fluid slate (melting), with or without filler material or pressure. History of Welding: 5500 B.C. Egyptians recognize “forge welding” for copper and gold. 800 A.D. “Damascus Sword”- Layers of metal forge welded to high strength. 1877 A.D. Elihu Thompson, Electric resistance welding possibility recognized. 1889 A.D. P. Strohmeyer introduced the concept of coated electrodes (Shielded Arc Weld), (SMAW). 1903 A.D. Fouche & Picard