV
&0. OUVEXLOEL &0. OUVEXLOOUV
J / Pr.P. ~ have slaughtered I have been slaughtered
8XW OUVEXlOEL- I have continued ËXw OUVEXLOTEL- I have been
Pr.P. t::xw o~áEEL Éxw o~aXTd
continued
ECxa OUVEXLOTE(- I had been
P.P.
F.P.
Eéxa OUVEXLOEL-
, .
&0. EXW OUVEXLOEL-
I ha d continued
I shall have
continued
&0. ÉXW OUVEXLOTEL- I shall have
been continued
P.P.
F.P.
E~xa o~aEEL- I had
slaughtered
&0. ~XW o~aEEL- I shall
I I
ELxa O~a.XTEL - I had been
slaughtered
&0. €X'"~ o ~aXTELI - I shall have
continued
have slaughtered been slaughtered
SUBJUNCTIVE
OUVEXL~ouaL- that I may be SUBJUNCTIVE
P. OUVEXL~W - that I may be P. o~á?:w - that I may be o~ár:O]laL-
continuing continued slaughtering that I may be slaughtered
P. S. OUVEXLOW -that I may continue OUVEXLOTw-that I may be "
I / P. S. ~~aEw -that I may slaughter
~XW OUVEXLOEL - that I may have EXW OUVEXLOTEL- that I may have ?~aXTW -th~t I may be slaughtered
Pr.P. Pr.P. EXW o~áEEL -that I may have
continued been continued EXW o~aXTEL - that I may have been
slaughtered slaughtered
IMPERATIVE
IMPERATIVE
ouvtXL~E - be continuing (sing.) OUVEXL~OU - be continued
(sing.)
P. P. O~a~E - be slaughtering (s.) o~aTou _
OUVEXL~ETE - be continuing (pl. ) OUVEXC~EoTE-be continued (p 1. ) O~á~ETE b 1 h s be slaughtered (sing.)
OUVEXLOOU/- be continued (p 1. ) - e s aug tering(p.)o~a~EOTE be 1 h
P. S. ouvtXI.OE - continue (sing.) P. S. o~ á EE _ slaughter (sing.) o~aXTOu- s aug tered (pl.)
OUVEXCOTE- continue (sing.) OUVEXLOTELTE - be continued (p 1.) o~áEETE- slaughter (pl.) ornaXTE[T~b~ slaughtered (sing.)
~ v be slaughtered (pl.)
INFINITIVE I INFINITIVE
P. S. va OUVEXLOEL - to continue va OUVEXLOTEL- to be continu~d P. S. va o~áEEL- to slaughter Vd o~aXTEL - to be slaughtered
PARTICIPLE
PARTICIPLE
OUVEXL~OVTa~ - continuing O~á~OVTa~ - slaughtering o~aY]lÉv-os,-n,-O - slaughtered
(For examples see p. 321)
(For examples see p. 321)
-312- -313-
OXEOLaSW (1) - to sketch; to make a sketch; to plan; to intend OXnUo.LLSW (1) - to form; to shape; to .fashion
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
P. oxnuaLL!:w-that I may be oxnuaLLsouaL- that I may be
P. oXEoLá.SW- that I may be -Pian-=--OXEoLa.SOUo.L- that I may be
planned forming formed
ning P. S. oxnUaLLow- that I may form
I
oXEOLaOl:W- that I may be planned OxnuaLLoLw- that I may be formed
P. S. oXEoLaow- that I may plan Pr.P.
I •
EXW oxnuaLLoEL - that I may
Éxw OXEOLo.OTE~- that I may have txw oxnuaLLoLE~- that I may have
Pr.P. €XW OXEoLá.OEL- that I may have formed
been planned been formed
have planned IMPERATIVE
IMPERATIVE
P. oxnuá.LLsE- be forming (sing.) oxnuaLLSOU- be formed (sing.)
P. OXEÓCo.!:E- be planning (sing.) OXEOLa.SOU- be planned (sing.)
OXEOLaSEl:E- be planning (pl.) oXEoLaSEoLE- be planned (pl.) oxnuaLLSELE- be forming (pl.) oxnuaLLSEoLE - be formed (pl.)
P. S. oxnuá.LLoE- form (sing.) oxnuaLLooui- be formed (sing.)
P. S. oXEoCaoE - plan (sing.) OXEOLa.OOU~ be planned (sing.)
OXEoLaOLE - plan (pl.) OXEÓLo.Ol:ELLE- be planned (pl.) oxnUaLLoLE- form (sing.) oxnual:LOLELLE - be formed(p1.)
INFINITIVE
P. S.
INFINITIVE va Oxnual:LOLE(- to be formed
- 316 -
OLÉA.VW
gKOTWyW
- 318 -
-319-
I'
/
OUvaVTlu
OTPŴVW
The maid makes the bed. ME OUVáVTTjOE OTOV 6pó~0. He met me in the street.
H unT)pÉTPLa OTP((lVE L TO XPE-
L;UVaVTT)ÔnXa~E nOAAÉG ~opÉG. We have met many times.
~áTL. , • We covere d t h e floo rs of the house rrÓTE ôa OUVaVTTjÔOU~E náAL;
L;TPŴOa~E ~O
, ~LTL ~E xaALa.
,-,oc
with carpets.
When will we meet again?
ea aE ouvaVTnOW aUPLO. I will meet you tomorrow.
Snow has piled up. L;uvávTT)Oav nOAAÉG 6UOXOALEG
TÓOTpWOE (TO ÉOTPWOE) TO They encountered many difficulties on
aTO Ta~L6L TOUG. the trip.
XL ÓV L • I apply myself to my work. I put my
L;TPŴVO~aL OTT) 60UAELá. L;uvaVT~oa~E TPLXU~ea. We encountered foul weather.
nose to the grindstone. OL 6uo 0~a6E~ ouvavTLouvTaL Tomorrow the two teams will meet
;
L;TpŵÔT)Xa xaTayT)~· I lay down. h aUPLo yLa TOV TEALXÓ aywva. for the final match.
The ground was (is) covered wit snow.
H yT) OTPŴôT)XE ~E XLÓVL.
The weather has improved.
O xaLPó~ ~OTPWOE.
The car runs fine.
To aUTOXLVT)TO ÉOTPWOE.
They played a goo d k nife and fork.
L;TpŴÔT)Xav aTO ~aL. OUVEXLkW
They tore into the food.
As soon as he came he sat at the
ea OUVExCmo TLG ortouôéj; ~OU I will continue my studies in Germany.
table. d OTT)V rEp~avLa.
We spread our blankets and lay own
To ~áôT)~a ôa OUVEXLOTEL aUPLO. The lesson will continue tomorrow.
on them. d so you must ~UVÉXLOE TT)V O~LALa oou.
As you have made your be , Continue your talk.
Mr) OUVEXLOE L S. Stop. Do not continue.
lie on it.
AUTÓG O xauyáG OUVEXLOTT)XE YLa This quarrel has been going on for a
nOAuv xaLpó. long time.
O nÓAE~OG TaU av&pŵnou Evav Man's war against cancer is continuing.
TLOV TaU xapXLVOU OUVExC~ETaL.
I
OUYXWPW
I forgive you for what you have done.
The priest forgave the sins of the
wicked man. L;~áEa~E Éva apVL YLa TO rráoxa. We slaughtered a lamb for Easter.
Forgive me. (Pardon me). rrOAAá ~~a O~á~OVTaL XUÔE ~Épa Every day many animals are butchered
They have been pardoned for the yLa TO xpÉaG TOUG. for their meat.
crimes they had committed. OL ~áv6aAOL ~n~xav OTT)V ~ÓAT) The vandals entered the city and
I will forgive you but you have to XaL Éo~a~av ÓAOUG TOUG xa massacred all the inhabitants,
promise that you WlOIl no t do it again. TOLXOU~.
- 321-
- 320-
oxnjJ.a1:C!;;W ,aELB€ów (1) - to travel; to journey; to go on a voyage
I have formed a bad opinion about Indicative
'Exw oxnjJ.a:rLO€L xaxn LBÉa yLd. Subjunctive
this man. P. I travel
,ov áv~pwno au,óv. •
How can we form a triangle?
llwG jJ.nopoujJ.€ va OXnjJ.a,LOOjJ.€ TaELÓE:ÓW "(aELB€óojJ.s P. "(aELBEóW - that I may be
"(aELBsu€LG "(Q.1;LBEUE"(S
Éva ,PLYWVOi . line and form a traveling
lla.LBLá., jJ.ná.~€ 0'1) ypajJ.jJ.n xaL Childrenéget ln "(aELBsu€L "(a!; LÓE:UOUV P.S. "(aELBÉ~w - that I may
oxnjJ.a,Co,,€ Eva XUX,Ao. , circle. travel
Yesterday after the rain a raibow P.C. I was traveling
XTS~ ySTa Tn Spoxn, s~6aps
formed in the sky.
Pr.P. txw "(aELBE~EL - that I
o,ov oupavó va oxnjJ.a'L~€,aL "(aECBEua "(aELB€óajJ.s may have traveled
~va OUpáVLO ,óEo. "(aECóEuEG "(aELBEóa"(s
"(aECBEuE "(aECBEuav
Imperative
P. S. I traveled
"(aECBE~a "(aELBE~ajJ.E P. ,aELBsus - be traveling
"(aECB€~EG "(aELBÉ~a"(s (sing.)
"(aECBE~s "(aELBE~av "(aELBsus"(E- be traveling
(plo )
F. C. I shall be traveling P. S. ,aECBE~E - travel
~a "(aELBsów ~a ,aELBEuojJ.E (sing.)
~a ,aELBEuSLG ~a ,a~LBEóE,E "(aELBE~,E- travel
~a. "(aELBEUEL ~a. ,aELBEóoUV (plo )
F. S. I shall travel Infinitive
~a ,aELBÉ~w ~a raGLBE~ojJ.S
~a. "(aELBÉ~sLG ~a "(aELBE~E,E P.S. va ,aELBÉ~EL - to travel
~a "(a~LBÉ~EL ~a ,aELBE~ouv
Pr.P. c'XW "(aE LBE~E L - I have traveled
P.P. Participle
F.P. ~a Éxw "(aGLBE~EL- I shall have "(aELóEóov,aG - traveling
traveled
Passive Participle
"(aELB€jJ.EV-OG,-n,-o-tra
veled, one who has
traveled much
Examples
-323-
TEÂE~WVW (1) - to finish; to complete; to conclude; to end; "LT)AEQWVu)1, (3,2) - I telephone; I call
to come to an end
Indicative
Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative P. Tteleph~e
Active Voice,
I finish I am being finished "LllAEQWvu5 TllAEQwvo0lJ.E
P. "LEAELwvOlJ.aL "LEAELwv6lJ.aO"LE TllAEQWVE{G
P. TllAEQWV~ that I may be
-
TEÂE~WVW "LEÂE~WVOlJ.E TllAEQWVE CTE
"LEÂE~WVETE "LEAELWVEoaL "LEÂELWVEO"LE TllAEQWVE( TnAEQWvoDV telephoning
TEÂE~WVE~{;
"LEAELWVE"LaL "LEÂELwVOV"LaL P. c. TllAEQWV~OW - that I may
TEÂE~WVE~ TEÂELWVOUV
P. C. I was telephoning J telephone
P. S. EX(J) TnAEQWVnoEL- that I
I was finishing I was being finished TllAEQwvOboa TllAEQwvouoa
P. C. may have telephoned
"LEÂELwva "LEÂELWValJ.E "LEAELWv6lJ.OUV "LEÂELwv6lJ.aO"LE TllAEQWVODoEG TllAEQWVOUOa~~
"LEÂELWVEG "LEÂELWVa"LE "LEAELWv6oouv "LEAELWv6oaO"LE TllAEQwvo6oE TllAEQWVO~oav
"LEÂELWVE TEÂEEwvav "LEÂELWv6"Lav "LEAELWVOV"Lav
P. S. I telephoned
I was finished TllAEQWVnoa TllAEcpWVnOalJ.E
P. S. I finished P. TllAE<Pwva - be telephoning
"LEAE~WoalJ.E "LEAELWÔnxa "LEÂELwÔnxalJ.E TllAEcpWVnoEG TnAEcpWVnoaTE
"LEÂELwoa (sing.)
"LEAELWOa"LE "LEAELwÔnXEG "LEÂELWÔr;Xa"LE TllAEcpWvnoE "LllAE<pwvlloav
TEAEEwOEG "LnAE<PWV~TE - telephone
"LEAEEwoav "LEAELWÔnxE "LEAELOOnxav
"LEAELWOE Cp L, )
F. C. I shall be telephoning
P.S. TllAE<pWVnOE - telephone
I shall be finishing I shall be finished ôa TllAE<PWVu)j Ôd TllAEcpwvoDUE
F. C. (sing.)
ôa "LEAELWVW ôa "LEAE~WVOlJ.E ôa "LEAELWvOlJ.aL ôa "LEÂELwv6lJ.aO"LE ~a TllAE<PWVELG Ôd TllAE<PWVECTE
ôa TEÂELwvEoaL ôa "LEAELWVEO"LE a TllAE<PWVEL ôa TllAE<PWVODV telephone
ôa TEAE~WVEL{; ôa "LEAELWVE"LE (p 1.)
ôa "LEAELWVEL Ga "LEAELWVOUV ôa "LEAELWVE"LaL ôa "LEÂELWVOV"LaL
F. S. I shall telephone
I shall finish I shall be finished ôa TllAE<PWV~OW ôa TllAE<PWVnOOUE
F. S.
ôa "LEAELWoW ôa "LEAELWOOlJ.E ôa "LEAELWÔ~ ôa "LEÂELWÔ00lJ.E ôa TnAE<pWvnoELG ôa TllAEQWVnOE"LE
ôa "LEAELWÔELG ôa "LEAELWÔEL"LE ôa TllAE<PWV~OEL ôa TnAE<pWVnoouv P. S. va TllA E(PWV!\OE L - to
ÔU "LEAELWOELG ôa "LEAELWOETE
ôa "LEAELWÔE~ ôa "LEAELWÔOÓV telephone
ôa "LEAELWOEL ôa "LEAELWOOUV
Pr.P. iixw TllAE<PWVn'oEL- I h ave telephoned
txw TEAELWaEL - I have 8XW "LEAELWÔE{ - I have
been XELG ... etc.
Pr.P. finished
finished I
ELxa "LEÂELWÔE~- I had been P. P. ELxa TllAE<PWV~OEL- I h ad telephoned
P.P. EtXa "LEAELWOEL- I had 'I
finishéd j finished
F.P. ôa Éxw TEAELWOEL- I shall ôa EXW "LEAELWÔE~ - I shall have F. P. ôa txw "LllAEQWV~OEL
'I
- I shall have
have finished been finished telephoned
SUBJUNCTIVE
"LEÂELWVW -that I may be "LEAELWVOlJ.aL- that I may be
P.
finishing finished
"LEAELWOW - that I may finish "LEÂELWÔW- that I may be finished
P. S.
Éxw "LEÂELŴOEL- that I may have Éxw "LEÂELWÔEL - that I may have
Pr.P.
finished been finished
IMPERATIVE
"LEÂELWVOU- be finished (sing.) They called me yesterda
P. "LEAEEWVE- be finishing (sing.) He (she) calls me everyYday.
"LEAELWVETE- be finishing (pl.) "LEAELWVEO"LE- be finished (pl.)
"LEÂELWOOU - be finished (sing.) They have no t ye t called.
P. S. "LEAELWOE - finish (sing.) Have you called each other?
"LEAELWO"LE- finish (pl.) "LEAELWÔE~rE- be finished (pl.)
Who called? .
I will call you tomorrow.
INFINITIVE
va "LEAELWÔEL - to be finished-
P. S. va "LEAELWOEL - to finish
PARTICIPLE -325-
"LEAELWVOV"LaG _ finishing "LEÂELWlJ.~V-oG,-n,-o - finished
(For examples see p, 335)
-324-
r-
t O cost; to be worth
I
.L).LWI (2) - to honor;. to respect; to revere; TpaSw (2) - to pull; to draw; to drag; to tow
I I Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Active Voice, Indicative Pas s i v e. V O i e e, lEd i e a t'.:!: v e
I
I honor I arn honor~ P. I pull
P. I I
TL ui.óuco-r e I am being pulled, I am pulled
.LU01.)US,TLj..Laus .VJ-LLEJ-Lq.~ .paSeS Tpaj3oÓ]..LI:: -rpaj3LEJ-LaL -rpa!3LÓJ-LaOTS
HUu! I TLULÉOTS
.Lucir;; .LU(l1:S TLULÉoaL .pa!3~r;; Tpa!3áTE Tpaj3LÉoaL Tpaj3LÉoTs
. I
I
.LUOUV 1:LULE1:aL .LULouv.aL 1:pa!3á TPa!306v
.!,.ua Tpa!3LÉTaL Tpa!3LouvTaL
I I
I
TpayOuo~ (2) - to sing ~ (1) - to tremble; to shiver; to shudder; to quake
Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Indicatiye
Active Voice, Subjunct;Lve
I am being sung, I am sung P. I tremble
P. I sing / TpayouoLE~o.L TPo.YOUOLÓ~o.OTE
Tpayouow TPo.YOUOOU~E* TpÉ~W TPE~O~E P. & P. S.
TPo.youoáTE TPo.YOUOLÉOo.L TPo.YOUOLÉOTE TPÉ~ELG
Tpayouoá.G TPÉ~ETE
TPo.youoouv TPo.YOUOLÉTo.L TPo.YOUOLOUVTo.L TPE~EL
Tpayouoa. TPE)lOUV TPE~W - that I may be trembling,
I was being sung that I may tremble
P. C. I was singing Imperative
TPo.youoOUOo.~E TPo.YOUOLÓ~OUV Tpo.YOUOLÓ~o.OTE P.C.& I was trembling
TPo.YOU000°0. TPo.YOUOLÓOOUV TPo.youoLóoaaTE
TPo.you60uOEG TPo.you60UOo.TE P. S. I trembled P. & P. S.
TPo.youoouoo.v TPo.YOUOLÓTo.V TPo.YOUOLÓVTo.V I
TPo.YOUOOÓOE ~TPE~o. TPE~o.~E
ETPE~EG TptjJ,o.TE TpÉ~E - be trembling, tremble
I sang I was sung ÉTPE~E
P. S. Tpo.YOUOTj&nXo.~E ÉTPE~o.V (sing.)
TpayouoTjoo. Tpo.you6ŷ\oo.~E Tpo.youo"ri-5Tjxo.
