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Pellet and Pelletization
Uploaded by Radowan Ahmad on Jul 18, 2012

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Preparation, 000055
Characterizatio…
 
and Evaluation of

Introduction

Compared to single-unit dosage forms, oral multiparticulate drug-delivery systems (e.g. pellets,
granules) offer biopharmaceutical advantages in terms of a more even and predictable distribution
and transportation in the gastrointestinal tract. There are different types of pelletization and
granulation techniques available to prepare drug loaded spherical particles or granules.
Multiparticulate dosage forms are receiving a great deal of attention as alternative system for oral
drug delivery. The present review outlines the recent findings on the manufacturing and evaluation
of spherical pellets published over the past decade. The techniques namely extrusion-
 spheronization, hot melt extrusion, freeze pelletization, cryopelletization have been discussed
along with parameters affecting pelletization. Evaluation of quality of the pellets is discussed with
reference to the size distribution, shape, surface morphology, specific surface area, friability,
tensile strength, density, porosity, disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies of pellets.

What are pellets?

 Pellets are small particles typically created by compressing an original material. They are uniform,
usually spherical forms in which the drug is administered. They are usually encapsulated as shown
and used in pharmaceuticals.

Rationale of Pelletization

Pellets are of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry for a variety of reasons and these
 products not only offers flexibility in dosage form design and development, but also utilized to
improve the safety and efficacy of bioactive agents. However, the single most important factor 

responsible for the proliferation of pelletized products is the popularity of controlled release
technology in the delivery of drugs. When the pellets containing active ingredient are administered
in-vivo in the form of suspensions, capsules, or disintegrating tablets, they offer significant
therapeutic advantages over single unit dosage forms, since pellets disperse freely in the GIT, they
invariably maximize drug absorption, reduce peak plasma fluctuations and minimize potential side
effects without appreciably lowering drug bioavailability.

Types of Pelletization:

1) Extrusion-spheronization

2) Hot melt extrusion


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3) Freeze pelletization

4) Cryopelletization
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Scribd, Inc Spheronization, marumerization, pelletization and micropelletization all mean the same
thing. The manufacture of products in small spheres (spheroids) is used in pharmaceutical and
related industries. Within each batch, the spheroids are of regular shape and size and are quite
dense.

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