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Geology , Geochemistry and Geophysics of Guci Geothermal Prospect Area,

Central Java.

Conference Paper · April 2018

DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201800403

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Eddy Gaffar Gaffar H. Permana

Resear Center for Geotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences Indonesian Institute of Sciences
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Yayat Sudrajat Hendra Bakti

Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Research Center For Geotechnology, Bandung In… Indonesian Institute of Sciences
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S704
Geology , Geochemistry and Geophysics of Guci
Geothermal Prospect Area, Central Java.
E. Gaffar* (Research Center for Geotechnology Indonesian Institute of Sciences), H.
Permana (Research Center for Geotechnology), Y. Sudrajat (Research Center for
Geotechnology), S. Indarto (Research Center for Geotechnology), H. Bakti (Research
Center for Geotechnology), H. Nurohman (Research Center for Geotechnology)

Summary
Geothermal exploration have conducted in the Guci area. The methods were geology, geochemistry, geophysics
and Radon. The Slamet Mountain Complex activity is controlled by the straight-line structure of the northwest -
southeast, southwest - northeast direction of the main structure. The straightness of the northwest - southeast
trending structures generally controls the activity of the old Mount Slamet or the Mingkrik Complex whereas
the young volcanic activity is controlled by the southwest – northeast direction.
Areas which indicate Radon content can be interpreted that areas with low permeability, medium (Kalipedes),
and high (Guci) are the areas passed by fault section. The radon content measured in the Guci and Kalipedes
areas is high-high enough, indicating high permeability - high enough, ie> 40 dpm / L
Type of hot water in the Guci area based on the content of Cl, SO4, and HCO3, Guci areas (GC) generally
indicate the type of bicarbonate. Hot water in a Guci in a geothermal system is called an outflow.
Magnetoteluric measurement result can be seen that geothermal prospect area for Guci and surrounding area is
at Mount Mingkrik area.

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9 - 13 April 2018, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Introduction

Indonesia through the path of volcano as known as the Ring of Fire through the island of Sumatra,
Java, the Islands of Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi and the Maluku Islands. These volcanoes are largely
potentially geothermal energy (Widarto et al., 2003; Pratomo, 2006).

This paper will discuss about the factors that control the appearance of hot springs to the surface at
the flank of Mount Slamet in Guci area. Besides, looking for geothermal prospect areas and all
aspects that support the existence of geothermal for the Guci area.

Methods

Methods of this research are field research and sampling followed by laboratory research. This
method includes geomorphology, geology, radon, geochemistry and geophysics (magnetotelluric).

Geology, Geochemistry and Geophysics and Radon methods of Guci Geothermal Prospect

The Guci geothermal prospect area lies to the west of Slamet mountain, Central Java. The
morphology of Guci area is characterized by a rugged texture of structural alignment, deep
river and valley incision, arranged parasitic cones, craters and old caldera cut off and open to
the north and north representing the old Mount Slamet product. To the east of this Guci
region, morphology is characterized by a fine to very fine texture, estimated as a lava flow,
volcanic ash or volcanic sediment of a young Mount Slamet product that forms a perfect
cone.

The Guci Geothermal Prospect located on the north side of Mount Slamet is associated with
the Mount Mingkrik product, estimated as a large caldera cut off by a northwest-southeast
trending fault that is then covered by the young lava product of Mount Slamet. The Slamet
Mountain Complex activity is controlled by the straight-line structure of the northwest -
southeast, southwest - northeast direction of the main structure. The straightness of the
northwest - southeast trending structures generally controls the activity of the old Mount
Slamet or the Mingkrik Complex whereas the young volcanic activity is controlled by the
southwest – northeast direction (Permana 2014)

The surface geological structures that develop in the research region are strongly influenced
by the normal subduction of the Australian plate. Model of Riedel Shear (Davis, 1999) can
explain the pattern of northwest-southeast trending structures in the form of tension faults
that control the activity around the Mingkrik caldera.

To detect a zone of permeability, Radon method was conduct on hot and soil water in the
manifestation of geothermal area. Measurement of Radon content is carried out on hot water
and soil from Northeast to Southwest, from Guci to Sudikampir and Kalipedes . The content
of Radon appears high in Guci, low in Sudikampir, then in Kalipedes Radon is quite high.
Areas which indicate Radon content can be interpreted that areas with low permeability,
medium (Kalipedes), and high (Guci) are the areas passed by fault section. The radon
content measured in the Guci and Kalipedes areas is high-high enough, indicating high
permeability - high enough, ie> 40 dpm / L (Nurohman, 2014)

Kalipedes and Guci hot springs on the northwestern slopes of Mount Slamet, Central Java appear on
contact between volcanic breccia rocks with lava flows. The hot springs are located on a west-easterly
structural or fault orientation for the Kalipedes hot springs and northwest-northwest trending direction
for the Guci hot springs. Type of hot water in the Guci area based on the content of Cl, SO4, and

EAGE-HAGI 1st Asia Pacific meeting on Near Surface Geoscience & Engineering
11-12 April 2018, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
HCO3, Guci areas (GC) generally indicate the type of bicarbonate. Hot water in a Guci in a
geothermal system is called an outflow.

