Example

Suppose the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) wants to examine the safety of
Compact cars, midsize cars, and full-size cars. It collects a sample of three for each of the
Treatments (cars types). Using the hypothetical data provided below, test whether the mean
pressure applied to the driver’s head during a crash test is equal for each types of car. Use α =
5%.

Table ANOVA.1
Compact cars Midsize cars Full-size cars
643 469 484
655 427 456
702 525 402

∑ 2000 1421 1342

X 666.67 473.67 447.33
1. State the null and alternative hypothesis:
Ho:______________________________
Ha: ____________________________________________
2. Level of significance:
α = ____

3. Test to be used: the test follows the f-distribution

4. Establish the critical region: v1=k-1, v2=N-k
Where: k is the number of groups
N is the total number of observations
v1 =
v2 = F table ( __,__ ) = ________
5. Computations:
a) SSC,SSE,SST
Grand mean ( x ) = ____________________________
SST = __________________________
SSC =
SSE = SST – SSC = ___________________________

b) ANOVA table
SOURCE OF SUM OF DEGREE OF MEAN SQUARE COMPUTED F
VARIATION SQUARES FREEDOM
COLUMN
MEAN
ERROR
TOTAL

6. Decision:_________________________________
7. Conclusion :________________________________
Formula and Analyzation

Group 1 Group 2 Group 3

a d g
b e h
c f i
Number of groups (k) = 3
Number of observations in all groups (N) = 9
Number of observation in a group (n) = 3
Critical region: ftable (v1,v2) ; v1 = k – 1 ; v2 = N – k

𝒂+𝒃+𝒄+𝒅+𝒆+𝒇+𝒈+𝒉+𝒊
Grand mean ( X ) =
𝑵
SST = (a-X)2 + (b-X)2 + (c-X)2 + (d-X)2 + (e-X)2 + (f-X)2 + (g-X)2 + (h-X)2 + (i-X)2

(𝒂+𝒃+𝒄)𝟐 (𝒅+𝒆+𝒇)𝟐 (𝒈+𝒉+𝒊)𝟐 (𝒂+𝒃+𝒄+𝒃+𝒄+𝒅+𝒆+𝒇+𝒈+𝒉+𝒊)𝟐

SSC = + + -
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏 𝑵
SSE = SST-SSC

SUMMARY TABLE
SOURCE OF SUM OF DEGREE OF MEAN SQUARE COMPUTED F
VARIATION SQUARES FREEDOM
COLUMN SSC k-1 𝑆𝑆𝐶
MSC=
MEAN 𝑘−1
ERROR SSE N-k 𝑆𝑆𝐸 𝑀𝑆𝐶
MSE=
𝑁−𝑘 𝑀𝑆𝐸
TOTAL SST N-1

Reject Ho : fcomputed ≥ ftable