TOPIC 1- PROMOTION OF LIFE SKILLS

Meaning of life skills;

Life skill is the ability of an individual to apply his/her mental and physical power to control the
environment/daily life.

THE RATIONALE OF STUDYING LIFE SKILLS

i. The knowledge/skills that one must acquire to cope with the sounding environment.
ii. It helps the individual to regulate self worth, confidence, and good relationship with
other people.
iii. It prepares one to be a good leader.
iv. It help one to solve problems occur to his/her society even in family level.

GOOD LEADERSHIP
Leadership- Is a way of encouraging and helping other to work towards objectives OR
Is a process which enables a person or group of people to influence others to engage willingly
with matters that are beneficial to them.

TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
i. Democratic leadership
ii. Non democratic leadership
A leader- Is person who guides or directs others in group, an institution, a company, a village or
a country.
Democratic Leadership – Is a kind of leadership obtained through democratic process.
Non democratic leadership – is a kind of leadership obtained by force or coup detats (Military
revolutions).

ADVANTAGES OF DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

i. It helps on making and discussing by-laws in the villages and words.
ii. It helps representatives for example, Members of parliament together information
from constituencies so that they can present them before the National Assembly.
iii. Helps the people to provide their opinion to the government.
iv. It provides quick and immediate answer to people.
v. Every person has a chance to express one’s feelings and views about a particular
programme.

DISADVANTAGES OF DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

i. It uses in areas with low population. This is because people cannot assemble together
in a small area.
ii. In democratic leadership it is not easy to reach conclusion about a matter on
discussion.
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 iii. There is possibility of an outbreak of conflict and misunderstanding.
iv. It is wastage of time to most people because the meeting will make people postpone
their activities in various areas of work.
v. Not all people attend and participate fully on matters being discussed.
vi. There are some people who are not able to express themselves before the mass.

DICTATORIAL LEADERSHIP
Is a king of leadership obtained by force for instance though coup detat (Military Revolution).
Dictatorial leadership can violate democratic principles by going against constitutional rules and
state laws.
Examples of who applied dictatorial are
i. Idd Amin of Uganda
ii. Adolf Hitler of Germany
iii. Berito Mussolini of Fascist Italy.
Different democratic leadership and non democratic leadership
Leaders inters into power through democratic Leaders inters into power through by force
process.
Citizens have freedom of opinion, worship, Citizens have no freedom of opinion, worship,
speech, association with fellow citizen that speech, association with fellow citizen that
they uphold the constitution and abide by the they uphold the constitution and abide by the
law of the land. law of the land.
Existences of rule of law are ruled according to Leaders violate rule of law. Most of them rule
available and acceptable laws. through personal ambitions.
The authority and powers of the state are Most of power is vested in a single organ the
divided into three branches of government that executive.
is executive, legislature and Judiciary.

IMPORTANCE OF GOOD LEADERSHIP

i. Encourage a community to build trust on their leader. People with develop positive
altitude and hopes to their leaders. Therefore, cooperation between people and leader
will be high.

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 ii. It reduce conflict in the community with good leadership neither the people nor the
leader shall not involved in conflicts because they can solve their problems through
democratic ways based on decision making procedures.
iii. It helps to maintain peace and harmony in community.
iv. It promote community participate in development activities through boosting up
source of development through wise use of available resources.
v. Enhances people confidence especially when leaders are transparence and
accountability to their decision.
vi. It promotes their national development economically, socially, politically and
culturally.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD LEADER
i. A good leader is a non-corrupt person.
ii. Transparent and respectful to public services.
iii. One who respect other opinion and has a convincing power to lead and is able to
struggle for accomplishment of the set goals.
iv. A follower of code of conduct (ethics).
v. A honest person with good behaviour.
vi. A person who encourage mass participation.
vii. Non- selfish person.
viii. Non emotional and ready for discussion with his/her followers.
ix. Have self-worth.

