influence of roughness of the surface against corrosion metal

Terner alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb as biomaterial in aqueous beverages

isotonik drink
Febriyanto Wijaya Pangestu 1 and Djoko Hadi Prajitno .2
Metallurgical Engineering, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Terusan Jenderal Gatot Subroto Street ,
KotaBandung 40285
PSTNT-BATAN, Tamansari Street No. 71, Lb.Siliwangi, , Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132
Febriyantowijayap@gmail.com
dhppr@yahoo.co.id

Abstract

a research has been done to the influence of surface roughness against corrosion metal
Ternary alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb biomaterial materials in aqueous beverages isontonik.Alloy alloy Ti-
6Al-7Nb alloy is a metallic biomaterial developed for hard tissue.Before to testing the terner
metal alloys Ti-6Al-7Nb are characterized by optical microscopy.Before to testing the corrosion
of metal alloy sanded with different roughness.Corrosion testing alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb Tafel
polarization method is done by three electrode system using potensiost/galvanostat soaking time
with variations.From the results of characterized with optical microscope shows bring strukur
micro happens on metal is equaxed.
The results of testing corrosion on alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb in drinking isotonic indicates that
the rise in surface roughness on metal alloys will increase the rate of korosinya.The length of
time immersion corrosion alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb will lower the rate of corrosion of metal alloys
because of the formation of the passive layer on the surface of the metal.Keyword: bio materials,
metal alloys, Ti-6Al-7Nb, corrosion, isotonic
 Niobium beta phase.Aluminium in the alloy
I. INTRODUCTION acts as a phase by forming intermetalik
Implants is a term used for metal that is reinforce TiAl3 that serves to increase the
implanted into the body to cope with strength and hardness of the alloy, while
damaged or broken bones.This metal used Niobium acted as beta phase stabilizers that
must have certain properties that can support can increase is able to form alloy (N Mitsuo,
when used as implants into the body.This 1998).Phase intermetalik HCP crystal
trait is called the biocompatibility of metal structure Has TiAl3, while structured beta
implants. This means that the metal is phase of BCC (Matthew J.D. Jr., 2000).
diimplankan into the body does not suffer a II.METHODS
reaction of rejection, so when this material 2.1. materials
is inserted into the bone, then the entity is the materials used for this research was an
not regarded as foreign material.. The alloy of Titanium, Aluminium and Niobium
implants used is implants largely import- are retrieved from PSTNT BATAN
based SS316 L because SS316L has quite a island.Alloy cylinder-shaped with a diameter
good corrosion resistance.However some of 1, 4 cm thick and 1, 5 cm. Chemical
cases bone implants using SS316L cause composition of the alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb as
infection of the tissues of the body due to shown in table 2.1 below.
the occurrence of corrosion on materials in a Table 2.1 chemical composition of Ti-6Al-
few years after doing the process of 7Nb (wt%)
implants.Due to the use of the SS 316 L Berat Kandungan Unsur
often lead to problems after the installation Ti ( gram ) Al ( gram ) Nb ( gram )
of implants performed an engineering Balance 6.2 7.4
material by using Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy Ti-6Al- Heavy Element content of Ti (g) Al
7Nb alloy titanium is a type of alpha beta, it (g) Nb (g) Balance 6.2 7.4 preparation of
is influenced by the aluminium which is a surface alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb corrosion testing
phase stabilizer and stabilizer which is a done before
sanded with different mesh i.e. for specimen Table 3.1 Composition of the solution
1 done process sandpaper 340 Mesh and Element/compound Isotonik
specimen 2 done 1000 sandpaper process Unsur/senyawa Jumlah
Na+ 21 mEq/L
Mesh.2.2. Testing Corrosion corrosion
K+ 5 mEq/L
Testing is done using System 3 electrode i.e. Ca2+ 1 mEq/L
Ti-6Al-7Nb as working electrode, electrode Mg2+ 0,5 mEq/L
Cl- 16 mEq/L
standard Ag/AgCl electrode as a platinum Sitrat 3- 10 mEq/L
wire and AIDS.Equipment for testing Laktat 1 mEq/L
corrosion PCI4, with 105 DC software
product Gamry [11].Corrosion potential
measurement is performed after the samples
soaked 10.70 and 120 minutes. Polarization
Tafel mempolarisasi electrode work done by
SS Ti-6Al-7Nb from cathodic to anodic
amounting to 600 v with a scan rate of 5
mVS-1 Observation of surface morphology
characterization of 2.3 specimens after
Figure 3.1 Testing pH using pH meters
diamplas with different mesh.The
2.Microstructure
morphology of the surface of the specimen
observation of microstructure of the alloy
also examined after testing the corrosion by
Ti-6Al-7Nb in Figure 3.2 shows the
using optical microscopy Olympus BX60M
microstructure of the alloy Ti-6Al-7Nb,
Microscope with magnification of 5 x and
looks to have two phases consisting of α and
microstructure is obtained with a
β.The α phase has a bright color, and
magnification of 10 x
between lamellar-shaped structure is
III. DISCUSSION
lamellar thin dark area which is the β
1. Testing pH
phase.In the prior β grain formed a colony of
on testing pH, aims to find out the values of
α and β, α contains lamellar orientation with
pH and the pH of the solution Isotonic
crystallography.The overall shape of the
gained 3.76 which has a fairly concentrated
structure of as-cast is fully lamellar
acid properties and can cause corrosion on
consisting of β grain boundaries prior and
metal.
lamellar α
 Beta A 1.619 V / 1,250 V / 1.013 V /
decade decade decade
Beta C 1,578 V / 1,028 V / 892.2e-3
decade decade V/
decade
α Icorr 62.70 nA 56.20 nA 53.90 nA
Ecorr -11.00 -69.00 -67.50
mV mV mV
𝛼 27.83e-3 24.92e-3 23.92e-3
Corossion
β Rate mpy mpy mpy