TPo.youon-5TjXEG TPo.youoTj&nXo.TE TPE~ETE - be trembling, tremble
TPo.you6TjOEG TPo.YOUOŶ\Oo.TE Cp L, )
TPo.YOUOŷ\-5TjXE Tpo.y ouôf &TjX cv
TPo.YOUOTjOE TPo.you6TjOo.v F.C.& I shall be trembling Infinitive
F. S. I shall tremble
F. C. I shall be singing I shall be sung
&(1, TPE~W &0. TPÉ~O~E P.& P.S.
&0. TPo.you6~ &0. TPo.you600~E -50. TPo.you6LE~o.L &0. Tpo.you6LÓ~o.OTE
&0. Tpt~ELG &0. TPË~ETE
&0. TPo.YOUÔa.G &0. TPo.youoaTE -50. TPo.YOUOLEOo.L &0. TPo.you6LEOTE &0. TPt~EL &0. Lpt~OUV
-50. TPo.YOUOLETo.L &0. TPo.you6LOUVTo.L va TPE~EL- to be trembling, to
&0. TPo.you6a &0. TPo.youoouv tremble
Pr.P. Éxw Tpo.youonOEL- I have sung EXW TPo.you6Tj&EL -I have been Examples:
ÉXELG ••• etc. sung
iXELG TpayouonOEL
etc. H yn o.nó TUV OELO~Ó E- The earth was trembling because of
ELxo. TPo.YOUOŶ\OEL - I had sung 1"pE)lE. the earthquake.
P.P.
/ sung TpÉ)lo.)lE o.n6 TO }(,pUo. We were shivering because of the cold.
F.P. &0. EXW TPo.youonOEL- I shall have &0. ~XW TPo.YOUYTj&E(- I shall o OELO~6G XUV€L TTj yTj The earthquake makes the earth
sung have been sung vo, TPE)lE L. tremble.
'ELPE)lo. o.n6 TUV ~óBo ~OU. I was trembling from fear.
* Also TPo.YOUO~~E Anó 1"0 nOAu xpuo Ta 66v- Our teeth were chattering because of
SUBJUNCTIVE LLO. )laG tTPE)lo.V. the cold.
P. TPo.you6~ _ that I may be singing TPo.YOUOLE~o.L- that I may be sung TPÉ~EL yLo. TT] STW_,('I TOU.
~ He fears for his life.
TPo.YOUoTj&w-that I may be sung Tpt;)lW oo;v TO l~ápL. I tremble like a fish (when caught
P.S. TPo.yOUOŷ\ow -that I may sing
Pr.P. ~XW Tpo.you6nOEL-that I may
txw TPo.you6Tj&EC-that I may have and brought out of the water).
have sung been sung
IMPERATIVE
P. TPo.yOUOo. - be singing (sing.)
TPo.you6~TE- be singing (pl.)
TPo.you6TjOE-sing (sing.) TPo.you6noou- be sung (sing.)
P. S.
n
TPo.you6 OTE- sing (pl.) TPo.YOUOTj&ELTE - be sung (plo)
INFINITIVE
vu Tpo.YOUOTj&d' - to be sung
P. S. va Tpo.YOUOŶ\OEL - to sing
PARTICIPLE
TPo.you6LO~ÉV-OG,-Tj,-0- sung
TPo.YOUOWVTo.G-singing (For examples see p. 336)
-329-
-32B-
~ (I) - to run -cpC~Ul - (1) - to rub;
SUBJUNCTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
eating "t"pWYOuaL- that I may be eaten P.
P. "t"PŴYW - that I Day be LUALYW - that I may be wrapping1:UALyoUaL- that I may be wrapped
cpaywo~- that I may be eaten P. S.
P. S. cpayw- that I may eat T.UAGGW - that I may wrap 1:UALX1:Ŵ- that I may be wrapped
Éxw cpÓ.YEL- that I may have
txw cpaywoEL- that I may have Pr.P. ~Xw T.uACEEL- that I may have €XW LUALXLE( -that I may have
Pr.P. been eaten
eaten wrapped been wrapped
IMPERATIVE . IMPERATIVE
~::.::...c=~=---"t"PWyOU- be eaten (Slng.) P. LUALYE-be wrapping (sing.) 1:UALYOU- be wrapped (sing.)
TPWYEOTE- be eaten (pl.) LUALYELE- be wrapping (pl.) LUALYS1:E- be wrapped (pl.)
cpayou - be eaten (sing.) P. s. 1:UALEE - wrap (sing.) 1:UALEou.- be wrapped (sing.)
P. S. cpaYWOE~"t"E- be eaten (pl.) 1:UALXLS- wrap (pl.) 1:UALX1:€LLS- be wrapped (pl.)
INFINITIVE INFINITIVE
P. S.
va cpaYWoE~ - to be eaten P. s.
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
cpaYWUEv-OG,-n,-o- eaten
1:UALYU~V-Os,-n,-o- wrapped
(For examples see ppo 336,
337) (For examples see p. 33J)
-332- - 333-
to come to pass
.uxaCvw (1) - to meet by chance; to occur;
TÉAElwaE TO VEpÓ.
Subjunctive
nÓTE TEAElWVOUV Ta liaSrll1aTa;
There is no more water.
Indicative
I occur TÉAElwaav Ta l.j;É IJ.aTa.
When do the lessons end?
P. P. TUXaCVW - that I may
-ruxaCvw .uxaCVOl.J.E be occurring We cannot deceive ourselves anymore.
.uxaCVE; vc • uxaCvE.E Tov TÉAElWaaV aTO ~UAO.
We have to face reality.
• uxaCvouv P.S. TUXW - that I may
.uxaCvEL occur They beat him badly (beat him to death) .
NOl1i<;w nw,;- I1ÉXPt aupto Sa TEAElWaOUI1E.
Pr.P. ~xw TUXEL- that I may To KTlPto Sa TEAElWaEl o e Éva I1rlva.
By tomorrow I think We will have finished .
P. c. have occurred nÓTE Sa TEAElWaEl';-; The building will be completed in one month.
When will you finish?
Imperative
P. S. I occurred TuxaLVE - be occuring To axoAElo l1a,;- KáSE Xpóvo TWá
.Uxal.J.E P. TOU';- EUEpyÉTE';- TOU. Every year our school pays tribute
e:.uxa (sing.) to its benefactors.
É.uXEs .uxa.E TuxaCvETE - be occurring Tov Tll1'rlaav llE I3pal3Elo.
i.UXE É.uxav (p 1.)
They honored him with a prize.
'EXEl Tt II T)SEl llE TO ypaq,Eio Nó II nEA.
TUXE - occur (sing.) Ttl1áTE TOU';- yovE{,;- aa,;-.
He has been awarded the Nobel prize.
P. S. Honor your parents.
F. c. To KaAó natô{ Ttl1á TOV naTÉpa Kat
TUXS.E - occur (pl.) TT) I1T)TÉpa TOU. The good child honors his father and
mother.
Ilóoo Ttl1áTat aUTó TO npáYl1a;
How much does this thing cost?
Infinitive
F. S. I shall occur
ôa .Uxw ôa .ÓXOl.J.E P. S. va TUXEL - to occur
ôa .ÓXELs ôa .UXE""[E Tpal3w TO aXOtv(
ôa .uxouv I pull the rope.
ôa ""[UXEL Tpal3w r« l1aAAtá 110U.
Tov Tpal3á anó TT) iJ.\hT).
I pull my hair. (I am in great distress)
Pr.P. "
~Xw .UXEL- I have occurred Tpal3á xourrf. He pulls him by the nose. (He controls him.)
He rows.
Participle MT) llE Tpapá,;-.
P. P.
occurred Do no pull me.
Tpál3T)~E l1axalpt.
TuxaLVOVTas - occurring Tpal3w noAAá.
He pulled a knife (to kill).
F.P. ôa txw ""[ÓXEL- I shall have
Tt Tpal3w!
I suffer a lot.
occurred What am I going through! O, what I
have to go through!
Tpál3a TT) ÔOUAElá o ou.
Mind your own business.
Tou Tpál3T)~E Éva II náTao.
To acj>ouyyápt Tpal3á VEpÓ.
He spanked him. He boxed his ears.
Examples The sponge absorbs water.
To KaAó Kpaal Tpal3á KaAó I1E<;É.
This hap~ens every d:~y' (happened). Tpal3á TO Kpaal.
The good wine goes with a good tidbit.
AU.ó TUXaeVE:.L Xa.,:rE v.Épa. He likes wine. (He drinks.)
T h is occurred yester OO
- 335 -
-334-
Ml)TE WJ..lóS' TpwyEO'al, J..l l)TE i.(Jlj J..lÉvoS'. (You cannot be eaten either raw or
rpayoyÔu5 cooked.) Y?u never agree on anything.
He (she) sings beautifully. 'Etj>ayE Ta VtáTa T01J O'Ta ~Éva. He spent hIS youth in foreign countries
Tpayo1JÔá wpala. When are you going to sing? To na'ATó J..lOU ÉXEt tj>aywSd. My overcoat is worn out. .
TIÓTE Sa Tpay01JÔrlO'ElS' His deeds were sung by the people. T~ TIaATÓ J..l01J ElVat tj>aywJ..lÉvo. My overcoat is worn out.
T« KaTopSwJ..laTá T01J Tpayo1JÔrlSllKav <PayE. TpwyE. Eat. Keep eating.
«rró TOV Aaó. Sing a song for us. To aUTOKlVljTO TpWEl TIOAAl) j3EV(lVlj. The car uses too much gasoline.
TpayouÔljO'É J..laS' Éva TpayouÔt. He (she) has never sung. 'E.hayE
't' óAa Ta 'I\E't'Ta
.h ' TOU O'TtS' He wa~ted all his money having
D..EV ÉXEl Tpay01JÔrlO'El nOTÉ. ÔtaO'KEÔáO'ElS'. good ume.
:Etj>aYE TllV nEp01JO'la TOU O'Ta xapná. He lost all his money playing cards.
,Etj>aYE r« AEtj>Tá rns EKKAljmaS'. He embezzled the church money.
I rub my hands to get them warm. ,Etj>aYE ÔUO XPÓVW tj>uAaKl). He was sentenced to two years in prison
Tplj3w Ta XÉpw J..l01J yw va C;;EO'TaSoUv. I rub my hands with joy. ( I am very glad with Etj>ayE TO KEtj>áAl T01J. He lost his life. .
Tplj3w Ta XÉpw J..l01J anó xapá. something that has happened.) TIlO'W, ytaTl 0" Étj>aya. Go bac~, o~herwise I will kill you.
I rub myself with alcohol/because I have a Tov TpwyW O'TO TpÉ~lJ..lO. I beat him ill the running.
Tplj3oJ..lat J..lE ornp ro ytaTl Éxw KpUO. M' Étj>ayE va náJ..lE O'TOV xopó.
cold. She was forever bothering me to go to the
I rub my eyes over what I am seeing. dance.
I cannot believe what I see. Mou Étj>aYE Ta auná J..l0U. She kept dinning something into my
We grind the cheese. ears.
Tplj3oJ..lE TO T1JP{. The wheel rubs against the axle-tree. <paywSljKE va tj>uyEl aTIó r nv A J..lEptKl). He was very anxious to leave America.
O TPOXÓS' Tplj3ETat návw O'TOV á~ova. The cheese has not been ground well. TpwyETat J..lE TOUS' yElTOVÉS' TOU. He quarrels with his neighbors.
To TUpl ÔEV ÉXEl Tpttj>TEl KaAá.
This suit is worn out.
AUTrl lj tj>opEO'lá ElVal TPlJ..lJ..lÉVll.
- 336-
- 337 -
uy~aCvw*(l) - to be in good health; to be well unaxouw (1) - to obey; to listen to
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I obey
Subjunctive unaxouw unaXOUOj.J.E P. unaxouw - that I may be
Indicative unaxouE~s
I am in good health unaxouELE obeying
uy~aCvOj.J.E va uy~al.vw - that I may be unaxouE~ vnaxououv P. S. unaxouow -that I may obey
uy ~aCvw in good health
Vy~aCvE~s uy~al.VELE
P.C. I was obeying
,
uy ~aCvE ~ vy~aCvouv Impeartive Pr.P. EXW unaxouoE~- that I may
una.xoua unaxoUaj.J.E have obeyed
uyCa~vE - be in good health una.xouEs unaxouaLE
(sing.) unáxouE unaxouav
uy~al.VELE- be in good health Imperative
(p 1. ) P. S.
* The verb occurs only in
Infinitive
I obeyed
unáxouoa unaxouoaj.J.E
the present tense. P. unaxouE - be obeying
Vd. Uy~aCvE~ - to be in good unáxouoEs unaxouoaLE (sing.)
health una.xouoE una.xouoav unaxouELE - be obeying
Participle (p L, )
uy~aevovLaS - being in good F. C. I shall be obeying
health {lu. unaxouw 30. unaxouoj.J.E P.S. unaxouOE - obey (sing.)
3u. unaxouE~s 30. unaxouELE
30. unaxouE~ 30. unaxououv unaXOÓOLE - obey (pl.)
F. S. I shall obey
30. unaxouow 3u. vnaxouooj.J.E Infinitive
30. unaxouoE~G 30. unaxouoELE
3d. unaxouOE~ 30. unaxouoouv P. S. va unaxoÓOE~- to obey
Examples
-333 -
-339-
unâpxw (1) - to exist; to be un8p~xw (1) - to be superior; to surpass; to excel
Examples
-340-
(2,3) - to serve; to be in the service of unoypácpw (I) to sign
unoypáp0jJ.aL (4) - to undersign
Indicative Passive Vo;ice, Lndicative
Active Voice,
I am served Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice,
P. I serve P. Indicative
unnPE-r00jJ.E iJnnps-rQ\JjJ.aL unnpE-roUjJ.aO-CE I sign I undersign
unnps-rw unoypácpw
I
unnpE-ra-rE unnps-cs~oaL unnpE-rELO-CE unoypacpojJ.E unoypá(j)ouaL
unnpE-ró.(;; unoypacpEL(;; unoypacpóuao-rE
I
unnpE-rOU\I unnps-rsL-raL unnpE-roU\I-raL unoYPó'cpE-rE unoYPó'cpEoaL
unnpE-ra unoypacpEL unoypacpEO-CE
unoypacpou\l unoYPó'cpEtaL unoypacpo\la-rL
P. C. I was serving I was being served
unnpE-rOUUOU\l unnpE-roujJ.ao-rE P. C. I was signing
unnpE-roóoa unnpE-rouoaUE I was undersigning
unnpE-rouoa-rE unnpE-rOUOOU\l unnPE-couoao-rE unóypacpa unoypacpajJ.E
unnPE-ro60E(;; unoypacpóuou\l unoypacpóuao-rE
unnpE-rouOa\l unnpE-roU\I-ra\l unnpE-roU\I-ra\l unóypacpE(;; unoypacpa-cs
unnpE-rOUOE unoypacpóoou\l unoypaCPóoao-CE
un:óypacpE unóypacpa\l unoypacpó-ra\l unoypacpo\l-ra\l
P.S. I served I was served
unTlPnn&nxa unnpE-cn&nxajJ.E P.S. I signed I undersigned
unnpt-rnoa UnnpEl:nOaUE
unnpE-cn&nXE(;; UnnpEl:n&nXal:E un:óypal!Ja unoypál!JaUE unoypacpl:nxa
unnpt-cnOs(;; UnnpEl:nOal:E urtov pacpl:nxajJ.E
ormoé rnocv unnpE-rn&nXE UnnpEl:n&nXa\l unóypal!JE(;; unoypal!Jal:E unoypácpl:nXE(;;
unnptl:nOE unoypacpl:nXal:E
unóypal!JE unóypal!Ja\l unoYPó'cpl:nXE unoYPó'cpl:T)xa\l
F. C. I shall be serving , I shall be served
&0. UnnPEl:OójJ.aL &0. UnnpEl:OUjJ.d.O-CE F. C. I shall be signing
&0. UnnpEl:ó) &0. unnPEl:~0UE I shall be,undersigning
&0. UnnpEl:Ó:yE &0. UnnpEl:e:LOaL &u UnnpEl:OUOaOl:E &0. unoypó,cpw &0. unoypacpoUE &0. unoypa.cpouaL &0. unoypacpóuaOl:E
&0. UnnpEl:ó.(;;
&0. UnnpEl:OU\l &0. UnnpEl:ELl:aL &0. UnnpEl:OU\ll:aL &u. unoypácpEL(;; &rx. unoypacpE-CE &0. unoYPó'cpEoaL &0. unoypaCPEOl:E
&0. UnnpEl:ó'
&u. unoypacpEL &0. unoypacpou\l &0. unoypacpEl:aL &0. unoYPó'cpo\ll:aL
F. S. I shall serve I shall be served
&0. unnPE-cn&~ &0. unnPEl:n&o0jJ.E F. S. I shall sign
&0. UnnpEl:nOW &0. unnpE-cnOOjJ.E I shall undersign
&0. unnpE-cnOEl:E &0. UnnpEl:n&SC(;; &0. UnnPEl:n&EL-CE &0. unoypal!Jw &0. unoypal!JojJ.E &0. unoypacp~ &0. unoypacpoÓjJ.E
&0. UnnpEl:nOEL(;;
&0. UnnpEl:nOOU\l &0. UnnpEl:n&EL &0. UnnpEl:n&OU\I &0. unoypal!JEL(;; &0. unoypal!JEl:E &u. unoypo.cpE~(;; I
&0. unoypacpELl:E
&0. UnnpEl:nOEL &0. unoypál!JEL &0. unoypal!Jou\l &0. unoypacpEC &0. unoypacpou\I
Pr.P. xw UnnPEl:nOEL-
J.
to I have served ~Xw UnnpEl:n&€~ ~ I have been
€XEL(;; UnnpEl:n&Ec served Pr.P. EXW unoypál!JEL- I have signed EXW unoypo.CPE{ - I have under
ÉXEL(;; •••• etc.
etc. / ÉXEL(;; '" etc. tXELG •••• etc. signed
P.P. Eéxa UnnpEl:nOEL- I had served ELXo. UnnpEl:n&EL- I had been
served P.P. ELxa unoypál!JEL- I had signed ELxa unoypacpE{ - I had under
F.P. &u Éxw UnnpEl:nOEL - I shall &0. ~Xw UnnPEl:n&E~ - I shall have signed
have served been served F.P. &0. Éxw unoYPó'l!JEL- I shall have &0. Éxw unoypa(j)EL- I shall have
signed undersigned
SUBJUNCTIVE
(with \lo.,~o. \Io., ól:a\l e~c.) SUBJUNCTIVE
P. unnpE-rc6 - that I may be serving unnpETouUaL- that I may be (with vo., YLo. vo., ó rcrv e t c . ) /signing
served P. unoypacpw - that I may be signing unoypacpojJ.aL-that I may be under-
P.S. UnnpEl:nOW- that I may serve UnnPEl:n&~ - that I may be served P.S. unoypál!Jw - that I may sign unoypacp~ - that I may undersign
Pr.P. Éxw UnnpEl:nOEL- that I may €XW UnnpEl:n&EL - that I may have Pr.P. Éxw unoypal!JEL- that I may have Éxw unoypo.cpE~- that I may have
have served been served signed undersigned
IMPERATIVE
IMPERATIVE P. unóypo.cpE- be signing (sing.) unoypácpou - be undersigning~ing.)
