SECURITY AND SURVEILLANCE OPERATIONS

CONCEPT OF SECURITY

WHAT IS SECURITY?

security is a kind of state where people, institution, authority or groups feel fully secured
of feeling, free from any threat or vulnerability from somewhere or someone in his/her life,
liberty, property or activity. It could be in physical, psychological, social or economical form.

-It is a state or quality of being secured, freedom from fear or danger, assurance,
certainty.

-It is the degree of protection against danger, loss, and criminals.

- Protection against any type of crime to safeguard life and assets by various methods
and device.

TYPES OF SECURITY MEASURES FOR AN EFFECTIVE DEFENSE AGAINST CRIMES:

1.ACTIVE MEASURES – these involve the installation of physical barriers, security lighting, use
of vaults, locks and others.

2.PASSIVE MEASURES – those that will deter man from committing such act of fear of being
caught, charge in court or get dismissed, such as: security education, programs, investigations,
seminars, personnel security check.

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SECURITY

1. Command Responsibility
-Cannot be delegated but the security tasks can be assigned.
2. Compartmentation
-Need to know basis
3. Balance between security and efficiency
-Security prevails over efficiency
4. General principles of security remain constant
-Specific measures to suit operations
5. Security is the concern of all personnel
-Regardless of rank, position, designation
Security Officer – Is any natural person who offers or renders personal service to watch or
guard residential or business premises or both, government and/or their premises for hire and
compensation.

Security Supervisor – Is charged with directing the work and observing the behavioral
performance of the guard under his unit.

ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF SECURITY GUARD

1. Alertness – being watchful in spotting violator, a person, a vehicle or an incident;
2. Judgment – sound and good judgment to arrive at wise and timely decisions;
3. Confidence – faith in oneself and his abilities;
4. Physical Fitness – always in a condition to render effective service even under the
most strenuous conditions;
5. Tactfulness – ability to deal with others successfully without offending;
6. Self Control – ability to take hold of oneself regardless of a provoking situation.

GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF A SECURITY GUARD

1. Enforce company rules and regulations;

2. Operate and enforce the personnel identification system;
3. Patrol and observe designated areas, perimeter, structures, installation;
4. Take into custody a person attempting or giving unauthorized access in restricted, limited
and controlled areas
5. Check rooms, buildings, storage rooms of security interest and after working hours,
check proper locking of doors and gates.
6. Perform escort duties when required;
7. Respond to alarm signals or other indications of suspicious activities and emergencies;
8. Safeguard equipment and material against sabotage, unauthorized access, loss, theft or
damage;
9. At quickly in situations affecting the security of installation and personnel, to fire
accidents, internal disorder, attempts to commit criminal acts;
10. Control and regulate vehicle and personnel traffic within the compound as well as
parking of vehicle;
11. Other duties that is necessary in the security guard function;

2.2. Security Principles

There are many general security principles which you should be familiar with; one
good place for general information on information security is the Information
Assurance Technical Framework (IATF) [NSA 2000]. NIST has identified high-
level “generally accepted principles and practices” [Swanson 1996]. You could also
look at a general textbook on computer security, such as [Pfleeger 1997]. NIST
Special Publication 800-27 describes a number of good engineering principles
(although, since they’re abstract, they’re insufficient for actually building secure
programs - hence this book); you can get a copy
athttp://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-27/sp800-27.pdf. A few security
principles are summarized here.

Often computer security objectives (or goals) are described in terms of three overall
objectives:

 Confidentiality (also known as secrecy), meaning that the computing system’s

assets can be read only by authorized parties.

 Integrity, meaning that the assets can only be modified or deleted by authorized
parties in authorized ways.

 Availability, meaning that the assets are accessible to the authorized parties in a
timely manner (as determined by the systems requirements). The failure to
meet this goal is called a denial of service.