FACTORS THAT MAKES GOOD LEADERSHIP

Communication – good communication skills needed because it helps a leader to
share/exchange ideas or feelings and thought to those that work for his/her in order to have
different ideas attaining.
Education- a leader must learn about his/her position. Through reading different books helps
leaders to see how they do thing. Even to search information on leadership to acquire better
skills.
Team work – this is a situation of working together in a particular activity. In this a leader is not a
teacher of others but he/she is a party of the team.

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Positive relationship – is a state of having meaningful, loving, supportive, cooperative
relationship between two or more people or group in economically, politically, culturally and
socially. Therefore, a leader must work together in order to build positive relationship.
Self worth – is a feeling of confidence in yourself that you’re a good and useful person.
Self confidence – is a belief in your own ability to do things and be successfully. The leader with
high confidence cannot fear of doing things in ruling people.

COMMUNICATION
Is the act of sharing or exchanging information or ideas or feelings. A basic interpersonal
communication models.
i. Message – this is information to be sent.
ii. Source – this is the sender of the message.
iii. Channel – this is a way or medium through which the message is transmitted.
iv. Receiver – this is the one who receive the message sent.
v. Feedback – this is a response to the message sent/transmitted.

ROLES OF COMMUNICATION IN LEADERSHIP

i. It helps to control the behaviour. Communication helps to control the behaviour of those
who are communicating in a number of ways. For example, through communication
those teachers and other staff members are informed about various activities of their job.
ii. Communication helps to motivate; communication helps to motivate teachers, students
and other workers in an education organisation such as school/college.
iii. Communication facilitates decision making; it provides leaders and other with the
information which they require for making appropriate decision.
iv. It provides are release for the emotional expression of feelings and for fulfillment of
social needs.
TEAM WORK
Is a situation of working well together in a particular activity.
Factors of Teamwork
i. Building trust across cultural bounds.
ii. Harnessing the power of diversity.

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 iii. Team against group.
iv. Cross functional team.

IMPORTANCE OF TEAMWORK
i. Enable people on group to perform work more efficiently than single handed job.
ii. Stimulate cooperation and positive relation between people in a given society.
iii. Enable individual to gain more knowledge and skills from other people in group.
iv. Facilitate the accomplishment of any task under any given environment.
v. Develops positive altitudes on importance of work and activities, the awareness of
accountability and responsibility to an individual.

POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP
Relationship – is a way in which two people, group or countries feel or behave to work together
each other.

Positive relationship – is a state of having meaningfully, loving, supportive and cooperative

between two or more people or group.

IMPORTANCE OF POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP

i. It enhances cooperation among people in a given community, trust, worthiness that
may develop due to good relationship.
ii. It creates peaceful environment among people in a given community because no
crimes will be committed by committed by individuals.
iii. Will create united; community of people who share resources and ideas for the benefit
of all members of the society.
iv. It builds united hand in fighting common enemies in community such as poverty,
ignorance and disease.
v. It ensures love, happiness on how to make right decision in relationship being more
authentic and communicating better, enjoying greater confidence.

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SELF WORTH
Refers to a feeling of confidence in yourself that your good and useful person.
Importance of self worth and self confidence
i. It enables youth and any individual to protect their life by not engaging in dangerous
activities and use dangerous substance like drugs also beverages.
ii. It gives awareness to individuals on dangerous diseases like HIV/AIDS by knowing
their effects and causal factors these skills are very important today due to an increase
of HIV infection and drug abuse in order to care protective measure so as to proctect
their use.
iii. It enables individuals to work hard, value work and enjoy their achievements through
their efforts and endeavour.
iv. It stimulates hard working to youth especially students in schools hence high
performance to students.
v. Confidence skills enable individuals to defence and struggle for their rights.
vi. Confidence skills give power and ability to individuals on how to decide correctly
and how to defend their correct decision.
vii. Confidence gives power to an individual’s to criticize un-necessary behaviour that
affect an individual or society t large.
viii. It helps individuals doing what you believe to be right decision in different matters
like socially, politically, economically and culturally issues.