P. unnptl:o. - be serving (sing.) unoYPó'cpEl:E - be signing (pl.) unoypácpEO-CE-be undersigning(pl.)
unnpE-rál:E - be serving (pl.) P.S. unóypal!JE- sign (sing.) unoypal!Jou- undersign (sing.)
P. S. unnptl:nOE - serve (sing.) ~~~~E-cnoou -be served (sing.) unoypal!Jl:E- sign (pl.) unoypacpE~l:E - undersign (pl.)
unnpE,~Ol:E - serve (pl.) UnnPEl:n&Eé-CE - be served (pI.) INFINITIVE
P.S. \la unoypal!JEL - to sign
\IQ urroypa,cpEL- to undersign
INFINITIVE /
\Io. UnnpEl:n&E~ - to be served PARTICIPLE
P. S. \la UnnpEl:nOEL - to serve unoypacpo\l-caG - signing
unoYEypo.U~E\I-OG,-n,-o - under
PARTICIPLE signed
343- (For examples see p. 349)
(For examples see po 349)
-342-
UTTOUÉVW (1) - to endure; to bear The verb occurs only in the active voice. UTIOO.T)pLkW (1) - to support; to back
Indicative Subjunctive (with va, yta va, ÓTaV etc.) Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
P. I support I am supported
P. I endure UTIOOLT)PLkW UTIOOLT)PLkOllE
UTTollÉVW urrouévouue P. UTTOIlÉVW - that I may be UTIOOLT)pekOlla~ UTIOOLT)p~kÓllaOLE
enduring UTIOOLT)PLkE~s UTIOOLT)PLkELE UTIOOLT)pLkEoa~ uTIOOLT)PLkEOLE
UTTollÉVElS UTTollÉVETE UTIOOLT)PLkE~ UTIOCLT)PLkOUV
P.S. UTTOIlElVW - that I may endure UTIOOLT)PLr;:ELaL UTIOOLT)PLkOVLaL
UTTollÉVEl UTTollÉVOUV
INFINITIVE
P. S. va UTIOO.T)pt~E~- to support Vd UTIOa~nPLX~E{- to be supported
- 344 -
PARTICIPLE
UTIOOLT)PLYllÉv-os,-n,-o- supported
(For examples seQ p. 349)
-345-
unopÉpw (1) - to suffer; to endure; to bear
un6axollaL (4, a deponent verb) - to promise
Indicative Subjunctive
Indicative Subjunctive
P. I suffer (w i t h vc , YLa va, óTavetc.)
I promise (with va, yLu va, óTav etc.)
unocpÉpw unocpÉpoUE
unÓaXOllaL ortoovóuco-r e unocpÉpELs P.
P. unóaxouaL -that I may be t.>TtOcpÉPETE uno<.pÉpw - that I may be
unóaXEaaL un6aXEaTE unocpÉPEL
, promis ing unocpÉpcuv suffering
un6aXETaL unóaxovTaL
P.S. unoaXE0uS - that I may P.S. unocpÉpw - that I may
, promise P. e. I was suffering suffer
P.C. I was promising unócpEPya unocpÉpvaUE
Pr.P. EXW unoaXE0E{ -that I may Pr.P. €XW unocpÉPEL - that I may
unóaxóuouv unoaxóuaaTE unócpEpvEs unocpÉpvaTE
unoaxóaouv unoaxóaaaTE have promised have suffered
unócpEPvE unócpEPvav
unoax6Tav un6axovTav Imperative
Imperative
P. S. I suffered
P. S. I promised unóCPEpa unocpÉpaUE P. unócpEPE - be suffering
unoaxÉ0nlia unoaXE0ÝjliaUE P. unóaxou - be promising
(sing.) unócpEPEs unocpÉpaTE (sing.)
unoaxÉ0nliEs unoaXE0ÝjliaTE unóCPEPE unócpEpav
unóaXEaTE- be promising UnO<.pÉpE1:E-be suffering
unoaxÉ0nliE unoaxÉ0nliav
(p l , ) (p 1. )
P.S. unoaXE00u - promise
F. e. I shall be suffering P.S. unó<.pEpE - suffer (sing.)
F. e. I shall be promising
i (sing.) 0a unocpEpw 0a unocpÉpoUE
0a unóaxouaL 0a unoaxóuaaTE 0a unocpEPELs 0a unocpÉPETE
unoaXE0ELTE- promise unocpÉpE1:E- suffer (pl.)
0a unóaXEaaL 0a unóaXEaTE 0a unocpÉPEL 0a uno<.pÉpouv
0~ unóaXETaL 0a un6axovTaL (p 1.)
Infinitive
------- F.S. I shall suffer Infinitive
F.S. I shall promise Ga unocpÉpw 0a unocpÉpoUE
0a unoaXE0w 0a unoaXE000UE P.S. va unoaXE0EL - to promise 0a unocpEPELs Ga unocpEpETE P.S. va unocpÉpEL - to suffer
0a unoaXE0ELs 0a unoaXE0EGTE 0a unocpEPEL 0a unocpÉpouv
0a unoaXE0E~ 0a unoaXE00ov
Pr.P. Éxw unocpÉpEL- I have suffered
Pr.P. ~xw unoaX80E~- I have promised ÉXELs .. etc.
1
E:XELs .... :' .e t c . l'artici~
unoaXEUÉv-OS,-n,-O - pro P. P. ELxa unocpEPEL- I had suffered
P.P. ELxa unoaXE0E~- I had promised unocpÉpov1:as - suffering
mised
F.P. 0a Éxw unocpÉPEL- I shall have
F.P. Ga ~xw unoaXE0EC- I shall have suffered
promised
Examples
-346-
- 34 '1-
u~WVW (1) - to raise; to elevate; to hoist Examples of uses of verbs beginning with Y:
Passive Voice, Indicative YnnpÉLnaE CLOV aLPaLó y~a. He served in the army for two
Active Voice, Tndicative
I am raised 6uo xpóv~a. years.
P. I raise
O unnpÉLn~ unnPELEC LOV xóp~ The servant serves his master
u~WVW U~WVO~E u~wvo].J.a~ v~wvó].J.a.aLE
Ó LOU 'É].J.n~aLa.
U~WVE~~ U~WVELE u~wvEaa.~ u~wvEaLE faithfully.
u~WVOVLa.L 'OLaV nLav aLO voaOXO].J.ELo When he was at the hospital he was
U~WVE~ u~WVOUV u~wVELa~
unnPELoóvLav a.na LpEL~ VOOuxó looked after by. three nurses.
I was being raised UE~.
P. C. I was raising
v~wvó].J.ouv u~wv6].J.aaLE To 1940 unnpÉLnaa aLO 6UL~x6 In 1940 I served in the Western
ó~wva u~Wva].J.E ué rcon o ,
~~WVE~ u~wvaLE u~wv6aouv u~wv6aaaLE Front.
U~WVE ~~wvav u~wvóLav U~wvovLav
unoypá(j?w
P. S. I raised I was raised
u'~waa u~waa~E u~wanxa. u~waf}xa~E
OL ~Ó].J.~a.XO~ unóypa.~av Ln auv- The Allies signed the peace treaty.
D~waE~ u~waa.LE U~WanXE~ u~w5f}xaLE
anxn ELPnvn~.
~~waE u~waav u~wanxE u~w5nxa.v
AVPLO ~a. unoypá~oME Tomorrow we will sign the contract
I shall be raised Âa.~a y~a. LO vÉo ~~ an~L~. for our new house.
F.C. I shall be raising
aa. u~wvo].J.a~ ôo, u~(J)Vó~aaLE
YnÓypa~E e:6ŵ LO óvo~á aou. Sign your name here.
aa. u~wvw 5a. U~WVO~E
Ta / ypá~~aLa 6~v Éxouv unoypa- The letters have not yet been
5a U~WVE~~ aa U~WVELE aa. u~WvEaa.~ au u~wvEaLE /
(j)E~ cocouc , signed.
5a U~WVE~ 5a. u~wvouv 5a U~WVELa.L 5u U~wvovLa~
rro~o~ &ct unoypá~E~i Who is going to sign?
F. S. I shall raise I shall be raised
aa. u~waw 5a. u~WaO].J.E aa u~w56 5a u~waOU].J.E
unoaLnpC~w
5a u~waE~~ 5a u~waELE aa. U~w5E(~ aa. u~wadLE
5a u~waEL aa u~waouv aa u~w5d aa u~w50uv
~L~~ EXÂoyÉ~ 50. unoaLnp~Eo~E In the elections we will support
LO 6n~OXpaL~l<Ó xóuuo., the Democratic party.
Pr.P. txw
I
u~waE~- I have raised £xw U~W5EL - I have been raised
~LL~ LEÂEuLaLE~ EXÂoyÉ~ uno In the last elections we supported
t;XE~~ ... etc. ex€: ~~ u~wad
etc. aLnPLEaUE LO PEnounÂOuxa.v~xÓ the Republican party.
ELXa. u~waEL- I had raised E(xa U~waE~ - I had been raised xó~~a.
P.P.
O~ (j)LWXOL (j)O~LnLÉ~ Éxouv uno The poor students were extensively
/ I aLnp~XLEL nOÂó a.nó LnV xu supported by the govenment.
F.P. 50. ÉXw u~waEL- I shall 5u EXW U~W5EL - I shall have
been raised (3Épvnan.
have raised
rro~ov unoaLnpC~E~~; Whom do you support?
SUBJUNCTIVE Anó no~ov unoaLnp~~Eaa.Li By whom are you supporLed?
(with vo.,y~a va., OLav etc.)
P. u~wvw-that I may be raising u~wvo~aL-that I may be raised
P. S. u~Waw- t h at I may raise u~waŵ - that I may be raised
Pr.P. Éxw U~WaE~ - that I may have ~xw U~W5EL - that I may have been
raised raised
Y~wvw 'rn an~a.Ca.. I raise the flag.
Y~wvw Ln (j)wvn ~ou. (I raise my voice): I make my opinion
IMPERATIVE heard.
P. U~WVE - be raising (sing.) u~wvou be raised (sing.) Y~wvw LO aváaLn~â ~ou. (I raise my body): I flaunt my strength.
~~WVELE- be raising (pl.) u~wvEaLE - be raised (pl.) 'Y~waav L~~ L~~É~. They raised the prices.
be raised (sing.) O~ L~UÉ~ u~anxav. The prices have been raised (have gone up).
P. S. u~waE - raise (sing.) u~waou -
- be raised (pl.) O L~~áp~a~o~ 8XE~ u~waEC. The cost of living has gone up.
u~WaLE- raise (plo) u~wae:fLE
H n~Ean ~ou U~WanXE. My blood pressure is up.
INFINITIVE O~ 'EÂÂnvE~ u~waav 'rn an~a~a. The Greeks raised the flag of the
Ln~ EnavaaLáaEw~ LO 1821. revolution in 1821.
P. S. va. u~waE~ - to raise va U~W5EL - to be raised
PARTICIPLE
U~wvOVLa~ - raising u~w~Év-o~,-n,-o - raised -349-
- 348- (For examples see p. 349)
<,oaLvO}.l.aL (4) - to appear; to come in sight; to be visible; pav"[a.k0\.LaL (4) - to imagine; to fancy; to conceive; to think;
(deponent) to be seen; to seem; to look like (deponent) to believe
Pr.P. Éxw cpavsC- I have appeared Pr.P. Éxw cpav-cao-cs(- I have imagined
ÉXSLG .•• etc. €XSLs •••. etc. Participle
I ,
P.P. Eéxa cpavsL- I had appeared P.P. sLxa cpav-cao-CEL- I had imagined cpav"[ao\.LÉv-os,-n-O -
conceited
F.P. &0, ~xw cpavsL- I shall have F.P. &0, Éxw cpav-cao-CE(- I shall have
appeared imagined
Examples
Examples
'Eva ao"[tpL cpávnlis o-cov OU A star appeared in the sky.
ocvó , ~av"[ao-CE~-CS nWG SPLOliÓ\.LáO-CS Imagine that we find ourselves on
O CPLAOs \.LOU 5s cpaLvs"[aL. My friend is nowhere to be seen. as \.LLO, wpaLa axpo&aAaooLá. a beautiful beach.
To ~ouvó cpaCvs"[aL an6 \.LalipU The mountain can be seen from ~av"[ó'r::O\.LaL nWG &0, ÉA&SL 0,0- I imagine he will come tomorrow.
á. afar. pLO.
Mou cpaCvso"[s dppwo-cos. To me you seem to be sick. O CPLAOG oou ELVaL nOAU Your friend is very conceited.
ITWG oaG cpaCvs"[aLi How does it look to you? cpav"[ao\.LÉvos.
H liaAn \.Ltpa cpaLvs-caL anó (The morning will usually tell one ~av"[ao-csL-Cs nWG xa.vo\.Ls Éva Imagine that we take a trip into
'ro npw[. if the day is going to be good):If -caEC5L o-co 5La.o-cn\.La. space.
the beginning of something goes well ~av"[ár::O\.LaL -cn xapa. oou nou I can imagine your joy when you
the whole thing will succeed. XÉp6LOSs -co AaxsLo. won the lottery.
~s cpav-car::ó\.Louva Ó"[L 5sv SLXS I could not think of him as having
~aCvs-caL SUliOAO-5óOliOAO. It seems easy- difficult. Xo,&ÓAOU ASCP-Có'. no money at all.
Mou cpaCvs"[aL ó t c ÉXO\.LS apyn It seems to me that we are E~va~ a6uva~o va ~vTaaLE( It is impossible for someone to
" jI I
es L. late. xaVSLs nooo wpaLa SLvaL SliSL, imagine how beautiful it is there.
'OnwG cpaC vs "[aL. As it looks - seems.
~aCvs-caL ó"[L &a ~pt~EL. It seems that it will rain.
~aLvs-caL OaV "[ov na-cÉpa -cou. He looks like his father.
-351-
-350-
~Épvw (1) - to bring; to carry; to fetch;~ÉpVOUaL-to behave ~E6yw (1) - to leave; to go away
Pr.P. Éxw ~€PEL- I have brought Éxw ~EPaEL' I have behaved Pr. P. Éxw ~ÓYEL- I have gone
~XELs .,. etc. SXELs ... etc. ÉXELs ~UYEL away
etc. Partici~
P.P. E{xa ~ÉPEL'- I had brought ELxa CPEPÔ£~ - I had behaved P. P. ELxa ~UYEL- I had gone
J { away ~EóyovTas - going away
F.P. aa txw tpÉPEL- I shall have aa EXW ~EpaEt- I shall have F.P. aa Éxw ~UYEL- I shall
brought behaved have gone away
SUBJUNCTIVE
(with va,YLa va, óTav)
Examples
P. tpÉPVW-that I may be bringing ~ÉpvouaL- that I may be behaving
P. S. ~Épw - that I may bring tpEpaW- that I may behave
To aEponAávo ~EUYEL aE ULa The airplane leaves in one
Pr.P. Éxw ~ÉPEL- that I may have Éxw ~Epad- tha-t r m a y h a y e wpa. hour.
brought behaved <llUYE an" E6(0. Get out of here. Go away.
'E~UYE aTa cÉaOEpa. (He fled on his four feet): He
IMPERATIVE
P. left in a hurry.
~É:PVE- be bringing (sing.) ~Épvou- be behaving (s_ing.)
tptpvETE- be bringing(pl.) ~ÉPVEOTE- be behaving (pl.) Mau É~UYE ca aXOLvL.
P. S. ~ÉPE- bring (sing.) ~Épaou - behave (sing.) The rope slipped from my hand.
IIpóaE!;E va WI coo ~ÓYE L Be careful not to say anything
~ÉPTE- bring (pl.) ~EpaE(cE- behave (pl.)
JiavÉvas AÓyOs. abou~ this matter.
INfINITIVE_
P.S. va ~É:PEL - to bring va tpEp0E{- to behave
PARTICIPLE
~É:pvovcas - bringing ~EPUÉV-Os,-T),-O- brought
(For examples see p. 362)
- 35 3-
- 352-
~~AW (2,3) - to kiss
Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative Indicative Subjunctive
I kiss ------
P. I am being kissed,I am kissed P. I am afraid (with va, YLa va, óTav etc.)
~~;\.~ ~LA-00~E,-Ó.~E ~~ALË~aL ~LAL6~aaTE ~o(3ou]J.a~ ~o(3ou~aaTE P. ~o(3ou]J.a~- that I may be
~~A-ds,-ás ~LA-ELTE,-áTE ~LALËaaL ~LALËaTE ~o(3ó.aa~ ~o(3áaTE afraid
~~A-d. ,-â ~LAOUV ~LALÉTaL ~~ALouvTa~ ~o(3á:WL ~o(3ouvTa~ P.S. ~0(3T)&~ - that I may be
afraid
P. C. I was kissing I was being kissed P.C. I was being afraid Pr.P. £xw ~oi3n&E( - that I may
~LAOÓaa ~LAouaa]J.E ~~A~6~ouv ~~A~ó~aaTE ~o(3ó]J.ouv ~oi3Ó]J.aaTE have been afraid
~LAouaEs ~LAouaaTE ~~A~óaouv ~~AL6aaaTE ~o(3óaouv ~0i36aaaTE
~LA06aE ~LA06aav ~~A~6Tav ~~A~6vTav ~o(3óTav ~oi3óvTav Imperative
/
P. S. I kissed I was kissed P. S. I was afraid P. ~0(306- be afraid (sing.)
~nT)aa ~~Anaa]J.E ~~An&T)Xa ~~An&nxa~E ~o(3n&T)xa ~oi3T)&n}{a]J.E (classical form)
~~AT)aEs ~~AnaaTE ~~An&T)XEs ~~An&nxaTE ~o(3n&T)}{Es ~o(3T)&nxaTE ~o(3E{aTE- be afraid (pl.)
