TECHNICAL

MANUAL

OF

WINDOW AC TEST RIG

 INDEX

SL CHAPTER PAGE NO
1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
4 G A DRAWING
5 OPERATING PROCEDURE
6 OBSERVATION TABLE
7 STANDARD VALUES & FORMULAE
8 CALCULATIONS
9 RESULTS
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:

The Window AC test rig is designed and manufactured such that the students can
understand construction and working of a window type air conditioner and conduct the
trial on it to evaluate performance of the same.

The window AC is fixed in a rigid angle frame, with its cover cut half open to reveal
the internal parts of the AC. The required pressure and temperature tapings are drawn
for measurement of pressures and temperatures at salient points. Energymeter is
provided for recording compressor energy consumption. A sling psychrometer is provided
for measurement of inlet and outlet Dry-bulb & wet bulb temperature. With the help of an
inclined tube manometer, velocity of air and consequently the flow rate of air can be
determined.

Following experiments can be conducted on the test rig.

1. To calculate.

a) Actual C. O. P

b) Theoretical C. O. P of the cycle.

2. To determine Tonnage capacity of the Window type Air Conditioner.

3. To plot operating cycle on P-H chart.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION:

The Air Conditioning Trainer works on Vapour compression Refrigeration cycle using

R 22 (HCFC-22) as a refrigerant.

The Trainer is having a hermetically sealed compressor, which sucks cold refrigerant

vapour from the evaporator. The vapour is compressed to higher pressure and

consequently to higher temperature in the compressor. The high pressure and high

temperature refrigerant then enters the condenser, where its latent heat is removed by

rejecting the heat to the air passing over the forced convection condenser. The liquefied

refrigerant passes through drier( where any residual moisture is absorbed) and through

rotameter ( where flow is measured) and enters the expansion device. In the expansion

device, ( either a capillary tube or expansion valve) the refrigerant is throttled to a lower

pressure and as a result, the temperature of the refrigerant also reduced. This low

temperature wet vapour flows through the evaporator, which is a forced convection air

cooled evaporator. Here, the refrigerant picks up heat from air passing over it and gains

heat; it evaporates and enters the compressor. This cycle repeats.

For measurement of pressures dial type pressure gauges are fitted and to record

temperatures digital temperature scanner is incorporated.

 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF THE WINDOW AC TEST RIG

 NOMINAL CAPACITY : 3500 WATTS AT RATED TEST

: CONDITIONS

 MAKE : VOLTAS
:
 COMPRESSOR : HERMETICALLY SEALED
:
 CONDENSER : FORCED CONVECTION AIR COOLED
:
 EVAPORATOR : FORCED CONVECTION AIR COOLED
:
 EXPANSION DEVICE : CAPILLARY TUBE
:
 THERMOSTAT : ON PANEL
:
 ENERGY METER : FOR COMPRESSOR PROVIDED
:
 PRESSURE GAUGES : 1 NO FOR SUCTION PRESSURE
: 1 NO FOR DISCHARGE PRESSURE

 TEMPERATURE  : DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATOR

INDICATOR :
 DRY BULB  : BY SLING PSYCHROMETER
TEMPERATURE AND WET :
BULB TEMPERATURE
MEASUREMENT
 AIR FLOW  : BY INCLINED TUBE MANOMETER
MEASUREMENT :
 TRIAL ON WINDOW A. C. TEST RIG

OPERATING PROCEDURE:

1) Connect the supply cable to regulated / stabilized power supply.

2) Switch ON the main switch.

3) Put ON the AC .

4) Let the AC run at least for 10 minutes before taking first set of readings.

5) Record the DBT & WBT at the inlet and at the outlet of the air passage.

6) Record the Energy meter reading.

7) Record suction and discharge pressures.

8) Record refrigerant temperatures at various locations viz: before &after

compression and before & after expansion.

 STANDARD VALUES AND FORMULAE

 Standard Barometric Pressure = 1.013 bar = 1.013 x 10 5 N /m 2

 Density of Water = 1000 kg / m 3 = 1 kg / liter
 Specific heat of water = 4.18 kJ/kg K
 Gas Constant for Air = 287 kg / kJ K
 Specific Gravity of R-22 at 40 0 C = 1.2
 1 Ton of Refrigeration effect = 3500 Watts = 3.5 kJ / s
 Density of Air at 25 0 C = 1.2 kg/m 3
 1 kWHr (kilowatthour) = 3600 kJ
 Specific gravity of fluid used in = 0.8

inclined tube manometer

CALCULATIONS:

TO CALCULATE C.O.P.
we have
C.O.P. = REFRIGERATION EFFECT/ WORK INPUT
N /W

NOW, N = COOLING EFFECT

= ENTHALPY DIFFERENCE OF AIR AT INLET
AND OUTLET.
TO CALCULATE ENTHALPY AT INLET =
WE HAVE H 1 Enthalpy of air at inlet condition
= Enthalpy of air corresponding to its wet
bulb temperature

Similarly, enthalpy of air at outlet

condition
= kJ/kG

ENTHALPY DIFFERENCE = H1 – H 2 KJ/kg

=
= kJ/kg
REFRIGERATION EFFECT = m (H 2 - H 1 ) kJ / s
WHERE m = MASS FLOW RATE OF AIR WHICH CAN
BE COMPUTED WITH THE HELP OF
INCLINED TUBE MANOMETER

To find out work input to the

system, we have
Enrgymeter reading difference = Final reading – initial reading

= = unit = 1 kWhr = 3600 kJ

Time elapsed = seconds

Work input per unit time (input = kW
power)

Actual C.O.P. = Refrigeration effect / Work input

=

THEORETICAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM

To evaluate theoretical C.O.P. of the system, carry out following procedure.

1. For any set of readings at a particular time, note suction and discharge

pressures in psig.
 2. Divide these pressures by 14.5 to convert them into bar.

3. Add barometric pressure of the present location to obtain absolute pressures

in bar.

4. Locate these pressures on “Y” axis of P-H chart. Draw two horizontal lines,

one for low pressure and one for high pressure.

5. Locate particular temperatures on these lines and mark 1,2,3,4.

6. Find out enthalpies at salient points by referring to “X’’ axis of P-H chart.

H1=

H2=

H3=

H4=

7. N= REFRIGERATION EFFECT= H1-H4 = KJ/kg

8. W= COMPRESSOR WORK = H2-H1 = KJ/Kg

9. THEORETICAL C.O.P. =N / W

= (H1-H4) / (H2-H1)

RESULTS:

 THE CAPACITY OF THE AIR : KW

CONDITIONER

TON
 THE ACTUAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM :
 THE THEORETICAL C.O.P.OF THE :

SYSTEM
 SL
HRS
TIME
0
C
TEMP.
INLET AIR
0
C
OUTLET
AIR TEMP.

DBT WBT DBT WBT

PSIGSUCTION PRESSURE ( LP)
TRIAL ON WINDOW AIR-CONDITIONING TEST RIG

PSIGDISCHARGE PRESSURE (HP)

COMPRESSIONAFTER

CONDENSATIONAFTER
0
C
R-22

AFTER EXPANSION
OBSERVATION TABLE

REFRIGERANT

AFTER EVAPORATION
TEMPERATURES

ENERGY METER KWHR

MANOMETER READING mm of WG

SECTIONAL AREA OF AIR OUTLET SECTION

Date:

VOLTAGE: VOLTS

CURRENT : AMPS