Figure 1. Geologic map of Study area with location of observation and MT line (modivied
from Djuri 1996)

Volcanic rocks obtained in the Guci area include alternating lava with breccias
(undifferentiated rocks / old rocks) with anchored axial breccia, and younger lava (Mount
Slamet Lava)(Figure 1). The rocks are compared with volcanic rock units located on the
geological map of Purwokerto and Tegal sheets including the Slamet Mountain product
which is mostly an old lava, and a small portion of young lava which generally lies in the
river. This type of surface-visible manifestation is an alteration that produces argillic and
silica on the bridge portion of the breccia matrix, whereas the fragments are basaltic andesite
rocks, andesite piroxes, unaltered basalt, it is possible that the hydrothermal fluid passing
through the breccia is relatively low. Old Lava is generally skewed and composed of basaltic
and basaltic andesites, whereas Young Lava is composed of basaltic andesite and andesite
piroksen. Existing volcanic rocks are generally included in high-calc alkaline series, some
calc-alkaline, both in Backarc Volcano. Another geothermal manifestation in the form of
bicarbonate hot springs appears as an outflow between the lava and anchored breccias of a
fault plane (Indarto 2014).

Based on the relationship of SiO2 and K2O from a number of volcanic rock samples from
the Guci area and its surroundings are generally basaltic andesitic, basalt and andesitic
andesite, and based on the relation between Y (Itrium) element and Nb / Zr * 100 indicates
that the Guci volcanic position is back arc side volcano . The Guci geothermal prospect was
volcano host system (Setijaji, 2010)

Geophysical measurements by magnetoteluric method are carried out with line directed
northwest - southeast and northeast southwest. We have twoo lines of MT measurements.
The presence of geological structures such as faults in the Guci region is seen in the
southwest-southeast line and the geological structures of the Mingkrik region are seen on the

EAGE-HAGI 1st Asia Pacific meeting on Near Surface Geoscience & Engineering
11-12 April 2018, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
southwest-northeast line. The resistivity image of northwest- southeast line shows fault
structures through the Guci area and is thought to have controlled the appearance of hot
springs in the area. At the southwest-northeast trending cross section shows that the Mingkrik
area is a fairly good prospect area for this area (Figure 2).

Based on the resistivity value, the existing rock in the Guci geothermal prospect area can be
divided into three parts: rocks with low resistivity (≤30 Ohm.m), rocks with medium
resistivity (30 - 300 Ohm.m) and rocks with high resistivity value ≥ 300 Ohm.m). Rocks
with high resistivity are interpreted as hot source rocks such as those under Mingkrik
Mountain, under Guci and below Dukuh Tengah. Except for rocks with high resistivity on the
surface in Dukuh Tengah area which is interpreted as Mingkrik mountain lava. Rocks with
medium resistivity are being interpreted as reservoir rocks and rocks with low resistivity are
interpreted as alteration and tuff as caprocks in a geothermal system such as the Mingkrik and
Guci areas. However, based on hot water analysis that Guci area is outflow area and its cap
rock does not cover all reservoir rocks, it seems that Guci area is not a geothermal prospect.
Conversely, Mingkrik mountain area is an ideal area referred to as a geothermal prospect area
with the requirements of geothermal prospect areas are the source of heat rock, reservoir rock
and caprock. In addition to morphology, it is seen that at the top of Mingkrik mountain looks
like a depression area that comes from ancient crater sight where previously this Mingkrik
mountain is also a volcano that is older than current Slamet volcano (Permana 2014).

Figure 2 Resistivity image of Guci Geothermal Prospect Area.

Conclusions

The hot springs well in Guci lie in the straightness of the northwest-southeast trending structures
while the Calipedes hot springs are controlled by the direction of a trending fault almost west-east.
Analysis of samples water in Guci area concluded that in geothermal system, hot water of Guci area is
upflow position. Magnetoteluric measurement result can be seen that geothermal prospect area for
Guci area is at Mount Mingkrik area.

EAGE-HAGI 1st Asia Pacific meeting on Near Surface Geoscience & Engineering
11-12 April 2018, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
 References

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Djuri, M., Samodra, H., Amien, T.C. dan Gafoer,S., 1996. Peta Geologi Lembar Purwokerto dan
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