~CA.T)aE ~CAT)aav ~ ~ An&T)XE ~~An&T)xaV ~o(3n&T)}{E ~o(3n&T)}{av
P.S. ~oSnOoU - be afraid (sing.)
F. C. I shall be kissing I I shall be kissed F. C. I shall be afraid
&0. ~LAC:) &0. ~~AOU~E &0. ~~A~É~a~ &0. ~~AI.Ó~aaTE &0. ~oi3ou~a~ &u. ~oi3Ó]J.aaTE ~o(3n&E(TE - be afraid (pl.)
&0. ~LAds &0. ~I.AdTE &a ~~A~Éaa~ &0. ~~A~ÉaTE &0. ~o(3âaal. &0. ~oi3ciaTE
&0. ~I.Ad &0. ~~AOUV &0. ~~A~ËTal. &0. ~~AI.OUVTa~ &0. ~oi3áTal. &0. ~o(3oJvTa~
Infinitive
F. S. I shall kiss I shall be kissed F.S. I shall be afraid
&0. ~I.AnaW &0. ~~Anao]J.E &0. ~I.AT)&W &0. ~~AT)&OU~E &0. ~0i3T)&~ &0. ~o(3T)&OJ~E P. S. va ~o(3T)&EL - to be afraid
&0. ~I.AnaE~s &0. ~I.AnaETE &0. ~~AT)&ECs &0. Q~AT)&E~TE &0. ~oi3T)&ELs &0. ~Oi3T)&E~TE
&u. ~~Anau &0. ~I.AnaOUV &0. ~~AT)&EC &0. ~~AT)&O~V &0. ~Oi3T)&E( &0. ~oi3T)&ouv
Pr. P ."' Éxw ~~AnaE ~- I have kissed ~xw ~~AT)&E~ - I have been Pr.P.Éxw ~Oi3T)&E{ - I have been
ÉXEl.s ..• etc. €XELs ... etc. kissed ~XEl.s •.• etc. afraid Participle
I .
P.P. ELxa ~~AnaE~ - I had kissed ELxa ~~AT)&El - I had been P.P. Etxa ~o(3n&E~- I had been ~o(3La]J.Év-os,-T),-O - afraid
kissed afraid
F.P. &0. Éxw ~~AnaEI.- I shall have &0. txw ~I.AT)&EC - I shall F.P. &0. £xw ~o(3T)&EL - I shall
kissed have been kissed have been afraid
SUBJUNCTIVE
(with va,y~a va, óTav)
~~AT)~ÉV-Os,-T),-O- kissed
(For examples see p. 362)
-354-
- 355-
~(2,3) - to wear; to put on; to have on
~pov.C~w (1) - to take care of; to care; to look after
Active Voice. Indicative' Passive Voice. Indicative Active Voice, Indicative Subjunctive (with vc yLa vu, ô ro;v
P. Iwear I am being worn, I am worn P. I take care etc.
¢>opw, , ¢>Op-OUllE, -állE ¢>OplÉ Ilal ¢>OplÓ llaCYTE ~POVTC~W ~pOV"C~OUE
¢>oP-ElS', -as' ¢>op-d TE, -áTE ¢>OplÉcyal ¢>OPlÉ CYTE ~POV.L~ELs ~pOV"C~E"E P. ~PQVTe~w - that I may be
¢>op-d, -á ¢>opouv ¢>oplÉTal ¢>oplOuVTal ~PQV"L~EL ~pov"C~ouv taking care
P.S. ~povTCaw - that I may take
P.C. I was wearing Iwas being worn P.C. I was taking care care
¢>opoucya ¢>OpoucyallE ¢>OPlÓIlOUV ¢>oplóllaCYTE ~póv"L~a ~pov"C~aUE Pr.P.txw ~povTCaEL - that I may
¢>opouCYES' ¢>OpoucyallE ¢>OplÓCYOUV ¢>oplócyaCYTE ~pÓVTL~Es ~pov"L~a"E have taken care
¢>OpOUCYE ¢>opoucyav ¢>oplóTav ¢>oplóvTav ~P6VH~E ~p6v"L~av
Imperative
P.S. I wore I was worn P. S. I took care
¢>ópEcya ¢>OpÉcyailE ¢>opÉ8T]Ka ¢>opE8r]KaIlE ~p6v"Laa ~pov"{.aaUE P. ~P6VTL~E - keep taking
¢>ÓpECYES' ¢>OpÉcyailE ¢>OpÉ8T]KES' ¢>opE8r]KaTE ~póv"LaEs ~povTCaa"E care (sing.)
¢>ÓPECYE ¢>ópEcyav ¢>OpÉ8T]KE ¢>opÉ8T]KaV ~p6v"LaE ~p6v"Laav ~PQVTC~ETE - keep taking
care(pl.)
F. C. I shall be taking care P.S. ~póvTLaE - take care (sing.)
F.C. I shall be wearing I shall be worn
8,a ¢>opw 8a ¢>opOU llE &0. ~PQv"C~w &0. ~pOV"C~OUE
8a ¢>OPlÉ Ilat 8a ¢>OplÓ llaCYTE
8a ¢>opdS' 8a ¢>OpdTE 8a ¢>OplÉo m 8a ¢>OPlÉCYTE &0. ~POV"C~ELS &0. ~POV"C~E"E
8a ¢>opd 8a ¢>opouv 8a ¢>OplÉTat 8a ¢>oplOuVTal &0. ~pOV"C~EL &0. ~pOV"C~OUV
Infinitive
F. S. I shall take care
F.S. I shall wear I shall be worn &0. ~PQV"Law P.S. va ~PQVT{.aEL- to take care
&0. ~PQV"LaOUE
8a ¢>opÉCYw 8a ¢>opÉCYOU llE 8a ¢>opE8w 8a ¢>opE80ullE &0. ~PQv"CaELs &0. ~pov"CaETE
8a ¢>opÉCYElS' 8a ¢>OpÉCYETE 8a ¢>opE8EtS' 8a ¢>opE8d TE &0. ~povTCaEL &0. ~pov"Laouv
8a ¢>opÉCYEl 8a ¢>opÉCYouv 8a ¢>opE8d 8a ¢>opE80uv
Pr.P. dxw ~pov"LaEL- I have taken
Pr.P. Ihave worn J I have been worn tXELs ••• etc. care Participle
Éxw ¢>OpÉCYE,l Éxw ¢>opE8d
ÉXElS' ¢>opÉCYEl .. etc. ÉXElS' ¢>opE8El .. etc. P.P. E{xa ~povTCaEL- I had taken ~PQV.L~OVTas - taking care
care
P.P. ElXa ¢>opÉCYEl - I had worn Eixa ¢>opE8El - I had been worn F.P. &a. ~Xw ~pov"CaEL- I shall
have taken care
F.P. 8a Éxw ¢>OpÉCYEl - I shall have worn 8a Éxw ¢>opE8Ei - I shall have been worn
SUBJUNCTIVE
(with va, yta va, ÓTavetc.)
P. ¢>opw - that Imay be wearing ¢>OPlÉ Ilal - that I may be worn
P.S. ¢>opÉCYw - that I may wear ¢>opE8w - that I may be worn
Pr.P. Éxw ¢>opÉCYEl - that I may have worn Éxw ¢>opE8El - that I may have been worn
IMPERATIVE
E:kamples
P. ¢>ÓPEl or ¢>ópa- be wearing (sing.)
¢>OpáTE - be wearing (pl.) 'O'rrrv o naTÉpas ,KaL T] unTÉ- When father and mother get old
P.S. ¢>ÓpECYE - wear (sing.) pa YEpá.aOU\) EUEts Ta ná.L- we, thei, children, will take
¢>OpÉCYTE - wear (pl.) ¢>opE8ElTE - be worn (pl.) 6Lá. &0. ~pOVTLaQUE YL' á.U- care of them.
INFINITIVE TOUs•
va ¢>opÉCYEl - to wear va ¢>opE8El - to be worn coóvr r. oc vo, Uá.&EL s rró re Try to find out when the air-
PARTICIPLE ~Tá.VEL TO. o.EPOnA-á.VQ. plane w~ll arrive.
E].LcLs fu ~PQVTLaOUE YLa We w~ll take care of everything.
¢>OpWVTaS' - wearing ¢>OpE IlÉv-oS', -T], -o - worn
6A-a.
(For examples see p. 362) Mnopds vo, ~PCVTL~ELs yLa Can you take care (look after)
Ta A-QUA-OU6Lá.].LQU TQV KaL- my f Lowe r s while I am away?
pó nQU &0. A-ECnWi
- 356-
- 357-
~Távw (1) ~ to arrive; to reach ~uAayw (1) - to keep; to take care; to guard; to watch; to
protect
Indicative Subjunctive
P. L arrive (with vu, yLa va, óTav etc.) Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
~Táv'w ~TavOllE P. I keep I am being kept, I am kept
~TávEL(;; ~TávETE P. ~Távw - that I may be ~uAáyw ~uAáyo]J.E ~uAaYO]J.aL ~uAayóllaaTE
~TávEL ~Távouv arriving ~uAaYEL(;; cpuAaYETE ~uAaYEaaL ~uAaYEaTE
P.S. ~Taaw that I may arrive ~uAáYEL ~uAáyouv ~uAaYETaL ~uAayovTaL
P.C. I was arriving
É~Tava ~TávallE Pr.P. Éxw ~TáaEL-that I may P. C. I was keeping I was being kept
É~TaVE(;; ~TávaTE have arrived ~uAaya ~uAayallE cpuAayóllOUv ~uAayó]J.aaeE
É~TavE É~Tavav ~uAaYE(;; ~uAayaTE ~uAayóaouv (,Qu)cayóaaaTE
~uAaYE ~uAayav cpuAayóTav CPUAd.yovTav
P. S. I arrived
É~Taaa ~Tá.aallE P .: ~TávE - be arriving P. S. I kept I was kept
É~TaaE(;; ~TaaaTE (sing.) QUAaEa ~uAaEallE cpuAáxTnxa CPu)caXT-rll1OUE
É~TaaE €~TaaaV ~TávETE - be arriving ~uAaEE(;; ~uAái;aTE cpu)cá XTT1}{ E S ~UAaXTnxaTE
(p 1. ) ~uAaEE ~uAa!;av cpUAaXTnXav
~UAáXTT1}{E
F. C. I shall be arriving P. S. ~TáaE - arrive (sing.)
3a ~Távw 3a wravollE F. C. I shall be keeping I shall be kept
&u ~TávEL(;; 3a ~TavETE ~TáaTE - arrive (pl.) &a ~uAáyw &a ~uA1yo]J.E &a cpuAáYOllaL &a ~uAayóllaaTE
3a ~TávEL 3a ~Távouv &a ~uAaYEL(;; &a ~uAaYETE &a cpuAáYEaaL &a (,QuAáYEaeE
3a ~UAáYEL &a ~uAayouv &a cpuAáYETaL &a ~uAayovTaL
F.S. I shall arrive Infinitive
&a ~Táaw &a ~TáaollE F. S. I shall keep I . shall b~ kept
&a ~TáaELs &a ~TáaETE P.S. va ~TaaEL - to arrive
&a ~uAaEw &a ~uAa[;o]J.E &a ~uAaXTw &a ~uAaXTOUUE
3u ~TáaEL &a ~Táaouv &a ~uAaEEL(;; &a ~u)cáEETE &a ~UAaXTd(;; &a ~UAaXTECTE
&a ~UAáEEL &a cpuAá[;ouv &a ~UAaXTEL &a ~UAaXT06v
Pr. P ."- Éxw ~TáaEL- I have arrived
ÉXEL(;; .}. etc. Pr.P. Éxw ~uAáEEL- I have kept Éxw (,QUAaXTE{ - I have been
Participle ÉXEL(;; ... etc. ÉXEL(;; ..• etc. kept
P.P. Eéxa ~TáaEL- I had arrived
~TávoVTa(;; - arriving P.P. E~xa ~uAaEEL- I had kept ELxa CPUAaXTE( - I had been kept
F.P. 3a Éxw ~TáaEL- I shall have
arrived F.P. &a ~Xw ~uAáEEL- I shall &a txw CPUAaXTE( - I shall have
Examples have kept been kept
O &E~O(;; llOU ~TávEL arlllEPa anó My uncle will arrive today from SUBJUNCTIVE
TnV EAAá6a. Greece. (with va, yLa vu, dTav etc.)
A~YEL d,TL ~TáaEL. He says whatever comes to his mind. P. ~uAáyw -that I may be keeping ~UAaYOllaL-that I may be kept
ME ~Távouv 6Éxa 60AAápLa. Ten dollars are enough for me. P. S. ~uAáEw - that I may keep ~uAaXT~- that I may be kept
cllTávE L. It is enough. Pr.P. Éxw ~uAáEEL- that I may have Ëxw ~uAaXTEé- that I may have
clleáVEL nELa. It is enough, no more. kept been kept
O YLO(;; uou V,E É~TaaE aTO uljJO(;;. My son is now as tall as I am.
O 6pÓllOs QeáVEL ll~XPL env na The road goes as far as the IMPERATIVE
paUa. beach. P. ~UAaYE - be keeping (sing.) ~uAáyou - be kept (sing.)
H ~rllln TOU É~TaaE nOAu llaxpuá. His fame reached very far. ~UAaYETE-be keeping (pl.) ~uAaYEaeE- be kept (pl.)
O XELllWVa(;; ~eáVEL. Winter is approaching. P. S. ~uAaEE - keep (sing.) ~uAaEou- be kept (sing.)
To axoLvC ~TávEL an' E6~ W(;; E- The rope reaches from here to ~uAá~ETE-~uAáxTE- keep (pl.) ~uAaXeELTE- be kept (pl.)
> there.
XE L •
cllTáaallE TO aUeoxCvnTÓ TOU. We caught up with his car. INFINITIVE
KallllLá 6E erlV ~eáVEL aTnV O No one surpasses her in beauty. P. S. va ~uAáEEL- to keep va ~uAaXTE(- to be kept
llOP~Lá.
Ene T~AOU(;; É~TaaE aeOV npOOpL He finally arrived at his PARTICIPLE
a]J.ó eOU. destination. ~UAayovTa(;; - keeping ~UAaYllÉv-O(;;,-n,-o- kept
Na lln ~TáaEL eOU XPÓVOU. May not he (she) live to the (For examples see p. 362)
next year. (A curse: Death to him, - 359-
her!
-353-
~WVdkW (1) to shout; to yell; to call ~W~LkW (1) to light; to illuminate; to enlighten
Active Voice, Indicative §"~.Ejpnctive (with va., yLa vo, Active Voice, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
rcv e.tc.) P. I illuminate I am being illuminated
P. I shout, I call ó
~wva~w ~wva~o~E P. ~wvá,~w - tha t;' I may be ~W~L~W ~W~L~O~E ~WTL~O~o..L ~WTL~ó~o..aTE
~wva~ELs ~wva~E~E calling ~W~L~ELs ~W~L~E~E ~TL~Eao..L ~wTL~EaTE
~wva~EL ~wva~ouv P. S. ~wvaE.w - that I may call ~W~L~EL ~W~L~OUV ~WTL~E~o..'L ~WTL~OVTo..L
P.C. I was shouting, calling Pr.P. {Xw ~wváEEL- that I may P.C. I was illuminating I was being illuminated
~wva.~a ~wva~a~E have called ~Ŵ~L~a ~W~C~a.~E ~WTL~Ó~OUV ~WTL~6~o..aTE
~wva~Es ~wva~a~E ~W~L~Es ~w~L~a~E ~wTL~óaouv ~wTL~óao..aTE
~ŵva~E ~wva.~av ~W~L~E ~w~L~av ~W~L~ÓTo..V ~WTL~OVTo..V
F.S. I shall shout, call P.S. vo.. ~wváfEL - to call F.S. I shall illuminate I shall be illuminated
80.. ~wvdEw 80.. ~wvaEo~E 80.. ~wTLaw 80.. ~wTLao~E 80. ~wTLaT~ 80. ~wTLaTou~E
80.. ~wváf;;ELs 80.. ~wváEETE 80.. ~wTLaELs 80.. ~wTLaETE aa ~wLLaLEés ôa ~w~LaLELLE
8a. ~wváf;;EL 8a. ~wvaEouv 80.. ~wTLaEL 80. ~wTLaouv 80.. ~wTLaTE~ 80.. ~wTLaTouv
Pr.P.-ixw ~wvdEEL - I have shouted, Participle Pr.P. ~Xw ~wTCaEL- I have illu txw ~wTLaTEC - I have been illu
~XELs ••• tetcJcalled ÉXELs •• ~tc. minated ÉXELs ... etc.; minated
~WVá~OVTo..S- calling I , I j
P.P. E(Xo.. ~wváEEL-I had shouted, P.P. ELXo.. ~wTLaEL- I had illu- ELXo.. ~WTLaTEL - I had been illu-
called minated minated
F.P. 80.. Éxw ~wvaEEL- I shall have F.P. 80.. Éxw ~wTCaEL- I shall 80.. Éxw ~wTLaTE{- I shall have
shouted, called have illuminated been illuminated
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. ~wTC~w-that I may be illu- ~WTC~O~o..L- that I may be illumi-.
minating nated
/
P.S. ~w~Law-that I may illuminate ~wTLaTW-tha7 I may be illuminated
Pr.P. Éxw ~wTLaEL-that I may have EXW ~wTLaTEL-that I may have been
illuminated illuminated
To no..L6C (.pWVá~E L. The child cries (shouts, yells).
MT) ~WVá~.E L ~ 'r óoo no AD ' Do not shout so loud. IMPERATIVE
cIlillvo..EE TOV PLaVVT). Call John. P. ~Ŵ~L~E- be illuminating (sing.Ww~L~OU -be illuminated (sing.)
cIlwvaEo..]J.E TOV YLo..TPÓ vo.. 6EL TOV We called the doctor to examine our ~W~L~E~E- be illuminating (pl.~w~L~Ea~E -be illuminated(pl.)
no..nnou. grandfather. P. S. ~w~LaE - illuminate (sing.) ~w~Laou/- be illuminated (sing.)
