INTERLINKING OF RIVERS : AN ANALYSIS

Submitted By: Laksh panwar

Roll no. A047

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The rivers in India are truly speaking not only life-line of masses but also for wild-life. The
rivers play a vital role in the lives of the Indian people. The river systems help us in irrigation,
potable water, cheap transportation, electricity as well as a source of livelihood for our ever
increasing population. Some of the major cities of India are situated at the banks of holy rivers.
Proper management of river water is the need of the hour. Indian agriculture largely depends
upon Monsoon which is always uncertain in nature. Hence, there is a severe problem of lack of
irrigation in one region and water logging in others. Damage to crops due to drought and pitiable
drainage facility could be managed. Depleting and decreasing status of water resources may be
one of the most critical resource issues of the 21st century. The core objectives of the paper are to
study issues and challenges in interlinking of rivers in India and to study environmental impact
of Inter-River Linking Project (IRL). At the backdrop of this, the present paper is an attempt to
study issues and challenges in interlinking of rivers in India from the point of view of society at
large.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1. To analyze how animals are used for entertainment purposes and are subjected to cruelty and
what laws are there for the same.

2. To analyze how performing animals in circuses and bulls in jallikattu are subjected to cruelty
and what laws are there for the same.

3. To examine that whether there is need for animals for experimentation or not.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Prior studies have shown that non human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives
and their basic interests. It shows how it is morally wrong to use or exploit animals in any way
just for human sake. Animal rights movement has emerged from old ideas but with new
philosophies emphasizing moral and ethical standards for how human should treat animals.
It describes the movement from middle of the road. There should be improvement towards the
inhumane treatment towards the animals (Guither). These acts done towards the animals are
morally and ethically wrong as these make a very integral part of our environment. Without
these animals our ecological will get misbalanced and will lead to many other problems. The
most important philosophical question and contribution to animal rights and is a major work
in moral philosophy. It also shows how these animals have the rights to live and how they
are so important to this society and to us as they provide us with lot of stuff for our living.
They do not have a voice, we humans need to protect them and give them a voice and this is
where the concept of animal rights is rooted (Regan). Due to all these acts there is not only
moral but the political, ethical, cultural, and social aspect are also interlinked to it. How the
usage is morally incorrect but politically beneficial. It showed how the animals were
judiciously treated earlier and how they are treated nowadays. It also shows how march of
animals halted (Garner). There are many contentious issues in the world today. It presents
the latest facts, figures and arguments in order to enable children to make up their own
minds about these important questions about the animals their rights and the way they are
treated (Tripp).
Animals are exploitated by doing animal testing. These are the experiments done on the live
animals so as to understand their behavioural patterns and the biological systems of their
body. Animals are not biological similar to humans and hence the results formed are not
accurate. There are many pros and cons of animal testing and some of the alternative
methods to animal testing that scientists are developing today. It shows more than twenty-
five million animals are used in research, testing, and education each year (Watson). These
animals have to go through much pain and suffering just for this which at times are not even
successful. These animals are used for drug development, cosmetic and household product
testing, even the animals used in teaching and skill development. It tells us the ways through
which we can protect the animals from being extinct (Koduri). Just because of these so
much cruelty is been shown on animals that these are dying in increasing rate day by day.
Conventional approaches to animals are advocating their rational behaviour. It also shows
how tremendous injustice currently imposed on animals and the vulnerability of the species.
The number of the nonhuman animal exploited and killed per year grows on increasing
every year. How the interests of other animals are relegated for the human interests (Merz
 Parez). But it’s quite high time these cruelties must stop. This shows how to change for the
bitter to think for a cause and take the actions for the same. It shows how the steps that can
be taken so as to stop the cruelty being practised towards these animals and to be with them
full of respect (Lucas Donald). There must be line drawn to what extent must these things be
done. Animals are being used for the purpose of experimentation from a very long period of
time. In earlier time, there we no specific laws which were present for the protection of
animals. There is a misconception which is present in the society that the animals used in the
experiments are protected through the presence of ethics committees, the prevention of
cruelty to animals act. People think that only rats and mice are used for the purpose of
experimentation. It has a nice story style of explaining the things (Laufer). This shows how
from animal testing to vegetarianism, and hunting to preservation of fish stocks, it's a topic
that's always in the news. Testing on animals are not used to show that the drugs are safe and
effective on human beings, rather the testing on animals are done to decide whether a
particular type of drug should be tested on human beings or not (Rowlands). Sometimes
there are things which are explained by personification element has been used and the
animals have been given voices and they explain their grief due to the treatment humans do
on them. This also shows how brutally these animals are used for their own use and to fulfil
their own needs (Torres).

CHAPTERISATION
 Chapter I: Introduction
 Chapter II: Research Methodology
 Chapter III: Statement of Problem
 Chapter IV: Analysis of Objective 1
 Chapter V: Analysis of Objective 2
 Chapter VI: Analysis of Objective 3
 Chapter VII: Suggestions
 Chapter IX: Conclusions
 Chapter X: Bibliography