Identification of a possible study on:

Effects of traffic jam (and other related problems) on human health and/or life in
HoChiMinh City

Discuss in group and answer the following questions:

1. What is the title of your research? (specific statement of the research problem)
khoi bui cua ket xe gay ra benh ho hap trong tphcm
2. Why? (general understandings, observations and potential benefits)
3. What do you want to study in details? (research content, information of
interest)
4. What do you want to achieve through this research? (objectives)
5. How do you do the research? (approach and brief description on how the
research will be conducted)
Ch4_d@yahoo.com

Traffic jam data:

- 82% of reading levels of airborne dust in city beyond the permissible, at some point,
just beyond the standard 4 to 5 times higher than
- Air monitoring of the third quarter of 2008 Environmental Protection Department City
showed 82% of reading levels of airborne dust in city beyond the permissible, at some
point, beyond the standard index higher than 4 to 5 times.

No.1 culprit: Transportation

- Latest reviews of the HCMC People's Committee on air pollution sources also showed
that emissions from transport and the transport system is poor quality direct cause.
Nearly 90% of vehicles in the city as motorcycles, engines emit a lot of dust, CO and
hydrocarbons. Increasing traffic jams further increased concentration of dust particles.
General data recorded: total load of dust particles, CO, NO2, CO2 emissions from
vehicles, industrial emissions, emissions from combustion of materials in daily life in the
city at around 60,000 tons per year. Among them, more than 80% traffic load emissions,
more than 14% of the load of industrial emissions.

- Data from Ho Chi Minh City Department of Transportation, the City has 3.6 million
motorbikes, motorcycles, 360,000 automobiles and 700,000 respectively per day for
motorcycles, 600,000 automobiles from the place of traffic through the city but the area
of road surface can only serve the needs of some 2.5 million vehicles circulating.
Currently 98% of households in the city have a motorcycle.

- In addition, motorized vehicles continued growth each year to forecast emissions to air
pollution in 2010 will increase from 2 to 5 times, will affect the quality of urban air .

The continuous increase of transport was a worrying indicator of air quality, but quality
is more dangerous than gasoline. Observation in the city, from 2005 to now, the average
lead concentration increased 1.4 to 2.4 times. Gas concentration benzene, toluene and
xylem increased 2 to 4 times higher than in the axial flow of traffic means high traffic.

-With this type is the scientific evidence shows that they are the cause of certain diseases
in humans, including cancer and genetic modification. The origin of PAHs is mainly dust
pollution from vehicle exhaust is the raw material used petrol.

-Smoke and dust are carriers of bacteria, viruses, fungi into the human body. Who
inhaled smoke, dust susceptible to intestinal diseases, respiratory, cardiovascular,
nervous ... So, the level of environmental pollution risk is proportional to the
number of sick humans.

-Car exhaust cause many health effects, especially effects on the respiratory system,
cardiovascular and nervous. In many car exhaust components C02, CO, lead and other
toxic chemicals. Currently, traffic density increased, traffic jams often occur. Many
types of vehicle traffic is too old, toxic emissions exceed the permitted levels make the
air polluted. Participants breathed the air traffic contamination will directly affect the
respiratory tract. Consequently, blood will accumulate many toxic gases causes the heart
to work harder so tired blood.

-... Therefore, to prevent diseases caused by smoke, dust to cause traffic participants
should do some self-protection measures such as masks, goggles, helmets ... To prevent
intestinal diseases caused by environmental pollution caused consumers to choose
restaurants hygiene, food cover, definitely good

Diseases related to respiratory tract in children increase

According to the Hospital (Hospital), Children 1, the number of patients in the month 8-
2004 (patient) suffered a number of diseases related to respiratory tract tends to rise, with
34,708 cases.

Compared with August 6-2004 (31,115 cases), some have nearly 3600 songs. Specifically,
patients with acute upper respiratory in August with 30,260 cases, more than in June 3234 was
cases; of bronchiolitis have been 1774 cases, an increase of 602 cases, some patients with
asthma as 1669, an increase of 238 cases and Pneumonia is the 1505 case, an increase of 29
cases.

According to this survey, the concentration of dust, ozone, NO2 and SO2 highly
associated with increased hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in children in
Vietnam. Percentage of pneumonia and bronchitis have a tendency to increase;
Ozone affects more than dust.