Mo..~ ~wvo..Eo..v aTnV o..aTU\)O~Co... They called us to the police station. ~w~La~E- illuminate (pl.) ~W~La~EL~E- be illuminated (pl.)
O 6aaxo..Aos ~wva~EL Évo..-tvo.. Ta The teacher calls the children one by
no..L6La. one. INFINITIVE
P. S. Vo.. ~wTCaEL- to illuminate
IIOLOs ~E ~Vo..EE; Who called me? Vo.. ~wTLaTEL- to be illuminated
'ETPEXE aTOV 6po~0 ~W\)á~OVTo..s. He was running in the street
shouting.
PARTICIPLE
~W~L~ov~as - Illuminating ~wTLa~ÉV-Os,-T),-o- illuminated
- 360- (For examples see p. 362)
- 361-
xa~oE6w (1) - to pat; to caress
I bring you good news. Active Voice Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
L:aS" <j>ÉpVW KaAá vÉa.
Please, go and fetch me a glass P. I caress '
L:E TTapaKaAŴ TTTlyatVE Kat <j>ÉpE uou I am being caressed
xa'CoE6w xa'CoE6ojlE
Éva rro rript VEpÓ. of water. xa'CoE6ojlaL xa'COEUÓjlao-rE
xa'CoE6E vc xa'CoE6E-rE xa'CoE6EoaL xa'CoE6Eo-rE
Tt É<j>EpE O TaxuôpÓj.l.oS"; What did the mailman bring?
xa~oE6EL xa'CoE6ouv xa'C oE6E-ra L xa'C oE6ov-raL
<t>Ép8T)KE TTOAV áaXT) j.l.a. He behaved very rudely.
To aEpoTTAávo ElVat <j>Epj.l.ÉVO. The airplane has come. P,C. I ;-:-as caressing I was being caressed
Ot Ela(3oAElS" É<j>Epav j.l.EyáAT) ôuaTux{a The invaders brought much misery XÓ,.~ oEua xa'C oE6ajlE xa'C OEUÓjlOUV xa'C ôe oóuuo r s
aTT) XŴ pa. to the country. X(s..~OEUEs xa'COEua-rE xa'CoEuóOOUV xa'C oEuóoao-rE
MT) <j>É pveorn, ÉTm. Do not behave in this way. xaLOEUE xa~OEuav xa'CoEuó-rav xa'C oEuov-rav
r, S, I caressed I was caressed
xa'CoEl)Ja xa'C oÉl)JajlE xa'C oE6-rT)Ka xa'C oEuniKajlE
He kissed me. Xó"CoEl)JEs xa'C 6Ël)Ja-rE xa'C oE6-rT)KEs xa'C oEuniKa-rE
ME <j>lAT)aE.
The mother kisses her child Xó"CoEl)JE xa~oEl)Jav xa'C oE6-rT)KE Xa'CoEu-rT)Kav
H j.l. T)TÉpa <j>tAá TO TTatB{ TT)S" TTpOTOU
aUTó <j>vyEl yta TO axoAdo. before he leaves for the school. F, C, I shall be caressing I shall be caressed
Touc ElBaj.l.E TTOU <j>tAtÓVTav. We saw them kissing each other.
&a xa'CoE6w &a xa'CoE6ojlE aU. xatoE6ojlaL &a xatoEUÓjlao-rE
<t>{Aa j.l.E yAUKá aTO aTÓj.l.a. Kiss me sweetly on the lips. &a xa'CoE6E Ls aU. xa'CoE6E-rE &a xa'CoEuEoaL aa. xatoE6Eo-rE:
&a xa'C oE6E L &a xa'C ôs óouv &a xatoE6E-raL aa. xatoEuov-raL
F, S, I shall caress I shall be caressed
Tov XEq.lŴVa <j>opov j.l.E j.l.áAAtVa povxa. In the winter we wear woollen clothes. &a xa~oËl)Jw &a xa'C OËl)JOjlE &a xa~OEu-rw, &a xa'CoEu-roÓjlE
Tt 8a <j>opÉaEts" aTOV xopó; What are you going to wear at the dance? &a xa~oËl)JELs &a xa'CoËl)JEl:E &a xaLoEu-rELs &0. xa'CoEu-rEt-rE
AUTÓ TO TTaATó ÔE <j>optÉTat Tŵpa. This coat cannot be wpm now. aU. xa'C OÉl)JE L &a xa'CoËl)Jouv &0. xatoEu-rEt &0. xa'CoEu-roUV
Etvm '!1.0AV (3apu. It is very heavy.
<t>ópEaE Ó,Tl 8ÉAElS".\ Put on whatever you wish. Pr.P, Éxw xa'CoËl)JEL- I have caressed Éxw xatoEu-rE(- I have been
l" ÉXELs ... etc, ÉXELs ••• etc, caressed
P,p, ELxa xa'CoËl)JEL- I had caressed Eéxa xatoEu-rE~- I had been
O GEÓS" va aE <j>uAá~El! May God keep and preserve you! caressed
F,P, &a Éxw xa'CoËl)JEL- I shall have &a Éxw xatoEu-rEé- I shall have
GEÓS" <j>uAá~Et! God forbid.
caressed been caressed
llE <j>uAáyEl Ka8óAOU Ta (3t(3Ala TOU. He does not at all take care of his books.
MaS" <j>vAa~E aTTó Tts" Em8ÉaElS" TWV aKUAtŴv. He guarded us against the attacks of the dogs. SUBJUNCTIVE
L:TO uouocfo <j>uAáyovTat TTEpl<j>T)j.l.a Famous works of art are kept in the P, xatoEuw -~hat I may be caress- xatoEUOjlaL-that I may be caress-
Épya TÉXVT)S". museum. l.ng ed
llE <j>UAayóTav, yt' aUTó KpVwaE. He was not taking care of himself r, S, xatoËl)Jw-that I may caress xatoEu-rŵ-that I may be caressed
and he caught cold. Pr,P, Éxw XatOËl)JEL- that I may have Éxw xatoEu-rEL- that I may have
Save some money for your old age. caressed been caressed
IMPERATIVE
P, xa~OE~E - be caressing (sing,) xa~OE~Ou - be caressed (pI,)
xa~OEuE-rE - be caressing (pI,) xa~oEuEo-rE - be caressed (pI,)
r. S, xa~oEl)JE - caress (sing.)
O Bpój.l.oS" <j>wTl(ETat aTTó TTOAAá <j>ŵTa. The street is illuminated by many lights. xa~oËl)Jou.- be caressed (sing,)
xaLoËl)J-rE - caress (pI,) xaLoEu-rE~-rE - be caressed (pI,)
MaS" <j>ŴTtaE j.l.E TT) ÔtáAE~T) TOU. He enlightened us through his lecture.
(Sarcastically: His lecture offered
INFINITIVE
nothing new). p, S, va xatoËl)JEL - to caress va xatoEu-rEL - to be caressed
O 8EÓS" va aE <j>WT{aEl! May God enlighten you!
AUTÓ TO <j>wS" <j>WT{(El TO ôWj.l.áTtO This light provides very good light PARTICIPLE
TTOAV wpala. for the room. xatoEuov-ras - caressing xatoEjlÉv-Os,-T),-O - caressed
(For examples see p. 3(4)
- 363-
- 362 -
)(al PETW (2) and )(rupETiLw (1) to greet; to salute xaCpo~aL*(4) - to be glad,' to b e d elighted
- 364-
- 365-
xaunAWVW (1) - to lower xa~OYEAW (2) - to smile
Examples:
Examples
The prices have gone down a Mau xa~oYEAaoE< He (she) smiled at me.
little. AUTO TÓ naL6C ÓAO xa~orEA~. This child always smiles.
Bend down so that I can see your 'HPÔE xa~OYEAWvTa~. He came smiling,
Xa~nAWOE va 6w TO xanEAO Xa~OYEAaOTE, napaxaAŴ, yLa
ha t, Smile, please, far your picture .•
oou. va napw 1:n (j)WToypa(j)Ca aa~.
H n6p1:a ncav xa~nAn, ~ The door was low so I stooped in
cOL xa~nAwoa vo, J..lTIW uéoo , order to go in.
An6 1:0 nOAU xL6vL 1:á XAo.- Because of the amount of snow the
6Lá 1:WV 6ÉV1:pwV ya~nAWOo.V branches of the trees swayed with
an6 1:0 (3ápOl;;. the burden.
xaW1AwoE ni (j)wvn cou , Lower your voice.
-367-
- 366-
xapC~w (1) - to give away; to give; to give as a present
xa.vw (1) - to ·lo.se to donate
Passive Voice, Indicative -::A_c_t_l._·
v_e_V_o:_l=.··.=c-=.e, Ind i cat i ve Subjunctive (with vo., yLo. va., óLav
",A,-,c:_t=--l._· v____:.e_V_oc_l._·_c_e, Ind i cat i v e P. I give away
I lose I am lost, I am being lost
P. xapC~w xo.pCi;';o~€ P.
xá.vw xá.vO~€ xá.vo~aL xaV6~aOT€ xo.pCi;';w - that I may be giving
Xa.V€OaL Xa.V€OT€ xapC~€L(;; Xo.pCi;';€L€ away
Xa.VE; L G Xa.V€T€ xapC~€L xapCi;';ouv
xá.V€TaL Xa.vovTaL P. S. xapCow - that I may give away
Xá.vEL Xa.vouv
P. C. I was giving away Pr.P. Éxw Xo.P£OEL - th at I may have
P. C. I was losing I was being lost
I xav6~ouv xaV6~aOT€ Xa.PL{;;o. xapCi;';o.~€ given away
Exava xa.va~€ Xa.PL{;;€G Xo.pCi;';o.T€
I
ExaV€(;; Xa.vaT€ xav600uv xaV60aOT€
xav6Tav Xa.vovTav Xá.PLi;';€ xa.pLi;';av Imperative
Éxav€ É:xavav
P. S. I gave away P. Xá.PLi;';E - be giving a way (.
P. S. I lost I was lost sl.ng. )
I
xa.{}nxa xaônxG.j.L€ Xa.PLOo. xapLOo.~€
Exaoa xa.oa~€ Xa.PLO€(;; xapCOo.T€
Éxao€(;; Xá.oaT€ xa.ônx€G xaÔnXaT€ Xo.pCi;';ELE- be giving away(pl.)
xá.ônx€ Xa.ônxav Xa.PLO€ Xá.PLOo.V
Éxao€ txaoav P. S. Xá.PLO€ - give away (sing.)
F.C. I shall be giving away
F. C. I shall be losing I shall be lost
ôo. Xa.VO~o.L ôa xo.v6~aOT€ &0. Xo.pCi;';w &0. Xo.pCi;';o~€ Xo.pLOT€ - give away (pl.)
ôa Xa.vw ôa Xa.VO~€ &0. Xo.p C i;'; EL e &0. Xo.p[i;';€T€
ôa Xá.V€L(;; ôa Xa.V€L€ ôo. xa.V€OaL ôo. Xá.V€OT€
ôo. Xa.V€To.L ôa xa.vovTO. L &0. xapLi;';€L &0. Xo.pCi;';ouv ._Infinitive
-------_.
ôo. Xa.V€L ôa Xa.vouv
F.S. I shall give away
F. S. I shall lose I shall be lost P. S. va xapCoEL - to give away
ôo. xaôw ôo. Xaôo0~€ &0. Xo.pLOW &0. xapCOO~€
ôa xá.ow ôa xá.OO~€ &0. XapCO€L(;; fu xap[O€T€
ôa Xa.O€LG ôa Xa.O€T€ ôo. Xo.Ô€~(;; ôa xa&€LT€
ôo. xo.ô€L &0. xo.&o6v &0. xaPLO€L &0. Xo.pCoouv
ôo. Xa.O€L ôa Xa.oouv
I
€XW xa&€L i I have been lost Pr.P. Éxw Xo.p[O€L- I have given
Pr .P. txw Xá.oE,L - I have lost ÉX€L(;; Xo.pLO€L away
É:X€LG X&O€L ÉX€L(;; xo.&d
etc. xap~i;';oVTo.(;; - g.iving aw ay
I etc. etc.
l
P.P. ECXo. Xo.pCOEL - I had given
P.P. €Lxa
I
Xá.O€L- I had lost €Lxa xo.&€C - I had been lost
away
F.P. &0. Éxw XapLO€L- I shall have
F.P.
I
ôa €XW Xá.O€L - I shall &0. ~xw xo.&€~ - I shall have
been lost given away
have lost
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. Xa.vw - that I may be losing Xa.VO~o.L- that I may be lost
P.S. Xa.ow - that I may lose xo.&w - that I may be lost
Pr.P. É:xw Xá.O€L - that I may have É:xw xo.&€{- that I may have been
lost lost
IMPERATIVE
P. Xa.V€ - be losing (sing.) xá.vou - be lost (sing.) Mou Xa.PLO€ Éva ~L~ALO. He gave me a book o
Xá.V€T€ - be losing (pl.) Xa.V€OT€ - be lost (pl.) Xa.PLOE OTnV nLvaxo&nxn Tn
xá.O€- lose (sing.) xáoov - be lost (sing.) He gave away his art collection
P. S. OUAAoYn TOU an6 Épyo. TEXVn(;;. to the gallery.
Xa.O€LE-Xa.OTE - lose (pl.) xa&ELT€- be lost (pl.) o XU~EPVnTn(;; TOU Xá.PLOE The governor commuted his life
rn i;';wn. sentence.
INFINITIVE Mo.(;; Xá.PLOo.V Lo. xPEn ~o.G. They liquidated our debtso
P. S. va Xa.O€L - to lose va xo.&€C - to be lost
PARTICIPLE
Xá.VOVTo.(;; - losing xo.~EV-O(;;,-n,-O - lost
(For examples see po 384) - 36 9-
-363-
XEtoOK(,lOTŴ (1) - to applaud; to clap Passive Voice, Indicative
I P. I am being applauded
Active Voice, Indicative* XELPOHpoTLÉ~aL XELPOHpoTLó~aoTE
XELPOHpoTLÉoaL XELPOHPOTLEOTE
P. I applaud
XEtpOKpOTOU llE XELPOHPOTLETaL XELPOHPOTLoÓvTaL
XEtpOKpOTŴ
XEtPOKPOT~S XEtpOKpOTá ;E
P.C. I was being applauded
XEtpoKpOTa XEtpOKpOTOU v
XELPOHPOTLÓ~OUV XELPOHpoTLó~aOTE
XELPOHPOTLÓOOUV XELPOHpoTLóoaoTE
P.C. I was applauding
XEtpOKpOTOU o« llE
XELPOHpoTLóTav XELPOHpoTLóvTav
XElpOKpOTOU cra
XElpOKpOTOU GES XEtpOKpOTOU craTE P. S. I was applauded
XElpOKpOTOUcrE XElpOKpOTOU crav
XE L pOHponiSnHa XELPOHPOTnSnHa~E
XELPoHPoT!iSnHEs XE L POJ-tPOTnSnHaT
E
P.S. I applauded XELpOHpOTnSnHE
xEtpoKpoTTI cra llE
XE L POHpoT!iSnHav
xElpOKpÓTTjcra
XEtpOKpÓTTjGES xEtpOKpoTllcraTE F. C. I shall be applauded
XEtpOKpÓTTjcrE xEtpOKpóTTjcrav
/
Sa XELPOHpOTLÉ~aL Su XELPOHpOTLó~aOTE
Su XELPOHpOTLEoaL Sa XELPOHPOTL€OTE
F.C I shall be applauding Sa XELPOHpOTLÉTaL Sa XELPOHPOTLouvTaL
8a XEtPOKPOT~ 8a XEtpOKpOTOU llE
8a XEtpOKpOT~S' 8a XEtpOKpOTáTE F. S. I shall be applauded
8a XEtpOKpOTa 8a XEtpOKpOTOUV Sa XELpOHPOTnSw Sa XELPOHpOTnSOÓ~E
Sa XELPOHPOTnSELs Sa XELpOHpOTnSELTE
F.S. I shall applaud Sa XELpOHpOTnSEL Sa XELPOHpOTnSouv
8a XElpOKpOTrlcrW 8a XEtpOKpOTrlcrOU llE
8a XEtpOKpOTrlcrEtS 8a XEtpOKpOTrlcrETE Pr.P. Éxw XELPOHPOTnSEL - I have been applauded
8a XEtpOKpOTTlcrEt 8a XEtpOKpOTrlcroUV ÉXELs .... etc.
I ,
Pr.P. Éxw XEtpOKp$TrlcrEt I have applauded P. P. ELxa XELPOHpOTnSEL - I had been applauded
ÉXEtS' XEtpOKpOTrlcrEt etc.
oo
F. P_
P.P. Elxa XEtPOKPOTrlcrEt - I had applauded Sa Éxw XELPOHPOTnSEé - I shall have been applauded
F.P. 8a Éxw XEtpOKpOTrlGEt - I shall have applauded
- 370-
,
XLOVL\:€L -(an impesonal verb occuring only in the third singular XOPEUW (l) - to dance
person) - it snows
Indicative
P. I dance
Subjunctive
xoo e óco
P. XLOVL~E.L - it is snowing, it snows
XOPEUELG;
xOPE\'\OjlE (.:;ith·-va-;-y La va, ó rrrv)
XOPEUELE
XOPEUEL XOpE\'JOl\V
P. c. XLÓVL?;:E - it was snowing P. XOPEUW -that I may be
P. c. I was dancing dancing
P. S. XLÓVLOE - it snowed P.S. XOPEl/!w - that I may
XÓPEua XOpEUajlE
dance
snowing XÓPEUEG; XOPEóaLE
F. c. 80. XLOVC\:EL - it will be Pr.P. Éxw XOPEl/!EL - that I may
XÓPEUE XÓPEuav
have danced
F. S. 80. XLOVCOEL - it will snow
P. S. I danced
snowed XÓPE~a xopÉ:l/!ajlE
Pr.P. ÉXEL XLOVLOEL it has
XOPEl/!EG; xopÉ:l/!aTE
P. XOPEUE - be dancing (sing.)
snowed XOPEl/!E XÓPEl/!av
P.P. €~XE XLOVCOEL it had
F. c. I shall be dancing XOPEUELE-be dancing (pl.)
e« ÉXEL XLOVCOEL - it will have sn owed
F. P. 80. XOPEÓW 80. XOPEUOjlE P. S. XOPEUE - dance (sing.)
8u. XOPEUELG; 80. XOPEUETE
80. XOPEUEL 80. XOPEUOUV XOPÉ:l/!,E - dance (pl.)
F.S. I shall dance
&0. xopÉ:l/!w 80. XOPÉ:l/!OjlE Infinitive
-------. _---
80. XOPËl/!ELG; 80. XOpÉ:l/!ETE
80. XOPÉ:l/!EL 80. XOPEl/!ouv P.S. va XOpÉ:l/!EL - to dance
Pr. P. I have danced
Éxw XOPEl/!EL
ÉXELG; XOPEl/!EL
etc.
