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SCH4U h9
Step 1
Question
How does temperature affect the rate of reaction between water and antacid tablets?
RATE OF REACTION LAB 2
Hypothesis
The antacid tablets with dissolve faster in hot water as increasing the temperature of a substance
provides more energy to the reactants. The reactants will have more activation energy that is
required. More energy will move the particles faster and more collisions will take place and the
rate of reaction will increase.
Step 2
Materials
100 mL measuring cup
12 antacid tablets
100 mL of 15°C cold water
100 mL of 30°C water
100 mL of 60°C water
100 mL of 100°C water
Drinking glass
Thermometer
Kettle
Stopwatch
Procedure:
1. Put 1 antacid tablet in 100 mL(measure using a measuring cup) of cold water with
temperature 15 °C (cold water). Check the temperature using a thermometer. Use a
stopwatch to record the time in which it dissolves.
2. Rinse the drinking glass with tap water.
3. Repeat step 1-2 for 2nd and 3rd trial.
4. Put 100 mL (measure using a measuring cup) of water in a kettle and let it heat up until it
reaches 30 °C.
5. Measure the temperature using a thermometer.
6. Remove it the kettle once it reaches 30 °C and pour water into the clear drinking glass.
7. Put 1 antacid tablet into the drinking glass.
8. Record the time it takes to dissolve completely using a stopwatch.
9. Rinse the drinking glass with running water.
10. Repeat the steps 5-9 for 2nd and third trial.
RATE OF REACTION LAB 3
11. Heat 100 mL of water in a kettle until it reaches 60°C . Check the temperature using
thermometer.
12. Remove the kettle and pour water into a drinking glass.
13. Put 1 antacid tablet into the water and record the time it takes to completely dissolve
using a stopwatch.
14. Rinse the drinking glass with running water.
15. Repeat steps 14-16 for 2nd and third trials.
16. Heat 100mL (measure using a measuring cup)of water in a kettle until it reaches 100°C
(boiling water). Check the temperature using a thermometer.
17. Remove the kettle and pour water into drinking glass.
18. Put 1 antacid tablet into the boiling water and record the time it takes to dissolve using a
stopwatch.
19. Rinse the glass with running water.
20. Repeat steps 20-22 for 2nd and third trials.
21. Calculate the mean between the results of the three trials for each temperature.
Observations:
During the experiment, the cold water which had temperature of 15°C was used to dissolve 1
antacid tablet. Bubbles were formed that rose to the top and water color changed from
transparent to white as the tablet dissolved. When the antacid tablet was dropped in hot water,
fizzing was observed. Bubbles formed at a faster speed and the color of water turned foggy white
while the tablet was dissolving. The color came back to normal water color once the tablet was
completely dissolved and a gas was released during the process.
Results
Data Table
Table 1:Time 1 antacid tablet took to dissolve completely at different temperature
Trial 1
Temperature 15 °C 30°C 60°C 100°C
(°C)
(°C)
Temperature Mean
15°C 60s+62s+60s/3=61s
30°C 40s+40s+40s/3=40s
60°C 15s+13s+14s/3=14s
100°C 8s+9s+8s/3=8s
Graph
RATE OF REACTION LAB 5
Discussion
Part 1: The Antacid tablets are used medicine to relieve pain and neutralize stomach acidity. The
antacid tablet is actually baking soda or sodium bicarbonate and with citric acid. When the
tablets are dissolved in water they undergo a reaction it fuzzes due to carbon dioxide produced.
For this reaction to occur, the bicarbonate ions should come in contact with hydrogen ions the
right way. The probability of this is affected by the temperature. The higher the temperature the
faster the molecules move due to more energy provided.With more energy, the particles move
faster and have more collisions which increase the odds that they will collide with the correct
orientation. The lower the temperature the slower the molecules move due to less energy present.
So, this experiment is designed to see practically how this phenomenon works. When
temperature was increased(hot)the tablet dissolved faster, when the temperature was
decreased(cold) the tablet took more time to dissolve completely.
Part 2:The reaction was to test how different temperatures affect the rate at which a substance
dissolves in water. It was observed that every time the temperature was increased the rate at
which the antacid tablet dissolved also increased. There was more fizz formed at higher water
temperatures than the lower. When the water temperature was 15°C, the time it took to dissolve
was 61s, the reason for which was that the molecules moved at a slower speed and there was
less collision of molecules. When the water temperature was increased to 30°C the tablet
dissolved in 40s which is because the increased temperature causes the molecules to collide with
one another at faster speed. The highest temperature used for this experiment was 100°Cand the
tablet dissolved fastest in this boiling water. There was a lot of fizzing and the tablet dissolved in
8s. The reason the tablet dissolved quickest at this temperature is because the high temperature
RATE OF REACTION LAB 6
provides energy to the molecules which collide with one another and solute is dissolved in less
time.
Part 3: An error might have occured during reading the time on an analog stopwatch instead of
which a digital stopwatch can be used which gives the exact values.
Conclusion:
The results of the experiment proved the hypothesis correct which stated that as the temperature
of the water is increased the rate of reaction will also increase. When the temperature was at
15°C the time it took was 61s and when the temperature was increased to 60°C the time the
tablet took to dissolved was 14s. This experiment was successful in teaching how the
temperature affects reaction rate.
References