Solving Logarithmic and Exponential Equations Worksheet

Answer the following:

1) What is the difference between a natural logarithm and a common logarithm?
2) What is the inverse of an exponential?
3) What is the inverse of a logarithm?
4) On a study by psychologists Bornstein and Bornstein, it was found that the average walking speed s, in
feet per second, of a person living in a city of population P, in thousands, is given by the function
s = 0.05 + 0.37 ln P .The average walking speed for a person in Hartford, Connecticut is 1.85 feet per
second. How many thousand people live there?
Write each expression as a single logarithm.
5) ln 16 − ln 8 8) 4 ln x + 3 ln y
6) 3 ln 3 + ln 9 1
9) ln 9 − ln 3 + ln x
7) ln z − 3 ln x 2
Evaluate the following without a calculator.
10) ln e 1
14) log 105
12) ln e 2
11) ln e10 15) ln 1
13) 3 ⋅ ln e
Solve the following logarithmic equations.

16) 2 x = 3 31) 3 ⋅ ln (2 x ) = 12 46) 3 ⋅ e x+5 = 27

17) 5 x = 81.2 32) 252 x+1 = 144 47) 3 ⋅ e 4 x = 27
18) 3 x = 100 33) 23 x−4 = 5 48) 5 ⋅ e 2 x−3 − 4 = 16
19) − 5 + 3 x = 40 34) 4 ⋅ ln (3 x ) = 8 49) 3 ⋅ 2 x + 8 = 25
20) 9 2 x = 66 35) log 2 ( x + 20 ) = 3 50) 6 ⋅ ln x = 2
21) 3 x + 1 = 5 36) log x − log 5 = 2 51) 7 ⋅ e 5 x+8 = 21
22) 32 x + 1 = 5 37) log x − 2 ⋅ log 5 = 1 52) e x+6 − 5 = 1
23) 32 x−1 + 1 = 5 38) log 5 + log x = 2 53) 7 ⋅ ln (2 x + 5) = 8
24) log 3 ( x − 1) = 2 39) ln x − 2 ⋅ ln 5 = 4 54) ln (2 x − 1) = 4
2

25) − 3 + 4 2 x = 40 40) 3 ⋅ log(2 x + 50 ) = 6 55) 3 − 4 ⋅ ln (8 x − 1) = 12

41) log(2 x + 50 ) = 6
x+4
26) e = 10 3
56) 3 log x − log x = 2
27) 5 ⋅ e = 50 42) log(3x − 2 ) = 4
2x
57) − 2 + log 3 x − log 3 4 = 1
28) log 5 ( x + 4) = 2 43) log 2 x − log 2 4 = 3 58) e ln 3 x = 18
29) 14 x +1 = 36 44) log 2 4 + log 2 x = 3 59) log 3 2 + log 3 x − log 3 4 = 1
x −2
30) 12 = 20 45) ln (3 x − 2 ) = 4
Answer the following without a calculator in order to understand log x x a .

60) Evaluate log 5 5 .

61) Evaluate log 7 7 .

62) Evaluate log 10 .

63) Evaluate ln e .
64) Evaluate ln e 2 .
65) Evaluate ln e e .
66) Evaluate log 5 5 2 .

67) Evaluate log 5 5 5 .

68) Evaluate log 5 5100 .

69) What rule can you form about evaluating log x x a ?

Write true or false for each statement. Justify your answer.

70) log 2 4 + log 2 8 = 5

71) log 3 8 = 2

72) log 2 2 + log 2 4 = 3

73) log 3 8 = 3 ⋅ log 3 2

74) ln 4 = log 4

75) log 2 12 − log 2 3 = log 2 9