Examples
372-
373-
XopTaLVW (1) - to satiate; to be filled; to have enough; to . (4, a deponent verb) - to need; to require
be satiated; to satisfy
P.
_. __ -._-
Indicative
Indicative I need
P. I am filled, satiated XPELá1:ol-LaL XPELa1:0l-LaoTE P. XPELá1:ol-LaL - that I may be
XOPTaCvw XOPTaCvol-LE P. XOPTaLVw - that I may be xPEcá!:EoaL XPELá!:EOTE
filling needing
xopTaLvELs XOPTaLvETE XPELá!:ETac XPEca1:ovTaL P. s. XPELaOH0 - that I may need
XopTaLvEL XopTaLvouv P.S. xop.áow - that I may be
filled P. C. I was needing
Pr.P.€xw XPELaoTEL - that I may
P.C. I was being filled, satiated Pr.P. Éxw xopTaoEL- that I may XPELa1:Ól-LOUv XPE La1:0l-L,aOTE
have been filled have needed
XópTaLva XopTaLVal-LE XPEca1:óoouv XPELa~óoaoTE
xôpTaLvEs xopTaCvaTE XPEca1:óTav xPEcá1:ovTav
XÓPTaLvE xópTaLvav
P. s. I needed
P. S. I was filled, satiated xPEcáoT~xa XPELaOTT)Xal-LE P. XPELá1:ou - be needing(sing.)
xópTaoa xopTáoal-LE P. XÓPTaLVE - be filled, XpELáoT~XE~ XPELaoTrixaTE
xopTaOEs XOPTaoaTE satiated (sing.) XPELáoT~XE XPELo.oT~xav XPELá~E:OTE-be needing (pl.)
XÓPTaOE xopTaoav XOPTaLvETE-be filling,
satiated (pI.) F.C. 1 shall be needing
'I P.S. XPELáoTOU - need (sing.)
I F. c. I shall be filled, satiated P. S. xópTaoE - be filled (sing.) &a XPELá1:ol-LaL 6u XPELa1:Ól-LaOTE
J 6a XOPTaLVW
6a xopTaLvELs
6a xopTaLvEL
6a
6a
6a
XOPTaLvOl-LE
XOPTaLvETE
xopTaLVOuv
XOPTaOTE- be filled (pl.)
&a XPELá1:EoaL
6a XPELá1:ETaL
&a XPELá1:EOTE
6a XPELá1:ovTaL
I
XPELaoTEL.E - need (pl.)
Examples Examples
TPŴEL TpŴEL xaL nOTÉ ÔE Xop He eats and eats and is never
~E: XPE:Lá1:ojJ.o.L .Cno.o.. ~ do not need anything.
TaCVE:L. satisfied.
I am full, I do not need anything Au.ó XPE:Lá~E:.o.L npOOoxn. This requires attention.
ExópTaoa, ÔE: 6SAW TCnOTa eO. jJ.0.~ XPE:Lo.O.OUVnOAAá
else. Much money will be required for this
ó,Uo. AE:~.á YLo..n ÔOUAE:Lá job.
I1a~ XÓpTaOE: l)JEUTL É~. We had more than enough of his lies.
o.UTn.
~E xopTaCvw va OE: ~AÉnw. I look at you for ever.
We had enough of his tasteless Mou XPE:Lá~e;.o.L TO ~L~ALO I am in need of this book.
xop~áaa~E anó La áVOGLa aaLEta o.u.ó.
•OU. (flat) jokes.
To. XPE:LáoTTjXo. • I was afraid - I was terrified.
Xóp.aoa ~É.O~ 6Éa.po. I have had roy share of theater
this year.
- 374- - 3 75-
.x~?U0.!lEÝW (1) to be of use; to be of service; to serve in (The passive voice is not common) XDll O L jJ.ono L éu ( 3) - t O use; to uti I i z e
P.P. Elxa XPll(JlIlÉt\!El - I had been of use XPll(Jl!lEUOVTaS' - being of use F. P. &0, Éxw XDllOLjJ.onoLTlOEL- I shall have
used
F.S. 8a Éxw XPll(JlIJ.Ét\!El - I shall have been of use
~~Q~nctive (with va, yLa va, óTav etc.)
I
P. XDlloLjJ.onoLw - that I may be using
Examples:
P. S. XDllOLjJ.onOLTlOw - that I may use
Pr.P. Éxw XDlloLjJ.onOLTloEL- that I may have used
~E Tl XPll(JlIJ.EVEl aUTó TO EpyaAE{O; For what is this tool used?
H (JKllvTi, TIOU llaS' 6W(JaTE, <j>áVllKE The tent you gave us came very handy. Imperative
TIOAU XPl)(Jlllll. (proved very useful.)
AUTÓ TO TIOTa IlÓTIA010 XPll0.IlEVEl va This river boat is used to carry P. XDllOLjJ.onoCa - be using (sing.)
IlETa<j>É pet Emj3áTES' aTIó Tll Illa TIAEU pá passengers from one bank of the XDllOLjJ.onoLECTE - be using (pl.)
TOU TIOTallOU o-rnv áAAll· river to the other. P. s. XDlloLjJ.onoClloE - use (sing.)
rrápTE aUTá, 8a GaS' XPll(JlIlÉt\!OUV (JTO Take these; they will be of use to you XDlloLjJ.onoLnOTE - use (pl.)
Ta~l6l (JaS'. on your journey.
Infinitive
P. va XDllOLjJ.onoLEL - to be using
P.S. va XDllOLjJ.onoLTlOEL- to use
INFINITIVE
INFINITIVE P. S. vu. XTLOEL - to build
X~£VLOL£t - to be combed va XTLOTEL - to be built
\ia
P. S. Va. XTE\iLOEL- to comb
PARTICIPLE
---_ .. _----
PARTICIPLE XTL£;:OVTa(;; - building
XTE\iLOUÉ\i-O(;;, -11,-0 - combed XTLOj.lÉ\i-O(;;, -11,-0 - built
- combing
(For examples see p. 335) (For examples see p. 3U6)
-380- -381-
x-cunw. (2) - to h L t ; to· strike; to knock XWpCkW (1) - to separate; to divide; to part; to sever; to
set apart
Active Voice, Indicative Passi~e Voice, Indicative
I hit I am being-;truck, I am struck Active Voice, Indicative Passiv~yoice, Indicative
P. P. I separate ------
x-cunw x-cunOUjJ.E XTunLÉjJ.aL XTunLójJ.aoTE I am being separated
x-cuná.s xTuná.-CE XTunLÉoaL x-cunL{oT€ XwpC!::w XWpC~OjJ.E XwpC~ojJ.aL xWPL~6jJ.aOT€
x-cunó' x-cunouv XTunLÉ-caL XTunLouvTaL XWPC~€Ls XWpC~ETE XWPL~€OaL XWPL~EO-CE
XWpC~EL xwpC~ouv XwpC~E-caL XWP[~ovTaL
P. C. I was hitting I was being struck
x-cunLójJ.ouv x-cunLojJ.ao-CE P. C. I was being separating I was being
x-cunouoa x-cunouoajJ.E separated
x-cunODoEs x-cunouoa-CE X-cunLóoouv XTunLoaao-CE xŵpL~a xwpC~ajJ.€ XWPL[ÓjJ.OUV xWPL~6jJ.ao-CE
XTunouoE x-cunouoav XTunLó-cav XTunLóvTav XWPL!::Es xwp[~a-c€ XWPL!:ÓOOUV xWPL~6oaoTE
XWPL~E XŴPL~av xWPL~6-ca\) XWp[~ovTav
P. S. I hit I was struck
x-cumioajJ.E x-cumiBll}{Q. X -cunll {JnKajJ.E P. S. I separated I was separated
X-cUnllOa.
x-cumioa-CE XTumi{JllKEs XTunll{JÝ]Ka-CE xwpLoa XWPLoajJ.€ XWPLoTllKa
x-cunlloEs XWPLoTÝ]KajJ.E
x-cunlloE XTunlloav X -cum'!{JllK E X -cunn{JllKav XWPLOEs XWPLoa-CE XWP[O-CllKEs XWPLoTnKa-c€
XWPLOE xwpLoav XWPLOTllK€ XWPLo-CllKav
F. C. I shall be hitting I I shall be struck
{Já. XTunOUjJ.E 50. x-cunLÉjJ.aL 50. x-cunLojJ.aoTE F.C. I shall be separating I shall be separated
{Jo. x-cunw
5á. x-cunck 50. XTunó'-CE 50. XTunLÉoaL 50. XTunLËoTE 50. XWPL~W {Jo. XWPC~OjJ.E 50. XWPC~ojJ.aL 50. xWPL~6jJ.ao-CE
{Jo. x-cuná. 50. x-cunouv 50. x-cunLÉTaL 50. XTunLouv-caL {Jo. XWpC~ELs 30. XWPL!:€TE 50. XWPC~EoaL 50. XWPL~EO-CE
50. XWPL~EL 50. XWPL~OUV 50. XWPL~E-caL 50. XWPL~ovTaL
F. S. I shall hit I shall be struck
{Jo. X TumioojJ.E 50. x-cunll{J~ 50. x-cunll{JoujJ.E F. S. I shall separate
30. x-cum'!ow I shall be separated
30. xTumloELs {Jo. XTumloETE 50. XTunll{JELs {Jo. XTun1l5ELT€ 50. XWPLOW {Jo. XWpLOOjJ.E 50. XWPLOTW 50. XWPLO-COUjJ.€
{Jo. x-cum'!oE L {Já. X Tumioouv 50. x-cun1l5€~ 50. XTun1l50uv {Jo. XWPLO€Ls 50. XWPLOETE 50. XWPLOT€(s 50. XWpLOTE(-CE
50. XWPCOEL 50. XWPLOOUV 50. XWPLO-CEL 50. XWPLOTOUV
Pr. P. ~'xw x-cumio~ L- I have hi t Éxw XTunll{JEL - I have been struck
ÉXELs .,. etc. ÉXELs .... etc. Pr.P. Éxw XWPLOEL- I have separated ÉXW XWPLOTEL - I have been
€XELs '" etc. ÉX€Ls ... etc. separated
P.P. ECxa x-cunnOEL- I had hit ELxa x-cun1l5EL - I had been struck
P. P. €Lxa XWPLOEL- I had separated I·
ELxa XWPLOTEt
f
- I had been
F.P. {Jo. ÉXW XTunnOEL- I shall 50. €XW x-cunll{J€L - I shall have separated
have hit been struck F. P. &0. ÉXW XWPLOEL- I shall have 50. Éxw XWPLOTEL- I shall have
separated been separated
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. x-cunw - that I may be hitting XTunLÉjJ.aL-that I may be struck SUBJUNCTIVE
x-cunll{Jw -that I may be struck P. xwpC~w -that I may be separatingxwp[~OjJ.aL-that
P. S. x-cunÝ]ow- that I may hit I may be separated
€XW X-cun1l5EL- that I may have been P. S. XWPLOW -that I may separate XWPLOTw-that I may be separated
Pr. P. Éxw x-cuný]oEL- that I may have
hit struck Pr.P. ÉXW XWpCOEL - that I may have €XW XWPLOT€L _ that I may have
separated been separated
IMPERATIVE
P. x-cuna - be hitting (sing.) IMPERATIVE
P. XWPL!:E - be separating (sing.)
XTuná-c€- be hitting (pl.) XWPL~OU - be separated (sing.)
P. S. x-cunlloE - hit (sing.) x-cunnOOu - be struck (sing.) XWPL~ETE- be separating (pl.) XWpC~EO-CE- be separated (pl.)
XTunll{JELTE - be struck (pl.) P. S. XŴPLOE - separate (sing.)
XTUnTIO-CE - hit (pI.) xwpCoou- be separated (sing.)
XWPLO-CE- separate (pl.) XWPLOT€LTE - be separated Cp L, )
INFINITIVE
P. S. va x-cunnOEL- to hit va x-cunll{J€L - to be struck INFINITIVE
P. S. vu XWPLO€L- to separate vu XWPLOTEL - to be separated
PARTICIPLE
XTunwv-cas - hitting -----xTunlljJ.Év-os,-ll,-O struck PARTICIPLE
(For examples see p. 3(6)
XWPL!::ovTas - separating --------X(00LOjJ.ÉV-Os, +n . -O - s epa r a t ed
(For examples see p. 3(6)
- 332- - 3:33-
E xamples of uses of verbs beginning with X; XELpOXpOLŴ
-334-
-385-
~áAAW or ~ÉAVW (1) - to c h ant; to sing hymns
To o rrf -n, !-laS' XTl<:ETat nDpa. Our house is being built now. Indicative Subjunctive
rrÓTE 8a XTlGETE TO GTTln GaS';
When are you going to build your house? P. I chant
Ta GTTlTta Éxouv xnGTd TO Éva KOVTá The houses have been built close together. ~áAAW or ~ËAVW P. ~aAAW, ~ÉAVW - that I may
~áAAELG ~ËAVELG
GTO áAAO. be chanting
What is being built here? ~áAAÉ;L ~ÉAVEL P. S.
Tt XT{<:ETat E6w; ~a.AW - that I may chant
Ti XT{<:ETE E6w; What are you building here?
~áAAO~E ~ÉAVO~E Pr.P. Éxw ~a.AEL - that I may have
~áAAETE ~ËAVETE chanted
~áAAOUV ~ÉAVOUV
'ETTEGa KáTW Kat xnJTT1wa TO KEcj>áAt !-lOU. I fell down and hit my head. P. C. I was chanting Imperative
To POAÓt XTUTTá 6w6EKa Tj wpa. The clock strikes twelve. É~aAAa É~EAva
H Ka!-lTTáva XTUTTá. the church bell rings. ~~aAAEG É~EAVEG P. ~aAAE, ~ÉAVE - be chanting
a TTaTÉpaS' XTUTTTjGE TO TTat61 TTOU T]TaV The father struck the unruly child. E~aAAE É~EAVE
(Sing.)
áTaI(TO. l)JaAAETE, ~ËAVETE - be
Somebody is knocking at the door. ~a.AAa~E ~ËAva~E
H rtópr« XTUTTá. chanting (plo)
He knocks at the door. ~áAAaTE ~ËAvaTE
XTUTTá TTjV TTÓpTa. É~aAAav
They struck him with a knife. É~EAvav P. S. ~clAE - chant (Sing.)
Tov XTUTTTjGaV !-lE !-laxatpt.
XTUTTTjGa 6ÉKa TToUAtá. I shot ten birds. P. S. I chanted
They attacked us from the sides. ~a.AETE - chant (pl.)
MaS' xnJTTTjGaV aTTó Ta TTAáyta. É~aAa ~áAa~E
Tov xnJTTTjGE Tj appWGTEta. Illness struck him. É~aAEG ~a.AaTE
To KpaG{ XTUTTá GTO KEcj>áAt. (Wine hits the head). Wine makes you dizzy. É~aAE É~aAav Infinitive
a T]AtoS' ÓATj !-lÉpa XTUTTá TO Gmn. The sun bears down on the house all day long.
Tov XTUTTTjGE. O T]AtoS' GTO KEcj>áAt. He had a sun stroke. F. C. I shall be chanting P.S. va ~a.AEL- to chant
XTUTTW ~9 Kapcj>l !-lE TO Gcj>upC I hit the nail with the hammer. ~a ~a.AAW, ~a ~ÉAVW
XTUTTá Ta auyá. • He (she) beats the eggs. ~á ~áAAELG, ~a ~ÉAVELG
This sounds bad. etc.
AUTÓ XTUTTá áGXTj!-la:
H Kap6tá !-lOU XTUTTá' 6uvaTá. My heart beats fast.
F. S. I shall chant
AUTÓ XTUTTá GTa !-lána. (This hits the eyes.) It makes an impression.
~a ~áAW ~a ~âAO~E
Mou XTUTTáEt GTa VEupa aUTóS' O áv8pWTTOS'. (This man strikes me on my nerves). This man
~a ~áAELG ~d. ~a.AETE ~a.AAOVTaG, ~ËAVOVTaG -
makes me nervous. He upsets me. ~ó. l)JáAEL ~a ~áAOUV
(Take the one and hit him on the other.} Both chanting
rrápE TOV Éva Kat xnJTTa TOV GTOV áAAO.
are equally bad. Pr.P. I have chanted
The enemy has been attacked by our planes. Éxw ~áAEL
-389-
- 33G-
lVTjVW (1) - to bake; to roast; to cook· lVWVCSW (1) - to shop
Pr.P. ~Xw lVnOEL- I have baked ÉXW lVT1{JEL - I have been Pr.P. I have shopped
ÉXELG ..• etc. ÉXELG .. , baked Ëxw lVwvLon
ÉXELG lVwvLon
P. P. Elxa lVnOEL- I had baked ELxa lVT1{JEL - I had been baked etc. Participle
I
F.P. &0. Éxw lVnOEL - I shall {Jo. Éxw lVn{JEL - I shall have P.P. ELXa lVWVLOEL - I had shopped lVWVL!:OVLaG - shopping
have baked been baked
F. P. {Jo. Éxw lVWVLOEL- I shall have
SUBJUNCTIVE shopped
(with va, yLa vu, óTav etc.)
P. lVnVW - that I may be baking lVnvo~aL- that I may be baked
P. S. lVnOW - that I ~ay bake lVT1{JW - that I may be baked
Pr.P. Éxw lVnOEL - that I may have Éxw lVT1{JEL - that I may have been
bake baked
IMPERATIVE
P. lVÝ)VE - be baking (sing.) 4JnVOU - be baked (sing.) TL lVWVLOEGi What did you buy?
ljJnVETE _ be baking (pI.) lVllVEOcE - be baked (pI.) WWVLoa~E XPLOLOUYEVVLáLLxa We bought some Christmas
P. S . lVÝ)OE - bake (sing.) lVnOOU - be baked (pI.) 6~pa. gifts.
lVT10cE - bake (pI.) lVn{JELLE - be baked (pl.) An6 noD lVWVLhELEi Where do you do your shopping?