Figure 3.2 Micro Structure of Ti-6Al-7Nb 𝛽

Figure 3.4 Tafel corrosion curve of Ti-6Al-

7Nb 340 Mesh (a) 15 minutes immersion, (b)
b a 75 minutes immersion, (c) 135 minutes
immersion
Figure 3.3 Surface of the specimen after
Tabel 3.3.2 Corrosion Test Result of
sanding and 5x magnification
1000 mesh
(a) 320 Mesh (b) 1000 Mesh
This result is almost the same as the Time Parameters
15 75 135
Ti-6Al-4V microstructure based
minutes minutes minutes
on ASM metals handbook vol . 9 [30] . In Figure Beta A 251.9e-3 257.0e-3 307.2e-3
3.3, the results of micro examination on V/ V/ V/
decade decade decade
the surface of the specimen 320 mesh with Beta C 248.5e-3 227.0e-3 245.9e-3
1000 mesh are shown from the lines formed V/ V/ V/
decade decade decade
by sandpaper
Icorr 50.70 nA 33.00 nA
36.40 nA
3. Corrosion Testing Ecorr -367.0 -183.0 -159.0
mV mV mV
Corrosion testing for Ti-6Al -7Nb Corossion 22.51 -3 16.16e-3 14.63e-3
samples using a potentiostat with Pt counter Rate mpy mpy mpy
electrode , and Ag-AgCl reference
electrode in the Isotonic Solution
environment. The data produced by corrosion
testing can be seen below:
Table 3.3.1 350 Mesh corrosion test results

Time Parameters
15 75 135
minutes minutes minutes
 Figure 3.5 Tafel corrosion curve of Ti-6Al-
7Nb 1000 Mesh (a) immersion 15 minutes, (b)
immersion 75 minutes, (c) immersion 135 minutes
At the Curve it is known that Ti-6Al-
7Nb at 350 Mesh roughness when
soaked with Isotonic Solution for 15 minutes,
75 minutes and 135 minutes each have: Icorr
of 62.70 𝜇 A, 56.20 𝜇 A and 53, 90 μA, Ecorr
-11,00mV, -69.00 and -67.50 mV mV and
corrosion rate mpy 23.92e 3, 24.92e-3 mpy
and 27.83e 3 mpy While in 1000
mesh mesh roughness when soaked with
isotonic solution for 15 minutes, 75 minutes
and 135 minutes respectively-ma sing has
Icorr of 50.70 μ A, 36.40 and 33.00 μ A μ A,
Ecorr mV -367.0, -183.0 mV and - 159, 0 mV
and corrosion rate 14.63e-3 mpy, 16.16e-3
mpy and 22.51-3 mpy
The test data shows that changes based
on the effect of increasingly rough surface
roughness , the higher the corrosion
rate and the longer the immersion time in the
corrosion rate of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloyin Isotonic
solution media, the corrosion rate decreases
and makes it more resistant to
corrosion. Once plotted in the pourbaix
diagram it will be in the passivation area
where they will form a very thin layer of
passivation and inhibit even stop the ongoing
corrosion rate.
4. Surface Morphology
For the results of surface morphology, it
is known that specimens before and after
corrosion testing have different surface
morphologies. After corrosion testing, there is
a yellowish color on the specimen caused by
the formation of a layer / surface which
causes the inhibition to even stop the
corrosion rate
a b
Figure 3.6 Morphology of the specimen surface (a)
Before corrosion testing (b) After corrosion testing
IV.CONCLUSION
1. In a safety micro structure of Ti-6Al-
7NB obtained α and β phase
2. Surface roughness can affect the
corrosion rate, the finer the
surface , the lower the corrosion rate
and the more rough the surface the
corrosion rate will increase.
3. The effect of 15 minutes, 75 minutes
and 135 minutes is obtained if the
longer the immersion process , the
slower the corrosion rate will occur
4. Corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-7Nb
alloy as biomaterial is an isotonic
solution with good resistance obtained
if on Surface roughness 1000 Mesh
and 135 Minutes Corrosion testing has
good corrosion resistance.
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