TWI TRAINING & CERTIFICA TION

Ultrasonic Inspection Coursework 3

1. The time required to perform one complete cycle is called the:

,..,1!!(' Period
B. Frequency
C. Wavelength
D. Velocity

2. Ultrasonic vibrations are generally defined as having a frequency above:

A. / 5,000 cps

20,000 cps
C. 100,000 cps
D. 1,000,000 cps

3. Wavelength is defined as:

The distance a wave travels to the back surface of the specimen

The distance a wave form advanced while a particle makes on complete vibration or orbit
C. The number of cycles produced per second .
D. The time required for a wave to reach a certain point in the specimen

4. A definite relationship exists among the three factors; velocity, frequency and
wavelength. This relationship is expressed by the formula.

A. F=AxV
B. V = AI F
vR:" F = VIA
D. A =V- F

5. Acoustic impedance is defined as

/'
/. The product of material density and wave velocity
B. The ratio of material density to wave velocity
C. The ratio of wave velocity to sound density
D. The product of wave velocity and frequency

6. The purpose of a couplant is to:

A. Filter undesirable reflections from the specimen

B. Tune transducer to the correct operating frequency

Reduce attenuation within the specimen
Transmit ultrasonic waves from the transducer to the specimen.

7. A couplant can be:

A. Water
B. Oil

Y
A plastic material
All of these

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8. The formula expressing the angle of refraction of a sound beam passing from one material to
another is:

A. Sin a = Velocity a
Sin b Velocity b

B. Sin a x Velocity b = Velocity a

Sin b

c. Sin a x Velocity a = Velocity b

Sin b
/'
, .;rI' Both A and B are correct

9. The angle of reflection of an ultrasonic beam is:

A. Equal to the angle of incidence

B. Approximately four times the angle of incidence
C. Approximately half the angle of the incidence
D. Equal to the angle of refraction

10. Longitudinal (compression) waves produce vibrations which are:

IA.' In the same direction as the motion of the sound

"'''"B. Perpendicular to the motion of the sound
C. Elliptical
D. Symmetrical

11. Shepf'or transverse waves are described as having:

Particle motion normal (90) to direction of propagation and a velocity

approximately half that of longitudinal waves
B. Exceptionally high sensitivity due to low attenuation resulting from longer
wavelengths when propagating through water.
C. A velocity approximately twice that of surface waves in the direction of
propagation
D. Particle motion perpendicular (90) to the direction of propagation and no
attenuation in water.

12. Ultrasonic waves transmitted in fluids such as water are usually:

A. Lamb waves
B. Rayleigh waves
C. Shear waves
y. Longitudinal waves

13. When the angle of incidence for a longitudinal wave exceeds the critical angle:

C.
Longitudinal wave mode will be at its maximum amplitude in the specimen
Longitudinal wave mode will be totally reflected
Shear wave mode will be totally reflected
D. Longitudinal wave mode only will be transmitted into the specimen.

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14. The amount of beam divergence from a quartz crystal is primarily dependent on:

A. Type of test
B. Tightness of crystal backing in the search unit
Frequency and crystal size
D. Pulse length

15. The perspex insert in the IIW calibration block is equivalent to what thickness of steel:

A. 100mm
50mm
C. 25mm
D. 23mm

16. Transducers used in the majority of ultrasonic inspections exibit which effect:

A. Magnetostrictive
;,.p-ff Piezoelectric
C. Electromechanical
D. Thermomagnetic

17. The zone in an ultrasonic beam where fluctuations in sound intensity exist is referred to as :

Dead zone
C. Near field
Far field
D. Beam axis

18. If frequency is increased wavelength will :

A., Increase
,/8: Decrease
C. Remain the same but velocity increases
D. Remain the same but velocity decreases

19. The principle of ultrasonic resonance is commonly used for:

A. Locating large discontinuities

B. Locating porosity
Measuring wall thickness
D. None of the above

20. The primary purpose of reference blocks is:

A. To aid the operator in obtaining maximum back reflection

To obtain the greatest sensitivity possible from an instrument
To obtain a common reproducible reference standard
D. None of the above

21. The piezo-electric material in the probe:

A. Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy

2 D.
Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
Both A. and B.
Neither A. nor B.

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"

22. The gradual loss of energy as ultrasonic vibrations travel through a material is referred to as:

A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Reproducibility
ftc Attenuation

23. A general term applied to all cracks, inclusions, blow holes etc which cause a
reflection of ultrasonic energy is:

A:,.' A dispenser
.".8". A discontinuity
C. An aUenuator
D. A refractor

24. In what type of ultrasonic inspection are waves transmitted into the test material in the form of
repetitive shock vibrations:

L Pulse-echo testing
B. testing
C. Resonance testing
D. None of the above

25. The angle formed by an ultrasonic wave as it enters a medium of different characteristics than the
one from which it came and a line drawn perpendicular to the interface between the two media is
called: "

yr.
C.
The
The
The
angle
angle
angle
of incidence
of refraction
of rarefaction l
('

D. The angle of reflecflon \'( t

_
\
....._ _ _ <,

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