~EV ÉXO~E lVWVLOEL LLnOLa 0.- We have not bought anything
INFINITIVE x6~a. yet.
P. S. Va lVnOEL - to bake vo, 4JT1{JE ( - to be baked Tnv lVWVLOE O XUPLOG. The gentleman found a girl
friend.
PARTICIPLE
lVllVOVcaG - baking -------~~É:v-oG,-n,-o - baked
(For examples see p. 392)
- 390-
-391-
W~EAW (3) - to benefit
TL l!nlvE TE;
What are you cooking? ~~ti.::':e Voi~, Indicative Passive Voice, Indicative
lItrlvOjJ.E naTO:t"E·C jJ.E Jtptac. We are coOking ~eat with potatoe~. P. I benefit I am being benefited
AUTÓ~ O ~oupVOC ~nVEL KáAÓ This b~kery makes good bread. W~EAW W~EA00)..LE WCPEAOD)..LaL W~EAoójJ.aoTE
~WjJ.C •
W~EAd~ W~EAE':TE WCPEAE(oaL WCPEAELOTE
To Kpta~ ~n0nKE. The meat is cooked. W~EAd W~EA00v WCPEAELTaL W~EAoDvTaL
ELXajJ.E ~n0Eé anó TOV nALa. We burned in the sun.
o MaVWAnc KaL n ~ËanOLva (Manolis and Despina have an affair): P. C. I was benefiting I was being benefited
Ta É~aav. They are in love. W~EAo6oa W~EAoóoajJ.E W~EAOÓ)..LOUV W~EAOU)..LaOTE
ea aE ~naw aTO EVAOe I will give you a good spanking. W~EAODOE~ W~EA0óoaTE W~EAOÓOOUV W~EAouoaoTE
Wn0nKajJ.E aTn 60UAELá. We have become well versed in this W~EA00oE W~EAouoav W~EAouvTav W~EAoóvTav
work.
ea aou ~naw TO ~áPL aTa (I am going to cook the fish on your P.S. I benefited I was benefited
xELAn. lips): I wii1 make you pay for this. W~ÉAnoa W~EAr'\oa)..LE W~EATlGnMa WcpEAllGnXa)..LE
wcpÉAnOEs wcpEATlOaTE w~EAnGnMEs w~EAllGnMaTE
W~EAllOE wcpEAnoav w~EAnGnME w~EAnGnMav
W<pEAW
F. C. I shall be benefiting I shall ~e benefited
AUTÓ TO ~ápjJ.aKO jJ.E ~tAnaE This medicine helped me much. 0a W~EAc6 0á. W~EAOJjJ.E Gu WCPEAOD)..LaL 0u W~EAoujJ.aoTE
noAu. Ga WCPEAELs Ga W~EAdTE Ga WQEAELoaL Gu W~EAE(OTE
~EV w~EAn0nKE Ka0óAou ánó He did not benefit at all from the Ga W~EAd Gu W~EAODV Ga WCPEAE(TaL Ga W~EAo6vTaL
'rn 6LaL Ta. diet.
~E TL 0a ~EAnaouv Ta xpn In what way will the money help you F. S. I shall benefit I shall be benefited
jJ.aTa óTav nE0ávEL~; when you have died? Ga W~EAnOW Gu W~EATlOOjJ.E Gu w~EAllGw Ga w~EAllGo0)..LE
To IvaTLTo0TO w~EAn0nKE 1he Institute was greatly benefited from Gu WcpEAnoELs Gu W~EATlOETE Gu w~EAnGE(s 0a w~EAnGE1TE
nOAu jJ.E Ta xpnjJ.aTa nou d~n the money which this great philanthropist Gu W~EAnoEL Ga WCPEATlOOUV Gá. w~EAnGEL Ga w~EAllGo0v
aE o jJ.~ráAo~ aUT6~ ~LAáv0pw left.
no~. Pr.P. Éxw W~EAnOEL- I have benefited €XW w~EAn0E( - I have been
benefited
P. P. ELxa W~EAr'\OEL- I had benefited ELxa WQEAllGEL- I had been
benefited
F. P. Gu €XW W~EATlOEL- I shall have Ga ÉXW w~EAllGE( - I shall have
benefited been benefited
SUBJUNCTIVE
P. W~EAW - that I may be benefiting WQEAOU)..LaL - that I may be
benefited
P.S. W~EAr'\OW - that I may benefit w~EAllGw-that I may be benefited
Pr.P. Éxw W~EAr'\OEL- that I may have Éxw wQEAn0EC- that I may have
benefited been benefited
IMPERATIVE
P. W~EAEL- be benefiting (sing.)
W~EAELTE- be benefiting (pl.)
P.S. W~ÉAnOE - benefit (sing.) WQEATlOOU - be benefited (sing.)
W~EAELOTE- benefit (pl.) WQEAllGE~TE - be benefited (pl.)
INFINITIVE
P.S. va W~EAnOEL - to benefit va WQEAllGEL - to be benefited
PARTICIPLE
WQEAŴVTas- benefiting W~EAlljJ.Év-Os,-n,-o- benefited
392- (For examples see p. 392)
-393-
List of verbs in Greek alphabetical order
A page
-395-
B ÉPXO]J.aL (4) = to come; to arrive .. ' •.•.••••••.•••••••.•••••••••••••••• 101
El:OL]J.ák:Wc6(l) = to prepare; to get ready . 102
!3ák:~ (1) = to put; to set; to place; to lay ••••••••••••••••••• 54 ~UxaPLOl:' (3)= to thank; to please' ••..•••••••.•.•.•.•••••.•...••••••••• 103
!3yái:w
!3ya~vw
(1) = to take
(1) =
out; to take
to go o ut ; to come out
off; to extract ••••••••••••.•
••••••••••••••.•••••.••••.••.••
55
56
EXW (1) = to have
• e e •••••• tl '" oll ... It
.
••• tl ll. "'' e." Co". Co "'. fO" e"." •.•.•.
.
e"" tl." 104
-396- -397-
'''\
-398-
-399-
rte p ~ Y pá.<pw ( 1 ) = tod esc rib e ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 231 o!3nvw (1) = to extinguish; to put out; to blowout . 287
nEPLÉXw (1) to contain; to include; to comprise •••••••••••• 232 crixóvco (1) = to raise; to lift; to hold out; to carry ••••••• 288
nEPVJ..I.ÉvW (1) = to wait; to expect; to wait for •••••••••••••••• 233 OnjJ.a.Lvw, onuc.é vc i (l) = to ring; to ring a bel1;it means e. 0 00 289
nEPLopCi:w (1)= to limit; to bound; to confine; to restrain •••• 234 OnjJ.ELwvw (1) = to mark; to note down; to remark; to take a note 290
nEPLnoLOU]..l.a.~ (4) - to look after; to treat; to attend to ••••• 235 a L wnw (2 ) = to k e e psi 1 en t ; tab e sil e n t •••••••••••••••••• o •• 291
nEPv~ (2) = to pass; to cross •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 236 oxEná.!:w (1) = to cover; to conceal •••••••••••••••• 0 ••••••••• ' 292
nEpna.~~ (2) = to walk; to stroll ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 237 oxÉ<P~O]..l.a.L (4)= to think; to reflect ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 293
nE~~ (2) = to fly; to throw; to fling; to throwaway •••••••••• 238 oxC!:w (1) = to tear; to split; to cut open; to cleave ••••••• 294
TIÉ<P~w (1) = to fall; to tumble down •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 239 cxorte ócc (1) = to intend; to aim at ••••••• 0 •••••••••••••••• o. 295
TInya.LVOÉPXO]..l.a.L (4) to come and go .......•••••••••••••••••••••••• 7.40 OXOPTIC!:w (1) = to scatter; to disperse ••••••••••••••••••.••• 0 296
TInya.C vw (1) = tog o ••• o ••••• o •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• o 241 oxo róvo (1) to kill ••••••••••. ~ .••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 297
TIn ôd> ( 2 ) = taj ump ; tol e ap; to hop; tas kip •••••••••••••••••• 242 oxu!3w (1) to bend; to stoop ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 298
rn.ávco (1) = to take; to seize; to catch; to grasp . 243 aná.!:w {1) = to break; to fraction; to smash •••••••••••••••••• 299
rt vco (1)
é = to drink •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••• 244 onouôá.!:w (1) = to study ••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 300
n L O~ E uw (1 ) = tab e 1i ev e ••••••••••••••••• .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••• 245 o~a.]..I.a.~w (2) = to stop; to halt; to cease . 301
nAÉ vo ( 1 ) tawas h •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 246 o~ÉXO]..l.a.~ (4) = to stand; to stop ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 302
TIAnywVw (1) = to wound ••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••.••• 247 O~ÉAVW (1) to send; to forward; to dispatch ••••••••••••••• 303
nAnpO<pOp~ (3)= to inform •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 248 a~EvoxwPu:, (3) to annoy; to worry •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 304
TIAnpWVW (1) = to pay .......••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 249 O~npL!:W (1) = to lean; to support ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 305
TIi\,nOLá.i:w (1) to approach ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• o •• 250 o~Oi\,L!:W (1) = to decorate; to adorn; to embellish 0 •••••••••• 306
nAou~Li:w (1) to becom~ rich; to enrich; to get rich ••••••••• 251 o~pwvw (1) = to spread; to lay down •••••••••••.••••••••••••• 307
nvtyw (1) = to choke; to drown ••••••••••••••••• 0 •••••••••••••• 252 ouyxwpcfJ (2) = to forgive; to pardon ••.•.•••••••••••••••••••• 308
no>-.r;;]..I.tD (2) to wage war; to figh t •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 253 au i;: nnu (2 ) = tod i s cu ss; tod ebat e; t o arg ue •••••••••••••••• 309
novó (2,3) = to ache; to feel pain •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 254 OU]..I.!3a.CVEL (1) it happens; it occurs; it comes to pass ••••• 310
no~C!:w (1) = to wa t e r j t.o irrigate; to give to drink .0 . 255 ouvuv ró (2) to meet; to come across .........•......•..... 311
nouAeS (2) = to sell •••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••.•• 256 OUVEXCrW (1) to continue ••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •••••••••••• 312
npa.OI.VLi;:0 (1) = to become green; to be verdant ••••••••••••••••• 257 O<pá.!:w (1) = to slaughter; to kill; to massacre •••••••••••••• 313
nptnEL (.1) = it must; it shoud; it ought •••••••• ; . 258 OXEÔLá.i;:w (1) to sketch; to make a sketch; to plan ••••.•••• 314
npOELÔOT,LOLus' (3) to warn; to forwarn; to caution ••••••••••••• 259 axn]..l.a.~C!:w (1) ~ to form; to shape; to fashion ••••••••••••••• 315
rtoóx E L ~a. L ( 4 ) = i tis a bau t ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 260
npoEEv~ (3) = to ~ause; to bring about •••••••••••••••••••• 0 •••• 262
nooo e óyouc.i (4)= to pray . 263 T
npooÉxw (1) to pay attention; to be attentive 0 ••••• 264
npooxa..A.uS (3)= to invi·te; to call •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 265 ~aELôEUw (1) = to travel; to journey; to go on a voyage ••••• 323
noocoé pw ( 1) = t o off er •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 266 ~EAELŴVW (1) = to finish; to complete; to conclude ••••••••••• 324
rroo r i.uó (2) = to prefer; to like better •••••••••••••••••••••••• 267 ~nAE<Pwvw (3,2) to telephone; to call ••••••••••••••••••••• 325
npo<p~a.LVW (1) to overtake; to catch up ••••••••••••••••••.••• 268 ~~]..I.w (2) to honor; to respect; to revere; to cost ••••••••• 326
npoxwpu:, (2,3) to go forward; to advance; to go ahead .. 269 ~pa!3cJ (2) to pull; to draw; to drag; to tow •••••••••••••• 327
~payouôw (2) to sing •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 328
~pÉ]..I.W (1) to tremble; to shiver; to shudder; to quake ••••• 329
p ~pÉxw (1) to run ••••••••••••••.••••••.••• 0 •••••••••••••••• 330
~pC!3w (1) to rub •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 331
pá.!3w (1) = to sew; to stitch •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 281 ~pwyw (1) to eat ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 332 ,,-
pCxvw (l) to throw; to toss; to fling •••••• ~ ••••••••••••••• o 282 ~Ui\,LYW (1) = to wrap; to roll up •••••.•••••••••••••••••••••• 333
pw~w (2) to ask; to question; to inquire ••....••...••..•••• 283 ~UXa.LVW (1) = to'meet by chance; to occur; to come to pass •• 334
y J
Oa.AEUW (1) = to move; to stir; to budge •••••••••••••• 0 •• 0 ••••• 285 UYLaLVw (1) to be in good health; to be well ••••••••••••• 338
Oa.O~L!:W (1) = to become confused; to be disconcerted •••••••••• 286 urtcocoóco (1 ) to obey; to lis ten to •••••••••••••••••••••••• 339
uná.pxw ( 1) = to exist; to be ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •••••• 340
-400-
-401-
unEpÉXW (1) = to be superior; to surpass; to excel •••••••••••••• 341 List of verbs in English alphabeti~al order
UnllPE -rw (2,3) to serve; to be in the service of ••••••••••••••• 342
uno Y pá.Qw ( 1 ) '= tas ig n •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 343 A B
unojl.ÉVW (1) = to endure; to bear •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 344 ,I
unooLllP(,r;:w (1)= to support; to back ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 345 abandon a.cpnvw back unoo.np~~w
urrócvoucu, (4) = to promise •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 346 able (to be ••• ) urtooó bake llnivw
unoQÉpw (1) to suffer; to endu~e; to bear ••••••••••••••••••••• 347 about (it is ••• ) = npóxELLa.L bare GEoxEná!;;w
u~~vw (1) = to raise; to elevate; to hoist •••••••••••••••••••••• 348 absent (to be ••• ) = AE(,nw bashful (to be o •• ) = vLPÉnOjl.a.L
accept = 6ÉXOjl.a.L, na.pa.6ÉXOjl.a.L / ba the = AOU!:W
accompany = a.xoAou3w, na.pa.xoAou3w be (to ••• ) = ELjl.a.L, unápxw
accomplish = xá.vw bear aVLÉXw, unojl.Évw
accuse = Ha~nYOp~ unocpÉpw
Qa.(,VOjl.a.L (4) = to appear; to see; to look like •••••••••••••••••• 350 ache = novw beat ôépvco , VLX0)
cpa.vLá.r;:Ojl.a.L (4) to imagine; to fancy; to think; to believe ••••• 351 achieve = xa.Lop3~vw become = y(,VOjl.a.L
QÉpvw (1) = to bring; to carry; to fetch •••••••••••••••••••••••• 352 acquire = a.noXLw bed (to go to ••• ) Ga.nAwvw
QEUYW (1) = to leave; to go away •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 353 admire = 3a.ujl.á.!;;w beg = na.pa.xa.AtJ
Q L A(Jj (2, 3) = to k iss •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 354 admit = na.pa.6ÉXOjl.a.L begin = a.PXL!:W ,
QOS015Ua.L (4) to be afraid ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 355 adorn = OLOAL!;;W begin afresh = ~a.Va.PXL!:~
cpop& (2,3) = to pUt on; to wear; to have on ••••••••••••••••••••• 356 advance = npoxwp~ behold = (3AÉnw, na.pa.LllPW
CPPOVL(,r;:W (1) to take care of; to care; to look after •••••••••• 357 affirm = (3ESa.L~VW believe = VOjl.L!;;W, cpa.vLá.!:Ojl.a.L,
CPLá.VW (1) to ~rri~e; to reach •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0. 358 af r ai d (to be ••• ) CP0(30011a.L nLoLEuw
CPUAá.yW (1) to keep; to take care; to guard; to watch; to protect 359 aid = (30113w belong = a.vnxw
<pwvá.r;:w (1) to shout; to yell; to call . 360 aim at = oxonEuw bend = oxu6w
CPWLL!;;W (1) to light; to illuminate; to enlighten •••••••••••••. 361 alive (to be ••• ) = !;;w bene fi t = WCPEA~
amuse myself = 6La.aXE6á.!;;w bind = ôé vco
angry (to be ••• ) =3ujl.~vw bind together = EV~VW ,
x angry (to make ••• ) = oPy(,!;;w birth (give ••• ) = YEVVW
announce = O\Ja.yyÉAAW j blend = ava.xa.LEUW
Xa.'l:6EUw (1) = to pat; to caress ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 363 annoy = nELpá.!;;w, OLEVOXWpW blowout = o6nvw
Xa.LPEL~ (2) = to greet; to salute ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 364 answer = a.na.vnG bother = nELPá.!:w
Xa.(,POjl.Q.L ) 4) , to be glad; to be delighted . 365 appear = CPa.LVOjl.a.L bound = nEPLoP(,!:W
Xa.llllA~VW (1) to lower ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 366 applaud = XELPOXPOLW break = aná.r;:w
Xa.jl.OYEA~ (2) to smile ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• o •••••• 367 appoint = op(,!;;w breathe =ava.nvÉw
xávw (1) to lose ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 368 approach = XOVLEUW, nAlloLá.!;;W bring = cpÉpvw
Xa.pL!;;W (1) = to give away; to give; to donate ••••••••••••••••••• 369 argue = OU!;;llL~ bring about = npoGEvw
XELPOXPOLW (2) = to applaud; to clap •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 370 arrive = CPLá.VW, €PXOjl.a.L build XLLr;:W
XLOVL!;;EL (1) it snows ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 372 ascend = a.VESa.LVW brush = (30UPLOL!:W
XOPEUW (1) = to dance •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••• 373 ashamed (to feel ••• ) = vLPÉnOjl.a.L budge = Oa.AEUW
XOPLa.LVW (1) to satiate; to be filled; to have enough •••••••.• 374 ask = a.na.LLw, na.pa.xa.A.w, PWLW burn = Xa.LW
XPELá!;;ojl.a.L (4) = to need; to require •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 375 asleep (to be ••• ) = XOLjl.OUjl.a.L buy = a.YOpá.r;:w
XPllOLjl.EUW (1) to be of use; to be of services . 376 assess €XLL~
XPlloLllonoLc0 (3), to use; to utilize •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 377 assist SOll3W
XPWjl.a.L(,!;;W (1) = to color; to paint; to tint •••••••••••••••• 0 •••• 379 assume ava.Aa.jl.Sá.vw
X1:'EvLh:w (1) to comb •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 380 assure SE(3a.L~VW e
XLL!;;W (l) = to build; to construct; to erect •••••••••••• 0 ••••••• 381 attain xa.Lop3~vw, anoXL~
XLun~ (2) = to hit; to strike; to knock •••••••••• 0 ••••••••••••••• 382 attend na.pa.xoAou3w calculate = AOya.PLá.r;:W
Xwp L r;:w ( 1 ) = to se par a te; tod i v i de; top art; to s e v er •••••••••• 383 attend to = nEPLnOLOujl.aL call = ovowi!:w, npooxa.Aw,
LllAECPW
attention (pay ••. ) = npooÉxw vw, CPPOVLL!:W,
attentive (to be ••• ) = npooÉxw cpwvá.!:w
avoid = anoCPEuyw call upon = EnLoxÉnLOjl.a.L
.!
