Chapter 4 LIVELOADS 4.1 DEFINITIONS BALCONY (EXTERIOR): An exterior floor projecting from and supported by a structure without additional independent sup- ports DECK; An exterior floor supported on at least two opposing sides by an adjacent structure and/or posts, piers, or other inde= pendent supports FIXED LADDER: A ladder that is permanently attached to & structure, building, or equipment GRAB BARSYSTEM: A bar provided support body weight in locations such as toilets, showers, and tub enclosure. GUARDRAIL SYST system of building components, neat open sides of an elevated surface forthe purpose of minimiz= ing the possibility of a fall from the elevated surface by people, equipment, or material, HANDRAIL: A rail grasped by hand for guidance and sup- port, A handrail assembly includes the handrail, supporting at- tachments, and structures LIVE LOAD: A los! produced by the use and oceupaney of the building or other structure that does not include construction ‘or environmental loa, such as wind load, snow load, ruin load, earthquake load, flood load, or dead load ROOF LIVE LOAD: A load! on a root produced (1) during maintenance by workers, equipment, and materialsand 2) during the lie of the sucture by mavable objects, such a planters oF ‘other similar small decorative appurtenances that are not occu pancy related VEHICLE BARRIER SYSTEM: A system of building eon ponents near open sides of a garage Noor or ramp. or building Walls that act as restrain for vehicles, 4.2. UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOADS 42.1 Required Live Loads. The live loads used inthe design ‘of buildings and other stractures shall be the maximum loss ‘expected by the intended use or occupancy, bu shall in no case be Jess than the minimum uniformly distributed unit loads cequired by Table 4 42.2 Provision for Partitions. In office buildings or other build- ings where partitions will he erected or rearranged, provision for partition weight shall ke mace. whether or nat partitions are shown ‘onthe plans, Partition load shall not be less than 15 psf. EXCEPTION: A paciton lv lou isnt required whet the minum ‘pest ive load exes 80 pat (3 83 KN), 4.3 CONCENTRATED LOADS Floors, roof, and other similar surfaces shall be designed to support safely the uniformly distributed live loads prescribed in Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures Section 4.2 oF the concentrated load, in pounds or kilonewtons (KN), given in Table 4-1, whichever produces the greater load effects. Unless otherwise specified, the indicated concentration shall be assumed to be uniformly distributed over an area 2 (762 mm) square [6.25 f€ (0.58 m?)] and shall be located $0 as to produce the maximum load effects inthe structural members 4.4 LOADS ON HANDRAILS, GUARDRAIL SYSTEMS, GRAB BAR SYSTEMS, VEHICLE BARRIER SYSTEMS, AND FIXED LADDERS 44.1 Loads on Handrails and Guardrail Systems. All handrail assemblies and guardrail systems shall be designed to resist a single concentrated load of 200 Ib (0.89 KN) applied in ‘any direction at any point along the top and to transfer this load through the supports to the stracture Further, all handrail assemblies and guardrail systoms shall be designed to resist a load of 50 Il/t (pound-force per linear foot) (0.73 kN/m) applied in any direction at the top and to transfer this load through the supports to the structure. This lod need not be assumed to act concurrently with the load specified inthe preceding paragraph, and this load need not be considered for the following occupancies: 1. One- and two-family dwellings 2, Factory, industria, andl storage occupancies, in areas that are not accessible to the public and that serve an occupant Joad not greater than $0, Intermediate rails all those excopt the handrail), balusters, and panel fillers shall be designed to withstand a horizontally applied normal [oad of 50 Ib (0.22KN) on an area not to exceed | fesquare (30S mm square) including openings and space between cul Reactions due to this loading ae not required tobe superimposed with those of either preceding paragraph, 442 Loads on Grab Bar Systems. Grab bar systems shall be designed to resist a single concentrated load of 250 Ib (1.11 KN) ‘applied in any direction at any point 443 Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems, Vehicle barter sys- tems for passenger cas shall be designed to resist a single load of 6,000 Ib (26.70 kN) applied horizontally in any direction to the hurrier system, and shall have anchorages or attachments capable of transferring this load to the structure, For design of the system, the load shall be assumed to act at minimum height of 11.6 in (460mm) above the tloor or ramp surtace on an atea not to exceed foot square (305 mm square), and is not required to be assumed, to act concurrently with any handrail or guardrail loadings speci- fied in Section 4.4.1. Garages accommodating trucks and buses shall he designed in accordance with an approved method, which {contains provision for tale railings 44.4 Loads on Fixed Ladders. The minimum design live load fon fixed ladders with rungs shall be a single concentrated load