awake (to stay •.. ) Ga.ypunvw can = jl.nopw
~áA.AW (1) = to chant; to sing hymns ••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••• 387 aware (to be ••• ) = yvwp(,!;;w care (take care of) = CPPOVLL!:W
~a.PE uW ( 1) = to fis h ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• o •••• 388
~á.xvw (1) = to search ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 389
~ri vco ( 1 ) to ba k e ; tor o ast; toc o ok •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 390
~V L r;:w (1) = to sh op ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 391 -403-
-402-
caress ~ xa~6EUW converse = ~LAili draw = Lpaf3w find = ~PLauw
carry ~ anuwvw, ~ÉPVW convey = ~E.a~Épw draw near = UOV.EUW finish = cEAELWVW
carry out = uávw cook ~aYELPEuW, i.lJnvw dream OVELPEUO~L fish = I.j.!ap€uw
catch = nLávw copy = aVcLypá~ dress = VLUVW .1
fix = OPL6W
catch cold = upuwvw cos t = aEC ~W drink nCvw fling = ITEcW, PLXVW
catch up = npo~caCvw count = ~EcPŴ, AOyaPLá~w drink (to give a drink fly = rreró
cause npoEEVŵ courage (to have ••• ) =&app6 no.L6w follow = UUOAOU&6, napauoAOu&W
caution = npoEL6onoLw
, /
cover aUEná~w drown nVLYw ) fond (be fond of) = áyanw
ce~se = nauw, aca~cw, cross nEPvŵ dwell uacOLUW forbid = anaYOpEuw
change = aAAá~w, YUPL~W cry uAaCw force = avayuá6w
chant = I.j.!MAW cut u6~w forget = EEXVW
chat = ]..LLAŴ cut open = ouC~w E forgive = auyxUlPw
chatter = Aa.AÓ) form = ánOL€AŴ, axn~acL6w
cheat YEA6J earn = UEp6L6W forward =aLÉAVw
chill = naywvw D elevate = ul.j.!wvw forwarn = npoEL6onoLw
choke = nVLYw embellish = a.oAC~w fraction = aná.6w
choose = 6LaAÉyw dance XOPEÓW embrace = aYuaALá.~w freeze = naywvw
claim = anaLcw dart = op~w endura = av.éxw, uno~Evw frighten = Ea~vLâ.6(o)
clap = XELPOUPOcw dawns (it) = En~EpWVEL unoqJÉpw furnish = napÉxw
clean = ua&apC~w debate = aU~Tnŵ enjoy myself = 6LaouE6á.6w
cleave = ouC~w deceive =YEAID enlarge = ~£yaAwvw
climb down = uacE~aCvw decide =ano~aaL~w enlighten = ~WLL6W G
close = UAELVW decorate = acoAC~w enrich = nAou.L6W
cold (to be ) = uPuwvw decrease = ~LupaCvw enter = ~naLVw gain UEP6L6W
cold (to get ) = upuwvw deem = vo~C~w envy = 6nAEUw gather = ~a6Euw
collect = ~a~Euw defeat = VLUW erect = X.C~w gaze = UOLLá6w
color = xpw~acC~w define = OPL~W escape = ano~Euyw get = ~PLauw, anoxcw
comb = XcEVL~W defraud = YEAc0 estimate = €U.L~Ŵ get tall = ~EyaAwvw
come = -'~Pxo~aL delighted (to be ••• ) =xaCpo~aL examine 60UL~á6W, EEEcá6w get ready = ELOL~á6W
come across auyavc~ demand = ortm, cID uOL.á6w, ~£AEcW give = 6Cvw, xapL~w
come and go = TIll,yaL vo- descend = uacE~aLvw excel = unEpÉxw give away = xaPL~w
Épxo~aL describe = nEPLYP~W exist = uná.pxw glad (to be ••• ) xaLPo~aL
come ( to '0' next) = auoAou&W des e rve = a.EL ~w expect = nEPL~ÉvW glisten = Aá.~nw
come out = ~yaLvw desire = £nL&u~, &ÉAW explain = £ETlYW glitter = Aá~nw
command = napayyÉAvw detect = ~PLauw expound = EEnyclJ go = nnyaLVW
commence = apXL~w determine = ano~aaC~w extinguish = a~nvw go ahead =npoxwpw
compel = avayuá~w die = nEfuCvw extract = ~yá6W go away = ~EUYW
complete = cEAELWVW direct = o6nyw go down = HaLE~aCvw
compose = anocEAŵ disconcerted (to be ••• ) =aaaLL~w go forward = npoxwpŵ
conceal = ouEná~w, uPu~w discriminate = E£xwpC~w F go out = ~yaLvw
conclude = .EAELWVW discover = avauaAuncw go up = aVE~aCvw
confine = nEPLopC~W discuss = au~n.w face = aVTLUPu6W govern = UU~€PVW
confirm = f3Ef3aLwvw dismiss = nauw fall = m~~.w grant = napÉxw
confuse (to become con- dispatch acÉAvw fance = ~avLá6o~aL grasp nLá.vw
fused)= aaa.C~w disperse = auopnC~w fashion = axn~aLL6w green (to become .0.)= npaaLvL~w
comprise = nEPLÉXw dissolve = AUWVW fasten = 6Évw greet = xaLPEL&
conquer = VLUCÓ distinguish = EEXWPL6W I feed = &PÉ~ greet xaLP€LL6W
consider = &EWpŴ disturb = nELPá.6w, avnauxw feel = aLa&á.vo~aL, VLwaW groan uvaaLEvá.6w
constitute = anOcEA~ divide = xwpC~w fetch ~Épvw grow up = ~€YaAWVW
construct = X.C~w do = uá.vw fight = aywvC6o~aL, naAEuw, guard = ~uAáyw
contain = nEPLÉXW donate xaPL6W nOA£~ŵ guide = ó6nyŵ
continue = eEauoAOU&W, aUVEXC~W drag =cpa~J.J figure out = AOyapLá.6w gulp down = ua.anCvw
fill = YE~L~W
fill (to be filled)
xopLaLvw
-404-
-405-
H K measure = llETPW pick up = lla!:EUW
halt - crTa~aT(,5 keep - <j>uAáyw meet = auvavTW place = f3á.!:w
hang - KpE~W keep, clear of - aTTo<j>Euyw
000 meet by chance TuxaLvw plan = aXE6Lá.!:w
hang up - KPE ~w kill - oxo-roivro meet someone = á.naVT.:D play = naC!:w
happens, it - cru~~atvEl kiss - <j>lAW melt = Jeuwvw please = ápÉaw, EuxapLaT~
knock - XTUTTW mention = ava~Épw pray = napaxaJew, npOaEUXOjlaL
have - Éxw mingle = avaxaTEuw
know - yvwpiCw, ~Épw possess = xaTÉxw
have, to .. enough - xopTat vw
o
mix = avaxaTEuw
knowledge -, to have yvwpiCw
postpone = avaf3á.JeJew
have on - <j>opw oo -
moisten = f3pÉXW prefer = npOT~llw
headache, to give a 000'CaAtCW known, made ooavayyÉAvw
-
mount = aVEf3aLvw prepare ETO~llá!:w
health, to be in good ... - uytat vw mourn = xJeaCw present na.poua~á!:w
hear - aKOUW A move = aaJeEuw prevent Ejlno6C!:w
help - ~oT}8w must (it) = npÉnE~ produce napoua~á!:w
hide - KpU~W lament - KAalw profit = xEp6C!:w
hinder - E ~ TToBiCw 'laugh - yEAW prohibit = anayopEUw
lay - ~áCw N promise = urt6aXOlla~
hit - XTUTTW
lay down - crTpWVW property (to be property of
hoist - U41WVW name oVOllá.!:W
lead - oBT}yw aVr)xw
hold - KaTÉXw, KpaTw near to be ••• ) XOVTEUW protect = ~uJeáyw
hold out - aVTÉXw lean - crTT}ptCW need xPE~á.!:olla~ provide = napÉxw
honor - Tl~W leap - TTT}Bw note (to take a ••• ) pull = Tpaf3w
hop - TTT}Bw learn - ~a8atvw onuc ~wvw put f3á.!:u)
hope - EA TTiCw leave behind - ~ETTEpVW note down = anllE~wvW put on = ~opd)
hungry, to be .. TTElVW left, to be.. - aTTo~Évw, ~Évw notify = avaYYÉ.Jevw, c t ôorto t có put out = af3nvw
lessen - ~lKpaivw nourish = 8pÉ~w
let - a<j>l1vw
lie- eaTTAwvw Q
I
ill, to be - TTácrxw lift- crT}KWVW
quake = TPÉUW
illuminate - <j>WTtCW light - avá~w, <j>WTlCW obey axouw, unaxouw ques tion = PWT<.0
imagine - <j>avTáCo~(n like - to .. better than - TTpOTl~W oblige = avayxá.!:w quiet (to be ••• )
inform - TTAT}pO<j>Opw, ElBoTTOlW, avayyÉAvw limit - opiCw observe = napaTnpW
inform, to be informed - ~a8aivw liquefy - AUWVW obtain = anOXTw
inhabit - KaTolKw listen - aKouw occurs (it) = aUllf3aCvE~ R
include - TTEplÉXW listen to - uTTaKouw offer = npoa~Épw
injure - aBlKw, TTAT}yWVW live - ';;w, KaTolKw open = avoCyw rains (it) = f3PÉxt~
inquire - pWTW long for - Em8u p.w order = napayyÉJevw raise = anxwvw, u~wvw
look after - TTE pvrroiod ~al, <j> pOVTlCW ought (it) = npÉnE~ reach = qná.vw
instruct - TTmBEuw, TTapayyÉAvw
look alike - ~oláCw outrun = EcnEpvw read = 6~af3á.!:w
intend - crKOTTEUW overtake = Hpo~TaCvw recognize = avayvwpC!:w
interpret - EeT}yW look at - ~AÉTTW, KOl TáCw, TTapaTT}pw reflect =axÉ~TOjla~
invent - avaKaAuTTTw look for - aVaCT}Tw, yUpEUW, CT}TW rela te ava<;:JÉpw
invite - TTpocrKaAw look like - <j>atVO~al p remain = anollÉvw, jlÉvw
irrigate - TTOTtCW loosen - AUVW remark = cnuc ~wvw
irritate - Bu ~wvw lose - Xávw pain (feel ••• ) = novw remember = 8Ul100jla~
love - ayaTTw paint = XPwllaTC!:w repeat = EnavaJeajlf3ávw
lower - xa~T}AwVW pardon = auyxwpw reply = crtuv ró
part = xwpC!:w report = ava<pÉpw I
J
M
part (to have a ••• ) llETÉXW request = napaxaJeŵ I
jealous, to be .. - ';;T}AEUW partake = llETÉXW require = XPELá!:OllaL, ana~TW
join together - EVWVW participate = llETÉXW resembie = llo~á!:w
journey - Ta~lBEuw make - crT} ~ElWVW pass = nEpvw
I
reside = KaTO~xw
judge - KplVW mark - crT} ~ElWVW pat = ,xat:6EUw r e s i s t = aVTÉXw
jump - TTT}Bw marry - TTavTpEuw pay = nJenpwvw resolve = ano¢aaC!:w
massacre - crKoTwvw perceive = aVT~Jeallf3á.volla~, respect = T~jl6:l
means, it .. - crT} ~ai VEl aLa8á.volla~ rest = EEXoupá!:w, avanaUOjla~
- 406 - -407-
rest = nOUXcl.!;:w sick (to be oo.) =náoxw T v
restrain = nsp~op{!;:W sigh avaol:svá!;:w
resume snaVaAau~cl.VW, Eavapx{!;:w sign unoypá<jlw take = n~ávw, naLpvw value EXl:~JUG
return = yup{!;:w silent (to be ••• ) =o~wn~ take off = Sycl.l:w verdant (to be ••• ) = npao~v{!:w
revere = l:~UŴ silent (to keep ••• )= o~wneS take out = Sycl.l:w visit = sn~oxÉ<jlLoua~
rich (become ••• ) = nAOUl:L!;:W sing = l:payouo~ talk = u~Acb, AaAw voyage (to go on a ••. ) =
ring Ollua{vw s ing hymns = llJcl.kAW taste = OOX~Ucl.!;:w l:at~OEÓw
ring a bell = Ollua{vw sit = xcl.&ojJ.a~ teach = O~Ocl.OXW
rise = avs~aLVW sketch = oxso~á!;:w tear = ox{!;:w, !;SOXL!:W
roas t = llJ1ivw sketch (to make a ••• ) OXSO~cl.!;:w telephone = 'nAS<jlwvw w
rob = xÂ.É~w skip = nnow tell = )cÉyw
roll up ~ l:UALYW slaughter = o<jlá!;:w test = oox~jJ.cl.!:w wait nEPLuÉvW
rub = l:PL~W sleep = xO~jJ.o0ua~ thank sUxap~ol:uS wait for = nEpLUÉvW
rule = xu~spveS sleep (npt to )= aypunv~ think = &app6, XPLVW, VOU{!;:w, wake up = [;unv(\)
run = l:oÉxw sleepy (to be ••• ) VUOl:cl.!;:w oXÉ<jll:oua~,<jlavl:á!;:ojJ.a~ walk = nEpnan0
rush = OPUW smash ancl.!;:w thirsty (to be ••• ) = wan t = &ÉA(u
smi le = xaUOYSA~ o~llJw war (wage ••• ) = nOAsuw
solve = AUVW throw nSl:w, PLXVW warm !:EOl:aLVW
snows (it) = X~OVL!;:S~ throwaway = nSl:w, PLXVW warn = npoE~oonOL~
s spank = oÉpvw tie = oÉvw wash = nAÉvcu
s p L it = OX L !:w tint = XPwua,.L!;:w watch = <jlUAcl.yW
salute = xa~psl:6 spread = ánAwvw, Ol:PWVW toss = PLXVW water = ~PÉXw, nOl:{!:w
satiate = xopl:a{vw spread out =anAwvw, Ol:PWVW touch = aYYL!:w wear = <jlOpw
say = AÉyW speak U~A6j, AÉY('j , ..... tow = l:paSw wed = naVl:PEUW
scatter = oxopnL!:w spend = Eoosuw trample on = nal:eS well (to be •.• ) UY LaLvw
search = llJcl.xvw,ava~nl:~ s t an d = on~xoua~ transport = USLa<jlÉpw weep = xAaLcu
search for = ava!:nl:cD, ~cl.XVW 3tand opposite = aVl:~xpu!:w I travel = LaE~osuw w e t = SpÉ xw, rto r L l:u)
see = SAÉnw s t a r t = apxl.!:w, F;SX~VcD tread = nal:uS win = XEPOC L(<)
= j
seek = ava!:nl:W, yupsuw startle = Ea<jlv~a!:w treat = nsp~no~o0ua~ wish EnL&ujJ.w, &ÉAW
!:r11:w stay = xá&oua~, UÉvw tremble = l:pÉuw wonder (at) = &aujJ.ál:w
I
seize = xal:ÉXw, nbávw steal = XAÉ~W troub le avnouxw, ns~pcl.l:w work = OOUAEUW
sell = nouAw s te p on = na l:u) tumble down = nÉ<jll:w worry = avnoux6, Ol:EVOXWP~
send = Ol:ÉAVW stir = avaxal:SUw, oaAsuw turn = YUPL!:W worth (to be .•• ) = atLl:w
separate =~sxwpCl:w, xwp{!:w sti tch = pcl.SW try = OOXLUcl.!:W wound = nAnyWvW
serve = unnpSl:W stop = nauw, Ol:ajJ.al:w, Ol:Éxoua~ wrap = LUALYW
se rv i e e ( to b e in... of) = stoop = oxuSw wrestle = naAEuw
unnpSl:W stretch out = anAwvw u write = ypcl.<jlw
service (to be of ••• ) strike = Xl:unw wrong (to do ••• )
xpno~usuw strive = aywVL!:oua~ uncover !;soxsncl.!:w
set = Sál:w stroll = nspnan6 understand = xaLaAaSa{vw, aVl:~AajJ.Scl.VOua~
set out = !;sx~v~ struggle = aywvL!:oua~, naAsuw undertake = aVaAauScl.VW
sever = xwp{l:w study = o~aSa!:w, USASl:W, onouoá!;:w undo = AUVW
sew = páSw stun = !:aH !;:w unfasten = AUVW y
shape OXnjJ.aLC!:w succeed = xal:op&wvw uni te = EVWVW
shave = l;UPL!:W suffer = uno<jlÉpw, na&aLvw unmask = GsoXsncl.l:w yell <jlwvál:w
shine Acl.unW náoxw untie = AUVW
shiver = l:pÉjJ.w superior be ••• ) =unspÉxw
(to use USl:aXSLPL!:ouaL, xpno~]J.ono~~
shop = lliwvL!:w support &pÉ<jlW, Ol:nPL!;:W, use (to be of •• ) = XpnO~UEÓw
shorten = ULxpaCvw unoo rn p L !:w use (make ••• of) = USl:aXS~PL!:oua~
should (it) = npÉns~ suppose VOjJ.{!:w, uno&Él:w utilize = XpnOLuono~w
shout = (jlWVcl.!:w surpass = !;snsp.vuS, unspÉxw
show = os{xvw, napouOLcl.!:W suspec t = &a.ppÓ
shudder = .PÉuw sustain = na&aLVW, uno<jlÉpw
shun ano<jlsuyw swallow = Xal:anLVW
shut = XASLVW swim = xoAujJ.nc6 -409-
-408-
,1
,
I .